精品解析：北京师范大学附属中学分校2026-2027学年高二上学期开学考英语试卷

2026北京北师大二附中高二(上)开学考 英语 2026.9.1 一、词汇(共两节，45分) 第一节(共30小题;每小题1分，共30分) 阅读下列各句，根据句意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出画线单词在句中的正确中文含义。 1. Friendship is about commitment. I don’t see some of my friends for ages but when we get together it is as if time hasn’t passed. A. 委托 B. 义务 C. 承诺 D. 开始 2. A change in movement and a drop in temperature indicate the exact moment of a dive into the water. A. 象征 B. 表明 C. 隐藏 D. 指出 3. An elephant walking towards something it liked would walk in a particular manner. A. 礼貌 B. 种类 C. 规矩 D. 方式 4. Prof Rory Wilson of Swansea University has been revealing the secrets of the animal kingdom. A. 掩盖 B. 泄露 C. 揭示 D. 暴露 5. The new app which monitors facial expressions to assess mood. A. 估价 B. 评估 C. 忽略 D. 估算 6. This danger can be avoided if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code. A. 面对 B. 想出 C. 计算出 D. 忽视 7. There is a growing body of evidence that demonstrates that your mood has a significant impact on your taste and smell. A. 次要的 B. 有意义的 C. 平凡的 D. 显著的 8. Mood and emotion can affect the “sensory discriminatory aspects of tasting”, which is why people often stop eating following a relationship break-up or when they are grieving (伤心) because food simply does not taste as good as during happier times. A. 主观的 B. 区别对待的 C. 无差别的 D. 模糊的 9. Public transport systems using computers and machines are believed to be more reliable than those in human control. A. 真实可信的 B. 可信赖的 C. 低效的 D. 确实 10. The only way to do it is to put something on the animal that will accompany it. A. 陪伴 B. 阻碍 C. 伴奏 D. 与……同时发生 11. As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns. A. 复杂的 B. 老练的 C. 见过世面的 D. 高雅的 12. The sensors within the chip are so accurate that they can easily detect behaviors that humans might not notice. A. 忽略 B. 误解 C. 察觉 D. 否认 13. This earlier chip was about five times larger than the current version. A. 版本 B. 翻译 C. 实验 D. 理论 14. They could have strong defenses against insects. A. 攻击 B. 投降 C. 防御 D. 忽视 15. Innovations like Emotion-Analysis-Technology serve a real purpose. A. 传统 B. 保守 C. 破坏 D. 创新 16. Sponsorship in sport is usually in the form of financial assistance offered by a commercial organization to a person or a team in return for publicity. A. 赞助 B. 投资 C. 捐赠 D. 贷款 17. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages. A. 广泛的 B. 有针对性的 C. 匿名的 D. 随机的 18. Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. A. 支持者 B. 评论家 C. 投资者 D. 用户 19. “Right.” He stroked the sleeping dog. “She saved my life.” A. 紧紧抓住 B. 愤怒拍打 C. 重重敲击 D. 轻轻抚摸 20. The dog awoke when he eased her down on the blanket. A. 猛推 B. 轻轻放下 C. 快速扔下 D. 用力按压 21. Alternatively, mid-point questions can be discouraged by signalling that you would prefer questions at the end. A. 隐藏 B. 表明 C. 忽略 D. 推迟 22. If you take this approach, however, it is important to bear in mind that when you get to the end, it may take a little time for people to reflect on what they have heard and to formulate a question. A. 忽视 B. 反思 C. 快速记录 D. 公开讨论 23. That’s because Garamba is huge, extending over nearly 2,000 square miles of mostly forested land, and it’s a rare, lucky event to come across any of its 40 remaining giraffes. A. 缩小 B. 扩散 C. 覆盖 D. 越过 24. “If the number slips in half then we’re in an extremely serious situation,” Fennessy says. “Every single giraffe is valuable.” A. 上升 B. 翻倍 C. 稳定 D. 减少 25. If you are looking for handmade anniversary gifts that you would like to give to your friends, you can give hand-painted salt shakers. A. 周年纪念 B. 节日庆典 C. 生日聚会 D. 毕业典礼 26. If you are a person who likes eco-friendly items then you can have a salt shaker made of bamboo. A. 物品 B. 食物 C. 项目 D. 材料 27. Nowadays high schools are faced with a very controversial issue whether or not community service hours are needed to graduate. A. 有争议的 B. 明确的 C. 无关紧要的 D. 简单的 28. The protestors argue that high school students do not have their driver’s license, so how are they expected to get to their community service site when their parents or friends are at work or just too busy to give them a ride. A. 经验 B. 驾照 C. 车辆 D. 方向感 29. Making the completion of personal finance coursework a requirement for graduation would ensure that young people are at least aware of the basics of preserving a financial stability. A. 破坏 B. 保持 C. 忽视 D. 建立 30. Without proper education on personal finance, especially as it relates to paying for college, young adults are guided into improper loan plans that result in years of debt after graduation. A. 理财 B. 法律 C. 管理 D. 消费 第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，共15分) 阅读下列各句，根据句意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 31. When a friend invited me to play golf and I _________ because the yard needed mowing, he didn’t hide his disbelief. A. assembled B. attached C. declined D. illustrated 32. I did as a broke grad student, when I hired a daily housekeeper so I could stay focused on what mattered most: research, writing, teaching and the _________ videogame when I wasn’t consumed by the first three. A. receptive B. occasional C. rational D. subjective 33. Every secret, whatever its subject, can be _________ based on three factors: whether we perceive it to be immoral, whether it involves other people, and whether it relates to our goals. A. categorized B. confessed C. distorted D. calculated 34. If I want to be more physically fit, then I might decide to bike to work — and to _________ that goal, I can decide that if it isn’t raining in the morning, then I’ll ride my bike instead of driving. A. concrete B. facilitate C. isolate D. schedule 35. Similarly, letting children read books they like and that interest them may be more motivating than focusing solely on their long-term academic _________. A. prospects B. vague C. candidates D. clarity 36. I still wanted to conduct _________ research and foster students’ critical thinking and scientific curiosity, but maybe it was time to look for another path toward those goals. A. crushing B. exhausting C. impactful D. prestigious 37. I liked that these universities _________ expertise and vision, along with the opportunity to build meaningful academic programs. A. browse B. emphasize C. grant D. distort 38. Close to 18% of people who regularly eat fruits reported better sleep, along with 12% of people who _________ a lot of vegetables and 13% of people who drink herbal tea. A. limit B. worsen C. investigate D. consume 39. Eating late in the evening or snacking until bedtime is linked to an “eveningness chronotype” (essentially being a night owl), which by itself has been _________ with nightmares in earlier studies. A. disturbed B. intolerant C. associated D. investigated 40. The leading AI companies have designed their chatbots to provide much positive _________ that users can become hooked on the loving attention. A. consultation B. companionship C. integration D. reinforcement 41. Most people prefer interacting with systems that are respectful and considerate rather than cold or _________. A. addictive B. dismissive C. observable D. approved 42. Contagious nocebo responses are so common that you may have experienced one yourself — ever _________ someone vomit and then felt nauseous? A. assumed B. coincided C. exaggerated D. witnessed 43. Through the power of suggestion, these posts can _________ real symptoms such as headaches, muscle pain, fainting fits and even cognitive impairment. A. establish B. observe C. trigger D. mount 44. “They have ocean-going boats,” Bromham says. “They have the desire to get to a new land,” humans colonize them _________. A. diversely B. deliberately C. sustainably D. critically 45. The typical female pet owner spends more time actively _________ with her pet than she spends in face-to-face contact with friends of her own species. A. engaged B. predicted C. transformed D. possessed 二、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1.5分，共22.5分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Dad is a retired patrol (巡逻) officer. In his precinct (警区) lived an infamous family, which consisted of a____46____single mother and her four sons. The three older sons were all____47____in crime. Many of the patrol officers knew the mom and____48____she knew them. She was always very____49____when questioned about her sons’ whercabouts (行踪).On one visit, my dad____50____a conversation. During their talk, she expressed her____51____in regard to her youngest boy. She felt powerless in____52____him to the straight and narrow. But the environment would not allow it. My dad agreed to offer the only____53____he could think of on the spot. He asked the con-cerned mother if she would allow her youngest boy to spend the summer at our house. It would be____54____for the boy to see another side of family life which he had never been____55____to. Although we must have seemed very unfamiliar to him, he had no trouble____56____.The whole neighborhood welcomed him and he loved the____57____. At the end of summer, he re-turned to his mother. I____58____about him several years later. Dad told me that after going back, the youngest son decided to go to night school for accounting. He eventually____59____an office job. He was the only son in that family who did not become a(n)____60____. 46. A. struggling B. demanding C. rewarding D. tiring 47. A. seated B. dressed C. involved D. disappointed 48. A. in person B. in turn C. in addition D. in contrast 49. A. hesitant B. energetic C. guilty D. cooperative 50. A. struck up B. insisted on C. kept up D. broke into 51. A. appreciation B. concern C. belief D. potential 52. A. driving B. transporting C. referring D. guiding 53. A. job B. experience C. solution D. excuse 54. A. convenient B. beneficial C. efficient D. flexible 55. A. entitled B. glued C. exposed D. compared 56. A. fitting in B. making up C. reacting to D. caring about 57. A. patience B. attitude C. decision D. attention 58. A. inquired B. argued C. brought D. bothered 59. A. created B. landed C. dismissed D. maintained 60. A. accountant B. officer C. criminal D. neighbour 三、语法填空(共15小题;每小题1.5分，共22.5分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式作答。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 This chip contains pressure, temperature and light sensors — offering an extraordinary view of an animal’s life. The chip, Prof Wilson explained, does exactly ____61____ our smartphones or fitness monitors do, continually tracking and recording the wearer’s position and movements. “This is a novel written by an animal. It’s very exciting to be the first person ____62____ (open) that novel.” This earlier chip was about five times larger than the current version, 27mm ____63____ and 4mm thick — and weighing 1.2g. So far the group at Swansea ____64____ (record) the lives of more than 1,000 animals and 100 different species. Prof Wilson said the whole enterprise was a team effort. His group consists of academics, postdocs and students, ____65____ spend months searching through all the data collected by the chips. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式作答。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 “Robots are just a bunch of metal,” ____66____ (say) one engineer. “If you are scared, then you are scared of the people building them.” So what do engineers think we should be afraid of? Nanotechnology is the science which involves ____67____ (develop) and making extremely small but very powerful machines. Some engineers suggest that with these new developments come “severe dangers” if they ____68____ (use) inappropriately. Its theory goes ____69____ “the small size and rapid potential of nano-built weaponry (武器) will make it difficult to control and hard to keep out of the hands of terrorists.” And this is a view shared by some artificial intelligence experts. “With robots… if it makes an error, you can unplug (拔掉) it and shut it down. But if you have lots of nano-built weapons, which are ____70____ (extreme) small, there is no way you can do the same thing.” C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式作答。