Unit 6 Living with nature语法精讲精练专项训练2026-2027学年外研版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 初中英语单元复习专项训练，聚焦连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句，通过“转换三步法”和“时态三规则”构建系统性方法体系，分层练习落实中考核心考点，提升语言运用与逻辑思维能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识精讲|3类引导词对比+2类连接词详解|转换三步法（保留疑问词-调整语序-时态呼应）、时态三规则（主现从需/主过从过/真理现）|从引导词分类切入，通过“连接词作用-语序转换-时态规则”递进，构建“概念-方法-应用”逻辑链| |典型例题|4道中考题|语序判断（连接词后接主语）、时态呼应（科学真理永现）|覆盖语序、时态、连接词作用核心考法，突出易错点（连接词作主语时语序不变）| |综合演练|3题型（单选15/填空14/完成10）|分层训练（基础识别-语法填空-句型转换）|从基础选择到综合运用，落实“方法-技巧-迁移”训练路径|

外研版八下 Unit 6 Living with nature.语法精讲精练 —— 宾语从句（二）连接代词与连接副词引导 —— 使用说明 本讲承接宾语从句（一），专门学习由特殊疑问词转化来的连接代词（who、what、which、whose）和连接副词（where、when、how、why）引导的宾语从句，重点突破「特殊疑问句变宾语从句必须用陈述语序」这一中考核心考点，并系统落实时态呼应三规则。配套三类分层练习，答案与解析统一附于文末。 第一讲 知识精讲 一、复习导入：宾语从句的三类引导词 原句类型 引导词 在从句中的作用 陈述句 that 不充当成分，无词义，常可省略 一般疑问句 if / whether 不充当成分，意为「是否」 特殊疑问句 连接代词 / 连接副词 既起连接作用，又在从句中充当句子成分，保留疑问词义 本讲聚焦第三类：特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，原来的疑问词变为连接词，位置仍在从句最前面，但从句其余部分要改为陈述语序。 二、连接代词引导：who / whom / what / which / whose 疑问代词 who（谁，主格）、whom（谁，宾格）、what（什么）、which（哪一个）、whose（谁的）变为连接代词，既连接主从句，又在宾语从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。 连接代词 在从句中所作成分 例句 who 主语 / 表语 Nobody knows who he is. 没人知道他是谁。 whom / who 宾语（口语常用 who） I wonder who (whom) she is waiting for. what 主语 / 宾语 / 表语 I don't know what I should do. 我不知道该做什么。 which 主语 / 宾语 / 定语 She can't decide which one she likes. whose 定语（后接名词） Does anybody know whose bike this is? 有人知道这是谁的自行车吗？ They haven't decided where they will go for the holiday. 他们还没决定去哪里度假。 三、连接副词引导：where / when / how / why 疑问副词 where（哪里，地点）、when（何时，时间）、how（怎样，方式）、why（为什么，原因）变为连接副词，既起连接作用，又在宾语从句中作状语。 连接副词 意义 / 所作状语 例句 where 在哪里（地点状语） Can you tell me where the library is? when 什么时候（时间状语） Do you know when the meeting will begin? how 怎样（方式状语） Can you tell me how she goes to school every day? 你能告诉我她每天怎样上学吗？ why 为什么（原因状语） Mr Green didn't know why Jim was late again. 格林先生不知道吉姆为什么又迟到。 四、核心难点：必须用陈述语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句一律用陈述语序，即「连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他」，把原来特殊疑问句中提前的 be 动词、助动词或情态动词还原到主语之后。 （一）转换三步法 第一步：保留特殊疑问词作连接词；第二步：删去助动词 do/does/did，谓语动词还原为相应时态的正确形式；第三步：把 be 动词、助动词、情态动词移回主语之后。 特殊疑问句（疑问语序） 宾语从句（陈述语序） Where does he live? Do you know where he lives?（does 删除，live→lives） When will they arrive? Can you tell me when they will arrive?（will 移到主语 they 后） What is she doing? I want to know what she is doing.（is 移到主语 she 后） Whose bike is this? Does anybody know whose bike this is?（is 移到主语 this 后） （二）特例：连接词本身作主语，语序不变 当 who、what、which 等连接代词在从句中直接作主语时，从句本来就是「连接词（主语）+ 谓语」的陈述语序，无需再调整。 Do you know who will give us a talk?（who 在从句中作主语，语序不变） 你知道谁将给我们作报告吗？ I don't know what is wrong with him.（what 作主语） 我不知道他怎么了。 【易错警示】判断语序是否要调整，就看连接词后面紧接的是主语还是谓语：连接词后先出现主语才是陈述语序；但连接词自己作主语时，后面直接跟谓语，也是正确的陈述语序。 五、宾语从句的时态三规则 （一）主句为一般现在时：从句按需用时态 主句是一般现在时（或将来时、祈使句），宾语从句可根据自身的时间状语或语境选择恰当的时态。 I can't remember if I have seen him before. 我想不起来以前是否见过他。（从句用现在完成时） Do you know what they were doing at this time yesterday? 你知道昨天这个时候他们在做什么吗？（从句用过去进行时） （二）主句为一般过去时：从句用过去某种时态（主过从过） 主句是一般过去时，从句一般要倒退为相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。 He told me that he was watching TV at that time. 他告诉我那时候他正在看电视。（过去进行时） Mr Green didn't know why Jim was late again. 格林先生不知道吉姆为什么又迟到了。（一般过去时） （三）客观真理、科学事实：从句永用一般现在时 若宾语从句表示客观事实、科学真理、名言谚语，不管主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。 The teacher told the whole class that light travels faster than sound. 老师告诉全班光比声音传播得快。 The teacher said that a good beginning is half done. 老师说良好的开端是成功的一半。 六、拓展：连接词 + 动词不定式 当从句主语与主句主语一致，且主句谓语是 know、decide、tell、show、find out 等时，「连接代词/副词 + 主语 + should/can do」可简化为「连接词 + to do」。 I don't know what I should do. → I don't know what to do. 我不知道该做什么。 She can't decide which one she will choose. → She can't decide which one to choose. 她决定不了选哪一个。 【注】if 不能用于「连接词 + to do」结构，须用 whether to do；why 一般也不接 to do。 七、典型例题精讲 【例1】Could you tell me ______? A. where does he live B. where he lives C. he lives where D. where he live 【答案】B 【解析】宾语从句用陈述语序 where + 主语 he + 谓语；he 第三人称单数用 lives，选 B。 【例2】The teacher told us that light ______ faster than sound. A. travel B. travels C. traveled D. traveling 【答案】B 【解析】光比声快是科学真理，虽主句 told 为过去时，从句仍用一般现在时 travels，选 B。 【例3】Do you know ______ tomorrow? A. when will the meeting begin B. when the meeting will begin C. when the meeting begins D. when did the meeting begin 【答案】B 【解析】陈述语序排除 A、D；tomorrow 表将来用 will begin，选 B。 【例4】"What are they doing?" I want to know.（合并为宾语从句） 【答案】I want to know what they are doing. 【解析】保留 what，把 are 移到主语 they 之后，变为陈述语序 what they are doing。 第二讲 综合演练 题型一 单项选择（每小题1分，共15分） 1. Could you tell me ______ the nearest station is? A. what B. how C. where D. which 2. Do you know ______ bike this is? A. who B. whose C. what D. when 3. Can you tell me ______ she goes to school every day? A. how B. what C. who D. which 4. I can't remember ______ I put the key. A. what B. where C. who D. whose 5. Nobody knows ______ in the reading room. A. who is he B. who he is C. who was he D. he is who 6. Could you tell me ______? A. where does he live B. where he lives C. he lives where D. where he live 7. Do you know ______ tomorrow? A. when will the meeting begin B. when the meeting will begin C. when the meeting begins D. when did the meeting begin 8. They haven't decided ______ they will go for the holiday. A. what B. where C. who D. whose 9. The teacher asked me ______ I was late for class. A. what B. why C. who D. which 10. Mr Green didn't know why Jim ______ late again. A. is B. was C. are D. will be 11. He told me that he ______ TV at that time. A. watches B. watched C. was watching D. is watching 12. The teacher told us that light ______ faster than sound. A. travel B. travels C. traveled D. traveling 13. Do you know ______ at this time yesterday? A. what they were doing B. what were they doing C. what are they doing D. they were doing what 14. Listen! Do you know ______ in the next room? A. who is singing B. who singing is C. whom is singing D. who sings is 15. Can you tell me ______? A. which one I should choose B. which one should I choose C. I choose which one D. which one I choose should 题型二 用适当连接词或所给词的适当形式填空（每小题1分，共14分） 1. Does anybody know ______ bike this is? 2. Can you tell me ______ she goes to school every day? 3. They haven't decided ______ they will go for the holiday. 4. Nobody knows ______ he is. 5. Could you tell me ______ the station is? 6. The teacher asked why I ______ (be) late for school. 7. He told me that he ______ (watch) TV at that time. 8. The teacher said that light ______ (travel) faster than sound. 9. Do you know what they ______ (clean) at this time yesterday? 10. I don't know ______ I should do next. 11. Can you tell me ______ the meeting will begin? 12. Mr Green didn't know why Jim ______ (be) late again. 13. Do you know ______ will give us a talk tomorrow? 14. The teacher said that a good beginning ______ (be) half done. 题型三 完成句子 / 合并句子（每小题2分，共10题） A. 根据汉语意思完成句子（1—5题，每空一词） 1. 有没有人知道这是谁的自行车？ Does anybody know ______ ______ this is? 2. 你能告诉我她每天怎样去上学吗？ Can you tell me ______ she ______ to school every day? 3. 他们还没决定去哪里度假。 They haven't decided ______ they ______ go for the holiday. 4. 格林先生不知道吉姆为什么又迟到了。 Mr Green didn't know ______ Jim ______ late again. 5. 老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。 The teacher told us that light ______ ______ than sound. B. 把特殊疑问句合并为宾语从句（6—10题，每空一词，注意陈述语序） 6. Where does he live? Do you know? Do you know ______ he ______? 7. When will the meeting begin? Can you tell me? Can you tell me ______ the meeting ______ begin? 8. What are they doing? I want to know. I want to know ______ they ______ ______. 9. Why was Jim late? Mr Green didn't know. Mr Green didn't know why Jim ______ ______. 10. Who will give us a talk? Do you know? Do you know ______ ______ give us a talk? 答案与解析 题型一 单项选择 1. 【答案】C 【解析】问地点用 where，在从句作表语/状语 2. 【答案】B 【解析】「谁的自行车」用 whose 作定语 3. 【答案】A 【解析】问方式「怎样上学」用 how 4. 【答案】B 【解析】「把钥匙放哪里」用 where 5. 【答案】B 【解析】陈述语序 who + 主语 he + 谓语 is 6. 【答案】B 【解析】陈述语序，he 三单 lives 7. 【答案】B 【解析】陈述语序 + tomorrow 将来 will begin 8. 【答案】B 【解析】「去哪里度假」用 where 9. 【答案】B 【解析】问原因用 why 10. 【答案】B 【解析】主过从过，is→was 11. 【答案】C 【解析】主过从过，at that time 过去进行 was watching 12. 【答案】B 【解析】科学真理永一现 travels 13. 【答案】A 【解析】陈述语序 + yesterday 此时过去进行 were doing 14. 【答案】A 【解析】who 在从句作主语，语序本就陈述 who is singing 15. 【答案】A 【解析】陈述语序 which one + 主语 I + should choose 题型二 填空 1. 【答案】whose 【解析】谁的，作 bike 的定语 2. 【答案】how 【解析】方式状语，怎样 3. 【答案】where 【解析】地点，去哪里 4. 【答案】who 【解析】他是谁，作表语 5. 【答案】where 【解析】车站在哪里 6. 【答案】was 【解析】主过从过，am→was 7. 【答案】was watching 【解析】主过从过，at that time 过去进行 8. 【答案】travels 【解析】科学真理永一现 9. 【答案】were cleaning 【解析】at this time yesterday 过去进行 10. 【答案】what 【解析】作 do 的宾语，做什么 11. 【答案】when 【解析】时间状语，何时 12. 【答案】was 【解析】主过从过 13. 【答案】who 【解析】在从句作主语，谁 14. 【答案】is 【解析】谚语真理永一现 题型三 完成句子 / 合并句子 1. 【答案】whose bike 【解析】谁的，whose 作定语修饰 bike 2. 【答案】how; goes 【解析】方式 how；she 三单 goes 3. 【答案】where; will 【解析】地点 where；将来 will go 4. 【答案】why; was 【解析】原因 why；主过从过 was 5. 【答案】travels faster 【解析】真理永一现，travels；faster than 比……快 6. 【答案】where; lives 【解析】保留 where，删 does，live→lives，陈述语序 7. 【答案】when; will 【解析】保留 when，will 移到主语 the meeting 后 8. 【答案】what; are doing 【解析】保留 what，are 移到主语 they 后 9. 【答案】was late 【解析】主过从过，陈述语序 why Jim was late 10. 【答案】who will 【解析】who 在从句作主语，语序不变 who will give 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $