摘要:
**基本信息**
聚焦单元核心词汇,通过多维度考查构建“词义理解-词性转换-语境应用-音形结合”的递进式训练体系,助力语言能力与学习能力提升。
**专项设计**
|模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|根据中文提示补全句子|30题|直接考查词汇拼写与基础词义|从核心词汇的基本含义切入,建立词形与词义的对应关系|
|用括号内单词正确形式填空|30题|涉及词性转换(如care→carefully)、名词单复数等|深化词汇形态变化,衔接语法知识,构建“词义-词性-用法”逻辑链|
|根据首字母提示完成句子|20题|结合语境考查词汇记忆与应用|强化词汇在具体语境中的灵活运用,培养上下文推理能力|
|根据音标填空|20题|考查发音与拼写的对应(如/laɪ/→lie)|打通“音-形-义”联系,夯实语音基础,提升词汇学习能力|
内容正文:
译林版八上 Unit1 Friendship 单元重点词汇专项训练100题 答案+解析
一、根据括号内中文提示补全句子(每题1分,共30分)
1. unhappy
解析:stay +形容词,意为“保持……状态”;unhappy 不开心的。
句意:当你的朋友在社团交到新朋友时,不要闷闷不乐。
2. fight
解析:shouldn’t情态动词否定,后接动词原形;fight 打斗。
句意:不要因为小小的分歧和别人打架。
3. thoughtful
解析:be动词后接形容词;thoughtful 体贴的。
句意:当室友处境艰难时,要多体谅他们。
4. second
解析:a single second 一秒钟。
句意:一秒钟太短,不足以完成这道词汇难题。
5. badminton
解析:play badminton 打羽毛球,球类运动零冠词。
句意:和我最好的朋友打羽毛球是我最喜欢的运动。
6. secrets
解析:personal secrets 个人秘密,用复数表泛指。
句意:她把所有的个人秘密写在蓝色笔记本里。
7. lies
解析:tell lies 说谎,固定短语。
句意:对信任你的人说谎是不礼貌的。
8. fact
解析:It is a fact that… ……是一个事实,fact 事实。
句意:真挚的友谊需要坦诚沟通,这是一个事实。
9. carefully
解析:修饰动词speak要用副词carefully(仔细地)。
句意:你能说的再仔细一点吗?我跟不上你的话。
10. dead
解析:be动词后接形容词dead 枯死的。
句意:那棵老树枯死了,没有鸟儿会在枝头筑巢。
11. encourages
解析:主语our head teacher是三单,一般现在时,encourage变为encourages 鼓励。
句意:班主任鼓励我们空闲时间多做户外运动。
12. afraid
解析:feel afraid to do sth 害怕做某事,afraid 害怕的。
句意:一开始,我不敢向同班同学展露自己的弱点。
13. teenager
解析:each后接可数名词单数,teenager青少年。
句意:每一位青少年都希望找到可以倾诉心事的人。
14. face
解析:never后接动词原形;face 面对。
句意:不要独自面对烦恼,你可以向朋友求助。
15. humorous
解析:形容词修饰名词student;humorous幽默的。
句意:幽默的同学在班里总是很受欢迎。
16. height
解析:形容词性物主代词后接名词height 身高。
句意:她出众的身高让她入选校篮球队。
17. gone
解析:be gone 离开,离去。
句意:我最好的一个朋友搬去另一座城市,我很想念她。
18. energetic
解析:be动词后接形容词energetic精力充沛的。
句意:这个男孩精力充沛,参加很多课外活动。
19. worse
解析:get worse marks 取得更差的成绩,worse是bad比较级,更差的。
句意:不要因为和好朋友吵架就考出更差的分数。
20. honest
解析:be honest诚实的。
句意:所有人都敬重他,因为他为人诚实,从不说假话。
21. bored
解析:get bored of… 对……感到厌倦(人作主语用‑ed结尾形容词)。
句意:很多学生对大量重复作业感到厌烦。
22. brave
解析:brave勇敢的,形容词修饰teenager。
句意:勇敢的青少年遇到困难不会逃避。
23. seat
解析:front seat 前排座位。
句意:他坐在前排,这样可以更清楚听老师讲课。
24. ponytail
解析:ponytail马尾辫,此处用单数。
句意:她黑色短短的马尾辫,让她在年级里看起来很特别。
25. However
解析:however然而,副词,句首大写,逗号隔开。
句意:然而,即使他犯了大错,我仍然选择相信他。
26. patient
解析:a patient person 有耐心的人。
句意:当你难过的时候,你需要一个有耐心的人倾听你。
27. jokes
解析:tell jokes 讲笑话,复数表泛指。
句意:他经常讲有趣的笑话,逗伤心的同学开心。
28. humour
解析:a good sense of humour 很有幽默感,固定搭配,humour名词幽默。
句意:我的同桌很有幽默感,让班级充满欢乐。
29. trust
解析:情态动词can后接动词原形trust 相信。
句意:无论遇到什么麻烦,你都可以信任真正的朋友。
30. understand
解析:It is +adj. + to do;understand理解。
句意:我实在难以理解,为什么他轻易放弃我们的友谊。
二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空(每题1分,共30分)
1. carelessly
解析:修饰动词write用副词;根据后文fewer spelling mistakes“更少拼写错误”,语义:如果你书写仔细会错误少;此处逻辑:`care`副词carelessly粗心地。
句意:如果你书写很粗心,你的作文拼写错误就会更多。
2. friendship
解析:friendship 友谊;真正的友谊可以经受苦难考验。
句意:真正的友谊能够经受日常生活各种各样的磨难。
3. secrets
解析:keep secrets 保守秘密,固定搭配,复数。
句意:她为班上每一位好朋友保守秘密。
4. thoughtful
解析:It’s + adj. + of sb to do,thoughtful体贴的。
句意:我比赛失利时,你来安慰我,你真体贴。
5. knows
解析:as soon as引导时间状语从句,主将从现;主语he三单,know→knows。
句意:一旦他知道全部真相,他就会很难过。
6. cheerful
解析:形容词修饰名词look;cheerful 开心的,快乐的。
句意:每次在校遇见她,我们都喜欢看她开心的神情。
7. worst
解析:I have ever had 我曾经经历过的,最高级标志;bad的最高级worst。
句意:这是我和同桌经历过最糟糕的一次经历。
8. scared
解析:be scared of doing sth 害怕做某事。
句意:不要害怕向老师吐露你的真实感受。
9. schoolwork
解析:schoolwork 学业、功课,不可数名词。
句意:繁重的学业给许多青少年带来巨大压力。
10. to join
解析:encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事。
句意:英语老师鼓励我课后加入羽毛球小组。
11. loudly
解析:修饰动词laughed用副词loudly大声地。
句意:听完这个有趣的笑话,小女孩大声笑了起来。
12. teenager
解析:every后面接单数名词teenager青少年。
句意:每一位青少年在与人相处上都有着不同烦恼。
13. to get
解析:hope to do sth 希望做某事。
句意:我们希望和新班里每一位同学和睦相处。
14. careful
解析:be careful towards others 对他人体贴;be后接形容词。
句意:待人友善体贴,能帮你交到更多好朋友。
15. nodded
解析:just now刚刚,一般过去时;nod过去式nodded。
句意:他点头,表示刚刚同意我的建议。
16. telling
解析:be afraid of doing sth,of介词后面接doing。
句意:不要害怕对你好朋友讲真话。
17. height
解析:形容词性物主代词his后接名词height身高。
句意:他的身高使他无法参加校排球队。
18. danger
解析:in danger 处于危险之中,固定短语。
句意:这个小孩子处境危险,我们必须立刻伸出援手。
19. to fight
解析:It is +adj. + to do sth句型。
句意:青少年在公共场所打架是非常危险的。
20. worried
解析:feel worried about 为……感到担忧。
句意:我对即将到来的英语口语竞赛感到有点担心。
21. active
解析:形容词修饰teenager;active 积极的,活跃的。
句意:性格活跃的青少年在校很容易建立良好人际关系。
22. listeners
解析:谓语are,主语用复数listeners倾听者。
句意:善于倾听的人会为朋友保守私人秘密。
23. dead
解析:形容词dead修饰名词leaves,枯死的树叶。
句意:地上枯黄的落叶预示秋天来临。
24. funny
解析:形容词修饰名词story;funny有趣好笑的。
句意:英语课本里面有一篇关于友谊的趣味小故事。
25. Humorous
解析:形容词作主语修饰teenagers,句首大写Humorous幽默的。
句意:幽默的青少年可以营造轻松的交谈氛围。
26. trustworthy
解析:so+形容词;trustworthy值得信赖的。
句意:她为人十分值得信赖,很多同学都愿意和她做朋友。
27. lies
解析:tell lies说谎,固定短语。
句意:如果你希望别人相信你,就永远不要说谎。
28. energetic
解析:形容词修饰名词voice;energetic充满活力的。
句意:他充满活力的声音,总是让全班气氛活跃。
29. to feel
解析:It is +adj.+ to do sth句型。
句意:失去信任的朋友感到难过是很正常的。
30. to understand
解析:learn to do sth 学会做某事。
句意:我们应当学会理解同学们不同的情绪感受。
三、根据首字母提示完成句子(每题1分,共20分)
1. scared
解析:feel scared感到害怕;夜里独自走漆黑安静街道,感到害怕。
句意:夜里独自走在漆黑安静街道上,我感到害怕。
2. honest
解析:honest诚实的;考试不作弊,诚实的学生。
句意:诚实的学生在任何学校考试中都不会作弊。
3. secret
解析:tell my secret 说出我的秘密。
句意:请不要把我的秘密告诉其他人,你是我最信任的朋友。
4. thoughtful
解析:It is thoughtful of sb to do 某人做某事很体贴。
句意:你为疲惫的同桌准备热饮,真的很体贴。
5. Friendship
解析:friendship友谊,句首大写;青少年之间的友谊需要信任和耐心。
句意:青少年之间的友谊,既需要信任,也需要耐心。
6. fight
解析:fight with sb 和某人打架;never后接动词原形。
句意:不要和同学打架,沟通能更好解决问题。
7. Once
解析:once 一旦,引导时间状语从句,句首大写。
句意:一旦失去朋友的信任,要花很久才能重新赢回来。
8. dead
解析:dead死去的;宠物小狗死了,他整日哭泣。
句意:他心爱的宠物小狗死去了,这些天他总是在哭。
9. badminton
解析:badminton羽毛球,我的最爱运动。
句意:我最喜欢的运动是羽毛球,每周末我都和好友一起打。
10. patience
解析:plenty of patience足够的耐心;听朋友讲伤心故事要有耐心。
句意:当朋友向你倾诉伤心往事,你需要足够的耐心。
11. listener
解析:listener倾听者;好的倾听者不会打断别人说话。
句意:善于倾听的人,不会在别人倾诉烦恼的时候插嘴。
12. wrong
解析:It’s wrong to do sth 做某事是错误的;因为小争吵破坏长久友谊是错误的。
句意:仅仅因为一次小小的争吵就毁掉长久的友谊,这是错误的。
13. ponytail
解析:ponytail马尾辫。
句意:她的马尾辫让她在班上看起来文静温柔。
14. thoughts
解析:thought想法,复数;把你的想法写在纸上。
句意:上交练习之前,请把你的全部想法写在纸上。
15. seat
解析:sit in one’s own seat坐在自己的座位上。
句意:课堂上每个学生必须坐在自己座位,保持安静。
16. encourages
解析:主语our class teacher三单,encourages鼓励。
句意:班主任鼓励我们对待每一位同学要善良诚实。
17. gone
解析:be gone离开;老朋友搬去别的城市。
句意:我的一位老朋友搬去别的城市,我十分想念他。
18. sense
解析:a wonderful sense of humour 幽默感,固定搭配。
句意:他十分有幽默感,给全班带来欢乐。
19. bored
解析:get bored 感到厌烦;面对大量简单重复试卷感到无聊。
句意:做大量简单重复练习题的时候,我会觉得有点厌烦。
20. danger
解析:face danger 面对危险。
句意:我们应当勇敢面对危险,而不是逃避。
四、根据句意及音标填空(每题1分,共20分)
1. lie /laɪ/
解析:don’t后接动词原形lie 说谎。
句意:不要对真心待你的任何人说谎。
2. understand /ˌʌndəˈstænd/
解析:understand 理解。
句意:很难理解为什么他选择结束我们亲密的友谊。
3. friendship /ˈfrendʃɪp/
解析:friendship友谊。
句意:真正的友谊需要双方彼此信任与关怀。
4. brave;danger /breɪv/;/ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/
解析:be brave足够勇敢;kinds of danger各种各样危险。
句意:要足够勇敢,去面对日常生活中各式各样的危险。
5. bit;schoolwork /bɪt/;/ˈskuːlwɜːk/
解析:a bit 一点儿;schoolwork学业,功课。
句意:做完一大堆繁重的功课之后,我感到有点累。
6. listener /ˈlɪsənə(r)/
解析:listener倾听者。
句意:有礼貌的倾听者,会在你分享故事的时候轻轻点头。
7. honest /ˈɒnɪst/
解析:honest诚实的。
句意:对你信任的朋友说出你的真实想法,这是诚实的表现。
8. teenager /ˈtiːneɪdʒə(r)/
解析:teenager青少年。
句意:每一位青少年都期盼在校找到值得信赖的朋友。
9. fight /faɪt/
解析:fight with sb 和……打架;do not后接动词原形。
句意:不要因为小小的分歧就和同学打架。
10. encourages;badminton /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒɪz/;/ˈbædmɪntən/
解析:主语PE teacher三单,encourages鼓励;play badminton打羽毛球。
句意:体育老师鼓励我们课后打羽毛球。
11. Once /wʌns/
解析:once一旦,句首大写。
句意:一旦你违背承诺,其他人就很难再相信你。
12. carefully /ˈkeəfəli/
解析:副词carefully修饰动词listen。
句意:当朋友向你倾诉烦恼,你需要仔细聆听。
13. shame /ʃeɪm/
解析:a great shame 一大憾事。
句意:因为几句玩笑,失去值得信赖的朋友,是一件非常遗憾的事。
14. patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/
解析:patient有耐心的形容词修饰girl。
句意:她是一个很有耐心的女孩,很少对吵闹同学发脾气。
15. humour /ˈhjuːmə(r)/
解析:humour名词幽默。
句意:拥有幽默感的人,可以轻易让不开心的伙伴振作起来。
16. unhappy /ʌnˈhæpi/
解析:unhappy不开心的。
句意:好朋友打破周末计划,我感到有点不开心。
17. height /haɪt/
解析:height名词身高。
句意:我朋友的身高让她得以加入校体育社团。
18. thoughtful /ˈθɔːtfl/
解析:thoughtful体贴的。
句意:你为我保守秘密,还在我难过时安慰我,你真体贴。
19. scared /skeəd/
解析:feel scared感到害怕。
句意:晚自习结束独自回家的时候,我感到害怕。
20. truth /truːθ/
解析:truth事实,真相。
句意:性格活跃的青少年通常拥有更多挚友,这是一个事实。
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译林版新教材八年级上册英语Unit 1 Friendship
单元重点词汇专项训练100题
班级:________ 姓名:________ 得分:________
一、根据括号内中文提示补全句子(每小题1分,计30分)
1. Don’t stay ________(不开心的)when your friend makes new pals in the club.
2. You shouldn’t ________(打斗)with others because of small disagreements.
3. Be ________(体贴的)for your roommates when they are having a hard time.
4. A single ________(秒)is too short for you to finish this difficult word exercise.
5. Playing ________(羽毛球)is my favourite sport together with my close friend.
6. She writes down all her personal ________(秘密)inside her blue notebook.
7. It is bad manners to tell ________(谎话)to the people who believe in you.
8. It is a ________(事实)that real friendship needs honest communication.
9. Could you please speak more ________(仔细地)? I can’t follow your speech.
10. That big old tree is ________(枯死的), so no birds will build nests on its branches.
11. Our head teacher ________(鼓励)us to take more outdoor sports in our free time.
12. At the beginning, I felt ________(害怕的)to show my weak points to my classmates.
13. Each ________(青少年)hopes to find someone he can trust to share feelings.
14. Never ________(面对)your worries all by yourself; you may ask your pals for help.
15. A ________(幽默的)student is always welcome among his classmates.
16. Her great ________(身高)helps her become a member of the school basketball team.
17. One of my best friends is ________(离开的)for another city and I miss her a lot.
18. The boy is very ________(精力充沛的)and takes part in many after‑school activities.
19. You shouldn’t get ________(更差的)grades just because you argued with your good friend.
20. Everyone respects him because he is ________(诚实的)and never tells untrue stories.
21. Many students get ________(厌倦的)of doing too much repeated homework every day.
22. A ________(勇敢的)teenager will not run away when he meets difficulties.
23. He takes the front ________(座位)so that he can listen to the teacher more clearly.
24. Her short black ________(马尾辫)makes her look quite special in our grade.
25. ________(然而), I still choose to trust him even though he made a big mistake.
26. When you feel upset, you need a ________(有耐心的)person to listen to you.
27. He often tells funny ________(笑话)to cheer up his sad classmates.
28. My deskmate has a good sense of ________(幽默)and makes our class full of joy.
29. You can safely ________(相信)your real friends no matter what trouble you meet.
30. It is really hard for me to ________(理解)why he gave up our friendship so easily.
二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空(每小题1分,计30分)
1. If you write ________ (care), you will make fewer spelling mistakes in your composition.
2. True ________ (friend) can stand all kinds of difficulties in our daily life.
3. She keeps ________ (secret) for every one of her good pals in the class.
4. It is ________ (think) of you to give me comfort when I failed the sports match.
5. As soon as he ________ (know) the whole story, he will feel very upset.
6. We all like her ________ (cheer) look whenever we meet her at school.
7. This is the ________ (bad) experience I have ever had with my deskmate.
8. Don’t be ________ (scare) of sharing your true feelings with your teachers.
9. Too much heavy ________ (schoolwork) brings much pressure for many teenagers.
10. My English teacher encourages me ________ (join) the badminton group after class.
11. The little girl laughed ________ (loud) after hearing the funny joke.
12. Every ________ (teenage) has different worries about getting on with classmates.
13. We hope ________ (get) on well with every student in our new class.
14. Being ________ (care) towards others helps you make more close friends.
15. He ________ (nod) his head to show he agreed with my suggestion just now.
16. You shouldn’t be afraid of ________ (tell) the truth to your close friends.
17. His ________ (high) stops him from taking part in the school volleyball team.
18. The young kid is in ________ (dangerous), so we must offer help right away.
19. It is very dangerous ________ (fight) with other teenagers in public places.
20. I feel a little ________ (worry) about the coming oral English competition.
21. An ________ (act) teenager can easily develop many good relationships at school.
22. Good ________ (listen) are good at keeping their friends’ personal secrets.
23. The ________ (die) tree leaves on the ground show that autumn has arrived.
24. There is a ________ (fun) short story about friendship in our English textbook.
25. ________ (humour) teenagers are able to create a relaxing talking environment.
26. She is so ________ (trust) that lots of students would like to make friends with her.
27. Never tell ________ (lie) if you hope other people can believe you.
28. His ________ (energy) voice always makes the whole class active and lively.
29. It is quite normal ________ (feel) upset when you lose your trusted friend.
30. We should learn ________ (understand) different feelings from our classmates.
三、根据首字母提示完成句子(每小题1分,计20分)
1. I felt s________ when I walked alone along the quiet dark street at night.
2. A h________ student will never cheat during any of his school exams.
3. Please do not tell my s________ to anybody else, you are my most trusted friend.
4. It is t________ of you to prepare hot drinks for your tired deskmate.
5. F________ among teenagers needs trust as well as patience.
6. Never f________ with your classmates; talking can solve problems much better.
7. O________ you lose your friend’s trust, you will spend much time getting it back.
8. His lovely little pet dog is d________, and he keeps crying these days.
9. My favourite sport is b________, I play it together with my pal every weekend.
10. You need lots of p________ when your friends share their sad stories with you.
11. A good l________ will never cut in when other people are talking about their troubles.
12. It’s w________ to break a long‑time friendship just because of a small quarrel.
13. Her short p________ makes her look quiet and gentle in our class.
14. Please write all your t________ down on your paper before handing in your exercise.
15. Every student must sit in his own s________ and keep quiet in class.
16. Our class teacher e________ us to be honest and kind to every classmate.
17. One of my old pals is g________ to another city and I miss him very much.
18. He has a wonderful s________ of humour and brings joy to our whole class.
19. I get a little b________ when I do plenty of easy and repeated exercise sheets.
20. We should face d________ bravely instead of trying to run away from it.
四、根据句意及音标填空(每小题1分,计20分)
1. Don’t ________ /laɪ/ to anyone who treats you with true sincerity.
2. It is difficult to ________ /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ why he chose to end our close friendship.
3. True ________ /ˈfrendʃɪp/ needs trust and care from both sides of two people.
4. Be ________ /breɪv/ enough to face different kinds of ________ /ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/ in daily life.
5. I feel a ________ /bɪt/ tired after finishing piles of heavy ________ /ˈskuːlwɜːk/.
6. A polite ________ /ˈlɪsənə(r)/ will nod gently when you share your own stories.
7. It’s ________ /ˈɒnɪst/ to tell your real thoughts to your trusted friends.
8. Every ________ /ˈtiːneɪdʒə(r)/ expects to find a reliable friend at school.
9. Do not ________ /faɪt/ with classmates just because of tiny differences.
10. Our PE teacher ________ /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒɪz/ us to play ________ /ˈbædmɪntən/ after school.
11. ________ /wʌns/ you break your promise, others will hardly believe you any more.
12. You need to listen ________ /ˈkeəfəli/ while your friends talk about their worries.
13. It is a great ________ /ʃeɪm/ to lose your trusted friend just because of silly jokes.
14. She is a ________ /ˈpeɪʃnt/ girl and seldom gets angry with noisy classmates.
15. A man with good ________ /ˈhjuːmə(r)/ can easily cheer up his upset partners.
16. I feel a little ________ /ʌnˈhæpi/ because my good friend broke our weekend plan.
17. The ________ /haɪt/ of my friend helps her join the school sports club.
18. It’s ________ /ˈθɔːtfl/ of you to keep my secret and comfort me when I feel upset.
19. I feel ________ /skeəd/ when I go back home alone after evening self‑study.
20. It is a ________ /truːθ/ that active teenagers usually have more close friends.
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