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Simon came in slowly, carrying the dog. He handed me a small ____71____ (rag) blanket. People bring blankets, pillows, small ____72____ (toy) — things familiar to the animal. Somehow they are a comfort. The dog ____73____ (awake) when he eased her down on the blanket. She glanced at Simon gently and licked his hand once, as if sensing his pain. Suddenly I realized that I was aware of Simon’s grief. The dog had lived with him for two decades. Simon’s hands ____74____ (touch) the dog as she went away. Most people need a few minutes alone with their departed friend. As I closed the door, Simon ____75____ (bend) over the small dog, metal shoulders shaking. He cried, but the only tears were my own. 四、阅读理解(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Dear Diary Many people have the habit of writing a diary. They try to describe clearly and remember correctly all that they see and admire. The word “diary” comes from the Latin word “diarium”, which means “daily allowance”. ____76____ Some experts suggest that keeping a diary is a good form of self-study. In America, from the 1940s through the 1980s, a diary was thought of mostly as a way to express one’s deepest thoughts while keeping notations about the day. In those times, writing in a diary was like writing to a friend. Many times, movies would show a teenage girl beginning to write in her diary while she said aloud “Dear diary,...” ____77____ Private diaries may have historical significance long after the author’s death. Those diaries are regarded as the result of how a particular author experienced all the things around. ____78____ A diary kept by a Jewish girl by the name of Anne Frank documented her experiences while she hid from the Nazis in World War II. Her diary has become one of the world’s most widely read books. Samuel Pepys, who lived during the 17th century, is still very famous today. His diary was also an important documentation of history. ____79____ Pepys took diary writing from the general area of business to personal preference. Reading his diary is extremely interesting, and it makes his life all the more real to us. ____80____ The electronic version of the diary, the blog, has made it much more than a personal account of the day’s events. There are blogs to document recipes, traveling, product announcements, and anything else that needs to be recorded over time. Search engines like Technorati.com have been created to keep track of millions of blogs that are available for anyone. Diary has become more popular than ever. A. It refers to a book consisting of many small parts of writings by date. B. More and more personal diaries have given the attention to public interest. C. They’ve proved that writing diaries is highly beneficial to historical development. D. By extension the term “diary” has been used to mean the publication in some way. E. It gave his clear understanding of some big events such as the Great Fire of London. F. They show how people accepted or resisted the time and the place in which they lived. G. What followed was a summary of the day filled with a strong feeling such as love or hate. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026北京北师大二附中高二(上)开学考 英语 2026.9.1 一、词汇(共两节，45分) 第一节(共30小题;每小题1分，共30分) 阅读下列各句，根据句意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出画线单词在句中的正确中文含义。 1. Friendship is about commitment. I don’t see some of my friends for ages but when we get together it is as if time hasn’t passed. A. 委托 B. 义务 C. 承诺 D. 开始 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：友谊关乎承诺。我多年不见一些朋友，但相聚时仿佛时光从未流逝。根据下文“but when we get together it is as if time hasn’t passed”可知，即使久未谋面，重逢时情谊依旧如初，这正体现了友谊中彼此之间始终如一的牵挂与承诺。所以commitment的意思为“承诺”。 2. A change in movement and a drop in temperature indicate the exact moment of a dive into the water. A. 象征 B. 表明 C. 隐藏 D. 指出 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：动作的变化以及温度的下降，表明入水的那一确切时刻。根据句意可知，划线词为“表明”。 3. An elephant walking towards something it liked would walk in a particular manner. A. 礼貌 B. 种类 C. 规矩 D. 方式 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：一头大象走向它喜欢的事物时，会以一种特别的方式行走。根据“walk in a particular”可知，此处指用特别的方式行走，manner表“方式”。 4. Prof Rory Wilson of Swansea University has been revealing the secrets of the animal kingdom. A. 掩盖 B. 泄露 C. 揭示 D. 暴露 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：斯旺西大学的罗里·威尔逊教授一直在揭示动物王国的奥秘。句中划线单词revealing此处搭配名词secrets(奥秘)，对应含义为“揭示”，该含义侧重通过研究、探索将原本不为人知的事物、规律等展现出来，契合学术场景下教授研究动物领域未知内容的语境。 5. The new app which monitors facial expressions to assess mood. A. 估价 B. 评估 C. 忽略 D. 估算 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：这款新应用通过监测面部表情来评估情绪。由语意可知，assess表示对某事物进行评价和判断，此处指通过面部表情来判断情绪状态，“评估”符合语境。 6. This danger can be avoided if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code. A. 面对 B. 想出 C. 计算出 D. 忽视 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果我们想出如何将人类价值观转化为可编程代码，这种危险是可以避免的。根据“how to turn human values into a programmable code”可知，此处强调要通过思考找到解决问题、避免危险的方法，figure out在此处意为“弄懂、想出、找到……的办法”，所以B项正确。 7. There is a growing body of evidence that demonstrates that your mood has a significant impact on your taste and smell. A. 次要的 B. 有意义的 C. 平凡的 D. 显著的 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：越来越多的证据表明，你的情绪对你的味觉和嗅觉有显著影响。根据a growing body of evidence可知，此处指越来越多的证据表明情绪对味觉和嗅觉有“显著的”影响，significant意为“显著的”。 8. Mood and emotion can affect the “sensory discriminatory aspects of tasting”, which is why people often stop eating following a relationship break-up or when they are grieving (伤心) because food simply does not taste as good as during happier times. A. 主观的 B. 区别对待的 C. 无差别的 D. 模糊的 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：情绪和情感会影响“味觉的辨别能力”，这就是为什么人们在分手后或伤心时经常停止进食，因为食物尝起来根本不如开心时那么好。结合语境，伤心时食物尝起来不如开心时好，说明情绪会影响味觉的辨别能力。由此可知，discriminatory意为“区别对待的”。 9. Public transport systems using computers and machines are believed to be more reliable than those in human control. A. 真实可信的 B. 可信赖的 C. 低效的 D. 确实 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：使用计算机和机器的公共交通系统被认为比由人类控制的那些更可靠。根据Public transport systems using computers and machines可知，此处指计算机和机器控制的系统比人类控制的更“可靠”，reliable意为“可信赖的，可靠的”。 10. The only way to do it is to put something on the animal that will accompany it. A. 陪伴 B. 阻碍 C. 伴奏 D. 与……同时发生 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：唯一的方法就是在动物身上放一个会陪伴它的东西。根据put something on the animal可知，此处指放一个能“陪伴”动物的东西，accompany表示“陪伴”。 11. As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns. A. 复杂的 B. 老练的 C. 见过世面的 D. 高雅的 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：随着人工智能（AI）变得愈发复杂，人们的担忧也与日俱增。根据句意可知，划线处为“复杂的”意思。 12. The sensors within the chip are so accurate that they can easily detect behaviors that humans might not notice. A. 忽略 B. 误解 C. 察觉 D. 否认 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：芯片内的传感器非常精确，它们可以轻易察觉人类可能注意不到的行为。根据The sensors within the chip are so accurate可知，此处指传感器能“察觉”人类注意不到的行为，detect意为“察觉，发现”。 13. This earlier chip was about five times larger than the current version. A. 版本 B. 翻译 C. 实验 D. 理论 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个早期的芯片大约是当前版本的五倍大。根据This earlier chip可知，此处是将早期的芯片与当前的“版本”进行大小对比，version意为“版本”。 14. They could have strong defenses against insects. A. 攻击 B. 投降 C. 防御 D. 忽视 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：它们对昆虫可能有很强的防御能力。根据against insects可知，defenses意思是“防御、防护”。 15. Innovations like Emotion-Analysis-Technology serve a real purpose. A. 传统 B. 保守 C. 破坏 D. 创新 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：像情绪分析技术这样的创新有着切实的用途。根据句中“Emotion-Analysis-Technology”这一新兴科技及谓语动词“serve a real purpose”可知，此处强调的是新颖的发明创造在实际生活中的价值，所以innovation的意思为“创新”。 16. Sponsorship in sport is usually in the form of financial assistance offered by a commercial organization to a person or a team in return for publicity. A. 赞助 B. 投资 C. 捐赠 D. 贷款 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：体育赞助通常表现为商业组织向个人或团队提供经济援助，以换取宣传。根据financial assistance offered by a commercial organization to a person or a team in return for publicity可知，此处指商业组织提供资金换取宣传，即“赞助”。 17. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages. A. 广泛的 B. 有针对性的 C. 匿名的 D. 随机的 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：Facebook随后试图通过将用户数据出售给想要发送定向消息的广告商来赚钱。根据空前的动词send以及空后的名词messages可知，此处需要一个形容词修饰messages；结合句意，广告商购买用户数据是为了向特定用户发送“有针对性的”消息，targeted意为“有针对性的，定向的”，与所给选项“有针对性的”含义一致。 18. Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. A. 支持者 B. 评论家 C. 投资者 D. 用户 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：一些评论人士认为，这更多是Facebook试图赚取更多利润的表现。根据后文“this is more about Facebook looking to make more money”可知是在给出评论，critics表示“评论家”。 19. “Right.” He stroked the sleeping dog. “She saved my life.” A. 紧紧抓住 B. 愤怒拍打 C. 重重敲击 D. 轻轻抚摸 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：“是的。”他轻轻抚摸着熟睡的狗。“她救了我的命。”由语意可知，stroked表示轻轻地抚摸，与the sleeping dog搭配，体现温柔的动作，轻轻抚摸符合语境。 20. The dog awoke when he eased her down on the blanket. A. 猛推 B. 轻轻放下 C. 快速扔下 D. 用力按压 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：当他轻轻地把她放到毯子上时，这条狗醒了过来。根据句意可知，划线词为“轻轻放下”。 21. Alternatively, mid-point questions can be discouraged by signalling that you would prefer questions at the end. A. 隐藏 B. 表明 C. 忽略 D. 推迟 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：或者，可以通过表明你更希望在最后提问来阻止中途提问。根据后文宾语从句“that you would prefer questions at the end”可知，空处表示明确传递自身倾向的动作，signal意为“表明”。 22. If you take this approach, however, it is important to bear in mind that when you get to the end, it may take a little time for people to reflect on what they have heard and to formulate a question. A. 忽视 B. 反思 C. 快速记录 D. 公开讨论 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：然而，如果采用这种方法，有一点很重要需要记住：当你讲完时，人们可能需要一点时间来反思所听到的内容，并构思出想问的问题。reflect on为动词短语，意为“反思”。 23. That’s because Garamba is huge, extending over nearly 2,000 square miles of mostly forested land, and it’s a rare, lucky event to come across any of its 40 remaining giraffes. A. 缩小 B. 扩散 C. 覆盖 D. 越过 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：那是因为加兰巴非常大，延伸覆盖了近2000平方英里的大部分被森林覆盖的土地，能遇到它仅存的40只长颈鹿之一是一件罕见而幸运的事。根据空前的“extending over nearly 2,000 square miles of mostly forested land”可知，此处描述加兰巴的面积范围，“extending over”意为“延伸覆盖”，与所给选项“覆盖”含义一致。 24. “If the number slips in half then we’re in an extremely serious situation,” Fennessy says. “Every single giraffe is valuable.” A. 上升 B. 翻倍 C. 稳定 D. 减少 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：“如果数量减半，那我们就会面临极其严峻的处境，”芬内西说道，“每一只长颈鹿都弥足珍贵。”根据后文“we’re in an extremely serious situation”和句意可知，划线词为“减少”。 25. If you are looking for handmade anniversary gifts that you would like to give to your friends, you can give hand-painted salt shakers. A. 周年纪念 B. 节日庆典 C. 生日聚会 D. 毕业典礼 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你正在寻找手工制作的周年纪念礼物送给朋友，你可以送手绘盐瓶。anniversary意为“周年纪念日”，作定语修饰gifts。 26. If you are a person who likes eco-friendly items then you can have a salt shaker made of bamboo. A. 物品 B. 食物 C. 项目 D. 材料 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你是一个喜欢环保物品的人，那么你可以拥有一个竹制的盐瓶。根据you can have a salt shaker made of bamboo可知，此处指喜欢环保“物品”的人可以拥有一个竹制的盐瓶，items意为“物品”。 27. Nowadays high schools are faced with a very controversial issue whether or not community service hours are needed to graduate. A. 有争议的 B. 明确的 C. 无关紧要的 D. 简单的 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：如今高中面临一个颇具争议的问题：毕业是否需要完成社区服务时长。由语境和句意可知，本句中controversial表“有争议的”，作定语。 28. The protestors argue that high school students do not have their driver’s license, so how are they expected to get to their community service site when their parents or friends are at work or just too busy to give them a ride. A. 经验 B. 驾照 C. 车辆 D. 方向感 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：抗议者认为，高中生没有他们的驾照，所以当他们的父母或朋友在上班或太忙而无法送他们一程时，他们该如何到达社区服务地点呢？根据how are they expected to get to their community service site when their parents or friends are at work or just too busy to give them a ride可知，此处讨论的是高中生没有驾照的问题。 29. Making the completion of personal finance coursework a requirement for graduation would ensure that young people are at least aware of the basics of preserving a financial stability. A. 破坏 B. 保持 C. 忽视 D. 建立 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：将完成个人理财课程作为毕业要求，将确保年轻人至少了解保持财务稳定的基本知识。根据空前的“the basics of”以及空后的“a financial stability”可知，此处表示“保持财务稳定”的基础知识，preserving意为“保持，维护”，与所给选项“保持”含义一致。 30. Without proper education on personal finance, especially as it relates to paying for college, young adults are guided into improper loan plans that result in years of debt after graduation. A. 理财 B. 法律 C. 管理 D. 消费 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：由于缺乏正确的个人理财教育，尤其是关于大学学费支付方面的知识，许多年轻人被引导进入不恰当的贷款计划，导致毕业后背上多年债务。后文提到的大学缴费、不当贷款、毕业后续多年负债等内容，都和个人财务规划也就是理财相关，因此finance意为“理财”。 第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，共15分) 阅读下列各句，根据句意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 31. When a friend invited me to play golf and I _________ because the yard needed mowing, he didn’t hide his disbelief. A. assembled B. attached C. declined D. illustrated 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：当一个朋友邀请我去打高尔夫球，而我因为院子需要除草而拒绝时，他毫不掩饰他的难以置信。A. assembled聚集；B. attached附加；C. declined拒绝；D. illustrated说明。根据“because the yard needed mowing”可知，朋友邀请我打球，我因为要给院子除草而“拒绝”了邀请，C项符合语境。 32. I did as a broke grad student, when I hired a daily housekeeper so I could stay focused on what mattered most: research, writing, teaching and the _________ videogame when I wasn’t consumed by the first three. A. receptive B. occasional C. rational D. subjective 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我读研究生时囊中羞涩，却还是雇了一名日常家政保洁，这样我就能够专心投入最重要的事情：科研、写作、教学；在不被前三项事务耗尽精力的时候，偶尔还能打打电子游戏。A. receptive乐于接受的；B. occasional偶尔的；C. rational理性的；D. subjective主观的。句中“when I wasn’t consumed by the first three”意为“当我不被前三者占据时间时”，说明玩电子游戏是在空闲时间进行的，即“偶尔的”电子游戏。 33. Every secret, whatever its subject, can be _________ based on three factors: whether we perceive it to be immoral, whether it involves other people, and whether it relates to our goals. A. categorized B. confessed C. distorted D. calculated 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：每一个秘密，无论内容是什么，都可以依据三个因素加以分类：我们是否认为它是不道德的、它是否涉及其他人，以及它是否和我们自身的目标相关。A. categorize分类；B. confess坦白；C. distort扭曲；D. calculate计算。根据whether we perceive it to be immoral, whether it involves other people, and whether it relates to our goals.可知，秘密可以基于三个因素来进行分类。 34. If I want to be more physically fit, then I might decide to bike to work — and to _________ that goal, I can decide that if it isn’t raining in the morning, then I’ll ride my bike instead of driving. A. concrete B. facilitate C. isolate D. schedule 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果我想身体更健康，那么我可能会决定骑自行车上班——为了促进那个目标的实现，我可以决定如果早上不下雨，我就骑自行车而不是开车。 A. concrete用混凝土浇筑；B. facilitate促进；C. isolate隔离；D. schedule安排。 根据“that goal, I can decide that if it isn’t raining in the morning, then I’ll ride my bike instead of driving.”可知，表示促进那个目标的实现。 35. Similarly, letting children read books they like and that interest them may be more motivating than focusing solely on their long-term academic _________. A. prospects B. vague C. candidates D. clarity 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：同样地，让孩子们阅读他们喜欢且感兴趣的书，可能比仅仅关注他们长期的学业前景更能激发他们的动力。A. prospects前景；B. vague模糊的；C. candidates候选人；D. clarity清晰。根据“long-term academic”可知，此处指学业前景，academic prospects为常见搭配，意为“学业前景”，所以A项正确。 36. I still wanted to conduct _________ research and foster students’ critical thinking and scientific curiosity, but maybe it was time to look for another path toward those goals. A. crushing B. exhausting C. impactful D. prestigious 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我仍然想进行有影响力的研究，培养学生的批判性思维和科学好奇心，但也许是时候寻找实现这些目标的另一条路径了。A. crushing压倒性的；B. exhausting令人疲惫的；C. impactful有影响力的；D. prestigious有声望的。空格处修饰“research（研究）”，且与后文“培养学生的批判性思维和科学好奇心”这一积极目标相呼应，应填入表示积极意义且符合研究特性的词汇，“有影响力的”最符合语境。 37. I liked that these universities _________ expertise and vision, along with the opportunity to build meaningful academic programs. A. browse B. emphasize C. grant D. distort 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我喜欢这些大学强调专业知识和视野，以及建立有意义的学术项目的机会。A. browse浏览；B. emphasize强调；C. grant授予；D. distort扭曲。根据下文的expertise and vision, along with the opportunity to build meaningful academic programs可知，此处表达大学注重或强调专业知识和视野。 38. Close to 18% of people who regularly eat fruits reported better sleep, along with 12% of people who _________ a lot of vegetables and 13% of people who drink herbal tea. A. limit B. worsen C. investigate D. consume 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：接近18%经常吃水果的人报告说睡眠更好，同时还有12%吃大量蔬菜的人和13%喝花草茶的人也报告了同样的情况。A. limit限制；B. worsen恶化；C. investigate调查；D. consume消耗，吃喝。此处与前文的“eat（吃）”和后文的“drink（喝）”相呼应，表达“吃/消耗大量蔬菜”的意思，consume符合语境。 39. Eating late in the evening or snacking until bedtime is linked to an “eveningness chronotype” (essentially being a night owl), which by itself has been _________ with nightmares in earlier studies. A. disturbed B. intolerant C. associated D. investigated 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：晚上吃得晚或吃零食直到就寝时间与“晚睡型作息”（本质上就是夜猫子）有关，而在早期的研究中，这种作息本身就与噩梦有关。A. disturbed心神不安的；B. intolerant不宽容的；C. associated有联系的；D. investigated被调查的。 根据“Eating late in the evening or snacking until bedtime is linked to an “eveningness chronotype””可知，作息和噩梦有关，固定搭配be associated with...，意为“与……有关”。 40. The leading AI companies have designed their chatbots to provide much positive _________ that users can become hooked on the loving attention. A. consultation B. companionship C. integration D. reinforcement 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：头部人工智能公司设计了它们的聊天机器人，以提供如此多的积极强化，以至于用户会沉迷于这种充满关爱的关注。A. consultation咨询；B. companionship陪伴；C. integration整合；D. reinforcement强化。根据that users can become hooked on the loving attention可知，此处指聊天机器人不断给出友善暖心的回应，对用户形成心理上的正向强化，从而让用户上瘾。 41. Most people prefer interacting with systems that are respectful and considerate rather than cold or _________. A. addictive B. dismissive C. observable D. approved 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：大多数人更喜欢与尊重人且体贴的系统互动，而不是冷漠或轻蔑的系统。A. addictive使人上瘾的；B. dismissive轻蔑的；C. observable可观察的；D. approved被认可的。题干中包含句型prefer... rather than...“宁愿……而不愿……”，表示前后两部分的对比关系。空格处的词与cold“冷漠的”并列，且与前文的“respectful and considerate”意思相反，表示冷漠或轻蔑的系统，所以dismissive符合语境。 42. Contagious nocebo responses are so common that you may have experienced one yourself — ever _________ someone vomit and then felt nauseous? A. assumed B. coincided C. exaggerated D. witnessed 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：传染性的反安慰剂反应非常普遍，以至于你可能自己也经历过——曾经目睹某人呕吐，然后自己也觉得恶心吗？A. assumed假设；B. coincided巧合；C. exaggerated夸大；D. witnessed目击。根据“someone vomit and then felt nauseous”及句意可知，此处是指看到他人呕吐，自己也随之产生恶心的感受。 43. Through the power of suggestion, these posts can _________ real symptoms such as headaches, muscle pain, fainting fits and even cognitive impairment. A. establish B. observe C. trigger D. mount 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：通过心理暗示的力量，这些帖子能够引发真实的症状，如头痛、肌肉疼痛、昏厥甚至认知障碍。A. establish建立；B. observe观察；C. trigger引发；D. mount增加。根据“real symptoms such as headaches, muscle pain, fainting fits and even cognitive impairment”可知，此处表示这些帖子能够导致或引发真实的症状。 44. “They have ocean-going boats,” Bromham says. “They have the desire to get to a new land,” humans colonize them _________. A. diversely B. deliberately C. sustainably D. critically 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：“他们拥有远洋船只，”布罗姆汉说，“他们渴望抵达一片新大陆”，人类有意殖民这些地方。A. diversely不同地；B. deliberately故意地；C. sustainably可持续地；D. critically严重地。根据上文“They have the desire to get to a new land”可知，人类是有意识、主动刻意地去殖民这些区域。 45. The typical female pet owner spends more time actively _________ with her pet than she spends in face-to-face contact with friends of her own species. A. engaged B. predicted C. transformed D. possessed 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：典型的女性宠物主人花在与宠物积极互动上的时间，比她与同类朋友面对面交流的时间还要多。A. engaged参与、互动；B. predicted预测；C. transformed转变；D. possessed拥有。根据“face-to-face contact with friends”可知，此处表达的是主人与宠物之间的积极互动、情感投入。固定搭配engage with表示“与……互动、密切接触”。 二、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1.5分，共22.5分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Dad is a retired patrol (巡逻) officer. In his precinct (警区) lived an infamous family, which consisted of a____46____single mother and her four sons. The three older sons were all____47____in crime. Many of the patrol officers knew the mom and____48____she knew them. She was always very____49____when questioned about her sons’ whercabouts (行踪).On one visit, my dad____50____a conversation. During their talk, she expressed her____51____in regard to her youngest boy. She felt powerless in____52____him to the straight and narrow. But the environment would not allow it. My dad agreed to offer the only____53____he could think of on the spot. He asked the con-cerned mother if she would allow her youngest boy to spend the summer at our house. It would be____54____for the boy to see another side of family life which he had never been____55____to. Although we must have seemed very unfamiliar to him, he had no trouble____56____.The whole neighborhood welcomed him and he loved the____57____. At the end of summer, he re-turned to his mother. I____58____about him several years later. Dad told me that after going back, the youngest son decided to go to night school for accounting. He eventually____59____an office job. He was the only son in that family who did not become a(n)____60____. 46. A. struggling B. demanding C. rewarding D. tiring 47. A. seated B. dressed C. involved D. disappointed 48. A. in person B. in turn C. in addition D. in contrast 49. A. hesitant B. energetic C. guilty D. cooperative 50. A. struck up B. insisted on C. kept up D. broke into 51. A. appreciation B. concern C. belief D. potential 52. A. driving B. transporting C. referring D. guiding 53. A. job B. experience C. solution D. excuse 54. A. convenient B. beneficial C. efficient D. flexible 55. A. entitled B. glued C. exposed D. compared 56. A. fitting in B. making up C. reacting to D. caring about 57. A. patience B. attitude C. decision D. attention 58. A. inquired B. argued C. brought D. bothered 59. A. created B. landed C. dismissed D. maintained 60. A. accountant B. officer C. criminal D. neighbour 【答案】46. A 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. D 53. C 54. B 55. C 56. A 57. D 58. A 59. B 60. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者的爸爸是退休警察，他的辖区里有一个单身母亲，大点的三个儿子都犯罪，那位母亲害怕小儿子也步哥哥们的后尘，作者的爸爸建议让小儿子到作者的家里过夏天，这改变了这个小儿子，让他成为他家唯一没有成为职业罪犯的儿子。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸是一名退休的巡逻官员。在他的辖区住着一个臭名昭著的家庭，其中包括一个苦苦挣扎的单身母亲和她的四个儿子。A. struggling挣扎；B. demanding要求；C. rewarding奖励；D. tiring累人。根据下文“The three older sons were all____2____in crime.”可知，那位单身母亲的三个儿子都犯罪，所以她是苦苦挣扎的。故选A项。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：三个儿子都卷入了犯罪。A. seated坐下的；B. dressed穿着衣服的；C. involved参与的；D. disappointed失望的。根据空后“in crime”可知是参与了犯罪。故选C项。 【48题详解】 考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：许多巡逻人员认识这位母亲，反过来她也认识他们。A. in person亲自；B. in turn反过来；C. in addition另外；D. in contrast对比。根据“officers knew the mom and____3____she knew them.”可知，许多巡逻员和这位母亲互相认识，故选B项。 【49题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当被问及儿子们的行踪时，她总是非常合作。A. hesitant犹豫不决的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. guilty内疚的；D. cooperative合作的。根据下文“During their talk, she expressed her　　　6　　　　　in regard to her youngest boy. She felt powerless in　　　　7　　　　him to the straight and narrow.”可知，那位母亲给作为警察的作者的爸爸说了很多，因此当被问及她儿子们在哪里时，她总是很配合。故选D项。 【50题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：有一次来访，我父亲聊了起来。A. struck up开始对话，搭讪；B. insisted on坚持；C. kept up跟上；D. broke into闯入。根据下文“During their talk”可知，父亲与那位母亲有谈话，strike up a conversion意思是“开始对话、搭讪”，故选A项。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们的谈话中，她表达了对小儿子的担忧。A. appreciation欣赏；B. concern担心；C. belief信念；D. potential潜力。根据上文“The three older sons were all____2____in crime”她的三个儿子都已犯罪，所以这个母亲是担心他最小的儿子也会步哥哥们的后尘，故选B项。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她感到无力引导他走正路。A. driving驾驶；B. transporting运输；C. referring参考；D. guiding引导。根据“She felt powerless”可知，她在教育儿子方面感到无力，不知道如何去引导，故选D项。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父亲同意提供他当场能想到的唯一解决方案。A. job工作；B. experience经验；C. solution解决方案；D. excuse借口。根据上文“But the environment would not allow it.”可知，她对引导孩子感到无力没有办法，父亲给她提供了能想到的解决方案，故选C项。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：男孩看到他从未接触过的家庭生活的另一面将是有益的。A. convenient方便的；B. beneficial有益的；C. efficient高效的；D. flexible灵活的。根据“He asked the concerned mother if she would allow her youngest boy to spend the summer at our house. (他问那位忧心忡忡的母亲，她是否允许她最小的男孩在我们家度过夏天)”可知父亲认为允许她最小孩子在我们家度过夏天是有益的。故选B项。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：男孩看到他从未接触过的家庭生活的另一面将是有益的。A. entitled标题；B. glued粘合；C. exposed使接触；D. compared比较。根据“the boy to see another side of family life which he had never been____10____to.”可知，父亲的目的是让小男孩接触从未接触过的家庭生活，故选C项。 【56题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：虽然我们一定对他来说很陌生，但他毫不费力地适应了。A. fitting in适合；B. making up弥补；C. reacting to反应；D. caring about关心。根据下文“The whole neighborhood welcomed him and he loved the____12____.”可知，小男孩很快就适应了新的环境，并且还受到邻居的欢迎。故选A项。 【57题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个社区都欢迎他，他喜欢这种关注。A. patience耐心；B. attitude态度；C. decision决定；D. attention关注。根据“The whole neighborhood welcomed him and he loved the____12____.”可知，小男孩受到了邻居的欢迎，而且他自己也喜欢被邻居关注到。故选D项。 【58题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年后，我问过他。A. inquired询问；B. argued争论；C. brought带来；D. bothered烦恼。根据下文“Dad told me that after going back”可知，我询问了小男孩，父亲告诉我小男孩的情况。故选A项。 【59题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他最终找到了一份办公室工作。A. created创建；B. landed成功得到；C. dismissed被解雇；D. maintained维持。根据上文“the youngest son decided to go to night school for accounting”及下文“an office job”可知，小男孩回去后去夜校学习了会计，并且得到了一份办公室的工作，故选B项。 【60题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是那个家庭中唯一没有成为罪犯的儿子。A. accountant会计师；B. officer官员；C. criminal犯罪；D. neighbour邻居。根据前文“single mother and her four sons.”及“The three older sons were all____2____in crime.”可知，单身母亲的三个儿子已犯罪，结合“He eventually____14____ an office job.”可知，她的小儿子是唯一一个没犯罪的，故选C项。 三、语法填空(共15小题;每小题1.5分，共22.5分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式作答。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 This chip contains pressure, temperature and light sensors — offering an extraordinary view of an animal’s life. The chip, Prof Wilson explained, does exactly ____61____ our smartphones or fitness monitors do, continually tracking and recording the wearer’s position and movements. “This is a novel written by an animal. It’s very exciting to be the first person ____62____ (open) that novel.” This earlier chip was about five times larger than the current version, 27mm ____63____ and 4mm thick — and weighing 1.2g. So far the group at Swansea ____64____ (record) the lives of more than 1,000 animals and 100 different species. Prof Wilson said the whole enterprise was a team effort. His group consists of academics, postdocs and students, ____65____ spend months searching through all the data collected by the chips. 【答案】61. what 62. to open 63. across 64. has recorded 65. who 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了一种动物追踪芯片的功能、尺寸、数据记录成果及研究团队构成。 【61题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：威尔逊教授解释说，这种芯片的功能与我们的智能手机或健身监测器完全相同，能够持续追踪并记录佩戴者的位置和运动。空处引导宾语从句，作does的宾语，且从句中缺少宾语，此时应用连接代词what引导宾语从句，此处表示智能手机或健身监测器所能做的事。 【62题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：成为第一个打开那本小说的人，这是非常令人兴奋的。句中已有谓语动词is，空处应填非谓语动词。此处为the first person to do sth.，其中不定式作后置定语修饰person，表示“第一个做某事的人”，因此空处应填to open。 【63题详解】 考查副词。句意：这种早期的芯片比现在的版本约大五倍，尺寸为27毫米宽、4毫米厚，重1.2克。此处描述芯片的尺寸，across在这里是副词，常出现在“数词+单位+across”结构中，表示“横宽、直径”，用以说明物体的横向跨度。 【64题详解】 考查时态。句意：到目前为止，斯旺西大学的研究小组已经记录了1000多只动物和100个不同物种的生活。根据时间状语So far可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示从过去持续到现在的动作。主语the group为单数，助动词应用has，空处填has recorded。 【65题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他的团队由学者、博士后和学生组成，他们花费数月时间筛选芯片收集的所有数据。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词academics, postdocs and students，指人，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词who引导。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式作答。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 “Robots are just a bunch of metal,” ____66____ (say) one engineer. “If you are scared, then you are scared of the people building them.” So what do engineers think we should be afraid of? Nanotechnology is the science which involves ____67____ (develop) and making extremely small but very powerful machines. Some engineers suggest that with these new developments come “severe dangers” if they ____68____ (use) inappropriately. Its theory goes ____69____ “the small size and rapid potential of nano-built weaponry (武器) will make it difficult to control and hard to keep out of the hands of terrorists.” And this is a view shared by some artificial intelligence experts. “With robots… if it makes an error, you can unplug (拔掉) it and shut it down. But if you have lots of nano-built weapons, which are ____70____ (extreme) small, there is no way you can do the same thing.” 【答案】66. says##said 67. developing 68. are used 69. that 70. extremely 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了工程师和人工智能专家的相关观点，指出相比机器人，不合理使用纳米技术会带来更难管控的严重危险，尤其是纳米武器极易落入恐怖分子手中且难以管控。  【66题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：一位工程师说：“机器人不过是一堆金属。”此处主语one engineer是第三人称单数，全文时态为一般现在时，若用一般现在时谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式says；若描述过去工程师发表该言论的动作，也可用一般过去时said。 【67题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：纳米技术是一门涉及开发和制造极其微小但功能强大的机器的科学。动词involve后接动词时，需要使用动名词形式作宾语，因此develop要变为developing。 【68题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：一些工程师提出，如果这些新进展被不当使用，会带来“严重危险”。句中主语they指代前文的these new developments，为复数，和提示词use之间是被动关系，条件状语从句用一般现在时，用are used。 【69题详解】 考查同位语从句。句意：该理论称：“纳米制造武器的小体积和快速发展的潜力将使其难以管控，也很难避免落入恐怖分子手中。”theory goes that…为固定表达表示“该理论称……”，that引导同位语从句，在从句中只起连接作用，不作句子成分，不能省略。 【70题详解】 考查副词。句意：但如果你有很多纳米制造的武器，它们极其微小，你就没办法做同样的事。此处需要用副词修饰后面的形容词small，因此形容词extreme要变为副词extremely，意为“极其；非常”。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式作答。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Simon came in slowly, carrying the dog. He handed me a small ____71____ (rag) blanket. People bring blankets, pillows, small ____72____ (toy) — things familiar to the animal. Somehow they are a comfort. The dog ____73____ (awake) when he eased her down on the blanket. She glanced at Simon gently and licked his hand once, as if sensing his pain. Suddenly I realized that I was aware of Simon’s grief. The dog had lived with him for two decades. Simon’s hands ____74____ (touch) the dog as she went away. Most people need a few minutes alone with their departed friend. As I closed the door, Simon ____75____ (bend) over the small dog, metal shoulders shaking. He cried, but the only tears were my own. 【答案】71. ragged 72. toys 73. awoke 74. were touching 75. bent 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了陪伴了西蒙20年的狗安乐死时，西蒙深深的不舍。 【71题详解】 考查形容词。句意：西蒙抱着狗慢慢地走了进来。他递给我一条破旧的小毯子。修饰名词blanket，用形容词ragged，表示“破旧的”。 【72题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：人们带来毯子、枕头、小玩具——动物熟悉的东西。此处用复数名词toys泛指多个玩具。 【73题详解】 考查时态。句意：当他把狗放在毯子上时，它醒了。根据eased可知时态为一般过去时，此处用过去式awoke。 【74题详解】 考查时态。句意：当狗离世时，西蒙的手正在抚摸着它。此处描述过去正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语是复数名词hands，be用were。 【75题详解】 考查时态。句意：西蒙俯身在狗身上。根据cried可知，时态为一般过去时，此处用过去式bent。 四、阅读理解(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Dear Diary Many people have the habit of writing a diary. They try to describe clearly and remember correctly all that they see and admire. The word “diary” comes from the Latin word “diarium”, which means “daily allowance”. ____76____ Some experts suggest that keeping a diary is a good form of self-study. In America, from the 1940s through the 1980s, a diary was thought of mostly as a way to express one’s deepest thoughts while keeping notations about the day. In those times, writing in a diary was like writing to a friend. Many times, movies would show a teenage girl beginning to write in her diary while she said aloud “Dear diary,...” ____77____ Private diaries may have historical significance long after the author’s death. Those diaries are regarded as the result of how a particular author experienced all the things around. ____78____ A diary kept by a Jewish girl by the name of Anne Frank documented her experiences while she hid from the Nazis in World War II. Her diary has become one of the world’s most widely read books. Samuel Pepys, who lived during the 17th century, is still very famous today. His diary was also an important documentation of history. ____79____ Pepys took diary writing from the general area of business to personal preference. Reading his diary is extremely interesting, and it makes his life all the more real to us. ____80____ The electronic version of the diary, the blog, has made it much more than a personal account of the day’s events. There are blogs to document recipes, traveling, product announcements, and anything else that needs to be recorded over time. Search engines like Technorati.com have been created to keep track of millions of blogs that are available for anyone. Diary has become more popular than ever. A. It refers to a book consisting of many small parts of writings by date. B. More and more personal diaries have given the attention to public interest. C. They’ve proved that writing diaries is highly beneficial to historical development. D. By extension the term “diary” has been used to mean the publication in some way. E. It gave his clear understanding of some big events such as the Great Fire of London. F. They show how people accepted or resisted the time and the place in which they lived. G. What followed was a summary of the day filled with a strong feeling such as love or hate. 【答案】76. A 77. G 78. F 79. E 80. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了日记的词源、发展历史、历史价值以及现代电子形式的日记——博客。 【76题详解】 上文“The word “diary” comes from the Latin word “diarium”, which means “daily allowance”.(“日记”这个词来源于拉丁语“diarium”，意思是“每日配给”)”介绍了日记的词源，空处应对日记一词进行释义。A选项“它指的是一本由许多按日期写成的片段组成的书”对日记进一步的解释，承接上文，符合语境。 【77题详解】 上文“Many times, movies would show a teenage girl beginning to write in her diary while she said aloud “Dear diary,...” (很多时候，电影会展示一个十几岁的女孩开始写日记，同时大声说道“亲爱的日记，……”)”描述电影里少女写日记的开篇话语，空处应续写写完开场白之后日记的内容。G选项“接下来是对一天的总结，充满爱或恨之类强烈的情感”承接上文，符合语境。 【78题详解】 上文“Those diaries are regarded as the result of how a particular author experienced all the things around.（那些日记被视为特定作者亲身经历周遭一切的产物)”说明日记记录作者的亲身经历，空处应进一步说明日记的历史意义。F选项“它们展现出人们如何接受或反抗自己所处的时代与环境”承接上文，符合语境。 【79题详解】 上文“Samuel Pepys, who lived during the 17th century, is still very famous today. His diary was also an important documentation of history. (生活在17世纪的塞缪尔・佩皮斯至今仍非常有名。他的日记也是重要的历史文献)”引出佩皮斯的日记具有史料价值，空处应举例说明他的日记记录的重大历史事件。E选项“其中展现了他对伦敦大火等重大事件的清晰认知”承接上文，符合语境。 【80题详解】 下文“The electronic version of the diary, the blog, has made it much more than a personal account of the day’s events. There are blogs to document recipes, traveling, product announcements, and anything else that needs to be recorded over time. (日记的电子版本——博客，使它远远不止是对日常事件的个人记录。博客可以记录食谱、旅行、产品公告以及其他需要长期记录的各类内容)”描述博客不再局限于私人情绪抒发，越来越多个人记录开始面向公众、涉及公共类内容。B选项“越来越多的私人日记开始关注公共利益”置于段首，总领本段，引出日记向博客演变、内容走向公开的话题。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $