2027年高考英语一轮复习调研卷（上海卷02）

One listening comprehension section a directions. In section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said, the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once after you hear a conversation and the question about IT, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. One, I may drive up to london on saturday, for I need to do things there. I'd go earlier if I were you. The motorway can get very busy. Even on saturday, you may get stuck . in the traffic question. What does the man suggest the woman do? Two, I won the first prize in the national writing contest, and I got this camera as an award. It's a good camera. You can take IT when you travel. I had no idea you were a marvelous writer. Question, what do we learn from the conversation? Three, do you want to take some time for coffee? There is a coffee machine around the corner. IT is twenty cents a cup. All I have is a quarter, and the machine says exact change . question. What can be inferred from the conversation? For I am upset about this year's bonus. I was really expecting a little more. Are there any problems with my work? No, not at all. We all have to cut back. I'm hoping next year's going to be Better. Question, what does the man mean? Five, excuse me, could you help me? I'd like to exchange this sweater. IT was a birthday gift, but I do not really like IT. I see. Well, why don't you look around? I will switch another one you like for . you question, what is the woman probably going to do? Six, I heard you have started learning to play the guitar. How was the going? I am teaching myself. I've got a book to get the basic ideas. I am making very good progress. Question, how does the men learn to play the guitar? Seven, excuse me, how do I know the bus bound for the department store? You will notice the route number six in the front of the bus, and you should get off at the . fifth stop question. What are the two speakers talking about? Ate something dirty, must have come into my eyes, and I have an infection, but I need to swim a long time every day because i'm a swimmer. I will give you some eye drops, but you can't go swimming until IT clears . up question, what can we learn from the conversation? Nine, do you have something on your mind? You look so worried? Well, I did not sleep well last night. My boss assigned me three projects, and I still haven't finished them. Question, why does the man feel worried? Ten, as we all know, mobile phones spring people great convenience and shorten the distance among friends and relatives. They bring a great many advantages, but also some weak points. Question, what does the man say about mobile phones? Section b directions in section b, you will hear two passengers and one longer conversation. After each passage in conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passengers and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions eleven through thirteen are based on the following passage. When he looked ahead, FLorence chadwick saw nothing but a solid wall of fog. Her body was unable to react. SHE had been swimming for nearly sixteen hours already. SHE was the first woman to swim the english channel in both directions. Now at age thirty four, her goal was to become the first woman to swim from catAlina island to the california coast on that fourth of july morning. In nineteen nineteen fifty two, the sea was like an ice bath, and the fog was so dance that he could hardly see her support boats alongside FLorence. In one of the boats, her mother and her trainer offered encouragement. They told her I was not much further, but all SHE could see was fog. They urged her not to quit. SHE never had such an idea until then. With only a half mile to go, SHE asked to be pulled out, SHE told a reporter hours later. Look, i'm not excusing myself, but if I could have seen land I might have made IT IT was not tired ness, or even the cold water that defeated her. IT was the fog. SHE was unable to see her goal. Two months later, he tried again. This time, despite the same dense fog, SHE swam with her goal, clearly pictured in her mind. SHE knew that somewhere behind that fog was land. And this time he made IT. FLorence chadwick became the first woman to swim the catAlina channel, surpassing the man's record by two hours. Now listen again, please. When SHE looked ahead, FLorence chadwick saw nothing but a solid wall of fog. Her body was unable to react. SHE had been swimming for nearly sixteen hours already. SHE was the first woman to swim the english channel in both directions. Now, at age thirty four, her goal was to become the first woman to swim from catalonia island to the california coast on the fourth of july morning. In one thousand nine hundred fifty two, the sea was like an ice bath, and the fog was so dense that he could hardly see her support boats alongside FLorence in one of the boats her mother and her trainer offered encouragement. They told her IT was not much further, but all we could see was the fog. They urged her not to quit. SHE never had such an idea until then, with only a half mile to go, SHE asked to be pulled out, SHE told a reporter hours later. Look, i'm not excusing myself, but if I could have seen land, I might have made IT. IT was not tiredness. Ss, or even the cold water that defeated her. IT was the fog. SHE was unable to see her goal. Two months later, he tried again, this time despite the same dense fog, SHE swam with her goal, clearly pictured in her mind. SHE knew that somewhere behind that fog was land. And this time he made IT. FLorence chadwick became the first woman to swim the cattle in a channel, surpassing the man's record by two hours. Questions . eleven, why was FLorence's body unable to react? Twelve, why did FLorence ask to be pulled out to quit? Thirteen, what is flower rena's achievement according to this passage? Questions fourteen through sixteen are based on the following passage, looking to improve your language skills, but you don't have the time to go abroad to attend school. More and more universities around the world are offering opportunities for students to get degrees online. Distance education from the comfort of their own homes, and many of these colleges and universities have met certain standards of excEllence. If you decide to take language courses online, or any subject for that matter, be sure there are advantages in studying online. Its costs are usually lower, and you can study at your own pace and easily get the materials twenty four hours a day from almost any computer in the world. However, you won't get the human interaction of meeting people face to face as you would if you were attending a school abroad in person. On the other hand, the advantages of going abroad may include day to day chances to learn a new culture, to meet you friends with whom you can use and practice the language, and to see different parts of the world. However, there may be a number of disadvantages for some students, including high costs, time away from their school and family, and difficulty in getting used to a new culture and way of life. Whatever you do consider, a distance education program that meets your educational needs is within your budget, and equally importantly, provide you with chances beyond the classroom through cultural and educational activities. Now listen again, please. Looking to improve your language skills, but you don't have the time to go abroad to attend school. More and more universities around the world are offering opportunities for students to get degrees online, distant education from the comfort of their own homes, and many of these colleges and universities have met certain standards of excEllence. If you decide to take language courses online, or any subject for that matter, be sure there are advantages in studying online. Its costs are usually lower, and you can study at your own pace and easily get the materials twenty four hours a day from almost any computer in the world. However, you won't get the human interaction of meeting people face to face as you would if you were attending school abroad in person. On the other hand, the advantages of going abroad may include day to day chances to learn a new culture, to meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language, and to see different parts of the world. However, there may be a number of disadvantages for some students, including high costs, time away from their school and family, and difficulty in getting used to a new culture and way of life. Whatever you do consider, a distance education program that meets your educational needs is within your budget, and equally importantly, provides you with chances beyond the classroom through cultural and educational activities. Questions . fourteen, what is the current situation for many online institutions? Fifteen, what would happen if students were attending school online? Sixteen, what should one consider if he takes a distance education program? Questions seventeen through twenty are based on the following conversation. Oh, hello, all love. I haven't seen you for ages. How things going? Hello, lisa. Well, it's great studying here, but some things take quite a bit of getting used to. It's not like studying in my country here. We have to read so much. I just can't keep up with IT at all. Well, I agree there is a lot to read, but I don't mind that. In fact, I like reading. My problem is that I want to read more and more, but there isn't the time. How do you baLance your reading and your homework? Actually, I don't deal with that well. I spend hours planning in essay. And by the time I get to actually writing IT all down, the deadline is up. I'm always doing the final draft . in a hurry. And there is another thing, I never seem to manage enough time for my lectures. There are so many lectures, and they're always so early in the morning, I can't ever get out of bed in time for a nine o'clock lecture. Well, isn't that because you go to so many parties or laugh? If you do not get home until one or two in the morning? How can you ever expect to be awake for a lecture? If you ask me, that would not make any difference. Most of the lectures are so boring, they put you to sleep anyhow. Why can't they make the lectures more interesting? After all, a lot of the subjects are fascinating, but the lectures make them sound boring. Now, listen again, please. Oh, hello, all love. I haven't seen you for ages. How are things going? Hello, lisa. Well, it's great studying here, but some things take quite a bit of getting used to. It's not like studying in my country here. We have to read so much. I just can't keep up with IT at all. Well, I agree there is a lot to read, but I don't mind that. In fact, I like reading. My problem is that I want to read more and more, but there isn't the time. How do you baLance your reading and your homework? Actually, I don't deal with that. well. I spend hours planning in essay, and by the time I get to actually writing IT all down, the deadline is up. I'm always doing the final draft . in a hurry. And there is another thing, I never seem to manage enough time for my lectures. There are so many lectures, and they're always so early in the morning I can't ever get out of bed in time for a nine o'clock lecture. Well, isn't that because you go to so many parties or laugh if you do not get home until one or two in the morning, how can you ever expect to be awake for a lecture? If you ask me, that would not make any difference. Most of the lectures are so boring, they put you to sleep anyhow. Why can't they make the lectures more interesting? After all, a lot of the subjects are fascinating, but the lectures make them sound boring. Questions . seventeen, what are the two speakers doing? Eighteen, what is the different way of study in this country, according to the man? Nineteen, why can't the woman baLance her reading with her homework? Twenty, what is the problem about the lectures, according to the men? That's the end of the listening comprehension. 2027年高考一轮复习调研卷（上海卷02） 英语·全解全析 （笔试部分） II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Getting Over The“Ick” Getting the “ick” can ruin a budding romance or an ongoing date. It’s that sudden feeling of disgust 1 makes you want to back away. Maybe you heard them make an awkward noise, mock someone unfairly, or eat messily. Once the “ick” sets in, it’s hard to shake off, leaving you questioning 2 to move forward. Disgust, though often overlooked in research, is a strong, primal (原始的) emotion. Like fear or anger, it’s triggered in specific situations and 3 (vary) between individuals. While some reactions are universal — like disgust at rotting food or unhygienic acts — people with high sensitivity to disgust might feel it even in slight situations, such as a partner’s 4 (crack) lips or messy eating. Disgust evolved to protect us from harm, 5 spoiled food or moral wrongdoing. However, when it rushed into our romantic lives, it raises questions: Is it a signal to stop, or 6 we can work through? Studies show that heightened disgust sensitivity is linked to emotional challenges, such as low desire or aversion. In relationships, mismatched thresholds for disgust can cause conflicts — one partner’s limits might feel restrictive to the other. Overcoming the “ick” involves 7 (reduce) disgust sensitivity. Disgust can be reduced in much the same way as we work to reduce a person’s fear: Gradual exposure to increasingly greater levels of the stimulus. In other words, start small and increase your exposure to the thing that makes you disgusted and your response will become 8 (dramatic). If the “ick” is tied to a person rather than an act, reflection is key. Strong initial feelings of connection may be worth working 9 the discomfort. Relationships often allow us to overlook flaws, 10 if the trigger is a true dealbreaker — something morally unacceptable — it’s time to trust your instincts and move on. 【答案】 1．that 2．whether 3．varies 4．cracked 5．like/including 6．something 7．reducing 8．less dramatic 9．through/against 10．but 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了厌恶这种情绪对人的影响。 【详解】1．考查强调句。句意：这种突然的厌恶感让你想要退后。此处为强调句：it is+被强调部分+that/who+其他，被强调部分为that sudden feeling of disgust，故填that。 2．考查疑问词。句意：一旦“恶心”来了，就很难摆脱，让你怀疑是否要继续前进。此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构，且表示“是否”应用whether。故填whether。 3．考查时态。句意：就像恐惧或愤怒一样，它是在特定的情况下触发的，因人而异。作并列谓语，且陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用三单形式。故填varies。 4．考查形容词。句意：虽然有些反应是普遍的，比如对腐烂的食物或不卫生的行为感到厌恶，但对厌恶高度敏感的人即使在轻微的情况下也会感到厌恶，比如伴侣的嘴唇开裂或吃得一团糟。修饰名词lips用形容词cracked“破裂的，有裂纹的”。故填cracked。 5．考查介词。句意：厌恶进化是为了保护我们免受伤害，比如/包括变质的食物或不道德的行为。后跟名词作宾语，表示“比如”或“包含”应用介词like或including。故填like/including。 6．考查代词。句意：然而，当它闯入我们的浪漫生活时，问题就来了：这是一个停止的信号，还是我们可以解决的问题？此处表示“某事”应用不定代词something，作表语。故填something。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：克服“恶心”需要降低厌恶敏感性。短语involve doing sth.表示“涉及做某事”。故填reducing。 8．考查比较级。句意：换句话说，从小事做起，增加你对让你厌恶的事情的接触，你的反应就会变得不那么剧烈。作表语，且表示“不那么剧烈的”应用形容词dramatic的比较级，在前面加less。故填less dramatic。 9．考查介词。句意：最初强烈的联系感可能值得解决不适。短语work through/against表示“克服，解决”。故填through/against。 10．考查连词。句意：感情常常让我们忽略缺点，但如果导火索是真正的分手者——道德上不可接受的事情——是时候相信你的直觉，继续前进了。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．dampening     B．desperately     C． extensively     D．gains         E. impact     F. launched      G. revolutionary     H. sandwiched     I. securing         J. shaved     K. wear Do better shoes help you run faster? Modern competitive running entered a new era in 2016, when Nike began distributing a prototype trainer to elite runners. The new shoes were designed to look like Nike’s top publicly available model, the Zoom Streak 6, but the soles featured a(n) 11 new design. And regular runners were able to get their hands on them in 2017 when the company 12 the Zoom Vaporfly 4%, the first true super shoe. “Most super shoes follow the same pattern,” explains Jens Jakob Andersen, founder of RunRepeat, a website that “road-tests” trainers. Typically have curved soles made of a hard carbon plate 13 between layers of specially engineered springy foam. The carbon plate is often very thick — up to 40mm tall at the heel. These features make running easier. Platformed soles encourage a slightly longer stride, which means fewer steps per kilometre. And a soft base, which absorbs 14 before bouncing back up, eases the pressure on leg muscles. The results speak for themselves. Studies estimate that the high-tech trainers have 15 between one and four minutes off elite marathon times. Regular runners benefit too. In 2019 the New York Times analyzed real-world marathon data to measure the speed 16 owed to Nike’s Vaporfly. They found that runners wearing super shoes completed races 4-5% faster than those in average trainers. However, 17 this extra speed demands a substantial expenditure. Adidas’s top model, the Pro Evo 1—worn by Ethiopia’s Tigst Assefa during her record-breaking Berlin marathon in 2023—cost $500. And, as the miles add up, most super shoes quickly lose grip and the foam in the sole wears out, 18 their signature springiness. So, with a big race approaching, runners may wonder about the best sneaker strategy. Mr. Andersen’s opinion, super shoes should be broken in a little: he suggests around 20-50km of pre-race use, to improve race-day performance since some foams get bouncier after a small amount of 19 . Buying a new pair of shoes for every race makes an expensive habit, but it could be worth it for those 20 chasing a personal best. 【答案】 11．G 12．F 13．H 14．E 15．J 16．D 17．I 18．A 19．K 20．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了高科技跑鞋如何帮助运动员提高跑步速度，以及这些跑鞋的特点和优缺点。 【详解】11．考查形容词。句意：新款鞋的设计看起来像耐克公开销售的高端型号Zoom Streak 6，但鞋底采用了一种革命性的新设计。根据上文“The new shoes were designed to look like Nike’s top publicly available model, the Zoom Streak 6,”可知，“revolutionary”（革命性的）符合语境，设空处需要形容词修饰“new design”，作定语。故填G。 12．考查时态。句意：2017年，当公司推出Zoom Vaporfly 4%时，普通跑者就能买到它们。根据“the Zoom Vaporfly 4%”可知，“launched”（推出）符合语境。设空处需填入动词过去式，与时间状语“in 2017”匹配，故填F。 13．考查过去分词。句意：通常由硬碳板夹在特殊设计的弹性泡沫层之间制成。根据下文“between layers of specially engineered springy foam.”可知，“sandwiched”（夹在中间）符合语境。设空处需过去分词作后置定语修饰“carbon plate”，故填H。 14．考查动名词。句意：柔软的鞋底在反弹前吸收冲击力，减轻腿部肌肉的压力。根据下文“eases the pressure on leg muscles.”可知，“impact”（冲击/使用）符合语境，名词作宾语。故填E。 15．考查时态。句意：研究表明，高科技跑鞋为精英马拉松选手节省了1到4分钟的时间。根据下文“between one and four minutes off elite marathon times.”可知，“shaved”（削减）符合语境，设空处需动词过去分词构成完成时。故填J。 16．考查名词。句意：在2019年，《纽约时报》分析了实际马拉松数据，以测量耐克Vaporfly带来的速度提升。根据上文“measure the speed”可知，“gains”（提升）符合语境。设空处需名词作宾语，故填D。 17．考查动名词。句意：然而，获得这种额外速度需要高昂的花费。根据上文“They found that runners wearing super shoes completed races 4-5% faster than those in average trainers.”可知，“securing”（获得）符合语境。设空处需动名词作主语，故填I。 18．考查非谓语。句意：而且，随着里程的增加，大多数超级鞋很快就会失去抓地力，鞋底的泡沫会磨损，削弱它们标志性的弹性。根据上文“wears out”，“dampening”（减弱）符合语境。本句为现在分词作状语。故填A。 19．考查名词。句意： Mr. Andersen认为，超级跑鞋应该在比赛前使用20-50公里左右，以提高比赛日的表现，因为一些泡沫在少量磨损后会变得更有弹性。根据上文“he suggests around 20-50km of pre-race us”可知，“wear”（磨损）符合语境，设空处需名词作宾语。故填K。 20．考查副词。句意：每次比赛都买一双新鞋是一种昂贵的习惯，但对于那些拼命地追求个人最佳成绩的人来说，这可能是值得的。根据下文“chasing a personal best.”可知，“desperately”（拼命地）符合语境。，设空处需副词修饰“chasing”作状语，故填B。 III. Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Is there such a thing as a classic? After Taylor Swift, the “Mona Lisa” is probably the most recognizable female face in the world. Every day around 20,000 people 21 Leonardo da Vinci’s painting in the Louvre. Yet it became famous not because of its smile, but because of a thief. Until someone stole the masterpiece in 1911, it was still mostly unknown; shortly after this, viewers 22 to see what a French newspaper called “an enormous, horrible, empty space” where the painting had hung. Classics of art, literature and music are supposed to carry some mysterious 23 that endures across the ages. But, as Rochelle Gurstein writes in a new book, the “timeless classic” is anything but. “What I believed was written in 24 was actually written in water,” she argues. Classics come and go. Let’s take other celebrated works of art that, along with the “Mona Lisa,” 25 European culture. Until the late 19th century, Michelangelo’s “David” stood in a public square in Florence, where it was exposed to the 26 without anything to protect it from wear and tear. He 27 more pigeons than people; most art lovers preferred the artist’s sculpture of Moses in Rome. Before the “Venus de Milo” was discovered in 1820, viewers 28 the “Venus de Medici,” a beautiful but modest statue that few know about today. The rise and fall of classics is not just a matter of changing 29 ; art itself has changed. Artists used to strive to depict 30 forms of beauty. Genius was the “child of imitation”, explained Joshua Reynolds, a British portraitist in the 18th century. Artists learned by 31 classical masterpieces, often Roman copies of Greek sculptures. But such masterpieces were challenged by “discoveries”. Lord Elgin tried to 32 the beautiful marbles that once decorated the Parthenon, but the restorers refused and insisted that they were left in their old, worn-out state. When the marbles went on display in 1807, British visitors did not see the 33 , clean sculptures they expected. Timeless ideals seemed less impressive in 34 with the timeworn marbles, and artists began to feel more distant from the classical tradition. The writing of art history has also changed tastes. In the 16th century Giorgio Vasari, an Italian painter, created an influential narrative of artistic 35 that ended with the realism of Raphael and Michelangelo. But in the 19th century, critic John Ruskin argued that the real “Old Masters” were actually medieval Christian painters. When you see today’s popular contemporary “masterpieces” being sold for millions, you might wonder how critics 100 years from now will feel about them. 21．A．stand by B．look up C．stare at D．pass by 22．A．flooded in B．participated in C．gathered in D．came back 23．A．appeal B．acquaintance C．appreciation D．intention 24．A．sand B．wind C．stone D．sea 25．A．change B．define C．restore D．advocate 26．A．artists B．supervisors C．elements D．radiation 27．A．acquired B．admitted C．attributed D．attracted 28．A．underestimated B．disliked C．anticipated D．admired 29．A．states B．tastes C．standards D．conditions 30．A．different B．similar C．fixed D．ideal 31．A．copying B．admiring C．viewing D．appreciating 32．A．put aside B．fix up C．take down D．mix up 33．A．original B．modern C．flawless D．vivid 34．A．competition B．communication C．association D．comparison 35．A．distribution B．progress C．expression D．impression 【答案】 21．C 22．A 23．A 24．C 25．B 26．C 27．D 28．D 29．B 30．D 31．A 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．B 【导语】文章主要探讨了“经典”这一概念是否真实存在，通过《蒙娜丽莎》《大卫》《米洛的维纳斯》等艺术品的兴衰历程，论证了经典并非永恒不变，而是受到时代、品味和历史书写的影响。 【详解】21．考查动词短语。句意：每天大约有2万人驻足凝视卢浮宫里列奥纳多·达·芬奇的画作。A. stand by 站在旁边；B. look up 抬头看；C. stare at 凝视；D. pass by 经过。根据上文“the most recognizable female face in the world”可知，人们来到卢浮宫是为了看这幅画，stare at表示“凝视”，强调专注地看，最符合语境。 22． 考查动词短语。句意：不久之后，观众涌入去看一家法国报纸所说的画作悬挂处那“一个巨大的、可怕的、空荡荡的空间”。A. flooded in 涌入；B. participated in 参加；C. gathered in 聚集；D. came back 回来。根据上文“shortly after this”可知，画作被盗后，大量观众涌入博物馆去看那个空位。 23．考查名词。句意：艺术、文学和音乐的经典作品被认为具有某种持久的永恒魅力。A. appeal 魅力；B. acquaintance 相识；C. appreciation 感激；D. intention 意图。根据下文“that endures across the ages”可知，经典作品被认为具有持久不衰的魅力。 24．考查名词。句意：“我以为写在石头上的东西，实际上是写在水上的。”她说。A. sand 沙子；B. wind 风；C. stone 石头；D. sea 大海。根据下文“was actually written in water”可知，此处与“water”形成对比，stone表示“石头”，意为“我以为经典是刻在石头上永恒的，实际上是写在水上转瞬即逝的”。 25．考查动词。句意：让我们来看看其他与《蒙娜丽莎》一起定义欧洲文化的著名艺术作品。A. change 改变；B. define 定义；C. restore 恢复；D. advocate 倡导。根据下文“European culture”可知，这些艺术作品在欧洲文化中具有重要地位，define表示“定义”，指这些作品塑造了欧洲文化。 26．考查名词。句意：直到19世纪末，米开朗基罗的《大卫》一直矗立在佛罗伦萨的公共广场上，暴露在自然环境中，没有任何保护措施来防止磨损。A. artists 艺术家；B. supervisors 监督者；C. elements 自然力；D. radiation 辐射。根据下文“without anything to protect it from wear and tear”可知，雕像暴露在自然环境（风雨等）中。 27．考查动词。句意：他吸引的鸽子比人多；大多数艺术爱好者更喜欢这位艺术家在罗马创作的摩西雕像。A. acquired 获得；B. admitted 承认；C. attributed 归因于；D. attracted 吸引。根据下文“more pigeons than people”可知，attract表示“吸引”，雕像吸引的鸽子比参观的人还多。 28．考查动词。句意：在1820年《米洛的维纳斯》被发现之前，观众更欣赏《美第奇的维纳斯》，一尊美丽但不起眼的雕像，如今很少有人知道它。A. underestimated 低估；B. disliked 不喜欢；C. anticipated 预期；D. admired 欣赏。根据下文“a beautiful but modest statue that few know about today”可知，在《米洛的维纳斯》发现之前，观众欣赏的是《美第奇的维纳斯》，体现了经典并非永恒不变。 29． 考查名词。句意：经典的兴衰不仅仅是品味变化的问题；艺术本身也发生了变化。A. states 状态；B. tastes 品味；C. standards 标准；D. conditions 条件。根据下文“art itself has changed”以及文章结尾关于艺术史改写品味的内容可知，此处指人们的审美品味在变化。 30．考查形容词。句意：艺术家过去常常努力描绘理想的美。A. different 不同的；B. similar 相似的；C. fixed 固定的；D. ideal 理想的。根据下文“Genius was the ‘child of imitation’”可知，传统艺术家追求的是符合古典标准的理想美。 31．考查动词。句意：艺术家通过临摹古典杰作来学习，通常是希腊雕塑的罗马复制品。A. copying 临摹；B. admiring 欣赏；C. viewing 观看；D. appreciating 欣赏。根据下文“classical masterpieces, often Roman copies of Greek sculptures”可知，艺术家通过临摹古典作品来学习。 32．考查动词短语。句意：埃尔金勋爵试图修复那些曾经装饰帕特农神庙的美丽大理石雕塑，但修复者拒绝了，并坚持让它们保持旧的、磨损的状态。A. put aside 搁置；B. fix up 修复；C. take down 取下；D. mix up 混淆。根据下文“but the restorers refused and insisted that they were left in their old, worn-out state”可知，埃尔金勋爵想修复这些雕塑，但修复者反对。 33．考查形容词。句意：当这些大理石雕塑在1807年展出时，英国游客看到的并不是他们所期望的完美无瑕的洁净雕塑。A. original 原始的；B. modern 现代的；C. flawless 完美无瑕的；D. vivid 生动的。根据上文“they were left in their old, worn-out state”和下文“clean sculptures they expected”可知，雕塑保持旧的、磨损的状态展出，游客没有看到所期望的完好无损、完美无瑕的雕塑。 34．考查名词。 句意：与历经沧桑的大理石雕塑相比，永恒的经典理想显得不那么令人印象深刻。A. competition 竞争；B. communication 交流；C. association 联系；D. comparison 比较。根据上文“seemed less impressive in ______ with the timeworn marbles”可知，此处为固定搭配in comparison with，意为“与……相比”。 35．考查名词。 句意：在16世纪，意大利画家乔治·瓦萨里创造了一个有影响力的艺术进步叙事，以拉斐尔和米开朗基罗的现实主义为终点。A. distribution 分配；B. progress 进步；C. expression 表达；D. impression 印象。根据下文“that ended with the realism of Raphael and Michelangelo”可知，瓦萨里将艺术史描绘为向现实主义“进步”的过程。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) RBG(Ruth Bader Ginsburg) had skipped the lunch the morning of January 17, 1973. She was afraid she would throw up. Wearing her mother's pin and earrings, like a soldier suiting up for battle, RBG stood alone in front of nine stone-faced men and asked them to do something they had until then refused to do: recognize that the Constitution banned sex discrimination. All oral arguments at the Supreme Court begin the same way: “Mr. Chief Justice, may it please the court.” You can listen to the recording of RBG speaking these words, how at first they came out a little shakily. It was her first time arguing before the court. To still the queasiness in her stomach, she had memorized the opening sentence. She told the justices about Sharron Frontiero, an air force lieutenant whose husband, Joseph, had been denied the same housing, medical, and dental benefits as other military spouses, simply because Sharron was a woman and Joseph was a man. Fourteen months earlier, the court had ruled on the case of an ldaho woman denied the right to administer her dead son's estate because she was a woman. The justices said in *Reed v. Reed* that the state couldn't automatically assume men were better equipped to handle an estate than women. But they had left unsettled the broader question of whether discriminating on the basis of sex was almost always unconstitutional. RBG took a deep breath and told the justices they had to finish the job they started. The state law in *Reed* and the federal one she challenged that day in *Frontiero v. Richardson*, RBG argued, drew on “the same stereotype”. The man is or should be the independent partner in a married unit. The woman, with an occasional exception, is dependent, sheltered from bread-winning experience. Suddenly, she felt the ground steady under her. These men, the most important judges in the country, were her captive audience for the next ten minutes. RBG knew so much more about the case and the topic than they did. She had to teach them. She knew how to do that. RBG had been teaching law for almost a decade. 36．What are the charactcristics possessed by RBG based on Para.1 to Para.3? A．Awkward but caring. B．Nervous but strict. C．Guilty but dctermined. D．Tricky but empathetic. 37．The job should have been finished in *Reed v. Reed* case by justices is _______. A．to stop regarding men as better handlers of an estate than women. B．to equip independcnt women to obtain rcal cstate. C．to deny a woman's right to administer her dead son's estate. D．to judge the discrimination on the basis of sex was illegal. 38．“The same stereotype”RBG challenged is_______. A．the woman is regarded as a dependent partner in the marriagc. B．the man can escape the responsibility for supporting family. C．the man is lucky to be spared the pressures of the real world. D．the woman deserves the same standing in the world as the man. 39．What is the best title for this selection? A．A Lawsuit against Gender Bias. B．Human Dignity and Equal Justice Under law. C．Women's Progress on the Bench. D．Stereotype of Women Misunderstood. 【答案】36．B 37．D 38．A 39．A 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了RBG（Ruth Bader Ginsburg）在1973年1月17日首次在最高法院辩论时的经历。她克服了紧张情绪，挑战了九位严肃的男性法官，要求他们承认宪法禁止性别歧视。 【详解】36．推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“RBG(Ruth Bader Ginsburg) had skipped the lunch the morning of January 17, 1973. She was afraid she would throw up. Wearing her mother's pin and earrings, like a soldier suiting up for battle, RBG stood alone in front of nine stone-faced men and asked them to do something they had until then refused to do: recognize that the Constitution banned sex discrimination.(1973年1月 17日上午，RBG没有吃午饭。她担心自己会呕吐。RBG戴着母亲的别针和耳环，就像一个穿上战斗服的士兵，独自站在九个面无表情的男人面前，要求他们做一些他们之前拒绝做的事情：承认宪法禁止性别歧视。)”的描述可知，RBG在面对九位表情严肃的男性法官时，感到紧张不安，但她仍然坚定地站在他们面前，要求他们承认宪法禁止性别歧视。这表明她既紧张又坚定。故选B。 37．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Fourteen months earlier, the court had ruled on the case of an ldaho woman denied the right to administer her dead son's estate because she was a woman. The justices said in *Reed v. Reed* that the state couldn't automatically assume men were better equipped to handle an estate than women. But they had left unsettled the broader question of whether discriminating on the basis of sex was almost always unconstitutional. RBG took a deep breath and told the justices they had to finish the job they started.(14个月前，法院对一名妇女的案件做出裁决，该妇女因身为女性而被剥夺了管理自己已故儿子遗产的权利。法官在*Reed v. Reed*案件中表示，该州不能自动认为男性比女性更有能力处理遗产。但他们留下了一个悬而未决的更广泛的问题，即基于性别的歧视是否是违宪的。RBG深吸了一口气，告诉法官他们必须完成他们开始的工作。)”可知，RBG认为法官们在*Reed v. Reed*案件中没有解决性别歧视是否几乎总是违宪的问题。因此，她认为法官们应该完成这项工作，即判断基于性别的歧视是非法的。故选D。 38．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“The state law in *Reed* and the federal one she challenged that day in *Frontiero v. Richardson*, RBG argued, drew on “the same stereotype”. The man is or should be the independent partner in a married unit. The woman, with an occasional exception, is dependent, sheltered from bread-winning experience.( RBG认为，*Reed*案中的州法律和她当天在*Frontiero v. Richardson*案中挑战的联邦法律都基于“同样的刻板印象”。该男子是或应该是婚姻里独立的伴侣。而这位女性，除了偶尔的例外，是依赖者，没有赚钱养家的经验。)”可知，RBG认为州法律和联邦法律都基于“同样的刻板印象”，即男性应该是婚姻中的独立伴侣，而女性则被视为依赖者，缺乏赚钱养家的经验。因此，她挑战的刻板印象是女性在婚姻中被视为依赖者。故选A。 39．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“RBG(Ruth Bader Ginsburg) had skipped the lunch the morning of January 17, 1973. She was afraid she would throw up. Wearing her mother's pin and earrings, like a soldier suiting up for battle, RBG stood alone in front of nine stone-faced men and asked them to do something they had until then refused to do: recognize that the Constitution banned sex discrimination.(1973年1月 17日上午，RBG没有吃午饭。她担心自己会呕吐。RBG戴着母亲的别针和耳环，就像一个穿上战斗服的士兵，独自站在九个面无表情的男人面前，要求他们做一些他们之前拒绝做的事情：承认想法禁止性别歧视。)”可知，本文主要讲述了RBG在1973年1月17日向最高法院提出性别歧视违宪的观点，并挑战了性别歧视的刻板印象。因此，A项“A Lawsuit against Gender Bias(反对性别偏见的诉讼)”符合文章标题。故选A。 (B) The Whistler Blackcomb Snow School is regarded as one of the best ski schools in North America. Our programs offer the best possible opportunity to improve skiing and gain confidence, skip lift lines and discover the wonders of Whistler Blackcomb.We have professional instructors from around the world to help you in your language, ability and style. Explore and book your program online now! TEEN LESSONS RIDE TRIBE FIVE-DAY PROGRAM BENEFITS Hang out with those of similar age and ability. A luncheon voucher (午餐代用券) in mountain restaurants is included. One instructor to every six kids or less. PRICING Regular Season 7 Days in advance Regular Season Within 6 Days Holiday Season 7 Days in advance Holiday Season Within 6 Days Lesson $775 $820 $825 $870 Lesson and Lift $1055 $1100 $1105 $1150 Regular season: Nov.23 to Dec.15 Holiday season: Dec.16 to Jan.14, Feb.12 to 25, Mar. 26 to Apr. 8 All prices are quoted in Canadian dollars and are subject to tax.Prices are subject to change. The five-day program starts on Monday and runs to Friday. Meet at 8:45 a.m. at the Garibaldi Lift Company Patio.Return to the deck (露天平台) of the Carleton by 3:30p.m. Each skier is required to wear a helmet. CANCELLATION POLICY No fee outside of 48 hours. Inside 48 hours, no fee to transfer to another day. Inside 48 hours, $25 for group lessons and $50 for private lessons to be refunded to a credit card. Medical reasons may be an exception. MORE INFORMATION RentSkis.com is the official ski rental booking engine for Whistler Blackcomb.It offers slope-side pick-up locations at all three mountain bases. Enter your email address below to sign up for messages from our resorts to get special offers, resort updates and snow alerts. Call 1-888-403-4727 for more information. 40．What can be concluded in Paragraph One? A．The Whistler Blackcomb Snow School is located in Canada. B．Learners can learn skiing while picking up different languages. C．Those who show interest in the programme can browse the website. D．Skiers signing up for the programme are required to master basic ability of skiing. 41．Your family would like to book the five-day programme on April 1.Your parents want to have the lift tickets while you don't. How much does it cost if you book online in February? A．$2885. B．$3020. C．$3035. D．$3170. 42．What can we infer from the passage? A．All the prices quoted in Canadian dollars on the website are fixed. B．Those who enter for the programme will be classified according to the ski ability. C．There is no need for the skiers to bring anything during the five-day programme D．Skiers should cancel the programme 2 weeks in advance if the money is to be refunded. 【答案】40．C 41．C 42．B 【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一则广告信息，主要介绍的是Whistler Blackcomb滑雪学校的相关信息，包括课程、价格、预定方式等等。 40．细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Explore and book your program online now!(现在探索和预订你的项目吧)”可知，对该滑雪项目感兴趣的人可以在网上获取信息，所以C选项“Those who show interest in the programme can browse the website.(对该项目感兴趣的人可以浏览网站)”符合题意。故选C项。 41．细节理解题。根据文章“Holiday season: Dec.16 to Jan.14, Feb.12 to 25, Mar. 26 to Apr. 8 (假期赛季：12月16日至1月14日，2月12 至25日， 3月26日至4月8日)”可知，题目中要求预约的日期4月1日为假期赛季。根据文章价目表，7日内的假期赛季课程票为825美金，课程与提升票价为1105美金。根据题目要求，要预定5天的项目，需要1张课程票，2张提升票，故总价为3035美金。故选C项。 42．推理判断题。根据文章“Hang out with those of similar age and ability.(和年龄和能力相似的人在一起出去)”可以推断，该项目是按照项目和能力分类的，与B选项“Those who enter for the programme will be classified according to the ski ability.(报名参加这个项目的人将根据滑雪能力进行分类)”意思相符。故选B项。 (C) Parents exhausted by their children may have suspected it all along. Youngsters have greater energy levels than professional endurance athletes, scientists have discovered, meaning it is virtually impossible for the average adult to keep up. And for mothers and fathers hoping that tiring out their little ones will ensure a good night’s sleep, be warned. Children also have an impressive recovery time, and will be back to their best quicker than parents’ expectation. “We found the children used more of their aerobic metabolism (有氧代谢) and were therefore less tired during the high-intensity physical activities.” said Sebastien Ratel, associate professor in Exercise Physiology who completed this study. ‌“This may explain why children seem to have the ability to play and play and play, long after adults have become tired.” Previous studies have shown that children do not tire as quickly as untrained adults during physical tasks and it was suggested they had energy profiles comparable to endurance athletes, but there was no evidence to prove it until now. To find out, the researchers recruited 12 youngsters aged between nine and 11, 12 untrained men and 13 male endurance athletes who were national-level professional athletes or long-distance runners and cyclists. All were asked to perform two seven second resistance sprints (冲刺跑), followed by one minute recovery while their aerobic energy output was measured. On a second visit they were asked to cycle as fast as they can for 30 seconds. Anaerobic exercise produces lactic acid, which causes muscle fatigue. The participants’ heart-rate, oxygen levels and lactate-removal rates were checked after the cycling tasks to see how quickly they recovered. It was found that during the cycling test, untrained adult’s power output fell by 51.8 per cent, and athletes by 41.8 per cent, but children’s only decreased by 35.2 per cent. The researchers believe the findings could help develop athletic potential in children as well as improve our understanding of how our bodies change from childhood to adulthood. “Many parents ask about the best way to develop their child’s athletic potential,” said co-author Anthony Blazevich, professor in Biomechanics. “Our study shows that muscle endurance is often very good in children, so it might be better to focus on other areas of fitness such as their sports technique, sprint speed or muscle strength. This may help to improve physical training in children, so that they perform better and enjoy sports more.” 43．What does the “it” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．Children are better at many sports than most adults. B．Children recover from wounds quicker than adults. C．Children have a higher energy level than most adults. D．Children sleep better than adults when they are tired. 44．Compared to previous studies, the study by Sebastien Ratel is unique because it . A．found out for the first time why children were less exhausted by physical activities B．provided parents with scientific evidence for how to ensure children rest well C．proved for the first time that children’s endurance could be greater than athletes’ D．showed that children could be trained to complete high-intensity sports activities 45．What can be inferred from the data collected during the cycling test in paragraph 5? A．Children have more muscle strength than adults. B．Children experience less muscle fatigue than adults. C．Children develop less lactic acid than adults when exercising. D．Children show better techniques than adults in sporting activities. 46．According to Anthony Blazevich, the findings of this study may help us to . A．improve adults’ muscle endurance B．develop children’s athletic ability C．lower children’s decreased power output D．lift children’s aerobic metabolism level 【答案】43．C 44．C 45．B 46．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项科学研究，该研究发现儿童比专业耐力运动员拥有更高的能量水平和更快的恢复速度，并探讨了这一发现对儿童体育训练的启示。 【详解】43．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Parents exhausted by their children may have suspected it all along. (被孩子累坏的父母可能一直怀疑这一点)”以及第二段中“Youngsters have greater energy levels than professional endurance athletes, scientists have discovered (科学家发现，儿童的能量水平高于专业耐力运动员)”可知，父母一直怀疑的是“儿童比大多数成年人拥有更高的能量水平”，所以it指代的是下文中的“Children have a higher energy level than most adults.”。故选C项。 44．推理判断题。根据第三段““We found the children used more of their aerobic metabolism (有氧代谢) and were therefore less tired during the high-intensity physical activities.” said Sebastien Ratel, associate professor in Exercise Physiology who completed this study. ‌“This may explain why children seem to have the ability to play and play and play, long after adults have become tired.”(“我们发现，儿童在高强度体力活动中会更多地利用有氧代谢，因此不易感到疲劳。”完成这项研究的运动生理学副教授Sebastien Ratel说，“这或许解释了为什么孩子们似乎能够一直玩下去，而大人们早已精疲力竭。”)”、第四段“Previous studies have shown that children do not tire as quickly as untrained adults during physical tasks and it was suggested they had energy profiles comparable to endurance athletes, but there was no evidence to prove it until now. (先前的研究表明，儿童在体力活动中不像未受过训练的成年人那样容易疲劳，并有人提出他们的能量状况可与耐力运动员相媲美，但直到现在才有证据证明这一点)”和第五段中“It was found that during the cycling test, untrained adult’s power output fell by 51.8 per cent, and athletes by 41.8 per cent, but children’s only decreased by 35.2 per cent.(研究发现，在骑行测试中，未经训练的成年人功率输出下降了51.8%，运动员下降了41.8%，而儿童的降幅仅为35.2%)”可知，Sebastien Ratel的研究独特之处在于它首次证明了儿童的耐力可能比运动员更强。故选C项。 45．推理判断题。根据第五段中“On a second visit they were asked to cycle as fast as they can for 30 seconds. Anaerobic exercise produces lactic acid, which causes muscle fatigue. The participants’ heart-rate, oxygen levels and lactate-removal rates were checked after the cycling tasks to see how quickly they recovered. It was found that during the cycling test, untrained adult’s power output fell by 51.8 per cent, and athletes by 41.8 per cent, but children’s only decreased by 35.2 per cent. (在第二次测试中，他们被要求以最快速度骑行30秒。无氧运动会产生乳酸，进而导致肌肉疲劳。研究人员在骑行任务后检测了参与者的心率、血氧水平及乳酸清除率，以评估他们的恢复速度。研究发现，在骑行测试中，未经训练的成年人功率输出下降了51.8%，运动员下降了41.8%，而儿童的降幅仅为35.2%)”可知，儿童的功率输出下降最少，这说明儿童在运动中经历的肌肉疲劳比成年人少。故选B项。 46．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The researchers believe the findings could help develop athletic potential in children (研究人员认为，这些发现可能有助于开发儿童的运动潜能)”以及Anthony Blazevich所说“Our study shows that muscle endurance is often very good in children, so it might be better to focus on other areas of fitness such as their sports technique, sprint speed or muscle strength. This may help to improve physical training in children, so that they perform better and enjoy sports more. (我们的研究表明，儿童的肌肉耐力通常非常好，因此或许最好将重点放在体能的其他方面，比如他们的运动技术、冲刺速度或肌肉力量。这可能有助于改善儿童的体能训练，让他们表现更好，更享受运动)”可知，这项研究的发现可能有助于开发儿童的运动能力。故选B项。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Some people have said aging is more a slide into forgetfulness than a journey towards wisdom. However, a growing body of research suggests that late-in-life learning is possible. 47 Throughout life, people’s brains constantly renovate themselves. In the late 1960s, British brain scientist Geoffrey Raisman spied growth in damaged brain regions of rats through an electron microscope; their brains were forging new connections. This meant brains may change every time a person learns something new. Of course, that doesn’t mean the brain isn’t affected by the effects of time. 48 Humans lose about 4 percent every decade starting in their 40s. But that reduction doesn’t necessarily make people think slower. As long as we are alive and functioning, we can alter our brains with new information and experiences. In fact, scientists now suspect accumulating novel experiences, facts, and skills can keep people’s minds more flexible. New pathways can strengthen our ever-changing mental structure, even as the brain shrinks. Conventional fixes like word puzzles and brain-training apps can contribute to mental durability. Even something as simple as taking a different route to the grocery store or going somewhere new on vacation can keep the brain healthy. 49 Research about aging adults who take on new enterprises shows improved function and memory as well as a reduced risk of mental disease. Openness — a characteristic defined by curiosity and a desire for knowledge — may also help folks pass brain tests. 50 While genes can encourage an interest in doing new things, a 2012 study in the journal Psychology and Aging found completing reasoning tasks like puzzles and number games can enhance that desire for novel experiences, which can, in turn, refresh the brain. That’s why brain scientist Richard Kennedy says “It’s not that old dogs can’t learn new tricks. It’s that maybe old dogs don’t realize why they should.” A．The capacity to hold and manipulate information in the short-term declines. B．Some folks are born with this take-in-the-world attitude, those who aren’t as genetically gifted aren’t necessarily out of luck. C．In reality, education does an aging brain good. D．By sustained learning, late-in-life learners can experience improvements in memory recall and attention span. E．A desire for new life challenges can further boost brainpower. F．Just as height usually declines over the years, so does brain volume. 【答案】47．C 48．F 49．E 50．B 【导语】文章主要讲述了研究表明大脑终身具有可塑性，晚年持续学习与接受新挑战有助于保持大脑活力与认知功能。 【详解】47．由上文“However, a growing body of research suggests that late-in-life learning is possible.(然而，越来越多的研究表明晚年学习是可能的。)”及下文“Throughout life, people’s brains constantly renovate themselves.(人的一生中，大脑会不断地自我更新。)”可知，上文提出晚年学习是可能的这一观点，下文具体解释大脑如何实现这一点，本空应进一步强调晚年学习的积极效果。C选项“事实上，教育对衰老的大脑有益。”能承上启下，引出下文对大脑自我更新能力的阐述，符合语境。 48．由上文“Of course, that doesn’t mean the brain isn’t affected by the effects of time.(当然，这并不意味着大脑不受时间的影响。)”及下文“Humans lose about 4 percent every decade starting in their 40s.(人类从40多岁开始，每十年失去约4%。)”可知，上文提到大脑也会受到时间影响，下文具体说明大脑体积的减少，本空应引出大脑随时间发生的具体变化。F选项“就像身高通常会随着年龄增长而下降一样，大脑体积也是如此。”中的“brain volume”与下文“lose about 4 percent”相呼应，能承上启下，符合语境。 49．由下文“Research about aging adults who take on new enterprises shows improved function and memory as well as a reduced risk of mental disease.(关于接受新挑战的老年人的研究表明，他们的功能和记忆力得到改善，患精神疾病的风险也降低了。)”可知，下文说明接受新挑战的益处，本空应总起说明新体验对脑力的促进作用。E选项“对新生活挑战的渴望可以进一步增强脑力。”能引出下文，符合语境。 50．由上文“Openness — a characteristic defined by curiosity and a desire for knowledge — may also help folks pass brain tests.(开放性——一种以好奇心和求知欲为特征的特质——也可能帮助人们通过大脑测试。)”及下文“While genes can encourage an  interest in doing new things, a 2012 study in the journal Psychology  and Aging found completing reasoning tasks like puzzles and number games  can enhance that desire for novel experiences, which can, in turn,  refresh the brain.(虽然基因会让人对尝试新事物产生兴趣，但《Psychology and Aging》期刊 2012 年的一项研究发现，完成解谜、数字游戏等推理类任务，能够增强人们对新奇体验的渴望，进而活化大脑。)”可知，上文提到开放性特质的作用，下文说明即使基因不占优势也可以通过训练提升这种渴望，本空应说明基因并非决定性因素。B选项“有些人天生就有这种接纳世界的态度，而那些基因天赋没那么好的人也未必运气不佳。”能承上启下，符合语境。 IV. Summary Writing 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Can we improve our memory? We’ve all been there- staring at a pile of books, desperately hoping that what we study will stick in our mind. Many of us have probably asked if there’s any way that we can get better at remembering things. So, why don’t we look at what memory experts say about this? Every student who has made flashcards knows that it can be helpful to go back over what they’ve studied before. According to The Learning Scientists-a group of cognitive scientists we can learn things better if we wait for some time before trying to study them again. They say that trying to get something back from your memory after you have had some time to forget it will make it easier to remember in future. Similarly, David Robson, a columnist, highlights studies that show taking some time to just do nothing after studying might mean that you can remember things better afterwards. We don’t know exactly why this happens, but it has been suggested that it’s to do with the relationship between long-term and short-term memory. Another study tip from The Learning Scientists is to change between different topics as you study. They say this can help you build links between different ideas. Now linking ideas and relating them to each other or to images are often suggested as good ways to memorize something. Former world memory champion Jonathan Hancock highlights how picturing pieces of information in different physical locations or linking them to memorable images makes them easier to remember. Linking new information to things that are easier to remember is a technique that many people use-it could be making letter patterns into words called memories, or by sorting things into categories. Memory is not a fixed or innate ability but rather a skill that can be developed and enhanced through deliberate practice and effective strategies. So, the good news to take from this is that while it may be hard, improving our memory is something we can control. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】    Memory experts suggest several ways to improve memory. Waiting some time before restudying material, or taking breaks after studying, can help retain information. Changing between different topics during study sessions also enhances memory, for linking ideas and using memorable images or locations for new information can help. Improving memory is within our control, making it possible to retain more effectively. (60w) 【导语】本文主要讲的是记忆并非天生固定的能力，我们可以借助记忆专家提出的多种实用策略来改善记忆力，这些经过验证的方法能帮我们更高效地巩固所学内容，最终实现自主提升记忆效果的目标。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①So, why don’t we look at what memory experts say about this? ②According to The Learning Scientists-a group of cognitive scientists we can learn things better if we wait for some time before trying to study them again. ③Similarly, David Robson, a columnist, highlights studies that show taking some time to just do nothing after studying might mean that you can remember things better afterwards. ④Another study tip from The Learning Scientists is to change between different topics as you study. They say this can help you build links between different ideas. ⑤Memory is not a fixed or innate ability but rather a skill that can be developed and enhanced through deliberate practice and effective strategies. 2.缜密构思 将第1、5两个核心总述要点进行整合，将第2、3、4三个分述的具体方法要点进行分类重组。 3.遣词造句 Memory experts have put forward several effective strategies which can improve our memory. Proper delayed revision, post-study breaks, cross-topic learning and information association all help us retain content better. Since memory is a trainable skill, we can totally manage to improve our memory through these methods. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Waiting some time before restudying material, or taking breaks after studying, can help retain information.(运用了动名词短语作主语) [高分句型2] Improving memory is within our control, making it possible to retain more effectively.(运用了动名词作主语以及现在分词作状语) V. Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．那些游客在徒步时迷路，你觉得该怪谁? (blame ) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Who do you think is to blame for those tourists getting lost during their hike? 【详解】“该怪谁?”是特殊疑问句，表达为Who is to blame?，“你觉得”作疑问句中插入语，表达为do you think；“那些游客在徒步时迷路”是有人应该受到责备的原因，用介词for引出，“那些游客”表达为those tourists，“在徒步时迷路”表达为get lost during their hike，此处作介词for的宾语，用动名词形式getting lost。 53．新出土的雕刻制品超越以往考古发现，揭示了古代工艺水平。（cast） _______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The newly unearthed sculptures are superior to previous archaeological findings, casting light on ancient craftsmanship. 【详解】考查固定短语、形容词和非谓语动词。根据句意，该句描述考古发现的客观事实，全句使用一般现在时，表示“新出土的雕刻制品”为the newly unearthed sculptures作主语，位于句首首字母需大写，“新出土的”为newly unearthed作定语修饰sculptures；表示“超越以往考古发现”使用形容词固定搭配be superior to，主语sculptures为复数，所以be动词为are，“以往考古发现”为previous archaeological findings作介词to的宾语，因此该部分译为are superior to previous archaeological findings；表示“揭示了古代工艺水平”作结果状语，与主语The newly unearthed sculptures为主动关系，使用现在分词形式，“揭示”为cast light on，其现在分词为casting，“古代工艺水平”为ancient craftsmanship作宾语，因此该部分译为casting light on ancient craftsmanship。故翻译为The newly unearthed sculptures are superior to previous archaeological findings, casting light on ancient craftsmanship. 54．上周二，我在一家二手书店淘到了一本漫画书，虽略显陈旧，但插图生动、文字清晰，堪称物超所值。 (worth) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Last Tuesday, I picked up a comic book at a second-hand bookstore; though it was slightly worn, its vivid illustrations and clear text made it well worth the price. 【详解】考查形容词、固定短语、状语从句和时态。中文原句可拆分为两个分句，用分号连接；“上周二，我在一家二手书店淘到了一本漫画书”是第1分句，时间状语“上周二”译为last Tuesday，主语“我”用人称代词I；地点状语“在一家二手书店”译为介词短语at a second-hand bookstore，谓语“淘到”用动词短语pick up表示，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态picked up，宾语“一本漫画书”译为a comic book；“虽略显陈旧，但插图生动、文字清晰，堪称物超所值”是第2分句，“虽略显陈旧”是让步状语从句，用从属连词though引导，译为though it was slightly worn，“插图生动、文字清晰”可处理为主句主语，译为its vivid illustrations and clear text，“堪称物超所值”可翻译为made it well worth the price，其中谓语动词made是使役动词，固定短语well worth the price表示“物有所值”。综上，全句译为：Last Tuesday, I picked up a comic book at a second-hand bookstore; though it was slightly worn, its vivid illustrations and clear text made it well worth the price. 55．这部关于宋朝历史的小说一出版便备受推崇，连外国读者都争相购买，销售量远超同类作品。(whose) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The historical novel about the Song Dynasty, whose sales went far beyond those in the same category/of the same kind, was highly favored upon its publication, and even foreign readers rushed to buy it. 【详解】考查固定短语和定语从句。句子陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时；“这部关于宋朝历史的小说”用the historical novel about the Song Dynasty，作主语，“备受推崇”用be highly favored，主语novel是第三人称单数，be用was，“一出版”用upon its publication，作时间状语，“连”即“甚至”用副词even，“外国读者”用foreign readers，“争相购买”用rush to buy its copies，rush作谓语，用过去式rushed，“这部关于宋朝历史的小说一出版便备受推崇”和“连外国读者都争相购买”是并列关系，用and连接；“销售量远超同类作品”处理为修饰novel的非限制性定语从句，“销售”用名词sales，和先行词copies之间为所属关系，用关系代词whose作引导词，“远远超过”用go far beyond，go作谓语，用过去式went，宾语“同类作品”用those in the same category/of the same kind。综上，故翻译为：The historical novel about the Song Dynasty, whose sales went far beyond those in the same category/of the same kind, was highly favored upon its publication, and even foreign readers rushed to buy it. VI. Guided Writing (共25分) 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 180-200 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你所在学校的英文校报正在征集关于 “美育(aesthetic education)”的投稿。你注意到，尽管学校开设了音乐、美术等课程，但很多同学对 “美” 的理解仍然停留在 “外在形式”“技能掌握” 或 “潮流时尚” 等层面，缺乏对优秀传统文化艺术（如书法、国画、古典音乐）的真正欣赏和感受能力。请就此话题写一篇稿件，内容包括： 1.简要描述当前中学生美育教育中存在的问题； 2.分析导致这一问题的原因； 3.提出改善美育现状的建议。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 As an essential part of middle school education, aesthetic education is widely carried out in our school, with music and art courses provided. Yet many students have a superficial understanding of beauty, focusing merely on external forms, skill mastery or fashion trends and lacking the ability to truly appreciate traditional arts like calligraphy and Chinese painting. There are three main reasons for this. For one thing, buried in academic work, students have little time to explore traditional art. For another thing, aesthetic courses lay more stress on skill training rather than guiding students to feel art’s inner beauty and cultural connotation. Finally, popular culture exerts a great influence, making students favor trendy things over traditional arts. To change this situation, joint efforts are needed. It is schools that should hold traditional art activities to arouse students’ interest. Teachers, meanwhile, ought to adjust teaching methods. They inspire students to understand the charm behind artworks. As for students, they need to take the initiative to learn traditional culture, cultivating the ability to discover inner beauty. Only in this way can aesthetic education play its real role and help students form a correct view of beauty. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生结合学校美育开设现状，描述中学生美育教育存在的问题、分析成因并提出改善建议。      【详解】1.词汇积累    开展；实行：carry out → conduct 欣赏：appreciate → admire 强调；重视：lay stress on → focus on/ highlight/ lay emphasis on 培养：cultivate → foster 2.句式拓展    合并简单句 原句：Teachers, meanwhile, ought to adjust teaching methods. They inspire students to understand the charm behind artworks. 拓展句：Teachers, meanwhile, ought to adjust teaching methods, inspiring students to understand the charm behind artworks. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As an essential part of middle school education, aesthetic education is widely carried out in our school, with music and art courses provided. (运用了with+宾语+过去分词结构做状语) 【高分句型2】It is schools that should hold traditional art activities to arouse students’ interest. (运用了强调句型It is... that...) 【高分句型3】Only in this way can aesthetic education play its real role and help students form a correct view of beauty. (运用了Only+状语置于句首的部分倒装结构) 试卷第2页，共23页 试卷第1页，共23页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027年高考一轮复习调研卷（上海卷02） 英语·解析版 （听力部分） I. Listening Comprehension Section A （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In an office. D. In a furniture store. 2. A. Three. B. Six C. Nine. D. Twelve. 3. A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and parent. C. Husband and wife. D. Teacher and student. 4. A. Doubtful. B. Excited. C. Frustrated. D. Indifferent. 5. A. He had a worthy trip. B. He didn’t enjoy the trip. C. The trip was too exhausting. D. The trip took him by surprise. 6. A. Press the button of every floor. B. Take another lift down to the 7th floor. C. Ask the woman which floor she’s going to. D. Stay in the same lift to go down to his floor. 7. A. The size of the electric vehicle market. B. A new trend in the car making industry. C. The very profitable business of making cakes. D. How manufacturers profit from making electric cars. 8. A. The woman was a new customer of the garage. B. The woman called to make a complaint about the garage’s service. C. The woman hadn’t expected the maintenance service to take so long. D. The woman was satisfied with the improvement in the garage’s service. 9. A. The man didn’t intend to make the woman unhappy. B. The man thought the woman was being unreasonable. C. The man believed the woman had misunderstood him. D. The man wanted to say something upsetting to the woman. 10. A. The woman may need to reevaluate her priorities. B. The woman should deal with the urgent matters first. C. The woman has failed to take care of the urgent matters. D. The woman should keep track of everything using a to-do list. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. He was laughed at by other students. B. He was interested in studying in his youth. C. He got his graduate degree at the age of 60. D. He made his fellow students more open-minded. 12. A. Considerate. B. Independent. C. Intelligent. D. Energetic. 13. A. It is never too late to learn. B. Two heads are better than one. C. A friend in need is friend indeed. D. You can’t teach an old dog new tricks. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Alert. B. Unfocused. C. Awake. D. Busy. 15. A. They are solution providers. B. They are a source of inspiration. C. They are normally full of bad news. D. They are more educational than websites. 16. A. Drink more coffee. B. Scroll through news websites. C. Allow ourselves some time to relax. D. Release our stress with constant complaints. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Open. B. Selfish. C. Friendly. D. Reserved. 18. A. They stay quiet. B. They read a book. C. They talk about the weather. D. They chat with fellow passengers. 19. A. She was always treated as a foreigner. B. She was eager to visit an English castle. C. She was never invited to a colleague’s home. D. She was unwilling to make friends with workmates. 20. A. Houses are much quieter. B. Houses provide more privacy. C. They want to have more space. D. They want a garden of their own, ( 3 / 3 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027年高考一轮复习调研卷（上海卷02） 英语·解析版 （听力部分） I. Listening Comprehension Section A （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In an office. D. In a furniture store. 2. A. Three. B. Six C. Nine. D. Twelve. 3. A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and parent. C. Husband and wife. D. Teacher and student. 4. A. Doubtful. B. Excited. C. Frustrated. D. Indifferent. 5. A. He had a worthy trip. B. He didn’t enjoy the trip. C. The trip was too exhausting. D. The trip took him by surprise. 6. A. Press the button of every floor. B. Take another lift down to the 7th floor. C. Ask the woman which floor she’s going to. D. Stay in the same lift to go down to his floor. 7. A. The size of the electric vehicle market. B. A new trend in the car making industry. C. The very profitable business of making cakes. D. How manufacturers profit from making electric cars. 8. A. The woman was a new customer of the garage. B. The woman called to make a complaint about the garage’s service. C. The woman hadn’t expected the maintenance service to take so long. D. The woman was satisfied with the improvement in the garage’s service. 9. A. The man didn’t intend to make the woman unhappy. B. The man thought the woman was being unreasonable. C. The man believed the woman had misunderstood him. D. The man wanted to say something upsetting to the woman. 10. A. The woman may need to reevaluate her priorities. B. The woman should deal with the urgent matters first. C. The woman has failed to take care of the urgent matters. D. The woman should keep track of everything using a to-do list. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. He was laughed at by other students. B. He was interested in studying in his youth. C. He got his graduate degree at the age of 60. D. He made his fellow students more open-minded. 12. A. Considerate. B. Independent. C. Intelligent. D. Energetic. 13. A. It is never too late to learn. B. Two heads are better than one. C. A friend in need is friend indeed. D. You can’t teach an old dog new tricks. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Alert. B. Unfocused. C. Awake. D. Busy. 15. A. They are solution providers. B. They are a source of inspiration. C. They are normally full of bad news. D. They are more educational than websites. 16. A. Drink more coffee. B. Scroll through news websites. C. Allow ourselves some time to relax. D. Release our stress with constant complaints. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Open. B. Selfish. C. Friendly. D. Reserved. 18. A. They stay quiet. B. They read a book. C. They talk about the weather. D. They chat with fellow passengers. 19. A. She was always treated as a foreigner. B. She was eager to visit an English castle. C. She was never invited to a colleague’s home. D. She was unwilling to make friends with workmates. 20. A. Houses are much quieter. B. Houses provide more privacy. C. They want to have more space. D. They want a garden of their own, 【听力答案】 1-5 BBCDA   6-10 DBCAA 11-13 DDA    14-16 BCC    17-20 DACB 附：听力文字稿 Tape Script I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. W: Excuse me, I’m looking for Option B. M: Oh, it’s right there, on the bestseller shelf facing the main entrance. Q: Where does this conversation take place? 2. M: Do we have enough eggs for breakfast tomorrow? W: I picked up a dozen the other day. Last time I checked, the box was half full. Q: How many eggs do they have? 3. W: Mrs. Clark just called. She suggested we talk with Sam about this fight he’d gotten into at school. M: OK. I’ll come home early tonight. Q: What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers? 4. M: Great news! The deadline has been postponed for a week. W: Well, I’d still like to lift this burden from my shoulders sooner rather than later. Q: How does the woman feel about the news? 5. W: How do you feel now that you’re back from your trip? M: My legs are the sorest they’ve ever been, but it feels like I have renewed perspective. Q: What does the man mean? 6. M: Oh no, I forgot to press the button. I should’ve gotten off at the 7th floor. W: Don’t worry. One more floor and you will be going down.   Q: What is the man probably going to do next? 7. W: Why does everyone seem to be joining the electric vehicle race? M: Honestly, I’m not surprised. It’s just too big a cake to pass up. Q: What are the two speakers talking about? 8. M: Good morning, I’m with Road Buddy Garage. Were you satisfied with our service yesterday, Ma’am?   W: I’m afraid there’s much room for improvement. Five hours for some regular maintenance was not reasonable. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 9. W: It’s not a very good feeling when your tolerance has been taken for granted again and again. M: I’m sorry that I’ve made you feel that way. The last thing I want to do is to upset you. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 10. M: I’m so tired of always feeling so rushed. W: Maybe the problem is that you’ve mistaken what’s urgent for what’s important. Q: What does the woman imply?   Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation and the passages. The conversation and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. Many schools across the U.S. hold graduation ceremonies this time of year. In some schools, even five- and six-year-olds observe their graduation from kindergarten. Meanwhile, some much older people are graduating too. Meet 70-year-old Jerry Reid, who just graduated from the University of Virginia. He earned a bachelor’s degree. Mr. Reid might not look like the average college student; his hair is definitely grayer. But still, his age is easy to forget. Other college peers know him as one of their own. He joined a men’s group on campus. He sang songs along with many other students. Mr. Reid’s school friends say they can talk to him just about anything. About a half century ago, in his twenties, Mr. Reid was not in school. Instead, he was racing cars and chasing girls. But he says his friend Bill invited him to parties held in universities. “Bill told me what a terrible life I had unless I came up here and went to school with him,” said Reid. That was in 1963. Mr. Reid says it took him 48 years to take that advice. In 2011, he entered college. His professor, Luke Wright, says Mr. Reid influences students. He opened the minds of the young adults and showed them that life does not end at 40. Instead, the 70-year-old college graduate believes that getting older can be the beginning of a dream. “Remember that the path you left waits for you. It’s there. It’s yours. All you must do is to get out of your own way and get back to it. And that’s exactly what I did,” said Mr. Reid. He says that he and his wife Susan would take some time off now to enjoy his college degree. Then, he’ll continue his studies for his graduate degree. (Now listen again.) Questions: 11. Which of the following is true of Mr. Reid? 12. Which of the following words best describes Mr. Reid? 13. What lesson can we learn from the story of Jerry Reid? Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. Every day, the alarm clock announces the start of another busy weekday in the morning. We jump out of bed, rush into the shower, into our clothes and out the door with hardly a moment to think.      The way most of us spend our mornings is exactly opposite to the conditions that promote flexible, open-minded thinking. Imaginative ideas are most likely to come to us when we’re unfocused. The stress slows down the speed with which signals travel between neurons, making inspiration less likely to occur. And while we all should read a lot about what’s going on in the world, it would not make us feel good for sure, so put that news website or newspaper aside until after the day’s work is done.      So what would our mornings look like if we wanted to fully prepare ourselves for creative problem-solving? We’d set the alarm a few minutes early and lie awake in bed, following our thoughts where they lead. We’d stand a little longer under the warm water of the shower, stopping thinking about tasks in favor of a few more minutes of relaxation. We’d take some deep breaths on our way to work, instead of complaining about heavy traffic. And once in the office — after we get a cup of coffee—we’d click on links not to the news of the day but to the funniest videos the internet has to offer.   (Now listen again.) Questions: 14. When are we most creative according to the passage?    15. Which of the following is true about newspapers? 16. What does the speaker suggest we should do before working in the morning?   Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following longer conversation. M: We’ll talk about something that foreigners always say when they visit Britain. It’s “Why are the British so cold?” And they’re talking about the British personality—the famous British “reserve.” It means that we aren’t very friendly, we aren’t very open. W: So do you think it’s true? M: It’s a difficult one. So many people who visit Britain say it’s difficult to make friends with British people. They say we’re cold, reserved, unfriendly ... W: I think it’s true. Look at Americans or Australians. They speak the same language, but they’re much more open. And you see it when you travel. People—I mean strangers—speak to you on the street or on the train. British people seldom speak on the train. Or the bus. Not in London, anyway. M: “Not in London.” That’s it. Capital cities are full of tourists and are never very friendly. People are different in other parts of the country. W: Not completely. I met a woman once, an Italian. She’s been working in Manchester for two years, and no one—not one of her colleagues—had ever invited her to their home. They were friendly to her at work, but nothing else. She couldn’t believe it. She said that would never happen in Italy. M: You know what they say—“an Englishman’s home is his castle.” It’s really difficult to get inside. W: Yeah. It’s about being private. You go home to your house and your garden and you close the door. It’s your place. M: That’s why the British don’t like flats. They prefer to live in houses. W: That’s true. (Now listen again.) Questions: 17. What do foreigners generally think of British people according to the man? 18. What may British people typically do on the train, according to the woman? 19. What does the woman say about the Italian woman working in Manchester? 20. Why do British people prefer houses to flats? ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027年高考一轮复习调研卷（上海卷02） 英语·参考答案 I. Listening Comprehension (共25分。 1-10每题1分；11-20每题1.5分) 1-5 BBCDA   6-10 DBCAA 11-13 DDA    14-16 BCC    17-20 DACB II. Grammar and Vocabulary (共20 分。每小题1分) Section A 1．that 2．whether 3．varies 4．cracked 5．like/including 6．something 7．reducing 8．less dramatic 9．through/against 10．but Section B 11．G 12．F 13．H 14．E 15．J 16．D 17．I 18．A 19．K 20．B III. Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A 21．C 22．A 23．A 24．C 25．B 26．C 27．D 28．D 29．B 30．D 31．A 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．B Section B 36．B 37．D 38．A 39．A 40．C 41．C 42．B 43．C 44．C 45．B 46．B Section C 47．C 48．F 49．E 50．B IV. Summary Writing (共10 分) Memory experts suggest several ways to improve memory. Waiting some time before restudying material, or taking breaks after studying, can help retain information. Changing between different topics during study sessions also enhances memory, for linking ideas and using memorable images or locations for new information can help. Improving memory is within our control, making it possible to retain more effectively. (60w) V. Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题，每题3分；第3题4分；第4题5分。) 【52】Who do you think is to blame for those tourists getting lost during their hike? 【53】The newly unearthed sculptures are superior to previous archaeological findings, casting light on ancient craftsmanship. 【54】Last Tuesday, I picked up a comic book at a second-hand bookstore; though it was slightly worn, its vivid illustrations and clear text made it well worth the price. 【55】The historical novel about the Song Dynasty, whose sales went far beyond those in the same category/of the same kind, was highly favored upon its publication, and even foreign readers rushed to buy it. V. Guided Writing (共25分) As an essential part of middle school education, aesthetic education is widely carried out in our school, with music and art courses provided. Yet many students have a superficial understanding of beauty, focusing merely on external forms, skill mastery or fashion trends and lacking the ability to truly appreciate traditional arts like calligraphy and Chinese painting. There are three main reasons for this. For one thing, buried in academic work, students have little time to explore traditional art. For another thing, aesthetic courses lay more stress on skill training rather than guiding students to feel art’s inner beauty and cultural connotation. Finally, popular culture exerts a great influence, making students favor trendy things over traditional arts. To change this situation, joint efforts are needed. It is schools that should hold traditional art activities to arouse students’ interest. Teachers, meanwhile, ought to adjust teaching methods. They inspire students to understand the charm behind artworks. As for students, they need to take the initiative to learn traditional culture, cultivating the ability to discover inner beauty. Only in this way can aesthetic education play its real role and help students form a correct view of beauty. 1 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027年高考一轮复习调研卷（上海卷02） 英语·考试版 （笔试部分） II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Getting Over The“Ick” Getting the “ick” can ruin a budding romance or an ongoing date. It’s that sudden feeling of disgust 1 makes you want to back away. Maybe you heard them make an awkward noise, mock someone unfairly, or eat messily. Once the “ick” sets in, it’s hard to shake off, leaving you questioning 2 to move forward. Disgust, though often overlooked in research, is a strong, primal (原始的) emotion. Like fear or anger, it’s triggered in specific situations and 3 (vary) between individuals. While some reactions are universal — like disgust at rotting food or unhygienic acts — people with high sensitivity to disgust might feel it even in slight situations, such as a partner’s 4 (crack) lips or messy eating. Disgust evolved to protect us from harm, 5 spoiled food or moral wrongdoing. However, when it rushed into our romantic lives, it raises questions: Is it a signal to stop, or 6 we can work through? Studies show that heightened disgust sensitivity is linked to emotional challenges, such as low desire or aversion. In relationships, mismatched thresholds for disgust can cause conflicts — one partner’s limits might feel restrictive to the other. Overcoming the “ick” involves 7 (reduce) disgust sensitivity. Disgust can be reduced in much the same way as we work to reduce a person’s fear: Gradual exposure to increasingly greater levels of the stimulus. In other words, start small and increase your exposure to the thing that makes you disgusted and your response will become 8 (dramatic). If the “ick” is tied to a person rather than an act, reflection is key. Strong initial feelings of connection may be worth working 9 the discomfort. Relationships often allow us to overlook flaws, 10 if the trigger is a true dealbreaker — something morally unacceptable — it’s time to trust your instincts and move on. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．dampening     B．desperately     C． extensively     D．gains         E. impact     F. launched      G. revolutionary     H. sandwiched     I. securing         J. shaved     K. wear Do better shoes help you run faster? Modern competitive running entered a new era in 2016, when Nike began distributing a prototype trainer to elite runners. The new shoes were designed to look like Nike’s top publicly available model, the Zoom Streak 6, but the soles featured a(n) 11 new design. And regular runners were able to get their hands on them in 2017 when the company 12 the Zoom Vaporfly 4%, the first true super shoe. “Most super shoes follow the same pattern,” explains Jens Jakob Andersen, founder of RunRepeat, a website that “road-tests” trainers. Typically have curved soles made of a hard carbon plate 13 between layers of specially engineered springy foam. The carbon plate is often very thick — up to 40mm tall at the heel. These features make running easier. Platformed soles encourage a slightly longer stride, which means fewer steps per kilometre. And a soft base, which absorbs 14 before bouncing back up, eases the pressure on leg muscles. The results speak for themselves. Studies estimate that the high-tech trainers have 15 between one and four minutes off elite marathon times. Regular runners benefit too. In 2019 the New York Times analyzed real-world marathon data to measure the speed 16 owed to Nike’s Vaporfly. They found that runners wearing super shoes completed races 4-5% faster than those in average trainers. However, 17 this extra speed demands a substantial expenditure. Adidas’s top model, the Pro Evo 1—worn by Ethiopia’s Tigst Assefa during her record-breaking Berlin marathon in 2023—cost $500. And, as the miles add up, most super shoes quickly lose grip and the foam in the sole wears out, 18 their signature springiness. So, with a big race approaching, runners may wonder about the best sneaker strategy. Mr. Andersen’s opinion, super shoes should be broken in a little: he suggests around 20-50km of pre-race use, to improve race-day performance since some foams get bouncier after a small amount of 19 . Buying a new pair of shoes for every race makes an expensive habit, but it could be worth it for those 20 chasing a personal best. III. Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Is there such a thing as a classic? After Taylor Swift, the “Mona Lisa” is probably the most recognizable female face in the world. Every day around 20,000 people 21 Leonardo da Vinci’s painting in the Louvre. Yet it became famous not because of its smile, but because of a thief. Until someone stole the masterpiece in 1911, it was still mostly unknown; shortly after this, viewers 22 to see what a French newspaper called “an enormous, horrible, empty space” where the painting had hung. Classics of art, literature and music are supposed to carry some mysterious 23 that endures across the ages. But, as Rochelle Gurstein writes in a new book, the “timeless classic” is anything but. “What I believed was written in 24 was actually written in water,” she argues. Classics come and go. Let’s take other celebrated works of art that, along with the “Mona Lisa,” 25 European culture. Until the late 19th century, Michelangelo’s “David” stood in a public square in Florence, where it was exposed to the 26 without anything to protect it from wear and tear. He 27 more pigeons than people; most art lovers preferred the artist’s sculpture of Moses in Rome. Before the “Venus de Milo” was discovered in 1820, viewers 28 the “Venus de Medici,” a beautiful but modest statue that few know about today. The rise and fall of classics is not just a matter of changing 29 ; art itself has changed. Artists used to strive to depict 30 forms of beauty. Genius was the “child of imitation”, explained Joshua Reynolds, a British portraitist in the 18th century. Artists learned by 31 classical masterpieces, often Roman copies of Greek sculptures. But such masterpieces were challenged by “discoveries”. Lord Elgin tried to 32 the beautiful marbles that once decorated the Parthenon, but the restorers refused and insisted that they were left in their old, worn-out state. When the marbles went on display in 1807, British visitors did not see the 33 , clean sculptures they expected. Timeless ideals seemed less impressive in 34 with the timeworn marbles, and artists began to feel more distant from the classical tradition. The writing of art history has also changed tastes. In the 16th century Giorgio Vasari, an Italian painter, created an influential narrative of artistic 35 that ended with the realism of Raphael and Michelangelo. But in the 19th century, critic John Ruskin argued that the real “Old Masters” were actually medieval Christian painters. When you see today’s popular contemporary “masterpieces” being sold for millions, you might wonder how critics 100 years from now will feel about them. 21．A．stand by B．look up C．stare at D．pass by 22．A．flooded in B．participated in C．gathered in D．came back 23．A．appeal B．acquaintance C．appreciation D．intention 24．A．sand B．wind C．stone D．sea 25．A．change B．define C．restore D．advocate 26．A．artists B．supervisors C．elements D．radiation 27．A．acquired B．admitted C．attributed D．attracted 28．A．underestimated B．disliked C．anticipated D．admired 29．A．states B．tastes C．standards D．conditions 30．A．different B．similar C．fixed D．ideal 31．A．copying B．admiring C．viewing D．appreciating 32．A．put aside B．fix up C．take down D．mix up 33．A．original B．modern C．flawless D．vivid 34．A．competition B．communication C．association D．comparison 35．A．distribution B．progress C．expression D．impression Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) RBG(Ruth Bader Ginsburg) had skipped the lunch the morning of January 17, 1973. She was afraid she would throw up. Wearing her mother's pin and earrings, like a soldier suiting up for battle, RBG stood alone in front of nine stone-faced men and asked them to do something they had until then refused to do: recognize that the Constitution banned sex discrimination. All oral arguments at the Supreme Court begin the same way: “Mr. Chief Justice, may it please the court.” You can listen to the recording of RBG speaking these words, how at first they came out a little shakily. It was her first time arguing before the court. To still the queasiness in her stomach, she had memorized the opening sentence. She told the justices about Sharron Frontiero, an air force lieutenant whose husband, Joseph, had been denied the same housing, medical, and dental benefits as other military spouses, simply because Sharron was a woman and Joseph was a man. Fourteen months earlier, the court had ruled on the case of an ldaho woman denied the right to administer her dead son's estate because she was a woman. The justices said in *Reed v. Reed* that the state couldn't automatically assume men were better equipped to handle an estate than women. But they had left unsettled the broader question of whether discriminating on the basis of sex was almost always unconstitutional. RBG took a deep breath and told the justices they had to finish the job they started. The state law in *Reed* and the federal one she challenged that day in *Frontiero v. Richardson*, RBG argued, drew on “the same stereotype”. The man is or should be the independent partner in a married unit. The woman, with an occasional exception, is dependent, sheltered from bread-winning experience. Suddenly, she felt the ground steady under her. These men, the most important judges in the country, were her captive audience for the next ten minutes. RBG knew so much more about the case and the topic than they did. She had to teach them. She knew how to do that. RBG had been teaching law for almost a decade. 36．What are the charactcristics possessed by RBG based on Para.1 to Para.3? A．Awkward but caring. B．Nervous but strict. C．Guilty but dctermined. D．Tricky but empathetic. 37．The job should have been finished in *Reed v. Reed* case by justices is _______. A．to stop regarding men as better handlers of an estate than women. B．to equip independcnt women to obtain rcal cstate. C．to deny a woman's right to administer her dead son's estate. D．to judge the discrimination on the basis of sex was illegal. 38．“The same stereotype”RBG challenged is_______. A．the woman is regarded as a dependent partner in the marriagc. B．the man can escape the responsibility for supporting family. C．the man is lucky to be spared the pressures of the real world. D．the woman deserves the same standing in the world as the man. 39．What is the best title for this selection? A．A Lawsuit against Gender Bias. B．Human Dignity and Equal Justice Under law. C．Women's Progress on the Bench. D．Stereotype of Women Misunderstood. (B) The Whistler Blackcomb Snow School is regarded as one of the best ski schools in North America. Our programs offer the best possible opportunity to improve skiing and gain confidence, skip lift lines and discover the wonders of Whistler Blackcomb.We have professional instructors from around the world to help you in your language, ability and style. Explore and book your program online now! TEEN LESSONS RIDE TRIBE FIVE-DAY PROGRAM BENEFITS Hang out with those of similar age and ability. A luncheon voucher (午餐代用券) in mountain restaurants is included. One instructor to every six kids or less. PRICING Regular Season 7 Days in advance Regular Season Within 6 Days Holiday Season 7 Days in advance Holiday Season Within 6 Days Lesson $775 $820 $825 $870 Lesson and Lift $1055 $1100 $1105 $1150 Regular season: Nov.23 to Dec.15 Holiday season: Dec.16 to Jan.14, Feb.12 to 25, Mar. 26 to Apr. 8 All prices are quoted in Canadian dollars and are subject to tax.Prices are subject to change. The five-day program starts on Monday and runs to Friday. Meet at 8:45 a.m. at the Garibaldi Lift Company Patio.Return to the deck (露天平台) of the Carleton by 3:30p.m. Each skier is required to wear a helmet. CANCELLATION POLICY No fee outside of 48 hours. Inside 48 hours, no fee to transfer to another day. Inside 48 hours, $25 for group lessons and $50 for private lessons to be refunded to a credit card. Medical reasons may be an exception. MORE INFORMATION RentSkis.com is the official ski rental booking engine for Whistler Blackcomb.It offers slope-side pick-up locations at all three mountain bases. Enter your email address below to sign up for messages from our resorts to get special offers, resort updates and snow alerts. Call 1-888-403-4727 for more information. 40．What can be concluded in Paragraph One? A．The Whistler Blackcomb Snow School is located in Canada. B．Learners can learn skiing while picking up different languages. C．Those who show interest in the programme can browse the website. D．Skiers signing up for the programme are required to master basic ability of skiing. 41．Your family would like to book the five-day programme on April 1.Your parents want to have the lift tickets while you don't. How much does it cost if you book online in February? A．$2885. B．$3020. C．$3035. D．$3170. 42．What can we infer from the passage? A．All the prices quoted in Canadian dollars on the website are fixed. B．Those who enter for the programme will be classified according to the ski ability. C．There is no need for the skiers to bring anything during the five-day programme D．Skiers should cancel the programme 2 weeks in advance if the money is to be refunded. (C) Parents exhausted by their children may have suspected it all along. Youngsters have greater energy levels than professional endurance athletes, scientists have discovered, meaning it is virtually impossible for the average adult to keep up. And for mothers and fathers hoping that tiring out their little ones will ensure a good night’s sleep, be warned. Children also have an impressive recovery time, and will be back to their best quicker than parents’ expectation. “We found the children used more of their aerobic metabolism (有氧代谢) and were therefore less tired during the high-intensity physical activities.” said Sebastien Ratel, associate professor in Exercise Physiology who completed this study. ‌“This may explain why children seem to have the ability to play and play and play, long after adults have become tired.” Previous studies have shown that children do not tire as quickly as untrained adults during physical tasks and it was suggested they had energy profiles comparable to endurance athletes, but there was no evidence to prove it until now. To find out, the researchers recruited 12 youngsters aged between nine and 11, 12 untrained men and 13 male endurance athletes who were national-level professional athletes or long-distance runners and cyclists. All were asked to perform two seven second resistance sprints (冲刺跑), followed by one minute recovery while their aerobic energy output was measured. On a second visit they were asked to cycle as fast as they can for 30 seconds. Anaerobic exercise produces lactic acid, which causes muscle fatigue. The participants’ heart-rate, oxygen levels and lactate-removal rates were checked after the cycling tasks to see how quickly they recovered. It was found that during the cycling test, untrained adult’s power output fell by 51.8 per cent, and athletes by 41.8 per cent, but children’s only decreased by 35.2 per cent. The researchers believe the findings could help develop athletic potential in children as well as improve our understanding of how our bodies change from childhood to adulthood. “Many parents ask about the best way to develop their child’s athletic potential,” said co-author Anthony Blazevich, professor in Biomechanics. “Our study shows that muscle endurance is often very good in children, so it might be better to focus on other areas of fitness such as their sports technique, sprint speed or muscle strength. This may help to improve physical training in children, so that they perform better and enjoy sports more.” 43．What does the “it” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．Children are better at many sports than most adults. B．Children recover from wounds quicker than adults. C．Children have a higher energy level than most adults. D．Children sleep better than adults when they are tired. 44．Compared to previous studies, the study by Sebastien Ratel is unique because it . A．found out for the first time why children were less exhausted by physical activities B．provided parents with scientific evidence for how to ensure children rest well C．proved for the first time that children’s endurance could be greater than athletes’ D．showed that children could be trained to complete high-intensity sports activities 45．What can be inferred from the data collected during the cycling test in paragraph 5? A．Children have more muscle strength than adults. B．Children experience less muscle fatigue than adults. C．Children develop less lactic acid than adults when exercising. D．Children show better techniques than adults in sporting activities. 46．According to Anthony Blazevich, the findings of this study may help us to . A．improve adults’ muscle endurance B．develop children’s athletic ability C．lower children’s decreased power output D．lift children’s aerobic metabolism level Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Some people have said aging is more a slide into forgetfulness than a journey towards wisdom. However, a growing body of research suggests that late-in-life learning is possible. 47 Throughout life, people’s brains constantly renovate themselves. In the late 1960s, British brain scientist Geoffrey Raisman spied growth in damaged brain regions of rats through an electron microscope; their brains were forging new connections. This meant brains may change every time a person learns something new. Of course, that doesn’t mean the brain isn’t affected by the effects of time. 48 Humans lose about 4 percent every decade starting in their 40s. But that reduction doesn’t necessarily make people think slower. As long as we are alive and functioning, we can alter our brains with new information and experiences. In fact, scientists now suspect accumulating novel experiences, facts, and skills can keep people’s minds more flexible. New pathways can strengthen our ever-changing mental structure, even as the brain shrinks. Conventional fixes like word puzzles and brain-training apps can contribute to mental durability. Even something as simple as taking a different route to the grocery store or going somewhere new on vacation can keep the brain healthy. 49 Research about aging adults who take on new enterprises shows improved function and memory as well as a reduced risk of mental disease. Openness — a characteristic defined by curiosity and a desire for knowledge — may also help folks pass brain tests. 50 While genes can encourage an interest in doing new things, a 2012 study in the journal Psychology and Aging found completing reasoning tasks like puzzles and number games can enhance that desire for novel experiences, which can, in turn, refresh the brain. That’s why brain scientist Richard Kennedy says “It’s not that old dogs can’t learn new tricks. It’s that maybe old dogs don’t realize why they should.” A．The capacity to hold and manipulate information in the short-term declines. B．Some folks are born with this take-in-the-world attitude, those who aren’t as genetically gifted aren’t necessarily out of luck. C．In reality, education does an aging brain good. D．By sustained learning, late-in-life learners can experience improvements in memory recall and attention span. E．A desire for new life challenges can further boost brainpower. F．Just as height usually declines over the years, so does brain volume. IV. Summary Writing 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Can we improve our memory? We’ve all been there- staring at a pile of books, desperately hoping that what we study will stick in our mind. Many of us have probably asked if there’s any way that we can get better at remembering things. So, why don’t we look at what memory experts say about this? Every student who has made flashcards knows that it can be helpful to go back over what they’ve studied before. According to The Learning Scientists-a group of cognitive scientists we can learn things better if we wait for some time before trying to study them again. They say that trying to get something back from your memory after you have had some time to forget it will make it easier to remember in future. Similarly, David Robson, a columnist, highlights studies that show taking some time to just do nothing after studying might mean that you can remember things better afterwards. We don’t know exactly why this happens, but it has been suggested that it’s to do with the relationship between long-term and short-term memory. Another study tip from The Learning Scientists is to change between different topics as you study. They say this can help you build links between different ideas. Now linking ideas and relating them to each other or to images are often suggested as good ways to memorize something. Former world memory champion Jonathan Hancock highlights how picturing pieces of information in different physical locations or linking them to memorable images makes them easier to remember. Linking new information to things that are easier to remember is a technique that many people use-it could be making letter patterns into words called memories, or by sorting things into categories. Memory is not a fixed or innate ability but rather a skill that can be developed and enhanced through deliberate practice and effective strategies. So, the good news to take from this is that while it may be hard, improving our memory is something we can control. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．那些游客在徒步时迷路，你觉得该怪谁? (blame ) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 53．新出土的雕刻制品超越以往考古发现，揭示了古代工艺水平。（cast） _______________________________________________________________________________________ 54．上周二，我在一家二手书店淘到了一本漫画书，虽略显陈旧，但插图生动、文字清晰，堪称物超所值。 (worth) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 55．这部关于宋朝历史的小说一出版便备受推崇，连外国读者都争相购买，销售量远超同类作品。(whose) ____________________________________________________________________________________ VI. Guided Writing (共25分) 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 180-200 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你所在学校的英文校报正在征集关于 “美育(aesthetic education)”的投稿。你注意到，尽管学校开设了音乐、美术等课程，但很多同学对 “美” 的理解仍然停留在 “外在形式”“技能掌握” 或 “潮流时尚” 等层面，缺乏对优秀传统文化艺术（如书法、国画、古典音乐）的真正欣赏和感受能力。请就此话题写一篇稿件，内容包括： 1.简要描述当前中学生美育教育中存在的问题； 2.分析导致这一问题的原因； 3.提出改善美育现状的建议。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第12页，共12页 试卷第11页，共12页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $