Unit 1 Water 单元题型练（语法选择+阅读+完形+补全对话+写作）-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册（沪教版（五四学制））

**基本信息** 以“水”为主题整合语法、阅读、写作等模块，构建“语言知识-语篇应用-综合表达”的递进式训练体系，提升语言能力与环保意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法选择|2篇语篇（水资源保护/鲨鱼保护）|考查词性、时态、连词等基础语法|依托“水保护”情境，将语法知识融入语篇理解，强化语境应用| |完形填空|2篇（水的重要性/水循环作用）|聚焦上下文逻辑与词汇辨析|从“水的价值”到“水循环生态作用”，深化主题认知与语篇衔接能力| |阅读理解|3篇（亚马逊雨林/水污染/水足迹）|含细节题、词义猜测、主旨题|覆盖水危机、污染现状、资源利用，培养信息提取与批判性思维| |书面表达|2题（节约用水重要性/日常节水方法）|应用文写作，结合建议与倡议|从“为何节水”到“如何节水”，实现知识向表达能力的转化，渗透环保责任意识|

Unit 1 Water 单元话题热点题型组合练 一、语法选择 The Importance of Protecting Water Resources Water is essential to all living things, and we should raise 1 of water protection. In our daily life, clean drinking water doesn’t come easily— it goes 2 a complex water cycle first. First, rainwater and groundwater are collected in reservoirs (蓄水池). These water sources 3 up in special areas to avoid pollution. Then, the water is sent to water 4 plants, where it is 5 managed by workers. They use professional technology to filter (过滤) impurities 6 kill harmful bacteria to make sure the water is safe for us to use. 7 treatment, the water is delivered to our homes, and we can enjoy clean drinking water every day. It’s important to keep the water 8 use clean. We should not 9 waste water or garbage into rivers. Only in this way can we have a continuous supply of clean water. When we turn on the tap and see clear water flowing out, it’s really a 10 feeling. Let’s all take action to protect water resources together! 1．A．aware B．unaware C．awareness 2．A．into B．through C．across 3．A．are locked B．are locking C．lock 4．A．treat B．treating C．treatment 5．A．safe B．safely C．safety 6．A．but B．or C．and 7．A．After B．Before C．When 8．A．us B．we C．our 9．A．pour B．put C．throw 10．A．satisfied B．satisfy C．satisfying When Sean was just 3 years old, he began to have an interest in sharks. One day when he was watching TV, he learned that people killed sharks to get 1 fins (鱼鳍) to make soup! About 2 than 100 million sharks died around the world each year. He 3 believe the fact and was worried about the sharks. As Sean grew older, he wanted to do 4 to protect sharks. And he decided to stay in his hometown 5 there was not a law (法律) to protect sharks there! Sean 6 a letter to his state representative (州众议员), David Nangle. In 7 letter, he asked him to make a law about shark protection. A few tries later, in June, 2025, his dream came true! Since then, Sean has worked on helping sharks. Now he is also 8 in helping to protect Sea Turtles in his home state. 9 does Sean want to be when he grows up? A shark biologist (生物学家) of course! Sean’s actions show how young people can 10 a big difference. One of his suggestions for young people is “if you feel strong about something, you should try your best to make it possible”. 1．A．them B．they C．their 2．A．much B．more C．many 3．A．can’t B．could C．couldn’t 4．A．something B．nothing C．everything 5．A．because B．so C．but 6．A．writes B．wrote C．has written 7．A．a B．/ C．the 8．A．interesting B．interested C．interest 9．A．What B．How C．Why 10．A．make B．making C．to make 二、完形填空 Water is the source of life. Without water, nothing can live. But today, many people do not realize how 1 water is. They waste it every day. In many cities, people use too much water. They keep the tap 2 when they brush their teeth or wash their faces. They take long showers. They water their gardens even when it rains. Farmers also use a lot of water. They need water to grow crops. But sometimes they use too much water, and the soil becomes 3 . Factories use water too. Some factories pour dirty water into rivers and lakes. This 4 the water and kills the fish and plants. We must do something to save water. First, we should 5 the amount of water we use at home. Second, we should stop factories from polluting water. Third, we should tell others about the importance of saving water. If every person saves a little water every day, together we can make a big 6 . Remember, water is precious. Let’s save it for our future. 1．A．important B．interesting C．difficult D．different 2．A．open B．closed C．running D．stopped 3．A．wet B．dry C．rich D．poor 4．A．cleans B．pollutes C．drinks D．boils 5．A．reduce B．increase C．forget D．remember 6．A．mistake B．mess C．decision D．difference The Role of the Water Cycle in the Ecosystem (生态系统) The water cycle is a key part of Earth’s ecosystem. It keeps water moving between the sky, land and oceans, which is necessary for all living things— 1 plants, animals and humans. First, it provides fresh water. When water evaporates from oceans and lakes, it forms clouds. Later, it falls to the ground as rain or snow. A 2 thing is that this process not only fills rivers and lakes but also helps plants grow better. If there were no such process, the 3 would be that many living things would lose their water source. Second, it helps control the climate. Evaporation takes heat from the Earth, making places cooler. When it rains, heat is released, which changes the weather of different areas. Third, it supports ecosystems. As water flows through rivers, it carries nutrients to soil, helping plants grow. These plants then give animals food and homes to live in. What’s more, the clean water from the water cycle can also prevent some harmful 4 from spreading easily. Finally, it cleans water naturally. When water seeps into the ground, soil filters out dirt. This makes groundwater clean and safe for us to drink. We must protect the water cycle. Pollution can 5 it, harming nature and humans. By saving water and reducing pollution, we keep the water cycle steady. Besides, the water cycle also affects our daily life in many ways. For example, it provides water for farming. Without it, crops would not grow well, and that would 6 food shortages. Choose the best answer for each blank. 1．A．except B．including C．without D．about 2．A．dangerous B．boring C．surprising D．hard 3．A．result B．reason C．question D．answer 4．A．flowers B．viruses C．plants D．animals 5．A．ruin B．improve C．help D．protect 6．A．look for B．take away C．put on D．lead to 三、阅读理解 The Amazon rainforest is the world’s biggest. It is in South America. It is so wide that it covers a little more than half the size of China! The Amazon River runs through the rainforest. It’s the world’s second longest river. The Amazon covers much of Brazil. The green colour on the national flag (国旗) of Brazil stands for the rainforest. However, climate change and human activities make it “sick”. Usually, the rainforest can fix itself. But now, it feels too “tired” to get better. According to a new study, many trees there may die, and the Amazon rainforest may turn into hot, dry grasslands in a few years. Why is the Amazon rainforest “sick”? The Amazon is one of the world’s wettest places. But since 2005, three droughts have hit the rainforest. That was because of climate change. The trees don’t have enough water to grow. What’s worse, as they become dry, they can easily catch fire. Besides, people cut down rainforest trees for wood. They burn the forest to make farmland. All these kinds of activities made about 17% of the rainforest disappear. ________ The Amazon rainforest is like the “lungs” of our planet. The rich plants there take carbon dioxide (CO₂) out of the air and make oxygen. They make more than 20% of the planet’s oxygen. If the Amazon rainforest “dies”, there will be more CO₂ and our earth will become even hotter. The Amazon rainforest is also home to over 3 million animals and plants. Many of them can’t live anywhere else. They would very likely just disappear. 1．According to the passage, what is NOT the reason that makes the Amazon rainforest “sick”? A．There are many forest fires. B．Climate change. C．People cut down trees. D．Too many animals and plants live there. 2．What will happen if the Amazon rainforest dies? A．People will lose their lungs. B．Many animals and plants will die. C．We will feel colder. D．There will be more oxygen. 3．The underlined word “droughts” means “________” in Paragraph 3. A．too little rain B．too cold weather C．too much rain D．too much fire 4．Which of the following statements about the Amazon rainforest is TRUE? A．It is twice the size of China. B．It is in North America. C．It makes more than 20% of the planet’s oxygen. D．More than 3 million kinds of plants live there. 5．Choose the best sentence to fill in the “________” in the passage. A．Where is the Amazon rainforest? B．Who lives in the Amazon rainforest? C．How can we protect the Amazon rainforest? D．What will happen if we lose the the Amazon rainforest? Water pollution is speeding up around the world. We use over 75,000 water-polluting chemicals and make about 1,000 new ones each year. When it rains, water runs over the ground and carries soil, dirt and other harmful stuff to the rivers and lakes. So, anything harmful that we use may finally go into our drinking water. Pollution of drinking water is a problem for half of the world’s population. Among the 250 million people who get sick because of water pollution, 5 to 10 million of them die. In the USA 40% of its rivers and 46% of its lakes are too polluted for fishing or swimming. Each year 1.2 trillion (万亿) gallons of sewage and waste from factories are poured into American rivers and lakes. Asian rivers are the most polluted in the world. They have 20 times more lead (铅) than rivers in developed countries. In 2004, several of China’s major rivers were tested and half of them weren’t suitable for drinking. In Europe, rivers and lakes used for swimming and water sports were also tested between 2004 and 2005. 10% of them were too polluted to be used. Water pollution is not only harmful to people but also to animals. As it is getting more and more serious, nobody on the Earth should still relax and do nothing about it. 1．People use over ________ water-polluting chemicals and make about 1,000 new ones each year. A．750 B．7,500 C．75,000 D．750,000 2．The underlined word “stuff” in the first paragraph probably means “________” in Chinese. A．职员 B．气体 C．暴风雨 D．东西 3．Pollution of ________ made 250 million people get sick and 5 to 10 million of them die. A．drinking water B．land C．noise D．air 4．________ rivers are the most polluted in the world. A．American B．Asian C．African D．European 5．Which of the following sentences is TRUE? A．In the USA over half of its lakes are too polluted for fishing or swimming. B．Asian rivers have 20 times more lead than rivers in developed countries. C．15% of European rivers were too polluted to be used. D．Pollution of drinking water is a problem for all of the world’s population. 6．Which is the best topic sentence for the passage? A．Water is limited (有限的). B．Rivers and lakes in Asia are seriously polluted. C．Water pollution is getting more and more serious. D．There are ways to prevent people polluting water. A water footprint is the total amount of water used to make the things we use every day. This includes the water for growing food, producing clothes and generating (产生) electricity. Everything we use “drinks” some water before it reaches us. It’s important to understand our water footprint because water is a very precious resource—one we must use wisely. There are three main types of water footprints: green, blue, and grey. The green water footprint refers to the rainwater used to grow crops. For example, wheat and rice depend on rainwater to grow. The blue water footprint is the fresh water taken from rivers, lakes or underground sources for production. This includes the water used in factories or to irrigate (灌溉) crops. The grey water footprint is the water needed to clean up pollution. When factories release waste, it often takes a lot of water to clean up the mess. To see how much water we actually use, let’s look at some examples. Producing just one kilogram of beef takes about 15,000 liters of water. This water is used to grow food for the cows and to keep them healthy. By comparison, producing one kilogram of rice requires about 2,500 liters of water. This shows that different foods and products need different amounts of water. We can reduce our water footprint by saving water in our daily lives. Simple actions like turning off the tap while brushing your teeth, using less water when washing dishes and fixing leaks can all go a long way. Eating less meat can also help because producing meat uses a lot of water. Another smart move is to choose products that use less water to make. By understanding our water footprint and making thoughtful choices, we can help protect this important resource for the future. 1．By writing this article, the author mainly wanted to ________. A．show people how to reduce water pollution B．discuss the importance of saving water in daily life C．explain the idea of water footprint and how to reduce it D．compare the amount of water used in different products 2．The “grey water footprint” is the water used for ________. A．growing crops B．drinking and cooking C．cleaning up pollution D．washing clothes at home 3．How much water is needed to produce one kilogram of beef? A．2,500 liters. B．15,000 liters. C．5,000 liters. D．1,000 liters. 4．The examples of beef and rice are given to show that ________. A．people should stop eating beef B．beef is more delicious than rice C．farming cows is easier than growing rice D．different products need different amounts of water 5．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to reduce our water footprint? A．Fixing leaks. B．Eating less meat. C．Taking shorter showers. D．Turning off the tap while brushing teeth. 四、补全对话 Situation: Mr. Green, a community worker, is talking to Lily about water protection. Lily: Mr. Green, our school teaches us to turn off the tap tightly after washing hands. 1 ? (根据回应，写出一句一般疑问句) Mr. Green: Yes, it is a good habit. If we forget to do that, we’ll waste much clean water. Lily: Besides, I feel quite sad and angry to see factory waste pollutes many rivers. 2 ? (请根据划线部分提问) Mr. Green: In fact, the government asks people to clean those rivers once a year. Lily: But it requires much time and money to do so. Are there any better solutions? Mr. Green: 3 . (请回答上句的一般疑问句). We have already used water filters in the community to make the water quality better. Lily: You’ve done a great job to 4 . (请保持上句划线部分的句意基本不变) 五、选词填空 A．discussed    B．familiar    C． rarely   D．unlikely   E. teamwork No great invention comes into being by chance. Curiosity drives many young inventors. A group of middle school students, curious about how to reduce water waste at school, came up with a great idea. Problems that students are 1 with like dripping taps during hand-washing inspired their invention. With good 2 , they turned this idea into a practical device: a sensor-controlled faucet (水龙头) that shuts off automatically. Each member did their part—some researched water-saving tech, others designed the device, and others tested it. We 3 hear about successful inventors working alone, and this group is no exception. They 4 , adjusted, and helped each other through difficulties. Their invention cut the school’s water use by 30%. From the story, we can learn that it is 5 to create a really useful invention through individual effort. 将下列单词或短语前的字母填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次 A) sources    B) the rest   C) used   D) realizing   E) covered   F) less Have you ever wanted to know how water droplets (小水滴) travel in nature? Water from oceans, lakes and rivers takes in heat from the sun and evaporates into the air. When the air gets cold enough, these water vapors form tiny clouds. Soon, the sky is 1 with thick clouds, which are made of lots of small water droplets. What if these droplets become too heavy? They fall as rain! Some rain flows into rivers, and 2 soaks into the ground. Plants absorb a little of this water through their roots. People used to think water was endless, but now we know we need to save it. As the climate changes, some places get 3 rain than before. When water is used, we must clean it safely before returning it to nature. Sometimes, we waste water without 4 —like leaving the tap running even a second too long. Leaving waste water unprotected, we allow pollution to harm it. Over time, clean-water 5 may get smaller. We should take action now, until everyone can enjoy clean water every day. Remember, every drop of water is something precious. 六、任务型阅读 Emma still remembered the river of her childhood—crystal clear, brimming with fish, and shaded by willow trees whose branches kissed the water. She and her friends swam in it during summers, their laughter echoing across the fields. But now, when Emma returned to the village, she was shocked. As she stood on the same riverbank, she saw a different scene: the water was dirty, littered with plastic bottles and floating rubbish, and the willows had dried. A sign read: No Swimming. Dangerous Water. Her heart sank. She recalled her grandfather’s stories about how this river had nurtured (养育) their village for generations. Today, it smelled of decay (腐烂). Later, in school, her teacher explained how industrial waste and plastic pollution had polluted the river. “Water is life,” the teacher said, “but we’ve taken it for granted.” That afternoon, Emma decided to take action. She started a “Save Our River” campaign at school, organizing clean-up drives and writing to local officials. Slowly, others joined—students, teachers, even farmers. They removed trash, planted new trees, and monitored water quality. Months later, though the river wasn’t fully healed, Emma saw hopeful signs: dragonflies returning, water clearing, and children watching from the bank with curiosity. She knew it was just a start. One year later, Emma visited the river again. Task One: Answer the questions 1．Emma didn’t swim in the river during summers in her childhood, did she?   2．What did Emma see on the riverbank when she returned? 3．Why was the river polluted? 4．Why did Emma’s heart sink? 5．What did Emma and other people do to heal the river? Task Two: 6．Describe what happened when Emma visited the river one year later. What changes did she see? What challenges remained? (请给文章加一个合理的结尾，30个单词左右。) Read the passage and complete the tasks. (根据短文内容完成任务。) A new fleet of ocean-cleaning drones is being tested to remove plastic waste from the sea. These autonomous (自动的) devices use AI to detect and collect floating debris (碎片), helping to reduce the millions of tons of plastic polluting the oceans. The drones operate day and night, covering large areas more efficiently than human-led clean-up efforts. Traditional clean-up methods involve ships and nets, which are slow, expensive, and often harm marine life. The drones, however, are designed to avoid wildlife while targeting only plastic waste. Early trials show they can collect up to 100 kilograms of debris per day, making them a promising solution for large-scale ocean clean-up. One challenge is that strong ocean currents can push debris out of reach, making it harder for the drones to operate effectively. Dr. Hannah Lee, the project coordinator, says her team is improving the drones’ navigation systems to handle rough sea conditions. They are also developing ways to recycle the collected plastic into usable materials. If successful, these drones could play a key role in restoring marine ecosystems and protecting sea life. This technology offers hope for a cleaner, healthier ocean in the future. Task 1 Answer the questions 1．How do the drones identify plastic waste in the ocean? 2．Why are drones better than traditional clean-up methods? 3．How much debris can each drone collect daily? 4．What problem do strong ocean currents cause for the drones? 5．What aspect of the drones is Dr. Lee’s team improving?        Task 2 6．Explain how ocean-cleaning drones help marine life. (不超过30个词) 七、书面表达 1．Write at least 60 words on the topic “The importance of saving water”. (以“节约用水的重要性”为题写一篇不少于60词的短文。) Suggested questions: 1. Why is it important to save water? 2. What problems are caused by water shortage? 3. What can we do to save water at school and at home? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．假如你班将举办主题为“How to Save Water in Our Daily Life?”的课前演讲，请你根据以下提示用英语写一篇演讲稿。 写作要求： (1)简单谈谈水的用途和重要性； (2)你对节约用水有什么好的建议； (3)发出倡议。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Water 单元话题热点题型组合练 一、语法选择 The Importance of Protecting Water Resources Water is essential to all living things, and we should raise 1 of water protection. In our daily life, clean drinking water doesn’t come easily— it goes 2 a complex water cycle first. First, rainwater and groundwater are collected in reservoirs (蓄水池). These water sources 3 up in special areas to avoid pollution. Then, the water is sent to water 4 plants, where it is 5 managed by workers. They use professional technology to filter (过滤) impurities 6 kill harmful bacteria to make sure the water is safe for us to use. 7 treatment, the water is delivered to our homes, and we can enjoy clean drinking water every day. It’s important to keep the water 8 use clean. We should not 9 waste water or garbage into rivers. Only in this way can we have a continuous supply of clean water. When we turn on the tap and see clear water flowing out, it’s really a 10 feeling. Let’s all take action to protect water resources together! 1．A．aware B．unaware C．awareness 2．A．into B．through C．across 3．A．are locked B．are locking C．lock 4．A．treat B．treating C．treatment 5．A．safe B．safely C．safety 6．A．but B．or C．and 7．A．After B．Before C．When 8．A．us B．we C．our 9．A．pour B．put C．throw 10．A．satisfied B．satisfy C．satisfying 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了保护水资源的重要性，介绍了饮用水的处理流程，并呼吁大家采取行动保护水资源。 1．句意：水对所有生物都是必不可少的，我们应该提高水资源保护意识。 aware意识到的（形容词）；unaware未意识到的（形容词）；awareness意识（名词）。“raise awareness of...”是固定短语，意为“提高……的意识”，此处需用名词“awareness”。故选C。 2．句意：在日常生活中，干净的饮用水来之不易——它首先要经过复杂的水循环。 into进入；through通过（强调从内部穿过）；across穿过（强调从表面穿过）。“go through”是固定短语，意为 “经历；经过”，符合“水循环过程 的语境。故选B。 3．句意：这些水源被封锁在特殊区域以避免污染。 are locked被锁（一般现在时的被动语态）；are locking正在锁（现在进行时）；lock锁（动词原形）。主语“These water sources”与“lock”是被动关系，需用被动语态“are locked”。故选A。 4．句意：然后，水被送往水处理厂。 treat处理（动词）；treating处理（动名词 / 现在分词）；treatment处理（名词）。“water treatment plants”是固定短语，意为“水处理厂”，此处需用名词“treatment”。故选C。 5．句意：在那里，工人对它进行安全管理。 safe安全的（形容词）；safely安全地（副词）；safety安全（名词）。“safely”是副词，修饰动词“managed”，表示“安全地管理”。故选B。 6．句意：他们使用专业技术过滤杂质并杀死有害细菌，以确保水对我们来说是安全的。 but但是（表转折）；or或者（表选择）；and和（表并列）。“filter impurities”和“kill harmful bacteria”是并列动作，需用“and”连接。故选C。 7．句意：经过处理后，水被输送到我们家中，我们每天都可以享用干净的饮用水。 After在……之后；Before在……之前；When当……时。根据逻辑，水是“经过处理后”才输送到家中，“After”符合语境。故选A。 8．句意：保持我们使用干净的水是很重要的。 us我们（宾格）；we我们（主格）；our我们的（形容词性物主代词）。“we”作“use”的主语，表示“我们使用”。故选B。 9．句意：我们不应该把废水或垃圾倒入河流。 pour倒，倾倒；put放；throw扔。“pour...into...”是固定短语，意为“把……倒入……”。故选A。 10．句意：当我们打开水龙头，看到清澈的水流出时，这真是一种令人满意的感觉。 satisfied满意的（修饰人）；satisfy使满意（动词）；satisfying令人满意的（修饰物）。“satisfying”修饰物 “feeling”，表示“令人满意的感觉”。故选C。 When Sean was just 3 years old, he began to have an interest in sharks. One day when he was watching TV, he learned that people killed sharks to get 1 fins (鱼鳍) to make soup! About 2 than 100 million sharks died around the world each year. He 3 believe the fact and was worried about the sharks. As Sean grew older, he wanted to do 4 to protect sharks. And he decided to stay in his hometown 5 there was not a law (法律) to protect sharks there! Sean 6 a letter to his state representative (州众议员), David Nangle. In 7 letter, he asked him to make a law about shark protection. A few tries later, in June, 2025, his dream came true! Since then, Sean has worked on helping sharks. Now he is also 8 in helping to protect Sea Turtles in his home state. 9 does Sean want to be when he grows up? A shark biologist (生物学家) of course! Sean’s actions show how young people can 10 a big difference. One of his suggestions for young people is “if you feel strong about something, you should try your best to make it possible”. 1．A．them B．they C．their 2．A．much B．more C．many 3．A．can’t B．could C．couldn’t 4．A．something B．nothing C．everything 5．A．because B．so C．but 6．A．writes B．wrote C．has written 7．A．a B．/ C．the 8．A．interesting B．interested C．interest 9．A．What B．How C．Why 10．A．make B．making C．to make 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文讲述Sean从小关注鲨鱼保护，通过努力推动立法，并投身海洋生物保护的故事。 1．句意：有一天，当他在看电视时，他了解到人们为了获取鱼鳍来做汤而捕杀鲨鱼。 them它们，人称代词宾格；they它们，人称代词主格；their它们的，形容词性物主代词。空处修饰名词fins，用形容词性物主代词。故选C。 2．句意：全球每年约有超过1亿条鲨鱼死亡。 much很多，修饰不可数名词；more更多；many很多，修饰可数名词复数。more than“超过”。故选B。 3．句意：他无法相信这个事实，并对鲨鱼感到担忧。 can’t不能，用于一般现在时；could能，用于一般过去时；couldn’t不能，用于一般过去时。根据“and was worried about the sharks.”可知，时态是一般过去时，且表示不能相信这一事实，用couldn’t。故选C。 4．句意：随着Sean长大，他想做一些事情来保护鲨鱼。 something某事；nothing没有什么；everything一切。根据“to protect sharks”可知，是想做些事来保护鲨鱼，用something。故选A。 5．句意：所以他决定留在家乡，因为那里没有法律来保护鲨鱼！ because因为；so所以；but但是。空后句是前句的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。 6．句意：Sean写了一封信给他的州众议员，David Nangle。 writes写，动词第三人称单数；wrote动词过去式；has written现在完成时。根据“he asked him to make a law about shark protection.”可知，此处是描述过去的事情，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故选B。 7．句意：在信中，他请求他制定一项关于鲨鱼保护的法律。 a一个，表泛指；/零冠词；the表特指。此处特指前文提及的那封信，用定冠词the。故选C。 8．句意：如今，他也对帮助保护家乡的海龟产生了兴趣。 interesting有趣的；interested感兴趣的；interest兴趣。be interested in“对……感兴趣”。故选B。 9．句意：Sean长大后想成为什么？ What什么；How如何；Why为什么。根据“... does Sean want to be”可知，是问想成为什么，询问职业，用What提问。故选A。 10．句意：Sean的行为展示了年轻人如何能够产生重大影响。 make制作，动词原形；making动名词或现在分词；to make动词不定式。can是情态动词，后跟动词原形。故选A。 二、完形填空 Water is the source of life. Without water, nothing can live. But today, many people do not realize how 1 water is. They waste it every day. In many cities, people use too much water. They keep the tap 2 when they brush their teeth or wash their faces. They take long showers. They water their gardens even when it rains. Farmers also use a lot of water. They need water to grow crops. But sometimes they use too much water, and the soil becomes 3 . Factories use water too. Some factories pour dirty water into rivers and lakes. This 4 the water and kills the fish and plants. We must do something to save water. First, we should 5 the amount of water we use at home. Second, we should stop factories from polluting water. Third, we should tell others about the importance of saving water. If every person saves a little water every day, together we can make a big 6 . Remember, water is precious. Let’s save it for our future. 1．A．important B．interesting C．difficult D．different 2．A．open B．closed C．running D．stopped 3．A．wet B．dry C．rich D．poor 4．A．cleans B．pollutes C．drinks D．boils 5．A．reduce B．increase C．forget D．remember 6．A．mistake B．mess C．decision D．difference 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．D 【导语】本文阐述水的重要性及浪费、污染现状，分析城市、农业和工厂用水问题，呼吁大家节约用水，保护水资源，为未来着想。 1．句意：但是今天，许多人没有意识到水是多么“重要”。 根据上文“Water is the source of life.”可知，水是生命之源，说明水很重要。important“重要的”符合语境。interesting“有趣的”，difficult“困难的”，different“不同的”，均不符合语境。 2．句意：他们刷牙或洗脸时让水龙头一直“开着”。 根据上文“people use too much water”及下文“when they brush their teeth”可知，描述的是浪费水的行为，让水龙头一直流水符合浪费的语境。running“流动的/开着的”符合语境。open“开着的”不用于描述水龙头流水；closed“关闭的”，stopped“停止的”，均与浪费水的语境相反。 3．句意：但有时他们用了太多的水，土壤变得“干燥”。 根据上文“they use too much water”可知，过度用水会导致土壤缺水，从而变得干燥。dry“干燥的”符合语境。wet“潮湿的”，rich“富饶的”，poor“贫瘠的”，均不符合“缺水变干”的语义。 4．句意：这“污染”了水，杀死了鱼和植物。 根据上文“Some factories pour dirty water into rivers and lakes”可知，工厂把脏水倒入河流湖泊，这种行为会污染水体。pollutes“污染”符合语境。cleans“清洁”，drinks“喝”，boils“煮沸”，均与“倒入脏水”导致的结果不符。 5．句意：首先，我们应该“减少”我们在家的用水量。 根据上文“We must do something to save water”可知，节约用水需要减少用水量。reduce“减少”符合语境。increase“增加”，forget“忘记”，remember“记住”，均不符合节约用水的目标。 6．句意：如果每个人每天节省一点水，我们共同努力就能产生巨大的“影响”。 根据上文“every person saves a little water every day”可知，积少成多会产生影响。difference“影响/差异”符合语境。mistake“错误”，mess“混乱”，decision“决定”，均不符合固定搭配和语境语义。 The Role of the Water Cycle in the Ecosystem (生态系统) The water cycle is a key part of Earth’s ecosystem. It keeps water moving between the sky, land and oceans, which is necessary for all living things— 1 plants, animals and humans. First, it provides fresh water. When water evaporates from oceans and lakes, it forms clouds. Later, it falls to the ground as rain or snow. A 2 thing is that this process not only fills rivers and lakes but also helps plants grow better. If there were no such process, the 3 would be that many living things would lose their water source. Second, it helps control the climate. Evaporation takes heat from the Earth, making places cooler. When it rains, heat is released, which changes the weather of different areas. Third, it supports ecosystems. As water flows through rivers, it carries nutrients to soil, helping plants grow. These plants then give animals food and homes to live in. What’s more, the clean water from the water cycle can also prevent some harmful 4 from spreading easily. Finally, it cleans water naturally. When water seeps into the ground, soil filters out dirt. This makes groundwater clean and safe for us to drink. We must protect the water cycle. Pollution can 5 it, harming nature and humans. By saving water and reducing pollution, we keep the water cycle steady. Besides, the water cycle also affects our daily life in many ways. For example, it provides water for farming. Without it, crops would not grow well, and that would 6 food shortages. Choose the best answer for each blank. 1．A．except B．including C．without D．about 2．A．dangerous B．boring C．surprising D．hard 3．A．result B．reason C．question D．answer 4．A．flowers B．viruses C．plants D．animals 5．A．ruin B．improve C．help D．protect 6．A．look for B．take away C．put on D．lead to 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了水循环在地球生态系统中的重要作用。 1．句意：它让水在天空、陆地和海洋之间流动，这对所有生物都是必要的 —— 包括植物、动物和人类。 except除了；including包括；without没有；about关于。根据“all living things”和“plants, animals and humans”可知，此处列举具体生物类型“包含”在所有生物中。故选B。 2．句意：令人惊讶的是，这个过程不仅填满了河流和湖泊，还帮助植物更好地生长。 dangerous危险的；boring无聊的；surprising令人惊讶的；hard困难的。根据“this process not only fills rivers and lakes but also helps plants grow better”可知，水循环同时实现“补水”和“助植物生长”两大作用，具有双重价值，这是令人惊讶的。故选C。 3．句意：如果没有这样的过程，结果就是许多生物会失去它们的水源。 result结果；reason原因；question问题；answer答案。根据“If there were no such a process”和“many living things would lose their water source”可知，“没有水循环”是前提，“失去水源”是后续后果。故选A。 4．句意：此外，水循环带来的清洁水还能防止一些有害病毒轻易传播。 flowers花；viruses病毒；plants植物；animals动物。根据“the clean water from the water cycle can also prevent some harmful”和“from spreading easily spreading”可知，清洁水能阻止“病毒”迅速传播。故选B。 5．句意：污染会破坏它（水循环），危害自然和人类。 ruin破坏；improve改善；help帮助；protect保护。根据“We must protect the water cycle”和“harming nature and humans”可知，污染会“破坏”自然和人类。故选A。 6．句意：没有它（水循环），庄稼长不好，这会导致粮食短缺。 look for寻找；take away拿走；put on穿上；lead to导致。根据“crops would not grow well”和“food shortages”可知，庄稼长不好，会“导致”食物短缺。故选D。 三、阅读理解 The Amazon rainforest is the world’s biggest. It is in South America. It is so wide that it covers a little more than half the size of China! The Amazon River runs through the rainforest. It’s the world’s second longest river. The Amazon covers much of Brazil. The green colour on the national flag (国旗) of Brazil stands for the rainforest. However, climate change and human activities make it “sick”. Usually, the rainforest can fix itself. But now, it feels too “tired” to get better. According to a new study, many trees there may die, and the Amazon rainforest may turn into hot, dry grasslands in a few years. Why is the Amazon rainforest “sick”? The Amazon is one of the world’s wettest places. But since 2005, three droughts have hit the rainforest. That was because of climate change. The trees don’t have enough water to grow. What’s worse, as they become dry, they can easily catch fire. Besides, people cut down rainforest trees for wood. They burn the forest to make farmland. All these kinds of activities made about 17% of the rainforest disappear. ________ The Amazon rainforest is like the “lungs” of our planet. The rich plants there take carbon dioxide (CO₂) out of the air and make oxygen. They make more than 20% of the planet’s oxygen. If the Amazon rainforest “dies”, there will be more CO₂ and our earth will become even hotter. The Amazon rainforest is also home to over 3 million animals and plants. Many of them can’t live anywhere else. They would very likely just disappear. 1．According to the passage, what is NOT the reason that makes the Amazon rainforest “sick”? A．There are many forest fires. B．Climate change. C．People cut down trees. D．Too many animals and plants live there. 2．What will happen if the Amazon rainforest dies? A．People will lose their lungs. B．Many animals and plants will die. C．We will feel colder. D．There will be more oxygen. 3．The underlined word “droughts” means “________” in Paragraph 3. A．too little rain B．too cold weather C．too much rain D．too much fire 4．Which of the following statements about the Amazon rainforest is TRUE? A．It is twice the size of China. B．It is in North America. C．It makes more than 20% of the planet’s oxygen. D．More than 3 million kinds of plants live there. 5．Choose the best sentence to fill in the “________” in the passage. A．Where is the Amazon rainforest? B．Who lives in the Amazon rainforest? C．How can we protect the Amazon rainforest? D．What will happen if we lose the the Amazon rainforest? 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了亚马逊雨林的现状、面临的威胁，以及它对地球生态系统的重要性。 1．根据文章第三段可知，亚马逊雨林“生病”的原因包括气候变化（climate change）、干旱导致树木缺水（don’t have enough water）、容易发生火灾（catch fire）、人们砍伐树木（cut down trees）以及焚烧森林（burn the forest）。文中并未提及“居住在那里的动植物太多”是导致雨林生病的原因。 2．最后一段“The Amazon rainforest is also home to over 3 million animals and plants. Many of them can’t live anywhere else. They would very likely just disappear.”可知，如果雨林消失，许多依赖它生存的动植物将走向灭绝。 3．根据文章第三段画线词后的句子“The trees don’t have enough water to grow. What’s worse, as they become dry...”可知，树木没有足够的水生长且变得干燥，说明“droughts”指的是降雨过少导致的干旱，即“too little rain”。 4．第4段“They make more than 20% of the planet’s oxygen.”可知，亚马逊雨林产生地球上超过20%的氧气，该表述正确。 5．空格后的段落讲述了雨林作为“地球之肺”的作用，以及如果雨林消失，二氧化碳增加、地球变暖、动植物消失的后果。因此，用“What will happen if we lose the Amazon rainforest?”引出下文最为合适。 Water pollution is speeding up around the world. We use over 75,000 water-polluting chemicals and make about 1,000 new ones each year. When it rains, water runs over the ground and carries soil, dirt and other harmful stuff to the rivers and lakes. So, anything harmful that we use may finally go into our drinking water. Pollution of drinking water is a problem for half of the world’s population. Among the 250 million people who get sick because of water pollution, 5 to 10 million of them die. In the USA 40% of its rivers and 46% of its lakes are too polluted for fishing or swimming. Each year 1.2 trillion (万亿) gallons of sewage and waste from factories are poured into American rivers and lakes. Asian rivers are the most polluted in the world. They have 20 times more lead (铅) than rivers in developed countries. In 2004, several of China’s major rivers were tested and half of them weren’t suitable for drinking. In Europe, rivers and lakes used for swimming and water sports were also tested between 2004 and 2005. 10% of them were too polluted to be used. Water pollution is not only harmful to people but also to animals. As it is getting more and more serious, nobody on the Earth should still relax and do nothing about it. 1．People use over ________ water-polluting chemicals and make about 1,000 new ones each year. A．750 B．7,500 C．75,000 D．750,000 2．The underlined word “stuff” in the first paragraph probably means “________” in Chinese. A．职员 B．气体 C．暴风雨 D．东西 3．Pollution of ________ made 250 million people get sick and 5 to 10 million of them die. A．drinking water B．land C．noise D．air 4．________ rivers are the most polluted in the world. A．American B．Asian C．African D．European 5．Which of the following sentences is TRUE? A．In the USA over half of its lakes are too polluted for fishing or swimming. B．Asian rivers have 20 times more lead than rivers in developed countries. C．15% of European rivers were too polluted to be used. D．Pollution of drinking water is a problem for all of the world’s population. 6．Which is the best topic sentence for the passage? A．Water is limited (有限的). B．Rivers and lakes in Asia are seriously polluted. C．Water pollution is getting more and more serious. D．There are ways to prevent people polluting water. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了全球水污染的严重性，包括污染物的数量、对人类和动物的影响，以及不同地区水污染的具体情况。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“We use over 75,000 water-polluting chemicals and make about 1,000 new ones each year.”可知，人们使用超过75,000种水污染化学品，并且每年制造大约1,000种新的化学品。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“water-polluting chemicals”可知指的是有害物质，stuff意为“东西”。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Pollution of drinking water is a problem for half of the world’s population. Among the 250 million people who get sick because of water pollution, 5 to 10 million of them die.”可知，饮用水污染导致2.5亿人生病，其中500万至1000万人死亡。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Asian rivers are the most polluted in the world.”可知，亚洲的河流是世界上最污染的。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“They have 20 times more lead (铅) than rivers in developed countries.”可知，亚洲河流的铅含量是发达国家河流的20倍。故选B。 6．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Water pollution is speeding up around the world.”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了全球水污染的严重性，包括污染物的数量、对人类和动物的影响，以及不同地区水污染的具体情况。因此，C选项“水污染越来越严重”是本文的最佳主题句。故选C。 A water footprint is the total amount of water used to make the things we use every day. This includes the water for growing food, producing clothes and generating (产生) electricity. Everything we use “drinks” some water before it reaches us. It’s important to understand our water footprint because water is a very precious resource—one we must use wisely. There are three main types of water footprints: green, blue, and grey. The green water footprint refers to the rainwater used to grow crops. For example, wheat and rice depend on rainwater to grow. The blue water footprint is the fresh water taken from rivers, lakes or underground sources for production. This includes the water used in factories or to irrigate (灌溉) crops. The grey water footprint is the water needed to clean up pollution. When factories release waste, it often takes a lot of water to clean up the mess. To see how much water we actually use, let’s look at some examples. Producing just one kilogram of beef takes about 15,000 liters of water. This water is used to grow food for the cows and to keep them healthy. By comparison, producing one kilogram of rice requires about 2,500 liters of water. This shows that different foods and products need different amounts of water. We can reduce our water footprint by saving water in our daily lives. Simple actions like turning off the tap while brushing your teeth, using less water when washing dishes and fixing leaks can all go a long way. Eating less meat can also help because producing meat uses a lot of water. Another smart move is to choose products that use less water to make. By understanding our water footprint and making thoughtful choices, we can help protect this important resource for the future. 1．By writing this article, the author mainly wanted to ________. A．show people how to reduce water pollution B．discuss the importance of saving water in daily life C．explain the idea of water footprint and how to reduce it D．compare the amount of water used in different products 2．The “grey water footprint” is the water used for ________. A．growing crops B．drinking and cooking C．cleaning up pollution D．washing clothes at home 3．How much water is needed to produce one kilogram of beef? A．2,500 liters. B．15,000 liters. C．5,000 liters. D．1,000 liters. 4．The examples of beef and rice are given to show that ________. A．people should stop eating beef B．beef is more delicious than rice C．farming cows is easier than growing rice D．different products need different amounts of water 5．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to reduce our water footprint? A．Fixing leaks. B．Eating less meat. C．Taking shorter showers. D．Turning off the tap while brushing teeth. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了水足迹的概念，包括其三种类型：绿色水足迹、蓝色水足迹和灰色水足迹，并给出了减少水足迹的方法，呼吁人们理解水足迹并做出明智的选择，以保护这一重要资源。 1．主旨大意题。根据文章的整体内容，特别是最后一段“By understanding our water footprint and making thoughtful choices, we can help protect this important resource for the future.”可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是解释水足迹的概念以及如何减少它。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The grey water footprint is the water needed to clean up pollution.”可知，灰色水足迹是指用于清理污染的水。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Producing just one kilogram of beef takes about 15,000 liters of water.”可知，生产一公斤牛肉需要大约15,000升水。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“This shows that different foods and products need different amounts of water.”可知，作者通过牛肉和大米的例子来说明不同的食物和产品需要不同量的水。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“Simple actions like turning off the tap while brushing your teeth, using less water when washing dishes and fixing leaks can all go a long way. Eating less meat can also help because producing meat uses a lot of water.”可知，文章提到了刷牙时关掉水龙头、洗碗时少用水、修理漏水以及少吃肉等方法来减少水足迹，但没有提到洗淋浴时间短一些。故选C。 四、补全对话 Situation: Mr. Green, a community worker, is talking to Lily about water protection. Lily: Mr. Green, our school teaches us to turn off the tap tightly after washing hands. 1 ? (根据回应，写出一句一般疑问句) Mr. Green: Yes, it is a good habit. If we forget to do that, we’ll waste much clean water. Lily: Besides, I feel quite sad and angry to see factory waste pollutes many rivers. 2 ? (请根据划线部分提问) Mr. Green: In fact, the government asks people to clean those rivers once a year. Lily: But it requires much time and money to do so. Are there any better solutions? Mr. Green: 3 . (请回答上句的一般疑问句). We have already used water filters in the community to make the water quality better. Lily: You’ve done a great job to 4 . (请保持上句划线部分的句意基本不变) 【答案】1．Is it a good habit to turn off the tap tightly after washing hands 2．How often does the government ask people to clean those rivers 3．Yes, there are 4．protect water resources 【导语】本文是社区工作人员格林先生和莉莉在谈论水资源保护的对话。 1．根据“Yes, it is a good habit.”可知，此处应该是一般疑问句，询问“洗手后关紧水龙头是不是一个好习惯”。故填Is it a good habit to turn off the tap tightly after washing hands。 2．根据“In fact, the government asks people to clean those rivers once a year.”可知，此处应该针对“once a year”进行提问，即询问政府要求人们多久清理一次河流。故填How often does the government ask people to clean those rivers。 3．根据“Are there any better solutions?”和“We have already used water filters in the community to make the water quality better.”可知，此处应该对上句的一般疑问句进行肯定回答，表示有更好的办法。故填Yes, there are。 4．根据“make the water quality better”可知，此处应该保持上句划线部分句意基本不变，即表达“保护水资源”的意思。故填protect water resources。 五、选词填空 A．discussed    B．familiar    C． rarely   D．unlikely   E. teamwork No great invention comes into being by chance. Curiosity drives many young inventors. A group of middle school students, curious about how to reduce water waste at school, came up with a great idea. Problems that students are 1 with like dripping taps during hand-washing inspired their invention. With good 2 , they turned this idea into a practical device: a sensor-controlled faucet (水龙头) that shuts off automatically. Each member did their part—some researched water-saving tech, others designed the device, and others tested it. We 3 hear about successful inventors working alone, and this group is no exception. They 4 , adjusted, and helped each other through difficulties. Their invention cut the school’s water use by 30%. From the story, we can learn that it is 5 to create a really useful invention through individual effort. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了一群中学生出于对减少学校水资源浪费的好奇，通过团队合作发明了自动关闭的传感器控制水龙头，从而减少了学校30%的用水量，并从中得出仅靠个人努力很难创造出真正有用的发明这一结论。 1．句意：学生们熟悉的问题，比如洗手时水龙头滴水，激发了他们的发明。根据“like dripping taps during hand-washing inspired their invention.”可知，此处是指学生们熟悉的问题，“be familiar with”表示“对……熟悉”，固定短语。故选B。 2．句意：凭借良好的团队合作，他们将这个想法变成了一个实用装置：一个自动关闭的传感器控制水龙头。根据“Each member did their part—some researched water-saving tech, others designed the device, and others tested it.”可知，此处是指凭借良好的团队合作，teamwork“团队合作”，不可数名词。故选E。 3．句意：我们很少听说成功的发明家独自工作，这个团队也不例外。根据“hear about successful inventors working alone, and this group is no exception.”可知，此处是指很少听说成功的发明家独自工作，rarely“很少”，副词修饰动词hear。故选C。 4．句意：他们讨论、调整，并互相帮助克服困难。根据“adjusted, and helped each other through difficulties.”可知，此处是指他们讨论、调整，并互相帮助克服困难，discussed“讨论”，动词过去式，与adjusted和helped并列。故选A。 5．句意：从这个故事中，我们可以了解到，通过个人的努力不太可能创造出真正有用的发明。根据“Their invention cut the school’s water use by 30%.”以及“to create a really useful invention through individual effort.”可知，此处是指通过个人的努力不太可能创造出真正有用的发明，unlikely“不太可能的”，形容词作表语。故选D。 将下列单词或短语前的字母填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次 A) sources    B) the rest   C) used   D) realizing   E) covered   F) less Have you ever wanted to know how water droplets (小水滴) travel in nature? Water from oceans, lakes and rivers takes in heat from the sun and evaporates into the air. When the air gets cold enough, these water vapors form tiny clouds. Soon, the sky is 1 with thick clouds, which are made of lots of small water droplets. What if these droplets become too heavy? They fall as rain! Some rain flows into rivers, and 2 soaks into the ground. Plants absorb a little of this water through their roots. People used to think water was endless, but now we know we need to save it. As the climate changes, some places get 3 rain than before. When water is used, we must clean it safely before returning it to nature. Sometimes, we waste water without 4 —like leaving the tap running even a second too long. Leaving waste water unprotected, we allow pollution to harm it. Over time, clean-water 5 may get smaller. We should take action now, until everyone can enjoy clean water every day. Remember, every drop of water is something precious. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．F 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了水在自然界中的循环过程，强调节约用水的重要性，叙述清洁水源减少的原因。 1．句意：很快，天空被厚厚的云层覆盖，这些云是由无数微小的水滴构成的。根据“the sky is…with thick clouds,”可知，此处表示“天空被云层覆盖”；固定表达，be covered with“被……覆盖”。故填E。 2．句意：一些雨水流入河流，其余的雨水渗入地下。根据“Some rain flows into rivers,”可知，一些雨水流入河流，the rest指代“剩余的雨水”故填B。 3．句意：随着气候变化，一些地方的降雨量比以前减少了。根据“than”可知，此句为比较级，less是little的比较级，修饰不可数名词rain，表示“气候变化后一些地方雨水更少”。故填F。 4．句意：有时，我们会在不知不觉中浪费水—比如让水龙头多开一秒钟。根据“without”可知，介词without后接动名词，表达“我们常常无意识地浪费水（没意识到）”；realizing“意识到”，符合语境。故填D。 5．句意：随着时间的推移，清洁水源可能会减少。根据“Leaving waste water unprotected, we allow pollution to harm it.”可知，放任废水不受保护，任由污染危害清洁水源的安全，之后随着时间的推移，清洁水源可能会减少。此处用sources“来源”，符合语境。故填A。 六、任务型阅读 Emma still remembered the river of her childhood—crystal clear, brimming with fish, and shaded by willow trees whose branches kissed the water. She and her friends swam in it during summers, their laughter echoing across the fields. But now, when Emma returned to the village, she was shocked. As she stood on the same riverbank, she saw a different scene: the water was dirty, littered with plastic bottles and floating rubbish, and the willows had dried. A sign read: No Swimming. Dangerous Water. Her heart sank. She recalled her grandfather’s stories about how this river had nurtured (养育) their village for generations. Today, it smelled of decay (腐烂). Later, in school, her teacher explained how industrial waste and plastic pollution had polluted the river. “Water is life,” the teacher said, “but we’ve taken it for granted.” That afternoon, Emma decided to take action. She started a “Save Our River” campaign at school, organizing clean-up drives and writing to local officials. Slowly, others joined—students, teachers, even farmers. They removed trash, planted new trees, and monitored water quality. Months later, though the river wasn’t fully healed, Emma saw hopeful signs: dragonflies returning, water clearing, and children watching from the bank with curiosity. She knew it was just a start. One year later, Emma visited the river again. Task One: Answer the questions 1．Emma didn’t swim in the river during summers in her childhood, did she?   2．What did Emma see on the riverbank when she returned? 3．Why was the river polluted? 4．Why did Emma’s heart sink? 5．What did Emma and other people do to heal the river? Task Two: 6．Describe what happened when Emma visited the river one year later. What changes did she see? What challenges remained? (请给文章加一个合理的结尾，30个单词左右。) 【答案】1．Yes, she did. 2．She saw dirty water littered with plastic bottles and floating rubbish, dried willows, and a sign saying “No Swimming. Dangerous Water.” 3．Because industrial waste and plastic pollution polluted it. 4．Because she was shocked by the severely polluted river, which was completely different from the clear river in her childhood memories. 5．Emma started a “Save Our River” campaign at school, organizing clean-up drives and writing to local officials. Then they removed trash, planted new trees, and monitored water quality together. 6．The river was much cleaner, with fish swimming again. But some industrial waste still flowed in, reminding them the fight to save it was far from over. 【导语】本文主要介绍了Emma看到童年清澈的河流被污染后，发起“拯救我们的河流”行动，和众人一起治理河流，让水质逐渐改善，也认识到环保任务仍在继续。 1．首段直接描述了这一场景：“She and her friends swam in it during summers”。因此答案是原文直接信息，表明她小时候夏天在河里游过泳。 2．第一段后半部分明确指出她看到的景象：“the water was dirty, littered with plastic bottles and floating rubbish, and the willows had dried. A sign read: No Swimming. Dangerous Water.”这是原文中的具体场景信息，直接提取整合。 3．第一段末尾直接给出了河流被污染的原因：“industrial waste and plastic pollution had polluted the river”。答案几乎是原文引述。 4．此答案是对第一段信息的概括总结。该段提到她记忆中童年的河清澈美好，而返乡后看到河水肮脏、柳树干枯、立着危险警示牌，与回忆形成强烈反差，因此她心情沉重。核心依据是“she saw a different scene: the water was dirty…A sign read: No Swimming. Dangerous Water.” 5．第二段明确列出了他们的行动：“They removed trash, planted new trees, and monitored water quality”，同时补充了Emma发起的“Save Our River”campaign、组织清洁活动、写信给当地官员等行为。这是原文中的具体行动信息，直接提取整合。 6．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需基于文中事实。结合文章内容和自己的理解，合理作答即可。 Read the passage and complete the tasks. (根据短文内容完成任务。) A new fleet of ocean-cleaning drones is being tested to remove plastic waste from the sea. These autonomous (自动的) devices use AI to detect and collect floating debris (碎片), helping to reduce the millions of tons of plastic polluting the oceans. The drones operate day and night, covering large areas more efficiently than human-led clean-up efforts. Traditional clean-up methods involve ships and nets, which are slow, expensive, and often harm marine life. The drones, however, are designed to avoid wildlife while targeting only plastic waste. Early trials show they can collect up to 100 kilograms of debris per day, making them a promising solution for large-scale ocean clean-up. One challenge is that strong ocean currents can push debris out of reach, making it harder for the drones to operate effectively. Dr. Hannah Lee, the project coordinator, says her team is improving the drones’ navigation systems to handle rough sea conditions. They are also developing ways to recycle the collected plastic into usable materials. If successful, these drones could play a key role in restoring marine ecosystems and protecting sea life. This technology offers hope for a cleaner, healthier ocean in the future. Task 1 Answer the questions 1．How do the drones identify plastic waste in the ocean? 2．Why are drones better than traditional clean-up methods? 3．How much debris can each drone collect daily? 4．What problem do strong ocean currents cause for the drones? 5．What aspect of the drones is Dr. Lee’s team improving?        Task 2 6．Explain how ocean-cleaning drones help marine life. (不超过30个词) 【答案】1．They use AI to detect and collect floating debris. 2．Because they are faster, cheaper, and do not harm marine life. 3．Up to 100 kilograms. 4．They push debris out of reach, making it harder for the drones to operate effectively. 5．The drones’ navigation systems. 6．They can help to clean up the ocean and protect marine life. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一款正在测试的海洋清洁无人机，包括其工作原理、相比传统清洁方式的优势、面临的挑战及未来意义。该无人机借助人工智能检测和收集海洋塑料垃圾，虽受洋流影响，但经改进后有望助力海洋生态恢复。 1．根据“These autonomous (自动的) devices use AI to detect and collect floating debris (碎片), helping to reduce the millions of tons of plastic polluting the oceans.”可知，它们利用人工智能来检测和收集流动塑料垃圾。故填They use AI to detect and collect floating debris. 2．根据“Traditional clean-up methods involve ships and nets, which are slow, expensive, and often harm marine life. The drones, however, are designed to avoid wildlife while targeting only plastic waste.”可知，因为它们更快，更便宜，不伤害海洋生物。故填Because they are faster, cheaper, and do not harm marine life. 3．根据“Early trials show they can collect up to 100 kilograms of debris per day, making them a promising solution for large-scale ocean clean-up.”可知，每架无人机每天可收集多达100公斤碎片。故填Up to 100 kilograms. 4．根据“One challenge is that strong ocean currents can push debris out of reach, making it harder for the drones to operate effectively.”可知，它们把碎片推到无法到达的地方，使无人机更难有效运行。故填They push debris out of reach, making it harder for the drones to operate effectively. 5．根据“Dr. Hannah Lee, the project coordinator, says her team is improving the drones’ navigation systems to handle rough sea conditions.”可知，正在改进无人机导航系统。故填The drones’ navigation systems. 6．根据最后一段“If successful, these drones could play a key role in restoring marine ecosystems and protecting sea life. This technology offers hope for a cleaner, healthier ocean in the future.”可知，它们可以帮助清理海洋，保护海洋生物。故填They can help to clean up the ocean and protect marine life. 七、书面表达 1．Write at least 60 words on the topic “The importance of saving water”. (以“节约用水的重要性”为题写一篇不少于60词的短文。) Suggested questions: 1. Why is it important to save water? 2. What problems are caused by water shortage? 3. What can we do to save water at school and at home? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 The importance of saving water Water is very precious on Earth. However, many places are facing serious water shortage. People there have to walk miles to get clean water. Saving water is important because without it, humans, animals and plants cannot survive. At school, we can turn off taps tightly after washing hands. At home, we can reuse water to flush the toilet or water plants. If everyone does a little, we can make a big difference. Let’s start saving water today! 写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：说明文，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：节约用水的重要原因、水资源短缺引发的问题、家校两类场景的节水做法 确定人称：第一人称（I/we） 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称，词数不少于60词 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：点明水资源珍贵，点明节水核心必要性，引出缺水现实困境 主体段：先说明缺水带来的生存与生活问题，再分别介绍在校、居家可落地的节水行动 结尾段：发出号召，呼吁人人节水，升华小小行动汇聚巨大改变的主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：节水的重要性：without water, humans, animals and plants can’t survive/water is essential for all living things等 要点二：缺水带来的问题：many places are facing serious water shortage/people there have to walk miles to get clean water/agriculture and daily life will both be severely restricted等 要点三：家校节水措施：turn off taps tightly after washing hands/reuse water to flush the toilet or water plants/collect rainwater to water flowers in the garden instead of using tap water等 2．假如你班将举办主题为“How to Save Water in Our Daily Life?”的课前演讲，请你根据以下提示用英语写一篇演讲稿。 写作要求： (1)简单谈谈水的用途和重要性； (2)你对节约用水有什么好的建议； (3)发出倡议。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文： Good morning, everyone. Today, I’ll talk about saving water. Water is essential for life. We use it for drinking, cleaning, and growing food. Without water, we cannot survive. Plants and animals also need water to live. So, saving water is necessary for everyone. To save water, we should turn off the tap when brushing teeth. Also, fix leaks quickly and take shorter showers. These small steps help a lot. Let’s start saving water now, for every drop counts. Thank you! [总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇讲稿； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：根据提示要点进行写作，可适当发挥，注意行文连贯，表述完整。 [写作步骤] 第一步，点明主题； 第二步，介绍水的用途及重要性； 第三步，介绍节约用水的建议； 第四步，发出倡议。 [亮点词汇] ①be essential for对……至关重要 ②turn off关掉 ③help a lot帮助很大 [高分句型] ①Also, fix leaks quickly and take shorter showers. (and连接的并列句) ②To save water, we should turn off the tap when brushing teeth. (不定式作目的状语) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $