Unit 1 Science and Scientists 一轮复习 导学案 -2027届高三英语人教版选择性必修第二册

该高中英语导学案围绕“科学与科学家”单元主题，系统整合高考核心考点，涵盖语法填空、阅读理解等题型，按高频必背、中频掌握、低频认知分层梳理词汇，结合词形变化、易混词辨析构建词汇网络，通过问题链引导学生自主梳理表语从句等语法知识，形成系统知识框架。 亮点在于自主诊断与分层提升设计，如词形变化填空诊断词汇运用能力，单句语法填空聚焦表语从句引导词，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。提供应用文写作模板、读后续写情感功能句等方法指导，学生可通过微写作反思总结，教师能依据学情数据实施个性化指导，有效提升复习实效。

人教版选择性必修二 Unit 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS 高考一轮复习 高考考情速递 【单元主题与高考链接】 单元主题：科学与科学家（Science and Scientists），以约翰·斯诺战胜霍乱为核心语篇 高考链接：本单元话题在高考中高频出现，常考题型包括： ① 语法填空：科学发现、医学突破、科学家传记类语篇 ② 阅读理解：科普说明文、科学家传记、科技发展类文章 ③ 应用文写作：活动报道（科技节/科学讲座/实验活动）、邀请信 ④ 读后续写：科学探索、人物品质（坚持/勇气/好奇心）类记叙文 核心语法：表语从句（that/what/whether/where/why/how等引导词） 核心词汇：severe, blame, handle, suspect, announce, defend, overcome, transform等 第一部分 核心词汇 一、★★★ 高频必背（10词，高考近5年出现3次以上） 单词 词性 释义 核心用法与搭配 派生词/易错点 severe adj. 严重的；严厉的 severe damage/injuries严重损害/重伤；a severe winter严冬；be severe on/with sb.对某人严厉 severely adv.严重地；severity n.严重 blame vt./n. 责备；责任 blame sb. for sth.因某事责备某人；blame sth. on sb.把某事归咎于某人；be to blame (for)应受责备；take/bear the blame承担责任 blameful adj.应受责备的；注意be to blame主动表被动 handle vt./n. 处理；把手 handle a problem/situation处理问题/情况；handle stress应对压力；the handle of the door门把手 handler n.处理者；handled（注意双写d） suspect vt./n. 怀疑；嫌疑人 suspect sb. of (doing) sth.怀疑某人（做）某事；suspect that...怀疑……；a suspect in the case案件嫌疑人 suspicion n.怀疑；suspicious adj.可疑的（注意拼写） announce vt. 宣布；宣告 announce sth. to sb.向某人宣布某事；announce that...宣布……；It is announced that...据宣布 announcement n.公告；announcer n.播音员 instruct vt. 指示；教授 instruct sb. to do sth.指示某人做某事；instruct sb. in sth.教授某人某事；instruct that...(should) do指示…… instruction n.指示/说明（常用复数）；instructor n.教练 defend vt. 防御；辩护 defend sb./sth. from/against保护某人/某物免受；defend one's thesis为论文辩护；defend a title卫冕 defence/defense n.防御；defendant n.被告 assist v. 协助；帮助 assist sb. in/with (doing) sth.协助某人（做）某事；assist sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事 assistance n.帮助；assistant n.助手/助理 overcome vt. 克服；战胜 overcome difficulties/obstacles克服困难/障碍；overcome fear战胜恐惧；be overcome with/by emotion激动不已 overcame（过去式）；overcome（过去分词，注意不是overcomed） transform vt. 转变；改造 transform A into B把A转变成B；transform one's life改变某人的生活；be transformed by被……改变 transformation n.转变；transformer n.变压器 二、★★ 中频掌握（12词，高考近5年出现1-2次） 单词 词性 释义 核心用法与搭配 派生词/易错点 infectious adj. 传染的；有感染力的 an infectious disease传染病；infectious laughter有感染力的笑声 infect v.感染；infection n.感染 infection n. 感染；传染 a bacterial infection细菌感染；prevent infection预防感染 infect v.感染；infectious adj.传染的 proof n. 证据；证明 proof of sth.……的证据；give/provide proof提供证据；There is no proof that...没有证据证明…… prove v.证明（注意名词是proof不是proves） theoretical adj. 理论的；理论上的 theoretical knowledge理论知识；a theoretical approach理论方法 theory n.理论；theoretically adv.理论上 theory n. 理论；学说 the theory of evolution进化论；in theory理论上；put forward a theory提出理论 theoretical adj.理论的；theorist n.理论家 initial adj. 最初的；开始的 the initial stage初始阶段；initial reaction最初反应；initial efforts初步努力 initially adv.最初；initiate v.发起 steady adj. 稳定的；稳步的 a steady increase稳定增长；steady progress稳步进步；hold steady保持稳定 steadily adv.稳定地；steadiness n.稳定 decrease v./n. 减少；下降 decrease from A to B从A减少到B；decrease by 20%减少了20%；a decrease in……的减少 increase（反义词）；decreasing adj.递减的 gifted adj. 有天赋的；有才华的 a gifted musician有天赋的音乐家；be gifted in/at在……方面有天赋 gift n.天赋/礼物；giftedly adv.有天赋地 abstract adj./n. 抽象的；摘要 an abstract concept抽象概念；abstract art抽象艺术；an abstract of a paper论文摘要 abstraction n.抽象；concrete（反义词） concrete adj./n. 具体的；混凝土 concrete evidence具体证据；a concrete example具体例子；reinforced concrete钢筋混凝土 concretely adv.具体地；abstract（反义词） consequence n. 后果；结果 the consequence of……的后果；face/suffer the consequences承担后果；as a consequence of由于……的结果 consequent adj.随之发生的；consequently adv.因此 三、★ 低频认知（10词，高考偶考，认识即可） 单词 词性 释义 核心用法与搭配 派生词/易错点 framework n. 框架；结构 a theoretical framework理论框架；within the framework of在……框架内 frame n.框架 vaccine n. 疫苗 develop a vaccine研发疫苗；a vaccine against COVID-19新冠疫苗 vaccinate v.接种疫苗；vaccination n.接种 virus n. 病毒 a deadly virus致命病毒；the spread of the virus病毒的传播 viral adj.病毒的 subscribe vi. 订阅；同意 subscribe to a magazine订阅杂志；subscribe to the view that...同意……的观点 subscription n.订阅；subscriber n.订阅者 trace vt./n. 追踪；痕迹 trace sth. to/back to追溯到；trace the cause of追查……的原因；without a trace无影无踪 traceable adj.可追踪的；tracing n.追踪 outbreak n. 爆发 an outbreak of cholera霍乱的爆发；the outbreak of war战争的爆发 break out（动词短语，爆发） breakthrough n. 突破；重大进展 a major breakthrough重大突破；make a breakthrough取得突破；a breakthrough in science科学上的突破 break through（动词短语，突破） remarkable adj. 显著的；非凡的 a remarkable achievement非凡的成就；remarkable progress显著进步 remarkably adv.显著地；remark v.评论 crucial adj. 关键的；至关重要的 a crucial factor关键因素；be crucial to/for对……至关重要；play a crucial role起关键作用 crucially adv.关键地；cruciality n.关键性 demonstrate vt. 证明；演示；示威 demonstrate that...证明……；demonstrate sth. to sb.向某人演示；demonstrate against示威反对 demonstration n.证明/示威；demonstrator n.示威者 四、易混词辨析（4组，高考高频考点） 易混词组 辨析要点 例句对比 blame / scold / criticize blame责备（归咎于，强调责任）；scold训斥（长辈对晚辈，语气重）；criticize批评（指出缺点，中性） He blamed me for the mistake. / The mother scolded her son for lying. / The report criticized the government's policy. handle / deal with / cope with handle处理（及物，直接接宾语，强调掌控）；deal with处理（不及物，接with，强调应对）；cope with应对（强调成功应对困难） She handled the situation well. / We need to deal with this problem. / He struggled to cope with the pressure. suspect / doubt / question suspect怀疑（认为某事可能是真的，尤指坏事）；doubt怀疑（不相信，认为不可能）；question质疑（提出疑问） I suspect he is lying. / I doubt that he will come. / The results were questioned by experts. announce / declare / publish announce宣布（公开告知，正式但不那么严肃）；declare宣布（郑重宣告，官方）；publish出版/公布（通过媒体发布） They announced the date of the meeting. / The government declared a state of emergency. / The results will be published next week. 五、词形变化（高考语法填空高频考点） 词形变化链 说明 severe → severely → severity 形容词"严重的"→副词"严重地"→名词"严重" blame → blameful → blameless 动词/名词"责备"→形容词"应受责备的"→形容词"无可指责的" suspect → suspicion → suspicious 动词/名词"怀疑"→名词"怀疑"→形容词"可疑的"（注意拼写变化） announce → announcement → announcer 动词"宣布"→名词"公告"→名词"播音员" instruct → instruction → instructor 动词"指示"→名词"指示/说明"（常用复数）→名词"教练" defend → defence/defense → defendant 动词"防御"→名词"防御"→名词"被告" assist → assistance → assistant 动词"协助"→名词"帮助"→名词"助手/助理" transform → transformation → transformer 动词"转变"→名词"转变"→名词"变压器" infect → infection → infectious 动词"感染"→名词"感染"→形容词"传染的" theory → theoretical → theoretically 名词"理论"→形容词"理论的"→副词"理论上" steady → steadily → steadiness 形容词"稳定的"→副词"稳定地"→名词"稳定"（注意y变i） gifted → gift → giftedly 形容词"有天赋的"→名词"天赋/礼物"→副词"有天赋地" consequence → consequent → consequently 名词"后果"→形容词"随之发生的"→副词"因此" 【构词法规律总结】 ① 形容词→副词：-ly（severe→severely, steady→steadily, theoretical→theoretically） ② 动词→名词：-tion/-sion（announce→announcement, instruct→instruction, transform→transformation） ③ 动词→名词（人）：-er/-or/-ant（announcer, instructor, assistant, defendant） ④ 动词→名词（动作）：-ance/-ence（assistance, defence） ⑤ 名词→形容词：-ous/-ful/-al/-ical（infectious, blameful, theoretical, consequent） ⑥ 否定前缀：un-（unlikely, unable）, in-（infectious不是否定）, dis-（disagree） 高考语法填空中，词形变化题占3-4空，务必熟记以上变化链！ 六、核心词块（按功能分类，写作必背） （一）科学研究类（6个） 词块 释义 用法提醒 put forward a theory 提出理论 = propose a theory；put forward还可表"提前" draw a conclusion 得出结论 = reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion；conclusion前用a不用the carry out an experiment 做实验 = conduct/perform an experiment；carry out还可表"执行" be linked to/with 与……有关联 = be connected/associated with；link A to B把A与B联系起来 be to blame (for) 应受责备 主动形式表被动意义；= be responsible for once and for all 一劳永逸；彻底地 = completely and finally；写作高分词块 （二）逻辑关系类（6个） 词块 释义 用法提醒 as a consequence of 由于……的结果 = as a result of；consequence前用a不用the thanks to 多亏；由于 = because of；后接名词或动名词，不接从句 in charge of 负责；掌管 = responsible for；in the charge of由……负责（被动） be traced back to 追溯到 = date back to；trace sth. to/back to把某物追溯到 be exposed to 暴露于；接触 = be subjected to；expose sb. to sth.使某人接触 in addition to 除……之外（还） = besides；后接名词或动名词 （三）写作论证类（5个） 词块 释义 用法提醒 There is no denying that... 不可否认…… = It cannot be denied that...；deny后接动名词 It is crucial that... (should) do ……是至关重要的 虚拟语气，从句用(should)+动词原形 make a breakthrough in 在……取得突破 breakthrough前用a；= achieve a breakthrough in play a crucial/key role in 在……起关键作用 = play an important part in；role前用a transform...into... 把……转变成…… = change...into...；transform A into B 七、核心句型：表语从句（高考高频考点） 表语从句放在连系动词（be, look, seem, remain, appear等）之后，充当表语。本单元重点掌握以下三类引导词。 句型1：that引导的表语从句 功能：that在从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用，通常不省略（口语中可省）。 常用结构：The truth is that... / The fact is that... / My suggestion is that...(should) do / The reason is that... 例句：The truth is that he has never been to Beijing.（事实是他从未去过北京。） 易错点：The reason is because...是错误的，应为The reason is that... 仿写：事实是他从未放弃过自己的梦想。 ________________________________________________________________ 句型2：what引导的表语从句 功能：what在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，表示"……的东西/事情/样子"。 常用结构：The problem is what... / That is what... / This is what... 例句：The problem is what we should do next.（问题是我们下一步该做什么。） 易错点：what不能引导定语从句，注意与that的区别：that在从句中不缺成分，what在从句中缺成分。 仿写：这就是我想告诉你的。 ________________________________________________________________ 句型3：whether/疑问词引导的表语从句 功能：whether表示"是否"（注意不能用if）；where/when/why/how分别表示地点/时间/原因/方式。 常用结构：The question is whether... / That is why... / This is where... / The problem is how... 例句：The question is whether we can finish the task on time.（问题是我们能否按时完成任务。） That is why he was late for school.（那就是他上学迟到的原因。） 易错点：表语从句中表示"是否"只能用whether，不能用if；That is because...表原因，That is why...表结果。 仿写：问题是我们如何才能克服这些困难。 ________________________________________________________________ 【表语从句引导词速查表】 that：从句不缺成分，只起连接作用（The truth is that...） what：从句缺主语/宾语/表语（The problem is what...） whether：从句不缺成分，表示"是否"（The question is whether...）【不能用if】 where/when/why/how：从句不缺主宾表，缺状语（That is where/why/how...） who/whom/whose：从句缺指人的主语/宾语/定语（That is who...） 易错：The reason is because... ✗ → The reason is that... ✓ 第二部分 词汇运用 一、词形变化填空（用括号内单词的正确形式填空） 说明：本题考查本单元核心词汇的词形变化，语境均为复合句，涉及非谓语、从句、比较级等考点。 1. The scientist was ____________ (severe) criticized for his failure to report the data accurately. 2. After years of research, the team finally made a ____________ (remark) breakthrough in cancer treatment. 3. The new policy is expected to bring about a ____________ (transform) in the way we approach public health. 4. It is ____________ (crucial) important that we understand the long-term consequences of our actions. 5. The doctor explained that the disease is highly ____________ (infect) and can spread through the air. 6. ____________ (fortunate), the vaccine was developed in time to prevent the spread of the virus. 7. The professor praised the student for his ____________ (theoretical) approach to solving the problem. 8. The company has seen a ____________ (steady) decrease in sales over the past three months. 9. The ____________ (discover) of penicillin was a major breakthrough in the history of medicine. 10. She showed great ____________ (determine) in overcoming the obstacles that stood in her way. 11. The results of the experiment were ____________ (initial) disappointing, but later proved valuable. 12. There is growing ____________ (aware) of the importance of scientific research in modern society. 二、词块选词填空（从方框中选择合适的词块填空，有2个干扰项） A. put forward B. draw a conclusion C. carry out D. be linked to E. be to blame F. once and for all G. as a consequence of H. thanks to I. in charge of J. be traced back to K. be exposed to L. make a breakthrough 1. The scientist ____________ a new theory that challenged the existing understanding of the disease. 2. After analyzing the data carefully, the researchers were able to ____________ about the cause of the outbreak. 3. The team plans to ____________ a series of experiments to test their hypothesis. 4. Studies have shown that smoking ____________ an increased risk of heart disease and cancer. 5. The driver ____________ for the accident, as he had been speeding at the time. 6. The new treatment aims to eliminate the disease ____________, rather than just managing its symptoms. 7. ____________ the dedicated efforts of the research team, the vaccine was developed in record time. 8. The professor ____________ the research project, overseeing every aspect of the work. 9. The origins of the disease can ____________ a small village in the countryside, where the first case was reported. 10. Children who ____________ second-hand smoke at home are more likely to develop respiratory problems. 11. The team hopes to ____________ in the field of artificial intelligence within the next five years. 12. Many people lost their jobs ____________ the economic downturn that followed the pandemic. 三、单句语法填空（用括号内单词的正确形式填空，或填入适当的词） 说明：本题覆盖高考语法填空核心考点，重点考查表语从句引导词，同时涉及非谓语、从句、特殊句式等。 1. The truth is ____________ he has never given up his dream of becoming a scientist. 2. The problem is ____________ we should do next to prevent the spread of the disease. 3. The question is ____________ we can finish the project before the deadline. 4. That is ____________ he was late for the important meeting this morning. 5. This is ____________ the first case of the disease was reported, in a small village. 6. My suggestion is that we ____________ (start) the experiment as soon as possible. 7. The reason for his success is ____________ he has been working hard for years. 8. It was the first time that she ____________ (present) her research at an international conference. 9. Not only ____________ (do) the scientist make a breakthrough, but he also inspired a new generation of researchers. 10. The report, ____________ (write) by a team of experts, highlights the importance of scientific research. 11. There is no ____________ (deny) that science has transformed our lives in countless ways. 12. The more you learn about science, the ____________ (good) you can understand the world around you. 第三部分 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1（约翰·斯诺与霍乱） In the mid-19th century, London was struck by a series of cholera outbreaks 1.____________ killed thousands of people. At that time, no one knew 2.____________ caused the disease or how it spread. Most doctors believed that cholera was caused by bad air, 3.____________ a young doctor named John Snow suspected that the truth was quite different. Snow believed that cholera was spread through contaminated water, not through the air. In 1854, when 4.____________ severe outbreak hit London, he saw his chance to prove his theory. He carefully marked on a map the exact places 5.____________ all the dead people had lived. The map revealed that most of the deaths were near a water pump in Broad Street. Snow discovered that many of the victims 6.____________ (drink) water from this pump. He also found that a woman who lived far away had died of cholera because she had had water 7.____________ (deliver) from the Broad Street pump every day, as she liked its taste. With this evidence, Snow was able to announce that the pump was 8.____________ (blame) for the outbreak. He had the handle of the pump removed, and soon the number of new cases began 9.____________ (decrease). This was the first time that anyone 10.____________ (prove) that cholera was spread through water, not air. Snow's work transformed the way we think about public health, and his methods are still used by epidemiologists today. Passage 2（居里夫人与科学精神） Marie Curie is one of the most remarkable scientists in history. Born in Poland in 1867, she moved to Paris 1.____________ (study) physics and mathematics at the Sorbonne. Life was not easy for her — she lived in poverty and often had to skip meals 2.____________ (save) money for her studies. But her determination and curiosity helped her overcome all obstacles. In 1898, Marie and her husband Pierre Curie announced the 3.____________ (discover) of two new elements: polonium and radium. Their research was 4.____________ (initial) met with skepticism, as many scientists found it hard to believe that such elements could exist. But the Curies were not discouraged — they continued their work, 5.____________ (work) long hours in a poorly equipped laboratory. In 1903, Marie Curie became the first woman 6.____________ (win) a Nobel Prize, sharing the Physics Prize with Pierre Curie and Henri Becquerel. After Pierre's death in 1906, she took over his position at the Sorbonne, 7.____________ made her the first female professor in the university's history. In 1911, she won a second Nobel Prize, this time in Chemistry, for her research on radium. What made Marie Curie truly extraordinary was not just her scientific achievements, 8.____________ her courage and perseverance. She once said, "Nothing in life is to be feared, it is only to be understood." Her life is a testament to 9.____________ can be achieved through hard work, dedication, and a passion for knowledge. Today, she remains 10.____________ inspiration to scientists and non-scientists alike. 第四部分 句型升级与微写作 一、句型升级（用本单元学过的句型或词块改写下列句子） 说明：将简单句升级为高级句型，重点使用表语从句，提升写作表达档次。 1. Science is very important. It has transformed our lives in countless ways.（用There is no denying that...升级） 2. He never gave up his dream. This is the truth.（用The truth is that...表语从句升级） 3. We should do next. This is the problem.（用The problem is what...表语从句升级） 4. He was late for the meeting. That is the reason.（用That is why...表语从句升级） 5. This was her first time to win a Nobel Prize. She felt very honored.（用It was the first time that...句型合并） 6. The scientist made a breakthrough. He also inspired a new generation.（用Not only...but also...倒装升级） 7. She worked hard for years. She finally achieved her goal.（用现在分词作状语合并） 8. We should start the experiment as soon as possible. This is my suggestion.（用My suggestion is that...虚拟语气升级） 二、微写作（每段不少于50词，要求至少使用3个本单元核心词汇+1个核心句型） 微写作1：科学的重要性 题目：请以"The Importance of Science"为题，写一段不少于50词的短文，谈谈科学的重要性。要求至少使用3个本单元核心词汇（如transform, breakthrough, crucial, severe, overcome等）和1个核心句型（如表语从句There is no denying that...或The truth is that...）。 ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 微写作2：科学家的品质 题目：请描述一位你敬佩的科学家，谈谈他/她的哪些品质值得学习，写一段不少于50词的短文。要求至少使用3个本单元核心词汇（如determination, overcome, remarkable, breakthrough, defend等）和1个核心句型（如表语从句The reason is that...或强调句型）。 ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 第五部分 应用文写作 【写作任务】活动报道 假定你是校英语报的记者李华，上周五你校举办了一年一度的"科技节"（Science and Technology Festival）。请你为校报写一篇英文报道，内容包括：1. 活动时间、地点和参与人员；2. 活动主要内容（如科学讲座、实验展示、科技竞赛等）；3. 活动反响和意义。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【审题四步法】 【步骤1：定体裁与格式】 体裁：活动报道（新闻报道类应用文） 格式：标题（可选）+ 导语（时间地点人物事件）+ 主体（活动内容）+ 结尾（反响意义） 注意：活动报道不需要称呼和落款，用第三人称客观叙述，时态以一般过去时为主。 【步骤2：定人称与时态】 人称：第三人称为主（the festival, students, teachers），第一人称仅在表达感受时使用 时态：一般过去时为主（叙述活动过程），一般现在时为辅（描述活动意义） 语气：客观、正式、积极，避免过于口语化的表达。 【步骤3：定要点与结构】 要点1：导语——时间（last Friday）、地点（our school）、人物（all students and teachers）、事件（the annual Science and Technology Festival） 要点2：主体——活动内容（①科学讲座 ②实验展示 ③科技竞赛，用First/Second/Third连接） 要点3：结尾——活动反响（students spoke highly of）和意义（inspire interest in science, develop creativity） 结构：导语段（1-2句）+ 主体段（3项活动）+ 结尾段（1-2句） 【步骤4：定亮点与升级】 本单元核心词汇：transform, remarkable, breakthrough, demonstrate, inspire, creativity, participate, engage 本单元核心句型：表语从句（The truth is that... / The reason is that...）、There is no denying that... 高级连接词：First and foremost, Furthermore, Last but not least, In addition, What impressed us most was that... 评分亮点：活动内容具体（不是空泛的"many activities"），使用本单元核心表达，句式多样（含表语从句）。 【参考范文】（红色加粗为本单元核心表达） The Annual Science and Technology Festival Last Friday, our school held the annual Science and Technology Festival, which attracted all students and teachers. There is no denying that this festival was one of the most remarkable events of the year. First and foremost, a famous scientist gave a lecture about his latest breakthrough in medical research, which inspired all the students. Furthermore, there were various experiment shows, where students could see scientific theories demonstrated in practice. Last but not least, a technology competition was held, and many students participated in it with great enthusiasm. The truth is that this festival has transformed the way students look at science. Not only did it arouse their interest in scientific research, but it also helped develop their creativity and teamwork spirit. 【活动报道功能句模板表】 段落功能 功能句模板（背诵） 导语（时间地点人物事件） Last + 时间, + 地点 + held/witnessed + 活动, which attracted + 参与人员. / The annual + 活动 took place in + 地点 on + 时间. 活动1（最重要） First and foremost, + 活动内容, which + 影响/结果. / To begin with, a + 活动 was held, where + 细节. 活动2（此外） Furthermore, there were various + 活动, where + 细节. / In addition, + 活动 took place, attracting + 参与人员. 活动3（最后） Last but not least, + 活动 was held, and many students participated in it. / Finally, + 活动 brought the festival to a climax. 结尾（反响+意义） The truth is that this event has transformed... / There is no denying that... / Not only did it..., but it also... / Students spoke highly of... / It is believed that... 【仿写练习】 假定你是校英语报的记者李华，上周三你校举办了"读书节"（Reading Festival）。请你为校报写一篇英文报道，内容包括：1. 活动时间、地点和参与人员；2. 活动主要内容（如作家讲座、图书交换、阅读竞赛等）；3. 活动反响和意义。词数100左右，要求至少使用3个本单元核心词汇和1个核心句型（表语从句）。 ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 第六部分 读后续写框架语料与模板 【高考读后续写评分要点】 内容丰富度（40%）：情节合理、细节丰富、与原文衔接自然 语言表达（40%）：词汇丰富、句式多样、语法准确 篇章结构（20%）：段落清晰、衔接连贯、情感递进自然 科学探索/人物品质类话题常涉及：实验失败与成功、科学发现、坚持与勇气、好奇心与创新。情感从"困惑/挫败/犹豫"到"坚持/突破/领悟"递进明显。 一、科学探索类框架语料（背诵） （一）动作描写功能句 场景 功能句（背诵） 实验/研究 carry out an experiment / conduct a series of tests / analyze the data carefully / record every observation in detail 失败/挫折 The experiment failed again. / The results were disappointing. / Something went wrong. / He stared at the data in frustration. 思考/分析 He paced back and forth, deep in thought. / She examined the results carefully, trying to find the clue. / A thought suddenly struck him. 突破/发现 His eyes lit up. / He jumped to his feet in excitement. / Eureka! / She had finally found the answer. / A breakthrough was within reach. 验证/确认 He repeated the experiment to confirm the results. / She double-checked every detail. / The data proved that he was right. （二）情感描写功能句 情感阶段 功能句（背诵） 困惑/迷茫 He was puzzled by the strange results. / She felt completely lost. / Everything seemed to go wrong. / He did not know where to begin. 挫败/失望 A wave of disappointment washed over him. / Her heart sank. / He felt like giving up. / Tears welled up in her eyes. 犹豫/动摇 He hesitated for a moment. / She wondered if it was worth continuing. / Doubt crept into his mind. / Maybe he was wrong after all. 坚持/决心 He was determined not to give up. / She took a deep breath and tried again. / Failure only made him more determined. / He refused to accept defeat. 惊喜/兴奋 His face lit up with excitement. / She could hardly believe her eyes. / A surge of joy rushed through him. / It was a moment he would never forget. 领悟/升华 In that moment, he realized that failure was the mother of success. / She finally understood that perseverance was the key to discovery. / It was a lesson that would shape his entire career. （三）环境描写功能句 场景 功能句（背诵） 实验室场景 The laboratory was quiet except for the hum of machines. / Test tubes and beakers lined the shelves. / The smell of chemicals filled the air. / A single lamp illuminated the workbench. 深夜/孤独 It was late at night, and the building was empty. / The only sound was the ticking of the clock. / Moonlight streamed through the window. / He worked alone, surrounded by books and papers. 成功/喜悦氛围 The room was filled with laughter and cheers. / Warm light filled the laboratory. / The atmosphere was electric with excitement. / It felt like a celebration. 二、读后续写万能模板（科学探索类） （一）第一段模板（失败→思考→坚持） 段首句. ____（人物）stared at the results, his heart sinking. The experiment had failed again, and he felt like giving up. ____（环境描写，如The laboratory was quiet, and the only sound was the ticking of the clock）. He paced back and forth, deep in thought. "Maybe I should try a different approach," he murmured to himself. ____（动作描写，如He took a deep breath and began to analyze the data once more, checking every detail carefully）. After what seemed like hours, a thought suddenly struck him. ____（领悟，如He realized that he had been looking at the problem from the wrong angle）. （二）第二段模板（突破→验证→升华） 段首句. ____（人物）'s eyes lit up with excitement. He immediately set up a new experiment, his hands trembling slightly. ____（动作描写，如He carried out the test step by step, recording every observation in detail）. To his great joy, the results were exactly what he had expected. ____（验证，如He repeated the experiment three times to confirm, and each time the results were the same）. In that moment, he realized that ____（升华，如failure was not the end, but the beginning of success / perseverance was the key to every great discovery）. ____（结尾，如It was a breakthrough that would change his life forever / He knew that all his hard work had finally paid off）. 三、读后续写高频词块（背诵） 类别 高频词块（背诵） 动作类 carry out an experiment / analyze the data / record observations / pace back and forth / take a deep breath / set up / try again / double-check 情感类 heart sinking / wave of disappointment / feel like giving up / tears welled up / eyes lit up / surge of joy / determined not to give up / refused to accept defeat 思考类 deep in thought / a thought suddenly struck him / wondered if / doubt crept into his mind / from a different angle / realized that 环境类 laboratory was quiet / hum of machines / smell of chemicals / late at night / moonlight streamed through / warm light filled / atmosphere was electric 升华类 failure was the mother of success / perseverance was the key / all his hard work had paid off / a breakthrough that would change his life / a lesson he would never forget 参考答案与解析 一、词形变化填空答案 题号 答案 解析 1 severely 副词修饰动词criticized，"严厉地批评"；severe→severely 2 remarkable 形容词修饰名词breakthrough，"非凡的突破"；remark→remarkable 3 transformation 名词作宾语，"转变"；a transformation in……的转变；transform→transformation 4 crucially 副词修饰形容词important，"至关重要地"；crucial→crucially 5 infectious 形容词作表语，"传染的"；highly infectious高度传染；infect→infectious 6 Fortunately 副词作状语，修饰整个句子，"幸运的是"；句首大写 7 theoretical 形容词修饰名词approach，"理论方法"；theory→theoretical 8 steady 形容词修饰名词decrease，"稳定的下降"；注意steady本身就是形容词，不需要变形 9 discovery 名词作主语，"发现"；the discovery of penicillin青霉素的发现；discover→discovery 10 determination 名词作宾语，"决心"；show determination表现出决心；determine→determination 11 initially 副词作状语，"最初"；initially disappointing最初令人失望；initial→initially 12 awareness 名词作主语，"意识"；a growing awareness of对……日益增长的意识；aware→awareness 二、词块选词填空答案 题号 答案 解析 1 A. put forward 提出；科学家提出了一个新理论，挑战了对该疾病的现有认识 2 B. draw a conclusion 得出结论；仔细分析数据后，研究人员能够得出关于爆发原因的结论 3 C. carry out 执行/做；团队计划执行一系列实验来验证他们的假设 4 D. be linked to 与……有关联；研究表明吸烟与心脏病和癌症风险增加有关 5 E. be to blame 应受责备；司机应为事故负责，因为他当时超速 6 F. once and for all 一劳永逸；新疗法旨在彻底消除疾病，而不仅仅是控制症状 7 H. thanks to 多亏；多亏研究团队的不懈努力，疫苗在创纪录的时间内研发成功 8 I. in charge of 负责；教授负责研究项目，监督工作的每个方面 9 J. be traced back to 追溯到；该疾病的起源可以追溯到一个小村庄，那里报告了第一例病例 10 K. be exposed to 暴露于/接触；在家接触二手烟的儿童更容易出现呼吸问题 11 L. make a breakthrough 取得突破；团队希望在未来五年内在人工智能领域取得突破 12 G. as a consequence of 由于……的结果；由于疫情后的经济衰退，许多人失去了工作 三、单句语法填空答案 题号 答案 解析 1 that 表语从句；从句不缺成分，用that引导；The truth is that...事实是…… 2 what 表语从句；从句缺do的宾语，用what引导；The problem is what...问题是…… 3 whether 表语从句；从句不缺成分，表示"是否"，只能用whether不能用if；The question is whether... 4 why 表语从句；从句不缺主宾表，缺原因状语，用why引导；That is why...那就是……的原因 5 where 表语从句；从句不缺主宾表，缺地点状语，用where引导；This is where...这就是……的地方 6 (should) start 虚拟语气；My suggestion is that...从句用(should)+动词原形 7 that 表语从句；The reason is that...是固定句型，不能用because；从句不缺成分 8 had presented It was the first time that...句型，从句用过去完成时 9 did Not only置于句首部分倒装；根据后句inspired可知用一般过去时，助动词did提前 10 written 过去分词作后置定语；report与write是被动关系 11 denying There is no denying that...固定句型，"不可否认……" 12 better the+比较级, the+比较级结构，"越……越……" 四、语法填空答案 Passage 1（约翰·斯诺与霍乱） 题号 答案 解析 1 that/which 定语从句；先行词outbreaks指物，从句缺主语，用that或which 2 what 宾语从句；knew后接宾语从句，从句缺caused的主语，用what 3 but 连词；前后是转折关系，"大多数医生认为霍乱是由坏空气引起的，但一位名叫约翰·斯诺的年轻医生怀疑事实完全不同" 4 a 冠词；a severe outbreak"一次严重的爆发"，泛指 5 where 定语从句；先行词places表地点，从句缺状语，用where 6 had drunk 过去完成时；"喝井水"发生在"死亡"之前，即过去的过去，用过去完成时 7 delivered 非谓语；过去分词作宾补；water与deliver是被动关系，have sth. done使某事被做 8 to blame 固定搭配；be to blame for应受责备，主动形式表被动意义 9 to decrease 非谓语；begin to do sth.开始做某事 10 had proved It was the first time that...句型，从句用过去完成时 Passage 2（居里夫人与科学精神） 题号 答案 解析 1 to study 非谓语；不定式作目的状语，"为了学习" 2 to save 非谓语；不定式作目的状语，"为了省钱" 3 discovery 名词作宾语；the discovery of two new elements两种新元素的发现；discover→discovery 4 initially 副词作状语，"最初"；initial→initially 5 working 非谓语；现在分词作伴随状语；they与work是主动关系 6 to win 非谓语；the first woman to do sth.第一个做某事的女性，不定式作后置定语 7 which 非限制性定语从句；which指代前面整个句子，"这使她成为该大学历史上第一位女教授" 8 but 连词；not just...but...结构，"不仅仅是……而且是……" 9 what 宾语从句；to后接宾语从句，从句缺achieved的宾语，用what 10 an 冠词；an inspiration"一种激励"，inspiration以元音音素开头，用an 五、句型升级参考答案 题号 参考答案 1 There is no denying that science is very important and has transformed our lives in countless ways. 2 The truth is that he never gave up his dream of becoming a scientist. 3 The problem is what we should do next to prevent the spread of the disease. 4 That is why he was late for the important meeting this morning. 5 It was the first time that she had won a Nobel Prize, so she felt very honored. 6 Not only did the scientist make a breakthrough, but he also inspired a new generation of researchers. 7 Having worked hard for years, she finally achieved her goal. 8 My suggestion is that we (should) start the experiment as soon as possible. 六、微写作参考范文 微写作1：The Importance of Science There is no denying that science plays a crucial role in our modern society. Over the past century, scientific discoveries have transformed the way we live, work, and communicate. From medical breakthroughs that have cured deadly diseases to technological advances that have connected people across the globe, science has improved our lives in countless ways. The truth is that without science, we would still be living in a world filled with fear and ignorance. Therefore, it is essential that we continue to invest in scientific research and inspire the next generation of scientists. 微写作2：科学家的品质 The scientist I admire most is Marie Curie. What makes her truly remarkable is not just her scientific achievements, but her extraordinary determination and perseverance. Despite living in poverty and facing numerous obstacles, she never gave up on her dream of becoming a scientist. Through years of hard work, she overcame every challenge and made groundbreaking discoveries that transformed the field of physics and chemistry. The reason why I admire her is that she proved that with passion, dedication, and perseverance, anything is possible. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $