Unit 8 Safe and sound（重难词汇精练）-2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 本练习以“词汇基础-语境应用-语篇综合”分层设计，通过梯度化题型构建从单一词汇记忆到语篇综合运用的巩固路径，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|核心词汇汉译英、拼写及词形变化|汉译英（15题）、单词拼写（15题）等题型直接考查词汇记忆，词汇拓展题（8题）强化词性转换能力| |词汇语境练|词汇在句子及语法情境中的应用|适当形式填空（15题）、完成句子（10题）结合过去进行时等语法点，语法填空（10空）在短语境中巩固词形运用| |词汇语篇练|词汇在语篇中的综合理解与表达|选词填空（10题）通过地震叙事整合单元核心词汇，阅读理解（2篇）提升词汇语境推断能力|

Unit 8 Safe and sound 词汇专项过关 （满分100分 建议用时40分钟） 一、汉译英（本大题共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 根据下列中文提示，写出正确的英文单词或短语。 1. 地震 ____________ 2. 幸存 ____________ 3. 突发事件 ____________ 4. 自然灾害 ____________ 5. 恐惧 ____________ 6. 使困住 ____________ 7. 寂静的 ____________ 8. 紧张的 ____________ 9. 活着的 ____________ 10. 力量；能量 ____________ 11. 虚弱的 ____________ 12. 声音 ____________ 13. 激动的 ____________ 14. 消防员 ____________ 15. 闪电 ____________ 二、词汇拓展（本大题共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分） 用所给词的正确形式填空，每空一词。 1. survive → ______ (v. 幸存) → ______ (v. 幸存(过去式)) → ______ (n. 幸存者) 2. die → ______ (v. 死亡) → ______ (v. 死亡(过去式)) → ______ (adj. 死的) 3. trap → ______ (v. 使困住) → ______ (adj. 被困住的) → ______ (v. 困住(现在分词)) 4. burn → ______ (v. 燃烧) → ______ (v. 燃烧(现在分词)) → ______ (v. 燃烧(过去式)) 5. shake → ______ (v./n. 摇动；震动) → ______ (n. 震动) → ______ (v. 摇动(过去式)) 6. destroy → ______ (v. 摧毁) → ______ (v. 摧毁(过去式)) → ______ (v. 摧毁(现在分词)) 7. warn → ______ (v. 警告) → ______ (v. 警告(过去式)) → ______ (n. 警告) 8. help → ______ (v./n. 帮助) → ______ (adj. 有帮助的) → ______ (adj. 无助的) 三、用所给词的适当形式填空（本大题共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1. Timmy ______ (work) when the earthquake started. 2. People ______ (run) in all directions while bricks were raining down. 3. I ______ (try) to find my way out when I heard some noise above me. 4. We ______ (watch) in fear while the firemen were putting out the fire. 5. Millie ______ (watch) TV when lightning hit a nearby building. 6. Timmy ______ (survive) the Highfield earthquake in 2021. 7. I was ______ (trap) under the bricks and couldn't see anything. 8. People shouted in ______ (fear) and ran out of the building. 9. It was dark and ______ (silent) around me after the shaking ended. 10. My heart was ______ (beat) really fast when I was trapped. 11. I felt ______ (nervous) and told myself to calm down. 12. I told myself to ______ (calm) down since I was still alive. 13. Excited people ______ (help) Timmy out and moved away the bricks. 14. The bush fires may ______ (destroy) thousands of homes before they are put out. 15. An officer ______ (warn) people to stay at home during the bush fires. 四、单词拼写（本大题共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 根据中文提示及所给字母，写出正确的单词。 1. 地震 e__thquake 2. 幸存 s__rvive 3. 紧急情况 em__gency 4. 灾难 d__aster 5. 恐惧 f__r 6. 困住 t__p 7. 寂静的 s_l_nt 8. 紧张的 n_r_ous 9. 活着的 a__ve 10. 能量 e_e_gy 11. 虚弱的 w__k 12. 声音 v__ce 13. 激动的 e_c_ted 14. 消防员 f_r_man 15. 闪电 l_g_tning 五、完成句子（本大题共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 每空一词，按括号中的中文提示完成句子。 1. There was an ______ (地震) in Highfield in 2021. 2. Timmy ______ (幸存) the earthquake and got out safely. 3. An ______ (紧急情况) needs people to act quickly. 4. People shouted in ______ (恐惧) and ran out of the building. 5. I was ______ (困住) under the bricks and couldn't see anything. 6. It was dark and ______ (寂静的) around me after the shaking. 7. I felt ______ (紧张的) and my heart was beating fast. 8. I told myself to ______ (冷静) down since I was still alive. 9. My heart was ______ (跳动) really fast when I was trapped. 10. Luckily, no one was ______ (死亡) or killed in the accident. 六、语法填空（本大题共10空；每空1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 A Timmy was working when the earthquake 1.______ (start). At first, he felt a slight shake, and then he 2.______ (hear) a loud noise like thunder. People 3.______ (shout) in fear and ran out of the building. Timmy tried his best to run out too. Soon pieces of glass and bricks 4.______ (rain) down. He was 5.______ (trap) at last under the wall. B Last night a heavy 1.______ (snowstorm) hit Heilongjiang. Many homes are still without power this morning. Some people were 2.______ (trap) in their cars. Right now, 3.______ (fireman) are working hard to help them. Bush fires hit parts of Australia. Hot temperatures and high winds are 4.______ (increase) the size of the fires. An officer 5.______ (warn) people to stay at home. 七、选词填空（本大题共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。每词限用一次。 方框词语：earthquake fear shake noise thunder direction glass brick fireman voice The Highfield ______1______ happened in 2021. Timmy was working when it started. At first, he felt a slight ______2______. Then he heard a loud ______3______ like ______4______. People shouted in ______5______ and ran out of the building. Outside, people were running in all ______6______ while pieces of ______7______ and ______8______ were raining down. Hours later, Timmy heard shouts from excited ______9______. He cried out in a weak ______10______. At last, he was safe! 八、阅读理解（本大题共2篇；满分8分） A There was an earthquake in Highfield in 2021 and Timmy survived. It was about two o'clock in the afternoon. Timmy was working when the earthquake started. At first, he felt a slight shake. Then he heard a loud noise like thunder. Soon the earth started to shake. People shouted in fear and ran out of the building. Timmy tried his best to run out too. Outside, people were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were raining down. Then the walls began to come down. Finally, it was dark and silent. Timmy felt nervous and his heart was beating fast. He told himself to calm down since he was still alive. He shouted for help and waited. Hours later, he heard noise above and cried out in a weak voice. Excited people moved away the bricks. At last, Timmy was safe. 1. When did the earthquake in Highfield start? A. In the morning. B. At about two o'clock in the afternoon. C. At night. D. At midnight. 2. What did Timmy feel at first when the earthquake started? A. A slight shake. B. A loud noise. C. Great fear. D. A bad pain. 3. What were people doing outside the building? A. Sleeping. B. Running in all directions. C. Eating. D. Singing. 4. The underlined word "silent" means ______. A. 吵闹的 B. 寂静的 C. 明亮的 D. 温暖的 B I went to the beach with my friends last Saturday. When we were playing on the beach, suddenly the water started to go away. We heard people shouting. They were telling us to run away from the beach. A big wave was coming towards us. We ran up the hill as fast as possible. When I looked back, the whole beach and all the buildings below us were in water. Many boats were damaged. After the tidal wave passed, the police checked to see if everyone was OK and warned us to stay away from the beach for a few days. They told us that there was an earthquake a few kilometres away under the sea, and it caused the tidal wave. Luckily, no one was hurt or killed. All of us were happy that we were safe. 1. Where did the story in the passage happen? A. On a hill. B. On the beach. C. In a building. D. In a forest. 2. Why did the police warn them to stay away from the beach? A. Because of an earthquake under the sea. B. Because of a snowstorm. C. Because of a fire. D. Because of a fog. 3. What happened to many boats after the tidal wave? A. They were safe. B. They were damaged. C. They were new. D. They were big. 4. The underlined word "damaged" means ______. A. 建造 B. 损坏 C. 修理 D. 出售 表1 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 表2 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 单词 单词 单词 n. 地震 phr. 冷静下来 v. 幸存 phr. 四面八方 n. 紧急情况 phr. 落下 n. 恐惧 phr. 大声呼喊 v. 使困住 phr. 跑出 adj. 寂静的 phr. 保持安全 adj. 紧张的 phr. 急救 adj. 活着的 phr. 远离 n. 消防员 phr. 尽快 n. 闪电 phr. 断电；没有电 参考答案 一、汉译英 1. earthquake；2. survive；3. emergency；4. natural disaster；5. fear；6. trap；7. silent；8. nervous；9. alive；10. energy；11. weak；12. voice；13. excited；14. fireman；15. lightning 二、词汇拓展 1. survive → survive (v. 幸存) → survived (v. 幸存(过去式)) → survivor (n. 幸存者) 2. die → die (v. 死亡) → died (v. 死亡(过去式)) → dead (adj. 死的) 3. trap → trap (v. 使困住) → trapped (adj. 被困住的) → trapping (v. 困住(现在分词)) 4. burn → burn (v. 燃烧) → burning (v. 燃烧(现在分词)) → burnt (v. 燃烧(过去式)) 5. shake → shake (v./n. 摇动；震动) → shaking (n. 震动) → shook (v. 摇动(过去式)) 6. destroy → destroy (v. 摧毁) → destroyed (v. 摧毁(过去式)) → destroying (v. 摧毁(现在分词)) 7. warn → warn (v. 警告) → warned (v. 警告(过去式)) → warning (n. 警告) 8. help → help (v./n. 帮助) → helpful (adj. 有帮助的) → helpless (adj. 无助的) 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 【答案】1. was working；2. were running；3. was trying；4. were watching；5. was watching；6. survived；7. trapped；8. fear；9. silent；10. beating；11. nervous；12. calm；13. helped；14. destroy；15. warned 考点点拨：本题重点考查单元重点词汇的适当形式填空，尤其是过去进行时（was/were + v-ing）的结构，以及动词过去式、过去分词和形容词的正确使用。 四、单词拼写 【答案】1. earthquake；2. survive；3. emergency；4. disaster；5. fear；6. trap；7. silent；8. nervous；9. alive；10. energy；11. weak；12. voice；13. excited；14. fireman；15. lightning 五、完成句子 【答案】1. earthquake；2. survived；3. emergency；4. fear；5. trapped；6. silent；7. nervous；8. calm；9. beating；10. dead 六、语法填空 A篇 【答案】1. started；2. heard；3. shouted；4. rained；5. trapped 考点点拨：本文为 Highfield 地震叙事，考查一般过去时与过去进行时的动词形式；注意动词过去式及过去分词的拼写。 B篇 【答案】1. snowstorm；2. trapped；3. firemen；4. increasing；5. warned 考点点拨：新闻报道类语篇常使用一般过去时描述已发生的灾害；注意名词单复数及动词现在分词形式的准确使用。 七、选词填空 【答案】1. earthquake 2. shake 3. noise 4. thunder 5. fear 6. direction 7. glass 8. brick 9. fireman 10. voice 考点点拨：先通读全文把握地震叙事脉络，再根据空格所需词性从词库中选择对应词汇；注意名词在语境中的恰当使用。 八、阅读理解 A篇 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. B B篇 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. B 考点点拨：阅读理解应先读题干，再回原文定位关键信息；词义猜测题可借助上下文中的解释、例子或同义表达进行推断。 表1 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 表2 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 单词 单词 单词 earthquake n. 地震 calm down phr. 冷静下来 survive v. 幸存 in all directions phr. 四面八方 emergency n. 紧急情况 rain down phr. 落下 fear n. 恐惧 cried out phr. 大声呼喊 trap v. 使困住 run out of phr. 跑出 silent adj. 寂静的 stay safe phr. 保持安全 nervous adj. 紧张的 first aid phr. 急救 alive adj. 活着的 stay away from phr. 远离 fireman n. 消防员 as fast as possible phr. 尽快 lightning n. 闪电 without power phr. 断电；没有电 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $