Unit 1 Look it up!单元题型练（语法选择+语法填空+阅读+完形+任务型阅读+写作）-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册（沪教版）

**基本信息** 围绕"查阅信息"主题，通过多样化题型系统训练语言能力，注重知识应用与文化意识培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法选择|2篇短文20题|考查时态、非谓语等语法点|从基础语法到语篇应用，层层递进| |完形填空|2篇短文20题|基于人物和科学主题的综合填空|融合词汇辨析与上下文理解能力| |阅读理解|5篇短文20题|包含信息查找、推理判断等题型|从具体信息到抽象理解，梯度提升| |短文填空|2篇短文20空|语法填空与单词拼写结合|考查语法规则与词汇运用能力| |任务型阅读|1篇短文5题|细节理解与归纳总结|训练信息提取与语言组织能力| |书面表达|2个写作任务|人物介绍与主题发言|综合语言输出，体现文化意识|

Unit 1 Look it up! 单元话题热点题型组合练 一、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项。 Reading is an important way for us to learn new things. Almost every student 1 the habit of reading in daily life. A good book can teach us new knowledge and help us know more about the world. I have a useful book 2 Look It Up. It is a 13-year-old educational book. It is full of strange and interesting facts. It looks very simple but 3 . This book is very helpful. It is ready 4 us with our study. When we meet strange words or unknown knowledge, it always helps us clear up our doubts and cheers us 5 . When we have problems with our reading tasks, we can get useful methods from it. Besides, this book is educational. It keeps 6 us right knowledge and positive ideas. It never provides useless or wrong information. It also has many special columns, 7 as word stories and invention introductions. Reading it makes us knowledgeable and thoughtful. Good reading materials need our attention and study. We should be serious 8 our reading. We should gain knowledge and improve ourselves through reading. 9 we read carefully and think actively, we can get more from books. I am lucky 10 such a good book to learn from. I will keep reading and exploring new knowledge. 1．A．have B．has C．had D．will have 2．A．call B．calls C．called D．calling 3．A．use B．useful C．using D．used 4．A．help B．helping C．to help D．helps 5．A．up B．down C．on D．off 6．A．give B．giving C．to give D．gave 7．A．such B．so C．many D．much 8．A．about B．to C．for D．of 9．A．If B．Though C．But D．So 10．A．have B．having C．to have D．had 阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) was an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer and scientist. He was extremely intelligent and unusually talented. 1 paintings and inventions changed the way we think about art and science. Da Vinci was born in the countryside in Italy. From 2 early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic talent. As he grew older, he 3 to do many different things. His paintings are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps 4 painting in the world. He also had 5 inventions in his notebooks, including drawings of flying machines and other vehicles. Dinosaurs are a type 6 prehistoric animal. They first appeared around 245 million years ago. The word “dinosaur” comes from Greek words, and it means“terrible lizard”. Dinosaurs lived on land and walked on either two 7 four legs. Many dinosaurs ate plants, but some ate meat. They came in different sizes. Some were as small as chickens, and 8 were as big as ten elephants. Dinosaurs ruled the Earth for more than 180 million years. They suddenly died out about 66 million years ago. Scientists are not 9 sure why. They are learning more about dinosaurs by 10 their fossils. 1．A．He B．Him C．His D．Himself 2．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．A．learn B．learns C．learnt D．will learn 4．A．famous B．more famous C．most famous D．the most famous 5．A．many B．much C．few D．a little 6．A．with B．for C．of D．by 7．A．and B．or C．nor D．but 8．A．others B．other C．another D．the other 9．A．complete B．completely C．completed D．completion 10．A．study B．to study C．studied D．studying 二、完形填空 Nie Er was a famous Chinese musician. He was born in 1912 in Yunnan. From an early age, he showed great 1 talent. He loved music and learned to play many instruments. In the 1930s, China was in a difficult time. People were living in great 2 . Nie Er wanted to write songs to 3 the people. He wrote many famous songs, including the national anthem of China. Nie Er’s music was full of hope and courage. He was called “the People’s Musician” because his songs 4 people to fight for a better life. Dinosaurs are a type of prehistoric animal. They first appeared around 245 million years ago. They 5 the Earth for more than 180 million years. Some dinosaurs were plant-eaters, while others were meat-eaters. They came in different 6 — some were small, and some were huge. About 66 million years ago, dinosaurs suddenly 7 out. Scientists believe that a big disaster might have caused this. Today, we can learn about dinosaurs from their 8 . Leonardo da Vinci was a true genius. He was not only a painter but also an inventor and 9 . His paintings, likeMona Lisa, are famous all over the world. His notebooks include many interesting drawings of machines that were not built until hundreds of years later. He 10 the way people think about art and science. 1．A．musical B．painting C．writing D．acting 2．A．happiness B．suffering C．peace D．danger 3．A．encourage B．stop C．hurt D．surprise 4．A．stopped B．encouraged C．made D．kept 5．A．ruled B．left C．built D．changed 6．A．colours B．sizes C．shapes D．kinds 7．A．went B．died C．came D．took 8．A．books B．stories C．fossils D．pictures 9．A．scientist B．doctor C．teacher D．farmer 10．A．stopped B．changed C．kept D．followed The Earth’s history has been 4.5 billion years. Now it can be found in different periods (时期) of different 1 of fossils, and these fossils can 2 the history of our planet earth-shaking changes. Over 200 million years ago, on Earth there 3 a group of animals: the dinosaurs. They have dominated (支配) the Earth 4 up to 1.8 million years. However, dinosaurs died out 5 . Nobody knows why. And a very long time later, humans 6 and no one has seen a 7 dinosaur up to now. Today, we know everything about them 8 the dinosaur fossils. 9 people found dinosaurs’ bones (骨骼), teeth, egg fossils, and skin marks, footprints, and other cave sites (洞穴遗址), the scientists have discovered the 10 of the dinosaurs. 1．A．types B．sizes C．years D．places 2．A．speak B．tell C．say D．talk 3．A．had B．has C．were D．was 4．A．in B．of C．for D．to 5．A．quietly B．suddenly C．sadly D．finally 6．A．came B．disappeared C．appeared D．happened 7．A．real B．living C．alive D．interesting 8．A．with B．in C．from D．by 9．A．Before B．After C．When D．Since 10．A．secrets B．names C．eggs D．lives 三、阅读理解 Developing the habit of looking up information is necessary for middle school students. Here are some useful suggestions for you. First, make good use of dictionaries. Dictionaries are the most reliable tools for word learning. When you meet new words, look them up in the dictionary, record their meanings, pronunciations and usages. This helps you master words thoroughly. Second, choose reliable online resources. There are many learning websites and educational videos online. You can look up professional knowledge on formal platforms, but stay away from useless or wrong information. Third, summarize what you have learned. After looking up information, take notes and sort out key knowledge. Regular summary can help you remember knowledge well and use it flexibly. Fourth, keep practicing every day. Good habits are formed by long-term persistence. Keep looking up problems actively, and you will make great progress in your study. In a word, correct methods and persistent practice can help you benefit a lot from active exploration. 1．What is the most reliable tool for word learning? A．Websites. B．Dictionaries. C．Videos. D．Magazines. 2．What does the underlined word “persistence” mean? A．坚持 B．放弃 C．犹豫 D．改变 3．Which of the following is NOT the writer’s suggestion? A．Use dictionaries well. B．Choose reliable online resources. C．Never take study notes. D．Keep daily practice. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．How to Develop Good Study Habits B．How to Look Up Information Properly C．The Importance of Reading D．Useful Ways to Learn English Ants have the ability to smell out cancerous cells (癌细胞) in humans, which has been found by a study, suggesting that they could be used to find the cancer in the future. Scientists from The French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) found that some ants have a good sense of smell. “But more tests must be carried out before they could be used in hospitals,” the team said. The scientists did tests with 36 ants, smelling cells in the lab. First, they let the ants smell some cancerous human cells. Every time the ants smelt cancerous cells, they were rewarded with sugar solution (糖溶液). In the second step, the ants were put into two different smells. One was a new smell of healthy cells and the other was still the smell of the cancerous cells. Once the ants found the cancerous cells successfully, the researchers made them smell different cancerous cells. As such, the scientists found that ants could tell between cancerous and healthy cells and between two cancerous cells. This isn’t the first time that scientists have used the animals’ sense of smell to find cancerous cells. “Dogs are good at finding something with their noses. However, training dogs to do so needs several months or a year. On the other hand, ants can be easily raised in a short time. They are inexpensive, and hundreds of them can be trained with fewer times,” scientists pointed out. “This study shows that ants are able to learn very quickly. The way can be used for other tasks including finding danger or other illnesses,” scientists added. 1．What can we know from CNRS’s study? A．Ants help humans keep off cancer. B．Dogs are used to find people with cancer. C．Ants are able to smell out cancerous cells. D．Ants work better than dogs to find cancer. 2．Why are the ants better than dogs in the tests? ①They are cheaper.        ②They are easier to be raised. ③They are better at finding things.    ④They can be trained more quickly. ⑤They have a sharper sense of smell. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③⑤ 3．What’s the writing purpose (目的) of the text? A．To introduce ants that will be more useful than we imagine. B．To teach people to protect ants from now on. C．To show ants and dogs are both humans’ friends. D．To explain why ants are more important than dogs. How do we know the time? A clock, a watch or a mobile phone can help us. However, many years ago there were no clocks and knowing the time was not so easy. Over the centuries, people have developed different ways of telling the time. About 5,500 years ago, the Egyptians invented the sun clock. This was a tall stone building. Its shadow (影子) showed the movement of the sun. So people were able to know midday. The Egyptians made a sundial about 3,500 years ago. It was smaller than the sun clock and could let people know the time for half a day. On cloudy days or at night it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock or a sundial. Water clocks were the first clocks not to use the sun. The idea is simple. Water flows (流动) from one bottle to another. When the water reaches a certain level, it shows the hours. The Egyptians used water clocks about 3,400 years ago. These clocks were popular in the Middle East and China. But they failed to make people know the exact time. In the 13th century, the mechanical clock was invented. This was more exact, but it was expensive to make one. Over the next few centuries it was developed. For example, spring (发条) were added around 1500. This enabled people to get the correct time and allowed clocks to be smaller. In 1927, the first quartz clock was developed. Clocks became cheaper to build. It’s also cheaper for ordinary people to own a clock. People began depending on them more and more to run business, markets and so on. More recently, in 1956, came the digital clock. And nowadays satellites send our mobile phones the time to the exact second. There has been a lot of progress in timekeeping. Clocks are always changing but some things never change. Many of us still have trouble getting out of bed on time and not being late for school or work. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．According to the passage, we can’t use the ________ to tell the time on a rainy day. A．water clock B．sun clock C．digital clock D．mechanical clock 2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “ordinary” in the third paragraph? A．modern B．special C．rich D．common 3．How many kinds of clocks are mentioned in the passage? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? （①—paragraph 1,  ②—paragraph 2, …） A．B． C． D． 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The importance of time. B．The development of timekeeping. C．The inventions of clocks. D．The history of a digital clock. People call Mary’s grandmother a “walking encyclopaedia”. She could probably write an encyclopaedia without the help of anyone else! She is knowledgeable. When she takes part in quizzes, she always wins. She knows the answers to all the questions and always gets them right. “How do you know so many things?” Mary asked. “First, I never forget anything I read or hear. All the knowledge I get from books or TV programmes. It is kept inside my head. I like reading life stories best, so I know a lot about many famous people. Second, I have had a long and interesting life. I have done many different things. When I left school, I became a nurse and learnt a lot about health and medicine. Then I married your grandfather. He was a naturalist (博物学家) and studied plants and animals. His job took us to many different parts of the world, and I learnt about many countries and their wildlife. Then my sons—your father and his two brothers—were born. They grew up and liked all kinds of sports, so I learnt the rules of many sports from them.” 1．Mary’s grandmother is called a “walking encyclopaedia” because ________. A．she often joins in quizzes B．she knows so much C．she never does anything wrong D．she can write an encyclopaedia herself 2．Mary’s grandmother got the knowledge from the following EXCEPT ________. A．books B．TV programmes C．her sons D．famous people 3．There are ________ reasons for grandma’s rich knowledge. A．one B．two C．three D．four 4．Which sentence can best describe the article? A．Never too late to learn. B．Health is better than wealth. C．A good medicine tastes bitter. D．Failure is the mother of success. A city without cars would be very strange, right? But Venice is such a city. Venice is in the northeast of Italy. It wasn’t built on land, like Beijing or Shanghai, but on more than 110 islands. 1 Even so, travel isn’t difficult. The waterways have always been the best way to get around. There are many waterways and more than 400 bridges that can guide you where you want to go. 2 They like to enjoy the scenery and cool summer nights while taking boat trips. They can talk to other people as they go along. Venice grew out of small islands in saltwater lakes when some people escaped from a war many years ago and built homes there. 3 Once, people used too much underground water. This made the city get lower little by little. 4 Another problem is the rising seawater. The temperature has risen over the years. 5 Every year, the high water hits the city. When a lot of water comes, more than half of the city is underwater. Scientists are trying different ways to stop the city from getting even lower. A．Water makes the city special, but it is also a big problem. B．This has made the ice of the Arctic Ocean melt. C．Seawater is everywhere around the city. D．Now the city has gone down by more than 20 centimetres. E．People in Venice move from place to place by boat. 四、短文填空 语法填空 Online encyclopedias are like endless treasure boxes filled with 1 (know) on the Internet. Wherever you are, as long as you have a computer, tablet, or smartphone, you can open 2 (they) and explore a wide world of information. You can learn about the great leaders 3 history, the latest findings in science, the cultures of different 4 (country), and even the secrets of ancient civilizations. What makes online encyclopedias special is that they can be updated constantly. Unlike 5 (tradition) books, which need a long time to revise and publish new editions, information on online encyclopedias can change every day. For instance, when a new planet 6 (discover) in space or a popular movie is released, details about them 7 (appear) online soon. However, we must use online encyclopedias 8 (careful). Sometimes, people might write wrong information by accident, or some content may not be fully checked. So, if you use the information from online encyclopedias for homework or research, it’s important 9 (check) it with other trusted resources, like school books or government websites.​ All in all, online encyclopedias are 10 (amaze) tools. They help us learn quickly and satisfy our curiosity. With smart use, they will be our best friends on the learning journey. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 Do you know about Confucius? Confucius is 1 (great) teacher in Chinese history. His birthday was on September 28. Although he 2 (live) over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his contribution to the education today. Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had 3 hard childhood. His father died when he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work 4 (help) his mother, but young Confucius didn’t give up 5 (study). He visited many famous teachers and learnt music, history, poetry and sports. Later, he became a teacher and started the 6 (one) public school in Chinese history. At that time, only children from noble (贵族的) families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school 7 they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 8 (student) in his life. Today, people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy to be learnt. “When I am with three people, one of them must be better 9 me in some areas. I choose their good qualities and follow them.” He also taught 10 (we) that thinking is very important in study. “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled. All thinking but no study makes people lazy.” 五、任务型阅读 Here’s another story about Leonardo da Vinci. It was said that Leonardo was a strange man. He didn’t eat any meat, which was very unusual in those times. He never published (发表) his ideas and scientific discoveries. He usually used mirror writing, which looks like writing in a mirror, starting from the right side of the page and moving to the left. We have very little of his work today. Leonardo finished only a few of his paintings. He left many unfinished because he thought they were not perfect. No one in his life time knew how great Leonardo was. We now believe, however, that he was one of the cleverest men that the world has ever known. 1．Did most people in Leonardo’s life time eat meat? 2．How many examples did the writer choose to show Leonardo was a strange man? 3．What does mirror writing look like? 4．What might Leonardo da Vinci think of his paintingMona Lisa? 5．What does the writer think of Leonardo da Vinci? 六、书面表达 1．下面内容是从《百科全书》上摘取的关于中国科学家黄旭华的介绍。请你根据提示，用英语写一篇关于黄旭华的短文 1. 基本信息：中国科学家，1926年生于广东潮汕，2024年逝世。 2. 成长背景：早年对科学和工程学极感兴趣。终生致力于中国核潜艇研究。 3. 主要成就：他在核潜艇(Nuclear Submarines)方面取得成功，使中国国防(national defense)得到有力的加强。 4.荣誉与影响：获得“共和国勋章”(the Medal of the Republic)被称为“中国核潜艇之父”(Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines)。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．假如你们班正在举行英语读书节活动，你准备向同学们介绍百科全书。请你根据以下内容提示，完成你的发言稿。 内容提示： 1. 百科全书是记录人类一切知识的工具书。 2. 东方国家和西方国家都有自己的百科全书。 3. 人们可以在网络上查阅有关百科全书的信息。 4. 补充1-2点你对百科全书的看法。 要求：80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；可适当发挥。 【点拨】 1.人称：第一人称    2.时态：一般现在时 谋篇布局 1. record记录        2. reference book 工具书 3. look up the information 查找信息    4. at once 马上 好词 1. Encyclopaedia is a reference book to record all kinds of knowledge of human beings. 百科全书是一本用来记录属于人类的所有类型知识的工具书。 2. I believe you will be interested in the encyclopaedia if you have a look at it. 我相信假如你看一看百科全书的话，你将会对它感兴趣。 好句 牛刀小试 Dear classmates, I am going to introduce the encyclopaedia to you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Look it up! 单元话题热点题型组合练 一、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项。 Reading is an important way for us to learn new things. Almost every student 1 the habit of reading in daily life. A good book can teach us new knowledge and help us know more about the world. I have a useful book 2 Look It Up. It is a 13-year-old educational book. It is full of strange and interesting facts. It looks very simple but 3 . This book is very helpful. It is ready 4 us with our study. When we meet strange words or unknown knowledge, it always helps us clear up our doubts and cheers us 5 . When we have problems with our reading tasks, we can get useful methods from it. Besides, this book is educational. It keeps 6 us right knowledge and positive ideas. It never provides useless or wrong information. It also has many special columns, 7 as word stories and invention introductions. Reading it makes us knowledgeable and thoughtful. Good reading materials need our attention and study. We should be serious 8 our reading. We should gain knowledge and improve ourselves through reading. 9 we read carefully and think actively, we can get more from books. I am lucky 10 such a good book to learn from. I will keep reading and exploring new knowledge. 1．A．have B．has C．had D．will have 2．A．call B．calls C．called D．calling 3．A．use B．useful C．using D．used 4．A．help B．helping C．to help D．helps 5．A．up B．down C．on D．off 6．A．give B．giving C．to give D．gave 7．A．such B．so C．many D．much 8．A．about B．to C．for D．of 9．A．If B．Though C．But D．So 10．A．have B．having C．to have D．had 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文阐述阅读是学习新知识的重要途径。作者介绍了一本名为《Look It Up》的实用教育书籍，书中包含新奇有趣的知识，能够帮助读者解决学习疑问、提供有效阅读方法，内容权威积极。 1．句意：几乎每个学生都有日常阅读的习惯。 主语“every student”是单数，全文为一般现在时，has意为“拥有”。have用于复数主语，had为一般过去时，will have为一般将来时，时态和主谓一致不匹配。 2．句意：我有一本名叫《Look It Up》的实用书籍。 called是过去分词，a book called…意为“一本名叫……的书”，作后置定语。call、calls、calling均无法构成该定语结构。 3．句意：它看上去十分简约但是用处很大。 but连接并列形容词，useful意为“有用的”，和simple形成转折语义。use是名词/动词，using、used为动词形式，不能直接作表语。 4．句意：它随时准备在学习方面帮助我们。 固定搭配be ready to do sth.意为“准备好做某事”，to help符合语法。help、helping、helps均不满足该固定句型结构。 5．句意：当我们遇到生词或者陌生知识时，它总能帮我们解开疑惑，鼓舞我们。 固定搭配cheer sb. up意为“使某人振奋、鼓舞某人”。down、on、off无法和cheer构成该短语。 6．句意：它不断向我们传递正确的知识与积极的思想。 固定搭配keep doing sth.意为“保持做某事”，giving符合语法。give是动词原形，to give是不定式，gave是过去式，均不能放在enjoy之后。 7．句意：书中还有许多特色栏目，例如词语典故和发明介绍。 固定搭配such as意为“例如”，用于举例。so、many、much无法构成该举例短语。 8．句意：我们应当认真对待阅读。 固定搭配be serious about意为“认真对待……”。to、for、of不能构成该搭配。 9．句意：如果我们仔细阅读、积极思考，就能从书本中学到更多东西。 此处表示条件，If意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。Though“虽然”表让步，But“但是”表转折，So“所以”表结果，逻辑均不符合语境。 10．句意：我很幸运能拥有这样一本值得学习的好书。 固定搭配be lucky to do sth.意为“有幸做某事”，to have符合语法。have动词原形，having动名词，had过去式，均不满足句型要求。 阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) was an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer and scientist. He was extremely intelligent and unusually talented. 1 paintings and inventions changed the way we think about art and science. Da Vinci was born in the countryside in Italy. From 2 early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic talent. As he grew older, he 3 to do many different things. His paintings are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps 4 painting in the world. He also had 5 inventions in his notebooks, including drawings of flying machines and other vehicles. Dinosaurs are a type 6 prehistoric animal. They first appeared around 245 million years ago. The word “dinosaur” comes from Greek words, and it means“terrible lizard”. Dinosaurs lived on land and walked on either two 7 four legs. Many dinosaurs ate plants, but some ate meat. They came in different sizes. Some were as small as chickens, and 8 were as big as ten elephants. Dinosaurs ruled the Earth for more than 180 million years. They suddenly died out about 66 million years ago. Scientists are not 9 sure why. They are learning more about dinosaurs by 10 their fossils. 1．A．He B．Him C．His D．Himself 2．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．A．learn B．learns C．learnt D．will learn 4．A．famous B．more famous C．most famous D．the most famous 5．A．many B．much C．few D．a little 6．A．with B．for C．of D．by 7．A．and B．or C．nor D．but 8．A．others B．other C．another D．the other 9．A．complete B．completely C．completed D．completion 10．A．study B．to study C．studied D．studying 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文介绍了意大利天才达·芬奇的艺术与科学成就，以及恐龙的种类、生活习性和灭绝原因等科普知识。 1．句意：他的绘画和发明改变了我们对艺术和科学的看法。 此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰“paintings and inventions”，用“His”。“He”是主格，“Him”是宾格，“Himself”是反身代词，均不符合。 2．句意：从很小的时候起，他就表现出了极高的智力和艺术天赋。 “from an early age”是固定搭配，意为“从很小的时候起”，用不定冠词“an”。“a”用于辅音音素前，“the”表示特指，零冠词不符合。 3．句意：随着他长大，他学习了许多不同的事物。 描述过去的事情，用一般过去时“learnt”。“learn”是原形，“learns”是一般现在时三单，“will learn”是一般将来时，均不符合。 4．句意：他的画作都很著名，其中《蒙娜丽莎》可能是世界上最著名的画作。 根据“in the world”表示在全世界范围内比较，用最高级，且最高级前加定冠词“the most famous”。“famous”是原级，“more famous”是比较级，“most famous”前缺少“the”，均不符合。 5．句意：他在笔记本中记录了许多发明，包括飞行器和其他机器的图纸。 “inventions”是可数名词复数，用“many”表示“许多”。“much”修饰不可数名词，“few”表示“很少”，“a little”修饰不可数名词，均不符合。 6．句意：恐龙是史前动物的一种。 “a type of”是固定搭配，意为“一种……”，故选of。“with”和……一起，“for”为了，“by”通过，均不符合。 7．句意：恐龙生活在陆地上，用两条或四条腿行走。 “either...or...”是固定搭配，意为“要么……要么……/或者……或者……”，符合语境，故选or。“and”和，“nor”也不 (与neither连用)，“but”但是，均不符合。 8．句意：有些像鸡一样小，而另一些则像十头大象一样大。 “some...others...”是固定结构，意为“有些……另一些……”，故选others。“other”其他的 (后接名词)，“another”另一个 (后接单数)，“the other”两者中的另一个，均不符合。 9．句意：科学家现在还不完全确定原因。 修饰形容词“sure”用副词“completely”。“complete”是形容词或动词，“completed”是过去式或过去分词，“completion”是名词，均不符合。 10．句意：他们通过研究恐龙化石来了解更多。 介词“by”后接动名词“studying”，表示“通过……方式”，故选studying。“study”是原形，“to study”是不定式，“studied”是过去式，均不符合。 二、完形填空 Nie Er was a famous Chinese musician. He was born in 1912 in Yunnan. From an early age, he showed great 1 talent. He loved music and learned to play many instruments. In the 1930s, China was in a difficult time. People were living in great 2 . Nie Er wanted to write songs to 3 the people. He wrote many famous songs, including the national anthem of China. Nie Er’s music was full of hope and courage. He was called “the People’s Musician” because his songs 4 people to fight for a better life. Dinosaurs are a type of prehistoric animal. They first appeared around 245 million years ago. They 5 the Earth for more than 180 million years. Some dinosaurs were plant-eaters, while others were meat-eaters. They came in different 6 — some were small, and some were huge. About 66 million years ago, dinosaurs suddenly 7 out. Scientists believe that a big disaster might have caused this. Today, we can learn about dinosaurs from their 8 . Leonardo da Vinci was a true genius. He was not only a painter but also an inventor and 9 . His paintings, likeMona Lisa, are famous all over the world. His notebooks include many interesting drawings of machines that were not built until hundreds of years later. He 10 the way people think about art and science. 1．A．musical B．painting C．writing D．acting 2．A．happiness B．suffering C．peace D．danger 3．A．encourage B．stop C．hurt D．surprise 4．A．stopped B．encouraged C．made D．kept 5．A．ruled B．left C．built D．changed 6．A．colours B．sizes C．shapes D．kinds 7．A．went B．died C．came D．took 8．A．books B．stories C．fossils D．pictures 9．A．scientist B．doctor C．teacher D．farmer 10．A．stopped B．changed C．kept D．followed 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文分别介绍了音乐家聂耳、史前动物恐龙以及天才达·芬奇的生平事迹、特征及其对后世的影响。 1．句意：他很早就展现了巨大的音乐天赋。 根据前文“musician”，可知此处指音乐天赋。应用musical。painting“绘画”、writing“写作”、acting“表演”均与音乐家身份不符。 2．句意：人们生活在巨大的苦难中。 根据“a difficult time”，可知生活困苦，suffering“痛苦/苦难”符合语境。happiness“幸福”、peace“和平”、danger“危险”均不符语境。 3．句意：聂耳想写歌鼓励人民。 根据后文“hope and courage”，可知目的是鼓舞。应用encourage。stop“阻止”、hurt“伤害”、surprise“使惊讶”均不符语境。 4．句意：他被称为“人民的音乐家”，因为他的歌曲鼓励了人们为更好的生活而奋斗。 根据“hope and courage”及上文逻辑，可知歌曲起到了激励作用。应用encouraged。stopped“停止”、made“使/让”、kept“保持”均不符语境。 5．句意：它们统治地球超过1.8亿年。 根据常识，恐龙曾是地球霸主，此处指统治。ruled“统治/主宰”符合语境。left“离开”、built“建造”、changed“改变”均不符语境。 6．句意：它们有不同的尺寸——有些很小，有些很大。 根据“some were small, and some were huge”，可知指体型大小的差异，应用sizes。colours“颜色”、shapes“形状”、kinds“种类”均不符语境。 7．句意：大约6600万年前，恐龙突然灭绝了。 die out为固定搭配，表示“灭绝”，句子时态为一般过去时，应用died。went“去”、came“来”、took“拿”均不符语义。 8．句意：今天，我们可以从它们的化石中了解恐龙。 科学家通过恐龙化石来研究恐龙，这是常识。应用fossils。books“书籍”、stories“故事”、pictures“图片”均不符语境。 9．句意：他不仅是画家，还是发明家和科学家。 根据后文“science”，可知涉及科学领域。scientist“科学家”符合语境。doctor“医生”、teacher“教师”、farmer“农民”均不符语境。 10．句意：他改变了人们看待艺术和科学的方式。 达·芬奇的创作和研究影响并改变了人们对艺术和科学的认知，应用changed。stopped“停止”、kept“保持”、followed“跟随”均不符语境。 The Earth’s history has been 4.5 billion years. Now it can be found in different periods (时期) of different 1 of fossils, and these fossils can 2 the history of our planet earth-shaking changes. Over 200 million years ago, on Earth there 3 a group of animals: the dinosaurs. They have dominated (支配) the Earth 4 up to 1.8 million years. However, dinosaurs died out 5 . Nobody knows why. And a very long time later, humans 6 and no one has seen a 7 dinosaur up to now. Today, we know everything about them 8 the dinosaur fossils. 9 people found dinosaurs’ bones (骨骼), teeth, egg fossils, and skin marks, footprints, and other cave sites (洞穴遗址), the scientists have discovered the 10 of the dinosaurs. 1．A．types B．sizes C．years D．places 2．A．speak B．tell C．say D．talk 3．A．had B．has C．were D．was 4．A．in B．of C．for D．to 5．A．quietly B．suddenly C．sadly D．finally 6．A．came B．disappeared C．appeared D．happened 7．A．real B．living C．alive D．interesting 8．A．with B．in C．from D．by 9．A．Before B．After C．When D．Since 10．A．secrets B．names C．eggs D．lives 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文主要介绍地球的历史和恐龙的灭绝。 1．句意：现在可以在不同类型的化石中找到不同时期的地球历史。 types类型；sizes尺寸；years年；places地点。根据“Now it can be found in different periods (时期) of different…of fossils,”可知，此处是指在不同时期存在不同类型的化石。故选A。 2．句意：而这些化石可以讲述我们星球翻天覆地的变化的历史。 speak说；tell告诉；say说话；talk谈论。根据“…and these fossils can…the history of our planet earth-shaking changes.”可知，此处是指化石用它们自己来告诉我们地球的巨大变化。故选B。 3．句意：2亿多年前，地球上有一群动物：恐龙。 had有，过去式；has有，三单形式；were是，be动词复数形式的过去式；was是，be动词单数形式的过去式。根据“Over 200 million years ago, on Earth there…a group of animals: the dinosaurs.”可知，此处为there be句型，时态为一般过去时，由空后的不定冠词a可知，用单数形式。故选D。 4．句意：它们统治地球长达1.5亿年。 in在……期间；of……的；for达，计；to到。根据“They have dominated (支配) the Earth…up to 1.5 million years.”可知，此处是指它们统治地球长达1.5亿年，用介词for表示。故选C。 5．句意：然而，恐龙突然灭绝了。 quietly快速地；suddenly突然地；sadly悲哀地；finally最后地。根据“However, dinosaurs died out…Nobody knows why.”可知，此处是指灭绝得很突然，用副词suddenly修饰整个句子。故选B。 6．句意：而很久以后，人类出现了，至今没有人见过活着的恐龙。 came来；disappeared消失；appeared出现；happened发生。根据“And a very long time later, humans…and…”及常识可知，此处是指恐龙灭绝很久后人类出现了。故选C。 7．句意：而很久以后，人类出现了，至今没有人见过活着的恐龙。 real真的；living活的，有生命的；alive存活着的；interesting有趣的。根据“…and no one has seen a…dinosaur up to now.”可知，此处是指没有人见过一只活着的恐龙，用形容词living修饰。故选B。 8．句意：今天，我们通过恐龙化石了解它们的一切。 with和；in在……期间；from来自，表示事物的来源；by经过。根据“Today, we know everything about them…the dinosaur fossils.”可知，此处是指恐龙化石是了解恐龙的来源。故选C。 9．句意：自从人们发现恐龙的骨骼、牙齿、蛋化石、皮肤痕迹、脚印和其他洞穴遗址以来，科学家们已经发现了恐龙的秘密。 Before在……之前；After在……之后；When当……时候；Since自从。根据“…people found dinosaurs’ bones (骨骼), teeth, egg fossils, and skin marks, footprints…”可知，此处是指自从人们发现恐龙后，用连词Since表示。故选D。 10．句意：自从人们发现恐龙的骨骼、牙齿、蛋化石、皮肤痕迹、脚印和其他洞穴遗址以来，科学家们已经发现了恐龙的秘密。 secrets秘密；names名字；eggs蛋；lives生活。根据“…the scientists have discovered the…of the dinosaurs.”可知，此处是指人类从来没有见过恐龙，通过考古终于发现了恐龙的秘密了。故选A。 三、阅读理解 Developing the habit of looking up information is necessary for middle school students. Here are some useful suggestions for you. First, make good use of dictionaries. Dictionaries are the most reliable tools for word learning. When you meet new words, look them up in the dictionary, record their meanings, pronunciations and usages. This helps you master words thoroughly. Second, choose reliable online resources. There are many learning websites and educational videos online. You can look up professional knowledge on formal platforms, but stay away from useless or wrong information. Third, summarize what you have learned. After looking up information, take notes and sort out key knowledge. Regular summary can help you remember knowledge well and use it flexibly. Fourth, keep practicing every day. Good habits are formed by long-term persistence. Keep looking up problems actively, and you will make great progress in your study. In a word, correct methods and persistent practice can help you benefit a lot from active exploration. 1．What is the most reliable tool for word learning? A．Websites. B．Dictionaries. C．Videos. D．Magazines. 2．What does the underlined word “persistence” mean? A．坚持 B．放弃 C．犹豫 D．改变 3．Which of the following is NOT the writer’s suggestion? A．Use dictionaries well. B．Choose reliable online resources. C．Never take study notes. D．Keep daily practice. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．How to Develop Good Study Habits B．How to Look Up Information Properly C．The Importance of Reading D．Useful Ways to Learn English 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文为说明文，向中学生介绍合理查阅资料的几条实用建议，包括善用词典、选择可靠网络资源、及时归纳知识、坚持日常练习。 1．根据文章第二段第二句“Dictionaries are the most reliable tools for word learning.”可知，最可靠的工具是字典。B选项Dictionaries符合语境。 2．根据文章第五段前两句“Fourth, keep practicing every day. Good habits are formed by long-term persistence.”以及后文“Keep looking up problems actively”可知，此处强调长期坚持的重要性，因此“persistence”意为“坚持”。 3．根据文章第四段第二句“After looking up information, take notes and sort out key knowledge.”可知，作者建议做笔记。选项C“Never take study notes”与作者建议相反。 4．文章首段提出“培养查阅信息的习惯是必要的”，随后第二至五段分别从利用字典、选择可靠网络资源、总结所学、坚持练习四个方面给出了具体建议。整篇文章主要围绕如何正确有效地查阅信息展开。B选项How to Look Up Information Properly符合语境。 Ants have the ability to smell out cancerous cells (癌细胞) in humans, which has been found by a study, suggesting that they could be used to find the cancer in the future. Scientists from The French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) found that some ants have a good sense of smell. “But more tests must be carried out before they could be used in hospitals,” the team said. The scientists did tests with 36 ants, smelling cells in the lab. First, they let the ants smell some cancerous human cells. Every time the ants smelt cancerous cells, they were rewarded with sugar solution (糖溶液). In the second step, the ants were put into two different smells. One was a new smell of healthy cells and the other was still the smell of the cancerous cells. Once the ants found the cancerous cells successfully, the researchers made them smell different cancerous cells. As such, the scientists found that ants could tell between cancerous and healthy cells and between two cancerous cells. This isn’t the first time that scientists have used the animals’ sense of smell to find cancerous cells. “Dogs are good at finding something with their noses. However, training dogs to do so needs several months or a year. On the other hand, ants can be easily raised in a short time. They are inexpensive, and hundreds of them can be trained with fewer times,” scientists pointed out. “This study shows that ants are able to learn very quickly. The way can be used for other tasks including finding danger or other illnesses,” scientists added. 1．What can we know from CNRS’s study? A．Ants help humans keep off cancer. B．Dogs are used to find people with cancer. C．Ants are able to smell out cancerous cells. D．Ants work better than dogs to find cancer. 2．Why are the ants better than dogs in the tests? ①They are cheaper.        ②They are easier to be raised. ③They are better at finding things.    ④They can be trained more quickly. ⑤They have a sharper sense of smell. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③⑤ 3．What’s the writing purpose (目的) of the text? A．To introduce ants that will be more useful than we imagine. B．To teach people to protect ants from now on. C．To show ants and dogs are both humans’ friends. D．To explain why ants are more important than dogs. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一项研究发现——蚂蚁能够通过嗅觉识别癌细胞，未来可能用于癌症检测。 1．细节理解题。根据“Ants have the ability to smell out cancerous cells (癌细胞) in humans, which has been found by a study, suggesting that they could be used to find the cancer in the future.”可知，研究发现，蚂蚁具有嗅出人体癌细胞的能力，即蚂蚁能够嗅出癌细胞。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“On the other hand, ants can be easily raised in a short time. They are inexpensive, and hundreds of them can be trained with fewer times,”可知，蚂蚁可以在短时间内轻松饲养，价格低廉，用更少的次数就可以训练出数百只。所以与狗相比，蚂蚁更容易喂养，很便宜且能被更快地训练。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了法国国家科学研究中心的研究人员发现蚂蚁的嗅觉很灵敏。只需通过短时间的训练，蚂蚁就能识别出人体的癌细胞，甚至还能区分不同的癌细胞，未来或可被大量地应用于临床诊断。所以作者的目的是介绍蚂蚁会比想象的更有用。故选A。 How do we know the time? A clock, a watch or a mobile phone can help us. However, many years ago there were no clocks and knowing the time was not so easy. Over the centuries, people have developed different ways of telling the time. About 5,500 years ago, the Egyptians invented the sun clock. This was a tall stone building. Its shadow (影子) showed the movement of the sun. So people were able to know midday. The Egyptians made a sundial about 3,500 years ago. It was smaller than the sun clock and could let people know the time for half a day. On cloudy days or at night it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock or a sundial. Water clocks were the first clocks not to use the sun. The idea is simple. Water flows (流动) from one bottle to another. When the water reaches a certain level, it shows the hours. The Egyptians used water clocks about 3,400 years ago. These clocks were popular in the Middle East and China. But they failed to make people know the exact time. In the 13th century, the mechanical clock was invented. This was more exact, but it was expensive to make one. Over the next few centuries it was developed. For example, spring (发条) were added around 1500. This enabled people to get the correct time and allowed clocks to be smaller. In 1927, the first quartz clock was developed. Clocks became cheaper to build. It’s also cheaper for ordinary people to own a clock. People began depending on them more and more to run business, markets and so on. More recently, in 1956, came the digital clock. And nowadays satellites send our mobile phones the time to the exact second. There has been a lot of progress in timekeeping. Clocks are always changing but some things never change. Many of us still have trouble getting out of bed on time and not being late for school or work. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．According to the passage, we can’t use the ________ to tell the time on a rainy day. A．water clock B．sun clock C．digital clock D．mechanical clock 2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “ordinary” in the third paragraph? A．modern B．special C．rich D．common 3．How many kinds of clocks are mentioned in the passage? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? （①—paragraph 1,  ②—paragraph 2, …） A．B． C． D． 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The importance of time. B．The development of timekeeping. C．The inventions of clocks. D．The history of a digital clock. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类历史上计时工具的发展，从古埃及的太阳钟和水钟，到机械钟、石英钟，再到现代的数字钟和卫星时间同步，强调了时间测量技术的进步以及它对人类生活的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“On cloudy days or at night it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock or a sundial.”可知，在阴天或晚上，不可能用太阳钟或日晷来报时。由于雨天通常也是阴天，因此日晷在雨天也无法使用。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Clocks became cheaper to build. It’s also cheaper for ordinary people to own a clock.”可知，钟表制造变得便宜了，普通人拥有一块钟表也便宜了。因此，“ordinary”在这里的意思是“普通的”。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“About 5,30 years ago, the Egyptians invented the sun clock.”，“ The Egyptians made a sundial about 3,30 years ago.”，“In the 13th century, the mechanical clock was invented. ”，“In 1927, the first quartz clock was developed.”，“More recently, in 1956, came the digital clock. ”可知大约530年前，埃及人发明了太阳钟；埃及人在330年前制造了日晷；水钟是第一个不使用太阳的钟；在13世纪，机械钟被发明；1927年，第一个石英钟被发明；1956年，出现了数字钟。总共六种钟。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。根据文章内容，文章第一段介绍了我们如何知道时间，第二段和第三段介绍了古代人们计时的方法现代计时工具的发展，第四段总结了计时技术的进步和一些不变的事情。因此，文章的结构是①—②③—④。选项A中的结构与此相符。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“There has been a lot of progress in timekeeping. Clocks are always changing but some things never change.”可知，文章主要讲述了计时技术的进步和变化。故选B。 People call Mary’s grandmother a “walking encyclopaedia”. She could probably write an encyclopaedia without the help of anyone else! She is knowledgeable. When she takes part in quizzes, she always wins. She knows the answers to all the questions and always gets them right. “How do you know so many things?” Mary asked. “First, I never forget anything I read or hear. All the knowledge I get from books or TV programmes. It is kept inside my head. I like reading life stories best, so I know a lot about many famous people. Second, I have had a long and interesting life. I have done many different things. When I left school, I became a nurse and learnt a lot about health and medicine. Then I married your grandfather. He was a naturalist (博物学家) and studied plants and animals. His job took us to many different parts of the world, and I learnt about many countries and their wildlife. Then my sons—your father and his two brothers—were born. They grew up and liked all kinds of sports, so I learnt the rules of many sports from them.” 1．Mary’s grandmother is called a “walking encyclopaedia” because ________. A．she often joins in quizzes B．she knows so much C．she never does anything wrong D．she can write an encyclopaedia herself 2．Mary’s grandmother got the knowledge from the following EXCEPT ________. A．books B．TV programmes C．her sons D．famous people 3．There are ________ reasons for grandma’s rich knowledge. A．one B．two C．three D．four 4．Which sentence can best describe the article? A．Never too late to learn. B．Health is better than wealth. C．A good medicine tastes bitter. D．Failure is the mother of success. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了被称为“行走的百科全书”的玛丽的祖母是怎样变得如此知识渊博的。 1．细节理解题。根据“People call Mary’s grandmother a ‘walking encyclopaedia’. She could probably write an encyclopaedia without the help of anyone else! She is knowledgeable.”可知玛丽的祖母被称为“行走的百科全书”，是因为她知道很多知识。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“All the knowledge I get from books or TV programmes”以及“Then my sons—your father and his two brothers—were born. They grew up and liked all kinds of sport, so I learnt the rules of many sports from them”可知玛丽的祖母从书中、电视节目以及自己的儿子身上获得知识，不包括著名的人，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“First, I never forget anything I read or hear...Second...”可知玛丽的祖母知识丰富是有两个原因。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据全文可知，本文主要讲述了被称为“行走的百科全书”的玛丽的祖母是如何变得知识渊博的，所以“活到老，学到老”最适合描述这篇文章，故选A。 A city without cars would be very strange, right? But Venice is such a city. Venice is in the northeast of Italy. It wasn’t built on land, like Beijing or Shanghai, but on more than 110 islands. 1 Even so, travel isn’t difficult. The waterways have always been the best way to get around. There are many waterways and more than 400 bridges that can guide you where you want to go. 2 They like to enjoy the scenery and cool summer nights while taking boat trips. They can talk to other people as they go along. Venice grew out of small islands in saltwater lakes when some people escaped from a war many years ago and built homes there. 3 Once, people used too much underground water. This made the city get lower little by little. 4 Another problem is the rising seawater. The temperature has risen over the years. 5 Every year, the high water hits the city. When a lot of water comes, more than half of the city is underwater. Scientists are trying different ways to stop the city from getting even lower. A．Water makes the city special, but it is also a big problem. B．This has made the ice of the Arctic Ocean melt. C．Seawater is everywhere around the city. D．Now the city has gone down by more than 20 centimetres. E．People in Venice move from place to place by boat. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了威尼斯这座城市的交通方式、历史、以及面临的问题。 1．根据“It wasn’t built on land, like Beijing or Shanghai, but on more than 110 islands.”结合备选选项可知，威尼斯建在110多个岛屿上，由常识可知岛屿周围都是水，因此C项“城市周围到处都是海水。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据“There are many waterways and more than 400 bridges that can guide you where you want to go.”可知，出行需要依靠水路，根据“They like to enjoy the scenery and cool summer nights while taking boat trips.”可知，此处提到了乘船，因此E项“威尼斯人乘船从一个地方移动到另一个地方。”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“Once, people used too much underground water. This made the city get lower little by little.”结合备选选项可知，水给这座城市带来了问题，因此A项“水让这座城市与众不同，但它也是一个大问题。”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“Once, people used too much underground water. This made the city get lower little by little.”结合备选选项可知，此处应与城市下降有关，因此D项“现在，这座城市已经下降了20多厘米。”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据“The temperature has risen over the years.”结合备选选项可知，空前提到了气温上升，因此此处应该是关于气温上升带来的影响，因此B项“这使得北冰洋的冰融化了。”符合语境。故选B。 四、短文填空 语法填空 Online encyclopedias are like endless treasure boxes filled with 1 (know) on the Internet. Wherever you are, as long as you have a computer, tablet, or smartphone, you can open 2 (they) and explore a wide world of information. You can learn about the great leaders 3 history, the latest findings in science, the cultures of different 4 (country), and even the secrets of ancient civilizations. What makes online encyclopedias special is that they can be updated constantly. Unlike 5 (tradition) books, which need a long time to revise and publish new editions, information on online encyclopedias can change every day. For instance, when a new planet 6 (discover) in space or a popular movie is released, details about them 7 (appear) online soon. However, we must use online encyclopedias 8 (careful). Sometimes, people might write wrong information by accident, or some content may not be fully checked. So, if you use the information from online encyclopedias for homework or research, it’s important 9 (check) it with other trusted resources, like school books or government websites.​ All in all, online encyclopedias are 10 (amaze) tools. They help us learn quickly and satisfy our curiosity. With smart use, they will be our best friends on the learning journey. 【答案】 1．knowledge 2．them 3．in 4．countries 5．traditional 6．is discovered 7．will appear 8．carefully 9．to check 10．amazing 【导语】本文介绍了在线百科全书的特点和优势，强调了它们能快速更新信息，但同时提醒用户在使用时需谨慎核实内容的准确性。 1．句意：在线百科全书就像互联网上无尽的装满知识的宝盒。根据“filled with”可知，with是介词，后应接名词；know“知道”，其名词为knowledge“知识”，不可数。故填knowledge。 2．句意：无论你在哪里，只要你有一台电脑、平板电脑或智能手机，你就可以打开它们，探索广阔的信息世界。空前的open是动词，后接人称代词的宾格，they的宾格为them。故填them。 3．句意：你可以了解历史上的伟大领袖，科学上的最新发现，不同国家的文化，甚至是古代文明的秘密。此处指历史上的伟大领袖，in history表示“历史上”。故填in。 4．句意：你可以了解历史上的伟大领袖，科学上的最新发现，不同国家的文化，甚至是古代文明的秘密。根据空前的different可知，空处应是可数名词country的复数形式countries。故填countries。 5．句意：与需要很长时间修改和出版新版本的传统书籍不同，在线百科全书上的信息每天都在变化。修饰名词books应用形容词，tradition的形容词为traditional“传统的”。故填traditional。 6．句意：例如，当在太空中发现一颗新行星或一部受欢迎的电影上映时，有关它们的细节很快就会出现在网上。根据“ a new planet ... in space”可知，新行星是在太空中“被发现”，再根据“is released”可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语“a new planet”为单数，be动词用is。故填is discovered。 7．句意：例如，当在太空中发现一颗新行星或一部受欢迎的电影上映时，有关它们的细节很快就会出现在网上。根据“soon”可知，此处应用一般将来时，结构为will do。故填will appear。 8．句意：然而，我们必须谨慎地使用在线百科全书。修饰动词use，应用careful的副词carefully。故填carefully。 9．句意：所以，如果你使用在线百科全书的信息来做家庭作业或研究，重要的是要与其他可信的资源核对，比如学校书籍或政府网站。it is adj. to do sth.“做某事是……的”，空处应用不定式。故填to check。 10．句意：总而言之，在线百科全书是令人惊奇的工具。根据“online encyclopedias are ... tools.”可知，修饰物应用-ing结尾的形容词，amazing“令人惊奇的”符合语境。故填amazing。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 Do you know about Confucius? Confucius is 1 (great) teacher in Chinese history. His birthday was on September 28. Although he 2 (live) over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his contribution to the education today. Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had 3 hard childhood. His father died when he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work 4 (help) his mother, but young Confucius didn’t give up 5 (study). He visited many famous teachers and learnt music, history, poetry and sports. Later, he became a teacher and started the 6 (one) public school in Chinese history. At that time, only children from noble (贵族的) families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school 7 they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 8 (student) in his life. Today, people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy to be learnt. “When I am with three people, one of them must be better 9 me in some areas. I choose their good qualities and follow them.” He also taught 10 (we) that thinking is very important in study. “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled. All thinking but no study makes people lazy.” 【答案】 1．the greatest 2．lived 3．a 4．to help 5．studying 6．first 7．if 8．students 9．than 10．us 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我国古代伟大的教育家孔子。 1．句意：孔子是中国历史上最伟大的老师。根据空格后比较范围“in Chinese history”可知使用最高级，形容词最高级前用the，great的最高级是greatest。故填the greatest。 2．句意：尽管他生活在2000多年前，但人们仍然记得并尊重他对当今教育的贡献。根据时间状语“over 2,000 years ago”可知此句时态为一般过去时，live“生活，居住”的过去式是lived。故填lived。 3．句意：他有一个艰苦的童年。根据“hard”是辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，have a hard childhood“童年生活很艰苦”，故填a。 4．句意：小时候，他不得不工作来帮助母亲，但年轻的孔子并没有放弃学习。此句谓语是“had to work”，后面再跟动词一般使用动词不定式，此句是动词不定式作目的状语。故填to help。 5．句意：小时候，他不得不工作来帮助母亲，但年轻的孔子并没有放弃学习。give up doing sth.“放弃做某事”，give up“放弃，认输”，及物动词，后面跟动名词作宾语，study“学习”，动名词是studying。故填studying。 6．句意：后来，他成为一名教师，开办了中国历史上第一所公立学校。此空格处表示顺序，应用序数词，one的序数词是first，故填first。 7．句意：当时，只有贵族家庭的孩子才能上学，但孔子认为每个人都应该上学，如果他们想学习。根据“… everyone should go to school…they wanted to learn.”可知，前句是在后句的条件下出现的结果，后句表示条件，应用if引导此条件状语从句。故填if。 8．句意：他一生中有大约3000名学生。根据空格前数词“about 3,000”可知，空格处用名词复数。故填students。 9．句意：当我和三个人在一起时，其中一个人在某些方面一定比我强。根据比较级“better”和空格后比较对象“me”可知用介词than。故填than。 10．句意：他还告诉我们，思考在学习中非常重要。空格处作宾语，应用人称代词宾格，we“我们”，宾格形式是us。故填us。 五、任务型阅读 Here’s another story about Leonardo da Vinci. It was said that Leonardo was a strange man. He didn’t eat any meat, which was very unusual in those times. He never published (发表) his ideas and scientific discoveries. He usually used mirror writing, which looks like writing in a mirror, starting from the right side of the page and moving to the left. We have very little of his work today. Leonardo finished only a few of his paintings. He left many unfinished because he thought they were not perfect. No one in his life time knew how great Leonardo was. We now believe, however, that he was one of the cleverest men that the world has ever known. 1．Did most people in Leonardo’s life time eat meat? 2．How many examples did the writer choose to show Leonardo was a strange man? 3．What does mirror writing look like? 4．What might Leonardo da Vinci think of his paintingMona Lisa? 5．What does the writer think of Leonardo da Vinci? 【答案】1．Yes./Yes, they did. 2．Three. 3．It looks like writing in a mirror, starting from the right side of the page and moving to the left. 4．Perfect./He thought it was perfect. 5．He was one of the cleverest men that the world has ever known./One of the cleverest men. 【导语】本文主要讲述了关于达·芬奇当时的一些习惯。 1．根据“He didn’t eat any meat, which was very unusual in those times.”可知，在达·芬奇的时代，大多数人是吃肉的。故填Yes./Yes, they did. 2．根据“He didn’t eat any meat, which was very unusual in those times. He never published (发表) his ideas and scientific discoveries. He usually used mirror writing...”可知，作者用了三个例子来说明达·芬奇是一个奇怪的人。故填Three. 3．根据“He usually used mirror writing, which looks like writing in a mirror, starting from the right side of the page and moving to the left.”可知，镜像写作看起来像是写一面镜子，从页面的右侧开始，向左移动。故填It looks like writing in a mirror, starting from the right side of the page and moving to the left. 4．根据“He left many unfinished because he thought they were not perfect.”可知，达·芬奇未发表的作品都是他认为不完美的，所以他认为他的画《蒙娜丽莎》是完美的。故填Perfect./He thought it was perfect. 5．根据“We now believe, however, that he was one of the cleverest men that the world has ever known.”可知，作者认为达·芬奇是世界上最聪明的人之一。故填He was one of the cleverest men that the world has ever known./ One of the cleverest men. 六、书面表达 1．下面内容是从《百科全书》上摘取的关于中国科学家黄旭华的介绍。请你根据提示，用英语写一篇关于黄旭华的短文 1. 基本信息：中国科学家，1926年生于广东潮汕，2024年逝世。 2. 成长背景：早年对科学和工程学极感兴趣。终生致力于中国核潜艇研究。 3. 主要成就：他在核潜艇(Nuclear Submarines)方面取得成功，使中国国防(national defense)得到有力的加强。 4.荣誉与影响：获得“共和国勋章”(the Medal of the Republic)被称为“中国核潜艇之父”(Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines)。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】【参考范文】 Huang Xuhua (1926-2024), a well-known Chinese scientist, was born in Guangdong Province. From an early age, he showed great interest in science and engineering, and he was unusually talented in solving difficult problems. He devoted his life to developing China’s first nuclear submarines. Building submarines was extremely challenging work, and he faced many problems. However, he never gave up. His efforts and knowledge played an important role in the success of China’s nuclear submarine project. Thanks to his work, China now has powerful submarines that can protect the country well, and his work has made great contributions to China’s national defense. Huang won many awards for his outstanding achievements. In 2019, he received the Medal of the Republic, one of China’s highest honours. People call him the Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines. [总体分析] ①题材：本文为一篇说明文，为材料作文； ②时态：“一般过去时”； ③提示：覆盖所有要点，结构清晰，语言简练准确。 [写作步骤] 第一步，对文章的主人公进行简单介绍。介绍基本信息和成长背景； 第二步，具体阐述其主要成就与贡献以及产生的影响； 第三步，详细介绍获得的荣誉。 [亮点词汇] ①well-known知名的 ②from an early age从年轻时开始 ③thanks to由于 [高分句型] Thanks to his work, China now has powerful submarines that can protect the country well, and his work has made great contributions to China’s national defense.（定语从句） 2．假如你们班正在举行英语读书节活动，你准备向同学们介绍百科全书。请你根据以下内容提示，完成你的发言稿。 内容提示： 1. 百科全书是记录人类一切知识的工具书。 2. 东方国家和西方国家都有自己的百科全书。 3. 人们可以在网络上查阅有关百科全书的信息。 4. 补充1-2点你对百科全书的看法。 要求：80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；可适当发挥。 【点拨】 1.人称：第一人称    2.时态：一般现在时 谋篇布局 1. record记录        2. reference book 工具书 3. look up the information 查找信息    4. at once 马上 好词 1. Encyclopaedia is a reference book to record all kinds of knowledge of human beings. 百科全书是一本用来记录属于人类的所有类型知识的工具书。 2. I believe you will be interested in the encyclopaedia if you have a look at it. 我相信假如你看一看百科全书的话，你将会对它感兴趣。 好句 牛刀小试 Dear classmates, I am going to introduce the encyclopaedia to you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Dear classmates, I am going to introduce the encyclopaedia to you. Encyclopaedia is a reference book to record all kinds of knowledge of human beings. Both western countries and eastern countries have their own encyclopaedias. People can look up the information about encyclopaedia on the Internet, and it is very convenient. I think encyclopaedia is very useful and helpful. People can know a lot of knowledge from it. If there is something I am not sure, I will look it up in the encyclopaedia at once. I believe you will be interested in the encyclopaedia if you have a look at it. That’s all. Thank you! Yours, Li Hua [总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇演讲稿； ②时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意书写工整、逻辑通顺，并突出重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。介绍百科全书； 第二步，阐述自己对百科全书的看法； 第三步，书写结语。表达感谢。 [亮点词汇] ①all kinds of 各种各样的 ②both…and…两者都 ③look up查找 ④at once立刻 ⑤be interested in感兴趣 [高分句型] ①I think encyclopaedia is very useful and helpful.（省略that的宾语从句） ②If there is something I am not sure, I will look it up in the encyclopaedia at once.（if引导的条件状语从句） 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $