必修第3册 UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考核心考点，涵盖词汇拼写、语境运用、句型公式及写作模块，按“基础词汇—语法句型—语用输出”逻辑架构知识体系。通过考点梳理（如熟词生义、构词法）、方法指导（句型公式应用）、真题训练（全国卷及模拟题）等环节，帮助学生系统突破词汇语法难点，提升语言综合运用能力。 资料亮点在于“词汇—句型—写作”一体化设计，如通过“disappointed”词性转换结合心理描写例句，培养学生语境词汇运用的语言能力；应用文写作采用“3段式+过渡衔接词”策略，读后续写融入情感与动作描写模板，助力学生快速构建写作逻辑。分层练习（基础巩固、能力提升）配合即时反馈，保障复习效率，为教师把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供实用指导。

Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．(2026·河南信阳联考)To raise students' awareness of environmental protection, our school proudly launched (发起) Green Campus Week on April 18th, 2026. 2．(2026·山西太原模拟)They have advocated that water bottles should be recycled (回收利用) properly after every match. 3．(2026·江苏苏州模拟卷)As a keen (热衷的) reader of our school English newspaper, I can't wait to share my thoughts on the upcoming “Science and Technology” column. 4．Although her description sounded wonderful, the price was beyond (超出) our range, so we declined. 5．After years of strict physical and technical training, she finally fulfilled her dream of becoming an astronaut (宇航员) and flew to the space station. Ⅱ.语境运用 1．(2026·河北唐山模拟)Despite its growing influence, AI lacks creativity, emotions, and moral judgements, which are unique to human intelligence (intelligent). 2．(2026·河北邯郸模拟)She explained that Mrs.White had called her, expressing disappointment (disappoint) over our broken promise. 3．He was a determined (determine) teen, working part­time as a milkman to ease his family's financial burden. 4．I faced my fears that very first night, which was the first step on the stairs of growing up—when I began earning some independence (independent). 5．What's more, it can collect people's facial information and store it in its memory for further analysis (analyse). 6．(2025·全国二卷)The well­liked grandma regularly (regular) posts workout content, explaining there's no reasons others can't look this good. 7．Many parents attach great importance to getting a good education at this school attached to Peking University.(attach) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．最终，凭借坚定的意志，我第一个冲过了终点线，这让我兴奋不已。(情感描写) Finally, with strong will, I was the first to reach the finish line, which made me so thrilled. 2．陌生人的一个善意微笑可以让你的一天更加明亮，让你的内心充满温暖，提醒你世界上仍然有善良存在。(主旨升华) A kind smile from a stranger can make your day brighter and fill your heart with warmth, reminding you that there is still goodness in the world. 3．每年夏季，有加州面积6倍大的冰层覆盖面一直在消失。 Every summer an extra area of ice six times the size of California has been disappearing. disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的 (disappoint vt.使失望 disappointing adj.令人失望的 disappointment n．失望，沮丧) (1)be disappointed at/with/by... 　对……失望 be disappointed to do sth 对做某事失望 be disappointed that... 对……失望 (2)to one's disappointment 令某人失望的是 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①They failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt，which made them disappointed (disappoint). ②Overcome with bitter disappointment (disappoint) at his failing to win a prize，he locked himself in the room.(心理描写) ③What disappointed (disappoint) me was that the weather changed suddenly, ruining our plans for an outdoor picnic. ④第一次见到我的新同学莉莉时，一股失望的情绪涌上心头。(2025·长沙最后一卷) The first time I saw Lily, my new classmate，a wave of disappointment washed over me． desire n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望 (desirable adj.可取的；值得做的) (1)have a desire to do sth 渴望做某事 have a desire for sth 渴望得到某物 (2)desire to do sth 渴望做某事 desire sb to do sth 渴望某人做某事 desire that...(should) do... 渴望…… [练透]　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①As soon as David was well enough, he expressed his strong desire to meet (meet) his donor.(2026·山东泰安模拟) ②As I had a strong desire for a new skill, I turned to my mother for help, with whose help I began to learn how to cook during the summer vacation.(2023·全国乙卷，短文投稿) ③失望的双胞胎渴望父亲告诉他们如何做三明治，他(父亲)点了点头。 The disappointed twins desired their father to tell them how to make sandwiches，and he nodded. →The disappointed twins desired that their father (should) tell them how to make sandwiches, and he nodded. lack n．缺乏；短缺 vt.没有；缺乏 (lacking adj.不足的；缺乏的) (1)(a) lack of　缺少…… for/through lack of 因缺少…… (2)be lacking in 在……方面缺乏 [练透]　完成句子/一句多译 ①一些学生可能会在与不熟悉的人一起练习时感到不自在，导致参与积极性的不足。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，建议信) Some students may feel uncomfortable practicing with someone they don't know well, resulting in a lack of motivation for participation． ②由于缺乏自信和经验，简完全不知道该如何应付这可怕的情况。 Lacking confidence and experience, Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(分词短语作状语) →For lack of confidence and experience, Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(lack n．) →Lacking in confidence and experience, Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(lacking adj.) [点津]　belong to; consist of; date back to 无被动语态和进行时，常用­v.ing形式作定语。 argue vi.&vt.(argued, argued, arguing) 论证，争论；争辩；主张；说服 (argument n．争论；争吵；论点) argue with sb about/over sth　 　因某事与某人争吵/争论 argue for/against (doing)sth 据理赞成/反对(做)某事 argue that... 主张……，认为…… argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①As for school uniforms, some students argued for the uniforms, saying they promote equality.Others argued against the idea, believing that uniforms limit personal expression. ②他们小声争论时，哈利在屋里走来走去，漫不经心地听着。(场景描写) As they argued with each other in whispers, Harry moved around the room, only half listening. ③由于渴望掌握一些基本的生活技能，我说服了母亲在五一节期间教我如何做饭。(2023·全国乙卷，短文投稿) Eager to master some basic living skills, I argued my mother into teaching me how to cook during the May Day holiday. attach vt.系；绑；贴 (attached adj.附加的；依恋的，爱慕的 attachment n．附件；附属品；依恋) (1)attach...to...　　把……固定/附在……上 attach great importance/significance to sth 认为……有重要性/意义 (2)be attached to 附属于；依恋 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①To be honest，a lot of people attach great importance to becoming (become) rich and famous. ②The feeling of success was no longer attached (attach)to what grade I received but to the pure joy of learning.(2025·北京卷) ③His attachment (attach) to the university and devotion to teaching were such that he continued to teach there for about 50 years. ④她发现桌子上放着一个盒子，盒子上贴着一张卡片，上面写着“生日快乐”。 She found a box lying on the table with a card attached to it, saying “Happy Birthday”． result in 导致；造成 (1)result from　　　由……造成；因……而产生 (2)as a result 结果 as a result of 由于……的结果 without result 没有结果；白费 [练透]　用result短语填空/完成句子 ①Only after he failed a second time did he realize that his failure resulted from his laziness. ②We often find it easier to recognize other people's weaknesses than our own.As a result, if we are guided only by our own feelings, our judgements might be one­sided. ③It's generally believed that he suffered from illness as a result of the overfull tiredness. ④这次活动不仅将提供一个了解中国文化的机会，而且将增进相互理解和友谊。 Not only will the activity provide an opportunity to learn about the Chinese culture but also it will result in mutual understanding and friendship． run out 用完；耗尽 run out of　　　用光，用完(人作主语，有被动语态) run across 偶然遇到 run after 追逐；追求 run into 撞上；遇上，偶然遇到；碰上(困境、麻烦等) [练透]　用run短语填空/完成句子 ①I felt like I had run a marathon, and my energy had completely run out．(2025·广东3月联考) ②The moment we ran across/into a cute wild rabbit，we rode our horses and ran after it without hesitation. ③If they run out of daily necessities, Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed. ④大卫快要筋疲力尽了，但当他听到其他孩子的欢呼声时，他大汗淋漓地冲向了终点线。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，动作描写) David was running out of his energy but when he heard loud cheers from the other kids, he was making his way towards the finish line, bathed in sweat. 句型公式：the＋序数词＋名词＋to do sth 教材原句：Afterwards，the USSR focused on sending people into space，and on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space. 后来，苏联集中力量把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。 (1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、 the next, the only, the right, the last等修饰，常用不定式作后置定语。 (2)动词不定式作定语常用来修饰ability, chance, opportunity, need, way, wish, effort, right, ambition, patience, anxiety, attempt等名词。 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①John was the first person to think (think) of making popcorn to help Bernard earn some extra money.He was convinced that he had the ability to help (help) Bernard out of difficulty. ②他是第一个实现全球航行梦想的中国人，也是第一个穿越英吉利海峡和大西洋的中国人。(短文投稿) He is the first Chinese to realise the dream of sailing around the world, as well as the first Chinese to cross the English Channel and the Atlantic Ocean. ③她也汲取了宝贵的一课：有时候，克服挑战的唯一方法就是将其拆解成更小、更容易处理的部分。(2024·浙江1月卷，读后续写) She also learned a valuable lesson：sometimes，the only way to overcome a challenge is to break it into smaller, more manageable parts. 句型公式：倍数表达法 教材原句：Olympus Mons, the largest volcano on Mars，is about twice as high as Mount Qomolangma. 火星上最大的火山——奥林匹斯山大约是珠穆朗玛峰的两倍高。 twice as high as…是一种倍数的表示方法， 意为“是……的两倍高”。 常见的倍数表示法： (1)倍数＋as＋many/much＋n.＋as (2)倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as (3)倍数＋形容词比较级/副词比较级＋than (4)倍数＋the size/length/height/depth/width of[练透]　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①This room is three times the length (long) of the other, but much narrower. ②Over the last few decades, the Arctic has heated up three times faster (fast) than the rest of the planet. ③大熊猫国家公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。 Covering an area about three times as big as Yellowstone National Park, the Giant Panda National Park will be one of the first national parks in China.(as...as) →Covering an area about three times bigger than Yellowstone National Park, the Giant Panda National Park will be one of the first national parks in China.(than) →Covering an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the Giant Panda National Park will be one of the first national parks in China.(size) 　熟词生义 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 1．“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house，” says Kathryn Whitehead.vt.提出(想法或计划) 2．Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all corners of the UK and beyond.prep.……之外 3．She was displeased with absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather surprised that she became a “regular”．n.常客 4．The current in technology development is moving towards artificial intelligence, shaping the future of various industries.n.趋向 5．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)I argue that it's not a good idea to randomly pair up students for the spoken English training after class.vt.主张 　一词多义 1．signal A．vt.(用言语或行动)表明，表示 B．n.信号　C．vt.标志着 D．vi.示意 ①The traffic light turned green, which was the signal for the cars to start moving again. B ②I dashed to the car, took him by the arm and signalled him to follow me. D ③The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, signal(l)ing the end of the Spring Festival celebrations. C ④Both sides have signalled their willingness to start cooperation. A 2．monitor A．n.显示器 B．vt.监视；监测　C．vt.监听(熟词生义) D．n.班长 ①The monitor's speech and the remarks of classmates were all very interesting. D ②A scanner can read characters and transfer them to the monitor of a computer. A ③Telephone monitoring is one of the technical methods of investigation. C ④Their brains are scanned so that researchers can monitor the progress of the disease. B 　破解构词法密码 词缀记忆法　形容词后缀­less 表示“不……的，无……的” 规则 典例 直接＋ ­less ①limit→limitless　　无限的 ②aim→aimless 无目标的 ③breath→breathless 气喘吁吁的 ④care→careless 粗心的 ⑤end→endless 无止境的 ⑥hope→hopeless 无望的，绝望的 ⑦meaning→meaningless 无意义的 ⑧harm→harmless 无害的 ⑨value→valueless 无价值的 ⑩use→useless 无用的 根据语境用括号内适当形式填空 1．(2025·北京卷)I have argued countless (count) times that comparisons are the “thief of joy”． 2．When the fearless (fear) mountaineer faces a fearful situation, he always keeps calm and takes proper action without fear. 3．It was a fruitless (fruit) meeting, with no agreement reached. 4．There are countless (count) articles telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. 5．Running all the way to school, Ann made it to her classroom, breathless (breath). Ⅰ.应用文写作提分练—帖子(宇宙探索) 3段式：提出话题→说明观点理由→总结 用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作并背诵全文。 最近，有网友在某英文论坛上发帖，征集网友们对“是否愿意在空间站体验一个月生活”的意见。请你用英语回帖，表明你的观点并说明理由。 第一步　斟酌词句　靓化表达(黑体部分请用本单元所复习的词汇和句式) 1．我渴望在空间站上生活一个月，原因如下。 I desire to live on a space station for one month for the following reasons. 2．我一直对宇宙好奇。在环绕地球运行时，我可以观察太空迷人的风景，体验漂浮在太空的感觉。 (普通表达) I've always been curious about the universe．While I am orbiting the earth, I can observe the charming scenery of space and experience the feeling of floating in space． (满分表达) I've always been curious about the universe．While orbiting the earth, I can observe the charming scenery of space and experience the feeling of floating in space．(省略句) 3．我将试图弄清太空的一些奥秘，为人类探索太空做出贡献。 (不定式) I'll try to figure out some mysteries of space so as to contribute to human exploration of space. 4．在太空中独立生活一个月肯定会对我的人生有很大的影响。 Living in space independently for a month will definitely make a great difference to my life. 5．无可争辩，在空间站生活是值得的。 It is beyond argument that living on the space station is worth it. 第二步　恰当过渡　完美成文(请利用恰当的过渡衔接词汇，如first of all, in closing, moreover, last but not least等) I desire to live on a space station for one month for the following reasons. First of all, I've always been curious about the universe.While orbiting the earth, I can observe the charming scenery of space and experience the feeling of floating in space.Moreover, I'll try to figure out some mysteries of space so as to contribute to human exploration of space.Last but not least, living in space independently for a month will definitely make a great difference to my life. In closing, it is beyond argument that living on the space station is worth it.Ⅱ.读后续写提升练 Step 1　教材语料 亮词 [情感描写]　determined adj.→determine v．；disappointed adj.→disappoint v．→disappointment n．→disappointing adj.；desire v．& n．→desirable adj.；in the hope of；keen；shallow [动作描写]　launch；leap；carryon；signal；recycle；float；attach；figure out；argue；result in；monitor；provide for；runout 美句 1.People have always looked up at the stars and wondered about space.(动作描写) 2．However，scientists were determined to realise that dream.(情感描写) 3．However，while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment，the desire to explore the universe did not die.(情感描写＋无灵主语) 4．Despite the difficulties，scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future.(主旨升华) Step 2　续写微场景练(主题：逐梦人生) 根据续写故事情节和黑体部分的提示，利用本单元词汇和句式补全续写场景，并背诵。 　　当我听到这个消息时，我的脑海里突然浮现出一个想法：这是一个我实现成为一名舞蹈家梦想的宝贵机会！我很坚定，难以遏制地想告诉妈妈我的决定。我一跃而起，冲回家。然而，妈妈用失望的声音吼道：“真想不到！你应该重视理科，努力学习，希望成为医生！” 　　Instantly I heard the news, ①an idea suddenly floated into my mind (无灵主语句)：it was a precious opportunity for me to realize my dream of ②Determined, I ③felt an overwhelming desire to share my decision with my mum.I leapt to my feet and dashed home.However, mum roared ④in a disappointed voice，“Fancy that! ⑤You should attach great importance to science and study hard in the hope of becoming a doctor！” 佳句仿写(铺灰部分)：我意识到这是我实现成为一名医生梦想的宝贵机会！我应该立刻抓住这个机会。 ⑥I was aware that it was a precious opportunity for me to realize my dream of becoming a doctor! I should leap/jump at it. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $