基础必备 必修第三册 UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION（配套教参）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（人教版）

基础必 UNIT 4 主题语境人与自然 地球与宇宙奥秘探索 SPACE EXPLORATION 话题词块 话题佳句 1.solar system 太阳系 2.launch a satellite 发射人造卫星 1.The development of science and technology will make it 被发射到太空 possible to know how the universe came into existence. 3.be sent into space 科学技术的发展将使人们有可能弄清楚宇宙是如何形 4.return to the earth 返回地球 太空探索 成的。 5.space exploration 6.make a successful landing on the moon 2.Space may hold mysteries of how the universe comes into 在月球上成功登陆 being,and whether there is life on other planets besides Earth. 7.space travel 太空旅行 太空可能蕴藏着奥秘，宇宙是如何形成的，以及除了地球以 8.send a spacecraft to the moon 向月球发射宇宙飞船 外的其他行星上是否还有生命。 3.It is of vital significance for us to have a better understand- 9.have a strong desire for space knowledge 强烈渴望学习太空知识 ing of the development of space flights in our country. 对我们来说，更好地了解我国航天飞行的发展具有至关重 10.a lecture themed on space science 有关太空科学的讲座 要的意义。 聚焦>层级突破 学生用书P106 聚焦核心要点落实 第一板块 词汇点拔台 2.desire n.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望 -DIYIBANKUAI (to do sth.迫切想要做某事 [核心词汇—一逐点清] (1)have a strong desire for sth. 迫切想得到某物 l.determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的 (2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事 (1)be determined to do sth. desire sb.to do sth. 想要某人做某事 决心做某事（表示状态） desire that...(should)do sth. (2)determine vt. 查明；确定；决定 渴望…（应该）做某事 determine to do sth.=decide to do sth. [练通]一单句语法填空 决定做某事（表示动作） DShe has a strong desire for knowledge and wants determine on/upon decide on/upon doing) to go to college very much. sth. 决定（做）某事 2We desire that immediate help (should)be given (3)determination 决心；决定 give)to the local villagers who have been [练通]一单句语法填空/说出determine的汉语 trapped by the flood. 意思 ③(2025·北京卷)The desire to stand(stand)out DThere were numerous diving spots in the area and consumed me,pushing me towards a regrettable Larry was determined to visit(visit)all of them. decision. 2I have determined on/upon going to Tibet to work [点津]desire作及物动词，不用于进行时态。de after graduation. sire意为“希望”后接宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动 3Now that you have expressed your determination 词用“(should十)动词原形”。此外，desire作名词 (determine),you should act. 时其后所接主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句也要 4We set out to determine what happened last night. 使用虚拟语气。 vt.查明；调查 [金句]—微写作 [▣中华]As a student in senior high school,the ④既然你渴望学习中国文化，我认为北京语言大学是 most important task is to study hard,which deter- 你的理想去处。 mines our future. Since you have a strong desire to learn Chinese 作为一名高中生，最重要的任务是努力学习，这决 culture,I think Beijing Language and Culture Uni- 定着我们的未来。 versity is an ideal place for you. 101 高考总复习英语 3.lack n,缺乏；短缺vt.没有；缺乏 [金句]—-句多译 (1)a lack of 缺乏 我们想方设法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳。 for lack of 因缺乏… 5 We tried many ways to argue him into following (2)lack (for)sth. 缺少某物 our advice,but in vain.(argue) (3)lacking adj. 缺乏的；不足的 6We tried many ways to persuade him to follow/to be lacking in(=be short of)缺少… persuade him into following our advice,but in [练通]—一单句语法填空 vain.(persuade) DThough lacking(lack)money,his parents managed D We tried many ways to talk him into following our to send him to a university. advice,but in vain.(talk) 2Health problems are closely connected with bad 5.attach vt.系；绑；贴 eating habits and a lack of exercise. (1)attach...to... 把…固定/附在…上 3 Many associations are breaking up for lack of attach great importance/significance to sth. money. 认为…有重要性/意义 4Apparently,he was lacking(lack)in mathematical (2)attached adj. 依恋的 training. be attached to 附属于；依恋 [金句]—一句多译 (3)attachment n. 由于缺乏足够的训练，我们在即将到来的比赛中将很 依恋，爱慕；忠诚，拥护；附属物，附件 难取胜。 [练通]—单句语法填空/完成句子 5 For lack of enough training,we will have great DA child has a strong attachment (attach)to it's trouble in winning the coming match.(lack n.) parents. 6Lacking enough training,we will have great trou- ②(2025·北京卷)The feeling of success was no lon- ble in winning the coming match.(lack vt. ger attached to what grade I received but to the 4,argue vt.&vi.论证；争辩；争论 pure joy of learning. (1)argue with sb.about/over/on sth. ③（倡议书）It is high time that the country should 与某人争论某事 attach great importance to energy saving and envi- argue for/against sth. 据理力争/反对某事 ronmental protection. argue sb.into/out of doing sth. 是国家高度重视节能和环境保护的时候了。 说服某人做/不做某事 4On returning home,she found a note attached to (2)argument n. 论证；论据；争吵 the door(发现门上附有一张便条)，reading“Call beyond argument 无可辩解 in later”. [练通]—单句语法填空/完成句子 6.carry on继续做，坚持干 DThey argued with each other about/on/over where to spend their summer vacation. caryoth sth.继续做某事（相当于即on with) doing sth. ②(2025·北京卷)I argued(argue),but suspicion carry out 实行；执行；进行；履行（诺言、义务等） clouded his eyes. carry through ③(2023·新课标I卷)Most frequently,the groups 帮…渡过（难关等）：履行（承诺）：完成 reported that they "shared arguments(argue)and [练通]—完成句子 reasoned together'”. ④(2022·全国乙卷)Based on the above chart,65% DHer bravery has given him the will to carry on with his life and his work(继续生活和工作). of the students argue for listening to English songs while 18%of the students argue that they ②A survey carried out last year(去年进行的一项调 can have their English (level)improved by read- showed that 80%of the middle-aged in this ing English classics. city were in favour of the proposal for health care reform. 根据上面的表格，65%的学生赞成听英语歌曲而 18%的学生主张他们可以通过读英语经典著作提 3Their hope helped those people to carry through 高他们的英语水平。 this last difficult test(完成了最后一次艰难的 [点津]“说服某人做某事”的其他表达形式： 测验). 7.result in导致；造成 (1)persuade sb.to do sth. (2)persuade sb.into doing sth. (1)result from 由…造成；因…而产生 (3)convince sb.to do sth. (2)as a result 所以；结果（是） (4)talk sb.into doing sth. as a result of 由于 102· 基础必备必修第三册 [练通]一语段填空（用result的相关短语填空） 9.run out用完；耗尽 Toby didn't sleep well last night.As a result of run out of 用完；耗尽 (lack of sleep,he felt quite sleepy while driv- run across 偶然碰见 ing.So his careless driving resulted in()a terri- run after 追赶；追求 ble accident.As a result(结果)，a happy family lost run away 逃跑；跑开 their son.Therefore,one must be very careful while run into 使…撞在…上；（非正式）偶然遇见 driving,for accidents mostly result from(由…而造 [练通]一用适当的介、副词填空/完成句子 being absent-minded. DThe boy ran after the goats,but he could not get [点津]表示“导致”的词语还有：cause,lead to,con them out. tribute to,account for,bring about等。 2I was walking along the beach when I ran into/ 8.provide for sb.提供生活所需 across John. (1)provide sth.for sb.=provide sb.with sth. 3His car ran into a tree and caused an accident. 向某人提供某物 ④（读后续写之情绪描写）I had run out of my pa (2)provide against sth. 预防，防备 tience and I began to burst into anger. (3)provide for sb. 我已经失去了所有的耐心，我开始勃然大怒。 为…提供生活费，养活；为…做准备 [金句]一同义句转换 (4)provided/providing that..假如…；倘若… 5 Please lend me some money.Mine has been [练通]—完成句子 used up. DShe'd have enough money to provide for her chil- I have run out of my money.Please lend me dren(为她的孩子们提供生活所需)until she could some.(run out of) find work. -My money has run out.Please lend me some. 2You can go out to play provided/providing that (run out) you finish your homework(倘若你完成了家庭 [教师专享间考词汇 作业). L.disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的 3The poor young man has to take an extra work in [练通]一语段填空 the evening to provide for a large family(养话一 大家人)of six. To his parents'disappointment,their 2disap- [点津]其他表示“向某人提供某物”的短语有：sup pointing son always makes them 3disappointed at his Odisappointing performance.(disappoint) ply sth.to sb.=supply sb.with sth.offer sb. 令他的父母失望的是，他们令人失望的儿子总是因 sth.=offer sth.to sb. 他的令人失望的表现使他们失望。 [金句]—一句多译 2.signal vt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志 这些书将为我们提供所需要的全部信息。 [练通]一写出下列句中signal的词性和名义 4 These books will offer us all the information we DA red light is a signal of danger,which is even need/offer all the information we need to us.(offer) known to a five-year-old child. n.信号 5These books will provide us with all the informa- 2The guard seems to be signaling to us with his tion we need/provide all the information we need arm. t.发信号 for us.(provide) 6These books will supply us with all the informa ③(2025·北京卷)If you want to turn over a new leaf,though,one top tip is that it helps to choose tion we need/supply all the information we need a significant date that signals the start of a new to us.(supply) “chapter'”. t.标志着 主题语境·培优词汇库 子话题一太空科技 ①astronaut n. 宇航员 ⑦data n. 资料；数据 ②telescope n. 望远镜 ⑧space station 太空站；空间站 ③universe n. 宇宙 ⑨the outer space 外太空 ④rocket n. 火箭 ⑩nanned spaceship/spacecraft载人飞船 ⑤orbit n. (天体等的)运行轨道 ①weather satellite 气象卫星 ⑥monitor vt.. 监测；监控 ②space shuttle 航天飞机 103· 高考总复习英语 「第二板块 句式精剖析 (1)it作形式主语；It is no use/no good/useless LDIERBANKUAI-□ doing sth.“做某事没用。”；It is a waste of time 1.倍数表达法 doing sth.“做某事浪费时间。” Olympus Mons,the largest volcano on Mars,is (2)动名词的复合结构：名词所有格/形容词性物主 about twice as high as Mount Qomolangma. 代词+doing作主语。 奥林匹斯山，火星上最大的火山，大约是珠穆朗玛 峰的两倍高。 【总结规律·由此及彼] (1)倍数十as+形容词/副词原级十as.. 英语考点中，除了动名词（短语）之外，主要有哪些 (2)倍数+形容词或副词比较级十than.. 可以作主语呢？ (3)倍数+the size/height/weight/depth等名 答案：①动词不定式（短语）②名词性从句 词十of.· [练通]—单句语法填空/完成句子 (4)倍数+as many/much+名词十as.: DKeeping a keen mind and being determined are [金句]—一句多译 (be)what it takes to be successful. 据说这个发电厂现在是原来的两倍大。 ②（读后续写之恐惧心理描写）Being lost in the for- DIt's said that the power plant is now twice as large est made my heart in my mouth.But I knew that as what it was.(as...as) it was no use feeling frightened and finding my 2It's said that the power plant is now twice larger way out of the forest was what I must do than it was.(than) right now. 3It's said that the power plant is now twice the size 在森林中迷路使我的心提到了嗓子眼儿，但是我知 of what it was.(the size) 道感到害怕是没用的，找到走出森林的路才是我现 2.动名词短语作主语 在必须做的事情。 Firstly,exploring space has already made a differ- 3In my opinion,it is a waste of time playing com- ence in the fight against world hunger. puter games. 首先，太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥 在我看来，玩电脑游戏是浪费时间。 了重要作用。 ④（读后续写之羞愧心理描写）His failing in the ex exploring space是动名词（短语）在句中作主语。 am again made him ashamed and he hung down his 单个动名词（短语）作主语，谓语动词用单数；两个 head in shame. 或两个以上用复数，doing作主语还有以下情况： 他考试又不及格使他很羞愧，他羞愧地低着头。 进阶>多维检测 学生用书P109 夯基固本多维运用 ◆[维度1]词形转换 8.I don't know why the young couple are getting in- 用括号内所给词的适当变形填空 to an argument(argue). 1.(2021·新高考I卷)We prefer to describe emo- 9.Though lacking(lack)money,his family lived an tional intelligence (intelligent)as a specific set of enjoyable life. skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. 10.Provided/Providing(provide)that you didn't try 2.Although feeling disappointed (disappoint)and to make sense of it,it sounded beautiful. frustrated,in a city far from home,he managed to live independently(independent). ◆[维度2]固定用法 3.(2024·新课标I卷)Feeling motivated,I started 1.More and more high rise buildings have been built running regularly (regular),but then two things in big cities for lack of space. happened. 2.There is no doubt that staying up is more likely to 4.(2024·新课标I卷)..we are increasingly using result in over-anxiety. observational data to investigate how species are 3.We must work hard so as to transform China into responding to global (globe)change... an advanced industrial country. 5.It is universally universe)acknowledged that 4.However,I think sometimes we attach too much impor- wealth doesn't necessarily mean happiness. 6.Childhood activities help a child develop responsi- tance to our phones so that we ignore our friends. bility,independence(independent),confidence and 5.He was desperate for work to provide for a large competence. family. 7.She gave me a determined(determine)look-the 6.(2025·浙江1月卷)This will engage their desire kind that said she wouldn't change her mind. to understand and interact with the information. ·104· 基础必备必修第三册 7.She signalled to a passing taxi and asked him to [参考范文] take her to the museum Space Exploration Lights up Dreams 8.When they returned to the river,they found that the boat had floated away. April 12 was officially named by the UN in 2011 [维度3]话题写作（短文投稿） as World Space Day.We observe this day to inspire 你校将以四月十二日世界航天日为主题，举办英 more people to learn scientific knowledge and gener- 语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： ate innovative ideas about space. 1.太空探索的重要性； 2.你的期待。 The space exploration is essential for us.It has 注意：1.词数80左右： made a difference in fighting world hunger.The sat- 2.短文的题目和首句已为你写好。 ellite data on weather patterns has helped farmers Space Exploration Lights up Dreams grow more food.Besides,many space experiments April 12 was officially named by the UN in 2011 as World Space Day. have promoted incredible products like organ moni- tors and digital cameras for us and we will learn how to live in a different environment. 读后续写微技能15一“太空探险”那些事 精彩词汇记牢 单句续写运用 用左栏的表达续写下列句子。 cover an event 报道事件①To our excitement,the Tianwen 1 Probe success- land safely 安全着陆 fully landed on Mars safely. Tianwen 1 Probe 天问一号探测器②The successful launch and return of Shenzhou 12 space capsule 太空舱 manned spacecraft marked the beginning of a new the beginning of a new era of China's space explora- era of China's space exploration. tion 中国太空探索新时代的开始③China's scientific research in space has a positive have a positive effect 有正面影响 effect on the world. carry out scientific experiments 开展科学实验 4Chinese astronauts have carried out a lot of scien- tific experiments in space. 培优>提能加餐 学生用书P110 高考对接素养培优 [培优1] 单元知识链高考 一、熟词生义 二、一词多义一根据语境选出launch的含义 1.(2021·全国卷)And the more we look,the more A.n.发行 B.u.发起 we will see that social factors()like gender, C.u发射 D.u.推出 race,and class do not determine the appearance of 1.China successfully launched a spacecraft to the far genius. vt.直接影响 side of the moon,which,contrary to misunder- 2.(2025·全国二卷)OK,no problem.I'm going to standing,is not always dark. C do everything I can to keep you on board. 2.The manager has decided to hold a party to cele- n.董事会；团队 brate the successful launch of the new magazine. 3.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)This informative walk led by A Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic princi- 3.A range of green campaigns have been launched ples of photography in the wild. globally in response to the gravity of the climate .使初次了解/尝试 crisis. B 105 高考总复习英语 [培优2]高考语篇培素养 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 (全国卷)The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research.Recent studies have found positive effects.A study conducted in Youngstown,Ohio,for ex- 1.What is the first paragraph mainly about? A.A new study of different plants. ample,discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less B.A big fall in crime rates. crime.In another,employees were shown to be 15%more pro- C.Employees from various workplaces. ductive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants. The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology D.Benefits from green plants. (MIT)have taken it a step further-changing the actual compo- 2.What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engi- sition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse,even unu- neers? sual functions.These include plants that have sensors printed on- A.To detect plants'lack of water. to their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant B.To change compositions of plants. that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater."We're think- C.To make the life of plants longer. ing about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the D.To test chemicals in plants. things that we use every day,"explained Michael Strano,a pro- fessor of chemical engineering at MIT. 3.What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future? One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow( A.They will speed up energy produc- in experiments using some common vegetables.Strano's team tion. found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours.The light,about one-thousandth of the amount needed to B.They may transmit electricity to the home. read by,is just a start.The technology,Strano said,could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered C.They might help reduce energy consumption. street lamps. D.They could take the place of power In the future,the team hopes to develop a version of the plants. technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off 4.Which of the following can be the best ti- treatment that would last the plant's lifetime.The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off "switch"where the glow tle for the text? A.Can we grow more glowing plants? would fade when exposed to daylight. Lighting accounts for about 7%of the total electricity con- B.How do we live with glowing plants? sumed in the US.Since lighting is often far removed from the C.Could glowing plants replace lamps? power source()-such as the distance from a power plant to D.How are glowing plants made pol- street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during lution-free? transmission().Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 3.C[推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容尤其是最 绿色植物对人类社会和工作效率的积极作用，同时还 后-句“Glowing plants could reduce this distance 介绍了科学家们新开发的植物的不寻常的功能：检测 and therefore help save energy.”可推知，在未来， 地下水质和发光照明。 发光植物可能有助于减少能源消耗。] 1.D[段落大意题。根据第一段第二句及下文所举 4.C[标题归纳题。文章第一段点明了植物的积极 的两个例子可知，第一段主要介绍了绿色植物给人 作用；第二段是有关植物的其他方面的功能的研 们带来的益处。] 究；第三段说明最新的研究表明植物可以发光；第 2.A[细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“These 四段是有关将来要开发的一种用在植物叶子上的 技术及研究植物发光是否可以“打开”和“关上”；第 include plants that have sensors printed onto their 五段表述能量在传输中损失很多，或许发光植物可 leaves to show when they're short of water”可知， 以解决这一问题。故C选项（发光的植物能代替灯 A选项正确。] 吗？)最能凸显本文主题。] ·106· 基础必备必修第三册 ◆素材积累 duced concentration,an entertainment mindset( (一)由文本积累主题词块 and a tendency to multitask while consuming 1.the subject of scientific research 科学研究的主题 digital content. 2.positive effects 积极的效果 When reading texts of several hundred words 3.be decorated with houseplants 用室内植物装饰 or more,learning is generally more successful 4.the actual composition of plants 植物的实际成分 when it's on paper than onscreen.A large amount of 5.unusual functions 不寻常的功能 research confirms this finding.The benefits of print 6.be short of 短缺 reading particularly shine through when experi- (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 menters move from posing simple tasks-like 1.productive adi 富有成效的 identifying the main idea in a reading passage-to 2.workplace n. 工作场所 ones that require mental abstraction-such as 3.houseplant n. 室内盆栽植物 drawing inferences from a text. 4.institute n. 研究所 The differences between print and digital 5.composition n. 构成；成分 reading results are partly related to paper's physi- 6.sensor n. 传感器 cal properties.With paper,there is a literal laying (三)由文本辨熟词生义（将词义对应的字母填到横线上） on of hands,along with the visual geography of 1.subject distinct pages.People often link their memory of A.主题 B.课程 what they've read to how far into the book it was C.主语 D.易遭受…的 or where it was on the page. DThe connection between people and plants has long But equally important is the mental aspect. been the subject of scientific research. A Reading researchers have proposed a theory called 2Surprisingly,maths was voted their favourite sub- “shallowing hypothesis(假说)”.According to this ject. 6 theory,people approach digital texts with a mind- 2.read set suited to social media,which are often not so A.读数为 B.读懂；理解 serious,and devote less mental effort than when C.阅读 D.写着 they are reading print. DThe light,about one-thousandth of the amount Audio(音频)and video can feel more engag needed to read by,is just a start. A ing than text,and so university teachers increas- ②The sign on the bus read“Private::Not In Serv- ingly turn to these technologies-say,assigning ice.” D an online talk instead of an article by the same ◆素养提升（由篇章结构，把握文章细节） person.However,psychologists have demonstra- less crime ted that when adults read news stories,they re- positive effect 2.more productive member more of the content than if they listen to 1.Glowing or view identical pieces. plants in composition charge diverse functions Digital texts,audio and video all have educa- the future making plants glow 3.light rooms tional roles,especially when providing resources not available in print.However,for maximizing one-off treatmen 4.last plant's lifetime learning where mental focus and reflection are called control switch fade when exposed for,educators shouldn't assume all media are the same, to daylight even when they contain identical words. text onscreen- not the same reducing consumption reduce distance comprehension on paper not as 1.reflective of electricity 5.save energy ◆[针对训练](2024·新课标I卷，C)Is compre- become easy learning is more 2.successful hension the same whether a person reads a text physical properties visual geography onscreen or on paper?And are listening to and reasons viewing content as effective as reading the written 3.mental aspect shallow hypothesis word when covering the same material?The an- remember 4.more swers to both questions are often“no”.The rea sons relate to a variety of factors,including re Conclusion not the 5.same for maximizing learning 107