Unit4语法专项训练2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

2026-09-05
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摘要:

**基本信息** 系统构建疑问词引导宾语从句的方法体系,通过概念-分类-应用逻辑链提升语言运用与思维辨析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法知识点|5模块(含转换要点/判断关键)|转换“三步骤”、疑问词选择“成分法”、语序“陈述原则”、时态“主从呼应”|概念生成→疑问词分类(代词/副词/词组)→语序/时态规则→“疑问词+不定式”拓展| |专项练习|30题(单选/填空/句型转换)|通过错题对比(如what to do与how to do it)强化辨析|基础识别→语境应用→结构转换,覆盖中考高频易错点|

内容正文:

新人教版九年级上册Unit4语法汇总与练习 Grammar:疑问词引导的宾语从句 第一部分 语法知识点 一、疑问词引导的宾语从句 1、基本概念与结构 当宾语从句由特殊疑问句转化而来时,通常保留原特殊疑问词作为引导词。常见引导词包括what, who, whom, whose, which, when, where, why, how,以及how long, how far, how often, how many等“疑问词组”。 基本结构:主句 + 疑问词(组)+ 宾语从句。 例:I wonder where he lives. 我想知道他住在哪里。 例:Could you tell me why the train is late? 你能告诉我火车为什么晚点吗? 与that, if和whether不同,疑问词不仅起连接作用,通常还在从句中充当一定的句子成分,因此一般不能省略。 2、从特殊疑问句变为宾语从句 转换时要保留原来的特殊疑问词,再把疑问句语序调整为陈述语序,并根据主句和语境处理时态。 例:Where does she work? → Do you know where she works? 她在哪里工作?→你知道她在哪里工作吗? 例:Why was he absent? → The teacher asked why he was absent. 他为什么缺席?→老师问他为什么缺席。 转换要点可以概括为:保留疑问词,去掉助动词do / does / did,恢复“主语 + 谓语”的顺序,并按需要改变谓语形式。 二、疑问词的选择与作用 1、疑问代词:在从句中充当名词性成分 what, who, whom, whose 和 which属于疑问代词。它们可以在宾语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。选择时既要看句意,也要看从句中缺少什么成分。 what 什么;……的事物 主语、宾语、表语 I know what he needs. who / whom 谁 主语或宾语 Tell me who called you. whose 谁的 定语或表语 I wonder whose bag this is. which 哪一个;哪些 主语、宾语、定语 She asked which bus we should take. what + 名词 什么样的…… 定语 Do you know what time it is? what通常用于范围不明确的选择;which常用于在一定范围内进行选择。 例:I do not know what I should buy. 我不知道该买什么。范围不明确。 例:I cannot decide which of the two books I should buy. 我无法决定这两本书中该买哪一本。范围明确。 2、疑问副词:在从句中充当状语 when, where, why 和 how属于疑问副词,分别表示时间、地点、原因和方式,在宾语从句中通常充当状语。 when 时间 Please tell me when the meeting will begin. where 地点 Do you know where she bought the book? why 原因 I wonder why he changed his mind. how 方式、程度或状态 Can you explain how the machine works? 3、常见疑问词组 how可以和形容词、副词或限定词构成疑问词组,用来询问更加具体的信息。常见结构有how long(多长时间或多长)、how far(多远)、how often(多久一次)、how soon(多久以后)、how many(多少,可数名词)、how much(多少,不可数名词或价格)等。 例:Do you know how long she has studied English? 你知道她学英语多久了吗? 例:Could you tell me how far the station is from here? 你能告诉我车站离这里有多远吗? 判断关键:先根据回答所提供的信息确定询问的是时间、距离、频率、数量还是方式,再选择相应的疑问词或疑问词组。 三、宾语从句的语序 1、一般情况:疑问词后用陈述语序 疑问词引导的宾语从句必须使用陈述语序,即“疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语”。即使主句带有问号,从句内部也不能使用特殊疑问句的倒装语序。 例:Could you tell me where the library is? 你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗? 错误:Could you tell me where is the library? 正确:Could you tell me where the library is? 例:I wonder why she did not attend the meeting. 我想知道她为什么没有参加会议。 错误:I wonder why did she not attend the meeting. 正确:I wonder why she did not attend the meeting. 2、疑问词本身作主语时,语序看起来不变 如果who, what或which本身就是从句的主语,疑问词后直接接谓语动词。此时原特殊疑问句本来就没有“助动词 + 主语”的倒装结构,所以变为宾语从句后形式看起来基本不变。 例:Who broke the window? → Do you know who broke the window? 谁打破了窗户?→你知道谁打破了窗户吗? 例:What happened outside? → Tell me what happened outside. 外面发生了什么?→告诉我外面发生了什么。 判断关键:先看疑问词是不是动作的执行者。若疑问词本身就是主语,不要在其后另加主语,也不要使用do / does / did。 3、含有do you think 的特殊疑问句 当think, believe, suppose, guess等表示看法的动词用于插入结构时,特殊疑问词通常放在整个句子的开头,后面的宾语从句仍使用陈述语序。 例:Who do you think will win the match? 你认为谁会赢得比赛? 例:Where do you think he has gone? 你认为他去了哪里? 不能说Do you think who will win the match。疑问词应提前到句首,但从句中的“主语 + 谓语”顺序不能改变。 四、宾语从句的时态 1、主句是现在时或将来时 主句使用一般现在时、现在完成时或一般将来时时,宾语从句根据实际时间和语境选择合适的时态。 例:I do not know where he lives now. 我不知道他现在住在哪里。 例:Can you tell me when the train will arrive tomorrow? 你能告诉我火车明天什么时候到吗? 2、主句是过去时 主句使用一般过去时时,宾语从句通常使用相应的过去时态:表示当时的状态或动作用一般过去时;表示过去视角下的将来时用过去将来时;表示发生在主句动作之前的动作时可用过去完成时。 例:She asked where I lived. 她问我住在哪里。 例:He wanted to know when the train would leave. 他想知道火车什么时候开。 例:The teacher asked why I had missed the class. 老师问我为什么错过了那节课。 3、客观事实与委婉语气 宾语从句表示客观事实、自然规律或科学真理时,即使主句是过去时,从句仍使用一般现在时。 例:The teacher asked how the earth moves around the sun. 老师问地球是怎样绕太阳转的。 Could you tell me …中的could通常只是使语气更委婉,不表示过去,因此从句仍应根据实际时间选择时态。 例:Could you tell me when the next bus will arrive? 你能告诉我下一班公共汽车什么时候到吗? 五、“疑问词 + 不定式”结构 1、基本结构与意义 部分疑问词可以与不定式连用,构成“疑问词 + to do”结构,在句中作宾语。这种结构常见于know, decide, tell, show, learn, wonder等动词之后。 例:I do not know what to say. 我不知道该说什么。 例:We have not decided where to stay. 我们还没有决定住在哪里。 例:Please show me how to use the camera. 请教我怎样使用这台相机。 在主语一致或上下文能够明确动作执行者时,“疑问词 + to do”常可与宾语从句互换。 例:I cannot decide which one I should choose. = I cannot decide which one to choose. 我无法决定该选择哪一个。 2、what to do 与 how to do it what to do表示“做什么”,what是do的宾语,后面不能再加it;how to do it表示“怎样做这件事”,how表示方式,do后需要宾语it。 正确:I do not know what to do. 正确:I do not know how to do it. 错误:I do not know how to do. 错误:I do not know what to do it. 第二部分 专项巩固练习题 一、单项选择(15题) 1. Do you know ____ he came here for? A. why B. what C. where D. how 2. Could you tell me ____ the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. where D. when 3. I don’t know ____ to do next. A. how B. what C. where D. when 4. Please tell me ____ we will have the meeting. A. that B. what C. when D. whose 5. He wants to know ____ broke the glass. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 6. I can’t decide ____ book I should buy. A. what B. which C. where D. how 7. Could you tell me ____? A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lives C. where Tom live D. where is Tom living 8. She asked me ____ I could finish the work. A. how soon B. how long C. what D. whose 9. I don’t know ____ to do it. A. what B. how C. where D. which 10. Do you know ____? A. what happened outside B. what did happen outside C. what did happen outside D. what happen outside 11. He asked ____ the earth goes around the sun. A. what B. that C. who D. where 12. —____ do you think he will visit? —Beijing. A. Where B. What C. When D. How 13. I wonder ____ he comes back every month. A. how often B. how long C. how soon D. how far 14. She didn’t know ____ she should ask for help. A. who B. whom C. whose D. what 15. He wanted to know ____. A. when would the train leave B. when the train would leave C. when will the train leave D. when the train will leave 二、用合适的疑问词填空(10题) 1. I don’t know ____ he is late again. 2. Could you tell me ____ I can get to the park? 3. Please tell me ____ you will come back. 4. Do you know ____ bag this is? 5. I can’t decide ____ one I like best. 6. He wants to know ____ is waiting for him. 7. I wonder ____ we should do next. 8. Nobody knows ____ the accident happened. 9. Could you tell me ____ the station is from here? 10. She hasn’t decided ____ to go for vacation. 三、句型转换(5题) 1. Where does he study? Do you know?(合并宾语从句) ____________________________________ 2. What happened? Nobody knows.(合并宾语从句) ____________________________________ 3. How can I get to the museum? Could you tell me?(合并宾语从句) ____________________________________ 4. Which shirt should I choose? I can’t decide.(改为疑问词+不定式结构) ____________________________________ 5. When will she arrive? He wanted to know.(合并宾语从句) ____________________________________ 第三部分 参考答案与解析 一、单项选择 1、B 解析:what…for 表示“为何,为了什么”,在从句中作for的宾语。 2、C 解析:询问地点,用where引导宾语从句。 3、B 解析:what to do,what作do的宾语。 4、C 解析:询问开会时间,when符合句意。 5、A 解析:who在从句中作主语,指代人。 6、B 解析:在一定范围内选择,用which。 7、B 解析:宾语从句使用陈述语序,主语Tom为第三人称单数,谓语用lives。 8、A 解析:how soon多久以后,对将来时间提问。 9、B 解析:how to do it,how作方式状语,it作do的宾语。 10、A 解析:what在从句中作主语,语序不变,用过去式happened。 11、B 解析:陈述客观真理,that引导宾语从句。 12、A 解析:答语是地点,用where。 13、A 解析:how often多久一次,对频率提问。 14、B 解析:whom在从句中作ask for help的宾语。 15、B 解析:主句一般过去时,从句用过去将来时,陈述语序。 二、用合适的疑问词填空 1、why 2、how 3、when 4、whose 5、which 6、who 7、what 8、where / when 9、how far 10、where 三、句型转换 1、Do you know where he studies? 2、Nobody knows what happened. 3、Could you tell me how I can get to the museum? 4、I can’t decide which shirt to choose. 5、He wanted to know when she would arrive. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit4语法专项训练2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册
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Unit4语法专项训练2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册
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Unit4语法专项训练2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册
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