Unit 1 Friendship 重点词汇专项练习2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册

译林版八年级上册重点词汇专项练习 Unit 1 Friendship 单元核心考点梳理 核心主题：朋友品质、友谊特质、人际交往、性格描述、交友原则 核心词汇：friend, friendship, friendly, honest, humourous, generous, polite, helpful, patient, shy, smart, choose, trust, share, lie, joke, smile, secret, worry 核心词形变形（必考）：friend→friendly→friendship；honest→honesty→dishonest；humour→humourous；care→careful/careless；cheer→cheerful；use→useful/useless；patient→impatient 核心语法&易错点：形容词比较级/最高级；-ful/-less后缀辨析；形容词修饰人/物；固定搭配；动词固定句型；否定前缀in-/dis-用法 核心短语：share with, keep a secret, tell lies, cheer sb up, be generous to, be patient with, be honest with, make friends with 单元高频易错总结 1.词形易错：区分ful（积极）/less（消极）后缀；in/dis否定前缀形容词变形； 2.搭配易错：be friendly/generous/patient/honest with/to 介词混用高频丢分； 3.句型易错：make sb. adj.、keep doing、learn to do、one of+最高级固定结构； 4.词性易错：friend（朋友）/friendly（友好的）/friendship（友谊）三者词性词义区分； 5.时态易错：单数主语谓语三单变形、形容词比较级最高级变形规则。 一、重点单词词性转换（20个） 根据提示写出单词对应词性变形（名词/动词/形容词/副词/比较级/最高级/反义词） 1. friend (n. 朋友) → ________ (adj. 友好的) 2. friend (n. 朋友) → ________ (n. 友谊) 3. honest (adj. 诚实的) → ________ (n. 诚实；正直) 4. honest (adj.) → ________ (adj. 不诚实的，反义词) 5. humour (n. 幽默) → ________ (adj. 幽默的) 6. care (v./n. 关心) → ________ (adj. 细心的) 7. care (v./n. 关心) → ________ (adj. 粗心的) 8. cheer (v. 欢呼) → ________ (adj. 快乐的；开朗的) 9. use (v. 使用) → ________ (adj. 有用的) 10. use (v. 使用) → ________ (adj. 无用的) 11. patient (adj. 耐心的) → ________ (adj. 不耐烦的，反义词) 12. generous (adj. 慷慨的) → ________ (比较级) 13. polite (adj. 礼貌的) → ________ (反义词 不礼貌的) 14. help (v. 帮助) → ________ (adj. 乐于助人的) 15. joy (n. 快乐) → ________ (adj. 快乐的) 16. worry (v. 担心) → ________ (adj. 令人担忧的) 17. shy (adj. 害羞的) → ________ (n. 害羞) 18. true (adj. 真实的) → ________ (adv. 真实地；真诚地) 19. choose (v. 选择) → ________ (n. 选择) 20. improve (v. 改善) → ________ (n. 改善；提高) 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（30道） 用括号内单词的正确形式填空，重点考查词性转换、比较等级、时态、固定搭配、主谓一致 1. My deskmate is very ________ (friend) to everyone around her. 2. True ________ (friend) is more important than money. 3. We should be ________ (honest) with our friends at all times. 4. No one likes ________ (honest) and selfish people. 5. He is a ________ (humour) boy and always makes us laugh. 6. Be ________ (care) with your words when talking with friends. 7. He is too ________ (care) to pass the exam again. 8. A ________ (cheer) friend can always cheer you up. 9. This book is very ________ (use) for your English study. 10. It is ________ (use) to cry when you make mistakes. 11. My mother is ________ (patient) with me when I ask questions again and again. 12. He is ________ (generous) than his brother. 13. It is ________ (polite) to laugh at others in trouble. 14. She is a ________ (help) girl and always helps classmates. 15. We feel ________ (joy) when we stay with good friends. 16. Don’t be ________ (worry) about your study. I can help you. 17. It’s ________ (shy) of her to speak in front of people. 18. We should choose friends ________ (true) from our heart. 19. Making a good ________ (choose) is important for us. 20. Friendship needs time and ________ (improve). 21. He never tells ________ (lie) to his parents and friends. 22. She is good at telling funny ________ (joke). 23. Keep ________ (smile), and you will have more friends. 24. It’s important ________ (keep) secrets for your friends. 25. Sharing things with others makes us ________ (happy). 26. Good friends should be ________ (trust). 27. He is one of the ________ (good) friends in my life. 28. Nothing is ________ (important) than true friendship. 29. We should learn ________ (share) our happiness and sadness. 30. A patient person is always ________ (popular) than a rude one. 三、根据首字母提示补全单词（30道） 根据句意及首字母提示，补全单元核心单词，每空一词，聚焦人物品质与友谊主题 1. We should be f________ and kind to all our classmates. 2. True f________ can last forever. 3. An h________ person never tells lies. 4. My best friend is h________ and he often tells funny stories. 5. Be c________ not to hurt your friends’ feelings. 6. Don’t be c________, or you will make silly mistakes. 7. A c________ mood can help us make more friends. 8. This method is very u________ for your English learning. 9. Don’t be i________ when others speak slowly. 10. He is g________ and always shares his things with others. 11. It’s i________ to talk loudly in the library. 12. She is a h________ student and always helps others. 13. Good friends bring us much j________ and warmth. 14. Don’t w________ too much about small things. 15. The little girl is s________ and afraid of talking to strangers. 16. We should t________ our true friends. 17. It’s rude to tell l________ to people. 18. My deskmate likes telling j________ to make us happy. 19. Always s________ at others, and you will be popular. 20. Good friends can keep s________ for each other. 21. We need to c________ our friends carefully. 22. We should i________ our relationship with classmates. 23. Being p________ is a good quality for everyone. 24. We should be t________ to our best friends. 25. He is very s________ and learns everything quickly. 26. Friends should s________ happiness and sadness together. 27. A good friend can c________ you up when you are sad. 28. We should be h________ with everyone around us. 29. Good q________ make a person popular. 30. Friendship is very v________ in our life. 四、根据中文提示补全句子（30道） 根据括号内中文句意补全句子，每空一词，精准考查单元固定搭配与核心句型 1. We should ________ ________ (对……友好) all people. 2. ________ ________ (说实话), I don’t like selfish people. 3. A true friend never ________ ________ (说谎) to you. 4. We should learn to ________ ________ (分享) our friends. 5. Good friends can ________ you ________ (使你振作) when you are upset. 6. He is ________ ________ (慷慨的) all his classmates. 7. Teachers are always ________ ________ (耐心的) every student. 8. We must ________ ________ (保守秘密) for our friends. 9. It’s important to ________ ________ (与……交朋友) honest people. 10. We should ________ ________ (诚实对待) our parents and friends. 11. Humorous people always ________ ________ (让我们开心). 12. Don’t ________ ________ (担心) your study. I will help you. 13. True friendship can ________ ________ (持续很久). 14. We should have many good ________ ________ (个人品质). 15. He is ________ ________ (乐于助人的) and popular at school. 16. Being careless is ________ ________ (无用的) for your study. 17. We need to be ________ ________ (细心的) with our homework. 18. A cheerful person always brings ________ ________ (快乐与温暖). 19. We should ________ ________ (信任) our true friends. 20. It’s ________ ________ (不礼貌的) to cheat friends. 21. We should ________ ________ (改善) our interpersonal relationship. 22. Good friends can ________ ________ (互相帮助). 23. Never ________ ________ (放弃) true friendship easily. 24. We should learn ________ ________ (如何选择) good friends. 25. Honesty is the ________ ________ (最重要的品质). 26. Friends should ________ ________ (彼此关心). 27. A good friend is a ________ ________ (珍贵的礼物) in life. 28. We should keep a ________ ________ (微笑) on our face every day. 29. Sharing is the ________ ________ (真谛) of friendship. 30. Good friends make our life ________ ________ (更精彩). 参考答案+逐题详细解析 一、重点单词词性转换（20个） 1. friendly 2. friendship 3. honesty 4. dishonest 5. humorous 6. careful 7. careless 8. cheerful 9. useful 10. useless 11.impatient 12.more generous 13. impolite 14. helpful 15. joyful 16. worrying 17. shyness 18. truly 19. choice 20. improvement 核心解析：全覆盖单元必考词族变形，重点考查ful/less正反形容词后缀、in/dis否定前缀、名词形容词副词互换、形容词比较级，为八上核心语法考点。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（30道） 1. friendly 【解析】be friendly to sb. 对某人友好，固定搭配 2. friendship 【解析】形容词true后接名词作主语，友谊 3. honest 【解析】be honest with sb. 对某人坦诚 4. dishonest 【解析】没人喜欢不诚实自私的人，用honest反义词 5. humorous 【解析】形容词修饰名词boy，幽默的 6. careful 【解析】be careful with 小心对待…… 7. careless 【解析】too+adj.，太粗心导致考试失利 8. cheerful 【解析】形容词修饰名词friend，开朗快乐的 9. useful 【解析】be useful for 对……有用 10. useless 【解析】犯错后哭泣是无用的，用反义词 11. patient 【解析】be patient with 对……有耐心 12. more generous 【解析】than提示形容词比较级 13. impolite 【解析】嘲笑困境中的人是不礼貌的 14. helpful 【解析】乐于助人的，形容词修饰人物 15. joyful 【解析】feel后接形容词作表语 16. worried 【解析】be worried about 担心……固定搭配 17. shy 【解析】It’s + adj. + of sb. to do 固定句型 18. truly 【解析】副词修饰动词choose，真诚地选择 19. choice 【解析】a后接名词单数，make a choice 做选择 20. improvement 【解析】time and后接并列名词，成长与进步 21. lies 【解析】tell lies 说谎，固定复数搭配 22. jokes 【解析】tell jokes 讲笑话，泛指用复数 23. smiling 【解析】keep doing sth. 持续做某事 24. to keep 【解析】It’s important to do sth. 做某事很重要 25. happier 【解析】分享让我们更快乐，暗含比较含义 26. trustworthy 【解析】朋友值得被信任，形容词作表语 27. best 【解析】one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词 28. more important 【解析】than提示比较级，多音节词加more 29. to share 【解析】learn to do sth. 学习做某事 30. more popular 【解析】than引导比较级，更受欢迎 三、根据首字母提示补全单词（30道） 1. friendly 2. friendship 3. honest 4. humorous 5. careful 6. careless 7. cheerful 8. useful 9. impatient 10. generous 11. impolite 12. helpful 13. joy 14. worry 15. shy 16. trust 17. lies 18. jokes 19. smile 20. secrets 21. choose 22. improve 23. patient 24. true 25. smart 26. share 27. cheer 28. honest 29. qualities 30. valuable 核心解析：全部为单元课本核心词汇，聚焦人物性格、交友品质、友谊内涵三大主题，结合固定语境、词性用法考查单词拼写，覆盖基础与易错词汇。 四、根据中文提示补全句子（30道） 1. be friendly to 【解析】情态动词should后接动词原形，固定短语 2. To be honest 【解析】说实话，单元高频插入语，句首大写 3. tells lies 【解析】主语单数，一般现在时三单变形 4. share with 【解析】share with sb. 和某人分享 5. cheer; up 【解析】cheer sb. up 使某人振作、开心 6. generous to 【解析】be generous to sb. 对某人大方慷慨 7. patient with 【解析】be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心 8. keep secrets 【解析】keep secrets for sb. 为某人保密 9. make friends with 【解析】与某人交朋友，固定短语 10. be honest with 【解析】坦诚对待身边人，单元核心搭配 11. make us happy 【解析】make sb. + adj. 使某人怎么样 12. worry about 【解析】don’t后接动词原形，担心 13. last long 【解析】持续很久，贴合友谊主题 14. personal qualities 【解析】个人品质，复数泛指各类品质 15. helpful and kind 【解析】乐于助人的，并列形容词 16. useless 【解析】无用的，考查less后缀词汇 17. careful enough 【解析】足够细心，贴合学习语境 18. joy and warmth 【解析】快乐与温暖，并列名词短语 19. trust in 【解析】信任他人，固定搭配 20. impolite and wrong 【解析】不礼貌的，否定前缀词汇 21. improve greatly 【解析】改善人际关系，动词固定用法 22. help each other 【解析】互相帮助，交友核心句型 23. give up 【解析】放弃，固定动词短语 24. to choose 【解析】how to do 疑问词+不定式结构 25. most important quality 【解析】最高级用法，最重要的品质 26. care for each other 【解析】彼此关心，友谊核心短语 27. precious gift 【解析】珍贵的礼物，贴合主题语境 28. big smile 【解析】保持微笑，固定名词搭配 29. true meaning 【解析】真谛、真正内涵 30. more wonderful 【解析】比较级，让生活更精彩 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $