Unit 3 语法 (动词不定式to do)讲解与练习 2026-2027学年北师大版英语九年级上册

该初中英语导学案聚焦动词不定式（to do），系统讲解其作为非谓语动词的核心概念、六大句子成分、高频固定搭配及难点辨析。课堂导入从已学谓语动词切入，以“句子已有谓语，再出现动作就用to do”为学习支架，衔接非谓语知识脉络。 此资料亮点在于结构清晰，从核心概念到成分解析，结合易错点对比（如not to do与to not do，to do/doing辨析），配套多样化练习（填空、选择、改写、汉译英）。通过分层练习提升语言能力，对比辨析培养思维品质，固定搭配清单助力学习能力，适合初中教学使用。

Unit3 Growing Up语法讲解与练习 语法:动词不定式 to do 核心概念 动词不定式(to do)属于非谓语动词,简单理解:句子已经有谓语动词,再出现另一个动作,就用 to do,它不受人称、时态变化。 否定形式:not to do(必考!不要写成 to not do) 例:Tell him not to be late. 告诉他不要迟到。 一、to do的 6大句子成分 1. 作主语:To do sth + 谓语… (做某事……) 含义:把一件事当作句子的主语;常可用 It 作形式主语, 句型:It is + adj. (+for/of sb) to do sth To learn to be independent is important for teenagers. 学会独立对青少年很重要。 = It is important for teenagers to learn to be independent. (更常用,it 只是占位,真正主语后面 to do) for sb:形容词描述事情(easy, hard, important, possible) of sb:形容词描述人的品质(kind, brave, careless, honest) 例句:It’s brave of her to face difficulties alone. 她独自面对困难,很勇敢。 2. 作宾语:主语+谓语动词 + to do 有些动词后面只能接 to do 作宾语(课本重点动词清单) want /hope/decide /plan/refuse /choose/promise /learn/prepare /manage/offer /try 例句 1:He decided to take more responsibilities as he grew up. 随着成长,他决定承担更多责任。 例句 2:She promised not to give up when meeting challenges. 她承诺遇到挑战时不会放弃。 易混点对比(中考高频) try to do 尽力去做某事 try doing 试着做(尝试方法) I tried to finish the task on time. 我尽力按时完成任务。 3. 作宾语补足语:主语 + v. + sb + to do(告诉/要求某人做某事) 结构:动词+人+ to do,补充说明宾语要发出的动作 常用动词:ask, tell, want, invite, encourage, advise, allow, order 例句 1:My parents encourage me to make my own choices. 父母鼓励我自己做选择。 例句 2:The teacher advised him to think twice before making a decision. 老师建议他做决定前三思。 特殊考点:使役动词不带 to(不定式省略 to) make /let/have + sb + 动词原形(不是 to do) His story made me think about my growth. 他的故事让我思考自己的成长。 4. 作定语:放在名词后面,修饰名词,翻译 “要去做的……” to do 修饰前面名词,存在逻辑动宾关系 例句 1:I have a lot of problems to solve. 我有很多有待解决的问题。 (to solve 修饰 problems:to solve problems) 例句 2:She is the first person to realize the mistake. 她是第一个意识到这个错误的人。 固定:the first/last +n. + to do 5. 作状语(目的状语为主,单元重点) 表目的:为了……,可放句首或句末;放句首常用逗号隔开。 例句 1:He works hard to achieve his dream. 他努力学习,为了实现梦想。(目的) 例句 2:To become more confident, she practices speaking in public. 为了变得更加自信,她练习当众发言。 区分:only to do 表意外结果 He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left. 他匆忙赶到车站,结果发现火车已经开走了。 6. 作表语:系动词 be + to do,解释主语内容 例句:My goal is to become a responsible person. 我的目标是成为一个有责任心的人。 二、高频必背固定搭配 2 / 2 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1.want to do 想要做 2.decide to do 决定做 3.plan to do 计划做 4.refuse to do 拒绝做 5.promise (not) to do 承诺(不)做 6.learn to do 学习做 7.prepare to do 准备做 8.manage to do 设法成功做成 9.offer to do 主动提出做 10.choose to do 选择做 三、重点难点辨析 1. 疑问词 + to do 结构(what/when/how/where + to do) 相当于宾语从句,常放在 tell, know, learn, decide, wonder 后 I don’t know how to deal with these growing pains. 我不知道如何处理这些成长的烦恼。 2. 不定式被动 to be done 当名词是不定式动作的承受者,要用被动 There is much work to be finished. 还有很多工作要(被)完成。 3. to do/doing 两者都可含义不同(对比记忆) 结构 含义 stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在做的事 forget to do 忘记要做(没做) forget doing 忘记做过(做完了) remember to do 记得要做 remember doing 记得做过 try to do 尽力做 try doing 试着做(试方法) 配套练习 大题一:用括号内动词的正确形式填空 1.I want (become) a responsible person when I grow up. 2.She decides (try) her best to face challenges. 3.My parents hope (help) me form good habits. 4.He plans (take) a part-time job this summer. 5.Don’t refuse (accept) useful advice from others. 6.The teacher encourages us (learn) from mistakes. 7.I choose (keep) a diary to record my growth. 8.She promises (not be) late for the training. 9.It takes me an hour (read) books every day. 10.It’s important for teenagers (develop) independence. 11.He asks me (join) the after-school club. 12.My mum tells me (not waste) time on games. 13.They prepare (give) a speech about growing up. 14.I don’t know how (deal) with my worries. 15.She tries (calm) down when meeting trouble. 16.The doctor advises him (exercise) more. 17.We invite him (share) his growing story with us. 18.Learn (look) after yourself as you grow up. 19.The boy offers (help) the old clean the yard. 20.It’s necessary (communicate) with your parents. 21.I decide (not give) up when I meet difficulties. 22.She wants (learn) to make decisions by herself. 23.My dad tells me (be) honest all the time. 24.They plan (volunteer) in the community. 25.We need (understand) the meaning of responsibility. 大题二:单项选择 1.I hope a brave person when I grow up. A. be B. to be C. being D. been 2.She decides harder on her weak subjects. A. work B. working C. to work D. worked 3.My parents encourage me new skills. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 4.The teacher tells us spend too much time online. A. to not B. not to C. don’t to D. not 5.It takes him two hours his homework every day. A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finished 6.It’s necessary for teenagers independent. A. be B. being C. to be D. are 7.I don’t know solve this problem. A. how to B. to how C. how D. what to 8.He refuses lies to his parents. A. tell B. telling C. to tell D. told 9.She plans a part-time job in the holiday. A. find B. to find C. finding D. found 10.My friend invites me the volunteer activity. A. join B. joining C. to join D. joined 11.The doctor advises him enough sleep. A. get B. to get C. getting D. got 12.He offers the heavy box for the old lady. A. carry B. carrying C. to carry D. carried 13.Try calm when you feel nervous. A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed 14.We promise late for the meeting. A. not to be B. to not be C. don’t be D. won’t be 15.She chooses at home to look after her little sister. A. stay B. staying C. to stay D. stayed 大题三:句子改写(同义转换,to do 结构) 1.I hope that I can learn to be independent.(改为简单句,用 to do) 2.“Don’t stay out late.” Mum tells me.(合并句子) 3.It took me three days to finish the project.(用 spend 改写) 4.He wants to know how he should face difficulties.(改为疑问词 + to do) 5.The teacher encourages us. We should take challenges.(合并) 6.She decided that she would not give up.(改为简单句) 7.My parents wish I can form good living habits.(改为 to do 简单句) 8.He gets up early. He wants to exercise.(用 to do 作目的状语合并) 9.We need to communicate with our parents. It’s important.(用 It is…to do) 10.I promise: I will help you with your study.(改为 promise to do) 大题四:汉译英(必须使用 to do 结构) 1.长大后,我想要成为一个有责任心的人。 2.她决定尽最大努力面对成长中的挑战。 3.父母鼓励我们从错误中学习。 4.老师告诉我们不要把太多时间花在网络游戏上。 5.青少年学会独立是很有必要的。 6.我不知道如何处理青春期的烦恼。 7.他主动帮助老人打扫院子。 8.她计划暑假找一份兼职工作。 9.我们承诺不迟到。 10.与父母沟通对青少年来说非常重要。 Keys 一、动词形式填空 1.to become 2. to try 3. to help 4. to take 5. to accept 6.to learn 7. to keep 8. not to be 9. to read 10. to develop 11.to join 12. not to waste 13. to give 14. to deal 15. to calm 16.to exercise 17. to share 18. to look 19. to help 20. to communicate 21.not to give 22. to learn 23. to be 24. to volunteer 25. to understand 二、单项选择 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.C 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 三、句子改写 1.I hope to learn to be independent. 2.Mum tells me not to stay out late. 3.I spent three days finishing the project. 4.He wants to know how to face difficulties. 5.The teacher encourages us to take challenges. 6.She decided not to give up. 7.My parents wish me to form good living habits. 8.He gets up early to exercise. 9.It is important for us to communicate with our parents. 10.I promise to help you with your study. 四、汉译英 1.I want to become a responsible person when I grow up. 2.She decides to try her best to face the challenges in her growth. 3.Our parents encourage us to learn from mistakes. 4.The teacher tells us not to spend too much time on online games. 5.It’s necessary for teenagers to learn to be independent. 6.I don’t know how to deal with the worries of teenage life. 7.He offers to help the old clean the yard. 8.She plans to find a part-time job in the summer holiday. 9.We promise not to be late. 10.It’s very important for teenagers to communicate with their parents. $