第04讲（译林版选择性必修第一册）单词、短语、重点易考单词变形+词义辨析（复习讲义）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语讲义聚焦选择性必修第一册词汇考点，按单元梳理核心词汇与阅读词汇，结合考情分析构建“变形-拼写-词义-短语”四维知识体系，通过考点突破、方法指导、真题训练等环节，帮助学生系统掌握熟词生义、词性转换等高考高频考点。 资料突出语言能力与思维品质培养，创新设计语境推断训练（如appetite“食欲→求知欲”）和词性转换专项（如generate/regeneration），设置分层速效练笔与短文故事识记活动，确保复习效率，为教师把控节奏提供清晰路径，有效提升学生应考能力。

第04讲 选择性必修第一册 词汇考点 目录 2 8 9 考点一 unit 1~unit 4 核心词汇 12 知识点1 核心单词知变形 12 知识点2　核心单词知拼写 21 考点二 unit 1~unit 4 阅读词汇 26 知识点1 阅读单词知词义 26 知识点2 核心短语知辨析 28 32 一、 真题实战 32 二、 命题演练 35 单元 核心词汇 阅读词汇 Unit 1 Food matters mood, combination, creamy, flavour, greedily, gently, dessert, association, vary, link, native, sour, bond, digest, lower, cycle, enhance, boil, fry, bet, elderly, bake, mild, loose, plain, estimate, stimulate, emphasis, steam, edge, relieve, security, generate, calorie, absorb recipe, buffet, filling, flour, sauce, slice, chef, concept, delicate, steam, appetitie, texture, refresh, consume, metabolism, ingredient, nutrition, protein, vitamin, mineral, fibre, organic, artificial, preserve, freeze, roast, chop, peel, blend, dough Unit 2 The universal language deserve, pleasant, whisper, weep, overcome, folk, surroundings, guarantee, flow unusual, grab, sweep, accompany, stream, brilliant, abandon, desperate, ease, genius, compose, drama, greet, suit, expect, predict, depress, possess, transform, forever, communist, defend, complicated, enthusiastic, vast, gifted, reputation Polish, rural, solar, recording, volume, handkerchief, chorus, grand, blues, solo, orchestra, lyric, melody, harmony, rhythm, composer, conductor, performance, audience, applause, emotion, passion, inspire, motivate, talented, masterpiece, album, release, concert, festival, instrument, sorrow, heaven, breeze Unit 3 The art of painting portrait, landscape, wander, gallery, decade, mostly, pond, canvas, neighbourhood, strike, setting, like-minded, liberation, opposed, dominate, employ, brushwork, realistic, essence, vivid, vision, display, worthy, calling, shade, bathe, wage, campaign, architecture, arrange, precise, enormous, structure, overall, crisis, decline, outstanding, rare, career scroll, insight, crop, civilian, butcher, ink, perspective, clothing, temple, critic, soldier, scale, emperor, brush, oil, watercolour, sketch frame, composition, exhibition, museum, collection, artist, painter, sculptor, scenery, countryside, expression, creativity, imagination, technique, style, trend, influence, inspiration, detail, shadow, light, colour, figure Unit 4 Exploring poetry imply, grasp, detect, complex, clue, aside, remote, inner, allow, perceive, ideal, rigid, constantly, undergo, advocate, claim, sigh, hence, dare, striking, encounter, numerous, glorious, boom, liberty, cast, owe, debt, fascinate, entitle, blame, reward, distinguish, poetry, poet, rhythm, imagery, contradict representative, diverge, undergrowth, grassy, novel, novelist, legend, nourish, impostor, metaphor, simile, exaggeration, unconstrained, allowance, tread, bend, stable, belief, detective, character, logic, dwell, industry, glory, verse, image, symbol, theme, tone, thought, expression, interpretation, comprehension, appreciation, insight, wisdom, reflection, inspiration, imagination Unit 1：Food matters 核心词汇考情： appetite：2026年全国I卷阅读B篇出现熟词生义考查——“the curiosity and the appetite”，本义为“食欲、胃口”，文中引申为“求知欲、渴望”。2022年天津卷完形中考查loss of appetite（食欲不振）。阅读中常与have an appetite for（对……有强烈欲望）搭配 plain：2026年全国I卷阅读C篇出现——“provide wildlife habitat along with just plain beauty”，本义为“平原”，文中考查熟词生义“纯粹的、简简单单的”。属于典型的“熟词生义”考点，考生需根据语境判断。 generate：2026年新课标II卷阅读D篇考查派生词——generate → regenerative。环保与能源类话题高频词，表“产生、生成”，常与energy / electricity / waste等搭配。语法填空常考generation / regenerative等派生形式。 preserve：2026年新课标II卷阅读B篇考查词性转换——preserve → preservation。2025年新课标I卷阅读中出现——“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.”；2025年全国甲卷亦考查。环保与文化保护类话题核心动词，常与protect / conserve辨析考查。 consume：2024年新课标II卷重点词汇中出现，完形/阅读中考查“消耗、消费”。常出现在环保（consume energy/resources）、经济（consumer / consumption）类话题中。语法填空常考consumption / consumer词性转换。 absorb：2026年全国I卷阅读C篇出现——“absorb carbon”；2023新高考Ⅱ卷语法填空考查absorbed。表“吸收”，熟词生义考“理解、消化”（2020新高考Ⅰ卷七选五）。语法填空常考absorbed（全神贯注的）。 阅读词汇考情 concept：2026年新课标II卷阅读C篇考查词性转换——concept → conception。阅读高频词，表“概念”，在科技、文化类阅读中高频出现（2023北京卷阅读D） nutrition：2024年全国甲卷七选五（健康饮食主题）中考查——“slow down and think about food as something nutritious”。健康饮食类话题核心名词，语法填空常考nutritious / nutritional词性转换 ingredient：2026年高考英语真题阅读中出现——“all the ingredients used were examples of meat cuts and produce”。饮食文化类阅读高频词，熟词生义可表“要素、组成部分”。 recipe：2026年新课标II卷阅读A篇饮食文化话题中出现。2023年天津高考阅读亦有考查。表“食谱”，熟词生义可表“秘诀、诀窍”。 protein：2018全国卷二阅读B、2025年真题七选五中考查。健康饮食类阅读高频词，表“蛋白质”，常在关于饮食营养的语篇中出现。 命题趋势： 熟词生义与饮食健康话题是2024—2026年高考英语的重要考查方向。 2026年全国I卷阅读B篇和C篇集中考查了appetite（食欲→求知欲）、plain（平原→纯粹的）等熟词生义；2026年新课标II卷阅读A篇以“The Best Chinese Restaurants Around D.C.”为话题，涉及饮食文化与休闲消费。词性转换方面，preserve/preservation、generate/regenerative、concept/conception等在2026年新课标II卷中集中出现。建议在教学中重点强化熟词生义的语境推断训练，以及consume/consumption/consumer、generate/generation/regenerative、nutrition/nutritious/nutritional等词性转换的专项练习。 Unit 2 The universal language 核心词汇考情： deserve：2022年新高考Ⅰ卷完形中考查——“Since you have practiced hard to prepare for this running race, you deserve (join) it,” I said to David.常考deserve to do（值得做某事）和deserve consideration/attention（值得考虑/关注）等搭配。完形中常与reserve（预订、保留）、preserve（保护）等形近词辨析考查。 transform：2020年全国Ⅲ卷语法填空考查transformation词性转换—As the small boat moved gently along the river, ...（该句所在语篇为2020年全国Ⅲ卷语法填空）。科技、社会发展类话题高频词，常考transform...into...搭配及名词形式transformation。 inspire：2024年新高考Ⅱ卷语法填空考查——“Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden.”艺术、文化类话题高频动词，常考 inspired（受启发的）作后置定语。此处inspire表“赋予灵感、受到启发”，而非“激励”。 motivate：2024年新课标Ⅰ卷完形首句——“I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievements all my life.”心理、成长类话题核心动词，语法填空常考motivated（有动力的）作形容词或过去分词。常与demotivated形成对比考查。 complicated：2024年新课标Ⅱ卷阅读D篇出现——“In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code that powers AI.”阅读中常考查词义理解complex构成同义替换，与simple形成反义对比。 accompany：高考语法填空高频考查非谓语动词形式。真题常考accompanied by（由……陪同）作状语，表被动关系。如：“The film star appeared, accompanied by a team of strong bodyguards.”阅读中常出现在人物活动描写语境，表“陪伴、伴随”。 阅读词汇考情： solar：2022年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读B篇（食物浪费）及2022年全国甲卷阅读（太阳能农场）中高频出现——“InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to 'low-impact' solar development”。环保与科技类阅读必考话题词，常与solar panels、solar farms、solar energy等搭配出现。 emotion：2021年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读D篇高频考查emotional intelligence（情商）——“Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional intelligence.”阅读中常考查emotional词性转换及词义理解。2026年新课标Ⅰ卷完形押题中亦出现“sound carries deep emotion”的搭配。 instrument：2020年全国Ⅰ卷语法填空考查——“Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e-4 to find and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.” rural：高考阅读中高频出现在医疗、社会服务类话题。2024年全国甲卷阅读说明文中出现——介绍医疗列车为俄罗斯rural（乡村的）populations提供基本医疗服务。常与urban形成对比。 concert：高考听力及阅读中多次出现——如2020年山东卷听力“Maybe we could get her a concert ticket”、听力材料中“There is a music concert in Victoria Park at 4 o'clock”。音乐、休闲类阅读常见词。 命题趋势： 音乐与文化、科技与社会变革是2020—2026年高考英语的重要考查方向。 2024年新高考Ⅱ卷语法填空以《牡丹亭》为背景考查inspire（inspired by The Peony Pavilion）；2024年新课标Ⅰ卷完形以个人成长为背景考查motivate/motivated；2021年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读D篇围绕emotional intelligence（情商）展开；2022年全国甲卷阅读以solar农场为主题。词性转换方面，transform/transformation、inspire/inspired、motivate/motivated、emotion/emotional等在真题中集中出现。建议在教学中重点强化非谓语动词（inspired by / accompanied by）的用法训练，以及transform/transformation、inspire/inspired/inspiration、emotion/emotional等词性转换的专项练习。 Unit 3：The art of painting 核心词汇考情： portrait：2022年6月浙江卷语法填空出现——John Olson, a former photographer, and his team render paintings into fully textured 3-D models, like this version of Vincent van Gogh‘s “Portrait of Dr. Gachet.”2022年全国乙卷阅读A篇介绍苏格兰画家Henry Raeburn时，同样涉及portrait一词（Scottish National Portrait Gallery）。阅读中常与paint / display搭配，语法填空需注意其与portray（描绘）的词源联系。 landscape：2023年新高考Ⅰ卷重点词汇总结中出现——landscape n.（陆上）风景，景色。2023年全国乙卷阅读中考查——“Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge”。2023年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读中亦有“bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam”。绘画与摄影类话题高频词，常与scenery构成同义替换。 gallery：2026年全国Ⅰ卷阅读D篇出现——“187 people were invited to visit Kettle’s Yard gallery during an exhibition of handmade clay objects”。2022年全国乙卷阅读A篇考查——“Scottish National Portrait Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public”。艺术文化类阅读高频词，常与exhibition / museum共现。 strike：2025年全国卷阅读B篇考查熟词生义——“Writing didn’t strike them as important”（他们并不觉得写作有多重要）。2024年福建高考英语试题中考查非谓语动词——Struck by the beauty of the scenery, the tourists took lots of pictures。熟词生义高频词，本义“撞击、罢工”，常考“突然想到、给……印象”等引申义，语法填空常考struck（过去分词）作状语。 display：2021年天津卷单项填空考查——“Some of the world’s heaviest pumpkins were on public display at the Bronx Botanical Gardens”。2014年北京卷阅读D考查——“the products displayed at the entrance”。常考on display（展出）搭配及displayed作后置定语。完形中常与exhibit / show辨析考查。 exhibition：2022年全国乙卷阅读A篇开篇出现——“The Exhibition. This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland’s best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London.”。艺术文化类阅读高频词，常与gallery / museum / masterpiece共现。语法填空常考其动词形式exhibit（展出）。 阅读词汇考情： masterpiece：2022年全国乙卷阅读A篇出现——"This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn"。艺术类阅读高频词，常在展览、艺术家介绍类语篇中出现。 insight：高考阅读高频词，表“洞察力、见解”。2021年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读D篇涉及insight与emotional intelligence的关联。阅读中常考查词义理解，完形中常与understanding / perception辨析。 perspective：高考阅读高频词，表“视角、透视法”（绘画术语）及“观点、看法”（引申义）。常在艺术评论、观点类阅读中出现。熟词生义考查中，需注意其在绘画语境中指“透视法”。 composition：高考阅读高频词，表“构成、构图”（绘画术语）及“作文、作品”。语法填空常考compose（组成、创作）及其派生词composition / composer。2015年全国卷阅读中考查compose的动词用法。 inspiration：高考阅读高频词，表“灵感”。常在艺术创作、人物故事类阅读中出现。语法填空常考inspire / inspired / inspiring / inspiration词性转换。2024年新高考Ⅱ卷语法填空考查inspired（受……启发）。 technique：高考阅读高频词，表“技巧、技法”。常在艺术、体育、科技类阅读中出现。2022年全国乙卷阅读A篇介绍Raeburn绘画风格时涉及technique相关表达。完形中常与skill / method辨析考查。 命题趋势： 艺术与文化是2022—2026年高考英语的重要考查方向。 2022年全国乙卷阅读A篇以苏格兰画家Henry Raeburn展览为主题，集中考查了exhibition、masterpiece、portrait、gallery等艺术类词汇；2026年全国Ⅰ卷阅读D篇以剑桥大学Kettle’s Yard画廊艺术展为主题，考查gallery在真实语篇中的理解；2023年全国乙卷阅读以风景摄影师为主题考查landscape；2025年全国卷阅读考查strike的熟词生义；2024年新高考Ⅱ卷语法填空考查inspire的派生形式。词性转换方面，exhibit/exhibition、compose/composition/composer、inspire/inspiration/inspired等在真题中集中出现。建议在教学中重点强化艺术类话题词汇（portrait/landscape/gallery/exhibition/masterpiece）的语境理解，以及熟词生义（strike：撞击→突然想到）的推断训练。 Unit 4： Exploring poetry 核心词汇考情： poetry：2026年全国二卷完形填空出现——“I was teaching poetry, encouraging students to write about their dreams.”2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解A篇“POETRY CHALLENGE”中同样出现，要求考生写一首关于勇气、决心和力量的诗歌。诗歌鉴赏类话题核心名词，常在文学教育、创意写作类语篇中出现。 imply：高考阅读理解推理判断题高频题干词。常与infer、indicate、suggest等词并列出现在题干中，如“What does the author imply in the last paragraph?”。imply侧重“主动暗示”，infer侧重“被动推断”，是阅读理解推理判断题的高频关联词。 grasp：2018年全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解七选五中出现——“A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in.”表“理解、领会”，常与understanding构成同义替换。完形中常考其本义“抓紧”与引申义“理解”的辨析。 distinguish：2023年北京卷阅读理解中出现——“It's difficult to distinguish this painting from the original one without professional knowledge.”常考distinguish A from B（区分A与B）搭配。语法填空常考distinguished（著名的、卓越的）作形容词，如be distinguished as（作为……而出名）。 complex：高考阅读高频词，表“复杂的”。2025年全国二卷阅读C篇中出现——“Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.”（句中涉及complex相关的长难句分析）。完形中常与complicated构成同义替换。 claim：高考阅读高频词，表“声称、主张”。常在议论文、观点类阅读中出现，常考claim that（声称……）和make a claim（提出主张）等搭配。完形中常与declare、state等词辨析考查。 阅读词汇考情： insight：高考阅读高频词，表“洞察力、见解”。2021年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读D篇涉及insight与emotional intelligence的关联。阅读中常考查词义理解，完形中常与understanding / perception辨析。 theme：高考阅读高频词，表“主题”。常在文学评论、艺术作品分析类阅读中出现。2024年全国甲卷阅读D篇涉及不同类型的文学作品结局的特点及写作方法。语法填空常考thematic（主题的）等派生形式。 tone：高考阅读高频词，表“语气、基调”。常在文学作品分析、人物对话描写类阅读中出现，完形中常考查词义理解。熟词生义中需注意其在音乐语境中指“音调”。 interpretation：高考阅读高频词，表“解读、阐释”。常在艺术评论、文学分析类阅读中出现。语法填空常考interpret（解读、口译）及其派生词interpretation / interpreter。 comprehension：高考阅读高频词，表“理解、理解力”。常在教育、阅读策略类阅读中出现。常考reading comprehension（阅读理解）搭配。语法填空常考comprehend（理解）及其派生形式。 reflection：高考阅读高频词，表“反映、反思”。常在个人成长、教育类阅读中出现。语法填空常考reflect（反映、反思）及其派生词reflection / reflective。写作中reflect on（反思）为高分表达。 命题趋势： 文学与诗歌、阅读理解策略是2020—2026年高考英语的重要考查方向。 2026年全国二卷完形填空以诗歌教学为背景，讲述教师鼓励学生写诗追梦的故事；2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解A篇“POETRY CHALLENGE”以诗歌创作比赛为题材；2024年全国甲卷阅读D篇涉及不同类型的文学作品结局的特点。推理判断题中，imply、infer等词高频出现在题干中；词性转换方面，distinguish/distinguished、reflect/reflection/reflective、interpret/interpretation等在真题中时有出现。建议在教学中重点强化阅读理解推理判断题的解题训练（imply/infer/indicate等题干词的识别），以及distinguish/distinguished、reflect/reflection、interpret/interpretation等词性转换的专项练习。 考点一 unit 1-unit 4 核心词汇 知识点1 核心单词知变形 【高考导航】 1. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷语法填空) Chinese cultural elements commemorating Tang Xianzu, who is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 纪念汤显祖的中国文化元素——他被誉为“亚洲的莎士比亚”——为威廉·莎士比亚的故乡斯特拉特福德 增添了国际色彩。 2. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷语法填空) Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers. 埃德蒙森说，这些文化元素提升了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，漫步在故居花园的游客常常惊讶地发现这两位伟大作家之间的联系。 3. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷完形填空) Each town has its own traditional dish, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. 每个小镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都有一份代代相传的菜谱。 4. (2025·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读B篇) In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. 去年在我九年级的写作课上，我遇到了一个拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一个要求儿子各科都得A的严厉父亲，还有一个因父母拒绝她年轻时的爱情而心碎而死的现代版朱丽叶。 5. (2025·全国Ⅰ卷完形填空) This left the house still stuffed with things that, while not particularly valuable, didn’t belong in a landfill. 这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该被扔进垃圾填埋场的东西。 6. (2026·全国Ⅰ卷阅读B篇) Ultimately, it’s not about the words themselves or how we learn them, but the wanting to know them, the curiosity and the appetite for knowledge. 归根结底，重要的不是单词本身，也不是我们如何学习它们，而是求知的欲望、好奇心与求知欲。 7. (2026·全国Ⅱ卷完形填空) Then came an afternoon that changed everything. I was teaching poetry, encouraging students to write about their dreams. 后来有一天下午，一切都变了。当时我在教诗歌，鼓励学生写下他们的梦想。 Unit 1 1.mood n.情绪,心情;气氛,氛围→moody adj.情绪多变的,喜怒无常的 2.combination n.结合体,联合体;联合,混合→ combine vt.& vi.(使)融合;(使)结合;(使)混合;兼做;合并 3.greedily adv.贪婪地,贪心地→ greedy adj. 贪婪的;贪吃的;渴望的 4.gently adv.轻柔地,温和地→ gentle adj. 温柔的;温和的;文雅的→ gentleness n.温顺;温柔;亲切 5.association n.联想,联系;协会,社团;联合,交往→ associate v.联想;联系→associated adj.有关的;相关的 6.vary vi.(根据情况)变化,变更;相异,不同 vt.变更,改变→ various adj.多样的,各种各样的→ variety n.多样化;不同种类;变化;变种,变体→variation n.变化,变更;变奏曲;变体,变异,变种 7.emotion n.情感,强烈的感情,激情,情绪→emotional adj.情绪的;易激动的;有感染力的 8.relieve vt.解除,减轻;缓和,缓解→ relieved adj.感到宽慰的;放心的→relief n.宽慰;解脱;(焦虑、痛苦等的)减轻;缓和 9.security n.安全;保护措施;保安部门;担保,保证→ secure adj.安全的;可靠的;牢固的v.使安全;保卫;获得 → [反义词] insecure adj.不安全的 10.generate vt.产生,引起→ generation n.产生;一代;一辈 11.impress vt.& vi.使钦佩,给…留下深刻印象;使意识到→ impression n.印象→ impressive adj.给人深刻印象的;令人赞叹的 → impressed adj.(对…)赞叹,钦佩,有深刻的好印象 12.bake vt.& vi.烘烤;烤硬→bakery n.面包(糕饼)店→bakern.面包店老板 13.adorable adj.可爱的,讨人喜爱的→ adore v.喜欢;热爱 14.mild adj.不浓的,淡味的;暖和的;温和的;不严重的→mildness n.温和;温暖 15.bitter adj.味苦的;激烈的;令人难过的;严寒的→ bitterness n.苦味;苦难;怨恨 → bitterly adv.难过地;愤怒地;极其 16.loose adj.不受约束的;未固定牢的;零散的;宽松的;疏松的→ loosen v.放松;使松开→loosely adv.宽松地,松散地;不精确地→[反义词] tight adj.紧的 17.foggy adj.有雾的,雾茫茫的→fog n.雾 18.expand vt.& vi.增加,扩大;扩展,发展(业务);详谈,详述→ expansion n.扩大;扩张;扩充;膨胀;增加 19.multiple adj.数量多的,多样的→ multiply v.繁殖;增加;乘 20.appropriate adj.合适的→ appropriately adv.合适地 →[反义词] inappropriate adj.不恰当的;不合适的→[近义词] proper adj.合适的 21.consume vt.吃,喝,饮;消耗,耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)→ consumption n.消费;消耗(量)→ consumer n.消费者 22.innovation n.创造,创新;新思想,新方法→ innovate v.创造;创新→ innovative adj.有创造性的;创新的→[近义词] creation n.创造;创新 23.stimulate vt.促进,激发;刺激,使兴奋→ stimulation n.刺激;促进 24.emphasis n.强调,重视;重读→ emphasize v.强调 →[复数]emphases 25.mixture n.混合物;混合,结合→mix vt.(使)混合,掺和,融合;调配,配制;相容,相协调→mixed adj.混合的,混杂的 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. His frequent ________________ changes and ________________ behavior make him difficult to get along with. (mood) 2. The ________________ of traditional and modern elements has ________________ to create a unique architectural style. (combine) 3. He looked at the cake ________________ and became even ________________ when he saw the dessert menu. (greedy) 4. She spoke with such ________________ and touched the wound ________________ that the child soon stopped crying. (gentle) 5. This color is often ________________ with calmness, and its ________________ with nature has been widely used in advertising. (associate) 6. The region offers a wide ________________ of activities, and the landscape is so ________________ that it attracts tourists with ________________ interests. (vary) 7. She became highly ________________ during the farewell speech, and her voice trembled ________________ as she spoke of her family. (emotion) 8. To his great ________________, the new medicine brought instant ________________, and he felt visibly ________________ within minutes. (relieve) 9. They installed extra cameras to improve ________________, because many residents had previously felt ________________ walking home after dark. (secure) 10. The new power station has ________________ enough clean energy for a whole ________________, and it will benefit future ________________. (generate) 11. Her presentation was highly ________________ and left a lasting ________________ on the panel, who were deeply ________________ by her original ideas. (impress) 12. The ________________ bread from the local ________________ attracted customers from all over the city. (bake) 13. The puppy is so ________________ that it is ________________ by everyone in the family, especially the children who have a deep ________________ for it. (adore) 14. The ________________ of the coastal climate makes the winters much ________________ than those in the northern mountains. (mild) 15. She cried ________________ over the ________________ of the past, unable to forget the ________________ memory. (bitter) 16. He ________________ his tie and wore it ________________ around his neck, giving himself a more relaxed look. (loose) Unit 2 1.composer n.作曲家,作曲者 →compose vt.& vi.作曲;组成;撰写;使镇静→composition n.成分;组成;(音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品;作文 2.dramatic adj.激动人心的,引人注目的;突然的; 戏剧的;夸张的 →drama n.戏剧;戏剧性事件→dramatically adv.戏剧性地 3.transform vi.& vt.(使)变形,(使)改观,(使)转化 →transformation n.变化,转变,改革 4.combine vt.& vi.(使)融合;(使)结合,(使)混合;兼做;合并→ combined adj.结合的,联合的 5.surroundings n.周围,环境 → surround vt.围绕;环绕;包围;与…紧密相关→surrounding adj.周围的;附近的 6.adaptation n.改编本,改写本;适应 → adapt vt.& vi.使适应;适应(新情况);改编→adaptable adj.有适应能力的 7.communist adj.共产主义的 n.共产主义者 → communism n.共产主义;共产主义制度 8.defend vt.& vi.保护,防御;辩白,辩解 → defence n.防御;保护;防御物;防御能力;辩解;辩护;后卫 9.greet vt.问候,欢迎,招呼 → greeting n.问候;招呼;迎接;致意 10.suitable adj.合适的,适宜的,适当的,适用的 →suit vt.对(某人)方便;满足(某人)需要;合(某人)心意;合身;适合 n.西服;西装;套装→suited adj 合适;适宜 11.recording n.录音,视频;录制;记录,记载 → record n.记录;唱片;纪录 vt.& vi.记录;记载;录制 12.distant adj.遥远的,远处的,久远的;冷淡的;远亲的 → distance n.距离;远方;(空间的)遥远;疏远;(时间的)久远,间隔 13.breath n.呼吸的空气;一次吸入的空气;微量,迹象→ breathe v.呼吸;呼出;散发(某种感情或品质)→breathless adj.喘不过来气的;停止呼吸的 14.unusual adj.特别的,不寻常的;独特的,与众不同的 →usual adj.通常的 → usually adv.通常地;一般地 15.complicated adj.复杂的,难懂的 →complicate vt.使复杂化 16.expectation n.希望,盼望;预料,预期;期望,指望→expect vt.预料;预期;预计;期望;指望 vi.猜想;认为;料想→unexpected adj.出乎意料的 17.remarkable adj.非凡的,奇异的,显著的,引人注目的 → remark vt.& vi.谈论;评论 18.enthusiastic adj.热情的,热心的→enthusiasm n.热情;热心;热衷的事物 19.gifted adj.有才华的,有天赋的 → gift n.礼物;天赋;才能vt.赠送;白给 20.prediction n.预言,预测 →predict vt.预言;预告 →predictable adj.可预料的 21.depress vt.使抑郁,使沮丧;使萧条,使不景气 → depression n.抑郁;沮丧;萧条期;(经济)衰退;不景气 → depressed adj.抑郁的;沮丧的;不景气的;萧条的;经济困难的 22.possess vt.具有(特质);拥有;支配,控制→ possession n.具有;拥有;个人财产 → possessive adj.占有欲强的 23.desperate adj.绝望的;不惜冒险的;极其需要的;极严重的 → desperation n.绝望,拼命 → desperately adv. 极度地;拼命地;绝望地;不顾一切地 24.ease n.容易,轻易;舒适,安逸 vi.& vt.(使)宽慰,减轻 → easeful adj.舒适的;安逸的 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Not until the renowned _____________ (compose) had spent a decade ___________ (compose) this symphony did its intricate ___________ (compose) finally gain recognition. 2. ___________ (drama), the seemingly minor incident escalated into a __________ (drama) event, turning the whole affair into a real-life ___________ (drama). 3. The abandoned industrial site, ____________ (transform) into a vibrant cultural center, has undergone a remarkable ____________ (transform) that few had anticipated. 4. The ___________ (combine) of innovative teaching methods with traditional ones, when ____________ (combine) with students’ active engagement, has produced surprisingly positive outcomes. 5. ___________ (surround) by breathtaking scenery, the remote village, whose peaceful _____________ (surround) are largely unspoiled, attracts nature lovers from afar. 6. The critically acclaimed film was ___________ (adapt) from the bestselling novel, and the screenwriter’s skillful _____________ (adapt) was praised for remaining faithful while also being highly ____________ (adapt). 7. A lifelong ______________ (communist), he firmly believed that the principles of __________ (communist) would eventually bring equality to all. 8. The soldiers, determined to fight in ___________ (defend) of their homeland, built a __________ (defend) barrier that proved impenetrable. 9. Upon entering the hall, the distinguished guests were warmly ___________ (greet) by the host, whose gracious __________ (greet) set a friendly tone for the evening. 10. Although the job seemed ___________ (suit) for her qualifications, she wondered whether the company culture would be __________ (suit) to her personality as well. 11. The band has __________ (record) three albums to date, and their latest ___________ (record), which won multiple awards, has broken all previous sales records. 12. Having grown increasingly ___________ (distant) over the years, they now find the emotional __________ (distant) between them almost impossible to bridge. 13. After the grueling climb, she was completely _______ (breath) and ________ (breath) heavily for several minutes. 14. He ___________ (usual) arrives punctually, but on that particular morning he was ___________ (usual) late, an ____________ (usual) occurrence that sparked concern. 15. The unexpected resignation of the manager further __________ (complicate) an already ____________ (complicate) situation, adding yet another ___________ (complicate) to the negotiations. 16. Contrary to all ____________ (expect), the team delivered an __________ (expect) victory, one that nobody had ____________ (expect) possible. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 3 1.liberation n.解放,摆脱→liberate v.解放;使自由→liberated adj.无拘无束的;思想解放的 2.opposed adj.截然不同的;强烈反对的→oppose vt.反对;与…对抗→opposition n.反对,对手→opposite adj.相反的;对面的prep.在…对面;与…相对→opposing adj.对抗的;相反的 3.dominate vt.& vi.在…中具有最重要(或明显)的特色;支配,控制;占有优势;俯视→domination n.控制;支配→dominant adj.占主导地位的 4.employ vt.运用,使用;雇用→employment n.职业;雇用;使用→employer n.雇主→employee n.雇员 5.realistic adj.逼真的,栩栩如生的;现实的,实际的;明智的→realise vt.实现;认识到→reality n.现实,实际情况;事实,实际经历→[反义词]unrealistic adj.不现实的 6.essence n.本质,精髓;香精,精油→essential adj.基本的;必不可少的→essentially adv.本质上;根本上 7.vivid adj.鲜明的,耀眼的;生动的→vividness n.生动,活泼,明亮→vividly adv.生动地 8.vision n.远见卓识;视力,视野;想象→visionary adj.有远见卓识的→visional adj.虚幻的;视力的;梦幻般的 9.worthy adj.值得(或应得)…的;值得尊敬的,值得注意的→worth n.价值;意义→worthless adj.无价值的,不值钱的→worthwhile adj.有价值的 10.bathe vt.以(光线)洒满,覆盖,使沐浴(在光线里);用水清洗→bath n.沐浴 11.architecture n.建筑设计,建筑风格;建筑学→architect n.建筑师→architectural adj.建筑学的;建筑方面的 12.arrange vt.& vi.整理,布置;安排,筹备→arrangement n.安排,筹备 13.insight n.洞悉,了解;洞察力,领悟→insightful adj.有深刻了解的;富有洞察力的 14.civilian n.平民,老百姓,庶民→civil adj.平民的;国家的;民事的→civilization n.文明;文明社会→civilized adj. 文明的;开化的 15.apparent adj.显而易见,明白易懂,显然→apparently adv.显然地 16.precise adj.细致的,精细的;准确的,精确的;恰好的→precision n.精确→precisely adv.精确地;恰好 17.ambitious adj.宏大的,艰巨的;有野心的,有雄心的→ambition n.野心,雄心,抱负→ambitiously adv.雄心勃勃地 18.comprehensive adj.全面的,详尽的;综合性的→comprehension n.理解(力) 19.structure n.建筑物;结构,构造;精心组织→structural adj.结构上的→structurally adv.在结构上 20.critic n.批评家,评论家;批评者,挑剔的人→critical adj.批评的;决定性的→critically adv.批判地→criticize vt.批评;评论→criticism n.批评;苛求 21.inspection n.检查,查看,审视;视察→inspect v.检查,视察→inspector n.检查员 22.expose vt.揭露,揭穿;暴露,显露;使遭受;使接触→exposure n.暴露;揭露→exposed adj.暴露的,无遮掩的 23.political adj.政治的,政府的,政权的;政党的,党派的→politics n.政治学,政治活动→politically adv.政治上地 24.outstanding adj.优秀的,杰出的;突出的,明显的→outstand v.突出,超过→outstandingly adv.非常 25.exhibition n.展览,展出→exhibit v.展览;展出 26.historic adj.历史上著名的;有史时期的→history n.历史→historian n.历史学家→historical adj.(有关)历史的;有关历史研究的;历史学的→historically adv.历史上地 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. __________ (oppose) to the proposal as they were, the committee members eventually adopted a stance that was in direct __________ (oppose) to their initial position. 2. __________ (dominate) by a few tech giants, the market has witnessed a __________ (dominate) shift that has alarmed regulators. 3. __________ (employ) innovative strategies, the company has not only increased its __________ (employ) but also improved the relationship between __________ (employ) and __________ (employ). 4. Although his initial goal seemed __________ (realistic) to most investors, he eventually __________ (realise) it, proving that __________ (realistic) is often a matter of perspective. 5. It is __________ (essence) to grasp the __________ (essence) of the theory, which is __________ (essence) a reformulation of earlier ideas. 6. The travel writer describes the landscape with such __________ (vivid) that readers feel they are __________ (vivid) experiencing the journey themselves. 7. Had it not been for the __________ (vision) leadership of the founder, the company would never have developed such a clear __________ (vision) for the future. 8. The charity project is __________ (worthy) of support, and every minute spent on it has proved __________ (worthwhile), unlike those __________ (worth) schemes that waste resources. 9. Designed by a visionary __________ (architecture), the museum is celebrated for its bold __________ (architecture), and its __________ (architecture) innovation has inspired countless students. 10. __________ (arrange) the conference down to the last detail, she ensured that every __________ (arrange) was in place, from the seating chart to the catering. 11. Her research provided a deep __________ (insight) into consumer behavior, and her __________ (insight) analysis was widely quoted in industry reports. 12. It became increasingly __________ (apparent) that the strategy was failing, and __________ (apparent), no one was willing to take responsibility for the crisis. 13. The experiment requires __________ (precise) measurements, and even the slightest error can undermine the __________ (precise) of the results, which must be recorded __________ (precise). 14. The team pursued their goal with great __________ (ambitious), working __________ (ambitious) day and night, and their efforts eventually paid off. 15. The report covers the topic __________ (comprehensive), and its depth greatly improves readers’ __________ (comprehensive) of the subject. 16. The film received harsh __________ (critic) from reviewers, who __________ (critic) the director for his lack of originality, but some viewers were __________ (critic) of the negative reviews, arguing that the film was actually innovative. Unit 4 1.frozen adj.结冰的,冰封的;冷冻的;冻僵的→freeze v.(使)冻结;冰冻→freezing adj.冰冻的;极冷的 2.imply vt.含有…的意思,暗示,暗指→implication n.含义;暗示;影响 3.detect vt.发现,查明,侦察出→detection n.探测;侦查→detector n.探测器→detective n.侦探 4.contradictory adj.相互矛盾的,对立的→contradict vt.& vi.反驳;与…相矛盾,相反→contradiction n.矛盾 5.interpret vt.解释,阐释;把…理解为,领会;演绎vi.口译→interpreter n.口译译员→interpretation n.解释;理解 6.patience n.耐心,忍耐力→patient adj.有耐心的 n.病人→patiently adv. 有耐心地 7.reward vt.奖励,奖赏 n.奖励,回报;悬赏金→rewarding adj.报酬高的;值得做的,有益的 8.constantly adv.始终,一直→constant adj.连续发生的,重复的→constancy n.坚定不移;恒久不变 9.logical adj.符合逻辑的;必然的,合乎情理的→logic n.逻辑→logically adv.合乎逻辑地 10.reality n.现实,实际情况;事实,实际经历→real adj.真正的;真的;真实的→really adv.真正地,真实地 11.novelist n.小说家→novel n.(长篇)小说 adj.新奇的→novelty n.新颖,新奇性;新奇的事物(或人、环境) 12.ideal n.理想;典范 adj.完美的,理想的→ideally adv.理想地;合适地→idealism n.唯心主义;理想主义→idealistic adj.理想主义的;空想的 13.industrialization n.工业化→industrialize v.(使国家或地区)工业化→industrialized adj.工业化的→industrial adj.工业的→industry n.工业;行业 14.belief n.看法,信念;信仰;相信,信心→believe v.相信;认为真实→believable adj.可信的→unbelievable adj.难以置信的 15.characterize vt.是…的特征,以…为典型;使…具有特点;描述,刻画→character n.特性;品质;符号;人物 → characteristic n.特点;特性;品质 adj.典型的;特有的 16.glorious adj.荣耀的,光荣的;壮丽的,辉煌的→glory n.光荣;荣誉;赞颂;壮丽→glorify vt.赞美;美化 17.stability n.稳定(性),稳固(性)→stable adj.稳定的;沉稳的→stably adv.稳定地 18.tolerant adj.宽容的,容忍的;能耐…的→tolerance n.宽容;容忍;忍耐力→tolerate vt.容忍;允许 19.liberty n.自由→liberate v.解放;使自由→liberation n.解放,摆脱 20.distinguish vt.& vi.成为…的特征,使有别于;区分,辨别;认出;使出众→distinguished adj.杰出的,卓越的,著名的;高贵的,受尊重的→distinguishable adj.易分辨的;可区分的 21.exaggeration n.夸张,夸大→exaggerate v.夸大,夸张 22.representative adj.典型的,有代表性的 n.典型人物,代表性人物;代表→represent vt.展现;展示;代表→representation n.描述;表现 23.fascinate vt.& vi.深深吸引,迷住→fascinated adj.极感兴趣的;入迷的→fascinating adj.迷人的→fascination n.魅力;极大的吸引力;入迷 24.unforgiving adj.棘手的;不饶人的,不宽容的→forgive v.(forgave,forgiven)原谅;宽恕 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The lake has __________ (freeze) completely overnight, and the __________ (freeze) wind makes it impossible to stand outside for long. 2. His remark __________ (imply) that the policy would soon change, and the __________ (imply) sparked heated debate among the staff. 3. The __________ (detect) carefully examined the scene and __________ (detect) a faint signal with a sophisticated __________ (detect). 4. The two reports __________ (contradict) each other, and the __________ (contradict) between them left the committee thoroughly confused. 5. The __________ (interpret) at the conference __________ (interpret) the speaker’s words so skillfully that her __________ (interpret) won widespread praise. 6. She listened __________ (patience) to every complaint, showing remarkable __________ (patience) even when some __________ (patience) were extremely rude. 7. Teaching is a highly __________ (reward) profession, and the emotional __________ (reward) often outweigh the financial ones. 8. He is __________ (constant) complaining about the noise, and his __________ (constant) complaints have annoyed everyone; we doubt the __________ (constancy) of his patience. 9. Her argument was __________ (logic) structured, and she reasoned __________ (logic) from premises to conclusion, displaying a solid grasp of __________ (logic). 10. He is __________ (real) optimistic about the project, but the __________ (real) is that his goals are simply not __________ (real). 11. She is a prolific __________ (novel) whose __________ (novel) are celebrated for their __________ (novel), each work offering something fresh. 12. __________ (ideal), we should strive for a society founded on shared __________ (ideal), but we must avoid being too __________ (ideal). 13. The __________ (industry) revolution led to rapid __________ (industry), and __________ (industry) nations soon dominated the global economy. 14. The story is so __________ (believe) that few people __________ (believe) it at first, yet his firm __________ (believe) never wavered. 15. The novel is __________ (character) by its complex __________ (character), each of whom possesses distinct __________ (character). 16. The soldiers returned in __________ (glory), and their __________ (glory) deeds were __________ (glory) in songs and stories for generations. 知识点2　核心单词知拼写 Unit 1 1.flavour (AmE flavor) n.味,味道;特点,特色vt.给…调味,加味于 2.dessert n.(饭后)甜点,甜食 3.link vt.联系,相关联;把…连接起来.联系,连接;关系,纽带;链接 4.native n.出生于某国(或某地)的人;本地人adj.出生地的;本地的;土著的;土产的 5.salty adj.咸的,含盐的 6.bond n.纽带,联系;连接,结合 7.digest vt.& vi.消化;领会,理解n.摘要,文摘 8.lower vt.降低,减少;把…放低,使…降下adj.下面的;在底部的;低洼的 9.enhance vt.提高,增强 10.boil vt.& vi.用沸水煮;(使)沸腾 11.scenery n.风景,景色;舞台布景 12.bet n.打赌,赌注;预计,估计 vi.& vt.(bet,bet)下赌注,打赌;敢说 13.atmosphere n.气氛,氛围;大气;气体;空气 14.version n.变体,变种;说法;版本 15.elderly adj.年纪较大的,上了年纪的 16.damp adj.潮湿的,湿气重的 17.dynasty n.朝,代;王朝 18.plain adj.朴素的,简单的;清楚的n.平原 19.slice n.薄片,片;部分,份额vt.把…切成片;切开,割破 20.chef n.主厨,厨师 21.property n.性质,特性;所有物,财产;不动产 22.estimate vt.估计,估价n.估计;估计的成本 23.essential adj.必不可少的;本质的,基本的 24.concept n.概念,观念 25.appetite n.食欲,胃口;强烈欲望 26.delicate adj.精致的,精细的,精密的;易损的,易碎的,脆弱的 27.steam vt.& vi.蒸;散发蒸汽n.水蒸气;蒸汽动力;水汽 28.wrapper n.(食品等的)包装材料,包装纸 29.edge n.边,边缘;刀口 30.apart adv.成碎片;分开;相隔 短文故事识记 在我家乡，有一位__________ （年纪较大的）__________（主厨），他是土生土长的 __________（本地人），家族传承可追溯至一个古老 __________（王朝）。他开了一家 __________（朴素的）小餐馆，坐落在 __________（潮湿的）河边，周围__________ （风景）如画，（气__________氛）温馨。他擅长用本地食材创造独特 __________（味道）的菜肴，尤其一道 （精致的）__________（蒸）鱼：先大火 __________（煮沸），再改小火 __________（蒸），出锅后 __________（切成薄片）成片，撒少许 __________（咸的）调料，用香草 __________（提高）风味。他的 __________（甜点）也备受欢迎，用 __________（包装纸）包裹甜馅，__________（边缘）捏出花纹。他说，食物是人与人之间最牢固的 __________（纽带），也是连接过去与现在的 __________（联系）。他常 __________（估计）调料用量，认为 __________（必不可少的）是保留食材本真的 __________（特性）。他的烹饪 __________（概念）简单：尊重食材，激发 __________（食欲）。他还会根据季节推出不同 __________（版本）的菜肴，甚至 __________（降低）盐分以适应 __________（年纪较大的）顾客。他喜欢与常客 __________（打赌），猜他们能否尝出秘方中的特殊 __________（味道）。尽管家人 __________（分开）各地，他仍坚守小店，因为他相信，好的食物让人 __________（消化）的不只是营养，更是情感与记忆。 Unit 2 1.deserve vt.值得,应得 2.pleasant adj.令人愉快的,可喜的;友好的,和善的 3.whisper vi.& vt.耳语,低语;私下说;沙沙作响n.低语;轻柔的声音;传言 4.weep vi.& vt.(wept,wept)哭泣,流泪 5.overcome vt.(overcame,overcome)受到…的极大影响;克服,解决;战胜 6.sorrow n. 悲伤,悲痛;伤心事 7.forever adv.永远;长久地;老是 8.folk adj.民间的,民俗的n.民间音乐;人们;各位;家人 9.tune n.曲调,曲子vt.调音;调频道;调整 10.rural adj.乡村的,农村的 11.guarantee vt.保证,担保;确保;为(产品)提供保修n.保证,担保;保修单 12.flow vi.流,流动;充满;涨起n.流,流动;连贯;涨潮 13.volume n.音量,响度;体积,容积,容量;量,额 14.stare vi.盯着看,凝视,注视n.盯,凝视,注视 15.grab vt.& vi.吸引;抓住;赶紧,抓紧 16.sweep vt.& vi.(swept,swept)席卷,横扫;打扫;吹走;清除n.打扫,清扫 17.stream vi.& vt.鱼贯而行,涌动;流,流动n.小溪;(人)流,(车)流 18.vast adj.大量的,辽阔的,巨大的 19.reputation n.名誉,名声 20.brilliant adj.聪颖的,技艺高的;巧妙的;很成功的;明亮的 21.extraordinary adj.不寻常的,非凡的;意想不到的,令人惊奇的 22.upset adj.难过的,失望的vt.(upset,upset)使烦恼;搅乱;打翻 23.abandon vt.中止,放弃,不再有;抛弃;舍弃 24.uplifting adj.令人振奋的,鼓舞人心的 25.genius n.天赋,天资;天才 26.variation n.变奏,变奏曲;变化,变更;变体,变种 27.chorus n.合唱曲;副歌;合唱团 28.grand adj.宏大的,宏伟的;壮丽的,堂皇的 短文故事识记 在我祖父的 __________（乡村的）村庄，有一位 __________（民间的）音乐家，他拥有__________ （非凡的）__________（天赋），能即兴创作 __________（巧妙的）__________（曲调）。年轻时，他常常在 __________（辽阔的）田野边独自演奏，音乐如溪水般 __________（流动），吸引了许多村民 __________（凝视）倾听。然而，当时村里人不懂他的 __________（变奏）和 __________（合唱曲），觉得这些旋律过于陌生，甚至有人 __________（低语）说他不务正业。这让他感到 __________（难过的），一度想要 __________（放弃）音乐。但他最终 __________（克服）了内心的 __________（悲伤），因为他相信自己的音乐 __________（值得）被听见。他继续调整 __________（音量），让每个音符都充满 __________（令人愉快的）情感。终于有一天，一位路过的音乐制作人被他的音乐 __________（吸引）了注意，深受打动，愿意 __________（保证）为他录制专辑。专辑发行后，他的音乐 __________（席卷）全国，人们如 __________（涌动）般涌向这个小村庄，只为听他现场演奏。他的 __________（名声）从此变得 __________（宏大的），甚至有人说他的音乐会 __________（永远）流传。每当他演奏那首 __________（令人振奋的）曲子时，许多听众会 __________（哭泣），因为旋律中的情感太过真挚。他常说，音乐是连接人心的桥梁，能让悲伤转化为力量。如今，他依然住在 __________（乡村的）村庄，继续创作，因为他知道，真正的艺术不需要华丽舞台，只需要一颗真诚的心。 Unit 3 1.landscape n.乡村风景画;风景,景色 2.wander vi.& vt.闲逛,漫步;走失;走神;蜿蜒曲折 3.gallery n.展览馆,画廊;长廊,走廊;楼上旁听席 4.decade n.十年,十年期 5.mostly adv.主要地,一般地 6.pond n.池塘,水池 7.strike vt.& vi.(struck,struck)突然想到;撞,碰;打;突击;罢工;划 (火柴)n.罢工;袭击;击,打 8.setting n.环境,背景;情节背景 9.display vt.陈列,展出;显示,表现n.陈列,展览;表现;展示 10.calling n.职业,事业;使命感 11.shade n.阴影部分;色度;阴凉处 12.wage vt.开始,发动n.(通常指按周领的)工资,工钱 13.campaign n.(宣传)活动,运动;战役vt.& vi.发起运动,参加活动 14.raw adj.未经加工的,自然状态的;生的,未烹制的 15.crop n.庄稼,作物;收成,产量 16.wind vi.& vt.(wound,wound)蜿蜒,迂回;上发条;缠绕 17.sail vi.& vt.(乘船)航行;起航;驾驶(船只);飘,掠n.帆;乘船航行 18.enormous adj.巨大的,庞大的 19.clothing n.衣服,服装 20.temple n.庙宇,寺院 21.overall adj.全面的,综合的adv.全部,总计;一般来说,大体上 22.soldier n.军人,士兵 23.crisis n.(pl.crises)危机,危急关头;危难时刻,病危期 24.decline n.衰退,衰落,减少,下降vi.& vt.减少,下降,衰退,衰落;谢绝 25.overthrow vt.(overthrew,overthrown)推翻,打倒n.推翻,打倒 26.rare adj.稀少的,罕见的;稀罕的,珍贵的 27.career n.经历,事业;生涯,职业 短文故事识记 在一个宁静的乡村，我 __________（漫步）在如画的 __________（风景）中，小路 __________（蜿蜒）穿过田野，远处有平静的 __________（池塘）。我偶然发现一座古老的 __________（庙宇），在 __________（阴凉处）下显得神秘。这个 __________（环境）深深 __________（突然想到）了我，让我意识到自己的 __________（使命）就是用画笔记录这些 __________（自然状态的）美景。此后 __________（十年），我 __________（主要地）在各地采风，画了 __________（巨大的）数量的作品，从农田 __________（庄稼）到远航 __________（航行）的船只。我的画作在 （画廊）（展出），赢得了 __________（全面的）好评，我的 __________（事业）似乎一帆风顺。 然而，国家陷入 __________（危机），经济 __________（衰退），人民生活困苦。我 __________（开始）了一场艺术 __________（运动），用画作揭露社会问题。许多 __________（士兵）也加入抗议，最终 __________（推翻）了腐败政权。这场变革虽然艰难，但带来了 __________（罕见的）希望。我继续创作，描绘新时代的 __________（风景），并给贫困者捐赠 __________（衣服）。如今，我的作品被视为历史的见证，而我始终铭记那个在 __________（庙宇）旁 __________（漫步）的下午。 Unit 4 1.grasp　n.理解,领会;抓紧,握紧,控制;能力所及vt.抓紧;领会,理解 2.complex adj.复杂的,难懂的n.建筑群;复合体;情结 3.clue n.线索,提示;迹象 4.cage vt.把(动物)关在笼中n.笼子 5.remote adj.偏远的,偏僻的;遥远的,久远的;远亲的 6.inner adj.内心的,隐藏的;里面的,内部的 7.perceive vt.注意到,意识到;将…理解为,将…视为 8.mist n.薄雾,水汽 9.undergo vt.(underwent,undergone)经历,经受 10.advocate vt.拥护,支持,提倡n.拥护者,支持者;辩护律师 11.era n.时代,年代 12.district n.区,行政区;地区,区域 13.bend vi.& vt. (bent,bent) (使)拐弯,弯曲n.拐弯,弯道 14.claim n.声明,宣称;所有权;索赔vt.宣称,声称;要求;索取;获得 15.sigh n.& vi.叹气,叹息 16.hence adv.因此,由此 17.dare vi.& vt.敢于,胆敢;激(某人做某事) 18.striking adj.引人注目的,显著的;妩媚动人的,标致的 19.encounter vt.偶然碰到,意外地遇见;遭遇,碰到n.相遇,遭遇,冲突 20.nourish vt.培养,助长;抚养,滋养 21.numerous adj.众多的,许多的 22.boom n.(贸易和经济活动的)激增,繁荣vi.迅速发展,激增,繁荣昌盛 23.vitality n.生命力,活力,热情 24.frost n.霜;霜冻,严寒天气 25.cast vt.(cast,cast)投射;向…投以(视线、笑容等);投,抛;选派角色n.全体演员;投,抛 26.owe vt.欠(情);欠(债) 27.debt n.人情债,情义,恩情;借款,欠款,债务 28.entitle vt.给…命名;使享有权利,使符合资格 29.blame vt.把…归咎于,责怪,指责n.责任,责备,指责 30.allowance n.津贴,补助;限额;零花钱 短文故事识记 在一个__________ （偏远的）__________（地区），一位年轻画家回到家乡。他 __________（领会）到家乡正面临 __________（复杂的）困境。清晨的 __________（薄雾）笼罩田野，他 __________（注意到）人们 __________（内心的）渴望改变。这个 __________（时代）城市经济 __________（繁荣），而乡村却 __________（经历）衰退。他决定 __________（倡导）一项文化复兴计划，尽管遇到 __________（众多的）质疑，他 __________（敢于）坚持。他 __________（宣称）找到了关键 __________（线索）——传统手工艺。在一条山路 __________（拐弯）处，他 __________（偶然碰到）一位老匠人，老匠人的故事 __________（滋养）了他的信念。他__________ （投射）目光向远方，__________（叹气）道：“我们 __________（欠）先辈一笔 __________（恩情）。”他 __________（给…命名）计划为“根”，并 __________（指责）过去对传统的忽视。他申请到一笔 __________（津贴），开始改造废弃的 __________（建筑群）。项目给村庄带来__________ （活力）。尽管冬季__________ （霜冻）严寒，工人们仍热情高涨。最终，__________（引人注目的）成果吸引了游客。__________（因此），村庄重获新生。人们不再觉得被传统 __________（笼子）束缚，而是将其作为骄傲。 考点二 unit 1~unit 4 阅读词汇 知识点1 阅读单词知词义 Unit 1 1.creamy adj.含奶油的;像奶油的,光滑细腻的;淡黄色的 2.saucer n.碟状物,茶碟,茶托 3.vinegar n.醋 4.sour adj.酸的,有酸味的;馊的vi.& vt.(使)变坏;变味,酸腐 5.calorie n.卡,卡路里;千卡 6.cycle n.循环;自行车,摩托车vi.骑自行车 7.fry vt.& vi.油炸,油煎 8.steak n.牛排;肉排,肉块 9.pan n.平锅,平底锅 10.buffet n.自助餐 11.bay n.(海或湖的)湾 12.filling n. (糕点等的)馅 13.flour n.面粉 14.layer n.层,表层;层次 15.cheese n.干酪,奶酪 16.cream n.奶油,乳脂;护肤霜 17.ingredient n.材料,成分;因素,要素 18.chilli (AmE chili) n.辣椒 19.pepper n.甜椒;胡椒粉 20.onion n.洋葱,葱头 21.sauce n.调味汁,酱 22.dim sum n.点心 23.gram n.克 24.cabbage n.甘蓝,卷心菜 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 1 A chef decided to prepare a special meal. He got on his __________ (cycle) and rode to the market near the __________ (bay). He bought a large __________ (cabbage), an __________ (onion), a __________ (chilli), and a __________ (pepper). He also picked up some __________ (flour), a bottle of __________ (vinegar), and a carton of __________ (cream). Back in the kitchen, he made a __________ (sauce) with a __________ (sour) taste. He heated a __________ (pan) to __________ (fry) a juicy __________ (steak). For the __________ (buffet), he prepared some __________ (dim sum) with a savoury __________ (filling). He was careful with every __________ (gram) of sugar. He added a __________ (layer) of __________ (creamy) __________ (cheese) to the dish. He poured the soup into a __________ (saucer) and paid attention to its __________ (calorie) count. Every __________ (ingredient) was fresh. Unit 2 1.Austrian　adj.奥地利的,奥地利人的 2.symphony n.交响乐,交响曲 3.concerto n.协奏曲 4.grave n.坟墓;死亡,去世adj.严重的;严肃的 5.blues n.(the blues)布鲁斯音乐,蓝调;忧郁,悲伤 6.lyric n.歌词;抒情诗adj.抒情的;吟唱的 7.heaven n.极乐之地 8.breeze n.微风,和风 9.jazz n.爵士乐 10.arch n.拱门;拱 11.invader n.武装入侵的军队(或国家),侵略者 12.solo n.独奏,独唱adj.独自的;独唱的,独奏的 13.spacecraft n.航天(飞行)器,宇宙飞船 14.solar adj.太阳的;太阳能的 15.accompany vt.陪同,陪伴;伴随,与…同时发生;为…伴奏 16.orchestra n.管弦乐队 17.rhythm n.节奏,韵律,律动;规律 Unit 2 An __________ (Austrian) composer wrote a famous __________ (symphony) and a brilliant __________ (concerto). He was deeply inspired by the gentle __________ (breeze) blowing through the ancient __________ (arch). He also loved __________ (jazz) and the __________ (blues), and he often wrote beautiful __________ (lyric) poems. One day, he visited the __________ (grave) of a national hero who had fought bravely against the __________ (invader). Standing there, he felt as if he were in __________ (heaven). Then he dreamed of a __________ (spacecraft) powered by __________ (solar) energy. In his dream, a __________ (solo) violin was accompanied by a full __________ (orchestra), and the __________ (rhythm) was so enchanting that it seemed to travel through space. Unit 3 1.portrait n.肖像,半身画像;详细的描述,描绘 2.canvas n.画布,油画;帆布 3.neighbourhood n.街区,城区;邻近的地方 4.like-minded adj.想法相同的,志趣相投的 5.brushwork n.(画家的)笔触,画法 6.pixel n.像素 7.toast n.吐司,烤面包片;干杯,祝酒 vt.为…干杯;烤;取暖 8.garlic n.蒜,大蒜 9.mushroom n.蘑菇 10.scroll n.长卷纸,卷轴 11.butcher n. 肉贩,屠夫 12.ink n.墨水,墨汁 13.perspective n.透视法;态度,观点;客观判断力;景观,远景 14.scale n.规模,范围;等级,级别;标度;比例 15.emperor n.皇帝 Unit 3 In a lively __________ (neighbourhood), there lived a __________ (like-minded) artist. Every day, he painted a __________ (portrait) on a large __________ (canvas) using traditional __________ (ink) and unique __________ (brushwork). He often adopted a special __________ (perspective) and adjusted the __________ (scale) to depict the story of an ancient __________ (emperor), unfolding the scene like a long __________ (scroll). Sometimes he also worked digitally, perfecting every __________ (pixel). After work, he would visit the __________ (butcher) to buy some meat, cook it with __________ (garlic) and __________ (mushroom), and enjoy a slice of __________ (toast). Unit 4 1.barren　adj.贫瘠的,不毛的;不结果实的 2.dimension n.方面,侧面;规模,程度;维 3.rhyme n.押韵词;押韵 vt.使押韵 vi.和…同韵 4.trill n.(鸟的)啼啭;颤音 vt.欢快地高声说 vi.发颤音 5.aside adv.到旁边,在旁边;留,存;除…以外 6.rigid adj.死板的,僵硬的;固执的,僵化的 7.diverge vi.分叉,岔开;分歧,相异;偏离 8.tread vi.& vt.(trod,trodden) 踩,踏;踩碎,践踏;行走,步行 9.dweller n.居民,居住者 10.Confucianism n.儒家,儒学,孔子学说 11.Taoism n.道教,道家 12.legend n.传说,传奇故事;传奇人物 13.unconstrained adj.不受约束的,自由的 14.metaphor n.暗喻,隐喻 15.triumph n.巨大成功,重大成就,伟大胜利vi.打败,战胜,成功 16.impostor n.冒名顶替者,冒名行骗者 Unit 4 In a __________ (barren) land, there lived a __________ (dweller). He followed both __________ (Confucianism) and __________ (Taoism), but his mind remained __________ (rigid). One day, he met a __________ (legend) who was completely __________ (unconstrained). The old man often spoke in __________ (rhyme) and used __________ (metaphor) to teach others. They walked along a path that began to __________ (diverge). The old man __________ (tread) softly on the grass and listened to a bird's __________ (trill). He pushed his worries __________ (aside) and exposed an __________ (impostor). This brought a great __________ (triumph) and opened a new __________ (dimension) for the villager. 知识点2 核心短语知辨析 Unit 1 1.lift one’s spirits使某人精神振奋 2.do the trick奏效,起作用,达到目的 3.take one’s time over sth慢慢做…,从容不迫地做… 4.in the broadest sense从最广义上说 5.vary from person to person因人而异 6.cry out for迫切需要 7.throw oneself into投身于,热衷于 8.out of this world好(或美等)得不得了,非凡,呱呱叫 9.let sth loose释放;放任 10.hit the spot使人满意,正合需要 11.fall apart破碎,破裂;崩溃 12.be without equal无与伦比 序号匹配 英文短语 选项（中文释义） 1—B 1. lift one’s spirits A. 使人满意，正合需要 2. do the trick B. 使某人精神振奋 3. take one’s time over sth C. 破碎，破裂；崩溃 4. in the broadest sense D. 投身于，热衷于 5. vary from person to person E. 迫切需要 6. cry out for F. 从最广义上说 7. throw oneself into G. 奏效，起作用，达到目的 8. out of this world H. 无与伦比 9. let sth loose I. 释放；放任 10. hit the spot J. 因人而异 11. fall apart K. 慢慢做…，从容不迫地做… 12. be without equal L. 好(或美等)得不得了，非凡，呱呱叫 Unit 2 1.a wide range of 各种各样的 2.tear apart 使(关系密切的人)分离,分开 3.rely on 依赖,依靠;信任 4.throw in 奉送,额外赠送 5.for good measure 作为额外增添 6.consist of 由…组成(或构成) 7.think highly of 高度赞扬 8.get down to (doing) sth 开始做某事,开始认真注意(或对待)某事  9.all of a sudden 突然,猛地 10.with ease 轻松地,不费力地 11.at ease 舒适,自在,不拘束 12.be rooted in 扎根于 13.be well received 大受好评 14.in a vast body of works 在大量的作品中 序号匹配 英文短语 选项（中文释义） 1. a wide range of A. 突然,猛地 2. tear apart B. 扎根于 3. rely on C. 轻松地,不费力地 4. throw in D. 使(关系密切的人)分离,分开 5. for good measure E. 由…组成(或构成) 6. consist of F. 奉送,额外赠送 7. think highly of G. 在大量的作品中 8. get down to (doing) sth H. 各种各样的 9. all of a sudden I. 依赖,依靠;信任 10. with ease J. 高度赞扬 11. at ease K. 开始做某事,开始认真注意(或对待)某事 12. be rooted in L. 舒适,自在,不拘束 13. be well received M. 作为额外增添 14. in a vast body of works N. 大受好评 Unit 3 1.as opposed to　(表示对比)而,相对于 2.be worthy of 值得 3.have a lasting influence on对…有持久的影响 4.all walks of life 各行各业,社会各界 5.go about sth 忙于做某事,继续做某事 6.be down to  由…引起(或造成) 7.in one’s own right 凭自身的资格(或努力) 8.speak volumes about 充分说明,清楚表明 9.lay eyes on 看见,注意到 10.make/leave the deepest impression on/upon sb给某人留下最深刻的印象 11.draw comfort from sth从…获得安慰 12.display a talent for painting 展示出绘画的天赋 序号匹配 英文短语 选项（中文释义） 1. as opposed to A. 值得 2. be worthy of B. 忙于做某事,继续做某事 3. have a lasting influence on C. 给某人留下最深刻的印象 4. all walks of life D. (表示对比)而,相对于 5. go about sth E. 充分说明,清楚表明 6. be down to F. 凭自身的资格(或努力) 7. in one’s own right G. 看见,注意到 8. speak volumes about H. 对…有持久的影响 9. lay eyes on I. 展示出绘画的天赋 10. make/leave the deepest impression on/upon sb J. 从…获得安慰 11. draw comfort from sth K. 由…引起(或造成) 12. display a talent for painting L. 各行各业,社会各界 Unit 4 1.hold to 坚持,不放弃;紧握,遵循 2.beyond one’s grasp 无法理解;力所不及 3.dig up 发现,搜集,查明 4.set sth aside 把…放一边;留出 5.break with sth 与某事终止关联,破除 6.have a huge impact on 对…有巨大的影响 7.distinguish...from... 把…与…区分开来 8.make allowance for 体谅;考虑到,估计到 9.owe to 归功于 10.lead sb to... 领某人到… 11.be deeply rooted in 深深扎根于 序号匹配 英文短语 选项（中文释义） 1. hold to A. 对…有巨大的影响 2. beyond one’s grasp B. 坚持,不放弃;紧握,遵循 3. dig up C. 领某人到… 4. set sth aside D. 体谅;考虑到,估计到 5. break with sth E. 发现,搜集,查明 6. have a huge impact on F. 把…放一边;留出 7. distinguish...from... G. 深深扎根于 8. make allowance for H. 无法理解;力所不及 9. owe to I. 归功于 10. lead sb to... J. 与某事终止关联,破除 11. be deeply rooted in K. 把…与…区分开来 一、 真题实战 1.（2023·全国甲卷·阅读理解C篇节选） A new study found that people who ate a handful of nuts each day had a lower risk of heart disease. The researchers estimated that replacing a daily serving of red meat with nuts could lower the risk by up to 20%. Nuts are rich in healthy fats, fibre and protein, which help absorb vitamins and digest food more efficiently. However, they are also high in calories, so moderation is key. … 1. What did the researchers find about eating nuts daily? A. It increases calorie intake too much. B. It can reduce the risk of heart disease. C. It helps digest red meat better. D. It provides more protein than meat. 【思维建模】本段核心词汇：estimate（估计）、lower（降低）、absorb（吸收）、digest（消化）、calorie （卡路里）、protein（蛋白质）。科普文中，研究结论常由“found that”引出，数字和比较级（lower, higher）是细节题命题热点。。 2. （2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解D篇节选） … Music and language share deep connections. Both possess a rhythm and melody that can accompany human emotions. Scientists have found that listening to music can overcome feelings of sadness and ease anxiety. In one experiment, participants who listened to folk music reported a pleasant mood boost, while those who heard blues showed more reflective states. The genius of great composers lies in their ability to transform simple notes into emotional experiences that flow across cultures. … 2. What does the experiment suggest about music? A. Folk music is more effective than blues. B. Different genres affect emotions differently. C. All music can overcome sadness equally. D. Melody is more important than rhythm. 【思维建模】本段核心词汇：possess（拥有）、rhythm（节奏）、melody（旋律）、accompany（伴随）、overcome（克服）、ease（缓解）、folk（民谣的）、blues（蓝调）、genius（天才）、transform（转变）、flow（流动）。对比实验类语篇中，不同条件（folk vs. blues）对应不同结果，是推理判断题的常见设问方式。 3. （2025·全国一卷·阅读理解B篇节选） In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A's, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who'd created these people, knew their subjects so well. But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: "Why is writing important?" Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn't strike them as important. This would have to change. As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. 3. What does the author realize about the students' first essay? A. The students were not interested in the topic. B. The students lacked writing skills. C. The question itself was the problem. D. The students were too lazy to write. 【思维建模】本语篇涉及Unit 2核心词汇 deserve（值得）、overcome（克服）、accompany（伴随）。记叙文中，作者的观点转变往往是命题重点，需关注“realized”“found”“thought”等表达认知变化的动词。 4. （2020·全国甲卷·阅读理解A篇节选） The Lake District Attractions Guide Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens History, Culture & Landscape (景观). Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and award-winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom. Open: 29 Mar - 29 Oct, Sun to Thurs. Tearoom, Gardens & Gift Shop: 10.30 - 17.00 (16.00 in Oct). House: 11.15 - 16.00 (15.00 in Oct). Town: Pooley Bridge & Penrith Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives. Open: Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays. 10.30 - 17.00 Summer. 10.30 - 16.00 Winter. Town: Kendal 4． What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum? A. Enjoy Romney's works. B. Have some interactive fun. C. Attend a famous festival. D. Learn the history of a family. 【思维建模】本语篇涉及Unit 3核心词汇：landscape（景观）、gallery（画廊）、display（展示）、collection（收藏品）、exhibition（展览）。应用文中，不同景点/场馆的特色信息常以平行结构呈现，解题时需准确定位题干关键词所在的段落，排除张冠李戴的干扰项。 5．（2026·全国二卷·完形填空节选） I was teaching poetry, encouraging students to write about their ___41. 41. A. medical B. artistic C. scientific D. literary 【思维建模】Unit 4核心词汇 poetry、rhythm（节奏）、imagery（意象）、contradict（矛盾）在完形填空中常通过上下文线索（如“poem”“verse”“rhyme”等）进行考查。解答时需把握语篇的文学主题，利用词汇复现和语义场进行推理。 2、 命题演练 一：单句提升语法填空 1． (receive) proper training before starting the job is essential for every new employee. 2．Our main goal is (raise) public awareness of wildlife protection. 3．It is important (develop) good reading habits in high school. 4． (solve) the environmental problem is a long-term challenge for the whole society. 5．The Wing Chun style is known for placing (emphasize) on technique rather than strength. 6．What we discovered is that it’s unwise to judge what you eat only by its (appear) . 7．Nut carving has different styles, (vary) significantly from northern to southern regions. 8．Coffee may cause sleep disturbance, especially when (consume) in large amounts or after 2 p.m. 9．He advocated that we should avoid some potential online dangers, not leak our own private information and pay attention to online (secure). 10．It (estimate) that two million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping. 11．Among the works that most (impress) the HCA jury (评审团) was the 2023 edition of Blazing City 1938. 12．The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and (complicate) review of the case. 13．Over the past few years, many solar farm developers (transform) the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. 14．So long as you keep trying, what seems to be a (distance) dream can become a reality. 15．The (gift) student shows a strong interest in exploring new knowledge. 16．It is (suit) for teenagers to take part in outdoor activities regularly. 17．We will provide psychological guidance for patients that were (depress) badly by the big disaster last year. 18．The training course that we take every semester (consist) of three parts: basic writing skills, video shooting tips and online communication rules. 19．Humanoid robots dressed in traditional costumes offer tour guidance and explanations, with visitors through poetry performances. (interact) 20．Zhangye is (strategic) located in the middle of the Hexi Corridor, where the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the Mongolian Plateau meet. 21．Besides hiking, camping enjoys great (popular) on the island. The lakesides are great camping (destination) with peaceful water and grassland scenery. 22．There will be varieties of artworks on display in the art (exhibit) to be held on Saturday. 23．Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still be (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 24． (strike) by the breathtaking natural scenery, most tourists stopped to take photos along the quiet mountain path. 25．To achieve this (ambition) goal, Chinese scientists must conduct extensive research before launching the rockets. 26．Advanced laboratory instruments (employ) to conduct comprehensive analyses, seeking to determine whether life ever existed … 27．This challenging job truly focuses on creative thinking, as (oppose) to simple hard work. 28．The book’s colorful (illustrate) shows a young boy riding his bike through a forest. 29．It is generally believed that a balanced diet (compose) of various nutrients is essential for good health. 30．The report (submit) by the research team offers valuable practical suggestions. 31．Those outdated statistical documents require (update) to match the present-day research standards. 32．It is no good (complain) about the result without taking action. 33．Much evidence suggests that the seafloors are (constant) moving, and continually being created and destroyed. 34．Transcribe Glass (distinguish) itself with its advanced functionality and user-friendliness. 35．China has a large number of global cultural heritage (遗产) sites (recognize) by UNESCO. 二：课内句式填空训练 1.I take my time over every spoonful, .(现在分词作伴随状语) 我细细品尝每一勺,让丝滑的甜点在我的口中轻轻转动,享受米糊和牛奶的完美融合。 2.If we grow up eating certain foods in our family,then those foods .(tend to do sth) 如果我们从小在家就吃某些特定的食物,这些食物就很容易与积极的情绪产生关联。 3.Nowadays,people eat salted duck all year round and tens of thousands of ducks are consumed every day in Nanjing!(it is+过去分词+that) 如今,人们一年四季都吃盐水鸭,据估计南京人每天要吃掉数万只鸭子! 4. ,Liang falls sick and dies.(形容词作状语) 梁山伯悲愤交加,染病而亡。 5.The tunes are easy to sing,and the lyrics often .(leave+宾语+宾语补足语) 乡村音乐的调子朗朗上口,歌词常常发人深省。 6. ,I appreciated masterpieces like The Ballet Class and The Card Players.(as引导时间状语从句) 漫步于印象派展馆,我欣赏着像《舞蹈课》和《玩纸牌者》这样的杰作。 7.It is amazing that , he brought the pond’s beauty to the canvas in a unique way.(every time引导时间状语从句) 令人赞叹的是,莫奈每次端详睡莲池这处简单的风景,都以独特的方式让它的美跃然于画布之上。 8. several later emperors even asked the most talented artists of their day to make copies of the scroll.(such置于句首引起的倒装) 这幅画价值如此之高,以至于后世有几位皇帝甚至命令当朝最有才华的画家来临摹这幅长卷。 9. or lets you perceive another level of meaning,it will have been worth your effort.(as long as引导条件状语从句) 只要读诗之旅能让你有所感悟,或者让你发现另一层含义,你的努力就是值得的。 10．Li Bai’s romantic style was also deeply rooted in the social and historical context .(“介词+which”引导定语从句) 李白的浪漫主义风格亦深植于他所处的社会历史环境中。 $第04讲 选择性必修第一册 词汇考点 目录 2 8 9 考点一 unit 1~unit 4 核心词汇 12 知识点1 核心单词知变形 12 知识点2　核心单词知拼写 22 考点二 unit 1~unit 4 阅读词汇 26 知识点1 阅读单词知词义 26 知识点2 核心短语知辨析 29 33 一、 真题实战 33 二、 命题演练 36 单元 核心词汇 阅读词汇 Unit 1 Food matters mood, combination, creamy, flavour, greedily, gently, dessert, association, vary, link, native, sour, bond, digest, lower, cycle, enhance, boil, fry, bet, elderly, bake, mild, loose, plain, estimate, stimulate, emphasis, steam, edge, relieve, security, generate, calorie, absorb recipe, buffet, filling, flour, sauce, slice, chef, concept, delicate, steam, appetitie, texture, refresh, consume, metabolism, ingredient, nutrition, protein, vitamin, mineral, fibre, organic, artificial, preserve, freeze, roast, chop, peel, blend, dough Unit 2 The universal language deserve, pleasant, whisper, weep, overcome, folk, surroundings, guarantee, flow unusual, grab, sweep, accompany, stream, brilliant, abandon, desperate, ease, genius, compose, drama, greet, suit, expect, predict, depress, possess, transform, forever, communist, defend, complicated, enthusiastic, vast, gifted, reputation Polish, rural, solar, recording, volume, handkerchief, chorus, grand, blues, solo, orchestra, lyric, melody, harmony, rhythm, composer, conductor, performance, audience, applause, emotion, passion, inspire, motivate, talented, masterpiece, album, release, concert, festival, instrument, sorrow, heaven, breeze Unit 3 The art of painting portrait, landscape, wander, gallery, decade, mostly, pond, canvas, neighbourhood, strike, setting, like-minded, liberation, opposed, dominate, employ, brushwork, realistic, essence, vivid, vision, display, worthy, calling, shade, bathe, wage, campaign, architecture, arrange, precise, enormous, structure, overall, crisis, decline, outstanding, rare, career scroll, insight, crop, civilian, butcher, ink, perspective, clothing, temple, critic, soldier, scale, emperor, brush, oil, watercolour, sketch frame, composition, exhibition, museum, collection, artist, painter, sculptor, scenery, countryside, expression, creativity, imagination, technique, style, trend, influence, inspiration, detail, shadow, light, colour, figure Unit 4 Exploring poetry imply, grasp, detect, complex, clue, aside, remote, inner, allow, perceive, ideal, rigid, constantly, undergo, advocate, claim, sigh, hence, dare, striking, encounter, numerous, glorious, boom, liberty, cast, owe, debt, fascinate, entitle, blame, reward, distinguish, poetry, poet, rhythm, imagery, contradict representative, diverge, undergrowth, grassy, novel, novelist, legend, nourish, impostor, metaphor, simile, exaggeration, unconstrained, allowance, tread, bend, stable, belief, detective, character, logic, dwell, industry, glory, verse, image, symbol, theme, tone, thought, expression, interpretation, comprehension, appreciation, insight, wisdom, reflection, inspiration, imagination Unit 1：Food matters 核心词汇考情： appetite：2026年全国I卷阅读B篇出现熟词生义考查——“the curiosity and the appetite”，本义为“食欲、胃口”，文中引申为“求知欲、渴望”。2022年天津卷完形中考查loss of appetite（食欲不振）。阅读中常与have an appetite for（对……有强烈欲望）搭配 plain：2026年全国I卷阅读C篇出现——“provide wildlife habitat along with just plain beauty”，本义为“平原”，文中考查熟词生义“纯粹的、简简单单的”。属于典型的“熟词生义”考点，考生需根据语境判断。 generate：2026年新课标II卷阅读D篇考查派生词——generate → regenerative。环保与能源类话题高频词，表“产生、生成”，常与energy / electricity / waste等搭配。语法填空常考generation / regenerative等派生形式。 preserve：2026年新课标II卷阅读B篇考查词性转换——preserve → preservation。2025年新课标I卷阅读中出现——“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.”；2025年全国甲卷亦考查。环保与文化保护类话题核心动词，常与protect / conserve辨析考查。 consume：2024年新课标II卷重点词汇中出现，完形/阅读中考查“消耗、消费”。常出现在环保（consume energy/resources）、经济（consumer / consumption）类话题中。语法填空常考consumption / consumer词性转换。 absorb：2026年全国I卷阅读C篇出现——“absorb carbon”；2023新高考Ⅱ卷语法填空考查absorbed。表“吸收”，熟词生义考“理解、消化”（2020新高考Ⅰ卷七选五）。语法填空常考absorbed（全神贯注的）。 阅读词汇考情 concept：2026年新课标II卷阅读C篇考查词性转换——concept → conception。阅读高频词，表“概念”，在科技、文化类阅读中高频出现（2023北京卷阅读D） nutrition：2024年全国甲卷七选五（健康饮食主题）中考查——“slow down and think about food as something nutritious”。健康饮食类话题核心名词，语法填空常考nutritious / nutritional词性转换 ingredient：2026年高考英语真题阅读中出现——“all the ingredients used were examples of meat cuts and produce”。饮食文化类阅读高频词，熟词生义可表“要素、组成部分”。 recipe：2026年新课标II卷阅读A篇饮食文化话题中出现。2023年天津高考阅读亦有考查。表“食谱”，熟词生义可表“秘诀、诀窍”。 protein：2018全国卷二阅读B、2025年真题七选五中考查。健康饮食类阅读高频词，表“蛋白质”，常在关于饮食营养的语篇中出现。 命题趋势： 熟词生义与饮食健康话题是2024—2026年高考英语的重要考查方向。 2026年全国I卷阅读B篇和C篇集中考查了appetite（食欲→求知欲）、plain（平原→纯粹的）等熟词生义；2026年新课标II卷阅读A篇以“The Best Chinese Restaurants Around D.C.”为话题，涉及饮食文化与休闲消费。词性转换方面，preserve/preservation、generate/regenerative、concept/conception等在2026年新课标II卷中集中出现。建议在教学中重点强化熟词生义的语境推断训练，以及consume/consumption/consumer、generate/generation/regenerative、nutrition/nutritious/nutritional等词性转换的专项练习。 Unit 2 The universal language 核心词汇考情： deserve：2022年新高考Ⅰ卷完形中考查——“Since you have practiced hard to prepare for this running race, you deserve (join) it,” I said to David.常考deserve to do（值得做某事）和deserve consideration/attention（值得考虑/关注）等搭配。完形中常与reserve（预订、保留）、preserve（保护）等形近词辨析考查。 transform：2020年全国Ⅲ卷语法填空考查transformation词性转换—As the small boat moved gently along the river, ...（该句所在语篇为2020年全国Ⅲ卷语法填空）。科技、社会发展类话题高频词，常考transform...into...搭配及名词形式transformation。 inspire：2024年新高考Ⅱ卷语法填空考查——“Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden.”艺术、文化类话题高频动词，常考 inspired（受启发的）作后置定语。此处inspire表“赋予灵感、受到启发”，而非“激励”。 motivate：2024年新课标Ⅰ卷完形首句——“I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievements all my life.”心理、成长类话题核心动词，语法填空常考motivated（有动力的）作形容词或过去分词。常与demotivated形成对比考查。 complicated：2024年新课标Ⅱ卷阅读D篇出现——“In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code that powers AI.”阅读中常考查词义理解complex构成同义替换，与simple形成反义对比。 accompany：高考语法填空高频考查非谓语动词形式。真题常考accompanied by（由……陪同）作状语，表被动关系。如：“The film star appeared, accompanied by a team of strong bodyguards.”阅读中常出现在人物活动描写语境，表“陪伴、伴随”。 阅读词汇考情： solar：2022年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读B篇（食物浪费）及2022年全国甲卷阅读（太阳能农场）中高频出现——“InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to 'low-impact' solar development”。环保与科技类阅读必考话题词，常与solar panels、solar farms、solar energy等搭配出现。 emotion：2021年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读D篇高频考查emotional intelligence（情商）——“Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional intelligence.”阅读中常考查emotional词性转换及词义理解。2026年新课标Ⅰ卷完形押题中亦出现“sound carries deep emotion”的搭配。 instrument：2020年全国Ⅰ卷语法填空考查——“Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e-4 to find and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.” rural：高考阅读中高频出现在医疗、社会服务类话题。2024年全国甲卷阅读说明文中出现——介绍医疗列车为俄罗斯rural（乡村的）populations提供基本医疗服务。常与urban形成对比。 concert：高考听力及阅读中多次出现——如2020年山东卷听力“Maybe we could get her a concert ticket”、听力材料中“There is a music concert in Victoria Park at 4 o'clock”。音乐、休闲类阅读常见词。 命题趋势： 音乐与文化、科技与社会变革是2020—2026年高考英语的重要考查方向。 2024年新高考Ⅱ卷语法填空以《牡丹亭》为背景考查inspire（inspired by The Peony Pavilion）；2024年新课标Ⅰ卷完形以个人成长为背景考查motivate/motivated；2021年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读D篇围绕emotional intelligence（情商）展开；2022年全国甲卷阅读以solar农场为主题。词性转换方面，transform/transformation、inspire/inspired、motivate/motivated、emotion/emotional等在真题中集中出现。建议在教学中重点强化非谓语动词（inspired by / accompanied by）的用法训练，以及transform/transformation、inspire/inspired/inspiration、emotion/emotional等词性转换的专项练习。 Unit 3：The art of painting 核心词汇考情： portrait：2022年6月浙江卷语法填空出现——John Olson, a former photographer, and his team render paintings into fully textured 3-D models, like this version of Vincent van Gogh‘s “Portrait of Dr. Gachet.”2022年全国乙卷阅读A篇介绍苏格兰画家Henry Raeburn时，同样涉及portrait一词（Scottish National Portrait Gallery）。阅读中常与paint / display搭配，语法填空需注意其与portray（描绘）的词源联系。 landscape：2023年新高考Ⅰ卷重点词汇总结中出现——landscape n.（陆上）风景，景色。2023年全国乙卷阅读中考查——“Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge”。2023年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读中亦有“bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam”。绘画与摄影类话题高频词，常与scenery构成同义替换。 gallery：2026年全国Ⅰ卷阅读D篇出现——“187 people were invited to visit Kettle’s Yard gallery during an exhibition of handmade clay objects”。2022年全国乙卷阅读A篇考查——“Scottish National Portrait Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public”。艺术文化类阅读高频词，常与exhibition / museum共现。 strike：2025年全国卷阅读B篇考查熟词生义——“Writing didn’t strike them as important”（他们并不觉得写作有多重要）。2024年福建高考英语试题中考查非谓语动词——Struck by the beauty of the scenery, the tourists took lots of pictures。熟词生义高频词，本义“撞击、罢工”，常考“突然想到、给……印象”等引申义，语法填空常考struck（过去分词）作状语。 display：2021年天津卷单项填空考查——“Some of the world’s heaviest pumpkins were on public display at the Bronx Botanical Gardens”。2014年北京卷阅读D考查——“the products displayed at the entrance”。常考on display（展出）搭配及displayed作后置定语。完形中常与exhibit / show辨析考查。 exhibition：2022年全国乙卷阅读A篇开篇出现——“The Exhibition. This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland’s best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London.”。艺术文化类阅读高频词，常与gallery / museum / masterpiece共现。语法填空常考其动词形式exhibit（展出）。 阅读词汇考情： masterpiece：2022年全国乙卷阅读A篇出现——"This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn"。艺术类阅读高频词，常在展览、艺术家介绍类语篇中出现。 insight：高考阅读高频词，表“洞察力、见解”。2021年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读D篇涉及insight与emotional intelligence的关联。阅读中常考查词义理解，完形中常与understanding / perception辨析。 perspective：高考阅读高频词，表“视角、透视法”（绘画术语）及“观点、看法”（引申义）。常在艺术评论、观点类阅读中出现。熟词生义考查中，需注意其在绘画语境中指“透视法”。 composition：高考阅读高频词，表“构成、构图”（绘画术语）及“作文、作品”。语法填空常考compose（组成、创作）及其派生词composition / composer。2015年全国卷阅读中考查compose的动词用法。 inspiration：高考阅读高频词，表“灵感”。常在艺术创作、人物故事类阅读中出现。语法填空常考inspire / inspired / inspiring / inspiration词性转换。2024年新高考Ⅱ卷语法填空考查inspired（受……启发）。 technique：高考阅读高频词，表“技巧、技法”。常在艺术、体育、科技类阅读中出现。2022年全国乙卷阅读A篇介绍Raeburn绘画风格时涉及technique相关表达。完形中常与skill / method辨析考查。 命题趋势： 艺术与文化是2022—2026年高考英语的重要考查方向。 2022年全国乙卷阅读A篇以苏格兰画家Henry Raeburn展览为主题，集中考查了exhibition、masterpiece、portrait、gallery等艺术类词汇；2026年全国Ⅰ卷阅读D篇以剑桥大学Kettle’s Yard画廊艺术展为主题，考查gallery在真实语篇中的理解；2023年全国乙卷阅读以风景摄影师为主题考查landscape；2025年全国卷阅读考查strike的熟词生义；2024年新高考Ⅱ卷语法填空考查inspire的派生形式。词性转换方面，exhibit/exhibition、compose/composition/composer、inspire/inspiration/inspired等在真题中集中出现。建议在教学中重点强化艺术类话题词汇（portrait/landscape/gallery/exhibition/masterpiece）的语境理解，以及熟词生义（strike：撞击→突然想到）的推断训练。 Unit 4： Exploring poetry 核心词汇考情： poetry：2026年全国二卷完形填空出现——“I was teaching poetry, encouraging students to write about their dreams.”2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解A篇“POETRY CHALLENGE”中同样出现，要求考生写一首关于勇气、决心和力量的诗歌。诗歌鉴赏类话题核心名词，常在文学教育、创意写作类语篇中出现。 imply：高考阅读理解推理判断题高频题干词。常与infer、indicate、suggest等词并列出现在题干中，如“What does the author imply in the last paragraph?”。imply侧重“主动暗示”，infer侧重“被动推断”，是阅读理解推理判断题的高频关联词。 grasp：2018年全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解七选五中出现——“A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in.”表“理解、领会”，常与understanding构成同义替换。完形中常考其本义“抓紧”与引申义“理解”的辨析。 distinguish：2023年北京卷阅读理解中出现——“It's difficult to distinguish this painting from the original one without professional knowledge.”常考distinguish A from B（区分A与B）搭配。语法填空常考distinguished（著名的、卓越的）作形容词，如be distinguished as（作为……而出名）。 complex：高考阅读高频词，表“复杂的”。2025年全国二卷阅读C篇中出现——“Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.”（句中涉及complex相关的长难句分析）。完形中常与complicated构成同义替换。 claim：高考阅读高频词，表“声称、主张”。常在议论文、观点类阅读中出现，常考claim that（声称……）和make a claim（提出主张）等搭配。完形中常与declare、state等词辨析考查。 阅读词汇考情： insight：高考阅读高频词，表“洞察力、见解”。2021年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读D篇涉及insight与emotional intelligence的关联。阅读中常考查词义理解，完形中常与understanding / perception辨析。 theme：高考阅读高频词，表“主题”。常在文学评论、艺术作品分析类阅读中出现。2024年全国甲卷阅读D篇涉及不同类型的文学作品结局的特点及写作方法。语法填空常考thematic（主题的）等派生形式。 tone：高考阅读高频词，表“语气、基调”。常在文学作品分析、人物对话描写类阅读中出现，完形中常考查词义理解。熟词生义中需注意其在音乐语境中指“音调”。 interpretation：高考阅读高频词，表“解读、阐释”。常在艺术评论、文学分析类阅读中出现。语法填空常考interpret（解读、口译）及其派生词interpretation / interpreter。 comprehension：高考阅读高频词，表“理解、理解力”。常在教育、阅读策略类阅读中出现。常考reading comprehension（阅读理解）搭配。语法填空常考comprehend（理解）及其派生形式。 reflection：高考阅读高频词，表“反映、反思”。常在个人成长、教育类阅读中出现。语法填空常考reflect（反映、反思）及其派生词reflection / reflective。写作中reflect on（反思）为高分表达。 命题趋势： 文学与诗歌、阅读理解策略是2020—2026年高考英语的重要考查方向。 2026年全国二卷完形填空以诗歌教学为背景，讲述教师鼓励学生写诗追梦的故事；2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解A篇“POETRY CHALLENGE”以诗歌创作比赛为题材；2024年全国甲卷阅读D篇涉及不同类型的文学作品结局的特点。推理判断题中，imply、infer等词高频出现在题干中；词性转换方面，distinguish/distinguished、reflect/reflection/reflective、interpret/interpretation等在真题中时有出现。建议在教学中重点强化阅读理解推理判断题的解题训练（imply/infer/indicate等题干词的识别），以及distinguish/distinguished、reflect/reflection、interpret/interpretation等词性转换的专项练习。 考点一 unit 1-unit 4 核心词汇 知识点1 核心单词知变形 【高考导航】 1. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷语法填空) Chinese cultural elements commemorating Tang Xianzu, who is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 纪念汤显祖的中国文化元素——他被誉为“亚洲的莎士比亚”——为威廉·莎士比亚的故乡斯特拉特福德 增添了国际色彩。 2. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷语法填空) Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers. 埃德蒙森说，这些文化元素提升了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，漫步在故居花园的游客常常惊讶地发现这两位伟大作家之间的联系。 3. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷完形填空) Each town has its own traditional dish, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. 每个小镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都有一份代代相传的菜谱。 4. (2025·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读B篇) In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. 去年在我九年级的写作课上，我遇到了一个拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一个要求儿子各科都得A的严厉父亲，还有一个因父母拒绝她年轻时的爱情而心碎而死的现代版朱丽叶。 5. (2025·全国Ⅰ卷完形填空) This left the house still stuffed with things that, while not particularly valuable, didn’t belong in a landfill. 这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该被扔进垃圾填埋场的东西。 6. (2026·全国Ⅰ卷阅读B篇) Ultimately, it’s not about the words themselves or how we learn them, but the wanting to know them, the curiosity and the appetite for knowledge. 归根结底，重要的不是单词本身，也不是我们如何学习它们，而是求知的欲望、好奇心与求知欲。 7. (2026·全国Ⅱ卷完形填空) Then came an afternoon that changed everything. I was teaching poetry, encouraging students to write about their dreams. 后来有一天下午，一切都变了。当时我在教诗歌，鼓励学生写下他们的梦想。 Unit 1 1.mood n.情绪,心情;气氛,氛围→moody adj.情绪多变的,喜怒无常的 2.combination n.结合体,联合体;联合,混合→ combine vt.& vi.(使)融合;(使)结合;(使)混合;兼做;合并 3.greedily adv.贪婪地,贪心地→ greedy adj. 贪婪的;贪吃的;渴望的 4.gently adv.轻柔地,温和地→ gentle adj. 温柔的;温和的;文雅的→ gentleness n.温顺;温柔;亲切 5.association n.联想,联系;协会,社团;联合,交往→ associate v.联想;联系→associated adj.有关的;相关的 6.vary vi.(根据情况)变化,变更;相异,不同 vt.变更,改变→ various adj.多样的,各种各样的→ variety n.多样化;不同种类;变化;变种,变体→variation n.变化,变更;变奏曲;变体,变异,变种 7.emotion n.情感,强烈的感情,激情,情绪→emotional adj.情绪的;易激动的;有感染力的 8.relieve vt.解除,减轻;缓和,缓解→ relieved adj.感到宽慰的;放心的→relief n.宽慰;解脱;(焦虑、痛苦等的)减轻;缓和 9.security n.安全;保护措施;保安部门;担保,保证→ secure adj.安全的;可靠的;牢固的v.使安全;保卫;获得 → [反义词] insecure adj.不安全的 10.generate vt.产生,引起→ generation n.产生;一代;一辈 11.impress vt.& vi.使钦佩,给…留下深刻印象;使意识到→ impression n.印象→ impressive adj.给人深刻印象的;令人赞叹的 → impressed adj.(对…)赞叹,钦佩,有深刻的好印象 12.bake vt.& vi.烘烤;烤硬→bakery n.面包(糕饼)店→bakern.面包店老板 13.adorable adj.可爱的,讨人喜爱的→ adore v.喜欢;热爱 14.mild adj.不浓的,淡味的;暖和的;温和的;不严重的→mildness n.温和;温暖 15.bitter adj.味苦的;激烈的;令人难过的;严寒的→ bitterness n.苦味;苦难;怨恨 → bitterly adv.难过地;愤怒地;极其 16.loose adj.不受约束的;未固定牢的;零散的;宽松的;疏松的→ loosen v.放松;使松开→loosely adv.宽松地,松散地;不精确地→[反义词] tight adj.紧的 17.foggy adj.有雾的,雾茫茫的→fog n.雾 18.expand vt.& vi.增加,扩大;扩展,发展(业务);详谈,详述→ expansion n.扩大;扩张;扩充;膨胀;增加 19.multiple adj.数量多的,多样的→ multiply v.繁殖;增加;乘 20.appropriate adj.合适的→ appropriately adv.合适地 →[反义词] inappropriate adj.不恰当的;不合适的→[近义词] proper adj.合适的 21.consume vt.吃,喝,饮;消耗,耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)→ consumption n.消费;消耗(量)→ consumer n.消费者 22.innovation n.创造,创新;新思想,新方法→ innovate v.创造;创新→ innovative adj.有创造性的;创新的→[近义词] creation n.创造;创新 23.stimulate vt.促进,激发;刺激,使兴奋→ stimulation n.刺激;促进 24.emphasis n.强调,重视;重读→ emphasize v.强调 →[复数]emphases 25.mixture n.混合物;混合,结合→mix vt.(使)混合,掺和,融合;调配,配制;相容,相协调→mixed adj.混合的,混杂的 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. His frequent ________________ changes and ________________ behavior make him difficult to get along with. (mood) 2. The ________________ of traditional and modern elements has ________________ to create a unique architectural style. (combine) 3. He looked at the cake ________________ and became even ________________ when he saw the dessert menu. (greedy) 4. She spoke with such ________________ and touched the wound ________________ that the child soon stopped crying. (gentle) 5. This color is often ________________ with calmness, and its ________________ with nature has been widely used in advertising. (associate) 6. The region offers a wide ________________ of activities, and the landscape is so ________________ that it attracts tourists with ________________ interests. (vary) 7. She became highly ________________ during the farewell speech, and her voice trembled ________________ as she spoke of her family. (emotion) 8. To his great ________________, the new medicine brought instant ________________, and he felt visibly ________________ within minutes. (relieve) 9. They installed extra cameras to improve ________________, because many residents had previously felt ________________ walking home after dark. (secure) 10. The new power station has ________________ enough clean energy for a whole ________________, and it will benefit future ________________. (generate) 11. Her presentation was highly ________________ and left a lasting ________________ on the panel, who were deeply ________________ by her original ideas. (impress) 12. The ________________ bread from the local ________________ attracted customers from all over the city. (bake) 13. The puppy is so ________________ that it is ________________ by everyone in the family, especially the children who have a deep ________________ for it. (adore) 14. The ________________ of the coastal climate makes the winters much ________________ than those in the northern mountains. (mild) 15. She cried ________________ over the ________________ of the past, unable to forget the ________________ memory. (bitter) 16. He ________________ his tie and wore it ________________ around his neck, giving himself a more relaxed look. (loose) 【答案】1.moody; moods 2. combination; combined 3.greedily; greedier 4. gentleness; gently 5. associated; association 6. variety; varied; various 7. emotional; emotionally 8. relief; relief; relieved 9. security; insecure 10. generated; generation; generations 11.impressive; impression; impressed 12. baked; bakery 13. adorable; adored; adoration 14. mildness; milder 15. bitterly; bitterness; bitter 16. loosened; loosely Unit 2 1.composer n.作曲家,作曲者 →compose vt.& vi.作曲;组成;撰写;使镇静→composition n.成分;组成;(音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品;作文 2.dramatic adj.激动人心的,引人注目的;突然的; 戏剧的;夸张的 →drama n.戏剧;戏剧性事件→dramatically adv.戏剧性地 3.transform vi.& vt.(使)变形,(使)改观,(使)转化 →transformation n.变化,转变,改革 4.combine vt.& vi.(使)融合;(使)结合,(使)混合;兼做;合并→ combined adj.结合的,联合的 5.surroundings n.周围,环境 → surround vt.围绕;环绕;包围;与…紧密相关→surrounding adj.周围的;附近的 6.adaptation n.改编本,改写本;适应 → adapt vt.& vi.使适应;适应(新情况);改编→adaptable adj.有适应能力的 7.communist adj.共产主义的 n.共产主义者 → communism n.共产主义;共产主义制度 8.defend vt.& vi.保护,防御;辩白,辩解 → defence n.防御;保护;防御物;防御能力;辩解;辩护;后卫 9.greet vt.问候,欢迎,招呼 → greeting n.问候;招呼;迎接;致意 10.suitable adj.合适的,适宜的,适当的,适用的 →suit vt.对(某人)方便;满足(某人)需要;合(某人)心意;合身;适合 n.西服;西装;套装→suited adj 合适;适宜 11.recording n.录音,视频;录制;记录,记载 → record n.记录;唱片;纪录 vt.& vi.记录;记载;录制 12.distant adj.遥远的,远处的,久远的;冷淡的;远亲的 → distance n.距离;远方;(空间的)遥远;疏远;(时间的)久远,间隔 13.breath n.呼吸的空气;一次吸入的空气;微量,迹象→ breathe v.呼吸;呼出;散发(某种感情或品质)→breathless adj.喘不过来气的;停止呼吸的 14.unusual adj.特别的,不寻常的;独特的,与众不同的 →usual adj.通常的 → usually adv.通常地;一般地 15.complicated adj.复杂的,难懂的 →complicate vt.使复杂化 16.expectation n.希望,盼望;预料,预期;期望,指望→expect vt.预料;预期;预计;期望;指望 vi.猜想;认为;料想→unexpected adj.出乎意料的 17.remarkable adj.非凡的,奇异的,显著的,引人注目的 → remark vt.& vi.谈论;评论 18.enthusiastic adj.热情的,热心的→enthusiasm n.热情;热心;热衷的事物 19.gifted adj.有才华的,有天赋的 → gift n.礼物;天赋;才能vt.赠送;白给 20.prediction n.预言,预测 →predict vt.预言;预告 →predictable adj.可预料的 21.depress vt.使抑郁,使沮丧;使萧条,使不景气 → depression n.抑郁;沮丧;萧条期;(经济)衰退;不景气 → depressed adj.抑郁的;沮丧的;不景气的;萧条的;经济困难的 22.possess vt.具有(特质);拥有;支配,控制→ possession n.具有;拥有;个人财产 → possessive adj.占有欲强的 23.desperate adj.绝望的;不惜冒险的;极其需要的;极严重的 → desperation n.绝望,拼命 → desperately adv. 极度地;拼命地;绝望地;不顾一切地 24.ease n.容易,轻易;舒适,安逸 vi.& vt.(使)宽慰,减轻 → easeful adj.舒适的;安逸的 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Not until the renowned _____________ (compose) had spent a decade ___________ (compose) this symphony did its intricate ___________ (compose) finally gain recognition. 2. ___________ (drama), the seemingly minor incident escalated into a __________ (drama) event, turning the whole affair into a real-life ___________ (drama). 3. The abandoned industrial site, ____________ (transform) into a vibrant cultural center, has undergone a remarkable ____________ (transform) that few had anticipated. 4. The ___________ (combine) of innovative teaching methods with traditional ones, when ____________ (combine) with students’ active engagement, has produced surprisingly positive outcomes. 5. ___________ (surround) by breathtaking scenery, the remote village, whose peaceful _____________ (surround) are largely unspoiled, attracts nature lovers from afar. 6. The critically acclaimed film was ___________ (adapt) from the bestselling novel, and the screenwriter’s skillful _____________ (adapt) was praised for remaining faithful while also being highly ____________ (adapt). 7. A lifelong ______________ (communist), he firmly believed that the principles of __________ (communist) would eventually bring equality to all. 8. The soldiers, determined to fight in ___________ (defend) of their homeland, built a __________ (defend) barrier that proved impenetrable. 9. Upon entering the hall, the distinguished guests were warmly ___________ (greet) by the host, whose gracious __________ (greet) set a friendly tone for the evening. 10. Although the job seemed ___________ (suit) for her qualifications, she wondered whether the company culture would be __________ (suit) to her personality as well. 11. The band has __________ (record) three albums to date, and their latest ___________ (record), which won multiple awards, has broken all previous sales records. 12. Having grown increasingly ___________ (distant) over the years, they now find the emotional __________ (distant) between them almost impossible to bridge. 13. After the grueling climb, she was completely _______ (breath) and ________ (breath) heavily for several minutes. 14. He ___________ (usual) arrives punctually, but on that particular morning he was ___________ (usual) late, an ____________ (usual) occurrence that sparked concern. 15. The unexpected resignation of the manager further __________ (complicate) an already ____________ (complicate) situation, adding yet another ___________ (complicate) to the negotiations. 16. Contrary to all ____________ (expect), the team delivered an __________ (expect) victory, one that nobody had ____________ (expect) possible. 【答案】 1. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. composer; composing; composition 3. Dramatically; dramatic; drama 4. transformed; transformation 5. combination; combined 6. Surrounded; surroundings 7. adapted; adaptation; adaptable 8. communist; communism 9. defence; defensive 10. greeted; greeting 11. suitable; suited 12. recorded; recording 13. more distant; distance 14. breathless; breathed 15. usually; unusually; unusual 16. complicated; complicated; complication 17. expectations; unexpected; expected Unit 3 1.liberation n.解放,摆脱→liberate v.解放;使自由→liberated adj.无拘无束的;思想解放的 2.opposed adj.截然不同的;强烈反对的→oppose vt.反对;与…对抗→opposition n.反对,对手→opposite adj.相反的;对面的prep.在…对面;与…相对→opposing adj.对抗的;相反的 3.dominate vt.& vi.在…中具有最重要(或明显)的特色;支配,控制;占有优势;俯视→domination n.控制;支配→dominant adj.占主导地位的 4.employ vt.运用,使用;雇用→employment n.职业;雇用;使用→employer n.雇主→employee n.雇员 5.realistic adj.逼真的,栩栩如生的;现实的,实际的;明智的→realise vt.实现;认识到→reality n.现实,实际情况;事实,实际经历→[反义词]unrealistic adj.不现实的 6.essence n.本质,精髓;香精,精油→essential adj.基本的;必不可少的→essentially adv.本质上;根本上 7.vivid adj.鲜明的,耀眼的;生动的→vividness n.生动,活泼,明亮→vividly adv.生动地 8.vision n.远见卓识;视力,视野;想象→visionary adj.有远见卓识的→visional adj.虚幻的;视力的;梦幻般的 9.worthy adj.值得(或应得)…的;值得尊敬的,值得注意的→worth n.价值;意义→worthless adj.无价值的,不值钱的→worthwhile adj.有价值的 10.bathe vt.以(光线)洒满,覆盖,使沐浴(在光线里);用水清洗→bath n.沐浴 11.architecture n.建筑设计,建筑风格;建筑学→architect n.建筑师→architectural adj.建筑学的;建筑方面的 12.arrange vt.& vi.整理,布置;安排,筹备→arrangement n.安排,筹备 13.insight n.洞悉,了解;洞察力,领悟→insightful adj.有深刻了解的;富有洞察力的 14.civilian n.平民,老百姓,庶民→civil adj.平民的;国家的;民事的→civilization n.文明;文明社会→civilized adj. 文明的;开化的 15.apparent adj.显而易见,明白易懂,显然→apparently adv.显然地 16.precise adj.细致的,精细的;准确的,精确的;恰好的→precision n.精确→precisely adv.精确地;恰好 17.ambitious adj.宏大的,艰巨的;有野心的,有雄心的→ambition n.野心,雄心,抱负→ambitiously adv.雄心勃勃地 18.comprehensive adj.全面的,详尽的;综合性的→comprehension n.理解(力) 19.structure n.建筑物;结构,构造;精心组织→structural adj.结构上的→structurally adv.在结构上 20.critic n.批评家,评论家;批评者,挑剔的人→critical adj.批评的;决定性的→critically adv.批判地→criticize vt.批评;评论→criticism n.批评;苛求 21.inspection n.检查,查看,审视;视察→inspect v.检查,视察→inspector n.检查员 22.expose vt.揭露,揭穿;暴露,显露;使遭受;使接触→exposure n.暴露;揭露→exposed adj.暴露的,无遮掩的 23.political adj.政治的,政府的,政权的;政党的,党派的→politics n.政治学,政治活动→politically adv.政治上地 24.outstanding adj.优秀的,杰出的;突出的,明显的→outstand v.突出,超过→outstandingly adv.非常 25.exhibition n.展览,展出→exhibit v.展览;展出 26.historic adj.历史上著名的;有史时期的→history n.历史→historian n.历史学家→historical adj.(有关)历史的;有关历史研究的;历史学的→historically adv.历史上地 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. __________ (oppose) to the proposal as they were, the committee members eventually adopted a stance that was in direct __________ (oppose) to their initial position. 2. __________ (dominate) by a few tech giants, the market has witnessed a __________ (dominate) shift that has alarmed regulators. 3. __________ (employ) innovative strategies, the company has not only increased its __________ (employ) but also improved the relationship between __________ (employ) and __________ (employ). 4. Although his initial goal seemed __________ (realistic) to most investors, he eventually __________ (realise) it, proving that __________ (realistic) is often a matter of perspective. 5. It is __________ (essence) to grasp the __________ (essence) of the theory, which is __________ (essence) a reformulation of earlier ideas. 6. The travel writer describes the landscape with such __________ (vivid) that readers feel they are __________ (vivid) experiencing the journey themselves. 7. Had it not been for the __________ (vision) leadership of the founder, the company would never have developed such a clear __________ (vision) for the future. 8. The charity project is __________ (worthy) of support, and every minute spent on it has proved __________ (worthwhile), unlike those __________ (worth) schemes that waste resources. 9. Designed by a visionary __________ (architecture), the museum is celebrated for its bold __________ (architecture), and its __________ (architecture) innovation has inspired countless students. 10. __________ (arrange) the conference down to the last detail, she ensured that every __________ (arrange) was in place, from the seating chart to the catering. 11. Her research provided a deep __________ (insight) into consumer behavior, and her __________ (insight) analysis was widely quoted in industry reports. 12. It became increasingly __________ (apparent) that the strategy was failing, and __________ (apparent), no one was willing to take responsibility for the crisis. 13. The experiment requires __________ (precise) measurements, and even the slightest error can undermine the __________ (precise) of the results, which must be recorded __________ (precise). 14. The team pursued their goal with great __________ (ambitious), working __________ (ambitious) day and night, and their efforts eventually paid off. 15. The report covers the topic __________ (comprehensive), and its depth greatly improves readers’ __________ (comprehensive) of the subject. 16. The film received harsh __________ (critic) from reviewers, who __________ (critic) the director for his lack of originality, but some viewers were __________ (critic) of the negative reviews, arguing that the film was actually innovative. 【答案】 1. 2. Opposed; opposition 3. Dominated; dominant 4. Employing; employment; employers; employees 5. unrealistic; realised; reality 6. essential; essence; essentially 7. vividness; vividly 8. visionary; vision 9. worthy; worthwhile; worthless 10. architect; architecture; architectural 11. Arranging; arrangement 12. insight; insightful 13. apparent; apparently 14. precise; precision; precisely 15. ambition; ambitiously 16. comprehensively; comprehension 17. criticism; criticized; critical Unit 4 1.frozen adj.结冰的,冰封的;冷冻的;冻僵的→freeze v.(使)冻结;冰冻→freezing adj.冰冻的;极冷的 2.imply vt.含有…的意思,暗示,暗指→implication n.含义;暗示;影响 3.detect vt.发现,查明,侦察出→detection n.探测;侦查→detector n.探测器→detective n.侦探 4.contradictory adj.相互矛盾的,对立的→contradict vt.& vi.反驳;与…相矛盾,相反→contradiction n.矛盾 5.interpret vt.解释,阐释;把…理解为,领会;演绎vi.口译→interpreter n.口译译员→interpretation n.解释;理解 6.patience n.耐心,忍耐力→patient adj.有耐心的 n.病人→patiently adv. 有耐心地 7.reward vt.奖励,奖赏 n.奖励,回报;悬赏金→rewarding adj.报酬高的;值得做的,有益的 8.constantly adv.始终,一直→constant adj.连续发生的,重复的→constancy n.坚定不移;恒久不变 9.logical adj.符合逻辑的;必然的,合乎情理的→logic n.逻辑→logically adv.合乎逻辑地 10.reality n.现实,实际情况;事实,实际经历→real adj.真正的;真的;真实的→really adv.真正地,真实地 11.novelist n.小说家→novel n.(长篇)小说 adj.新奇的→novelty n.新颖,新奇性;新奇的事物(或人、环境) 12.ideal n.理想;典范 adj.完美的,理想的→ideally adv.理想地;合适地→idealism n.唯心主义;理想主义→idealistic adj.理想主义的;空想的 13.industrialization n.工业化→industrialize v.(使国家或地区)工业化→industrialized adj.工业化的→industrial adj.工业的→industry n.工业;行业 14.belief n.看法,信念;信仰;相信,信心→believe v.相信;认为真实→believable adj.可信的→unbelievable adj.难以置信的 15.characterize vt.是…的特征,以…为典型;使…具有特点;描述,刻画→character n.特性;品质;符号;人物 → characteristic n.特点;特性;品质 adj.典型的;特有的 16.glorious adj.荣耀的,光荣的;壮丽的,辉煌的→glory n.光荣;荣誉;赞颂;壮丽→glorify vt.赞美;美化 17.stability n.稳定(性),稳固(性)→stable adj.稳定的;沉稳的→stably adv.稳定地 18.tolerant adj.宽容的,容忍的;能耐…的→tolerance n.宽容;容忍;忍耐力→tolerate vt.容忍;允许 19.liberty n.自由→liberate v.解放;使自由→liberation n.解放,摆脱 20.distinguish vt.& vi.成为…的特征,使有别于;区分,辨别;认出;使出众→distinguished adj.杰出的,卓越的,著名的;高贵的,受尊重的→distinguishable adj.易分辨的;可区分的 21.exaggeration n.夸张,夸大→exaggerate v.夸大,夸张 22.representative adj.典型的,有代表性的 n.典型人物,代表性人物;代表→represent vt.展现;展示;代表→representation n.描述;表现 23.fascinate vt.& vi.深深吸引,迷住→fascinated adj.极感兴趣的;入迷的→fascinating adj.迷人的→fascination n.魅力;极大的吸引力;入迷 24.unforgiving adj.棘手的;不饶人的,不宽容的→forgive v.(forgave,forgiven)原谅;宽恕 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The lake has __________ (freeze) completely overnight, and the __________ (freeze) wind makes it impossible to stand outside for long. 2. His remark __________ (imply) that the policy would soon change, and the __________ (imply) sparked heated debate among the staff. 3. The __________ (detect) carefully examined the scene and __________ (detect) a faint signal with a sophisticated __________ (detect). 4. The two reports __________ (contradict) each other, and the __________ (contradict) between them left the committee thoroughly confused. 5. The __________ (interpret) at the conference __________ (interpret) the speaker’s words so skillfully that her __________ (interpret) won widespread praise. 6. She listened __________ (patience) to every complaint, showing remarkable __________ (patience) even when some __________ (patience) were extremely rude. 7. Teaching is a highly __________ (reward) profession, and the emotional __________ (reward) often outweigh the financial ones. 8. He is __________ (constant) complaining about the noise, and his __________ (constant) complaints have annoyed everyone; we doubt the __________ (constancy) of his patience. 9. Her argument was __________ (logic) structured, and she reasoned __________ (logic) from premises to conclusion, displaying a solid grasp of __________ (logic). 10. He is __________ (real) optimistic about the project, but the __________ (real) is that his goals are simply not __________ (real). 11. She is a prolific __________ (novel) whose __________ (novel) are celebrated for their __________ (novel), each work offering something fresh. 12. __________ (ideal), we should strive for a society founded on shared __________ (ideal), but we must avoid being too __________ (ideal). 13. The __________ (industry) revolution led to rapid __________ (industry), and __________ (industry) nations soon dominated the global economy. 14. The story is so __________ (believe) that few people __________ (believe) it at first, yet his firm __________ (believe) never wavered. 15. The novel is __________ (character) by its complex __________ (character), each of whom possesses distinct __________ (character). 16. The soldiers returned in __________ (glory), and their __________ (glory) deeds were __________ (glory) in songs and stories for generations. 【答案】 1. 2. frozen; freezing 3. implied; implication 4. detective; detected; detector 5. contradicted; contradiction 6. interpreter; interpreted; interpretation 7. patiently; patience; patients 8. rewarding; rewards 9. constantly; constant; constancy 10. logically; logically; logic 11. really; reality; realistic 12. novelist; novels; novelty 13. Ideally; ideals; idealistic 14. industrial; industrialization; industrialized 15. unbelievable; believed; belief 16. characterized; characters; characteristics 17. glory; glorious; glorified 知识点2　核心单词知拼写 Unit 1 1.flavour (AmE flavor) n.味,味道;特点,特色vt.给…调味,加味于 2.dessert n.(饭后)甜点,甜食 3.link vt.联系,相关联;把…连接起来.联系,连接;关系,纽带;链接 4.native n.出生于某国(或某地)的人;本地人adj.出生地的;本地的;土著的;土产的 5.salty adj.咸的,含盐的 6.bond n.纽带,联系;连接,结合 7.digest vt.& vi.消化;领会,理解n.摘要,文摘 8.lower vt.降低,减少;把…放低,使…降下adj.下面的;在底部的;低洼的 9.enhance vt.提高,增强 10.boil vt.& vi.用沸水煮;(使)沸腾 11.scenery n.风景,景色;舞台布景 12.bet n.打赌,赌注;预计,估计 vi.& vt.(bet,bet)下赌注,打赌;敢说 13.atmosphere n.气氛,氛围;大气;气体;空气 14.version n.变体,变种;说法;版本 15.elderly adj.年纪较大的,上了年纪的 16.damp adj.潮湿的,湿气重的 17.dynasty n.朝,代;王朝 18.plain adj.朴素的,简单的;清楚的n.平原 19.slice n.薄片,片;部分,份额vt.把…切成片;切开,割破 20.chef n.主厨,厨师 21.property n.性质,特性;所有物,财产;不动产 22.estimate vt.估计,估价n.估计;估计的成本 23.essential adj.必不可少的;本质的,基本的 24.concept n.概念,观念 25.appetite n.食欲,胃口;强烈欲望 26.delicate adj.精致的,精细的,精密的;易损的,易碎的,脆弱的 27.steam vt.& vi.蒸;散发蒸汽n.水蒸气;蒸汽动力;水汽 28.wrapper n.(食品等的)包装材料,包装纸 29.edge n.边,边缘;刀口 30.apart adv.成碎片;分开;相隔 短文故事识记 在我家乡，有一位 elderly（年纪较大的）chef（主厨），他是土生土长的 native（本地人），家族传承可追溯至一个古老 dynasty（王朝）。他开了一家 plain（朴素的）小餐馆，坐落在 damp（潮湿的）河边，周围 scenery（风景）如画，atmosphere（气氛）温馨。他擅长用本地食材创造独特 flavour（味道）的菜肴，尤其一道 delicate（精致的）steam（蒸）鱼：先大火 boil（煮沸），再改小火 steam（蒸），出锅后 slice（切成薄片）成片，撒少许 salty（咸的）调料，用香草 enhance（提高）风味。他的 dessert（甜点）也备受欢迎，用 wrapper（包装纸）包裹甜馅，edge（边缘）捏出花纹。他说，食物是人与人之间最牢固的 bond（纽带），也是连接过去与现在的 link（联系）。他常 estimate（估计）调料用量，认为 essential（必不可少的）是保留食材本真的 property（特性）。他的烹饪 concept（概念）简单：尊重食材，激发 appetite（食欲）。他还会根据季节推出不同 version（版本）的菜肴，甚至 lower（降低）盐分以适应 elderly（年纪较大的）顾客。他喜欢与常客 bet（打赌），猜他们能否尝出秘方中的特殊 flavour（味道）。尽管家人 apart（分开）各地，他仍坚守小店，因为他相信，好的食物让人 digest（消化）的不只是营养，更是情感与记忆。 Unit 2 1.deserve vt.值得,应得 2.pleasant adj.令人愉快的,可喜的;友好的,和善的 3.whisper vi.& vt.耳语,低语;私下说;沙沙作响n.低语;轻柔的声音;传言 4.weep vi.& vt.(wept,wept)哭泣,流泪 5.overcome vt.(overcame,overcome)受到…的极大影响;克服,解决;战胜 6.sorrow n. 悲伤,悲痛;伤心事 7.forever adv.永远;长久地;老是 8.folk adj.民间的,民俗的n.民间音乐;人们;各位;家人 9.tune n.曲调,曲子vt.调音;调频道;调整 10.rural adj.乡村的,农村的 11.guarantee vt.保证,担保;确保;为(产品)提供保修n.保证,担保;保修单 12.flow vi.流,流动;充满;涨起n.流,流动;连贯;涨潮 13.volume n.音量,响度;体积,容积,容量;量,额 14.stare vi.盯着看,凝视,注视n.盯,凝视,注视 15.grab vt.& vi.吸引;抓住;赶紧,抓紧 16.sweep vt.& vi.(swept,swept)席卷,横扫;打扫;吹走;清除n.打扫,清扫 17.stream vi.& vt.鱼贯而行,涌动;流,流动n.小溪;(人)流,(车)流 18.vast adj.大量的,辽阔的,巨大的 19.reputation n.名誉,名声 20.brilliant adj.聪颖的,技艺高的;巧妙的;很成功的;明亮的 21.extraordinary adj.不寻常的,非凡的;意想不到的,令人惊奇的 22.upset adj.难过的,失望的vt.(upset,upset)使烦恼;搅乱;打翻 23.abandon vt.中止,放弃,不再有;抛弃;舍弃 24.uplifting adj.令人振奋的,鼓舞人心的 25.genius n.天赋,天资;天才 26.variation n.变奏,变奏曲;变化,变更;变体,变种 27.chorus n.合唱曲;副歌;合唱团 28.grand adj.宏大的,宏伟的;壮丽的,堂皇的 短文故事识记 在我祖父的 rural（乡村的）村庄，有一位 folk（民间的）音乐家，他拥有 extraordinary（非凡的）genius（天赋），能即兴创作 brilliant（巧妙的）tune（曲调）。年轻时，他常常在 vast（辽阔的）田野边独自演奏，音乐如溪水般 flow（流动），吸引了许多村民 stare（凝视）倾听。然而，当时村里人不懂他的 variation（变奏）和 chorus（合唱曲），觉得这些旋律过于陌生，甚至有人 whisper（低语）说他不务正业。这让他感到 upset（难过的），一度想要 abandon（放弃）音乐。但他最终 overcome（克服）了内心的 sorrow（悲伤），因为他相信自己的音乐 deserve（值得）被听见。他继续调整 volume（音量），让每个音符都充满 pleasant（令人愉快的）情感。终于有一天，一位路过的音乐制作人被他的音乐 grab（吸引）了注意，深受打动，愿意 guarantee（保证）为他录制专辑。专辑发行后，他的音乐 sweep（席卷）全国，人们如 stream（涌动）般涌向这个小村庄，只为听他现场演奏。他的 reputation（名声）从此变得 grand（宏大的），甚至有人说他的音乐会 forever（永远）流传。每当他演奏那首 uplifting（令人振奋的）曲子时，许多听众会 weep（哭泣），因为旋律中的情感太过真挚。他常说，音乐是连接人心的桥梁，能让悲伤转化为力量。如今，他依然住在 rural（乡村的）村庄，继续创作，因为他知道，真正的艺术不需要华丽舞台，只需要一颗真诚的心。 Unit 3 1.landscape n.乡村风景画;风景,景色 2.wander vi.& vt.闲逛,漫步;走失;走神;蜿蜒曲折 3.gallery n.展览馆,画廊;长廊,走廊;楼上旁听席 4.decade n.十年,十年期 5.mostly adv.主要地,一般地 6.pond n.池塘,水池 7.strike vt.& vi.(struck,struck)突然想到;撞,碰;打;突击;罢工;划 (火柴)n.罢工;袭击;击,打 8.setting n.环境,背景;情节背景 9.display vt.陈列,展出;显示,表现n.陈列,展览;表现;展示 10.calling n.职业,事业;使命感 11.shade n.阴影部分;色度;阴凉处 12.wage vt.开始,发动n.(通常指按周领的)工资,工钱 13.campaign n.(宣传)活动,运动;战役vt.& vi.发起运动,参加活动 14.raw adj.未经加工的,自然状态的;生的,未烹制的 15.crop n.庄稼,作物;收成,产量 16.wind vi.& vt.(wound,wound)蜿蜒,迂回;上发条;缠绕 17.sail vi.& vt.(乘船)航行;起航;驾驶(船只);飘,掠n.帆;乘船航行 18.enormous adj.巨大的,庞大的 19.clothing n.衣服,服装 20.temple n.庙宇,寺院 21.overall adj.全面的,综合的adv.全部,总计;一般来说,大体上 22.soldier n.军人,士兵 23.crisis n.(pl.crises)危机,危急关头;危难时刻,病危期 24.decline n.衰退,衰落,减少,下降vi.& vt.减少,下降,衰退,衰落;谢绝 25.overthrow vt.(overthrew,overthrown)推翻,打倒n.推翻,打倒 26.rare adj.稀少的,罕见的;稀罕的,珍贵的 27.career n.经历,事业;生涯,职业 短文故事识记 在一个宁静的乡村，我 wander（漫步）在如画的 landscape（风景）中，小路 wind（蜿蜒）穿过田野，远处有平静的 pond（池塘）。我偶然发现一座古老的 temple（庙宇），在 shade（阴凉处）下显得神秘。这个 setting（环境）深深 strike（突然想到）了我，让我意识到自己的 calling（使命）就是用画笔记录这些 raw（自然状态的）美景。此后 decade（十年），我 mostly（主要地）在各地采风，画了 enormous（巨大的）数量的作品，从农田 crop（庄稼）到远航 sail（航行）的船只。我的画作在 gallery（画廊）display（展出），赢得了 overall（全面的）好评，我的 career（事业）似乎一帆风顺。 然而，国家陷入 crisis（危机），经济 decline（衰退），人民生活困苦。我 wage（开始）了一场艺术 campaign（运动），用画作揭露社会问题。许多 soldier（士兵）也加入抗议，最终 overthrow（推翻）了腐败政权。这场变革虽然艰难，但带来了 rare（罕见的）希望。我继续创作，描绘新时代的 landscape（风景），并给贫困者捐赠 clothing（衣服）。如今，我的作品被视为历史的见证，而我始终铭记那个在 temple（庙宇）旁 wander（漫步）的下午。 Unit 4 1.grasp　n.理解,领会;抓紧,握紧,控制;能力所及vt.抓紧;领会,理解 2.complex adj.复杂的,难懂的n.建筑群;复合体;情结 3.clue n.线索,提示;迹象 4.cage vt.把(动物)关在笼中n.笼子 5.remote adj.偏远的,偏僻的;遥远的,久远的;远亲的 6.inner adj.内心的,隐藏的;里面的,内部的 7.perceive vt.注意到,意识到;将…理解为,将…视为 8.mist n.薄雾,水汽 9.undergo vt.(underwent,undergone)经历,经受 10.advocate vt.拥护,支持,提倡n.拥护者,支持者;辩护律师 11.era n.时代,年代 12.district n.区,行政区;地区,区域 13.bend vi.& vt. (bent,bent) (使)拐弯,弯曲n.拐弯,弯道 14.claim n.声明,宣称;所有权;索赔vt.宣称,声称;要求;索取;获得 15.sigh n.& vi.叹气,叹息 16.hence adv.因此,由此 17.dare vi.& vt.敢于,胆敢;激(某人做某事) 18.striking adj.引人注目的,显著的;妩媚动人的,标致的 19.encounter vt.偶然碰到,意外地遇见;遭遇,碰到n.相遇,遭遇,冲突 20.nourish vt.培养,助长;抚养,滋养 21.numerous adj.众多的,许多的 22.boom n.(贸易和经济活动的)激增,繁荣vi.迅速发展,激增,繁荣昌盛 23.vitality n.生命力,活力,热情 24.frost n.霜;霜冻,严寒天气 25.cast vt.(cast,cast)投射;向…投以(视线、笑容等);投,抛;选派角色n.全体演员;投,抛 26.owe vt.欠(情);欠(债) 27.debt n.人情债,情义,恩情;借款,欠款,债务 28.entitle vt.给…命名;使享有权利,使符合资格 29.blame vt.把…归咎于,责怪,指责n.责任,责备,指责 30.allowance n.津贴,补助;限额;零花钱 短文故事识记 在一个remote（偏远的）district（地区），一位年轻画家回到家乡。他grasp（领会）到家乡正面临complex（复杂的）困境。清晨的mist（薄雾）笼罩田野，他perceive（注意到）人们inner（内心的）渴望改变。这个era（时代）城市经济boom（繁荣），而乡村却undergo（经历）衰退。他决定advocate（倡导）一项文化复兴计划，尽管遇到numerous（众多的）质疑，他dare（敢于）坚持。他claim（宣称）找到了关键clue（线索）——传统手工艺。在一条山路bend（拐弯）处，他encounter（偶然碰到）一位老匠人，老匠人的故事nourish（滋养）了他的信念。他cast（投射）目光向远方，sigh（叹气）道：“我们owe（欠）先辈一笔debt（恩情）。”他entitle（给…命名）计划为“根”，并blame（指责）过去对传统的忽视。他申请到一笔allowance（津贴），开始改造废弃的complex（建筑群）。项目给村庄带来vitality（活力）。尽管冬季frost（霜冻）严寒，工人们仍热情高涨。最终，striking（引人注目的）成果吸引了游客。hence（因此），村庄重获新生。人们不再觉得被传统cage（笼子）束缚，而是将其作为骄傲。 考点二 unit 1~unit 4 阅读词汇 知识点1 阅读单词知词义 Unit 1 1.creamy adj.含奶油的;像奶油的,光滑细腻的;淡黄色的 2.saucer n.碟状物,茶碟,茶托 3.vinegar n.醋 4.sour adj.酸的,有酸味的;馊的vi.& vt.(使)变坏;变味,酸腐 5.calorie n.卡,卡路里;千卡 6.cycle n.循环;自行车,摩托车vi.骑自行车 7.fry vt.& vi.油炸,油煎 8.steak n.牛排;肉排,肉块 9.pan n.平锅,平底锅 10.buffet n.自助餐 11.bay n.(海或湖的)湾 12.filling n. (糕点等的)馅 13.flour n.面粉 14.layer n.层,表层;层次 15.cheese n.干酪,奶酪 16.cream n.奶油,乳脂;护肤霜 17.ingredient n.材料,成分;因素,要素 18.chilli (AmE chili) n.辣椒 19.pepper n.甜椒;胡椒粉 20.onion n.洋葱,葱头 21.sauce n.调味汁,酱 22.dim sum n.点心 23.gram n.克 24.cabbage n.甘蓝,卷心菜 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 1 A chef decided to prepare a special meal. He got on his __________ (cycle) and rode to the market near the __________ (bay). He bought a large __________ (cabbage), an __________ (onion), a __________ (chilli), and a __________ (pepper). He also picked up some __________ (flour), a bottle of __________ (vinegar), and a carton of __________ (cream). Back in the kitchen, he made a __________ (sauce) with a __________ (sour) taste. He heated a __________ (pan) to __________ (fry) a juicy __________ (steak). For the __________ (buffet), he prepared some __________ (dim sum) with a savoury __________ (filling). He was careful with every __________ (gram) of sugar. He added a __________ (layer) of __________ (creamy) __________ (cheese) to the dish. He poured the soup into a __________ (saucer) and paid attention to its __________ (calorie) count. Every __________ (ingredient) was fresh. 【答案】cycle 自行车；bay 海湾；cabbage 卷心菜；onion 洋葱；chilli 辣椒；pepper 甜椒；flour 面粉；vinegar 醋；cream 奶油；sauce 调味汁；sour 酸的；pan 平底锅；fry 油炸；steak 牛排；buffet 自助餐；dim sum 点心；filling 馅；gram 克；layer 层；creamy 含奶油的；cheese 奶酪；saucer 茶碟；calorie 卡路里；ingredient 成分 Unit 2 1.Austrian　adj.奥地利的,奥地利人的 2.symphony n.交响乐,交响曲 3.concerto n.协奏曲 4.grave n.坟墓;死亡,去世adj.严重的;严肃的 5.blues n.(the blues)布鲁斯音乐,蓝调;忧郁,悲伤 6.lyric n.歌词;抒情诗adj.抒情的;吟唱的 7.heaven n.极乐之地 8.breeze n.微风,和风 9.jazz n.爵士乐 10.arch n.拱门;拱 11.invader n.武装入侵的军队(或国家),侵略者 12.solo n.独奏,独唱adj.独自的;独唱的,独奏的 13.spacecraft n.航天(飞行)器,宇宙飞船 14.solar adj.太阳的;太阳能的 15.accompany vt.陪同,陪伴;伴随,与…同时发生;为…伴奏 16.orchestra n.管弦乐队 17.rhythm n.节奏,韵律,律动;规律 Unit 2 An __________ (Austrian) composer wrote a famous __________ (symphony) and a brilliant __________ (concerto). He was deeply inspired by the gentle __________ (breeze) blowing through the ancient __________ (arch). He also loved __________ (jazz) and the __________ (blues), and he often wrote beautiful __________ (lyric) poems. One day, he visited the __________ (grave) of a national hero who had fought bravely against the __________ (invader). Standing there, he felt as if he were in __________ (heaven). Then he dreamed of a __________ (spacecraft) powered by __________ (solar) energy. In his dream, a __________ (solo) violin was accompanied by a full __________ (orchestra), and the __________ (rhythm) was so enchanting that it seemed to travel through space. 【答案】 Austrian 奥地利的；symphony 交响乐；concerto 协奏曲；breeze 微风；arch 拱门；jazz 爵士乐；blues 布鲁斯音乐；lyric 抒情的；grave 坟墓；invader 侵略者；heaven 极乐之地；spacecraft 宇宙飞船；solar 太阳的；solo 独奏；orchestra 管弦乐队；rhythm 节奏 Unit 3 1.portrait n.肖像,半身画像;详细的描述,描绘 2.canvas n.画布,油画;帆布 3.neighbourhood n.街区,城区;邻近的地方 4.like-minded adj.想法相同的,志趣相投的 5.brushwork n.(画家的)笔触,画法 6.pixel n.像素 7.toast n.吐司,烤面包片;干杯,祝酒 vt.为…干杯;烤;取暖 8.garlic n.蒜,大蒜 9.mushroom n.蘑菇 10.scroll n.长卷纸,卷轴 11.butcher n. 肉贩,屠夫 12.ink n.墨水,墨汁 13.perspective n.透视法;态度,观点;客观判断力;景观,远景 14.scale n.规模,范围;等级,级别;标度;比例 15.emperor n.皇帝 Unit 3 In a lively __________ (neighbourhood), there lived a __________ (like-minded) artist. Every day, he painted a __________ (portrait) on a large __________ (canvas) using traditional __________ (ink) and unique __________ (brushwork). He often adopted a special __________ (perspective) and adjusted the __________ (scale) to depict the story of an ancient __________ (emperor), unfolding the scene like a long __________ (scroll). Sometimes he also worked digitally, perfecting every __________ (pixel). After work, he would visit the __________ (butcher) to buy some meat, cook it with __________ (garlic) and __________ (mushroom), and enjoy a slice of __________ (toast). 【答案】 neighbourhood 街区；like-minded 志趣相投的；portrait 肖像；canvas 画布；ink 墨水；brushwork 笔触；perspective 透视法；scale 比例；emperor 皇帝；scroll 卷轴；pixel 像素；butcher 肉贩；garlic 大蒜；mushroom 蘑菇；toast 吐司 Unit 4 1.barren　adj.贫瘠的,不毛的;不结果实的 2.dimension n.方面,侧面;规模,程度;维 3.rhyme n.押韵词;押韵 vt.使押韵 vi.和…同韵 4.trill n.(鸟的)啼啭;颤音 vt.欢快地高声说 vi.发颤音 5.aside adv.到旁边,在旁边;留,存;除…以外 6.rigid adj.死板的,僵硬的;固执的,僵化的 7.diverge vi.分叉,岔开;分歧,相异;偏离 8.tread vi.& vt.(trod,trodden) 踩,踏;踩碎,践踏;行走,步行 9.dweller n.居民,居住者 10.Confucianism n.儒家,儒学,孔子学说 11.Taoism n.道教,道家 12.legend n.传说,传奇故事;传奇人物 13.unconstrained adj.不受约束的,自由的 14.metaphor n.暗喻,隐喻 15.triumph n.巨大成功,重大成就,伟大胜利vi.打败,战胜,成功 16.impostor n.冒名顶替者,冒名行骗者 Unit 4 In a __________ (barren) land, there lived a __________ (dweller). He followed both __________ (Confucianism) and __________ (Taoism), but his mind remained __________ (rigid). One day, he met a __________ (legend) who was completely __________ (unconstrained). The old man often spoke in __________ (rhyme) and used __________ (metaphor) to teach others. They walked along a path that began to __________ (diverge). The old man __________ (tread) softly on the grass and listened to a bird's __________ (trill). He pushed his worries __________ (aside) and exposed an __________ (impostor). This brought a great __________ (triumph) and opened a new __________ (dimension) for the villager. 【答案】 barren 贫瘠的；dweller 居民；Confucianism 儒家；Taoism 道家；rigid 僵化的；legend 传奇人物；unconstrained 不受约束的；rhyme 押韵；metaphor 隐喻；diverge 分岔；tread 踩；trill 啼啭；aside 到旁边；impostor 冒名顶替者；triumph 胜利；dimension 维度 知识点2 核心短语知辨析 Unit 1 1.lift one’s spirits使某人精神振奋 2.do the trick奏效,起作用,达到目的 3.take one’s time over sth慢慢做…,从容不迫地做… 4.in the broadest sense从最广义上说 5.vary from person to person因人而异 6.cry out for迫切需要 7.throw oneself into投身于,热衷于 8.out of this world好(或美等)得不得了,非凡,呱呱叫 9.let sth loose释放;放任 10.hit the spot使人满意,正合需要 11.fall apart破碎,破裂;崩溃 12.be without equal无与伦比 序号匹配 英文短语 选项（中文释义） 1—B 1. lift one’s spirits A. 使人满意，正合需要 2. do the trick B. 使某人精神振奋 3. take one’s time over sth C. 破碎，破裂；崩溃 4. in the broadest sense D. 投身于，热衷于 5. vary from person to person E. 迫切需要 6. cry out for F. 从最广义上说 7. throw oneself into G. 奏效，起作用，达到目的 8. out of this world H. 无与伦比 9. let sth loose I. 释放；放任 10. hit the spot J. 因人而异 11. fall apart K. 慢慢做…，从容不迫地做… 12. be without equal L. 好(或美等)得不得了，非凡，呱呱叫 答案：1-B, 2-G, 3-K, 4-F, 5-J, 6-E, 7-D, 8-L, 9-I, 10-A, 11-C, 12-H Unit 2 1.a wide range of 各种各样的 2.tear apart 使(关系密切的人)分离,分开 3.rely on 依赖,依靠;信任 4.throw in 奉送,额外赠送 5.for good measure 作为额外增添 6.consist of 由…组成(或构成) 7.think highly of 高度赞扬 8.get down to (doing) sth 开始做某事,开始认真注意(或对待)某事  9.all of a sudden 突然,猛地 10.with ease 轻松地,不费力地 11.at ease 舒适,自在,不拘束 12.be rooted in 扎根于 13.be well received 大受好评 14.in a vast body of works 在大量的作品中 序号匹配 英文短语 选项（中文释义） 1. a wide range of A. 突然,猛地 2. tear apart B. 扎根于 3. rely on C. 轻松地,不费力地 4. throw in D. 使(关系密切的人)分离,分开 5. for good measure E. 由…组成(或构成) 6. consist of F. 奉送,额外赠送 7. think highly of G. 在大量的作品中 8. get down to (doing) sth H. 各种各样的 9. all of a sudden I. 依赖,依靠;信任 10. with ease J. 高度赞扬 11. at ease K. 开始做某事,开始认真注意(或对待)某事 12. be rooted in L. 舒适,自在,不拘束 13. be well received M. 作为额外增添 14. in a vast body of works N. 大受好评 答案： 1-H, 2-D, 3-I, 4-F, 5-M, 6-E, 7-J, 8-K, 9-A, 10-C, 11-L, 12-B, 13-N, 14-G Unit 3 1.as opposed to　(表示对比)而,相对于 2.be worthy of 值得 3.have a lasting influence on对…有持久的影响 4.all walks of life 各行各业,社会各界 5.go about sth 忙于做某事,继续做某事 6.be down to  由…引起(或造成) 7.in one’s own right 凭自身的资格(或努力) 8.speak volumes about 充分说明,清楚表明 9.lay eyes on 看见,注意到 10.make/leave the deepest impression on/upon sb给某人留下最深刻的印象 11.draw comfort from sth从…获得安慰 12.display a talent for painting 展示出绘画的天赋 序号匹配 英文短语 选项（中文释义） 1. as opposed to A. 值得 2. be worthy of B. 忙于做某事,继续做某事 3. have a lasting influence on C. 给某人留下最深刻的印象 4. all walks of life D. (表示对比)而,相对于 5. go about sth E. 充分说明,清楚表明 6. be down to F. 凭自身的资格(或努力) 7. in one’s own right G. 看见,注意到 8. speak volumes about H. 对…有持久的影响 9. lay eyes on I. 展示出绘画的天赋 10. make/leave the deepest impression on/upon sb J. 从…获得安慰 11. draw comfort from sth K. 由…引起(或造成) 12. display a talent for painting L. 各行各业,社会各界 答案： 1-D, 2-A, 3-H, 4-L, 5-B, 6-K, 7-F, 8-E, 9-G, 10-C, 11-J, 12-I Unit 4 1.hold to 坚持,不放弃;紧握,遵循 2.beyond one’s grasp 无法理解;力所不及 3.dig up 发现,搜集,查明 4.set sth aside 把…放一边;留出 5.break with sth 与某事终止关联,破除 6.have a huge impact on 对…有巨大的影响 7.distinguish...from... 把…与…区分开来 8.make allowance for 体谅;考虑到,估计到 9.owe to 归功于 10.lead sb to... 领某人到… 11.be deeply rooted in 深深扎根于 序号匹配 英文短语 选项（中文释义） 1. hold to A. 对…有巨大的影响 2. beyond one’s grasp B. 坚持,不放弃;紧握,遵循 3. dig up C. 领某人到… 4. set sth aside D. 体谅;考虑到,估计到 5. break with sth E. 发现,搜集,查明 6. have a huge impact on F. 把…放一边;留出 7. distinguish...from... G. 深深扎根于 8. make allowance for H. 无法理解;力所不及 9. owe to I. 归功于 10. lead sb to... J. 与某事终止关联,破除 11. be deeply rooted in K. 把…与…区分开来 答案： 1-B, 2-H, 3-E, 4-F, 5-J, 6-A, 7-K, 8-D, 9-I, 10-C, 11-G 一、 真题实战 1.（2023·全国甲卷·阅读理解C篇节选） A new study found that people who ate a handful of nuts each day had a lower risk of heart disease. The researchers estimated that replacing a daily serving of red meat with nuts could lower the risk by up to 20%. Nuts are rich in healthy fats, fibre and protein, which help absorb vitamins and digest food more efficiently. However, they are also high in calories, so moderation is key. … 1. What did the researchers find about eating nuts daily? A. It increases calorie intake too much. B. It can reduce the risk of heart disease. C. It helps digest red meat better. D. It provides more protein than meat. 答案： B 解析： 节选中明确提到“people who ate a handful of nuts each day had a lower risk of heart disease”，B项与此一致。A项“增加太多卡路里”虽提到热量但非研究发现；C项“帮助消化红肉”、D项“比肉提供更多蛋白质”均未提及。 【思维建模】本段核心词汇：estimate（估计）、lower（降低）、absorb（吸收）、digest（消化）、calorie （卡路里）、protein（蛋白质）。科普文中，研究结论常由“found that”引出，数字和比较级（lower, higher）是细节题命题热点。。 2. （2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解D篇节选） … Music and language share deep connections. Both possess a rhythm and melody that can accompany human emotions. Scientists have found that listening to music can overcome feelings of sadness and ease anxiety. In one experiment, participants who listened to folk music reported a pleasant mood boost, while those who heard blues showed more reflective states. The genius of great composers lies in their ability to transform simple notes into emotional experiences that flow across cultures. … 2. What does the experiment suggest about music? A. Folk music is more effective than blues. B. Different genres affect emotions differently. C. All music can overcome sadness equally. D. Melody is more important than rhythm. 答案：B 解析：实验表明听民谣音乐的人情绪提升，听蓝调的人更沉思，说明不同音乐类型对情绪影响不同。A项“民谣更有效”未比较；C项“所有音乐同等”与原文相反；D项“旋律比节奏重要”未提及。  【思维建模】本段核心词汇：possess（拥有）、rhythm（节奏）、melody（旋律）、accompany（伴随）、overcome（克服）、ease（缓解）、folk（民谣的）、blues（蓝调）、genius（天才）、transform（转变）、flow（流动）。对比实验类语篇中，不同条件（folk vs. blues）对应不同结果，是推理判断题的常见设问方式。 3. （2025·全国一卷·阅读理解B篇节选） In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A's, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who'd created these people, knew their subjects so well. But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: "Why is writing important?" Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn't strike them as important. This would have to change. As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. 3. What does the author realize about the students' first essay? A. The students were not interested in the topic. B. The students lacked writing skills. C. The question itself was the problem. D. The students were too lazy to write. 答案：C 解析： 作者明确指出“Then I realized that the problem was the question itself”——问题在于作文题目本身（“Why is writing important?”）未能激发学生的写作兴趣。A项“学生对话题不感兴趣”是表象而非作者的深层认识；B项“缺乏写作技巧”与后文学生写出精彩作品矛盾；D项“懒惰”文中未提及。 【思维建模】本语篇涉及Unit 2核心词汇 deserve（值得）、overcome（克服）、accompany（伴随）。记叙文中，作者的观点转变往往是命题重点，需关注“realized”“found”“thought”等表达认知变化的动词。 4. （2020·全国甲卷·阅读理解A篇节选） The Lake District Attractions Guide Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens History, Culture & Landscape (景观). Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and award-winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom. Open: 29 Mar - 29 Oct, Sun to Thurs. Tearoom, Gardens & Gift Shop: 10.30 - 17.00 (16.00 in Oct). House: 11.15 - 16.00 (15.00 in Oct). Town: Pooley Bridge & Penrith Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives. Open: Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays. 10.30 - 17.00 Summer. 10.30 - 16.00 Winter. Town: Kendal 4． What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum? A. Enjoy Romney's works. B. Have some interactive fun. C. Attend a famous festival. D. Learn the history of a family. 答案：A 解析： 文中明确提到Abbot Hall的永久收藏包括“Turners and Romneys”，因此游客可以欣赏Romney的作品。B项“互动乐趣”是Tullie House的特点；C项“参加著名节日”是Dalemain Mansion的特点；D项“了解家族历史”也是Dalemain Mansion的特点 【思维建模】本语篇涉及Unit 3核心词汇：landscape（景观）、gallery（画廊）、display（展示）、collection（收藏品）、exhibition（展览）。应用文中，不同景点/场馆的特色信息常以平行结构呈现，解题时需准确定位题干关键词所在的段落，排除张冠李戴的干扰项。 5．（2026·全国二卷·完形填空节选） I was teaching poetry, encouraging students to write about their ___41. 41. A. medical B. artistic C. scientific D. literary 答案：D 解析： 前文提到“teaching poetry”（教诗歌），诗歌属于文学范畴，因此应选 literary（文学的）。A项“医学的”、B项“艺术的”（范围过宽）、C项“科学的”均不符合语境。 【思维建模】Unit 4核心词汇 poetry、rhythm（节奏）、imagery（意象）、contradict（矛盾）在完形填空中常通过上下文线索（如“poem”“verse”“rhyme”等）进行考查。解答时需把握语篇的文学主题，利用词汇复现和语义场进行推理。 2、 命题演练 一：单句提升语法填空 1． (receive) proper training before starting the job is essential for every new employee. 【答案】Receiving 【详解】句意：在开始工作之前接受恰当的培训对每一位新员工来说至关重要。此处作句子主语，表示一般行为，动名词receiving符合，置于句首，首字母大写。 2．Our main goal is (raise) public awareness of wildlife protection. 【答案】to raise 【详解】句意：我们的主要目标是提高公众对野生动物保护的意识。空处作表语；此处表示具体的、尤其是将来的动作，应用不定式形式to raise。 3．It is important (develop) good reading habits in high school. 【答案】to develop 【详解】句意：在高中阶段养成良好的阅读习惯是重要的。此处为固定句型：it is+adj.+to do“做某事是……的”，空处应用不定式形式to develop作真正的主语，it为形式主语。 4． (solve) the environmental problem is a long-term challenge for the whole society. 【答案】To solve 【详解】句意：解决这个环境问题是全社会面临的一项长期挑战。空处作主语，表示具体的、尤其是将来的动作，应用不定式形式to solve，位于句首首字母需大写。 5．The Wing Chun style is known for placing (emphasize) on technique rather than strength. 【答案】emphasis 【详解】句意：咏春拳以注重技巧而非力量而闻名。设空处作宾语，应用名词形式，emphasize的名词形式为emphasis，是不可数名词，表示“强调，重视”；place emphasis on是固定短语，意为“强调，注重”。 6．What we discovered is that it’s unwise to judge what you eat only by its (appear) . 【答案】appearance 【详解】句意：我们发现，仅凭外观来判断所吃的食物是不明智的。设空处位于its后，作介词by的宾语，需用名词形式appearance。 7．Nut carving has different styles, (vary) significantly from northern to southern regions. 【答案】varying 【详解】句意：核雕风格多样，南北差异显著。设空处是非谓语形式作状语，vary与styles为逻辑上的主动关系（风格不同），应用现在分词形式varying。 8．Coffee may cause sleep disturbance, especially when (consume) in large amounts or after 2 p.m. 【答案】consumed 【详解】句意：咖啡可能会引起睡眠障碍，尤其是大量饮用后或在下午两点以后饮用。该句为when引导的时间状语从句的省略结构，原句为when coffee is consumed。省略了coffee is。 9．He advocated that we should avoid some potential online dangers, not leak our own private information and pay attention to online (secure). 【答案】security 【详解】句意：他主张我们应当避免一些潜在的网络危险，不要泄露我们自己的个人信息，并且要注意网络安全。 此处作介词online的宾语，需要使用名词。括号内secure是形容词，意为“安全的”；其名词形式 security表示“安全”。 10．It (estimate) that two million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping. 【答案】is estimated 【详解】句意：据估计，全球已有两百万人尝试过蹦极运动。本句是固定被动句型It is estimated that...，it作形式主语，真正主语是that引导的从句；it和estimate之间为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态。 11．Among the works that most (impress) the HCA jury (评审团) was the 2023 edition of Blazing City 1938. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】impressed 【详解】句意：HCA评审团印象最深的作品是2023年版的《1938年烈焰之城》。that引导定语从句，impress作从句的谓语动词，结合后文was可知动作发生在过去用一般过去时。 12．The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and (complicate) review of the case. 【答案】complicated 【详解】句意：警察决定对这个案子进行一次彻底、复杂的审查。and连接形容词thorough和所填词，要填形容词；complicate对应的形容词是complicated，表示“复杂的”，符合题意。 13．Over the past few years, many solar farm developers (transform) the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. 【答案】have transformed 【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，许多太阳能农场开发商将太阳能电池板下的空间改造成了各种传粉昆虫的庇护所，从而改善了土壤和减少了碳排放。空处作谓语，根据时间状语Over the past few years可知，句子应使用现在完成时，主语many solar farm developers是复数形式，且与谓语动词为主动关系，应使用have transformed。 14．So long as you keep trying, what seems to be a (distance) dream can become a reality. 【答案】distant 【详解】句意：只要你不断努力，看似遥远的梦想终会成为现实。此处需要修饰名词dream，括号内给出名词distance，需变为形容词distant作定语修饰dream。 15．The (gift) student shows a strong interest in exploring new knowledge. 【答案】gifted 【详解】句意：这位有天赋的学生对探索新知识表现出浓厚的兴趣。空处作修饰student的定语，结合“shows a strong interest in exploring new knowledge”可知，形容词gifted“有天赋的”符合题意。 16．It is (suit) for teenagers to take part in outdoor activities regularly. 【答案】suitable 【详解】句意：青少年经常参加户外活动是适宜的。空处作表语，表示“合适的”用形容词suitable。 17．We will provide psychological guidance for patients that were (depress) badly by the big disaster last year. 【答案】depressed 【详解】句意：我们将为去年因重大灾难深受打击、严重抑郁的患者提供心理疏导。 定语从句中出现介词by，提示此处为被动语态，空前已有be动词were，空处需填过去分词。所给词depress为动词，意为“使抑郁、使消沉”，其过去分词形式为depressed。 18．The training course that we take every semester (consist) of three parts: basic writing skills, video shooting tips and online communication rules. 【答案】consists 【详解】句意：我们每学期参加的培训课程包含三部分：基础写作技巧、视频拍摄技巧以及线上交流规范。此处为谓语动词，主语The training course为单数，与consist of 为主动关系，且描述客观事实使用一般现在时，谓语动词consist使用第三人称单数形式consists。 19．Humanoid robots dressed in traditional costumes offer tour guidance and explanations, with visitors through poetry performances. (interact) 【答案】interacting 【详解】句意：身着传统服饰的人形机器人提供导游和讲解服务，通过诗歌表演与游客互动。空白处在句子中作状语，应用非谓语动词；句子主语 Humanoid robots 与 interact 之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词。 20．Zhangye is (strategic) located in the middle of the Hexi Corridor, where the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the Mongolian Plateau meet. 【答案】strategically 【详解】句意：张掖位于河西走廊中部，青藏高原与蒙古高原交会处，处于重要战略位置。设空处修饰动词located，应用副词形式strategically。 21．Besides hiking, camping enjoys great (popular) on the island. The lakesides are great camping (destination) with peaceful water and grassland scenery. 【答案】 popularity destinations 【详解】句意：除了徒步旅行，露营在岛上也很受欢迎。湖边是绝佳的露营地，拥有宁静的水面和草地风光。设空处位于形容词great之后，作动词enjoys的宾语，应用名词形式popularity。设空处在系动词后作表语，且根据are和语境可知，此处表示多个露营地，应用名词的复数形式destinations。 22．There will be varieties of artworks on display in the art (exhibit) to be held on Saturday. 【答案】exhibition 【详解】句意：在周六即将举办的艺术展览上将展出各种各样的艺术作品。定冠词the要接名词，提示词exhibit是动词，对应的名词为exhibition，表示“展览”；后置定语to be held on Saturday表明此处特指周六将要举办的这一场展览，要用单数名词exhibition。 23．Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still be (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.（所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】employed 【详解】句意：卡森证明，一种世代相传的简单抒情形式如今仍可被运用，以此引发人们对重要事实的关注。 空格前有情态动词can以及be动词，主语a simple lyric form和动词employ之间为被动关系，情态动词被动语态结构为“can be + 过去分词”，employ的过去分词是employed。 24． (strike) by the breathtaking natural scenery, most tourists stopped to take photos along the quiet mountain path. 【答案】Struck 【详解】句意：被令人惊叹的自然风光所打动，大多数游客沿着幽静的山路驻足拍照。句子已有谓语stopped，空处需用非谓语动词。主语most tourists与动词strike“打动、触动”为被动关系，需用过去分词作原因状语，strike的过去分词为struck，句首单词首字母大写。 25．To achieve this (ambition) goal, Chinese scientists must conduct extensive research before launching the rockets. 【答案】ambitious 【详解】句意：为实现这一宏伟目标，中国科学家必须在发射火箭前开展大量研究。 空格后为名词goal，需要形容词修饰名词。所给词ambition是名词，意为“抱负、雄心”，其形容词形式ambitious表示“宏大的、雄心勃勃的”。 26．Advanced laboratory instruments (employ) to conduct comprehensive analyses, seeking to determine whether life ever existed …(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will be employed 【详解】句意：将使用先进的实验室仪器进行综合分析，以确定生命是否曾经存在。主语instruments与employ为被动关系，且动作尚未发生，用一般将来时的被动语态。故用will be employed。 27．This challenging job truly focuses on creative thinking, as (oppose) to simple hard work.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】opposed 【详解】句意：这份具有挑战性的工作真正注重的是创造性思维，而不是简单的埋头苦干。as opposed to 是固定短语，意为“与……相对/相反；而不是”，其中 opposed 是过去分词作形容词，表示“相反的、对立的”。 28．The book’s colorful (illustrate) shows a young boy riding his bike through a forest. 【答案】illustration 【详解】句意：这本书中色彩丰富的插图描绘了一个小男孩骑自行车穿过森林。分析句子成分可知，空处应填入名词作主语，且空后的谓语动词为第三人称单数形式的shows，表明主语应为单数形式，illustrate的名词形式为illustration,意为“插图”。 29．It is generally believed that a balanced diet (compose) of various nutrients is essential for good health. 【答案】composed 【详解】句意：人们普遍认为，由多种营养素组成的均衡饮食对身体健康至关重要。that引导的主语从句中已有谓语动词is，空处需用非谓语动词；compose“组成”与逻辑主语diet之间为被动关系，故用过去分词composed作后置定语。 30．The report (submit) by the research team offers valuable practical suggestions. 【答案】submitted 【详解】句意：研究团队提交的报告提供了宝贵的实践建议。句中已有谓语动词offers，空处应用非谓语动词形式；submit与逻辑主语The report之间为被动关系，且动作已完成，应用过去分词submitted作后置定语。 31．Those outdated statistical documents require (update) to match the present-day research standards. 【答案】updating/to be updated 【详解】句意：那些过时的统计文档需要更新以符合当前的研究标准。require后接动词时，常用require doing表示被动含义，相当于require to be done，意为“某物需要被……”，所以用动名词updating或不定式的被动语态to be updated作宾语。 32．It is no good (complain) about the result without taking action. 【答案】complaining 【详解】句意：不采取行动而只是抱怨结果是没用的。It is no good doing sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事是没用的”，其中it是形式主语，需用动名词complaining作真正的主语。 33．Much evidence suggests that the seafloors are (constant) moving, and continually being created and destroyed. 【答案】constantly 【详解】句意：大量证据表明海底在不断运动，并且持续地生成和消亡。 所填词修饰谓语are moving，要将形容词constant变为副词constantly。 34．Transcribe Glass (distinguish) itself with its advanced functionality and user-friendliness. 【答案】distinguishes 【详解】句意：Transcribe Glass凭借其先进的功能和用户友好性而脱颖而出。空处为谓语动词；句子描述的是该产品的客观特性，应用一般现在时；主语为Transcribe Glass，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，提示词distinguish的第三人称单数为distinguishes。 35．China has a large number of global cultural heritage (遗产) sites (recognize) by UNESCO. 【答案】recognized 【详解】句意：中国拥有大量被联合国教科文组织认定的全球文化遗产地。句子谓语是has，提示词recognize为动词，其前无并列连词，要变成非谓语形式；________ (recognize) by UNESCO作后置定语修饰名词 sites，sites与recognize之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，要将recognize变成过去分词recognized，表示被动含义。 二：课内句式填空训练 1.I take my time over every spoonful,gently rolling the silky dessert around my mouth and enjoying the perfect marriage of rice and milk.(现在分词作伴随状语) 我细细品尝每一勺,让丝滑的甜点在我的口中轻轻转动,享受米糊和牛奶的完美融合。 2.If we grow up eating certain foods in our family,then those foods tend to be linked with positive emotions.(tend to do sth) 如果我们从小在家就吃某些特定的食物,这些食物就很容易与积极的情绪产生关联。 3.Nowadays,people eat salted duck all year round and it is estimated that tens of thousands of ducks are consumed every day in Nanjing!(it is+过去分词+that) 如今,人们一年四季都吃盐水鸭,据估计南京人每天要吃掉数万只鸭子! 4.Angry and sad,Liang falls sick and dies.(形容词作状语) 梁山伯悲愤交加,染病而亡。 5.The tunes are easy to sing,and the lyrics often leave you deep in thought.(leave+宾语+宾语补足语) 乡村音乐的调子朗朗上口,歌词常常发人深省。 6.As I wandered through the Impressionist gallery,I appreciated masterpieces like The Ballet Class and The Card Players.(as引导时间状语从句) 漫步于印象派展馆,我欣赏着像《舞蹈课》和《玩纸牌者》这样的杰作。 7.It is amazing that every time Monet studied this simple scene, he brought the pond’s beauty to the canvas in a unique way.(every time引导时间状语从句) 令人赞叹的是,莫奈每次端详睡莲池这处简单的风景,都以独特的方式让它的美跃然于画布之上。 8.Such is its worth that several later emperors even asked the most talented artists of their day to make copies of the scroll.(such置于句首引起的倒装) 这幅画价值如此之高,以至于后世有几位皇帝甚至命令当朝最有才华的画家来临摹这幅长卷。 9.As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning,it will have been worth your effort.(as long as引导条件状语从句) 只要读诗之旅能让你有所感悟,或者让你发现另一层含义,你的努力就是值得的。 10．Li Bai’s romantic style was also deeply rooted in the social and historical context in which he lived.(“介词+which”引导定语从句) 李白的浪漫主义风格亦深植于他所处的社会历史环境中。 $