Unit 1 Friendship 单元重点词汇及词性转换练习100题 - 2026-2027学年译林版八年级上册英语

**基本信息** 聚焦Unit 1 Friendship核心词汇，通过四模块渐进式训练强化词汇记忆、词性转换及语境应用，系统性提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |中文提示补全句子|30题（如“谎话”“精力充沛的”）|汉译英词汇应用|基础词汇记忆，建立中英对应关系| |单词形式填空|30题（如friend→friendship）|词性转换（名/形/副/动等）|词形变化规则，强化语法应用能力| |首字母提示填空|20题（如F________ needs honesty）|语境中词汇拼写|语境理解与词汇迁移，培养逻辑推断| |音标填空|20题（如/ˈfrendʃɪp/）|发音与拼写对应|音形结合能力，夯实词汇记忆基础|

参考答案+逐题详细解析 一、根据中文提示补全句子（30题） 1. lies 解析：固定搭配tell lies 说谎，复数表泛指各类谎话。 2. energetic 解析：形容词修饰名词boy，energetic 精力充沛的，an后接元音开头形容词。 3. thoughtful 解析：系动词be后接形容词作表语，thoughtful 体贴关心他人的。 4. honest 解析：an后接元音开头形容词，honest 诚实的，贴合人物品质主题。 5. truth 解析：不定冠词a后接单数名词，truth 事实、真相。 6. unhappy 解析：feel为系动词，后接形容词作表语，unhappy 不开心的。 7. secrets 解析：all后接可数名词复数，keep secrets 保守秘密。 8. humour 解析：固定搭配sense of humour 幽默感，不可数名词。 9. teenager 解析：every后接单数可数名词，teenager 青少年。 10. carefully 解析：副词修饰动词speak，careful形容词，carefully 仔细地。 11. patient 解析：形容词修饰名词listener，patient 有耐心的。 12. face 解析：情态动词can’t后接动词原形，face 面对。 13. encourages 解析：主语teacher是单数，一般现在时谓语动词变三单encourages。 14. badminton 解析：球类运动固定搭配play badminton，零冠词。 15. height 解析：形容词性物主代词the后接名词，high形容词，height名词身高。 16. bored 解析：feel bored 感到厌倦，-ed形容词修饰人。 17. However 解析：转折副词however 然而，句首首字母必须大写。 18. humorous 解析：形容词修饰名词classmate，humorous 幽默的。 19. fight 解析：Don’t后接动词原形，fight with sb 和某人打架。 20. seat 解析：front为定语，the front seat 前排座位，单数。 21. second 解析：sec. 是second的缩写，one后接单数名词second 秒。 22. worse 解析：bad的比较级worse 更差的，隐含和之前成绩对比。 23. scared 解析：系动词was后接形容词，feel/be scared 感到害怕。 24. dead 解析：形容词作表语，dead 枯死的、死去的，die是动词。 25. gone 解析：be gone 固定表达，离开的、不在此地的。 26. brave 解析：形容词修饰person，brave 勇敢的。 27. understand 解析：固定句型it’s + adj. to do sth，to后接动词原形understand。 28. ponytail 解析：long修饰单数名词，ponytail 马尾辫。 29. believe 解析：情态动词can后接动词原形，believe 相信。 30. jokes 解析：silly后接可数名词复数，tell jokes 讲笑话。 二、用括号内单词正确形式填空（30题） 1. friendship 解析：形容词real修饰名词，friend是人，friendship 友谊。 2. cheerful 解析：形容词修饰名词smile，cheer动词，cheerful 快乐的。 3. thoughtful 解析：固定句型It’s + adj. of sb to do sth，thoughtful 体贴的。 4. telling 解析：固定搭配be afraid of doing sth，介词of后接动名词。 5. teenagers 解析：every后本可单数，但此处表全体青少年用复数teenagers。 6. loudly 解析：副词修饰动词laughed，loud副词侧重音量，loudly更通用。 7. caring 解析：be动词后接形容词作表语，caring 关心他人的。 8. carefully 解析：副词修饰动词write，carefully 仔细地。 9. worst 解析：I have ever had 是最高级标志，bad最高级worst 最差的。 10. to join 解析：固定搭配encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事。 11. schoolwork 解析：schoolwork 学校作业，不可数名词，无复数。 12. height 解析：形容词性物主代词his后接名词，high变名词height身高。 13. to fight 解析：固定句型It’s + adj. to do sth，不定式作句子真正主语。 14. knows 解析：once引导条件状语从句，主将从现；主语he三单，动词变knows。 15. listeners 解析：谓语动词know是原形，主语为复数，listener复数listeners 倾听者。 16. nodded 解析：just now 刚才，一般过去时，nod过去式nodded。 17. worried 解析：固定搭配feel worried about 为……担忧。 18. dead 解析：形容词修饰名词leaves，die动词，dead 枯萎的、死去的。 19. scared 解析：固定搭配be scared of 害怕……。 20. energetic 解析：形容词修饰名词voice，energy名词，energetic 精力充沛的。 21. secrets 解析：固定搭配keep secrets 保守秘密，all后接复数。 22. danger 解析：固定搭配in danger 处于危险中，dangerous是形容词。 23. to get 解析：固定搭配hope to do sth 希望做某事。 24. active 解析：形容词修饰student，active 积极活跃的，元音开头用an。 25. funny 解析：形容词修饰名词cartoon，fun名词，funny 好笑的。 26. trustworthy 解析：be动词后接形容词作表语，trust动词，trustworthy 值得信赖的。 27. to feel 解析：固定句型It’s normal to do sth，不定式作真正主语。 28. Humorous 解析：形容词修饰people，句首单词首字母大写，humorous 幽默的。 29. lies 解析：固定搭配tell lies 说谎，复数表泛指。 30. to understand 解析：固定搭配learn to do sth 学习做某事。 三、根据首字母提示完成句子（20题） 1. Friendship 解析：名词作句子主语，单元核心主题词友谊，句首大写。 2. honest 解析：后文never cheat 不作弊提示诚实，形容词修饰student。 3. ponytail 解析：long修饰外貌名词ponytail 马尾辫。 4. fight 解析：Don’t后接动词原形，fight with sb 和某人争吵打斗。 5. scared 解析：dark road 漆黑小路提示内心害怕，feel后接形容词scared。 6. patience 解析：plenty of后接名词，patience 耐心，倾听悲伤故事需要耐心。 7. listener 解析：后文不打断他人说话提示listener 倾听者。 8. Once 解析：连词once 一旦，引导条件状语从句，句首大写。 9. thoughtful 解析：固定句式It’s thoughtful of you to do，形容人行为体贴。 10. danger 解析：face后接名词，escape from it 逃离它提示danger 危险。 11. dead 解析：宠物离世所以哭泣，dead 死去的，形容词作表语。 12. badminton 解析：sport提示球类运动badminton 羽毛球。 13. encourages 解析：主语head teacher单数，一般现在时三单，encourage sb to do。 14. wise 解析：句意：因为小事结束长久友谊是不明智的，wise 明智的。 15. thoughts 解析：作业前写下自己的想法，all后接复数名词thoughts 想法。 16. sense 解析：固定搭配a sense of humour 幽默感。 17. bored 解析：重复简单习题让人感到乏味，feel bored 厌倦的。 18. seats 解析：their own 各自的，后接复数名词seats 座位。 19. gone 解析：be gone 离开、去往别处，后文想念对方提示词义。 20. secret 解析：不要把我的秘密告诉别人，secret 秘密，单数。 四、根据音标填空（20题） 1. friendship 解析：音标/ˈfrendʃɪp/，名词友谊，单元核心主题词。 2. honest 解析：音标/ˈɒnɪst/，形容词诚实的，对应不撒谎语境。 3. humour 解析：音标/ˈhjuːmə(r)/，名词幽默，搭配sense of humour。 4. unhappy 解析：音标/ʌnˈhæpi/，形容词不开心的，忘记约定导致失落。 5. lie 解析：音标/laɪ/，Don’t后接动词原形lie 撒谎。 6. teenager 解析：音标/ˈtiːneɪdʒə(r)/，名词青少年，every后接单数。 7. carefully 解析：音标/ˈkeəfəli/，副词修饰动词listen，仔细倾听。 8. understand 解析：音标/ˌʌndəˈstænd/，it’s hard to后接动词原形，理解。 9. bit; schoolwork 解析：/bɪt/ 固定短语a little bit 有点儿；/ˈskuːlwɜːk/ 学校作业，不可数。 10. encourages; badminton 解析：/ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒɪz/ 主语teacher三单；/ˈbædmɪntən/ 羽毛球运动。 11. fight 解析：音标/faɪt/，Don’t后接动词原形fight 争执、打斗。 12. brave; danger 解析：/breɪv/ 形容词勇敢的；/ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/ 名词危险。 13. listener 解析：音标/ˈlɪsənə(r)/，名词倾听者，点头倾听的人。 14. Once 解析：音标/wʌns/，连词一旦，句首首字母大写。 15. patient 解析：音标/ˈpeɪʃnt/，形容词有耐心的，从不发火提示词义。 16. thoughtful 解析：音标/ˈθɔːtfl/，形容词体贴的，保守秘密、安慰他人对应词义。 17. height 解析：音标/haɪt/，名词身高，适合运动队提示身高条件。 18. scared 解析：音标/skeəd/，形容词害怕的，独自走夜路感到恐惧。 19. truth 解析：音标/truːθ/，名词事实、真相。 20. shame 解析：音标/ʃeɪm/，名词遗憾、憾事，失去挚友是一件可惜的事。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 译林版新教材八年级上册英语Unit 1 Friendship 单元重点词汇及词性转换练习100题 一、根据括号内中文提示补全句子（每小题1分，计30分） 1. It’s rude to tell ________ (谎话) to your closest friends. 2. My deskmate is an ________ (精力充沛的) boy who never feels tired after PE class. 3. You should be ________ (体贴的) to your friends when they meet trouble. 4. We all admire her because she is ________ (诚实的) and never hides anything. 5. It’s a ________ (事实) that good friendship needs communication. 6. Don’t feel ________ (不开心的) just because your friend has new classmates. 7. I keep all my private ________ (秘密) in my pink notebook. 8. He has a good sense of ________ (幽默) and cheers everyone up. 9. Every ________ (青少年) needs a trustworthy friend to share feelings. 10. Could you speak more ________ (仔细地)? I can’t catch your words. 11. We need a ________ (有耐心的) listener when we feel upset. 12. Don’t ________ (面对) your trouble alone; you can turn to your friends. 13. My PE teacher ________ (鼓励) us to take exercise after school every day. 14. Playing ________ (羽毛球) is my favourite activity with my best friend. 15. The ________ (身高) of this girl makes her suitable for the school volleyball team. 16. I feel a little ________ (厌倦的) with too much daily schoolwork. 17. ________ (然而), I still choose to trust him though he made a mistake. 18. A ________ (幽默的) classmate is always popular among students. 19. Don’t ________ (打斗) with your classmates over tiny disagreements. 20. She sits in the front ________ (座位) so she can communicate with teachers easily. 21. One ________ (秒) is not enough for me to finish this hard word test. 22. It’s silly to get ________ (更差的) marks just because you argue with your friend. 23. I was ________ (害怕的) to share my weak points with others at first. 24. This old tree is ________ (枯死的), so no birds will stay on its branches. 25. My best friend is ________ (离开的) to another city, and I miss her very much. 26. A ________ (勇敢的) person will never run away from danger. 27. It is hard for me to ________ (理解) why he broke our friendship easily. 28. Her long black ________ (马尾辫) makes her look different in our grade. 29. You can ________ (相信) your true friends no matter what happens. 30. He always tells silly ________ (笑话) to make his sad friends laugh. 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。（每小题1分，计30分） 1. Real ________ (friend) stands the test of time and trouble. 2. We all love her ________ (cheer) smile every morning. 3. It’s ________ (think) of you to comfort me when I failed the exam. 4. Don’t be afraid of ________ (tell) the truth to your teachers. 5. Every ________ (teenage) has different worries about friendship. 6. The boy laughed ________ (loud) after hearing the funny story. 7. Being ________ (care) to others helps you make more friends. 8. If you write ________ (care), you will get fewer spelling mistakes. 9. This is the ________ (bad) experience I have ever had with my friend. 10. My teacher encourages me ________ (join) the badminton club with my deskmate. 11. Too much heavy ________ (schoolwork) makes lots of students bored. 12. His ________ (high) stops him from joining the basketball team. 13. It’s dangerous ________ (fight) with strangers on the street after school. 14. Once he ________ (know) the truth, he will feel very upset. 15. Good ________ (listen) know how to keep their friends’ secrets. 16. He ________ (nod) his head to show he agreed with my opinion just now. 17. I feel a little bit ________ (worry) about my coming English test. 18. The ________ (die) leaves on the ground tell us autumn is coming. 19. Don’t be ________ (scare) of talking about your feelings with your parents. 20. His ________ (energy) voice always cheers up the whole class. 21. She keeps ________ (secret) for all her close classmates. 22. The little boy is in ________ (dangerous), so we must help him at once. 23. We hope ________ (get) along well with everyone in our class. 24. An ________ (act) student can always find lots of good friends. 25. There is a ________ (fun) cartoon about friendship in our textbook. 26. She is so ________ (trust) that all students want to make friends with her. 27. It’s normal ________ (feel) sad when you lose your best friend. 28. ________ (humour) people can always create a relaxing talking environment. 29. Don’t tell ________ (lie) if you want others to believe you. 30. We should learn ________ (understand) different people’s feelings. 三、根据首字母提示完成句子。（每小题1分，计20分） 1. F________ between teenagers needs honesty and patience. 2. A h________ student will never cheat in any school test. 3. Her long p________ makes her look gentle and quiet. 4. Don’t f________ with your roommates; communication solves problems better. 5. I felt s________ when I walked through the quiet dark road alone. 6. You need plenty of p________ when listening to your friends’ sad stories. 7. A good l________ never cuts in while others share their feelings. 8. O________ you lose your friend’s trust, it takes long to win it back. 9. It is t________ of you to prepare warm water for your tired deskmate. 10. We should face d________ bravely instead of escaping from it. 11. His lovely pet dog is d________, and he cries every night these days. 12. My favourite sport is b________, and I play it with my friend every weekend. 13. Our head teacher e________ us to be kind and honest to all classmates. 14. It’s w________ to end a long friendship over a small silly quarrel. 15. Write down all your t________ on the paper before you hand in your homework. 16. He has a great s________ of humour and makes our class full of joy. 17. I feel a little b________ with the repeated easy exercise papers. 18. All students must sit on their own s________ in class and keep quiet. 19. My old friend is g________ to a new town, and I miss her every day. 20. Don’t share my s________ with others, I only tell it to you as my best friend. 四、根据句意及音标填空。（每小题1分，计20分） 1. True ________/ˈfrendʃɪp/ requires trust and care from both sides. 2. It’s ________/ˈɒnɪst/ to tell your friends everything instead of lying. 3. A person with rich ________/ˈhjuːmə(r)/ can cheer up unhappy partners easily. 4. I feel a little________ /ʌnˈhæpi/ because my friend forgot our plan. 5. Don’t ________/laɪ/ to anyone who treats you sincerely. 6. Every ________/ˈtiːneɪdʒə(r)/ wants to find a reliable friend at school. 7. You need to listen ________/ˈkeəfəli/ when your friends talk about troubles. 8. It’s hard to ________/ˌʌndəˈstænd/ why he chose to break our friendship. 9. I feel a________ /bɪt/ tired after finishing all heavy________ /ˈskuːlwɜːk/. 10. Our PE teacher ________/ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒɪz/ us to play ________/ˈbædmɪntən/ after class. 11. Don’t________ /faɪt/ with your classmates because of small differences. 12. Be ________/breɪv/ enough to face all kinds of________ /ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/ in daily life. 13. A polite________ /ˈlɪsənə(r)/ will nod softly when you talk about yourself. 14. ________/wʌns/ you break your promise, people will hardly believe you again. 15. She is a________ /ˈpeɪʃnt/ girl and never gets angry with noisy classmates. 16. It’s ________/ˈθɔːtfl/ of you to keep my secret and comfort me when I’m upset. 17. The ________/haɪt/ of my friend makes her join the school sports team. 18. I feel ________/skeəd/ when I go home alone after evening classes. 19. It is a ________/truːθ/ that active teenagers have more close friends. 20. It is a great ________/ʃeɪm/ to lose a trustworthy friend over silly jokes. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $