专题01 Units 1～2（词汇综合练）英语新教材沪教版（五四学制）八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦词汇与语法综合应用，通过分层训练提升语言能力，强化知识迁移与实际运用。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单词形式填空|20题|考查词形转换，涵盖名词复数、形容词、副词等|从基础词汇变形到语境应用，构建词形变化体系| |单词拼写|20题|根据汉语提示写单词，涉及核心词汇|强化词汇记忆与拼写准确性，夯实语言基础| |完成句子|10题|包含句型转换与汉译英，注重固定搭配|连接词汇与句法，培养语言表达能力| |语法选择|2篇短文20题|语篇形式考查语法知识，主题贴近生活|在语境中运用语法规则，提升语篇理解能力| |语法填空|2篇短文|结合提示词与语境填空，综合考查语法|从单句到语篇，层层递进培养语法应用能力|

专题01 Units 1~2（词汇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、用所给单词正确形式填空。 二、根据汉语意思写出单词。 三、完成句子。 四、语法选择 五、语法填空 一、用所给单词正确形式填空 1．There are many ________ in Jinshan. However, the air quality is still good there. (factory) 2．She found the work ________ and wanted to quit (离开) after six weeks. (bore) 3．The project should raise general ________ (aware) about bullying. 4．Lu Yao asked, “Shall we talk about how ________ water is?”（use） 5．Chemicals are needed for wastewater ________, which costs a lot of money. (treat) 6．Your suggestion is reasonable. I’ve ________ understood what you mean. (full) 7．Lin Dong will give us a ________ about protecting water. (present) 8．Though his speech was ________, he spread his idea to the public successfully. (direct) 9．The natural resources are ________, so we should never waste any. (limit) 10．The soup tastes a bit ________. Maybe you put too much salt in it. (salt) 11．Apple Store felt sorry for the ________ caused by using cash only. (convenient) 12．Alice received her broken takeaway order but she didn’t make a ________. (complain) 13．Fat and sugar are less ________ than fresh fruit and vegetables. (health) 14．The smart stick makes life easier for the ________. (able) 15．A moderate amount of stress can be ________, while too much stress can exhaust you. (benefit) 16．The engineer said that the main ________ of the project was the high cost. (advantage) 17．We moved on while the cloud ________ (spread) over the land. 18．The Internet makes it ________ (easy) for us to find information than before. 19．My brother wants to be a great ________ (science) in the future. 20．My brother is crazy about the ________ video game and plays it every day. (late) 二、单词拼写 21．Digital life’s ________ (优点) is easy access to online learning. 22．Shanghai has a large ________ (人口) because many people come here for jobs. 23．I got lost because I did not follow the ________ (方向) on the map carefully. 24．We can produce a lot of these sticks and help more ________ (失明的) people. 25．—What do you think of Siyang Ancient Yellow River Wetland Park? —In my ________ (看法，想法), it is well worth a visit. 26．One ________ (好处) of walking is to be in good shape. 27．Keep your personal information ________ (私密的) and protect your online account. 28．She asked for a second ________ (意见) from another doctor. 29．The man has ________ (警告) the children not to swim in the river for many times. 30．Look! The sun is shining in the ________ blue sky. (晴朗的) 31．The sun ________ (照耀) through the clouds and everything looked wonderful when we got to the top of Mount Taishan. 32．My friend always lends me a helping hand ________ (每当) I have problems. 33．The beauty of Taihu Lake is ________ (超出) words. 34．The twins didn’t go to bed ________ (直到) they finished reading the story. 35．Our science teacher says ______ (研究) needs patience and careful records. 36．They ________ (筹集) 20,000 yuan for the homeless boy yesterday. 37．I need to push my plan ________ (向前) to make my dream come true. 38．Mrs Lee was tired and ________ (口渴的) after shopping, so she went into a tea house. 39．Most students ________ (同意) that time is one of the most valuable things in the world. 40．—You mean iPhone is not as popular as it was as HUAWEI phones lead the market now? —That’s ________ (正是) the case. 三、完成句子 41．Peter will go shopping after he finishes his homework.（保持句意不变） Peter ________ go shopping ________ he finishes his homework. 42．We should not waste water. We should save every drop. (保持原句意思不变) We should save every drop ________ ________ wasting water. 43．我们刷牙时应该关掉水龙头。 We should ________ ________ the tap when we brush our teeth. 44．你长大以后也许会是一名科学家。 You might be a scientist when you ________________________. 45．你能给我一些对英语考试有用的东西吗？ Could you give me ________ ________ for the English test? 46．书太无趣了以至于小男孩感到无聊。 The books are so ________ that the little boy feels ________. 47．我们和小学同学依然保持联系。 We still ________ our primary classmates. 48．多亏了他的支持，我的阅读已经取得了很大的进步。 ________ ________ ________ ________, I have made great progress in my reading. 49．He listened to music. He was doing his homework. (用while合并句子) ___________________________. 50．我们的老师警告我们不要靠近火源。 Our teacher ________ us ________ ________ get close to the fire. 四、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Many children use the Internet to get useful information. They also use it to relax in 1 free time—though some even forget to take breaks. But what’s worse, some of them are not using it 2 the right way. Here are some rules you should keep in mind. Make rules for Internet use with your parents, for example, when you can go online (not late at night), for how long and 3 activities you can do online. Don’t give your password to anyone else, not even your close friends, and 4 give the following information to others—your real name, home address, age, school phone number or 5 important information. Check with your parents before 6 out a credit (信用) card number, as it may cause money loss. Never send 7 photo of yourself that shows your home or school to someone in e-mail if you don’t fully trust them, 8 you should check with your parents before you go into a chat room. Different chat rooms attract different kinds of people, so you and your parents need to check carefully 9 sure it’s a right and safe place for you. Never agree to meet someone you met on the Internet without your parents’ permission—meeting strangers 10 is very dangerous. Following these rules can help you enjoy the Internet safely. 1．A．they B．their C．them 2．A．in B．on C．with 3．A．how B．when C．what 4．A．never B．often C．sometimes 5．A．others B．other C．another 6．A．give B．gives C．giving 7．A．a B．/ C．the 8．A．and B．but C．so 9．A．make B．making C．to make 10．A．alone B．lonely C．along The year is 2080. London, New York, and many other cities are underwater. The earth is a lot warmer. Many of the animals and plants 1 out... This sounds like the story of a Hollywood film. But it could 2 happen if we keep polluting (污染) the environment. Many things affect (影响) the environment but 3 problem for our planet is climate change (气候变化). Lots of 4 favorite things, like mobile phones, televisions and computers, need energy to work. When we make energy, we make greenhouse gases (温室气体) at 5 same time. These gases make our world warmer. Some 6 think the earth could be 6℃ warmer by 2100. That 7 things get worse. However, most of us don’t know how serious the problem is. But don’t worry! We can do things to help. We can start by using less water when we brush our teeth. We can also walk 8 ride bikes for short trips to make less pollution. Planting more trees is another great way to help. If we all work together and play a part 9 saving the earth, we can make our planet a better place for everyone. Let’s 10 making changes before it’s too late. 1．A．dies B．died C．are dying 2．A．real B．really C．realize 3．A．big B．bigger C．the biggest 4．A．our B．ourselves C．us 5．A．a B．an C．the 6．A．scientists B．scientist’s C．scientist 7．A．make B．will make C．made 8．A．or B．so C．but 9．A．on B．from C．in 10．A．start B．starting C．to start 五、语法填空 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。有提示词的空格不限一词，无提示词的空格限填一词。 This term, students in Class 9 started a project to make their school better. Every Friday afternoon, they clean the yard, plant trees, and put up posters about 1 (protect) the environment. Wang Jun is one of the students. He always takes part 2 the activities. Last week, he 3 (help) collect plastic bottles and paper. He also made a poster about saving energy and water. “We do these things 4 (regular), not just once,” he said. “It’s important to keep our school clean and green.” Their headmaster is happy with their work. “They have done many things in just a few weeks. The school is becoming 5 (nice) than before,” she said. In the beginning, the class had 6 short meeting to make a plan. They listed jobs and shared them in groups. Some cleaned, others planted flowers. Some gave short 7 (speech) about the environment. The project has helped students not only clean the school but also improve themselves. “We’re not just learning from books,” said Wang Jun. “We’re learning to work together 8 care about nature.” At the end of the month, each class will write 9 (they) own report to show what they have done. Class 9 hopes to win. But they’ve learned that small actions can make a big 10 (different). 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 ChatGPT is a chatbot (聊天程序). OpenAI created it. Since last year, the company 1 (become) one of the world’s fifty most-visited. 2 people ask a question online, they will get the answer to it from the chatbot. The answer reads like an essay (文章). A growing number of 3 (teacher) say it’s too late to keep AI out of their classrooms. In a recent survey, 93% of teachers said they heard of ChatGPT, and 33% used it to think of 4 (create) ideas for classes. In Washington, students used the programme to help 5 their math. In London, a teacher used ChatGPT to simplify (简化) texts for students whose English is not good enough. ChatGPT doesn’t always get things right. But teachers say this can give a way to make students become more interested in study. Some teachers ask students 6 (check) those essays. Sarah Millard, 7 teacher in Rochester, had students critique (评论) a ChatGPT essay on Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet. She said students 8 (enjoy) it a lot. Some educators say it would be unfair to other students if teachers let some students use AI to do 9 (them) schoolwork. It’s not clear how AI will change schooling. One thing is certain: There’s no substitute (替代) for human connection. One teacher says, “I high-fived my students. I cried with my students. A computer will never do that. For the chatbot, the key is to use it 10 (correct).” 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Units 1~2（词汇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、用所给单词正确形式填空。 二、根据汉语意思写出单词。 三、完成句子。 四、语法选择 五、语法填空 一、用所给单词正确形式填空 1．There are many ________ in Jinshan. However, the air quality is still good there. (factory) 【答案】factories 【详解】句意：金山有许多工厂。然而那里的空气质量仍然很好。factory“工厂”，many后接可数名词复数形式。故填factories。 2．She found the work ________ and wanted to quit (离开) after six weeks. (bore) 【答案】boring 【详解】句意：她发现这份工作很无聊，六周后就想离开了。bore“使厌烦”，find sth+形容词“发现某物……”，固定用法，此处要用形容词修饰the work，指物，boring“令人厌烦的”符合语境。故填boring。 3．The project should raise general ________ (aware) about bullying. 【答案】awareness 【详解】句意：该项目应提高人们对欺凌行为的普遍认识。aware“意识到的”，形容词；空前“general”为形容词，后接名词，aware的名词形式为awareness，且awareness为不可数名词，无复数形式。故填awareness。 4．Lu Yao asked, “Shall we talk about how ________ water is?”（use） 【答案】useful 【详解】句意：路遥问道：“我们来谈谈水有多有用吗？”根据“how…water is”可知，句子里是一个宾语从句，作talk about的宾语。在这个宾语从句中，“how”引导的是感叹句结构，这里需要用use的形容词形式来描述water的特性。use的形容词形式是useful“有用的”。故填useful。 5．Chemicals are needed for wastewater ________, which costs a lot of money. (treat) 【答案】treatment 【详解】句意：化学物质被需要来处理废水，这花了很多的钱。根据“for wastewater”结合所给词可知需要表示“处理废水”这一含义，要使用treat的名词treatment，表示“处理”。故填treatment。 6．Your suggestion is reasonable. I’ve ________ understood what you mean. (full) 【答案】fully 【详解】句意：你的建议很合理。我已经完全明白你的意思。此处需要用副词修饰动词understand，full是形容词，其副词形式是fully，意为“完全地”。故填fully。 7．Lin Dong will give us a ________ about protecting water. (present) 【答案】presentation 【详解】句意：林东将给我们做一个关于保护水资源的报告。根据句子结构可知，此处需要填入一个名词，作为“give us a...”的宾语。所给词present的名词形式presentation意为“报告；演示”，在此处表示林东将做一个关于保护水资源的报告，符合语境。故填presentation。 8．Though his speech was ________, he spread his idea to the public successfully. (direct) 【答案】indirect 【详解】句意：尽管他的演讲是间接的，但他还是成功地将自己的想法传达给了公众。根据“Though his speech was…, he spread his idea to the public successfully.”以及所给单词可知，此处表示他的演讲是间接的，indirect意为“间接的”，形容词作表语。故填indirect。 9．The natural resources are ________, so we should never waste any. (limit) 【答案】limited 【详解】句意：自然资源是有限的，所以我们绝不应该浪费任何资源。根据“so we should never waste any”可推测自然资源是有限的，limited意为“有限的”，在句中作表语。故填limited。 10．The soup tastes a bit ________. Maybe you put too much salt in it. (salt) 【答案】salty 【详解】句意：这汤尝起来有点咸。也许你放了太多盐。taste是系动词，后接形容词作表语，salt是名词，其形容词形式是salty，意为“咸的”。故填salty。 11．Apple Store felt sorry for the ________ caused by using cash only. (convenient) 【答案】inconvenience 【详解】句意：苹果商店对仅使用现金造成的不便表示歉意。根据“for the”可知，空处用名词形式，结合“caused by using cash only”可知，是为只使用现金造成的不便表示歉意，因此空处用名词inconvenience“不便”。故填inconvenience。 12．Alice received her broken takeaway order but she didn’t make a ________. (complain) 【答案】complaint 【详解】句意：爱丽丝收到了她破损的外卖，但她没有投诉。根据“didn’t make a…”可知，冠词a后面应接名词形式。complain是动词，意为“投诉，抱怨”，其名词形式为complaint。固定短语make a complaint意为“提出投诉”。故填complaint。 13．Fat and sugar are less ________ than fresh fruit and vegetables. (health) 【答案】healthy 【详解】句意：脂肪和糖不如新鲜的水果和蔬菜健康。根据“are less...”可知，此处应填形容词，health“健康”，是名词，对应的形容词是healthy“健康的”。故填healthy。 14．The smart stick makes life easier for the ________. (able) 【答案】disabled 【详解】句意：这根智能手杖让残疾人的生活更便利。able“有能力的”，形容词；根据“smart stick”和提示词可知，智能手杖的服务对象是残疾人，“the+形容词”表示一类人，the disabled“残疾人”，disabled“残疾的”，为形容词。故填disabled。 15．A moderate amount of stress can be ________, while too much stress can exhaust you. (benefit) 【答案】beneficial 【详解】句意：适量的压力可能有益，而过多的压力会让你疲惫不堪。分析句子可知，be动词后面需要接形容词作表语，benefit的形容词形式是beneficial，意为“有益的，有利的”。故填beneficial。 16．The engineer said that the main ________ of the project was the high cost. (advantage) 【答案】disadvantage 【详解】句意：这位工程师说这个项目的主要缺点是成本高。根据“The engineer said that the main...of the project was the high cost.”以及英文提示可知，成本高是项目存在的缺点，所以这里应表达“缺点；不利之处”，advantage的反义词是disadvantage“缺点；不利条件”，由“the high cost”可知，用单数形式。故填disadvantage。 17．We moved on while the cloud ________ (spread) over the land. 【答案】was spreading 【详解】句意：乌云在大地上蔓延开来时，我们继续前行。while引导时间状语从句时，强调两个动作同时进行，从句用过去进行时(was/were+现在分词)表示“正在蔓延”的动作背景，即表示“我们继续前进时，乌云正在笼罩大地”。spread的现在分词形式为spreading，主语the cloud为单数，故填was spreading。 18．The Internet makes it ________ (easy) for us to find information than before. 【答案】easier 【详解】句意：互联网使我们查找信息比以前更容易了。句中有than before，这是比较级的标志，所以要用形容词或副词的比较级，故填easier。 19．My brother wants to be a great ________ (science) in the future. 【答案】scientist 【详解】句意：我哥哥将来想成为一名伟大的科学家。句中“a great…”后需接可数名词单数。括号内给出的词是science“科学”，根据语境可知，此处表示“科学家”，应将其转换为对应的人物名词scientist。a great scientist意为“一位伟大的科学家”，符合语境。 20．My brother is crazy about the ________ video game and plays it every day. (late) 【答案】latest 【详解】句意：我哥哥对最新的电子游戏很着迷，每天都玩。late“晚的，迟的”，此处修饰名词“video game”，表示“最新的”，应用latest“最新的，最近的”。故填latest。 二、单词拼写 21．Digital life’s ________ (优点) is easy access to online learning. 【答案】advantage 【详解】句意：数字生活的优点是能便捷地获取在线学习资源。括号里的中文是“优点”，对应的英文单词是advantage，句中be动词是is，所以填名词单数advantage。 22．Shanghai has a large ________ (人口) because many people come here for jobs. 【答案】population 【详解】句意：上海人口众多，因为很多人来这里找工作。根据“a large”和汉语提示可知，横线处需填名词，人口“population”，为名词，a large population“人口众多”。故填population。 23．I got lost because I did not follow the ________ (方向) on the map carefully. 【答案】directions 【详解】句意：我迷路了，因为我没有仔细遵循地图上的方向。根据汉语提示可知，“方向”对应的英文是“direction”，但在此句中表示“遵循地图上的方向指示”，地图上的方向不止一个，要用复数形式。故填directions。 24．We can produce a lot of these sticks and help more ________ (失明的) people. 【答案】blind 【详解】句意：我们可以生产很多这样的盲杖，帮助更多失明的人。blind“失明的”，是形容词修饰名词“people”。故填blind。 25．—What do you think of Siyang Ancient Yellow River Wetland Park? —In my ________ (看法，想法), it is well worth a visit. 【答案】opinion 【详解】句意：——你觉得泗阳古黄河湿地公园怎么样？——在我看来，它很值得一游。“in one’s opinion”是固定短语，意为“在某人看来”。故填opinion。 26．One ________ (好处) of walking is to be in good shape. 【答案】advantage/benefit 【详解】句意：走路的好处之一是保持好身材。由所给的汉语可知，advantage和benefit都是“好处”的意思，名词。one后接单数名词。故填advantage/benefit。 27．Keep your personal information ________ (私密的) and protect your online account. 【答案】private 【详解】句意：你的个人信息要保密，并且保护好你的网络账号。根据汉语提示可知，private“私密的”，形容词，符合题意。故填private。 28．She asked for a second ________ (意见) from another doctor. 【答案】opinion 【详解】句意：她向另一位医生征求第二个意见。根据中文提示，opinion“意见”符合语境，a second接名词单数。故填opinion。 29．The man has ________ (警告) the children not to swim in the river for many times. 【答案】warned 【详解】句意：这个男人已经多次警告孩子们不要在河里游泳。“警告”对应的英文是warn，句子中“has”提示此处用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+动词过去分词，warn的过去分词是warned。故填warned。 30．Look! The sun is shining in the ________ blue sky. (晴朗的) 【答案】clear 【详解】句意：看！太阳在晴朗的蓝天上照耀着。clear“晴朗的”，是形容词，修饰名词“sky”，clear blue sky“晴朗的蓝天”。故填clear。 31．The sun ________ (照耀) through the clouds and everything looked wonderful when we got to the top of Mount Taishan. 【答案】shone 【详解】句意：当我们登上泰山山顶时，阳光穿透云层洒落，眼前一切看起来都美极了。句中looked、got均为过去式，提示整个场景发生在过去，用一般过去时，前后分句时态要保持一致；“照耀”对应的动词为shine，应填其过去式为shone。 32．My friend always lends me a helping hand ________ (每当) I have problems. 【答案】whenever 【详解】句意：每当我遇到困难，我的朋友总会伸出援手。空格处需要填入连词表达“每当”，用whenever引导时间状语从句，符合句子语境。 33．The beauty of Taihu Lake is ________ (超出) words. 【答案】beyond 【详解】句意：太湖的美无法用语言形容。beyond“超出”，介词。 34．The twins didn’t go to bed ________ (直到) they finished reading the story. 【答案】until/till 【详解】句意：这对双胞胎直到读完这个故事才去睡觉。根据所给汉语提示可知，“直到”until/till，not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”。故填until/till。 35．Our science teacher says ______ (研究) needs patience and careful records. 【答案】research 【详解】句意：我们的科学老师说研究需要耐心和细致的记录。根据汉语提示可知，research“研究”，名词，在句中作宾语从句的主语。故填research。 36．They ________ (筹集) 20,000 yuan for the homeless boy yesterday. 【答案】raised 【详解】句意：他们昨天为那个无家可归的男孩筹集了2万元。 根据时间状语“yesterday”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。“筹集”raise，其过去式为raised。 故填raised。 37．I need to push my plan ________ (向前) to make my dream come true. 【答案】forward 【详解】句意：我需要推进我的计划，来实现我的梦想。此处表示“向前”应用forward，构成常用搭配push...forward，意为“推进……”，forward为副词，修饰动词push。故填forward。 38．Mrs Lee was tired and ________ (口渴的) after shopping, so she went into a tea house. 【答案】thirsty 【详解】句意：李太太购物后又累又渴，于是走进了一家茶馆。thirsty“口渴的”，形容词作表语。故填thirsty。 39．Most students ________ (同意) that time is one of the most valuable things in the world. 【答案】agree 【详解】句意：大多数学生同意时间是世界上最有价值的东西之一。根据“Most students…that time is one of the most valuable things…”可知，此处缺少谓语动词，“同意”对应的动词是agree。句子描述一般事实，时态为一般现在时，主语Most students是复数，动词用原形，故填agree。 40．—You mean iPhone is not as popular as it was as HUAWEI phones lead the market now? —That’s ________ (正是) the case. 【答案】exactly 【详解】句意：——你的意思是iPhone不像以前那么受欢迎了，因为华为手机现在主导市场？——事实正是如此。正是：exactly，为副词。故填exactly。 三、完成句子 41．Peter will go shopping after he finishes his homework.（保持句意不变） Peter ________ go shopping ________ he finishes his homework. 【答案】 won’t until/till 【详解】句意：彼得做完作业后会去购物。原句可以用“not…until…”结构改写，意为“直到……才……”。原句为一般将来时，否定形式可用“won’t”；引导词可用“until”或“till”；从句中动词可用“finishes”或“has finished”，均符合语法且与原句意思相同。 42．We should not waste water. We should save every drop. (保持原句意思不变) We should save every drop ________ ________ wasting water. 【答案】 instead of 【详解】原句句意：我们不应该浪费水。我们应该节约每一滴水。转换后句意：我们应当节约每一滴水，而非浪费水资源。转换后句子后半部分需表达“而不是”，固定短语instead of后接动名词wasting。 43．我们刷牙时应该关掉水龙头。 We should ________ ________ the tap when we brush our teeth. 【答案】 turn off 【详解】原句的关键词是“关掉”。表示“关掉”的英文短语是turn off， 而由情态动词should可知，此处应填动词原形，故填turn off。 44．你长大以后也许会是一名科学家。 You might be a scientist when you ________________________. 【答案】grow up 【详解】原句中“长大以后”是关键词，“长大”对应的英文表达是“grow up”。整句“你长大以后”即“when you grow up”，是时间状语从句，主句用“might be”，从句用一般现在时“grow up”表示将来。 45．你能给我一些对英语考试有用的东西吗？ Could you give me ________ ________ for the English test? 【答案】 something useful 【详解】原句的关键词是“一些有用的东西”，对应的表达为something useful。 46．书太无趣了以至于小男孩感到无聊。 The books are so ________ that the little boy feels ________. 【答案】 boring bored 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“无趣”，“感到无聊的”。boring“无趣的，无聊的”，修饰事物的特点；bored“感到无聊的”，表示人的感受。故填boring；bored。 47．我们和小学同学依然保持联系。 We still ________ our primary classmates. 【答案】keep in touch with 【详解】原句关键词为“保持联系”，用keep in touch with表示；主语We为复数，时态为一般现在时，故用原形keep，后接宾语our primary classmates。 48．多亏了他的支持，我的阅读已经取得了很大的进步。 ________ ________ ________ ________, I have made great progress in my reading. 【答案】 Thanks to his support 【详解】原句中“多亏”是关键词，“多亏”对应的英文表达是“Thanks to”，表示“由于、幸亏”的意思；“他的支持”对应的英文表达是“his support”。 49．He listened to music. He was doing his homework. (用while合并句子) ___________________________. 【答案】He listened to music while he was doing his homework 【详解】句意：他听音乐。他正在做作业。应用while引导时间状语从句，强调 “两个动作同时进行”，结合原句，此处主句“He listened to music”用一般过去时，从句“he was doing his homework”用过去进行时。故填He listened to music while he was doing his homework。 50．我们的老师警告我们不要靠近火源。 Our teacher ________ us ________ ________ get close to the fire. 【答案】 warned not to 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“警告……不要……”的英文表达。“warn sb. not to do sth.”是固定短语，意为“警告某人不要做某事”，句子描述的是已发生的动作，因此动词用过去式warned，故填warned；not；to。 四、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Many children use the Internet to get useful information. They also use it to relax in 1 free time—though some even forget to take breaks. But what’s worse, some of them are not using it 2 the right way. Here are some rules you should keep in mind. Make rules for Internet use with your parents, for example, when you can go online (not late at night), for how long and 3 activities you can do online. Don’t give your password to anyone else, not even your close friends, and 4 give the following information to others—your real name, home address, age, school phone number or 5 important information. Check with your parents before 6 out a credit (信用) card number, as it may cause money loss. Never send 7 photo of yourself that shows your home or school to someone in e-mail if you don’t fully trust them, 8 you should check with your parents before you go into a chat room. Different chat rooms attract different kinds of people, so you and your parents need to check carefully 9 sure it’s a right and safe place for you. Never agree to meet someone you met on the Internet without your parents’ permission—meeting strangers 10 is very dangerous. Following these rules can help you enjoy the Internet safely. 1．A．they B．their C．them 2．A．in B．on C．with 3．A．how B．when C．what 4．A．never B．often C．sometimes 5．A．others B．other C．another 6．A．give B．gives C．giving 7．A．a B．/ C．the 8．A．and B．but C．so 9．A．make B．making C．to make 10．A．alone B．lonely C．along 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了孩子们使用互联网的现状，指出部分孩子使用方式不当，并给出了10条安全使用互联网的规则，帮助孩子们安全享受网络带来的便利。 1．句意：他们也在空闲时间用它来放松——尽管有些人甚至忘记休息。      they他们（主格）；their他们的（形容词性物主代词）；them他们（宾格）。空格后为名词free time，需用形容词性物主代词修饰，故选B。 2．句意：但更糟糕的是，他们中的一些人没有用正确的方式使用它。      in用（某种方式、语言等）；on在……上面；with和……一起、用（工具）。固定短语in a right way意为“用正确的方式”，故选A。 3．句意：和你的父母一起制定使用互联网的规则，例如，你可以什么时候上网（不要太晚）、上网多久以及你可以在网上做什么活动。      how怎样；when什么时候；what什么。空格后为名词activities（活动），需用what修饰，指代“什么样的活动”，故选C。 4．句意：不要把你的密码给任何人，即使是你的好朋友，而且永远不要把以下信息给别人——你的真实姓名、家庭住址、年龄、学校电话号码或其他重要信息。      never从不；often经常；sometimes有时。根据前文“Don’t give your password to anyone else”可知，此处是提醒不要泄露信息，需用表否定的副词，故选A。 5．句意：不要把你的密码给任何人，即使是你的好朋友，而且永远不要把以下信息给别人——你的真实姓名、家庭住址、年龄、学校电话号码或其他重要信息。      others其他人（不定代词，单独使用）；other其他的（形容词/限定词）；another另一个（后接单数名词）。空格后为名词短语important information（重要信息），需用other修饰，故选B。 6．句意：在提供信用卡号码之前先和父母确认，因为这可能会导致金钱损失。      give给予（动词原形）；gives给予（动词第三人称单数）；giving给予（动名词/现在分词）。空格前为介词before，介词后接动词需用动名词形式，故选C。 7．句意：如果你不完全信任对方，永远不要在电子邮件中发送显示你家或学校的自己的照片，而且在进入聊天室之前你应该和父母确认。      a一个（不定冠词，泛指单数可数名词）；/零冠词；the这个（定冠词，特指）。此处泛指“一张你的照片”，photo为单数可数名词，且发音以辅音音素开头，需用a修饰，故选A。 8．句意：如果你不完全信任对方，永远不要在电子邮件中发送显示你家或学校的自己的照片，而且在进入聊天室之前你应该和父母确认。      and和（表并列）；but但是（表转折）；so所以（表因果）。前文“不要发送照片”和后文“进入聊天室先确认”是并列的安全提醒，需用and连接，故选A。 9．句意：不同的聊天室吸引不同类型的人，所以你和你的父母需要仔细检查，以确保这是一个适合你、安全的地方。      make使、让（动词原形）；making使、让（动名词/现在分词）；to make使、让（动词不定式，表目的）。此处“仔细检查”的目的是“确保安全”，需用动词不定式表目的，故选C。 10．句意：没有父母的允许，永远不要同意去见你在网上认识的人——独自见陌生人是非常危险的。      alone独自地（副词，修饰动作）、单独的（形容词）；lonely孤独的（形容词，形容心情）；along沿着。此处修饰动词meeting（见面），表示“独自见面”，需用alone，故选A。 The year is 2080. London, New York, and many other cities are underwater. The earth is a lot warmer. Many of the animals and plants 1 out... This sounds like the story of a Hollywood film. But it could 2 happen if we keep polluting (污染) the environment. Many things affect (影响) the environment but 3 problem for our planet is climate change (气候变化). Lots of 4 favorite things, like mobile phones, televisions and computers, need energy to work. When we make energy, we make greenhouse gases (温室气体) at 5 same time. These gases make our world warmer. Some 6 think the earth could be 6℃ warmer by 2100. That 7 things get worse. However, most of us don’t know how serious the problem is. But don’t worry! We can do things to help. We can start by using less water when we brush our teeth. We can also walk 8 ride bikes for short trips to make less pollution. Planting more trees is another great way to help. If we all work together and play a part 9 saving the earth, we can make our planet a better place for everyone. Let’s 10 making changes before it’s too late. 1．A．dies B．died C．are dying 2．A．real B．really C．realize 3．A．big B．bigger C．the biggest 4．A．our B．ourselves C．us 5．A．a B．an C．the 6．A．scientists B．scientist’s C．scientist 7．A．make B．will make C．made 8．A．or B．so C．but 9．A．on B．from C．in 10．A．start B．starting C．to start 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了气候变化对地球的严重影响，分析了温室气体是导致气候变暖的主要原因，并呼吁人们共同采取行动，保护地球环境。 1．句意：许多动植物正在灭绝。   dies死亡，动词第三人称单数，一般现在时；died动词过去式，一般过去时；are dying现在进行时。根据前文“The year is 2080. London, New York, and many other cities are underwater. The earth is a lot warmer.”可知，此处描述的是当前正在发生的变化，用现在进行时表示“正在灭绝”，故选C。 2．句意：但如果我们继续污染环境，这可能真的会发生。   real形容词，真实的；really副词，真的；realize动词，意识到。此处修饰动词happen，需用副词，结合语境“可能真的发生”，故选B。 3．句意：很多事情都会影响环境，但对我们星球来说最大的问题是气候变化。   big形容词原级，大的；bigger形容词比较级，更大的；the biggest形容词最高级，最大的。根据语境“Many things affect (影响) the environment but ... problem for our planet is climate change (气候变化).”可知，此处用最高级，且最高级前需加the，故选C。 4．句意：我们很多喜欢的东西，比如手机、电视和电脑，都需要能源才能工作。   our形容词性物主代词，我们的；ourselves反身代词，我们自己；us人称代词宾格，我们。此处修饰名词短语favorite things，需用形容词性物主代词，结合语境“我们喜欢的东西”，故选A。 5．句意：当我们制造能源时，同时也会产生温室气体。   a不定冠词，泛指一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，泛指一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，特指。固定短语at the same time，意为“同时”，故选C。 6．句意：一些科学家认为，到2100年，地球可能会变暖6摄氏度。   scientists名词复数，科学家；scientist’s名词所有格，科学家的；scientist名词单数，科学家。空前有some修饰，后面接可数名词复数形式，故选A。   7．句意：那将会让情况变得更糟。   make动词原形，使、让；will make一般将来时，将会使；made动词过去式，使、让。根据前文“the earth could be 6℃ warmer by 2100.”，此处描述未来会发生的结果，用一般将来时，故选B。 8．句意：我们也可以在短途旅行时步行或骑自行车，以减少污染。   or或者，表选择；so因此，表结果；but但是，表转折。根据“We can also walk ... ride bikes for short trips to make less pollution.”可知，“步行”和“骑自行车”是短途旅行的两种选择，此处表选择关系，故选A。 9．句意：如果我们所有人一起努力，参与到保护地球的行动中来，我们就能让我们的星球成为每个人更好的家园。   on在……上面；from从……；in在……里。固定短语play a part in doing sth.，意为“参与做某事”，故选C。   10．句意：让我们开始做出改变吧，趁现在还来得及。   start动词原形，开始；starting动名词/现在分词，开始；to start动词不定式，开始。固定句式Let’s do sth.，意为“让我们做某事”，此处用动词原形，故选A。 五、语法填空 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。有提示词的空格不限一词，无提示词的空格限填一词。 This term, students in Class 9 started a project to make their school better. Every Friday afternoon, they clean the yard, plant trees, and put up posters about 1 (protect) the environment. Wang Jun is one of the students. He always takes part 2 the activities. Last week, he 3 (help) collect plastic bottles and paper. He also made a poster about saving energy and water. “We do these things 4 (regular), not just once,” he said. “It’s important to keep our school clean and green.” Their headmaster is happy with their work. “They have done many things in just a few weeks. The school is becoming 5 (nice) than before,” she said. In the beginning, the class had 6 short meeting to make a plan. They listed jobs and shared them in groups. Some cleaned, others planted flowers. Some gave short 7 (speech) about the environment. The project has helped students not only clean the school but also improve themselves. “We’re not just learning from books,” said Wang Jun. “We’re learning to work together 8 care about nature.” At the end of the month, each class will write 9 (they) own report to show what they have done. Class 9 hopes to win. But they’ve learned that small actions can make a big 10 (different). 【答案】 1．protecting 2．in 3．helped 4．regularly 5．nicer 6．a 7．speeches 8．and 9．their 10．difference 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述九班学生开展改善校园的项目，通过打扫、种树、宣传环保等行动美化校园，同时在协作中获得成长，明白了微小行动也能带来巨大改变。 1．句意：每周五下午，他们打扫院子、种树，张贴关于保护环境的海报。空前介词about后需要动名词作宾语，protect的动名词形式为protecting。 2．句意：王军是其中一名学生，他总是参加这些活动。固定搭配take part in意为“参加（活动）”，空处缺少介词in。 3．句意：上周，他帮忙收集塑料瓶和纸张。时间标志词Last week为一般过去时，help的过去式是helped。 4．句意：我们定期做这些事，不只是一次。本空修饰动词do，需要副词；regular的副词形式为regularly，意为“定期地”。 5．句意：学校变得比以前更好了。空后出现比较级标志词than，nice的比较级形式为nicer。 6．句意：一开始，班级开了一个简短的会议制定计划。meeting是可数名词单数，short以辅音音素开头，表泛指“一场会议”用不定冠词a。 7．句意：一些人做简短的环保主题演讲。speech为可数名词，空前无单数限定词，结合主语some，此处用复数形式speeches。 8．句意：我们学习一起协作并且关爱自然。前后短语work together与care about nature是并列关系，并列连词and连接并列成分。 9．句意：每个班级都会写他们自己的报告展示自己做的事。空后有名词report，需要形容词性物主代词；they对应的形容词性物主代词是their，意为“他们的”。 10．句意：但他们明白了微小的行动能带来巨大的改变。固定搭配make a big difference意为“产生很大影响、带来巨大改变”，different的名词形式为difference。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 ChatGPT is a chatbot (聊天程序). OpenAI created it. Since last year, the company 1 (become) one of the world’s fifty most-visited. 2 people ask a question online, they will get the answer to it from the chatbot. The answer reads like an essay (文章). A growing number of 3 (teacher) say it’s too late to keep AI out of their classrooms. In a recent survey, 93% of teachers said they heard of ChatGPT, and 33% used it to think of 4 (create) ideas for classes. In Washington, students used the programme to help 5 their math. In London, a teacher used ChatGPT to simplify (简化) texts for students whose English is not good enough. ChatGPT doesn’t always get things right. But teachers say this can give a way to make students become more interested in study. Some teachers ask students 6 (check) those essays. Sarah Millard, 7 teacher in Rochester, had students critique (评论) a ChatGPT essay on Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet. She said students 8 (enjoy) it a lot. Some educators say it would be unfair to other students if teachers let some students use AI to do 9 (them) schoolwork. It’s not clear how AI will change schooling. One thing is certain: There’s no substitute (替代) for human connection. One teacher says, “I high-fived my students. I cried with my students. A computer will never do that. For the chatbot, the key is to use it 10 (correct).” 【答案】 1．has become 2．When/If 3．teachers 4．creative 5．with 6．to check 7．a 8．enjoyed 9．their 10．correctly 【导语】本文介绍了ChatGPT的功能，讲述其走进校园被师生使用的情况，也提及它的不足与使用价值，指出合理使用是关键且人机联结无可替代。 1．句意：自去年以来，该公司已成为全球访问量前五十的公司之一。根据“Since last year”可知，句子要用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词，主语the company是单数，become的过去分词是become。故填has become。 2．句意：当/如果人们在网上提出一个问题时，他们会从这个聊天程序中得到答案。根据“people ask a question online, they will get the answer to it from the chatbot”可知，此处可引导时间状语从句表“当……时”，也可引导条件状语从句表“如果”，用When/If均可，句首首字母大写。故填When/If。 3．句意：越来越多的老师表示，阻止人工智能进入课堂已经太晚了。根据“A growing number of”可知，后接可数名词复数形式，teacher的复数是teachers。故填teachers。 4．句意：在最近的一项调查中，93%的教师表示听说过ChatGPT，33%的教师用它来为课堂构思有创意的想法。根据“to think of...ideas for classes”可知，此处修饰名词ideas，需要用形容词，create的形容词形式是creative。故填creative。 5．句意：在华盛顿，学生们用这个程序来帮助自己学习数学。固定搭配“help with sth.”表示“帮助做某事”，此处填介词with。故填with。 6．句意：一些老师让学生检查这些文章。固定搭配“ask sb. to do sth.”表示“让某人做某事”，此处填check的动词不定式形式to check。故填to check。 7．句意：罗切斯特的一位教师萨拉·米勒德让学生们评论了一篇由ChatGPT写的关于莎士比亚《罗密欧与朱丽叶》的文章。根据“Sarah Millard...teacher in Rochester”可知，此处表示“一位教师”，teacher是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。 8．句意：她说学生们非常喜欢这个活动。根据前文的had可知，句子时态为一般过去时，enjoy的过去式是enjoyed。故填enjoyed。 9．句意：一些教育工作者表示，如果老师允许一些学生使用人工智能做他们的作业，这对其他学生是不公平的。根据“use AI to do...schoolwork.”可知，此处修饰名词schoolwork，需要用形容词性物主代词，them的形容词性物主代词是their。故填their。 10．句意：对于这个聊天程序来说，关键是正确地使用它。根据“the key is to use it”可知，此处修饰动词use，需要用副词，correct的副词形式是correctly。故填correctly。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $