必修第三册 Unit 4 Space Exploration 学习讲义-【名师带你过关】2026-2027学年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义覆盖词汇（基础词、重点词、词形变化等）、核心句型（because表语从句、倍数表达法）及写作（应用文、读后续写）等高考核心考点，按“基础积累-词形转换-语境应用-篇章输出”逻辑架构知识点，通过考点梳理（如核心词汇配真题例句）、方法指导（词形变化规则、句型用法）、真题训练（微语境填空、单句语法填空）等环节，帮助学生突破词汇记忆与应用、语法规范及写作表达难点，体现复习教学的系统性与针对性。 讲义以“词-句-篇”一体化设计为特色，通过分层练习（微语境小测、单句语法填空、组句成篇）提升学生语言能力，如“词形跃迁”模块结合微语境训练词性转换，培养思维品质。设置应用文完成句子与组句成篇环节，助力学生在有限时间内掌握写作逻辑，既提升学生应考能力，也为教师精准把控复习节奏提供清晰指导。

一、词能自测·基础词 1.procedure n. 　　　　　  2.sufficient adj. 　　　　　  3.gravity n. 　　　　　  4.fatal adj. 　　　　　  5.vehicle n. 　　　　　  6.satellite n. 　　　　　  7.orbit n. 　　　　　vt.& vi. 　　　　　  8.agency n. 　　　　　  9.leap n. 　　　　　vi.& vt. 　　　　　  10.data n. [pl.] 　　　　　  11.transmit vi.& vt. 　　　　　  [微语境·小测] 1.(2025·广东深圳一模)A special biogel (生物凝胶) is used in the sensor, which has the ability to 　　　　　　and receive electric signals from a pattern of micro channels on the surface.  2. Animals, like dingoes, which feed on them, are becoming rare, so when the grass they eat is 　　　　　　, their numbers jump.  3. Eight years later, Apollo 11 succeeded in landing on the Moon, where Neil Armstrong took a giant 　　　　　　for mankind.  4. The process of hand⁃making a Guqin lasts at least three years, involving around 100 　　　　　　.　  5. While driving for work, he noticed a crashed 　　　　　　that had hit a telephone pole and caught fire.  二、词能自测·重点词 1. 　　　　　　vt.& n. 发射;发起;上市  2. 　　　　　　vt.& vi. 标志着;标明;发信号 n. 信号;标志  3. 　　　　　　vt. 回收利用;再利用  4. 　　　　　　prep. 在更远处;超出  5. 　　　　　　vi. 浮动;漂流;漂浮 vt. 使浮动;使漂流  6. 　　　　　　adj. 当前的;现在的 n. 水流;电流;思潮  7. 　　　　　　adj. 热衷的;渴望的  8. 　　　　　　n. 模式;图案;模范  9. 　　　　　　n. 监视器;监测仪 vt. 监视;监测;监控  10. 　　　　　　n. 资源;财力;物力  [微语境·小测] 1. (25⁃26·广东深圳高三上期末)Instead, scientists think it evolved as a social 　　　　　　, a way of showing others that we recognize a mistake or feel embarrassed.  2. Readers are also encouraged to appreciate other aspects of life 　　　　　　food from the perspective of an outsider.  3. It occurred to me that there might be a similarity between my 　　　　　　pattern of ceaseless work and my earlier pattern of ceaseless eating, so I decided to establish a scheduled reset for work as well.   4. With an average altitude of over 3,000 meters, Haiyan County has a unique climate and rich natural 　　　　　　.  5. Each snowflake has a unique 　　　　　　, just like human fingertips.  三、词形跃迁·变形实战 1. mental adj. 精神的;思想的 →　　　　　　 adv. 精神上地  2. intelligent adj. 有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的 →　　　　　　 n. 智慧  3. desire n. 渴望;欲望 vt. 渴望;期望 →　　　　　　 adj. 值得做的  4. globe n. 地球;世界;地球仪 →　　　　　　 adj. 全球的;全面的  5. regular adj. 定期的;经常的;正常的 →　　　　　　 adv. 有规律地;经常;定期地  →　　　　　　 adj. 无规律的;不定期的  6. mystery n. 神秘事物;谜 →　　　　　　 adj. 神秘的  [微语境·小测] 1. (25⁃26·广东汕头高三下月考)We move beyond traditional sightseeing to explore how artificial 　　　　　　(intelligent) is reshaping urban life.  2. Nowadays, it􀆳s pervasive for young people to post updates about their lives and interact on the Internet 　　　　　　(regular).  3. Daniel Kahneman is a Nobel Prize winner who has written an amazing book that dives into the 　　　　　　(mistery) world of our conscious and unconscious thinking patterns.   4. Bad feelings will only make you tired physically and 　　　　　　(mental), so you must let go of the past, guilt, and resentment (怨恨).  5. Many children in Europe lead an indoor lifestyle, so it would be 　　　　　　(desire) to make natural outdoor environments available, attractive and safe for them to play in.  四、文词进阶·拓展词库 1. 　　　　　　adj. 习惯于;通常的  2. 　　　　　　vt. 抱有(信念、希望);怀念;珍爱  3. 　　　　　　adj. 筋疲力尽的;枯竭的  4. 　　　　　　n. (被)捕获;(被)俘获 vt. 俘虏;俘获;捕获;吸引  5.whatsoever adv. 　　　　　  [微语境·小测] 1. With every step, my legs trembled like a newborn calf􀆳s, 　　　　　　from scrambling up the rocks.  2. (25⁃26·广东高三上期末)When the patients wear the glasses and look at something, the camera 　　　　　　images and sends the data to the black box, which makes the images clearer.  3. A no⁃spend challenge, despite the name, doesn􀆳t mean you sit on your hands and spend no money 　　　　　　.  4. People might think of desert plants as being 　　　　　　to drought, conditions that are predicted to become more common because of climate change.  5. The Chinese 　　　　　　family and the strong bonds among family members, and extend this affection to the community and the nation and beyond.   五、词组攻坚·语境搭链 1. 　　　　　　继续做,坚持干  2. 　　　　　　在宇宙飞船上;在船上;在飞机上  3. 　　　　　　为了;以便  4. 　　　　　　弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白  5. 　　　　　　所以;结果(是)  6. 　　　　　　最后  [微语境·小测] 1. I called my parents and they anxiously tried to 　　　　　　how to add me to their card, while my phone battery was at 21% and dropping.  2.(2025·广东二模)We should aim to reuse devices and components, which includes designing hardware 　　　　　　make this easier.  3. 　　　　　　, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits. Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people􀆳s short⁃term and long⁃term problems.  4. The Chinese government has been encouraging EVs (电动汽车) as part of its effort for green, high⁃quality development. 　　　　　　, China􀆳s EV industry develops very quickly.  5. When tragedy strikes, some people fall into deep depression, sometimes losing hope and even the will to 　　　　　　.   6. Once 　　　　　　, the man showed a flight attendant the contents of his briefcase.  Part Ⅰ　核心词汇 determined　 adj. 有决心的;意志坚定的 (2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a healthy lifestyle, before discovering a secret for weightlifting. 在找到减肥秘诀之前,唐纳休女士就决心改变她的生活,开始锻炼并遵循健康的生活方式。 (1)be determined to do sth 决定做某事 (2)determine vt.查明;确定;决定 (3)determination n.决心;决定 单句语法填空 ①Taking a deep breath and filled with renewed 　　　　　　(determine), she thanked the climbers for their concern but decided to continue.  ②Recording the data timely 　　　　　　(determine) the accuracy of the chemical experiment.  ③She is a 　　　　　　(determine) girl who never gives up even when she faces repeated setbacks.  disappointment　 n. 失望;沮丧 (2026·广东汕头一模)Alex found Mom in the bedroom and he heard Dad say “Sorry” over the phone. Mom handed the phone to Alex, disappointment written on her face. 亚历克斯在卧室里找到了妈妈,他听到爸爸在电话里说“对不起”。妈妈把电话递给亚历克斯,脸上写满了失望。 (1)disappoint vt.使失望 (2)disappointing adj.令人失望的 (3)disappointed adj.失望的;沮丧的 be disappointed to do … /that … 很失望…… (4)to one􀆳s disappointment令某人失望的是 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①One day, he happened to spot Tim sitting alone, playing the guitar with a 　　　　　　(disappoint) expression.  ②Overwhelmed with 　　　　　　(disappoint), I ran to my room and slammed the door.  ③That night, Luna poured out her worries; fear of 　　　　　　(disappoint) her parents, anxiety about college applications, and embarrassment at being left behind.  ④令他失望的是,他们第一次尝试做母亲节早餐没有成功。 →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, they failed to cook a Mother􀆳s Day breakfast at the first attempt.  → 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 was that they failed to cook a Mother􀆳s Day breakfast at the first attempt.  →They failed to cook a Mother􀆳s Day breakfast at the first attempt,   　.  lack　 n. 缺乏;短缺 vt. 没有;缺乏 Time magazine reported that the answer seems obvious in the US where business and a lack of leisure time have become symbols of high status. 《时代》杂志报道称,在美国,这种答案似乎显而易见——在那里,忙碌和缺乏休闲时间已成为高地位的象征。 (1)(a) lack of … 缺少…… for lack of … 因为缺乏…… (2)lacking adj. 缺乏的;缺少的 be lacking in sth 缺少某物 完成句子 ①When I was first asked to take on a manager shift, 　　　　　　　　　　　　, but my colleagues didn􀆳t give up on me.   当我第一次被要求担任经理的轮班时,我因为缺乏信心而拒绝了,但我的同事没有放弃我。 ②This article is   　.  这篇文章缺乏具体的例子来支撑其观点。 beyond　 prep. 在更远处;超出 The breathtaking view of the blue sky over the snow mountains is beyond description — no single word can express its full beauty. 雪山上空湛蓝天空的壮丽景色美得无法用言语形容——没有任何一个词语能够完全表达它的全部美丽。 beyond words难以言喻 beyond description难以描述;无法形容 beyond one􀆳s reach够不着 beyond expectation出乎意料 beyond control失去控制 beyond repair无法修理 完成句子 ①Her ability to solve the complex problem is 　　　　　　　　　　　　.  她解决这道复杂难题的能力出乎意料。 ②The wildfire spread in the dry forest and was 　　　　　　　　　　in the strong wind.  干旱的森林中燃起野火,在大风中迅速失去了控制。 ③The bike􀆳s frame was bent badly in the accident and was 　.  自行车的车架在事故中严重弯折,已经无法修理。 argue　 vt.& vi.论证;争辩;争论 Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space. 有些人认为我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱去探索太空。 (1)argue with sb over/about sth 就某事与某人争论 argue for/against sth 据理赞成/反对某事 argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事 argue that … 认为…… (2)argument n. 争论;争吵;论点 单句语法填空 ①The writer argues 　　　　　　reading classic books can enrich people􀆳s inner world.  ②The customer argued 　　　　　　the shop assistant 　　　　　　the poor quality of the goods he bought.  ③His partner argued him into 　　　　　　(change) the original plan of the project.  ④Local fishermen argue 　　　　　　overfishing in the nearby sea area.  limited　 adj. 有限的 Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet􀆳s resources are limited. 看到我们星球像一个岛屿漂浮在黑色海洋中的图片,让人们意识到地球的资源是有限的。 (1)limit vt.限制;限定 limit … to … 把……限定在……之内 (2)limit n. 限度;限制;限量;(区域的)界限;边界 There is no limit to … ……是无限的 without limits无限地; 无限制地 (3)limitless adj. 无限的 完成句子/单句语法填空 ①  and imagination. 人类的创造力和想象力是无限的。 ②The access to the school laboratory   　.  学校实验室的进入权限仅限于教师和高年级学生。 ③The ancient town has 　　　　　　(limit) parking space, so tourists are advised to take public transport.  attach　 vt. 系;绑;贴 In a recent unusual experiment, researchers attached a large pair of cartoonist round eyes to the front of a small, self⁃driving vehicle. 在最近一项不寻常的实验中,研究人员在一辆小型自动驾驶汽车的前方安装了一对卡通风格的大圆眼睛。 (1)attach great importance to (doing) sth 认为(做)某事有重要意义 attach … to … 把……附在……上 be attached to … 喜欢……;附属于…… (2)attachment n. 附属物;附加设备;(邮件)附件;喜欢;依恋 单句语法填空 ①When rain falls from the sky, water droplets can attach 　　　　　　pollutant particles and bring them down to the ground.  ②Nowadays, city planners have attached great 　　　　　　(important) to the construction of more public transportation infrastructure.  ③Born to physicist parents, Erukhimova has had a unique 　　　　　　(attach) to the field since she was very little.  carry on　继续做;坚持做 Encouraged by this positive response, John carried on to make things right at the school. 受到这种积极回应的鼓舞,约翰继续在学校里努力把事情处理好。 carry on with /doing sth 继续做某事 carry out贯彻;执行;实施 carry over (使)延续;延期至后续时间 完成句子 ①He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　while his sister was watching TV in the living room.  妹妹在客厅看电视时,他仍在书房继续工作。 ②I poured my heart into   　.  我全身心地执行每一份营销方案。 ③Because of the bad weather, the outdoor picnic will   　.  由于天气不佳,户外野餐将延期至下周末。 result in　导致;造成 Their warning came five and a half hours before an earthquake struck, resulting in 2,000 deaths.他们的警告在地震发生前五个多小时发出,而那次地震导致2000人死亡。 (1)result from由于;由……造成 (2)as a result结果 as a result of作为……的结果;因为…… 一句多译 科技的快速发展造成了人们生活方式的巨大改变。 ①The rapid development of science and technology 　　　　　　great changes in people􀆳s lifestyles.  ②Great changes in people􀆳s lifestyles 　　　　　　the rapid development of science and technology.  ③Science and technology has developed rapidly, and 　　　　　　, people􀆳s lifestyles have changed greatly.  ④　　　　　　 the rapid development of science and technology, people􀆳s lifestyles have changed greatly.  Part Ⅱ　核心句型 because引导表语从句 That􀆳s because they likely don􀆳t see a problem with their behavior. 那是因为他们很可能不认为自己的行为有问题。 This/That is because … 这/那是因为…… This/That is why … 这/那就是……的原因 The reason why … is that ………的原因是…… 一句多译 他迟到了,那是因为他在路上遇到了堵车。 ①    ②    ③    倍数表达法 Research published by the Social Mobility Commission shows that workers with degrees are over three times more likely to participate in training as adults than workers with no qualifications.社会流动委员会发表的研究显示,拥有学位的工人在成年后参加培训的可能性是没有资格证书的工人的三倍多。 常用倍数表达法有: (1)A is+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B (2)A is+倍数+比较级+than+B (3)A is+倍数+the+名词(size/weight/length/height … )+of B 一句多译 我们学校新建的图书馆的藏书量是旧图书馆的三倍。 ①The newly⁃built library in our school holds 　.(than)  ②The newly⁃built library in our school holds 　(as … as …)  ③The newly⁃built library in our school holds 　.(名词)  一、应用文增分练 最近,你班同学就“太空探索是否值得”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据下列提供的信息,用英语写一篇短文介绍讨论的情况。 1.30%的同学认为太空探索不值得; 2.70%的同学认为值得探索; 3.你的观点。 【完成句子】 1.人类一直渴望探索太空。(desire to do … )     2.最近,我们班的学生就太空是否值得探索展开了激烈的讨论。(argument; 宾语从句)     3.30%的人认为太空探索不值得,认为太空离我们和我们的日常生活太远了。(argue that; 现在分词短语作状语)       4.我们在太空探索上花了太多钱,要不然这些钱本可以用来解决地球上困扰人类的饥饿和污染等问题。(otherwise引导的含蓄虚拟条件句;定语从句)         5.70%的人重视太空探索,认为探索太空带来了很多好处,比如利用卫星进行通信和天气预报。(attach; result in; 动名词短语作主语)         6.随着地球上有限的能源逐渐耗尽,我们必须找到解决能源短缺问题的新方法。(with复合结构; run out)       【组句成篇】　 把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。                 二、续写提能练 单词 1.shocked adj.震惊的 2.stun v.使震惊 →stunned adj.惊呆的 3.amazement n.惊愕;惊诧 →amazed adj.大为惊奇的 →amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的 4.astonish v.使惊讶 →astonishment n.惊讶 →astonishing adj.令人惊讶的 →astonished adj.感到惊讶的 短语 1.to one􀆳s shock/surprise/amazement/astonishment 令人惊讶的是 2.wear a look of surprise on one􀆳s face 面带惊讶的表情 3.be numb with surprise/shock惊呆 4.a look of surprise spread over/flash across one􀆳s face脸上闪过惊讶的表情 5.too surprised to utter a word/be speechless with shock惊讶得说不出话 句型 1.So stunned was she that she could hardly say any word.(倒装结构) 她惊愕得说不出话来。 2.They stopped in their tracks,raised their head and stared at him in amazement. 他们停下脚步,抬起头,惊奇地注视着他。 3.A look of surprise spread over the face of my companion as he listened to my story.(无灵主语句) 我的同伴听了我的故事,脸上露出惊讶的表情。 4.At the news of his death,I was so shocked that I went numb. 听到他去世的消息,我太过震惊,呆若木鸡。 5.Rose froze with shock,as if rooted on the ground.(比喻句) 罗斯惊呆了,好像扎根在地上一样。 6.I stared at him in shock and a faint sound of surprise escaped my throat. 我惊愕地盯着他,喉咙里发出微弱的惊愕声。 【微场景实战】 　“太空事故” News came that all astronauts on board died during their mission.           (听到这个消息,全国人民都惊呆了。总统如此震惊,喉咙紧绷,一句话也说不出来。这场灾难使每个人都感到悲伤和失望,但是探索宇宙的愿望却没有停止。)Scientists and astronauts determined to figure out the reason and carry on their research so as to console those who sacrificed for the cause and made contributions to all mankind. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4　Space Exploration 【筑基通关·知识锚点】 一、 1.程序;步骤;手续　2.足够的;充足的　3.重力;引力 4.致命的;灾难性的　5.交通工具;车辆 6.人造卫星;卫星 7. (环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道;势力范围　沿轨道运行;环绕……运行 8. (政府的)专门机构;服务机构;代理处 9.跳跃;剧增;剧变　跳过;跃过 10.资料;数据　11.传输;发送 微语境·小测 1. transmit　2. sufficient　3. leap　4. procedures　5. vehicle 二、 1.launch　2.signal　3.recycle　4.beyond　5.float 6.current　7.keen　8.pattern　9.monitor　10.resource 微语境·小测 1. signal　2. beyond　3. current　4. resources　5. pattern 三、 1.mentally　2. intelligence　3. desirable　4.global 5.regularly→irregular　6. mysterious 微语境·小测 1.intelligence　2. regularly　3. mysterious　4. mentally　5. desirable 四、 1.accustomed　2.cherish　3.exhausted　4.capture 5.丝毫(不);一点也(不) 微语境·小测 1.exhausted　2. captures　3. whatsoever　4. accustomed　5. cherish 五、 1.carry on　2.on board　3.so as to (do sth) 4.figure out　5.as a result　6.in closing 微语境·小测 1. figure out　2. so as to　3. In closing　4. As a result 5. carry on　6. on board 【词句锐解·靶心精练】 Part Ⅰ 1. ①determination　②determines　③determined 2. ①disappointed　②disappointment　③disappointing ④To their disappointment;What made them disappointed/What disappointed them;which made them disappointed/which disappointed them 3.①I turned it down for lack of confidence ②lacking in specific examples to support its views 4. ①beyond expectation　②beyond control　③beyond repair 5. ①that　②with; about/over　③changing　④against 6.①There is no limit to human creativity ②is limited to teachers and senior grade students 7.①to　②importance　③attachment 8. ①carried on working in the study ①carrying out every marketing plan ②carry over to next weekend 9. ①resulted in　②resulted from　③as a result　④As a result of Part Ⅱ 1.①He is late.That is because he encountered a traffic jam on the way. ②He encountered a traffic jam on the way, and that is why he is late. ③The reason why he was late is that he encountered a traffic jam on the way. 2.①three times more books than the old one does ②three times as many books as the old one does ③three times the number of books of the old one 【写作提质·素养靶向练】 一、应用文增分练 【完成句子】 1. Humans have always desired to explore outer space. 2. Recently, the students in our class have had a heated argument about whether space is worth exploring./ Lately, there has been a fierce argument among our classmates about whether it is worthwhile to explore space. 3. 30% of the people argue that space exploration is not worthwhile, thinking that space is far away from us and our daily lives./ Thirty percent of people argue that it􀆳s not worth exploring space, holding the view that space is too distant from us and our everyday lives. 4.We have spent too much money on space exploration, otherwise the money could be used to solve problems on Earth such as hunger and pollution, which are troubling human beings. 5. 70% of the people attach great importance to space exploration, believing that exploring space results in many benefits, such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. 6.With the limited energy on Earth running out gradually, we must find new ways to solve the problem of energy shortage. 【组句成篇】 Humans have always been desiring to explore space. Recently, students in our class have had a heated argument about whether space is worth exploring. 30% of us argue that space exploration is not worthwhile, thinking space is too far away from us and our daily lives. We have spent too much money on space exploration, otherwise the money could be used to solve problems on Earth such as hunger and pollution, which are troubling human beings. On the other hand, 70% attach importance to space exploration, believing that exploring space has resulted in a lot of benefits, such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. As far as I am concerned, space exploration is worthy to be conducted. With the limited resources running out on the Earth, we must find new ways to settle the problem of energy shortage. 二、续写提能练 Hearing the news, people all over the country were numb with shock. So stunned was the president that his throat felt tight, unable to utter a word. The disaster made everyone sad and disappointed, but the desire to explore the universe never died. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $