Unit 6 阅读理解专项训练 2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“自然灾害与安全防护”主题，通过真实情境语篇系统训练细节理解、主旨归纳等中考核心阅读能力，融合语言能力与思维品质培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|10篇文章42题|细节理解（31题）、主旨大意（4题）、词义猜测（2题）、推理判断（5题）|以“现象-原因-应对”为逻辑链条，围绕干旱、洪水等自然灾害及安全防护构建语篇，训练信息定位、归纳概括与逻辑推理能力，渗透人类命运共同体意识。|

Unit 6 阅读理解专项训练 2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册（教师版） Passage 1 Droughts are becoming a serious problem in many parts of the world. A drought happens when there is little or no rain for a long time. This can lead to water shortages, crop failures, and even famine. In some African countries, droughts have lasted for years, forcing people to leave their homes in search of water. Climate change is making droughts more frequent and severe. Higher temperatures cause water to evaporate faster from the soil and plants. This means that even when it does rain, the water may not stay long enough to help crops grow. Scientists are working on new ways to save water, such as drip irrigation and drought-resistant crops. People can also help prevent water waste. Simple actions like fixing leaky taps, taking shorter showers, and using water-saving appliances can make a big difference. Governments should invest in water storage and management systems to prepare for dry periods. Everyone has a role to play in protecting our most precious resource—water. 1．What can cause a drought according to the text? A．Too much rain. B．Little or no rain for a long time. C．Floods. D．Earthquakes. 2．How is climate change affecting droughts? A．It is making them less frequent. B．It is making them more frequent and severe. C．It has no effect. D．It stops them completely. 3．What is the main idea of the text? A．How to grow crops in dry areas. B．The causes of droughts and how to save water. C．The history of droughts in Africa. D．How to build water storage systems. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 【导语】本文介绍了干旱的定义及成因，气候变化对干旱的影响，以及个人和政府如何节约用水和应对干旱。 【详解】1．第一段直接定义干旱的成因：“A drought happens when there is little or no rain for a long time.”，这直接说明干旱是由“长时间少雨或无水”引起的。 2．第二段明确指出气候变化的影响：“Climate change is making droughts more frequent and severe.”，这直接说明气候变化使干旱“更加频繁和严重”。 3．全文围绕干旱的原因和节水方法展开：首段介绍干旱成因，第二段说明气候变化加剧干旱，第三段提出个人和政府的节水措施。因此主旨为“干旱的成因及如何节约用水”。 Passage 2 On July 22, heavy rain caused serious flooding in Zhengzhou, Henan Province. The rain was the heaviest in recorded history. Many areas were underwater and traffic was stopped. To help with the rescue, many high technologies were used. Drones (无人机) were sent to take photos and videos of the flooded areas. They helped rescue teams see which areas needed help most. Some drones could even carry small things like medicine and food to people on the roofs of buildings. Robots were also used in the rescue. Underwater robots could search for people trapped in cars or under water. They could go where it was too dangerous for humans to go. Satellites provided images from space. These images helped scientists understand how the flood was spreading and where the water was deepest. This information was very useful for planning rescue operations. With the help of these technologies, the rescue work was more efficient and many lives were saved. 4．What does the underlined word “efficient” in the last paragraph mean? A．Slow. B．High-efficiency C．Difficult. D．Dangerous. 5．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text? A．Drones helped rescue teams see which areas needed help. B．Underwater robots could search for people trapped under water. C．Satellites provided images from space. D．The flood in Zhengzhou was the heaviest in the world's history. 6．What is the best title for the text? A．The Flood in Zhengzhou B．How to Use Drones C．High Technologies in Rescue Work D．The History of Flooding in China 【答案】4．B 5．D 6．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了郑州暴雨灾害中无人机、机器人和卫星等高科技在救援工作中的应用及其成效。 【详解】4．根据最后一段“With the help of these technologies, the rescue work was more efficient and many lives were saved.”可知，在这些科技的帮助之下，救援工作效率得到提升，挽救了许多生命。单词efficient意为“高效率的”，选项High‑efficiency意为“高效率的”，二者词义对应，符合语境。 5．根据第一段“The rain was the heaviest in recorded history.”可知，文中仅提及是有记录以来最严重的降雨，并未说明是“世界历史上”，选项D与原文表述不符。 6．文章首段提到“To help with the rescue, many high technologies were used.”，随后分段介绍了无人机、机器人和卫星的具体应用，C选项准确概括了高科技在救援工作中应用这一主题。 Passage 3 If an electrical accident happens, do you know what to do? It is important for teenagers to learn the rules of electricity safety. What’s more, they also need to know what to do when an electrical accident happens. Yesterday, Tom saw his sister getting an electric shock (触电). He was afraid but remembered what the teacher taught him when an electrical accident happens. He wanted to save his sister, but he couldn’t touch her. He knew if he touched her, he might get an electric shock, too. However, he couldn’t find his parents. He had to run out to find an adult and asked him to help turn off the power. Then he called the police and told them about the accident. His sister looked fine after getting an electric shock. However, the police still took her to the hospital because electricity may hurt muscles (肌肉) from the inside of her body. After Tom’s parents came back home, they hugged Tom and thanked Tom. If Tom hadn’t known what to do when the electrical accident happened, his sister might have been killed. Therefore, teens should know some rules of electricity safety and try to follow the rules to keep safe. 7．How does the writer start the text? A．By telling a story. B．By listing numbers. C．By using a saying. D．By asking a question. 8．Why couldn’t Tom touch his sister at first? A．His parents told him not to do so. B．The teacher stopped him doing it. C．He knew he might get hurt as well. D．He was too scared to move his body. 9．How did Tom’s parents feel about his action? A．Thankful. B．Worried. C．Surprised. D．Nervous. 10．What is the writer’s purpose of writing the text? A．To tell a brave girl’s experience to people. B．To teach useful skills of solving accidents. C．To ask teens to learn electricity safety rules. D．To show the danger of getting an electric shock. 【答案】7．D 8．C 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍触电事故发生时的安全应对办法以及用电安全的重要性。 【详解】7．第一段指出“If an electrical accident happens, do you know what to do?”，作者以提出一个问题开启本篇文章。 8．第二段指出“He knew if he touched her, he might get an electric shock, too.”，Tom不能触碰妹妹，是因为他知道自己也可能会触电受伤。 9．第三段指出“After Tom’s parents came back home, they hugged Tom and thanked Tom.”，Tom的父母拥抱并感谢Tom，由此看出父母对Tom的行为心怀感激。 10．第一段“It is important for teenagers to learn the rules of electricity safety.”以及末段指出“Therefore, teens should know some rules of electricity safety and try to follow the rules to keep safe.”，作者写作本文目的是呼吁青少年学习用电安全规则。 Passage 4 As we all know, natural disasters can happen at any time. Being prepared can save your life. Here are some tips to help you get ready for emergencies. Make an emergency plan. Sit down with your family and talk about what to do if a disaster happens. Decide on a meeting place outside your home. Choose an out-of-town contact person who can help if your family gets separated. Prepare an emergency kit (应急包) . Your kit should include water (at least 1 litre per person per day for at least three days) , food that won’t go bad, a first-aid kit, a flashlight, batteries, and a whistle. Don’t forget to include any medicine your family needs. Learn basic skills. Everyone in the family should know how to call for help. Learn how to turn off the gas, water and electricity in your home. Take a first-aid course if possible. Stay informed. Listen to the radio or TV for news about disasters in your area. Sign up for emergency alerts (警报) on your phone. Remember, being prepared means you don’t have to be scared. 11．How much water should each person have per day according to the text? A．At least 1 litre. B．At least 2 litres. C．At least 3 litres. D．At least 4 litres. 12．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the emergency kit? A．Water. B．Food. C．A first-aid kit. D．A mobile phone. 13．What should you do to stay informed? A．Read newspapers every day. B．Listen to the radio or TV for news. C．Talk to your neighbours. D．Visit the library. 14．Where may we read the text? A．A magazine about health. B．A book about history. C．A magazine about safety. D．A book about science. 【答案】11．A 12．D 13．B 14．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要围绕自然灾害应急准备建议展开，包含制定应急计划、准备应急包、学习基本技能以及保持信息畅通等方面的内容，旨在帮助读者做好应急准备。 【详解】11．根据文章第三段“Your kit should include water (at least 1 litre per person per day for at least three days)”可推知每人每天至少需要1升水，对应选项A。 12．根据文章第三段“Your kit should include water..., food that won’t go bad, a first-aid kit, a flashlight, batteries, and a whistle. Don’t forget to include any medicine your family needs.”可推知应急包中未提及手机，对应选项D。 13．根据文章第五段“Listen to the radio or TV for news about disasters in your area.”可推知应通过听收音机或看电视新闻来获取信息，对应选项B。 14．根据文章第一段“Here are some tips to help you get ready for emergencies.”及全文关于安全准备的内容可推知文章最可能出现在安全杂志上，对应选项C。 Passage 5 It was a quiet morning in the small village. Maria was feeding her chickens when she noticed something strange. The birds were flying around wildly and making loud noises. Her dog, Rocky, was barking and running in circles. Maria felt a little worried but didn’t know why. Suddenly, the ground began to shake. Maria lost her balance and fell to the ground. She realized it was an earthquake. She crawled under a strong wooden table and covered her head with her arms. Rocky stayed by her side, shaking with fear. The shaking lasted for about 30 seconds. When it stopped, Maria carefully came out from under the table. She saw that some walls had cracked, but her house was still standing. She quickly took her emergency kit and ran outside to the open field. There, she met her neighbours. Everyone was safe, thanks to Maria’s quick thinking and the safety tips she had learned at school. 15．What did Maria notice before the earthquake? A．The sky turned dark. B．Her dog was sleeping. C．The birds and dog acted strangely. D．The ground was already shaking. 16．How long did the earthquake last? A．About 10 seconds. B．About 20 seconds. C．About 30 seconds. D．About 40 seconds. 17．What does the underlined word “crawled” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Ran quickly. B．Moved slowly on hands and knees. C．Jumped high. D．Walked steadily. 18．Which is the right order of the story? a. Maria ran outside to the open field. b. The ground began to shake. c. Maria crawled under a table. d. Maria noticed the birds acting strangely. e. Maria took her emergency kit. A．d-b-c-e-a B．b-d-c-e-a C．d-c-b-e-a D．b-c-d-e-a 【答案】15．C 16．C 17．B 18．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了Maria在村庄经历地震的故事，描述了震前动物异常、震中避险过程及震后安全撤离，强调了学习安全知识的重要性。 【详解】15．根据文章第1段“The birds were flying around wildly and making loud noises. Her dog, Rocky, was barking and running in circles.”可推知震前鸟和狗的行为异常，从而得出解析的结论。 16．根据文章第3段“The shaking lasted for about 30 seconds.”可推知地震持续的时间约为30秒，从而得出解析的结论。 17．根据文章第2段“She crawled under a strong wooden table and covered her head with her arms.”可推知为了躲到桌子底下避险，动作应是手脚并用缓慢移动，从而得出解析的结论。 18．根据文章第1段“Maria was feeding her chickens when she noticed something strange.”，第2段“Suddenly, the ground began to shake.”及“She crawled under a strong wooden table”，第3段“She quickly took her emergency kit and ran outside to the open field.”可推知事件发生的先后顺序为发现异常、地面震动、躲藏、拿急救包、跑到户外，选项A符合题意。 Passage 6 Creating a family disaster plan is an important step in keeping your loved ones safe. Here are some key points to include in your plan: • Choose two meeting places: one outside your home for sudden emergencies like fires, and another outside your neighbourhood in case you cannot return home. • Make sure everyone knows how to call 911 and has important phone numbers memorized. • Teach children how to turn off the water, gas, and electricity if necessary. • Plan escape routes from each room and practise them regularly. • Keep a list of emergency contacts, including an out-of-town relative who can help coordinate if local phone lines are down. Remember to review and update your plan at least once a year. Being prepared can reduce panic and save lives. 19．How many meeting places should a family choose according to the text? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 20．Who should be included in the emergency contacts? A．Only local friends. B．An out-of-town relative. C．The neighbour. D．The teacher. 21．How often should the plan be reviewed? A．Every month. B．Every six months. C．At least once a year. D．Never. 22．Where may this text appear? A．In a safety guidebook. B．In a storybook. C．In a science fiction. D．In a travel magazine. 【答案】19．B 20．B 21．C 22．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了制定家庭灾难计划的重要性，并列举了计划中应包含的关键点，如设定集合地点、牢记紧急电话、规划逃生路线以及保存紧急联系人名单等，旨在帮助家庭成员在灾难中保持安全。 【详解】19．根据文章“Choose two meeting places...”可知，家庭应该选择两个集合地点，一个在家外应对突发紧急情况，另一个在社区外以防无法回家。 20．根据文章“Keep a list of emergency contacts, including an out-of-town relative...”可知，紧急联系人名单中应该包括一位外地的亲戚，以便在当地通讯中断时协助协调。 21．根据文章最后一段“Remember to review and update your plan at least once a year.”可知，这个计划应该至少每年审查和更新一次。 22．根据文章首句“Creating a family disaster plan is an important step in keeping your loved ones safe.”及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述如何制定家庭安全灾难计划，属于安全指导类内容，因此最可能出现在一本安全指南中。 Passage 7 Niu Yu is a young woman from China. In 2008, when she was 11, the Wenchuan earthquake took her right leg. She had to wear an artificial leg. At first, she felt very uncomfortable. People’s stares made her feel bad. She tried to hide her leg under jeans. But with the support of her family, she gradually became brave. In 2018, she decided to stop hiding her leg. She even ran a half marathon. Now she is a fashion model and carries the torch at sports events. She encourages other disaster survivors to face life with courage. Her story shows that even after a terrible disaster, one can find strength and hope. 23．What happened to Niu Yu in 2008? A．She lost her left leg. B．She lost her right leg. C．She lost her arm. D．She lost her sight. 24．How did Niu Yu feel about her artificial leg at first? A．Proud. B．Uncomfortable. C．Excited. D．Indifferent. 25．When did she decide to stop hiding her leg? A．In 2008. B．In 2018. C．In 2021. D．In 2023. 26．What did Niu Yu do to show her strength? A．She ran a half marathon. B．She became a doctor. C．She wrote a book. D．She moved to another city. 27．What message does Niu Yu’s story convey? A．Disasters are always destructive. B．We should hide our weaknesses. C．We can find strength and hope after a disaster. D．Only young people can recover. 【答案】23．B 24．B 25．B 26．A 27．C 【导语】本文讲述了汶川地震幸存者牛钰的故事。她在11岁时失去右腿，佩戴假肢后曾一度感到不适和自卑，但在家人的支持下逐渐勇敢起来，最终不仅参加了半程马拉松，还成为时装模特和火炬手，用自己的经历鼓励其他灾难幸存者勇敢面对生活。 【详解】23．第二句“the Wenchuan earthquake took her right leg.”，明确说明牛钰在2008年失去了右腿。 24．第四句 “At first, she felt very uncomfortable.”，明确说明牛钰一开始对假肢感到不适。 25．第八句“In 2018, she decided to stop hiding her leg.”，明确说明她在2018年决定不再隐藏假肢。 26．第九句 “She even ran a half marathon.”，明确说明她通过参加半程马拉松来展现自己的力量。 27．最后一句“Her story shows that even after a terrible disaster, one can find strength and hope.”，明确说明她的故事传达的信息是：灾难后仍能找到力量和希望。 Passage 8 I still remember the rainstorm that hit my hometown last spring. It arrived on a Saturday afternoon. At that time, I was reading in the library while my mum was shopping in the market. The sky turned dark suddenly. Strong wind blew and heavy rain fell down. The library manager told us not to leave too early. Outside, many trees fell down. Some roads were covered with water. I worried about my mum. I tried to call her, but the phone signal was weak. After two hours, the rain slowed down. Mum walked back safely. She said she stayed in a small shop and waited for the bad weather to pass. From this experience, I learn a useful lesson. Before heavy weather comes, we should watch weather warnings. When disaster strikes, do not make dangerous moves. Stay in safe places and wait for help if necessary. Now our school holds safety lessons every term. Teachers teach us how to face different disasters. I take careful notes. I believe this knowledge will help me when I meet danger one day. 28．What was the writer doing when the rainstorm came? A．Shopping in the market B．Reading in the library C．Walking on the street D．Watching TV at home 29．Why couldn’t the writer connect with mum easily? A．The phone had no power B．There was weak signal C．Mum lost her mobile phone D．Mum didn’t take a phone 30．How long did the heavy rain last before it slowed down? A．One hour B．Two hours C．Three hours D．Four hours 31．What does the writer advise us to do before bad weather? A．Go out for a long walk B．Watch weather warnings C．Drive through flooded roads D．Stay outside all the time 32．What can we learn from the passage? A．Safety knowledge is very important. B．Rainstorms only happen in spring. C．Mobile phones always work in storms. D．We can run everywhere during disasters. 【答案】28．B 29．B 30．B 31．B 32．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者回忆去年春天家乡遭遇暴风雨的经历，从中收获安全启示，学校也开设安全课程教大家应对灾害。 【详解】28．根据第一段语句“At that time, I was reading in the library while my mum was shopping in the market.”可知，暴风雨来临的时候作者正在图书馆看书。 29．根据第三段语句“I tried to call her, but the phone signal was weak.”可知，作者很难联系上妈妈是因为手机信号很弱。 30．根据第三段语句“After two hours, the rain slowed down.”可知，大雨持续了两个小时之后才变小。 31．根据第四段语句“Before heavy weather comes, we should watch weather warnings.”可知，作者建议恶劣天气来临前要留意天气预警。 32．根据第四段和第五段语句“I learn a useful lesson.”以及“I believe this knowledge will help me when I meet danger one day.”可知，我们能学到安全知识十分重要。 Passage 9 Last summer, my family and I were on holiday in a small coastal town when a typhoon hit. We had seen the weather warnings, but we didn’t expect it to be so strong. The wind started howling in the afternoon. The rain came down in sheets. We stayed in our hotel room and watched the storm outside. Trees were bending and falling. The power went out, and we sat in the dark, listening to the sounds of the storm. My little sister was scared, but I tried to stay calm. The hotel staff told everyone to stay indoors and away from windows. The typhoon lasted for about six hours. When it finally passed, we went outside and saw fallen trees and damaged buildings. Fortunately, no one was hurt. The local volunteers were already helping to clear the roads. The experience was scary, but it taught me the importance of listening to weather warnings and staying prepared. 33．Where did the writer’s family experience the typhoon? A．In a big city. B．In a coastal town. C．In the mountains. D．On a farm. 34．What did the writer see during the typhoon? A．Sunshine. B．Trees bending and falling. C．People walking outside. D．Calm weather. 35．What did the hotel staff tell guests to do? A．Go outside and help. B．Stay indoors and away from windows. C．Leave the hotel. D．Call their families. 36．How long did the typhoon last? A．About two hours. B．About six hours. C．About ten hours. D．The whole day. 37．What lesson did the writer learn from the experience? A．Typhoons are not dangerous. B．Listen to weather warnings and stay prepared. C．It’s fun to watch storms. D．Holidays in coastal towns are always risky. 【答案】33．B 34．B 35．B 36．B 37．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者一家人去年夏天在滨海小镇度假时遭遇台风的经历，描写台风来临时的景象与大家的应对，也让作者懂得留意气象预警、做好防备的重要性。 【详解】33．原文第一段“Last summer, my family and I were on holiday in a small coastal town when a typhoon hit.”，说明作者一家在一座滨海小镇遭遇台风，因此选B。 34．原文第一段“Trees were bending and falling.”，台风期间作者看到树木弯折、倒下，因此选B。 35．原文第二段“The hotel staff told everyone to stay indoors and away from windows.”，酒店工作人员告知客人待在室内，远离窗户，因此选B。 36．原文第二段“The typhoon lasted for about six hours.”，台风大约持续六个小时，因此选B。 37．原文第二段“but it taught me the importance of listening to weather warnings and staying prepared.”，这次经历教会作者要留意气象预警、做好防备，因此选B。 Passage 10 Volcanoes are openings in the Earth’s surface that allow hot magma, ash, and gases to escape. Some volcanoes are active, meaning they can erupt at any time. Others are dormant or extinct. When a volcano erupts, the effects can be catastrophic. Eruptions can release huge clouds of ash and smoke, block out the sun, and trigger landslides, tsunamis, and earthquakes. The eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD is one of the most famous in history. It buried the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum under meters of ash and pumice. The ash preserved the cities perfectly for nearly 2,000 years. Today, archaeologists study these ruins to learn about Roman life. The story of the eruption was recorded by Pliny the Younger, whose letters provide a clear eyewitness account. Studying historical eruptions helps scientists understand volcanic activity and improve early warning systems. While we cannot prevent eruptions, we can reduce the loss of life through careful monitoring and evacuation plans. Volcanoes remind us of the powerful forces that shape our planet. 38．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Volcanoes are not dangerous. B．Volcanoes can cause disasters but studying them helps us prepare. C．All volcanoes are extinct. D．Eruptions cannot be predicted. 39．What happened to Pompeii when Vesuvius erupted? A．It was destroyed by an earthquake. B．It was buried under ash and pumice. C．It was flooded by a tsunami. D．It was burned by fire. 40．How long were Pompeii’s ruins preserved? A．500 years. B．1,000 years. C．Nearly 2,000 years. D．3,000 years. 41．Why are Pliny the Younger’s letters important? A．They are written in Latin. B．They provide an eyewitness account of the eruption. C．They predict future eruptions. D．They describe Roman life only. 42．What can scientists do to reduce the loss of life from eruptions? A．Stop the eruptions. B．Monitor volcanoes and create evacuation plans. C．Ignore the warning signs. D．Move everyone away from volcanoes permanently. 【答案】38．B 39．B 40．C 41．B 42．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍火山的相关知识，以维苏威火山爆发为例，讲述火山喷发带来的灾难、庞贝古城的历史，说明研究火山可以完善预警，降低灾害伤亡。 【详解】38．全文既介绍火山喷发会带来巨大灾难，又提到研究火山能够完善预警系统、做好应对准备。 39．第二段指出：“It buried the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum under meters of ash and pumice”，维苏威火山爆发时庞贝被火山灰和浮石掩埋。 40．第二段指出：“The ash preserved the cities perfectly for nearly 2,000 years”，火山灰将这些城市完美地保存了近2000年。 41．第二段说明原因：“The story of the eruption was recorded by Pliny the Younger, whose letters provide a clear eyewitness account”，普林尼的信提供了关于这次爆发的清晰目击者记录，因此非常重要。 42．第三段指出：“While we cannot prevent eruptions, we can reduce the loss of life through careful monitoring and evacuation plans”，科学家可以通过仔细监测火山和制定撤离计划来减少生命损失。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 阅读理解专项训练 2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册（学生版） Passage 1 Droughts are becoming a serious problem in many parts of the world. A drought happens when there is little or no rain for a long time. This can lead to water shortages, crop failures, and even famine. In some African countries, droughts have lasted for years, forcing people to leave their homes in search of water. Climate change is making droughts more frequent and severe. Higher temperatures cause water to evaporate faster from the soil and plants. This means that even when it does rain, the water may not stay long enough to help crops grow. Scientists are working on new ways to save water, such as drip irrigation and drought-resistant crops. People can also help prevent water waste. Simple actions like fixing leaky taps, taking shorter showers, and using water-saving appliances can make a big difference. Governments should invest in water storage and management systems to prepare for dry periods. Everyone has a role to play in protecting our most precious resource—water. 1．What can cause a drought according to the text? A．Too much rain. B．Little or no rain for a long time. C．Floods. D．Earthquakes. 2．How is climate change affecting droughts? A．It is making them less frequent. B．It is making them more frequent and severe. C．It has no effect. D．It stops them completely. 3．What is the main idea of the text? A．How to grow crops in dry areas. B．The causes of droughts and how to save water. C．The history of droughts in Africa. D．How to build water storage systems. Passage 2 On July 22, heavy rain caused serious flooding in Zhengzhou, Henan Province. The rain was the heaviest in recorded history. Many areas were underwater and traffic was stopped. To help with the rescue, many high technologies were used. Drones (无人机) were sent to take photos and videos of the flooded areas. They helped rescue teams see which areas needed help most. Some drones could even carry small things like medicine and food to people on the roofs of buildings. Robots were also used in the rescue. Underwater robots could search for people trapped in cars or under water. They could go where it was too dangerous for humans to go. Satellites provided images from space. These images helped scientists understand how the flood was spreading and where the water was deepest. This information was very useful for planning rescue operations. With the help of these technologies, the rescue work was more efficient and many lives were saved. 4．What does the underlined word “efficient” in the last paragraph mean? A．Slow. B．High-efficiency C．Difficult. D．Dangerous. 5．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text? A．Drones helped rescue teams see which areas needed help. B．Underwater robots could search for people trapped under water. C．Satellites provided images from space. D．The flood in Zhengzhou was the heaviest in the world's history. 6．What is the best title for the text? A．The Flood in Zhengzhou B．How to Use Drones C．High Technologies in Rescue Work D．The History of Flooding in China Passage 3 If an electrical accident happens, do you know what to do? It is important for teenagers to learn the rules of electricity safety. What’s more, they also need to know what to do when an electrical accident happens. Yesterday, Tom saw his sister getting an electric shock (触电). He was afraid but remembered what the teacher taught him when an electrical accident happens. He wanted to save his sister, but he couldn’t touch her. He knew if he touched her, he might get an electric shock, too. However, he couldn’t find his parents. He had to run out to find an adult and asked him to help turn off the power. Then he called the police and told them about the accident. His sister looked fine after getting an electric shock. However, the police still took her to the hospital because electricity may hurt muscles (肌肉) from the inside of her body. After Tom’s parents came back home, they hugged Tom and thanked Tom. If Tom hadn’t known what to do when the electrical accident happened, his sister might have been killed. Therefore, teens should know some rules of electricity safety and try to follow the rules to keep safe. 7．How does the writer start the text? A．By telling a story. B．By listing numbers. C．By using a saying. D．By asking a question. 8．Why couldn’t Tom touch his sister at first? A．His parents told him not to do so. B．The teacher stopped him doing it. C．He knew he might get hurt as well. D．He was too scared to move his body. 9．How did Tom’s parents feel about his action? A．Thankful. B．Worried. C．Surprised. D．Nervous. 10．What is the writer’s purpose of writing the text? A．To tell a brave girl’s experience to people. B．To teach useful skills of solving accidents. C．To ask teens to learn electricity safety rules. D．To show the danger of getting an electric shock. Passage 4 As we all know, natural disasters can happen at any time. Being prepared can save your life. Here are some tips to help you get ready for emergencies. Make an emergency plan. Sit down with your family and talk about what to do if a disaster happens. Decide on a meeting place outside your home. Choose an out-of-town contact person who can help if your family gets separated. Prepare an emergency kit (应急包) . Your kit should include water (at least 1 litre per person per day for at least three days) , food that won’t go bad, a first-aid kit, a flashlight, batteries, and a whistle. Don’t forget to include any medicine your family needs. Learn basic skills. Everyone in the family should know how to call for help. Learn how to turn off the gas, water and electricity in your home. Take a first-aid course if possible. Stay informed. Listen to the radio or TV for news about disasters in your area. Sign up for emergency alerts (警报) on your phone. Remember, being prepared means you don’t have to be scared. 11．How much water should each person have per day according to the text? A．At least 1 litre. B．At least 2 litres. C．At least 3 litres. D．At least 4 litres. 12．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the emergency kit? A．Water. B．Food. C．A first-aid kit. D．A mobile phone. 13．What should you do to stay informed? A．Read newspapers every day. B．Listen to the radio or TV for news. C．Talk to your neighbours. D．Visit the library. 14．Where may we read the text? A．A magazine about health. B．A book about history. C．A magazine about safety. D．A book about science. Passage 5 It was a quiet morning in the small village. Maria was feeding her chickens when she noticed something strange. The birds were flying around wildly and making loud noises. Her dog, Rocky, was barking and running in circles. Maria felt a little worried but didn’t know why. Suddenly, the ground began to shake. Maria lost her balance and fell to the ground. She realized it was an earthquake. She crawled under a strong wooden table and covered her head with her arms. Rocky stayed by her side, shaking with fear. The shaking lasted for about 30 seconds. When it stopped, Maria carefully came out from under the table. She saw that some walls had cracked, but her house was still standing. She quickly took her emergency kit and ran outside to the open field. There, she met her neighbours. Everyone was safe, thanks to Maria’s quick thinking and the safety tips she had learned at school. 15．What did Maria notice before the earthquake? A．The sky turned dark. B．Her dog was sleeping. C．The birds and dog acted strangely. D．The ground was already shaking. 16．How long did the earthquake last? A．About 10 seconds. B．About 20 seconds. C．About 30 seconds. D．About 40 seconds. 17．What does the underlined word “crawled” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Ran quickly. B．Moved slowly on hands and knees. C．Jumped high. D．Walked steadily. 18．Which is the right order of the story? a. Maria ran outside to the open field. b. The ground began to shake. c. Maria crawled under a table. d. Maria noticed the birds acting strangely. e. Maria took her emergency kit. A．d-b-c-e-a B．b-d-c-e-a C．d-c-b-e-a D．b-c-d-e-a Passage 6 Creating a family disaster plan is an important step in keeping your loved ones safe. Here are some key points to include in your plan: • Choose two meeting places: one outside your home for sudden emergencies like fires, and another outside your neighbourhood in case you cannot return home. • Make sure everyone knows how to call 911 and has important phone numbers memorized. • Teach children how to turn off the water, gas, and electricity if necessary. • Plan escape routes from each room and practise them regularly. • Keep a list of emergency contacts, including an out-of-town relative who can help coordinate if local phone lines are down. Remember to review and update your plan at least once a year. Being prepared can reduce panic and save lives. 19．How many meeting places should a family choose according to the text? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 20．Who should be included in the emergency contacts? A．Only local friends. B．An out-of-town relative. C．The neighbour. D．The teacher. 21．How often should the plan be reviewed? A．Every month. B．Every six months. C．At least once a year. D．Never. 22．Where may this text appear? A．In a safety guidebook. B．In a storybook. C．In a science fiction. D．In a travel magazine. Passage 7 Niu Yu is a young woman from China. In 2008, when she was 11, the Wenchuan earthquake took her right leg. She had to wear an artificial leg. At first, she felt very uncomfortable. People’s stares made her feel bad. She tried to hide her leg under jeans. But with the support of her family, she gradually became brave. In 2018, she decided to stop hiding her leg. She even ran a half marathon. Now she is a fashion model and carries the torch at sports events. She encourages other disaster survivors to face life with courage. Her story shows that even after a terrible disaster, one can find strength and hope. 23．What happened to Niu Yu in 2008? A．She lost her left leg. B．She lost her right leg. C．She lost her arm. D．She lost her sight. 24．How did Niu Yu feel about her artificial leg at first? A．Proud. B．Uncomfortable. C．Excited. D．Indifferent. 25．When did she decide to stop hiding her leg? A．In 2008. B．In 2018. C．In 2021. D．In 2023. 26．What did Niu Yu do to show her strength? A．She ran a half marathon. B．She became a doctor. C．She wrote a book. D．She moved to another city. 27．What message does Niu Yu’s story convey? A．Disasters are always destructive. B．We should hide our weaknesses. C．We can find strength and hope after a disaster. D．Only young people can recover. Passage 8 I still remember the rainstorm that hit my hometown last spring. It arrived on a Saturday afternoon. At that time, I was reading in the library while my mum was shopping in the market. The sky turned dark suddenly. Strong wind blew and heavy rain fell down. The library manager told us not to leave too early. Outside, many trees fell down. Some roads were covered with water. I worried about my mum. I tried to call her, but the phone signal was weak. After two hours, the rain slowed down. Mum walked back safely. She said she stayed in a small shop and waited for the bad weather to pass. From this experience, I learn a useful lesson. Before heavy weather comes, we should watch weather warnings. When disaster strikes, do not make dangerous moves. Stay in safe places and wait for help if necessary. Now our school holds safety lessons every term. Teachers teach us how to face different disasters. I take careful notes. I believe this knowledge will help me when I meet danger one day. 28．What was the writer doing when the rainstorm came? A．Shopping in the market B．Reading in the library C．Walking on the street D．Watching TV at home 29．Why couldn’t the writer connect with mum easily? A．The phone had no power B．There was weak signal C．Mum lost her mobile phone D．Mum didn’t take a phone 30．How long did the heavy rain last before it slowed down? A．One hour B．Two hours C．Three hours D．Four hours 31．What does the writer advise us to do before bad weather? A．Go out for a long walk B．Watch weather warnings C．Drive through flooded roads D．Stay outside all the time 32．What can we learn from the passage? A．Safety knowledge is very important. B．Rainstorms only happen in spring. C．Mobile phones always work in storms. D．We can run everywhere during disasters. Passage 9 Last summer, my family and I were on holiday in a small coastal town when a typhoon hit. We had seen the weather warnings, but we didn’t expect it to be so strong. The wind started howling in the afternoon. The rain came down in sheets. We stayed in our hotel room and watched the storm outside. Trees were bending and falling. The power went out, and we sat in the dark, listening to the sounds of the storm. My little sister was scared, but I tried to stay calm. The hotel staff told everyone to stay indoors and away from windows. The typhoon lasted for about six hours. When it finally passed, we went outside and saw fallen trees and damaged buildings. Fortunately, no one was hurt. The local volunteers were already helping to clear the roads. The experience was scary, but it taught me the importance of listening to weather warnings and staying prepared. 33．Where did the writer’s family experience the typhoon? A．In a big city. B．In a coastal town. C．In the mountains. D．On a farm. 34．What did the writer see during the typhoon? A．Sunshine. B．Trees bending and falling. C．People walking outside. D．Calm weather. 35．What did the hotel staff tell guests to do? A．Go outside and help. B．Stay indoors and away from windows. C．Leave the hotel. D．Call their families. 36．How long did the typhoon last? A．About two hours. B．About six hours. C．About ten hours. D．The whole day. 37．What lesson did the writer learn from the experience? A．Typhoons are not dangerous. B．Listen to weather warnings and stay prepared. C．It’s fun to watch storms. D．Holidays in coastal towns are always risky. Passage 10 Volcanoes are openings in the Earth’s surface that allow hot magma, ash, and gases to escape. Some volcanoes are active, meaning they can erupt at any time. Others are dormant or extinct. When a volcano erupts, the effects can be catastrophic. Eruptions can release huge clouds of ash and smoke, block out the sun, and trigger landslides, tsunamis, and earthquakes. The eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD is one of the most famous in history. It buried the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum under meters of ash and pumice. The ash preserved the cities perfectly for nearly 2,000 years. Today, archaeologists study these ruins to learn about Roman life. The story of the eruption was recorded by Pliny the Younger, whose letters provide a clear eyewitness account. Studying historical eruptions helps scientists understand volcanic activity and improve early warning systems. While we cannot prevent eruptions, we can reduce the loss of life through careful monitoring and evacuation plans. Volcanoes remind us of the powerful forces that shape our planet. 38．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Volcanoes are not dangerous. B．Volcanoes can cause disasters but studying them helps us prepare. C．All volcanoes are extinct. D．Eruptions cannot be predicted. 39．What happened to Pompeii when Vesuvius erupted? A．It was destroyed by an earthquake. B．It was buried under ash and pumice. C．It was flooded by a tsunami. D．It was burned by fire. 40．How long were Pompeii’s ruins preserved? A．500 years. B．1,000 years. C．Nearly 2,000 years. D．3,000 years. 41．Why are Pliny the Younger’s letters important? A．They are written in Latin. B．They provide an eyewitness account of the eruption. C．They predict future eruptions. D．They describe Roman life only. 42．What can scientists do to reduce the loss of life from eruptions? A．Stop the eruptions. B．Monitor volcanoes and create evacuation plans. C．Ignore the warning signs. D．Move everyone away from volcanoes permanently. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $