Unit7 单元语法加强—关系从句（关系副词）专项训练 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦关系副词定语从句，构建“概念-功能-互换”三维方法体系，通过多样化题型培养语言应用与逻辑分析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心知识点|3关系副词对比表+3组例句|关系副词“指代-功能”对应法；“介词+关系代词”互换规则|从定语从句整体概念切入，聚焦关系副词专项，通过表格对比建立“时间-地点-原因”分类认知| |专项练习|25题（单选10/拼写5/完成句子5/翻译5）|句子合并三步法（找先行词-判成分-选关系词）；语境分析法|从基础选择到综合应用，覆盖中考高频考点，形成“理解-辨析-输出”能力链|

Unit 7单元语法加强—关系从句（关系副词） 专项提升 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册 ★核心知识点 1.概念： 关系从句是由关系词引出的修饰名词或代词的分句结构。这种分句的主要功能是作名词或代词的修饰语（即定语），故关系从句也叫“定语从句”。 2.构成： 关系从句通常置于它修饰的名词或代词后，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导关系从句的词叫作关系词。 定语从句的结构：主句+先行词+关系词+定语从句。 3.关系词作用： （1）连接主从句的作用； （2）代替先行词； （3）在定语从句中充当一个成分。 4.关系词—关系副词： 关系副词可替代的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 指代对象 语法功能 例 句 when 时间 作状语 We don't know the exact time when the English evening will be held.（我们不知道英语晚会举行的确切时间。） Do you know the date when Lincoln was murdered？（你知道林肯被暗杀的日期吗？） where 地点 The place where we're to have the Speech Contest has not been decided.（我们要举行演讲比赛的地点还没定下来。） He did all his research in the room where he lived.（他所有的研究都是在住的那个房间里做的。） why 原因 He didn't tell her the reason why he was happy.（他没有告诉她，他高兴的原因。） Is this the reason why she refused our offer?（这就是她拒绝我们提议的原因吗？） 5.由关系副词与“介词+关系代词”的互换： ① where = in/at + which ② when = in/on/at + which ③ why = for + which eg：Is this the house where you lived？（这就是你住过的那栋房子吗？） ＝Is this the house in which you lived？ ＝Is this the house which you lived in？ 专项练习 一、单项选择题： 1.We need to find out the reasons ________ these problems exist. A．what B．why C．where D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们需要找出这些问题为什么存在的原因。 what什么；why为什么；where在哪里；when什么时候。先行词是the reasons（原因），定语从句表原因要用关系副词why引导，在从句中作原因状语。 2.—What’s the purpose of building the space station? —It provides a place ________ astronauts can do scientific experiments. A．which B．where C．when D．why 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—建造空间站的目的是什么？—它提供了一个宇航员可以进行科学实验的地方。 which关系代词，指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；where关系副词，指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语；when关系副词，指时间；why关系副词，指原因。先行词place表示地点，且从句astronauts can do scientific experiments中缺少地点状语，应用where。 3.It was in the hotel ________ he stayed ________ he was caught on the spot. A．that; where B．that; that C．where; where D．where; that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他就是在他住的旅馆里当场被抓的。 考查定语从句及强调句。分析句子结构可知，第一个空所在句为定语从句，in the hotel为先行词，表示地点，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，where符合；分析句子结构并结合语境可知，本句是一个强调句，被强调部分是in the hotel…he stayed，结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+that+句子的剩余部分”。故选D。 4.—Do you remember the autumn ________ we picked tea leaves on Huangshan Mountain? —Yes, it was an unforgettable experience. A．when B．where C．why D．that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：—你记得我们在黄山采茶叶的那个秋天吗？—是的，那是一次难忘的经历。 when当……时；where在哪里；why为什么；that那个。先行词是the autumn，表示时间，从句结构完整，先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以用when引导。 5.Lots of students joined the charity marathon ________ we raised money for the nursing home. A．when B．who C．where D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多学生参加了慈善马拉松，在那里我们为养老院筹集了资金。 when当……时；who谁；where在哪里；which哪一个。先行词是the charity marathon，指代活动场合，从句we raised money for the nursing home主谓宾结构完整，表示“在这个活动中”，应用where引导定语从句。 6.Yesterday Kate explained the reason ________ she was late to me. A．what B．because C．if D．why 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨天凯特向我解释了她迟到的原因。 考查定语从句引导词。what什么；because因为；if如果；why为什么。先行词是the reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，应用why引导。故选D。 7.—What do you know about the Mid-Autumn Festival? —It’s a festival _______ people usually eat mooncakes and admire the moon. A．which B．when C．where D．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—你对中秋节了解多少？—这是一个人们通常吃月饼和赏月的节日。 考查定语从句。根据It’s a festival…people usually eat mooncakes and admire the moon.可知，句子是定语从句，先行词是festival，表示时间概念，从句中缺时间状语，应该用关系副词when引导定语从句。故选B。 8.I wonder the reason ________ you were late for school yesterday. A．why B．where C．when D．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我想知道你昨天上学迟到的原因。 考查定语从句的关系词。why为什么；where在哪里；when当…时；who谁。根据句意和句子结构可知，此空应填关系副词why，引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reason，并在从句中作状语，表示原因。故选A。 9.This is the house ________ I lived ten years ago. A．which B．where C．that D．for which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我十年前居住的房子。 考查定语从句关系词辨析。which引导定语从句时，其先行词为物，充当定语从句的主语和宾语；where引导定语从句时，其先行词为地点，充当定语从句的状语；that引导定语从句时，其先行词为物或人，充当定语从句的主语和宾语。for which中的介词for与定语从句中的动词lived不搭配，live表示“居住”时接地点需用in或at，不用for，故排除。根据house为名词可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词house为地点，且充当定语从句的地点状语，故选B。 10.The reason ________ he didn’t come was ________ he was ill. A．why; that B．that; why C．for that; that D．which; that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他没有来的原因是他病了。 考查定语从句和表语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，整个句子的谓语动词为was，was之前的为定语从句；was之后的为表语从句；第一个空为定语从句，定语从句中句子结构完整，因此用关系副词why引导；第二个空为表语从句，表语从句的结构也完整，因此用连词that引导，that无意义。故选A。 二、单词拼写题： 11.We all know the reason ________ the Yellow River is our mother river. 【答案】why 【详解】句意：我们都知道黄河为什么是我们的母亲河。 根据the reason及the Yellow River is our mother river提示，此处应填关系副词why引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason，在从句中作原因状语。 12.I want to know the time ________ he will come back. 【答案】when 【详解】句意：我想知道他回来的时间。 句中先行词为the time（表示时间），空格后从句he will come back成分完整，需用关系副词when引导定语从句，when在从句中作时间状语，相当于at which，用来限定说明“他回来”的具体时间。 13.This is the school ______________ I studied when I was 12 years old. 【答案】where/in which 【详解】句意：这是我12岁时就读的学校。 分析句子可知，句子是定语从句，先行词是the school，表示地点，在从句中作状语，应用关系副词where或者介词in+which来引导定语从句。故填where/in which。 14.This is the day ______________ I was born. 【答案】when/on which 【详解】句意：这是我出生的日子。 分析句子可知，句子是定语从句，先行词是the day，表示时间，在从句中作状语，应用关系副词when或者介词on+which来引导定语从句。故填when/on which。 15.Nowadays, ordinary people cannot travel to space. But in the future, people can go ________ (他们想去的任何地方). 【答案】anywhere they want to go 【详解】句意：如今，普通人无法去太空旅行。但是在未来，人们可以去任何他们想去的地方。 anywhere“任何地方”；they“他们”；want to do sth.“想要做某事”；go“去”，to后接动词原形，they want to go是定语从句，修饰先行词anywhere，省略关系副词where。故填anywhere they want to go。 三、完成句子： 16.I still remember the day. I met you on that day.（合并成含when定语从句的句子） I still remember the day ________ ________ ________ you. 【答案】when I met 【详解】句意：我仍然记得那一天。我在那天遇见了你。合并成含when定语从句的句子，先行词是the day，从句的主语是I，谓语动词是met。 17.角色的动机是指导致角色以某种方式行事的原因。 The character’s motives are ________ ________ ________ a character behaves in a certain way. 【答案】the reasons why 【详解】原句中“……的原因”是关键词，英文中the reason why表示“……的原因”，其中the reason是名词短语表示“原因”，why引导定语从句修饰reason。但此处主语motives为复数，故原因不止一个，应用复数reasons，与are保持一致，构成the reasons why。 18.Prices are low in this shop. We buy stationery here. (用when/where合并两简单句) We buy stationery in this shop ________ prices ________ low. 【答案】where are 【详解】句意：这家商店价格低廉。我们在这里买文具。合并为一句，表达的意思是“我们在这家价格低的商店买东西”，先行词是shop，表示“地点”，应用where引导限制性定语从句，从句主语prices是复数形式，根据主谓一致原则，be动词应用are。 19.她开了一家小商店，出售她做的包，她还建立了一个网站，在网上出售这些包。 She opened a small shop ________ she sells her bags, and she has also ________ ________ ________ ________ to sell them online. 【答案】where set up a website 【详解】根据She opened a small shop…she sells her bags, and she has also…to sell them online.及汉语提示可知，第一个空前的a small shop在句中作先行词，表示地点，并且空后的she sells her bags为从句，从句中缺少地点状语，因此第一个空处应用关系副词where；第二个空处应表达“建立了一个网站”，set up建立，website网站，并且第二个空前有助动词has，构成现在完成时，set的过去分词为set。故填where；set；up；a；website。 20.I’m thankful to him as he often offers me lots of help. 用The reason why...is that...升格： _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The reason why I’m thankful to him is that he often offers me lots of help. 【详解】句意：我很感激他，因为他经常给我很多帮助。用The reason why...is that...升格后，I’m thankful to him变为why引导的从句，修饰reason，即The reason why I’m thankful to him；that引导表语从句he often offers me lots of help。故填The reason why I’m thankful to him is that he often offers me lots of help. 四、翻译题： 21.We need to find out the reason why the computer broke down suddenly. _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】我们需要查明电脑突然出故障的原因。 【详解】We need to find out the reason why the computer broke down suddenly.译为“我们需要查明电脑突然出故障的原因”。We译为“我们”，need to译为“需要”，后接动词原形find out“查明”，the reason译为“原因”；why引导定语从句修饰先行词reason；the computer译为“电脑”，broke down译为“出故障”，suddenly是副词，译为“突然地”，修饰broke down。 22.它发生在每年的4月1日，是许多人互相搞各种恶作剧和开各种玩笑的日子。 _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It happens on April 1st every year and is a day when many people play all kinds of tricks and jokes on each other. 【详解】it“它”；happen“发生”，时态为一般现在时，此处应用动词的三单形式；on April 1st“在4月1日”；every year“每年”；and并列连词；is“是”；a day“一天”；when“当……时候”，引导定语从句；many people“许多人”；play all kinds of tricks and jokes on sb.“对某人搞各种恶作剧和开各种玩笑”，时态为一般现在时，此处应用动词原形；each other“互相”。故填It happens on April 1st every year and is a day when many people play all kinds of tricks and jokes on each other. 23.There will be a book fair where you can explore amazing English books and share your favourites. _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】将会举办一场书展，在那里你可以探索精彩的英文书籍，还能分享你的最爱读物。 【详解】There will be a book fair where you can explore amazing English books and share your favourites.译为“将会举办一场书展，在那里你可以探索精彩的英文书籍，还能分享你的最爱读物”。There will be a book fair译为“将会举办一场书展”，where you can explore amazing English books译为“在那里你可以探索精彩的英文书籍”，share your favourites译为“分享你的最爱读物”。 24.家是我可以做自己的地方。 _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Home is a place where I can be myself. 【详解】“家是我可以做自己的地方”可译为Home is a place where I can be myself；“家”用home表示，作主语；“是一个地方”用is a place表示，作系表结构；“我可以做自己”用where I can be myself表示，where引导定语从句，修饰先行词a place；“可以”用can表示，后接动词原形；“做自己”用be myself表示，作表语。 25.火星之所以比地球冷，是因为它离太阳更远。 _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The reason why Mars is colder than Earth is that it is farther from the Sun. 【详解】“火星之所以比地球冷，是因为它离太阳更远。”译为“The reason why Mars is colder than Earth is that it is farther from the Sun.”。中文“之所以……是因为……”译为The reason why... is that...，表示因果关系；“比……冷”译为colder than；“离……更远”译为farther from；“火星”译为Mars ；“地球”译为Earth；“太阳”译为the Sun；注意：星球名称the Sun前通常有定冠词the；Mars前通常不加冠词，Earth前可加也可不加the，陈述客观科学事实，使用一般现在时。 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7单元语法加强—关系从句（关系副词） 专项提升 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册 ★核心知识点 1.概念： 关系从句是由关系词引出的修饰名词或代词的分句结构。这种分句的主要功能是作名词或代词的修饰语（即定语），故关系从句也叫“定语从句”。 2.构成： 关系从句通常置于它修饰的名词或代词后，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导关系从句的词叫作关系词。 定语从句的结构：主句+先行词+关系词+定语从句。 3.关系词作用： （1）连接主从句的作用； （2）代替先行词； （3）在定语从句中充当一个成分。 4.关系词—关系副词： 关系副词可替代的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 指代对象 语法功能 例 句 when 时间 作状语 We don't know the exact time when the English evening will be held.（我们不知道英语晚会举行的确切时间。） Do you know the date when Lincoln was murdered？（你知道林肯被暗杀的日期吗？） where 地点 The place where we're to have the Speech Contest has not been decided.（我们要举行演讲比赛的地点还没定下来。） He did all his research in the room where he lived.（他所有的研究都是在住的那个房间里做的。） why 原因 He didn't tell her the reason why he was happy.（他没有告诉她，他高兴的原因。） Is this the reason why she refused our offer?（这就是她拒绝我们提议的原因吗？） 5.由关系副词与“介词+关系代词”的互换： ① where = in/at + which ② when = in/on/at + which ③ why = for + which eg：Is this the house where you lived？（这就是你住过的那栋房子吗？） ＝Is this the house in which you lived？ ＝Is this the house which you lived in？ 专项练习 一、单项选择题： 1.We need to find out the reasons ________ these problems exist. A．what B．why C．where D．when 2.—What’s the purpose of building the space station? —It provides a place ________ astronauts can do scientific experiments. A．which B．where C．when D．why 3.It was in the hotel ________ he stayed ________ he was caught on the spot. A．that; where B．that; that C．where; where D．where; that 4.—Do you remember the autumn ________ we picked tea leaves on Huangshan Mountain? —Yes, it was an unforgettable experience. A．when B．where C．why D．that 5.Lots of students joined the charity marathon ________ we raised money for the nursing home. A．when B．who C．where D．which 6.Yesterday Kate explained the reason ________ she was late to me. A．what B．because C．if D．why 7.—What do you know about the Mid-Autumn Festival? —It’s a festival _______ people usually eat mooncakes and admire the moon. A．which B．when C．where D．that 8.I wonder the reason ________ you were late for school yesterday. A．why B．where C．when D．who 9.This is the house ________ I lived ten years ago. A．which B．where C．that D．for which 10.The reason ________ he didn’t come was ________ he was ill. A．why; that B．that; why C．for that; that D．which; that 二、单词拼写题： 11.We all know the reason ________ the Yellow River is our mother river. 12.I want to know the time ________ he will come back. 13.This is the school ______________ I studied when I was 12 years old. 14.This is the day ______________ I was born. 15.Nowadays, ordinary people cannot travel to space. But in the future, people can go ________ (他们想去的任何地方). 三、完成句子： 16.I still remember the day. I met you on that day.（合并成含when定语从句的句子） I still remember the day ________ ________ ________ you. 17.角色的动机是指导致角色以某种方式行事的原因。 The character’s motives are ________ ________ ________ a character behaves in a certain way. 18.Prices are low in this shop. We buy stationery here. (用when/where合并两简单句) We buy stationery in this shop ________ prices ________ low. 19.她开了一家小商店，出售她做的包，她还建立了一个网站，在网上出售这些包。 She opened a small shop ________ she sells her bags, and she has also ________ ________ ________ ________ to sell them online. 20.I’m thankful to him as he often offers me lots of help. 用The reason why...is that...升格： _____________________________________________________________________ 四、翻译题： 21.We need to find out the reason why the computer broke down suddenly. _____________________________________________________________________ 22.它发生在每年的4月1日，是许多人互相搞各种恶作剧和开各种玩笑的日子。 _____________________________________________________________________ 23.There will be a book fair where you can explore amazing English books and share your favourites. _____________________________________________________________________ 24.家是我可以做自己的地方。 _____________________________________________________________________ 25.火星之所以比地球冷，是因为它离太阳更远。 _____________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $