Unit 6 Living with nature（语法填空专练）英语新教材外研版八年级下册

Unit 6 Living with nature 语法填空专练 话题：人与自然—与自然共生 基础篇 01 Many people believe that the environment is being destroyed (破坏), and they think this is a new problem. They believe we are hurting nature because there are too many people and we use too many 1 (thing). This is true for some problems like the earth getting 2 (hot) than it was in the past. But deforestation (毁林) has been happening for centuries. One study shows how the land on earth 3 (change) for over the past 10,000 years. It shows that about of the earth’s land is good for living things. The rest is mostly ice, desert 4 other unsuitable (不合适的) places for life. It also shows that 10,000 years ago, of the world’s livable land 5 (cover) in forest. Today, only about is left. We have lost one-third of the world’s forests, an area twice as big 6 the United States! We lost only a small amount of forest in the first 5,000 years. At that time, there were very few people in the world. They needed a lot of land 7 (grow) enough food, but there was little need for forests. The world lost half of 8 (it) forests in the last 100 years. This is 9 same amount (数量) of forest that was lost from 8000 BC to 1900. Cutting down trees is not new, but it has worsened 10 (recent). While we need land for farming, new technology may help us grow more food on less land. This could help to save forests for everyone. However, we need to take action now. 【答案】 1．things 2．hotter 3．has changed 4．or 5．was covered 6．as 7．to grow 8．its 9．the 10．recently 【导语】本文主要讲述了地球的土地从过去发生了变化，毁林现象已经持续了数百年，森林覆盖面积一直在流失。砍伐树木已经不是新问题，但是近期的情况更加恶化。呼吁我们采取行动保护森林。 1．句意：他们相信我们正在伤害自然因为有太多的人并且我们使用了太多的东西。空格前“too many”后面应用名词的复数形式，应填things。 2．句意：这对于一些问题是正确的，比如全球变暖。空格后“than”是比较级的标志词，“hot”是以辅元辅重读闭音节结尾的形容词，应填hotter。 3．句意：一项研究表明地球在过去的10000年是如何变化的。句中“for over the past 10,000 years”为for+持续的一段时间，现在完成时的标志，主语“the land”为单数形式，应填has changed。 4．句意：剩下的是冰，沙漠或者其他不适合生存的地方。空格前后“ ice, desert”和“other unsuitable places”为并列关系，且此处表示否定，应填or。 5．句意：它还表明10000年前，世界上57%适合生存的陆地被森林覆盖。主语“livable land”和谓语动词“cover”是被动关系，而且根据“10,000 years ago”，应用一般过去时的被动语态，应填was covered。 6．句意：我们已经失去了三分之一的世界森林，面积是美国的两倍大。句子“twice as big”可知，此处为as…as和……一样……的结构，应填as。 7．句意：他们需要许多的土地去种植足够的食物。空格前“needed a lot of land”和“enough food”可知，需要土地的目的是为了种足够的食物，动词不定式表目的，应填to grow。 8．句意：在过去的100年，世界失去了它一半的森林。空格后为名词“forests”，此处应用形容词性物主代词，应填its。 9．句意：这和我们从公元前8000年到1900年失去的森林面积数量一样。“the same”相同的，固定搭配，应填the。 10．句意：砍伐森林不是新问题，但是最近的情况有所恶化。分析句子可知，此处用副词作时间状语，应填recently。 02 An amazing change is happening in the Kubuqi Desert. During the cold winters, farmers are busy 1 sand-control work. The main task is to repair straw checker-boards. The straw checker-boards 2 (build) by farmers to hold the moving sand. Zhang Yong, 3 experienced farmer says, “We use these straw checkerboards every year 4 (keep) the land safe from the sand.” The Kubuqi Desert was known as a “dead land”. Since the 1950s, with the hard work of local people, things have changed 5 (great). The yellow sand has gradually turned into green fields. Herdsman Wangjil, who is 6 (old) than most of his neighbours, is very proud to see the changes. The key to success lies in mixing new tools with traditional 7 (method). Wangjil often thinks about the question, “How can we stay together with 8 (desert)?” His answer is “by understanding 9 (they) ways”. It shows that deserts don’t have to be people’s enemies. Instead, they can live with deserts in a friendly way. Although it is a longterm job, people are still full of hope, 10 they will continue sand-control work in the following years. 【答案】 1．with 2．are built 3．an 4．to keep 5．greatly 6．older 7．methods 8．deserts 9．their 10．so 【导语】本文介绍了库布齐沙漠的治沙变化，讲述了当地农民通过草方格等传统与现代结合的方法治理沙漠，让“死亡之地”逐渐变为绿洲，体现了人与自然和谐共处的理念。 1．句意：在寒冷的冬天，农民们忙于治沙工作。 根据“farmers are busy ... sand-control work”及固定搭配可知，此处考查短语be busy with sth.，意为“忙于某事”。故填with。 2．句意：这些草方格由农民们建造，用来固定流动的沙子。 根据“The straw checker-boards ... (build) by farmers”可知，主语The straw checker-boards和动词build之间是被动关系，且句子时态为一般现在时，一般现在时的被动语态结构为“be+过去分词”，主语为复数，be动词用are，build的过去分词是built。故填are built。 3．句意：张勇，一位有经验的农民，说：“我们每年都用这些草方格来保护土地免受风沙侵袭。” 根据“Zhang Yong, ... experienced farmer says”可知，此处表示“一位有经验的农民”，experienced以元音音素开头，不定冠词用an。故填an。 4．句意：我们每年都用这些草方格来保护土地免受风沙侵袭。 根据“We use these straw checkerboards every year ... (keep) the land safe from the sand”可知，此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表达“使用草方格”的目的是“保护土地”。故填to keep。 5．句意：自20世纪50年代以来，在当地人的辛勤努力下，情况发生了巨大变化。 根据“things have changed ... (great)”可知，此处修饰动词changed，需要用副词作状语，great的副词形式greatly意为“极大地”，符合语境。故填greatly。 6．句意：牧民旺吉勒比他的大多数邻居都年长，看到这些变化他感到非常自豪。 根据“who is ... (old) than most of his neighbours”可知，than是比较级的标志词，old的比较级是older。故填older。 7．句意：成功的关键在于将新工具与传统方法相结合。 根据“mixing new tools with traditional ... (method)”可知，method是可数名词，此处表示“多种传统方法”，需要用复数形式methods。故填methods。 8．句意：我们怎样才能和沙漠共处呢？ 根据“How can we stay together with ... (desert)?”可知，此处表示“沙漠”这一类事物，需要用复数形式deserts。故填deserts。 9．句意：他的答案是“通过理解它们的方式”。 根据“by understanding ... (they) ways”可知，此处修饰名词ways，需要用形容词性物主代词作定语，they的形容词性物主代词是their。故填their。 10．句意：虽然这是一项长期的工作，但人们仍然充满希望，所以他们将在未来几年继续治沙工作。 根据“people are still full of hope, ... they will continue sand-control work in the following years”可知，前后句为因果关系，前因后果，so意为“所以”，符合语境。故填so。 03 Living with nature is the most important lesson for humans. For thousands of years, people 1 (live) with nature peacefully, but now many 2 (problem) have appeared. A lot of wild animals are in danger because their homes 3 (destroy) by humans. The air and water are badly polluted, 4 makes it hard for all living things to survive. 5 (protect) nature has become a world-famous task. We must take action right now. We should stop 6 (cut) down trees and hunting wild animals. We can use reusable things instead 7 plastic products. The government has made strict laws 8 (keep) the balance of nature. As students, we can do small things in our daily life, like saving water and 9 (sort) rubbish. If we try our best to live with nature in harmony, the world 10 (be) more and more beautiful. 【答案】 1．have lived 2．problems 3．are being destroyed 4．which 5．Protecting 6．cutting 7．of 8．to keep 9．sorting 10．will be 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了人与自然和谐相处的重要性，以及当前环境面临的威胁和我们应该采取的保护措施。 1．句意：几千年来，人们一直与自然和平相处，但现在许多问题出现了。根据时间状语“For thousands of years”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，结构为have/has done。主语是“people”，助动词用have；live“居住”，动词，过去分词为lived。故填have lived。 2．句意：几千年来，人们一直与自然和平相处，但现在许多问题出现了。空处位于“many”后，填可数名词复数。problem“问题”，可数名词，复数形式为problems。故填problems。 3．句意：许多野生动物处于危险之中，因为它们的家园正被人类破坏。根据“A lot of wild animals are in danger”可知，破坏是正在进行的动作，此句时态用现在进行时。且“homes”与动词destroy“毁坏”之间为被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动语态，结构为am/is/are being done。主语“homes”是复数，be动词用are；destroy的过去分词为destroyed。故填are being destroyed。 4．句意：空气和水受到严重污染，这使得所有生物难以生存。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，并在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 5．句意：保护自然已成为世界知名的任务。protect“保护”，动词。空处作主语，应用动名词形式的protecting，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填Protecting。 6．句意：我们应该停止砍伐树木和捕猎野生动物。stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”，空处填动名词。cut“切”，动词，动名词为cutting。故填cutting。 7．句意：我们可以使用可重复使用的东西代替塑料制品。根据“reusable things”和“plastic products”可知，此处指用可重复使用的东西代替塑料制品。instead of是固定搭配，意为“代替”，故填of。 8．句意：政府制定了严格的法律以保持自然平衡。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示制定法律的目的。keep“保持”，动词，不定式为to keep。故填to keep。 9．句意：作为学生，我们在日常生活中可以做一些小事，像节约用水和垃圾分类。空处与“saving”并列，作介词“like”的宾语，应用动名词形式。sort“分类”，动词，动名词为sorting。故填sorting。 10．句意：如果我们尽力与大自然和谐共处，世界将变得越来越美丽。此句为if引导的条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。空处位于主句，用一般将来时，结构为will do。be“是”，动词。故填will be。 04 （25-26八年级下·四川达州·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 The Sahara Desert is in the north of Africa. It is the 1 (large) hot desert in the world, covering about 8,600,000 square kilometres. Life there in the past 2 (be) much more difficult for humans than in other places 3 it was hard to grow plants and find water there. The Sahara Desert has one of the most terrible living conditions on earth. It is very hot 4 dry all year round. The highest temperature there once reached 58℃. There is much oil in the Sahara Desert. After the people there found it, they started to sell it 5 other countries. Then they had money to build 6 (house) and roads in the desert. But the living conditions in the Sahara Desert are still hard now. And people are 7 (real) worried about the conditions getting worse. So the government tried hard to plant trees in 8 past few years. They also had some programs to let people know the importance of 9 (save) water. Now, the Sahara Desert has become much more beautiful than before. The Sahara Desert reminds 10 (we) that nature is just as important as humans. So we should try our best to protect it. 【答案】 1．largest 2．was 3．because 4．and 5．to 6．houses 7．really 8．the 9．saving 10．us 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的地理位置、气候条件、自然资源以及当地人为改善生活条件和保护环境所做的努力。 1．句意：它是世界上最大的热沙漠。此处表示“最大的”，需用形容词最高级，且句中有范围“in the world”。large“大的”是形容词，其最高级形式为largest。故填largest。 2．句意：过去那里的生活对人类来说比其他地方困难得多。主语Life是单数，且时间状语in the past提示为过去的情况，谓语动词需用一般过去时。be动词的单数过去式是was。故填was。 3．句意：因为那里很难种植植物和找到水源。后句解释前句“生活更困难”的原因，需用连词引导原因状语从句。because“因为”是连词，符合语境。故填because。 4．句意：这里全年都非常炎热干燥。hot和dry是两个并列的形容词，描述气候特点，需用并列连词连接。and“和”是连词，符合语境。故填and。 5．句意：他们开始把它卖给其他国家。sell sth. to sb.“把某物卖给某人”是动词短语，to是介词，表示对象。故填to。 6．句意：然后他们有了钱在沙漠里建造房屋和道路。build后需接名词作宾语，且houses和roads并列，需用名词复数形式。house“房屋”的复数形式为houses。故填houses。 7．句意：人们非常担心环境恶化。此处修饰形容词worried，需用副词形式。real“真正的”是形容词，其副词形式为really“真正地，非常”。故填really。 8．句意：所以在过去几年里，政府努力植树。in the past few years“在过去几年里”是介词短语，需用定冠词the。故填the。 9．句意：他们还开展了一些项目，让人们认识到节约用水的重要性。介词of后需接动名词形式作宾语。save“节约”是动词，其动名词形式为saving。故填saving。 10．句意：撒哈拉沙漠提醒我们，自然和人类同样重要。动词reminds后需接人称代词的宾格形式作宾语。we“我们”是人称代词主格，其宾格形式为us。故填us。 培优篇 05 （25-26八年级下·福建厦门·期中）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入恰当的词（每空不超过2个词），使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Do you know the largest nature park in China? It is Sanjiangyuan National Park on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原). “Sanjiangyuan” 1 (mean) the headwaters of China’s three great rivers: the Yangtze River, Yellow River and Lancang River. The Yangtze River is the longest of the three. Sanjiangyuan is famous 2 the beautiful scenery. It’s called the Water Tower of China or even Asia because there are lots of rivers, lakes, and wetlands. All the people living around it depend on its rich 3 (nature) resources (资源). However, with the global warming and human activities, the place was once in great danger. Life there was also much 4 (difficult) for both animals and humans than that in other places. To stop things from 5 (get) worse, our government has taken many measures, such as building Sanjiangyuan National Park. Many people joined the environmental protection club. The club advised the members 6 (start) a WeChat group and invite other people to join in. This was a great idea. It allowed more and more people to meet each other online 7 talk about how to protect the environment. Now, people there are living in peace with nature. Our country is trying 8 (it) best to make Sanjiangyuan National Park one of the most famous 9 (park) all over the world. I believe in the future the park will be 10 window to show Chinese scenic beauty to the outside. 【答案】 1．means 2．for 3．natural 4．more difficult 5．getting 6．to start 7．and 8．its 9．parks 10．a 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国最大的自然公园 ——三江源国家公园，包括它的含义、地位、面临的危机以及保护措施，表达了对三江源未来的美好展望。 1．句意：“三江源”指的是中国三大河流的源头：长江、黄河和澜沧江。which引导定语从句，先行词Sanjiangyuan为单数名词，句子为一般现在时，动词mean需变为第三人称单数形式means。 2．句意：三江源因美丽的风景而闻名。be famous for意为“因……而闻名”，固定搭配，此处需用介词for。 3．句意：周边居民都依赖它丰富的自然资源。名词resources需用形容词修饰，nature的形容词形式为natural“自然的”。 4．句意：对动物和人类来说，那里的生活也比其他地方艰难得多。句中出现比较级标志词than，且much可修饰比较级，difficult的比较级形式为more difficult。 5．句意：为了阻止情况恶化，我们的政府采取了许多措施，比如建立三江源国家公园。stop…from doing sth.意为“阻止……做某事”，介词from后接动名词，get的动名词形式为getting。 6．句意：俱乐部建议成员们创建一个微信群，并邀请其他人加入。advise sb. to do sth.意为“建议某人做某事”，固定搭配，此处需用不定式to start。 7．句意：这让越来越多的人可以在线见面，并讨论如何保护环境。meet each other和talk about是并列谓语，应用连词and连接。 8．句意：我们国家正尽最大努力使三江源国家公园成为世界上最著名的公园之一。try one’s best意为“尽某人最大努力”，主语为Our country，对应的形容词性物主代词为its。 9．句意：我们国家正尽最大努力使三江源国家公园成为世界上最著名的公园之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，park需变为复数形式parks。 10．句意：我相信在未来，这个公园将成为向外界展示中国风景之美的一个窗口。window是可数名词单数，此处表泛指“一个”，且window以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 06 Nature is full of wonders. Every day, we 1 (discover) new things about the world around us. Coral reefs, for example, are home to millions of marine creatures. But now, they 2 (face) great danger. Climate change 3 (cause) the ocean temperature to rise. As a result, many corals are turning white and dying. Pollution is another big problem. Factories and farms are pouring waste into the ocean, which 4 (harm) the coral polyps. Overfishing also destroys the balance of the marine ecosystem. We must 5 (take) action to protect coral reefs. We can save energy to reduce carbon emissions. We can also 6 (avoid) using plastic products. Scientists 7 (research) ways to help corals adapt to the changing environment. With everyone’s effort, coral reefs 8 (survive) for future generations. In fact, protecting coral reefs is protecting ourselves. They 9 (provide) us with food and protect the coastline from storms. Let’s work together to keep these natural wonders 10 (live). 【答案】 1．discover 2．are facing 3．is causing 4．harms 5．take 6．avoid 7．are researching 8．will survive 9．provide 10．alive 【导语】本文主要介绍了珊瑚礁面临的危机、成因及保护措施，呼吁人们共同保护珊瑚礁这一自然奇观。 1．句意：每天，我们都在发现关于周围世界的新事物。主语we是复数，时间状语“Every day”表示经常性动作，句子用一般现在时，谓语动词用原形。 2．句意：但现在，它们正面临巨大的危险。时间状语now表示当前正在发生的动作，句子用现在进行时，结构为“be + doing”，主语they是复数，be动词用are，face的现在分词为facing。 3．句意：气候变化正导致海洋温度上升。句子描述正在持续发生的过程，用现在进行时。主语“Climate change”是不可数名词，be动词用is，cause的现在分词为causing。 4．句意：工厂和农场向海洋排放废物，这会伤害珊瑚虫。句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，which指代前面的句子内容，为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式harms。 5．句意：我们必须采取行动保护珊瑚礁。情态动词must后接动词原形。 6．句意：我们也可以避免使用塑料制品。 情态动词can后接动词原形。 7．句意：科学家们正在研究帮助珊瑚适应环境变化的方法。句子描述当前正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，主语Scientists是复数，be动词用are，research的现在分词为researching。 8．句意：在大家的努力下，珊瑚礁将为后代而生存下去。后半句“for future generations”表明是对未来的展望，用一般将来时，结构为“will + 动词原形”。 9．句意：它们为我们提供食物，并保护海岸线免受风暴侵袭。句子描述珊瑚礁的客观功能，用一般现在时，主语They是复数，谓语动词用原形provide。 10．句意：让我们共同努力，让这些自然奇观保持生机。“keep sth. + adj.”表示“使某物保持某种状态”，live的形容词形式为alive“活着的，有生机的”。 07 （25-26八年级下·湖南长沙·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mount Huangshan lies in Anhui Province and attracts millions of travellers every year. It is one of the 1 (great) natural wonders in China. People dream of climbing its strange peaks and watching the famous sea of clouds. 2 (surprising), the mountain looks different in each season and the weather is so changeable that many visitors come here again and again. The mountain has a long history. In the Ming Dynasty, the famous traveller Xu Xiake visited Huangshan. Then he 3 (write), “There is no mountain worth (值得) seeing after visiting Huangshan.” However, the climb is not easy. Some travellers have to deal 4 physical difficulties such as tired legs and sore feet. Others even get lost in the thick fog. But its amazing beauty always encourages people to keep going. Today, visitors can choose different 5 (way) to enjoy the mountain. The new cable cars (缆车) allow tourists 6 (enjoy) the beauty of Huangshan without walking too much. Some travellers worry that modern development takes away the real spirit of the mountain. 7 it saves time, it cannot offer the joy of real climbing. They say it makes people forget how to challenge 8 (they). Whether we take the cable car or walk bit by bit, Huangshan leaves us with 9 unusual experience. It teaches us that the highest 10 (achieve) often comes after the hardest climb. 【答案】 1．greatest 2．Surprisingly 3．wrote 4．with 5．ways 6．to enjoy 7．Although/Though 8．themselves 9．an 10．achievement 【导语】本文是一篇介绍黄山的说明文，讲述了黄山的自然景观、历史渊源、游览方式，以及现代发展带来的争议，最终点明 “最艰难的攀登后，往往能收获最高的成就” 这一道理。 1．句意：它是中国最伟大的自然奇观之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数” 是固定结构，表示“最……之一”，故great变为最高级greatest。 2．句意：令人惊讶的是，这座山在每个季节看起来都不同。此处需要副词修饰整个句子，surprising变为副词Surprisingly（句首首字母大写）。 3．句意：然后他写道：“游览过黄山后，便没有哪座山值得一看了。”时间状语“In the Ming Dynasty”表明动作发生在过去，故write变为过去式wrote。 4．句意：一些游客不得不应对身体上的困难。固定搭配deal with表示“处理、应对”，故填介词with。 5．句意：如今，游客可以选择不同的方式欣赏这座山。different后接可数名词复数，故way变为复数ways。 6．句意：新缆车让游客不必走太多路就能欣赏黄山的美景。固定搭配allow sb. to do sth.表示“允许某人做某事”，故填to enjoy。 7．句意：虽然它节省时间，但无法提供真正攀登的乐趣。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然、尽管”，故填Although/Though。 8．句意：他们说这会让人们忘记如何挑战自我。challenge oneself表示“挑战自我”，主语是people，故they变为反身代词themselves。 9．句意：无论我们坐缆车还是一步步走，黄山都留给我们一段不寻常的经历。experience是可数名词。意为“经历”，unusual以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an，表示“一段经历”。 10．句意：它教会我们，最高的成就往往在最艰难的攀登之后到来。the highest后接名词，achieve变为名词achievement，表示“成就”。 08 There are two meanings of autumn equinox. First, it 1 (lie) at the midpoint of autumn, dividing autumn into two equal parts. Second, on the day of autumn equinox, 2 day and night are of equal length (12 hours) and the sun shines almost directly over the equator. After autumn equinox, China will have cooler days. So on this day, people have some special 3 (activity) to celebrate it. 4 (stand) eggs up on their ends On autumn equinox day, thousands of people around the world try to make eggs stand on 5 (they) ends. So far, this Chinese custom 6 (become) the world’s game. Those people with experience say eggs about four or five days old are 7 (good) for the game than others. Sending the autumn cattle The so-called autumn cattle is a piece of red or yellow paper printed with solar terms and a picture of farming cattle. On autumn equinox day, people often take these pieces of paper from house to house 8 say or sing some words with good wishes, so they may get some pocket money. Eating qiucai Qiucai is a kind 9 wild autumn vegetable. It’s thin and about 20 cm long. Every autumn equinox day, some people in South China go to pick qiucai in the wild. Then they put qiucai into soup with fish. It is believed 10 it can clear the liver and intestines and make people healthy. 【答案】 1．lies 2．the 3．activities 4．Standing 5．their 6．has become 7．better 8．and 9．of 10．that 【导语】本文主要介绍了秋分的含义及秋分的习俗。 1．句意：首先，它位于秋天的中点，将秋天分成两个相等的部分。此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语it是第三人称单数，lie要用其三单形式lies。 2．句意：其次，在秋分这一天，昼夜时长相等（各12小时），太阳几乎直射赤道。此处特指秋分当天的昼夜，用定冠词the修饰。 3．句意：所以在这一天，人们会举行一些特别的活动来庆祝它。activity是可数名词，some后接可数名词复数，activity的复数形式为activities。 4．句意：把鸡蛋竖着立起来。此处位于小标题，用动名词形式与下文的“Sending the autumn cattle和Eating qiucai”并列，stand的动名词形式为standing，句首要首字母大写。 5．句意：在秋分这一天，世界各地成千上万的人尝试让鸡蛋竖着立起来。此处修饰名词ends，要用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词是their。 6．句意：到目前为止，这个中国习俗已经成为了世界的游戏。标志词So far（到目前为止）是现在完成时的标志，主语this Chinese custom是单数，助动词用has，become的过去分词形式不变。 7．句意：有经验的人说，存放了大约四五天的鸡蛋比其他鸡蛋更适合做这个游戏。句中有than表示比较，要用good的比较级better。 8．句意：在秋分这天，人们常常带着这些纸挨家挨户地走，说或唱一些带有美好祝愿的话语。这样他们可能会得到一些零花钱。空格前后是顺承关系，用and连接。 9．句意：秋菜是一种野生的秋天的蔬菜。a kind of是固定搭配，意为“一种”。 10．句意：人们认为它可以清理肝脏和肠道，使人健康。It is believed that…是固定句型，it作形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。 09 Nature is our greatest teacher. For thousands of years, humans 1 (learn) to live in harmony with nature. The 24 Solar Terms are one of the greatest pieces of wisdom from nature. They 2 (guide) people’s farming activities and daily lives for a long time. Many people wonder 3 the 24 Solar Terms came from. It is based on the changes of the sun’s position, temperature and other natural phenomena. Farmers know when 4 (plant) and harvest crops according to the terms. For example, they plant seeds at the Start of Spring and harvest wheat at Grain in Ear. Today, with the development of technology, fewer people 5 (work) as farmers. However, the 24 Solar Terms are still important in our lives. Many young people 6 (become) interested in it and share related content online. They want to know more about 7 their ancestors lived with nature. Solar energy is another gift from nature. It is a clean and renewable energy source. People 8 (use) solar panels to generate electricity and charge their devices. This not only saves natural resources but also protects the environment. We should always remember 9 nature provides us with everything we need. We must respect nature, follow its laws and take action to protect it. Only in this way can we ensure that the wisdom of living with nature 10 (carry) into the future. 【答案】 1．have learned/have learnt 2．have guided 3．where 4．to plant 5．work 6．are becoming 7．how 8．use 9．that 10．will be carried 【导语】本文主要介绍了大自然是人类伟大的老师，重点阐述了二十四节气的起源与作用，以及太阳能等自然资源对现代生活的意义，呼吁人们尊重自然并传承与自然和谐相处的智慧。 1．句意：数千年来，人类已经学会了与自然和谐共处。根据“For thousands of years”可知，动作从过去开始持续到现在，应用现在完成时，结构为“have/has done”。主语humans是复数，助动词用have。learn的过去分词为learned或learnt。故填have learned/have learnt。 2．句意：长期以来，它指导着人们的农事活动和日常生活。根据“for a long time”可知，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时。主语They指代二十四节气，是复数，助动词用have。故填have guided。 3．句意：许多人想知道二十四节气从何而来。根据“Many people wonder…the 24 Solar Terms came from.”可知，wonder后接从句，由come from可知此处是在询问来源，应用连接副词where。故填where。 4．句意：农民们根据节气知晓何时播种、何时收割庄稼。根据“Farmers know when…and harvest”可知，此处是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语。故填to plant。 5．句意：如今，随着科技的发展，从事农业的人越来越少。根据“Today”可知，此处描述目前的社会现状，应用一般现在时。主语fewer people为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填work。 6．句意：许多年轻人正逐渐对它产生兴趣，并在网上分享相关内容。根据“Many young people…interested in it and share related content online.”可知，此处是在描述一种社会流行趋势，越来越多的年轻人正在逐渐对传统节气文化产生兴趣。become意为“变得”。此处应用现在进行时are becoming来强调兴趣在不断增长的动态过程。主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are becoming。 7．句意：他们想更多地了解他们的祖先是如何与自然共处的。根据“…their ancestors lived with nature”可知，此处引导宾语从句，表达了解祖先与自然相处的方式，应用连接副词how。故填how。 8．句意：人们使用太阳能板发电并为设备充电。根据“People…solar panels to generate electricity and charge their devices.”可知，此处描述的是关于太阳能利用的客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语People是复数，动词用原形。故填use。 9．句意：我们应当始终牢记，大自然为我们提供了所需的一切。根据“We should always remember…nature provides us with everything”可知，此处remember后接宾语从句。从句句意完整且不缺成分，应用连接词that引导。故填that。 10．句意：唯有如此，我们才能确保与自然共处的智慧得以传承到未来。根据“into the future”可知，此处表示将来的动作，应用一般将来时。主语the wisdom与carry之间是被动关系，表示“智慧被传承”，应用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为“will be done”。故填will be carried。 10 You must have heard of Sanfu days. Well, Sanfu days are also known as the “Chinese dog days of summer”. They mark the 1 (hot) days of summer. Sanfu days include three periods (时期): Toufu, Zhongfu and Mofu. In Chinese, “fu” 2 (have) the meaning of “hiding”. So it is suggested that people should stay 3 home to “hide” from the strong heat outdoors in summer. Sanfu days usually come between mid­-July 4 mid­-August. During this time, Chinese people follow different traditional 5 (way) to deal with the heat and stay healthy. Now let’s have 6 look at some customs (习俗) of spending the Chinese dog days of summer. In Changsha, local people often eat roosters (公鸡) during Sanfu days, 7 (especial) during Toufu. That’s because it is always hot with heavy rain in summer. Local people believe that eating roosters can clear the wet in 8 (they) body. And there is even an old saying that goes, “Eat a rooster at the 9 (begin) of Sanfu days, a healthy body the whole year.” Besides, the practice of receiving Sanfutie is also known in China during Sanfu days. It is a kind of Sanfu medicinal patch (贴片). Many people receive Sanfutie 10 (help) them fight some winter illnesses. 【答案】 1．hottest 2．has 3．at 4．and 5．ways 6．a 7．especially 8．their 9．beginning 10．to help 【导语】本文主要介绍了三伏天的相关信息，包括其含义、包含的时期、出现的时间、中国人应对三伏天的传统方式以及一些相关习俗。 1．句意：它们标志着夏天最热的日子。根据“They mark the…(hot) days of summer.”可知，此处要用hot的最高级形式，表示“最热的”，hot的最高级是hottest。故填hottest。 2．句意：在中文里，“伏”有“隐藏”的意思。根据“In Chinese, ‘fu’…(have) the meaning of ‘hiding’.”可知，句子描述的是客观事实，要用一般现在时，主语“fu”是第三人称单数，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，have的第三人称单数形式是has。故填has。 3．句意：所以建议人们在夏天应该待在家里以躲避户外的酷热。根据“stay…home”可知，此处表示“待在家里”，stay at home是固定短语，意为“待在家里”。故填at。 4．句意：三伏天通常在七月中旬到八月中旬之间。根据“between mid-July…mid-August”可知，此处表示“在……和……之间”，要用连词and连接。故填and。 5．句意：在这段时间里，中国人遵循不同的传统方式来应对炎热并保持健康。根据“different traditional…(way)”可知，different修饰可数名词复数，way的复数形式是ways。故填ways。 6．句意：现在让我们来看看一些过中国三伏天的习俗。根据“have…look at”可知，此处表示“看一看”，要用固定短语have a look at。故填a。 7．句意：在长沙，当地人在三伏天经常吃公鸡，尤其是在头伏期间。根据“during Sanfu days,…(especial) during Toufu”可知，此处要用副词especially修饰整个句子，表示“尤其”。故填especially。 8．句意：当地人认为吃公鸡可以清除他们体内的湿气。根据“in…(they) body”可知，此处要用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词body，表示“他们的”。故填their。 9．句意：还有一句老话说：“头伏吃只鸡，一年都健康。”根据“at the…(begin) of Sanfu days”可知，此处表示“在……开始时”，要用固定短语at the beginning of。故填beginning。 10．句意：许多人接受三伏贴来帮助他们对抗一些冬季疾病。根据“Many people receive Sanfutie…(help) them fight some winter illnesses.”可知，此处表示目的，要用动词不定式to help作目的状语。故填to help。 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Living with nature 语法填空专练 话题：人与自然—与自然共生 基础篇 01 Many people believe that the environment is being destroyed (破坏), and they think this is a new problem. They believe we are hurting nature because there are too many people and we use too many 1 (thing). This is true for some problems like the earth getting 2 (hot) than it was in the past. But deforestation (毁林) has been happening for centuries. One study shows how the land on earth 3 (change) for over the past 10,000 years. It shows that about of the earth’s land is good for living things. The rest is mostly ice, desert 4 other unsuitable (不合适的) places for life. It also shows that 10,000 years ago, of the world’s livable land 5 (cover) in forest. Today, only about is left. We have lost one-third of the world’s forests, an area twice as big 6 the United States! We lost only a small amount of forest in the first 5,000 years. At that time, there were very few people in the world. They needed a lot of land 7 (grow) enough food, but there was little need for forests. The world lost half of 8 (it) forests in the last 100 years. This is 9 same amount (数量) of forest that was lost from 8000 BC to 1900. Cutting down trees is not new, but it has worsened 10 (recent). While we need land for farming, new technology may help us grow more food on less land. This could help to save forests for everyone. However, we need to take action now. 02 An amazing change is happening in the Kubuqi Desert. During the cold winters, farmers are busy 1 sand-control work. The main task is to repair straw checker-boards. The straw checker-boards 2 (build) by farmers to hold the moving sand. Zhang Yong, 3 experienced farmer says, “We use these straw checkerboards every year 4 (keep) the land safe from the sand.” The Kubuqi Desert was known as a “dead land”. Since the 1950s, with the hard work of local people, things have changed 5 (great). The yellow sand has gradually turned into green fields. Herdsman Wangjil, who is 6 (old) than most of his neighbours, is very proud to see the changes. The key to success lies in mixing new tools with traditional 7 (method). Wangjil often thinks about the question, “How can we stay together with 8 (desert)?” His answer is “by understanding 9 (they) ways”. It shows that deserts don’t have to be people’s enemies. Instead, they can live with deserts in a friendly way. Although it is a longterm job, people are still full of hope, 10 they will continue sand-control work in the following years. 03 Living with nature is the most important lesson for humans. For thousands of years, people 1 (live) with nature peacefully, but now many 2 (problem) have appeared. A lot of wild animals are in danger because their homes 3 (destroy) by humans. The air and water are badly polluted, 4 makes it hard for all living things to survive. 5 (protect) nature has become a world-famous task. We must take action right now. We should stop 6 (cut) down trees and hunting wild animals. We can use reusable things instead 7 plastic products. The government has made strict laws 8 (keep) the balance of nature. As students, we can do small things in our daily life, like saving water and 9 (sort) rubbish. If we try our best to live with nature in harmony, the world 10 (be) more and more beautiful. 04 （25-26八年级下·四川达州·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 The Sahara Desert is in the north of Africa. It is the 1 (large) hot desert in the world, covering about 8,600,000 square kilometres. Life there in the past 2 (be) much more difficult for humans than in other places 3 it was hard to grow plants and find water there. The Sahara Desert has one of the most terrible living conditions on earth. It is very hot 4 dry all year round. The highest temperature there once reached 58℃. There is much oil in the Sahara Desert. After the people there found it, they started to sell it 5 other countries. Then they had money to build 6 (house) and roads in the desert. But the living conditions in the Sahara Desert are still hard now. And people are 7 (real) worried about the conditions getting worse. So the government tried hard to plant trees in 8 past few years. They also had some programs to let people know the importance of 9 (save) water. Now, the Sahara Desert has become much more beautiful than before. The Sahara Desert reminds 10 (we) that nature is just as important as humans. So we should try our best to protect it. 培优篇 05 （25-26八年级下·福建厦门·期中）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入恰当的词（每空不超过2个词），使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Do you know the largest nature park in China? It is Sanjiangyuan National Park on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原). “Sanjiangyuan” 1 (mean) the headwaters of China’s three great rivers: the Yangtze River, Yellow River and Lancang River. The Yangtze River is the longest of the three. Sanjiangyuan is famous 2 the beautiful scenery. It’s called the Water Tower of China or even Asia because there are lots of rivers, lakes, and wetlands. All the people living around it depend on its rich 3 (nature) resources (资源). However, with the global warming and human activities, the place was once in great danger. Life there was also much 4 (difficult) for both animals and humans than that in other places. To stop things from 5 (get) worse, our government has taken many measures, such as building Sanjiangyuan National Park. Many people joined the environmental protection club. The club advised the members 6 (start) a WeChat group and invite other people to join in. This was a great idea. It allowed more and more people to meet each other online 7 talk about how to protect the environment. Now, people there are living in peace with nature. Our country is trying 8 (it) best to make Sanjiangyuan National Park one of the most famous 9 (park) all over the world. I believe in the future the park will be 10 window to show Chinese scenic beauty to the outside. 06 Nature is full of wonders. Every day, we 1 (discover) new things about the world around us. Coral reefs, for example, are home to millions of marine creatures. But now, they 2 (face) great danger. Climate change 3 (cause) the ocean temperature to rise. As a result, many corals are turning white and dying. Pollution is another big problem. Factories and farms are pouring waste into the ocean, which 4 (harm) the coral polyps. Overfishing also destroys the balance of the marine ecosystem. We must 5 (take) action to protect coral reefs. We can save energy to reduce carbon emissions. We can also 6 (avoid) using plastic products. Scientists 7 (research) ways to help corals adapt to the changing environment. With everyone’s effort, coral reefs 8 (survive) for future generations. In fact, protecting coral reefs is protecting ourselves. They 9 (provide) us with food and protect the coastline from storms. Let’s work together to keep these natural wonders 10 (live). 07 （25-26八年级下·湖南长沙·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mount Huangshan lies in Anhui Province and attracts millions of travellers every year. It is one of the 1 (great) natural wonders in China. People dream of climbing its strange peaks and watching the famous sea of clouds. 2 (surprising), the mountain looks different in each season and the weather is so changeable that many visitors come here again and again. The mountain has a long history. In the Ming Dynasty, the famous traveller Xu Xiake visited Huangshan. Then he 3 (write), “There is no mountain worth (值得) seeing after visiting Huangshan.” However, the climb is not easy. Some travellers have to deal 4 physical difficulties such as tired legs and sore feet. Others even get lost in the thick fog. But its amazing beauty always encourages people to keep going. Today, visitors can choose different 5 (way) to enjoy the mountain. The new cable cars (缆车) allow tourists 6 (enjoy) the beauty of Huangshan without walking too much. Some travellers worry that modern development takes away the real spirit of the mountain. 7 it saves time, it cannot offer the joy of real climbing. They say it makes people forget how to challenge 8 (they). Whether we take the cable car or walk bit by bit, Huangshan leaves us with 9 unusual experience. It teaches us that the highest 10 (achieve) often comes after the hardest climb. 08 There are two meanings of autumn equinox. First, it 1 (lie) at the midpoint of autumn, dividing autumn into two equal parts. Second, on the day of autumn equinox, 2 day and night are of equal length (12 hours) and the sun shines almost directly over the equator. After autumn equinox, China will have cooler days. So on this day, people have some special 3 (activity) to celebrate it. 4 (stand) eggs up on their ends On autumn equinox day, thousands of people around the world try to make eggs stand on 5 (they) ends. So far, this Chinese custom 6 (become) the world’s game. Those people with experience say eggs about four or five days old are 7 (good) for the game than others. Sending the autumn cattle The so-called autumn cattle is a piece of red or yellow paper printed with solar terms and a picture of farming cattle. On autumn equinox day, people often take these pieces of paper from house to house 8 say or sing some words with good wishes, so they may get some pocket money. Eating qiucai Qiucai is a kind 9 wild autumn vegetable. It’s thin and about 20 cm long. Every autumn equinox day, some people in South China go to pick qiucai in the wild. Then they put qiucai into soup with fish. It is believed 10 it can clear the liver and intestines and make people healthy. 09 Nature is our greatest teacher. For thousands of years, humans 1 (learn) to live in harmony with nature. The 24 Solar Terms are one of the greatest pieces of wisdom from nature. They 2 (guide) people’s farming activities and daily lives for a long time. Many people wonder 3 the 24 Solar Terms came from. It is based on the changes of the sun’s position, temperature and other natural phenomena. Farmers know when 4 (plant) and harvest crops according to the terms. For example, they plant seeds at the Start of Spring and harvest wheat at Grain in Ear. Today, with the development of technology, fewer people 5 (work) as farmers. However, the 24 Solar Terms are still important in our lives. Many young people 6 (become) interested in it and share related content online. They want to know more about 7 their ancestors lived with nature. Solar energy is another gift from nature. It is a clean and renewable energy source. People 8 (use) solar panels to generate electricity and charge their devices. This not only saves natural resources but also protects the environment. We should always remember 9 nature provides us with everything we need. We must respect nature, follow its laws and take action to protect it. Only in this way can we ensure that the wisdom of living with nature 10 (carry) into the future. 10 You must have heard of Sanfu days. Well, Sanfu days are also known as the “Chinese dog days of summer”. They mark the 1 (hot) days of summer. Sanfu days include three periods (时期): Toufu, Zhongfu and Mofu. In Chinese, “fu” 2 (have) the meaning of “hiding”. So it is suggested that people should stay 3 home to “hide” from the strong heat outdoors in summer. Sanfu days usually come between mid­-July 4 mid­-August. During this time, Chinese people follow different traditional 5 (way) to deal with the heat and stay healthy. Now let’s have 6 look at some customs (习俗) of spending the Chinese dog days of summer. In Changsha, local people often eat roosters (公鸡) during Sanfu days, 7 (especial) during Toufu. That’s because it is always hot with heavy rain in summer. Local people believe that eating roosters can clear the wet in 8 (they) body. And there is even an old saying that goes, “Eat a rooster at the 9 (begin) of Sanfu days, a healthy body the whole year.” Besides, the practice of receiving Sanfutie is also known in China during Sanfu days. It is a kind of Sanfu medicinal patch (贴片). Many people receive Sanfutie 10 (help) them fight some winter illnesses. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $