Unit 6 Earth first （复习讲义） 英语外研版必修第二册

该高中英语复习讲义围绕“人与自然”主题语境，通过表格系统梳理单元知识体系，涵盖环境污染等词汇、-ing/-ed作补语语法及劝说信写作要点。语法部分用对比表格呈现现在分词与过去分词作补语的主动被动关系，词汇结合教材原句与拓展用法，清晰呈现重难点分布与内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，基础层设词汇即时小练（如scare的介词搭配填空）和语法单句填空，提升层选用2026年全国卷环保主题阅读理解及“Trash to Treasure”报道写作，培养语言能力与思维品质。配套默写、词汇运用等自主复习模块，助力教师实施精准分层教学，满足不同学生需求。

外研版必修第一册Unit 6 Earth first（复习讲义) 复习要点 1. 主题语境：人与自然（环境保护、生态危机、绿色生活、全球变暖）。 2. 重点掌握语境内容：环境污染、物种保护、碳足迹、环保误区、环保行动相关词汇和短语。 3. 语法掌握：‑ing 与‑ed 形式作补语。 4. 掌握应用文：劝说信写作。 复习重难点 重点：‑ing、‑ed 作宾语补足语，区分现在分词与过去分词表达主动 / 被动含义。 难点：劝说信有理有据地阐述环境问题，提出可行倡议，增强文本说服力。 单元词汇 知识点1：scare scare v.使（某人）惊恐，吓唬 教材原句　People have always been scared of sharks,but Jaws made things worse. 人们本就害怕鲨鱼，而电影《大白鲨》加深了这种恶劣印象。 【词汇拓展】 （1）scare sb away/off 把某人吓跑/吓退 scare sb into （doing） sth 威胁/恐吓某人（做）某事 （2）scared adj. 恐惧的；害怕的 be scared of doing sth/be scared to do sth 害怕做某事 （be） scared to death　　吓得要死 （3）scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的，引起恐慌的 【即时小练】 ①.My cat is scared　　　　　　thunderstorms and hides under the bed whenever it rains heavily. 答案：of　 ②.He was scared　　　　　　（tell）his parents the truth about his failing grades. 答案：to tell　 ③.The horror movie was so　　　　　　（scare）that I had to close my eyes several times. 答案：scary　 知识点2：fortunately fortunately adv.幸运地 教材原句　Fortunately,not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks ... 幸运的是，并非每个看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都变得害怕鲨鱼…… 【词汇拓展】 （1）fortunate adj. 幸运的；吉利的 be fortunate to do/（in） doing sth 做某事很幸运 It is fortunate （for sb） to do/that ...（对某人来说）做……是幸运的 （2）fortune n. 运气；命运；财富，财产 make a fortune 发财，赚钱 try one’s fortune 碰运气 （3）unfortunate adj. 不幸的 unfortunately adv. 不幸地 【即时小练】 ①.They are fortunate　　　　　　（find）a peaceful place to live away from the city noise. 答案：to find　　 ②.　　　　　　（fortunate）,they found the missing keys before they left the house. 答案：Fortunately　 知识点3：devote devote v.致力，献身，倾注 教材原句　Now,she is a model and performance artist devoted to ocean conservation. 现在，她是一位致力于海洋保护的模特和表演艺术家。 【词汇拓展】 （1）devote ...to 把……用于/致力于……（to是介词） devote oneself to 献身于……；致力于…… （2）devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的 be devoted to （doing） sth 致力于（做）某事 be devoted to sb 深爱着某人 （3）devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚 devotion to 对……的关爱/投入/忠诚 【即时小练】 ①.The scientist devotes most of his time to　　　　　　（research）new medicines. 答案：researching　 ②.The dog is very　　　　　　（devote）to its owner and follows him everywhere. 答案：devoted　　 知识点4：damage/destroy/ruin 【一句话辨异】The storm damaged several houses, destroyed one building completely and ruined many people’s hopes. 翻译：这场暴风雨损坏了几栋房屋，彻底摧毁了一栋大楼，还破灭了许多人的希望。 【错因辨析】 【即时小练】 选词填空（damage/ruin/destroy） ①.You have　　　　　　my bike；you’d better get it repaired. 答案：damaged　 解析：句意：你把我的自行车弄坏了，你最好把它修好。后文get it repaired“可以修理”，说明只是部分受损，用 damage；have + 过去分词，现在完成时。 ②. My car was　　　　　　in an accident，and I have to buy a new one. 答案：destroyed　 解析：句意：我的车在一场事故中彻底损毁了，我不得不买辆新车。have to buy a new one必须买新车，说明车子完全毁坏，不能再用；被动语态 be destroyed。 ③.To our disappointment，the bad weather　　　　　　our trip. 答案：ruined 解析：句意：令我们失望的是，恶劣天气毁掉了我们的旅行。 毁掉旅行（抽象事物：计划、体验），用 ruin；事情已经发生，用一般过去时 ruined。 知识点5：话题词汇拓展 ①.endangered adj. 濒危的 ②.destruction n. 破坏；毁灭 ③.conservation n. 保护；保存 ④.sustainable adj. 可持续的 ⑤.carbon n. 碳 ⑥.greenhouse n. 温室 ⑦.footprint n. 足迹 ⑧.renewable adj. 可再生的 ⑨.severe adj. 严重的；剧烈的 ⑩.contaminate v. 污染；弄脏 ⑪.extinction n. 灭绝 ⑫.ecosystem n. 生态系统 ⑬.ozone n. 臭氧 ⑭.persuasive adj. 有说服力的 ⑮.campaign n. 运动；活动 v. 发起运动 ⑯.reserve n. 保护区 v. 保留 ⑰.deteriorate v. 恶化 ⑱.disposable adj. 一次性的 单元语法：现在分词和过去分词作补语 v．­ing形式作宾语补足语时，往往表示正在进行的动作或经常存在的状态，与宾语之间构成逻辑主动关系。v.­ing形式常作以下动词的宾语补足语。 v.-ing形式作宾语补足语用法表 用法分类 说明 示例 感官动词 表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词(短语)，如 see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to 等。 I felt somebody standing behind me. (我感觉有人站在我后面。) I saw the little boy crying there. (我看到小男孩正在那里哭。) 使役动词 表示使动意义的动词，如 have, keep, get, leave 等。接现在分词作宾语补足语表示“让……一直做某事”。 We kept the fire burning all night long. (我们让火整夜燃烧着。) I won't have you running about in the room. (我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。) with复合结构 用于 with 复合结构中，其中 v.-ing 形式与前面的名词或代词之间构成逻辑主动关系。 I couldn't do my homework with the noise going on. (由于噪声不断，我没法做家庭作业。) With so many people looking at her, she felt nervous. (这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。) v.-ed形式作宾语补足语知识点归纳表 类别 用法说明 动词类型 示例 基本逻辑 过去分词作宾补，说明宾语的状态或性质，宾语是其逻辑主语，且为动作承受者，表示被动关系。 - I saw his eyes fixed on me with curiosity.我看见他的眼睛盯着我，充满了好奇。 用法类型 1 表示感觉或心理状态的动词 see, hear, feel, watch, notice, think, consider, find We saw the thief caught by the police.我们看见小偷被警察抓住了。 用法类型 2 表示“致使”或“保持某状态”意义的动词 make, get, have, keep, leave Don't leave such an important thing undone.不要让这么重要的事没有人做。 用法类型 3 表示“希望、要求、命令”意义的动词 want, wish, like, expect, order We want the work finished by Saturday.我们想要在周六前完成工作。 微点拨 过去分词用在with复合结构中作宾语补足语，过去分词与宾语之 间是逻辑上的动宾关系。 - With his homework done,he went out to play football.作业做完后，他出去踢足球了。 【单句语法填空】 1. I found the door　　　　　　（lock）when I arrived home. 答案：locked　 解析：find +宾语+宾补；door 和 lock 是被动关系（门被锁），用过去分词作宾语补足语。句意：我到家的时候，发现门是锁着的。 2. He found her　　　　　　（read）a book when he came in. 答案：reading　 解析：find sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事；when he came in 强调进门那一刻，动作正在发生，现在分词作宾补。句意：他进来时，发现她正在看书。 3. She felt her suggestions　　　　　　（ignore）by the committee. 答案：ignored　 解析：feel +宾语+宾补；suggestions 和 ignore 是被动关系（建议被忽视），by 也提示被动，用过去分词作宾补。句意：她感觉自己的建议被委员会忽视了。 （时间：40分钟） 一、默写重点单词 1.________n.（尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般）看法，态度 2.________n.海洋，大海 3.________ v.使……突出，使注意力集中于 4.________ n.员工 5.________ v.破损，损害，损伤 6.________adj.可持续的，不破坏环境的 7.________n.温室，暖房 【答案】 1. attitude 2.ocean 3.highlight 4.staff 5.damage 6.sustainable 7.greenhouse　 二、词汇运用 1. The loud thunder________（使惊恐）the little child,and he started crying. 2. He________（潜水） into the pool to cool off on the hot summer day. 3. The________（灭绝） of certain plants can have a significant impact on the ecosystem. 4. Her positive a ________ towards life always inspires those around her. 5. She fell off her bike， but f________,she wasn’t seriously injured. 【答案】 1. scared 2.dived 3.extinction 4.attitude 5.fortunately　 三、重点句型 1.又冷又饿，徒步旅行者们终于抵达了山间小屋。 _________________________ ,the hikers finally reached the mountain hut. 2.他执导的电影并非每部都是杰作，但大多数都很受欢迎。 _________________________ directed by him is a masterpiece,but most are popular. 3.建造木屋所需的时间是建造钢结构的两倍。 Building a wooden house takes _________________________ constructing a steel structure. 【答案】 1.Cold and hungry　 2.Not every movie　 3.twice the time of/as much time as　 四、课文语法填空 The 1975 film Jaws described a scene where a woman swimming in a dark sea 1. （attack）by a great white shark and finally was killed by it,which made people consider the great white shark as 2. dangerous animal. Some people were afraid of swimming in the sea.To make things 3. （bad）,other people started fishing for sharks,4. （kill）as many as they could.As a result， the number of large sharks around America fell quickly.5. （fin）is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off.The sharks are thrown back into the sea where they die slowly and 6. （painful）.Finning kills millions of sharks a year. In 1980,Peter Benchley,the man 7. wrote the book the film Jaws was based on,was diving when he came across an awful sight.The sea floor was covered with dead sharks because of finning.He came to see people as a danger to sharks,rather than the other way round.From that day on,he fought 8. （protect） sharks.9. （expert）have proved that sharks do not see people as food,and they attack us just by mistake.Only a few people are killed by sharks every year. Fortunately,some people began to protect sharks.Today,as we learn more about sharks,more people than ever want to protect them 10. extinction. 【答案】 1.was attacked 2.a 3.worse 4.killing 5.Finning　 6.painfully 7.who/that 8.to protect 9.Experts 10.from　 五、阅读理解 Passage 1（2026年全国2卷D篇） The Barcelona subway pulls into the station, the doors slide open and passengers pour out to go about their daily business. Little do they know that as they do so, a burst of energy is sent up to street level to help charge an electric car. Barcelona has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener, while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid Europe’s difficult shift to the privately owned electric vehicle market. Sixteen stations of Barcelona’s subway system are part of its new MetroCharge project, whereby the energy from the underground trains’ brakes (刹车) is used to power the trains and the stations themselves, while the remainder is sent snaking through cables (电缆) to the surface to power plug-in stations for privately owned vehicles. Bernardo Espinoza, an engineer who takes the subway every day, owns an electric car. “I am pleasantly surprised, because I am always looking for where to plug it in,” Espinoza said before catching the subway in a working-class area of southern Barcelona. “And if it is from energy from the trains’ brakes, then even better.” Regenerative brakes have been in trains for decades and are also used in some cars. They consist of an electric motor which collects energy used in the braking action that would be lost as heat by conventional brakes. That energy can be immediately used to accelerate (加速) the vehicle or, in the case of the Barcelona subway system, sent along cables to supply electricity for the station or for electric car chargers. Alvaro Luna, a professor of electrical engineering, said that the system is innovative in so far as it allows for recycled energy to be redirected to specific local uses — in this case powering electric cars parked nearby. That, he said, boosts efficiency. 1. Why does Barcelona launch the MetroCharge project? A. To fuel the city’s economy. B. To enhance passengers’ experience. C. To promote green transportation. D. To raise the quality of electric cars. 2. What is Espinoza’s concern? A. How to cut his travel expenses. B. Where to get a parking space. C. How to avoid rush-hour traffic. D. Where to find a charging point. 3. What aspect of regenerative brakes is discussed in paragraph 5? A. Their operating conditions. B. Their conventional standard. C. Their potential risks. D. Their working mechanism. 4. What did Luna say about the system? A. It uses reclaimed energy creatively. B. It improves workers’ efficiency. C. It prioritizes the safety of trains. D. It generates jobs for the locals. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 4. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了巴塞罗那推出的地铁能量回收项目，利用列车刹车余能为电车充电桩供电，实现绿色交通与能源高效利用。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Barcelona has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener, while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid Europe’s difficult shift to the privately owned electric vehicle market.(巴塞罗那整合了一整套清洁能源技术，助力公共交通走向绿色环保，同时为应对气候变化出力，并助力欧洲艰难转向私人电动汽车市场。)”可知，该项目目的是推广绿色交通。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的““I am pleasantly surprised, because I am always looking for where to plug it in,” Espinoza said before catching the subway in a working-class area of southern Barcelona. (埃斯皮诺萨在巴塞罗那南部一处工人街区搭乘地铁前说道：“我又惊喜又开心，我总在四处找地方给车充电。”)”可知，埃斯皮诺萨一直发愁找不到充电桩。 【3题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“They consist of an electric motor which collects energy used in the braking action that would be lost as heat by conventional brakes. That energy can be immediately used to accelerate the vehicle or, in the case of the Barcelona subway system, sent along cables to supply electricity for the station or for electric car chargers.(它们由一个电动机构成，该电动机会收集刹车动作中产生的能量——这些能量在传统刹车系统中会以热量的形式散失掉。这些能量可以立即用于加速车辆，或者在巴塞罗那地铁系统的情况下，通过电缆输送，为车站或电动汽车充电桩供电。)”可知，本段介绍了再生刹车的工作原理。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Alvaro Luna, a professor of electrical engineering, said that the system is innovative in so far as it allows for recycled energy to be redirected to specific local uses — in this case powering electric cars parked nearby. (电气工程教授阿尔瓦罗・卢纳表示，这套系统颇具创新性，原因在于它能将回收的电能重新调配，用于当地特定用途——本案例中就是为停在附近的电动汽车供电。)”可知，卢纳认为该系统创新性地利用了回收能源。 Passage 2（2026年全国1卷C篇） In line with longstanding initiatives to expand its green spaces, New York City is planting tens of thousands of trees each year. They provide shade, lower surface temperatures, absorb a surprising amount of airborne carbon, remove tiny pollutants, and provide wildlife habitat along with just plain beauty. Something could go wrong, though, according to a new study. Oaks and sweetgums, which currently account for a majority of the city’s trees, produce huge amounts of a chemical substance called isoprene. Harmless by itself, isoprene interacts rapidly with polluting nitrogen oxides released by vehicles, buildings and industry to form ground-level ozone (臭氧) — a major factor in many breathing problems. The research, carried out by scientists at the Columbia Climate School and other institutions, found that if the city maintains past species patterns in new plantings, isoprene production in Manhattan in coming decades will go up by about 140%, and resulting summer ozone levels as much as 30%. “We’re all for planting more trees. They bring so many good things,” said study coauthor Róisín Commane. “But if we’re not careful, we could make air quality worse.” The Parks Department is not oblivious to the issue. A study carried out by some of its researchers several years ago concluded that city trees did release isoprene. “We didn’t make a big deal of that,” said Novem Auyeung, a Parks Department senior scientist. She said trees should not be viewed as the enemy. “We could plant any trees we want to, if we just rethink our car-centric lifestyle,” she said. “We’re not going to go cutting down any big old oaks,” and neither will the department completely stop planting new ones, said Auyeung. “You have to think about what you would lose if you do that.” Oaks are keystone species, she pointed out, providing food and habitat for native insects, birds and other animals. 1. What does the new study imply regarding oaks and sweetgums? A. They affect the growth of other trees. B. They absorb less carbon than expected. C. They harm people’s health indirectly. D. They raise the local temperature slowly. 2. Which of the following may Commane suggest based on their study? A. Cutting down the isoprene-producing trees. B. Suspending tree-planting for a few decades. C. Changing the species of trees in new plantings. D. Removing isoprene released by existing trees. 3. What does the underlined phrase “oblivious to” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Honest about. B. Unaware of. C. Related to. D. Optimistic about. 4. What would Auyeung probably advocate? A. Reducing car use in daily life. B. Providing animals with new habitats. C. Controlling population growth. D. Doing more research on the problem. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍纽约市大力植树改善城市环境，但研究发现当地主流树种橡树和枫香树会释放异戊二烯，间接加剧臭氧污染、影响空气质量，相关部门也对此问题给出了应对态度与看法。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Oaks and sweetgums, which currently account for a majority of the city’s trees, produce huge amounts of a chemical substance called isoprene. Harmless by itself, isoprene interacts rapidly with polluting nitrogen oxides released by vehicles, buildings and industry to form ground-level ozone (臭氧) — a major factor in many breathing problems. (橡树和枫香树目前占该市树木的大多数，它们会产生大量名为异戊二烯的化学物质。异戊二烯本身无害，但会迅速与车辆、建筑和工业排放的污染性氮氧化物发生反应，形成地面臭氧——这是许多呼吸问题的主要因素。)”可知，橡树和枫香树释放的化学物质和污染物结合形成地面臭氧，而臭氧是引发多种呼吸疾病的主要因素，由此可知这类树木会间接危害人体健康。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“if the city maintains past species patterns in new plantings, isoprene production in Manhattan in coming decades will go up by about 140%, and resulting summer ozone levels as much as 30%. (如果该市在新种植的植物中保持以往的物种分布模式，未来几十年曼哈顿的异戊二烯产量将增加约140%，由此导致的夏季臭氧水平将上升多达30%。)”可知，Commane认为如果继续沿用以往的树种种植模式，未来异戊二烯和臭氧含量会大幅上升，再结合第四段Commane所说“But if we’re not careful, we could make air quality worse. (但如果我们不够谨慎，可能会使空气质量变得更差。)”可推断，她会建议更换新种植树木的品种。 【3题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线短语后文“A study carried out by some of its researchers several years ago concluded that city trees did release isoprene. (几年前，该局的一些研究人员进行的一项研究得出结论，城市树木确实会释放异戊二烯。)”可知，公园部门并非没有意识到城市树木会释放异戊二烯这个问题。从而推知，画划线短语“oblivious to”意为“未觉察、不注意”，与B项“Unaware of”意思一致。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段Auyeung的话“We could plant any trees we want to, if we just rethink our car-centric lifestyle (只要我们反思以汽车为中心的生活方式，就可以随意种植树木)”可推知，她会提倡日常生活中减少汽车使用。 六、应用文写作(湖南常德市汉寿县汉寿县第一中学2025-2026学年高二上学期2月期末考试英语试题) 假定你是李华，你校上周举办了主题为“Trash to Treasure”的回收创意大赛，鼓励学生们利用废弃物品制作艺术品。请你为此次活动写一篇报道，给你校英文报投稿。内容包括： 1. 比赛目的；2. 比赛内容；3. 学生反响。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Trash to Treasure” Contest, a Hit at Our School _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】 “Trash to Treasure” Contest, a Hit at Our School Last week, our school organized a recycling design contest themed “Trash to Treasure”, aiming to encourage students to make art from discarded objects. The contest lasted for two hours. A variety of wonderful works were displayed, ranging from colorful plastic lamps made out of recycled plastic bottles to appealing purses made of gently used jeans. Students were also required to narrate the inspiration behind each piece. All the people present were amazed by the works. The contest received wide attention from both students and teachers, who spoke highly of creators’ hard work and creativity. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就学校上周举办了主题为“Trash to Treasure”的回收创意大赛写一篇报道。 【详解】1.词汇积累 鼓励：encourage→ motivate 比赛：contest → competition 吸引人的：appealing→attractive 高度评价：speak highly of→ think highly of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last week, our school organized a recycling design contest themed “Trash to Treasure”, aiming to encourage students to make art from discarded objects. 拓展句：Last week, our school organized a recycling design contest themed “Trash to Treasure”, whose aim was to encourage students to make art from discarded objects. 【点睛】【高分句型1】A variety of wonderful works were displayed, ranging from colorful plastic lamps made out of recycled plastic bottles to appealing purses made of gently used jeans.（运用了现在分词作状语和过去分词作定语） 【高分句型2】The contest received wide attention from both students and teachers, who spoke highly of creators’ hard work and creativity.（运用who引导的非限制性定语从句） 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 外研版必修第一册Unit 6 Earth first（复习讲义) 复习要点 1. 主题语境：人与自然（环境保护、生态危机、绿色生活、全球变暖）。 2. 重点掌握语境内容：环境污染、物种保护、碳足迹、环保误区、环保行动相关词汇和短语。 3. 语法掌握：‑ing 与‑ed 形式作补语。 4. 掌握应用文：劝说信写作。 复习重难点 重点：‑ing、‑ed 作宾语补足语，区分现在分词与过去分词表达主动 / 被动含义。 难点：劝说信有理有据地阐述环境问题，提出可行倡议，增强文本说服力。 单元词汇 知识点1：scare scare v.使（某人）惊恐，吓唬 教材原句　People have always been scared of sharks,but Jaws made things worse. 人们本就害怕鲨鱼，而电影《大白鲨》加深了这种恶劣印象。 【词汇拓展】 （1）scare sb away/off 把某人吓跑/吓退 scare sb into （doing） sth 威胁/恐吓某人（做）某事 （2）scared adj. 恐惧的；害怕的 be scared of doing sth/be scared to do sth 害怕做某事 （be） scared to death　　吓得要死 （3）scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的，引起恐慌的 【即时小练】 ①.My cat is scared　　　　　　thunderstorms and hides under the bed whenever it rains heavily. ②.He was scared　　　　　　（tell）his parents the truth about his failing grades. ③.The horror movie was so　　　　　　（scare）that I had to close my eyes several times. 知识点2：fortunately fortunately adv.幸运地 教材原句　Fortunately,not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks ... 幸运的是，并非每个看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都变得害怕鲨鱼…… 【词汇拓展】 （1）fortunate adj. 幸运的；吉利的 be fortunate to do/（in） doing sth 做某事很幸运 It is fortunate （for sb） to do/that ...（对某人来说）做……是幸运的 （2）fortune n. 运气；命运；财富，财产 make a fortune 发财，赚钱 try one’s fortune 碰运气 （3）unfortunate adj. 不幸的 unfortunately adv. 不幸地 【即时小练】 ①.They are fortunate　　　　　　（find）a peaceful place to live away from the city noise. ②.　　　　　　（fortunate）,they found the missing keys before they left the house. 知识点3：devote devote v.致力，献身，倾注 教材原句　Now,she is a model and performance artist devoted to ocean conservation. 现在，她是一位致力于海洋保护的模特和表演艺术家。 【词汇拓展】 （1）devote ...to 把……用于/致力于……（to是介词） devote oneself to 献身于……；致力于…… （2）devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的 be devoted to （doing） sth 致力于（做）某事 be devoted to sb 深爱着某人 （3）devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚 devotion to 对……的关爱/投入/忠诚 【即时小练】 ①.The scientist devotes most of his time to　　　　　　（research）new medicines. ②.The dog is very　　　　　　（devote）to its owner and follows him everywhere. 知识点4：damage/destroy/ruin 【一句话辨异】The storm damaged several houses, destroyed one building completely and ruined many people’s hopes. 翻译：这场暴风雨损坏了几栋房屋，彻底摧毁了一栋大楼，还破灭了许多人的希望。 【错因辨析】 【即时小练】 选词填空（damage/ruin/destroy） ①.You have　　　　　　my bike；you’d better get it repaired. ②.My car was　　　　　　in an accident，and I have to buy a new one. ③.To our disappointment，the bad weather　　　　　　our trip. 知识点5：话题词汇拓展 ①.endangered adj. 濒危的 ②.destruction n. 破坏；毁灭 ③.conservation n. 保护；保存 ④.sustainable adj. 可持续的 ⑤.carbon n. 碳 ⑥.greenhouse n. 温室 ⑦.footprint n. 足迹 ⑧.renewable adj. 可再生的 ⑨.severe adj. 严重的；剧烈的 ⑩.contaminate v. 污染；弄脏 ⑪.extinction n. 灭绝 ⑫.ecosystem n. 生态系统 ⑬.ozone n. 臭氧 ⑭.persuasive adj. 有说服力的 ⑮.campaign n. 运动；活动 v. 发起运动 ⑯.reserve n. 保护区 v. 保留 ⑰.deteriorate v. 恶化 ⑱.disposable adj. 一次性的 单元语法：现在分词和过去分词作补语 v．­ing形式作宾语补足语时，往往表示正在进行的动作或经常存在的状态，与宾语之间构成逻辑主动关系。v.­ing形式常作以下动词的宾语补足语。 v.-ing形式作宾语补足语用法表 用法分类 说明 示例 感官动词 表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词(短语)，如 see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to 等。 I felt somebody standing behind me. (我感觉有人站在我后面。) I saw the little boy crying there. (我看到小男孩正在那里哭。) 使役动词 表示使动意义的动词，如 have, keep, get, leave 等。接现在分词作宾语补足语表示“让……一直做某事”。 We kept the fire burning all night long. (我们让火整夜燃烧着。) I won't have you running about in the room. (我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。) with复合结构 用于 with 复合结构中，其中 v.-ing 形式与前面的名词或代词之间构成逻辑主动关系。 I couldn't do my homework with the noise going on. (由于噪声不断，我没法做家庭作业。) With so many people looking at her, she felt nervous. (这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。) v.-ed形式作宾语补足语知识点归纳表 类别 用法说明 动词类型 示例 基本逻辑 过去分词作宾补，说明宾语的状态或性质，宾语是其逻辑主语，且为动作承受者，表示被动关系。 - I saw his eyes fixed on me with curiosity.我看见他的眼睛盯着我，充满了好奇。 用法类型 1 表示感觉或心理状态的动词 see, hear, feel, watch, notice, think, consider, find We saw the thief caught by the police.我们看见小偷被警察抓住了。 用法类型 2 表示“致使”或“保持某状态”意义的动词 make, get, have, keep, leave Don't leave such an important thing undone.不要让这么重要的事没有人做。 用法类型 3 表示“希望、要求、命令”意义的动词 want, wish, like, expect, order We want the work finished by Saturday.我们想要在周六前完成工作。 微点拨 过去分词用在with复合结构中作宾语补足语，过去分词与宾语之 间是逻辑上的动宾关系。 - With his homework done,he went out to play football.作业做完后，他出去踢足球了。 【单句语法填空】 1. I found the door　　　　　　（lock）when I arrived home. 2. He found her　　　　　　（read）a book when he came in. 3. She felt her suggestions　　　　　　（ignore）by the committee. （时间：40分钟） 一、默写重点单词 1.________n.（尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般）看法，态度 2.________n.海洋，大海 3.________ v.使……突出，使注意力集中于 4.________ n.员工 5.________ v.破损，损害，损伤 6.________adj.可持续的，不破坏环境的 7.________n.温室，暖房 二、词汇运用 1. The loud thunder________（使惊恐）the little child,and he started crying. 2. He________（潜水） into the pool to cool off on the hot summer day. 3. The________（灭绝） of certain plants can have a significant impact on the ecosystem. 4. Her positive a ________ towards life always inspires those around her. 5. She fell off her bike， but f________,she wasn’t seriously injured. 三、重点句型 1.又冷又饿，徒步旅行者们终于抵达了山间小屋。 _________________________ ,the hikers finally reached the mountain hut. 2.他执导的电影并非每部都是杰作，但大多数都很受欢迎。 _________________________ directed by him is a masterpiece,but most are popular. 3.建造木屋所需的时间是建造钢结构的两倍。 Building a wooden house takes _________________________ constructing a steel structure. 四、课文语法填空 The 1975 film Jaws described a scene where a woman swimming in a dark sea 1. （attack）by a great white shark and finally was killed by it,which made people consider the great white shark as 2. dangerous animal. Some people were afraid of swimming in the sea.To make things 3. （bad）,other people started fishing for sharks,4. （kill）as many as they could.As a result， the number of large sharks around America fell quickly.5. （fin）is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off.The sharks are thrown back into the sea where they die slowly and 6. （painful）.Finning kills millions of sharks a year. In 1980,Peter Benchley,the man 7. wrote the book the film Jaws was based on,was diving when he came across an awful sight.The sea floor was covered with dead sharks because of finning.He came to see people as a danger to sharks,rather than the other way round.From that day on,he fought 8. （protect） sharks.9. （expert）have proved that sharks do not see people as food,and they attack us just by mistake.Only a few people are killed by sharks every year. Fortunately,some people began to protect sharks.Today,as we learn more about sharks,more people than ever want to protect them 10. extinction. 五、阅读理解 Passage 1（2026年全国2卷D篇） The Barcelona subway pulls into the station, the doors slide open and passengers pour out to go about their daily business. Little do they know that as they do so, a burst of energy is sent up to street level to help charge an electric car. Barcelona has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener, while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid Europe’s difficult shift to the privately owned electric vehicle market. Sixteen stations of Barcelona’s subway system are part of its new MetroCharge project, whereby the energy from the underground trains’ brakes (刹车) is used to power the trains and the stations themselves, while the remainder is sent snaking through cables (电缆) to the surface to power plug-in stations for privately owned vehicles. Bernardo Espinoza, an engineer who takes the subway every day, owns an electric car. “I am pleasantly surprised, because I am always looking for where to plug it in,” Espinoza said before catching the subway in a working-class area of southern Barcelona. “And if it is from energy from the trains’ brakes, then even better.” Regenerative brakes have been in trains for decades and are also used in some cars. They consist of an electric motor which collects energy used in the braking action that would be lost as heat by conventional brakes. That energy can be immediately used to accelerate (加速) the vehicle or, in the case of the Barcelona subway system, sent along cables to supply electricity for the station or for electric car chargers. Alvaro Luna, a professor of electrical engineering, said that the system is innovative in so far as it allows for recycled energy to be redirected to specific local uses — in this case powering electric cars parked nearby. That, he said, boosts efficiency. 1. Why does Barcelona launch the MetroCharge project? A. To fuel the city’s economy. B. To enhance passengers’ experience. C. To promote green transportation. D. To raise the quality of electric cars. 2. What is Espinoza’s concern? A. How to cut his travel expenses. B. Where to get a parking space. C. How to avoid rush-hour traffic. D. Where to find a charging point. 3. What aspect of regenerative brakes is discussed in paragraph 5? A. Their operating conditions. B. Their conventional standard. C. Their potential risks. D. Their working mechanism. 4. What did Luna say about the system? A. It uses reclaimed energy creatively. B. It improves workers’ efficiency. C. It prioritizes the safety of trains. D. It generates jobs for the locals. Passage 2（2026年全国1卷C篇） In line with longstanding initiatives to expand its green spaces, New York City is planting tens of thousands of trees each year. They provide shade, lower surface temperatures, absorb a surprising amount of airborne carbon, remove tiny pollutants, and provide wildlife habitat along with just plain beauty. Something could go wrong, though, according to a new study. Oaks and sweetgums, which currently account for a majority of the city’s trees, produce huge amounts of a chemical substance called isoprene. Harmless by itself, isoprene interacts rapidly with polluting nitrogen oxides released by vehicles, buildings and industry to form ground-level ozone (臭氧) — a major factor in many breathing problems. The research, carried out by scientists at the Columbia Climate School and other institutions, found that if the city maintains past species patterns in new plantings, isoprene production in Manhattan in coming decades will go up by about 140%, and resulting summer ozone levels as much as 30%. “We’re all for planting more trees. They bring so many good things,” said study coauthor Róisín Commane. “But if we’re not careful, we could make air quality worse.” The Parks Department is not oblivious to the issue. A study carried out by some of its researchers several years ago concluded that city trees did release isoprene. “We didn’t make a big deal of that,” said Novem Auyeung, a Parks Department senior scientist. She said trees should not be viewed as the enemy. “We could plant any trees we want to, if we just rethink our car-centric lifestyle,” she said. “We’re not going to go cutting down any big old oaks,” and neither will the department completely stop planting new ones, said Auyeung. “You have to think about what you would lose if you do that.” Oaks are keystone species, she pointed out, providing food and habitat for native insects, birds and other animals. 1. What does the new study imply regarding oaks and sweetgums? A. They affect the growth of other trees. B. They absorb less carbon than expected. C. They harm people’s health indirectly. D. They raise the local temperature slowly. 2. Which of the following may Commane suggest based on their study? A. Cutting down the isoprene-producing trees. B. Suspending tree-planting for a few decades. C. Changing the species of trees in new plantings. D. Removing isoprene released by existing trees. 3. What does the underlined phrase “oblivious to” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Honest about. B. Unaware of. C. Related to. D. Optimistic about. 4. What would Auyeung probably advocate? A. Reducing car use in daily life. B. Providing animals with new habitats. C. Controlling population growth. D. Doing more research on the problem. 六、应用文写作(湖南常德市汉寿县汉寿县第一中学2025-2026学年高二上学期2月期末考试英语试题) 假定你是李华，你校上周举办了主题为“Trash to Treasure”的回收创意大赛，鼓励学生们利用废弃物品制作艺术品。请你为此次活动写一篇报道，给你校英文报投稿。内容包括： 1. 比赛目的；2. 比赛内容；3. 学生反响。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Trash to Treasure” Contest, a Hit at Our School _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $