必修第三册 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 学习讲义-【名师带你过关】2026-2027学年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义覆盖词汇（基础词、重点词、词形变化等）、核心句型（否定词+比较级表最高级等）及写作（应用文、续写）核心考点，按“基础自测-词形跃迁-句型攻坚-写作应用”逻辑架构，通过真题语境小测、考点用法解析、分层练习等环节，帮助学生系统构建知识网络，突破高频难点。 资料以“真题语境驱动+分层能力训练”为特色，如核心词汇结合2025新课标卷真题讲解majority用法并设计语法填空，核心句型通过汉译英练习提升语言表达能力，写作部分从完成句子到组句成篇培养思维品质。设置基础巩固、能力提升练习，配合即时反馈，助力学生高效掌握考点，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

一、词能自测·基础词 1.moral adj. 　　　　　　n. 　　　　　　  2.dilemma n. 　　　　　  3.physician n. 　　　　　  4.insurance n. 　　　　　  5.disguise vt. 　　　　　　n. 　　　　　　  6.colleague n. 　　　　　  7.spill vt.& vi. 　　　　　  [微语境·小测] 1. (2024·广东深圳模拟)I awkwardly   a tray of drinks, making loud noises and the floor messy. 2. (2024·广东佛山一模)For our own safety, we want the machines to be 　　　　　　as well as cognitively superior to humans.  3. (2025·广东广州模拟)The meeting, the carefully prepared speech and her 　　　　　　, proud smiles all suddenly felt heavy in her chest.  4.Luckily, my neighbor had car 　,  so the damage caused by the small collision last week didn􀆳t bring him too much financial pressure. 5.When a young lady suddenly fainted at the railway station, a man who happened to be a 　　　　　gave her first aid immediately.  二、词能自测·重点词 1. 　　　　　　n. 高尚的道德;美德;优秀品质  2. 　　　　　　adj. 珍稀的;宝贵的  3. 　　　　　　n. 十年;十年期  4. 　　　　　　n. 道德原则;法则;原则  5. 　　　　　　vi.& vt. 悄声说;耳语;低语 n. 耳语(声);低语(声);传言;谣传  6. 　　　　　　n. 绝望 vi. 绝望;感到无望  7. 　　　　　　vt. 聘任;雇用;租用 n. 租借;租用  8. 　　　　　　vt. (举例)说明;阐明;给(书或文章)加插图  9. 　　　　　　n. 专业服务费;报酬  10. 　　　　　　n. 收入;收益  11. 　　　　　　vt. 发表(作品);出版  12. 　　　　　　vt.& vi. (bit, bitten)咬;叮;蜇 n. 咬;(咬下的)一口;咬伤  [微语境·小测] 1. (2026·广东模拟)For 　　　　　　, he has carved traditional Buddha statues for temples across southern Fujian.  2.(2026·广东一模)Since 2023, Wang has 　　　　　　three nonfiction collections and her first full⁃length novel.  3.The kind grandma always follows the 　　　　　　of helping those in need, so she often brings homemade food to the elderly who live alone in the neighborhood.  4.With the development of rural tourism, the local villagers􀆳 　　　　　　has greatly improved, and many families have moved into new and comfortable houses.  5.He 　　　　　　a painter to cover up all that peach with a nice, not flashy gray.  三、词形跃迁·变形实战 1. marriage n. 结婚;婚姻 →　　　　　　 v. (和某人)结婚;嫁;娶  2. tend vt. 照顾;照料 vi. 倾向;趋于 →　　　　　　 n. 趋势;趋向  3. sharp adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的;锋利的;明显的 →　　　　　　 adv. 急剧地;严厉地  →　　　　　　 vt. 削尖;磨快;使提高  4. accident n. 事故;车祸;失事 →　　　　　　 adj. 意外的;偶然的  →　　　　　　 adv.偶然地  5. memory n. 记忆力;回忆 →　　　　　　 vt. 记住;记忆  →　　　　　　 adj.难忘的;值得纪念的  6. harm n.& vt. 伤害;损害 →　　　　　　 adj. 有害的  →　　　　　　 adv. 有害地  →　　　　　　 adj. 无害的  7. tension n. 紧张关系;紧张;焦虑 →　　　　　　 adj. 紧张的;(尤指肌肉、身体)拉紧的 n. (动词的)时态  8. appoint vt. 任命;委派 →　　　　　　 n. 约会;任命;委任  →　　　　　　 adj. 约定的;指定的  9. flexible adj. 灵活的;可变通的 →　　　　　　 adv. 灵活地  →　　　　　　 n. 灵活性  10. discouraged adj. 泄气的;心灰意冷的 →　　　　　　 vt. 使灰心;使泄气;阻拦  [微语境·小测] 1. We were told that throwing away plastic bags casually is 　　　　　　(harm) to the environment.  2.(2025·广东中山高三测试)Certain personality traits like perfectionism or a 　　　　　　(tend) to think about unhelpful things can also contribute to procrastination (拖延症).  3. I once 　　　　　　(accident) dyed my hands purple, and it didn􀆳t wash off for a week.  4.(2025·广东一模)Traditional music, dance, and art forms from Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao will take center stage, providing a 　　　　　　(memory) cultural experience for all attendees.  5. Taking part in the debate competition is a good way to 　　　　　　(sharp) our critical thinking and learn to express our opinions logically.   四、文词进阶·拓展词库 1.hatred n. 　　　　　  2.depict vt. 　　　　　  3.beloved adj. 　　　　　n. 　　　　　  [微语境·小测] 1. It is generally accepted that anger and 　　　　　　both come from not being able to let go of emotional memories.  2. (25⁃26·广东湛江高三下月考)They decided to take a memorable road trip to Spain in August, 2025, with their 　　　　　　cat Filou accompanying them.  3. The painting 　　　　　　the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti⁃war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war.  五、词组攻坚·语境搭链 1. 　　　　　　帮助某人渡过难关  2. 　　　　　　易于做某事;往往会发生某事  3.make an attempt to do sth 　　　　　  4. 　　　　　　作为对……的纪念  5. 　　　　　　流着泪;含着泪  6. a great deal (of) 　　　　　  [微语境·小测] 1. Many people complained about the stone, but nobody 　　　　　to move it.   2.When Matthew asked me if we could do something 　　　　　　grandma, we decided to fulfill her last life wish.  3. When we finally all got together for Mother􀆳s Day and my birthday, everyone was 　　　　　　as each person shared what they had done.  4. If there are one or two people in a lift, for example, they 　　　　　　lean against the walls of the lift and four people together will probably choose a corner each.  5. Make sure you have enough insurance and cash reserves to 　　　　　　a difficult period.  Part Ⅰ　核心词汇 majority　 n. 大部分;大多数 (2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. 尽管这些运动影响广泛,但实际情况是,大多数西方城市都围绕汽车的需求进行了彻底的重新设计。 (1)the majority of … 大多数…… be in the majority占大部分;大多数 (2)major vi. 主修 n. 主修课程　adj.主要的;重要的 major in主修……;以……为专业 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Lily is an outgoing and warm⁃hearted girl who majors 　　　　　　English literature, and she often helps her classmates improve their oral English.  ②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 carefully before the basketball match to avoid getting injured.   大多数运动员会在篮球赛前认真热身,避免受伤。 complain　 vi.& vt. 抱怨;发牢骚 (2026·广东一模)What limits you from hiking more often? Many complain that they don􀆳t have a suitable partner to go with. 什么因素限制了你更频繁地去徒步旅行?许多人抱怨说是因为找不到合适的同伴一起去。 (1)complain to sb 向某人抱怨;发牢骚 complain about sth 抱怨某事 (2)complaint n. 投诉;抱怨;怨言 make a complaint about … 抱怨……;投诉…… 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The little boy complained 　　　　　　his mother 　　　　　　his elder brother always took his favorite toy without permission.  ②The hotel manager dealt with every 　　　　　　(complain) from the guests patiently, trying his best to make them feel satisfied.  ③Many passengers decided to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, as it made them miss the important meeting.  许多乘客决定投诉这趟晚点的飞机,因为它让他们错过了重要的会议。 ④The elderly man often   　.  那位老人经常抱怨附近商店传来的嘈杂音乐,那音乐每晚都会打扰他的日常休息。 respond　 vt. 回答;答复　 vi. 作出反应;回应 (2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)The awkward moment ended with the class erupting into laughter. I forced a smile, unsure how to respond further. 那个尴尬的瞬间随着全班爆发出的笑声结束了。我挤出一个微笑,不知道该如何继续回应。 (1)respond to … 对……作出反应/回应 (2)response n.反应;回答;回复 in response (to)作为(对……)的答复/反应 make (a) response to … 回答;对……作出回应 (3)respondent n.(尤指)调查对象;被告;回答问题的人 完成句子 ①    was the echo of our own voices. 古老森林对我们的呼喊的回应,只有回声。 ②  　,my elder brother  didn􀆳t argue. 面对我的困惑与愤怒,哥哥没有争辩。 ③Seeing her grandmother struggling to breathe, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, calling an ambulance and carefully following the operator􀆳s instructions over the phone.  看到祖母呼吸困难,她必须立刻对这场危机作出反应,拨打急救电话,并仔细按照电话接线员的指示操作。 appoint　 vt. 任命;委派 (2026·广东广州高三上月考)Our teacher appointed me to be the representative of the whole ninth grade in the short story contest. 我们老师任命我作为整个九年级的代表参加短篇小说比赛。 (1)appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事 appoint sb as/to be … 任命某人担任某职务 (2)appointment n. 约会;任命 make an appointment with sb 与某人约会 (3)appointed adj.约定的;指定的 单句语法填空 ①Tom wrote down the time and place carefully in his notebook, afraid that he would forget his important 　　　　　　(appoint) with the dentist.  ②All the tourists gathered at the 　　　　　(appoint) place on time, carrying their backpacks and waiting for the tour guide to lead the way.  ③The group leader appointed Li Hua and me 　　　　　　(collect) information about the Tang Dynasty, so we spent a whole afternoon searching for reliable sources in the school library.  tend　 vt. 照顾;照料　 vi. 倾向;趋于 As educators, we tend to think back and reflect on the teachers who made a difference in our lives. 作为教育工作者,我们往往会回想起那些对我们生活产生过重要影响的老师。 (1)tend to do/be … 易于/趋向…… tend (to) sb/sth 照顾某人/物 (2)tendency n. 趋向;倾向 There is a tendency that … 有一种趋势/倾向 have a tendency to do sth 倾向于做某事,喜欢做某事 单句语法填空 ①Before important exams, I have a   (tend) to review my notes, which makes me feel prepared. ②In unfamiliar social situations, I tend   quiet and observant. replace　 vt. 接替;取代;更换;把……放回原处 Supporters of English spelling reform argue that replacing words with more phonetically accurate letter combinations will promote literacy. 支持英语拼写改革的人认为,用更符合发音规律的字母组合替换现有单词,将有助于提高识字率。 (1)replace A with/by B以B代替A/替换A replace … as … 代替/取代……成为…… (2)replacement n.代替,更换;取代(的人或物) 单句语法填空 ①The set of adventure novels replaced the picture books 　　　　　　the most popular collection in our class library.  ②Many citizens choose to replace private cars 　　　　　　shared bikes for short trips.  ③When my favorite pen broke, I felt upset at first, but the new 　　　　　　(replace) wrote more smoothly and made me happy again.  operation　 n.手术;操作;企业;经营 Hilton, a global hotel leader, is applying lessons learned in Europe and Africa to reduce food waste across its operations. 希尔顿作为全球酒店业领导者,正将在欧洲和非洲学到的经验应用于其运营中,以减少食物浪费。 (1)perform an operation on sb给某人做手术 put sth into operation实施,运行 (2)operate vt. & vi.操作;运转;动手术 operate on给……动手术 (3)operational adj.操作的;业务的;运营的;运转的 完成句子 ①This engine 　.  这台发动机运转不正常。 ②Recently, a clean energy system tailored for polar conditions 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in China􀆳s Qinling station in Antarctica.  最近,为极地条件量身定制的清洁能源系统已经在中国南极秦岭站投入运行。 ③Not only were clothes and blankets distributed to the people in the disaster area, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  不仅向灾区民众分发了衣物和毯子,而且还派遣了许多医生前往为伤者进行救治。 harm　 n.& vt. 伤害;损害 As long as water is held in clean glasses or bottles, no pollutants will enter it to harm our health. 只要将水存放在干净的玻璃杯或瓶子里,就不会有污染物进入水中危害我们的健康。 (1)do harm to … 对……有害 (2)harmful adj. 有害的 be harmful to … 对……有害 (3)harmless adj. 无害的 单句语法填空 ①The Chinese government wants the country to develop, but in a way that doesn􀆳t do harm 　　　　　　the environment and people􀆳s life.  ②Skipping warm⁃up exercises before running is 　　　　　　(harm) to our muscles and may lead to sports injuries.  ③The degradable packaging bags are   (harm) to the soil and can be decomposed completely within three months. a great deal (of)　 大量 While AI⁃powered translation technology has its uses, a great deal can be lost if we rely only on it to communicate. 虽然人工智能驱动的翻译技术有其用途,但如果仅依赖它进行交流,很多东西可能会丢失。 (1)a great deal意为“大量”,起名词作用,在句中可以作主语、宾语等。 (2)a great deal 意为“非常;很”,在句中作状语,可修饰形容词、动词、或副词比较级。 (3)a great deal of后跟不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 单句语法填空 ①Traveling to Xi􀆳an made me understand the long history of China a great deal 　　　　　(deep).  ②A great deal of attention 　　　　　(pay) to the protection of rare wild animals in recent years.  Part Ⅱ　核心句型 否定词+形容词/副词比较级+than …表示最高级含义 There􀆳s nothing more important that we could teach our kids than mindful breathing. 没有什么比教孩子有意识地呼吸更重要的了。 (1)表示最高级意义的常用表达有: ①否定词+形容词/副词比较级+than … ②否定词+so/as+形容词/副词原级+as (2)can/could+never/not … enough/too … 再……也不过分;越……越好 汉译英 ①过马路时,我们再小心也不过分,尤其是在高峰期。     ②没有什么比高考时保持冷静的心态更重要的了。     ③没有哪件事像工业革命那样具有深刻的变革性。     the+序数词+名词+to do She made history in 2014 when she became the first Iranian and first female to be awarded the Fields Medal, generally considered the highest honor in mathematics. 2014年,她成为首位获得菲尔兹奖的伊朗人和首位女性,该奖项通常被认为是数学界的最高荣誉,由此创造了历史。 (1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰或前面有the only, the last, the first等时,通常用动词不定式作后置定语。 (2)在time, way, chance, ability, promise等抽象名词后常用动词不定式作后置定语。 完成句子/汉译英 ①This is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　without passing through the dangerous steep slope.  这是不用经过危险陡坡就能登上山顶的最佳路线。 ②He is   for the provincial youth basketball team from our school. 他是我校唯一一个被选入省青少年篮球队的队员。 ③出门前要做的最后一件事是检查门锁是否关好。     独立主格结构 But when they got deeper into planning the booklet, their argument started, each holding different opinions on the booklet􀆳s style. 但是当他们深入到小册子的策划中时,争论开始了,每个人都对小册子的风格持有不同的意见。 (1)句中each holding different opinions on the booklet􀆳s style是一个由代词each和动词⁃ing短语构成的结构,充当句子的状语,这种语法结构被称作为“独立主格结构”。 (2)独立主格结构形式包括:名词/代词+形容词/副词/介词短语/doing/done/to do。 完成句子 ①　,  the square looked very lively for the National Day. 空中飘着许多彩色气球,广场因国庆节显得格外热闹。 ②　　　　　　　　　　　, the whole family sat around the table and chatted happily.  晚饭做好后,一家人围坐在餐桌旁开心聊天。 ③　,  the park was full of vitality in the morning. 小鸟正在树上唱歌,清晨的公园充满了生机。 一、应用文增分练 你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题,写一篇短文参赛,内容包括: 1.人物简介; 2.值得尊敬和爱戴的原因。 【完成句子】 1.说到我最尊敬的人,我首先想到的是我的英语老师——王老师。(不定式作后置定语)     2.她是一位热心、敬业的老师,把我们当作她的孩子一样照顾和教导。(定语从句; tend)     3.作为十几岁的学生,我们有时候会陷入迷茫和绝望的境地。(where引导定语从句; in despair)     4.每当我们遇到困难时,总是她带我们度过艰难的时期。(强调句式; carry sb through)     5.她赢得了我们所有学生的尊敬,在我们心中她是最美的老师。(否定词+比较级)     【组句成篇】　 把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。               二、续写提能练 单词 1.weep v. 哭泣 2.water v. 流泪 3.sob v. 呜咽 4.moan v. 呻吟 5.sniffle v. (因哭泣)抽鼻子 6.wail/bawl v. 放声大哭 短语 1.be bathed in tears泪流满面 2.fight/hold back tears强忍住眼泪 3.be in floods of tears泪如泉涌 4.burst into tears/burst out crying突然哭起来 5.shed tears流泪 6.choke up哽咽 7.cry one􀆳s eyes/heart out悲痛欲绝 8.cry bitter/lonely tears留下痛苦/孤独的泪水 9.sob/weep with one􀆳s face buried in one􀆳s hands掩面哭泣 句型 1.Jane turned to me with tears in her eyes, and begged me to help her.(with复合结构)简眼里含着泪水转向我,恳求我帮帮她。 2.Bill fought back his tears and tried to comfort Sarah􀆳s mother.比尔抑制住泪水,并试图安慰桑拉的母亲。 3.Her hands were shaking. She was on the verge of tears but Paul didn􀆳t realize that. 她的手在颤抖。她快要哭出来了,但保罗没有意识到这一切。 4.Cecil came round later, crying his eyes out, asking me to forgive him. 赛西尔后来来了,哭得很伤心,请求我原谅他。 【微场景实战】 　“积极的人生态度” Susan was caught in a car accident and fainted. She finally came to life after a chain of operations but went blind forever, which threw her in the depth of despair. ①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (因为害怕面对未来,她经常掩面哭泣。看到妻子泪流满面,丈夫马克心碎了。他非常细心地照顾她,决心帮助她恢复力量和信心,走出困境。) He bought her a guide dog, encouraged her to learn Braille and accompanied her to join in community activities. ②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (渐渐地,苏珊的紧张情绪被自信所取代。她轻声说:“马克,谢谢你。是你帮助我渡过了难关。”)  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2　Morals and Virtues 【筑基通关·知识锚点】 一、 1.道德的;道义上的　品行;道德;寓意 2.进退两难的境地;困境　3.医师;(尤指)内科医生 4.保险;保险业 5.装扮;假扮;掩盖 　伪装;化装用具 6.同事;同僚　7.(使)洒出;(使)溢出 微语境·小测 1. spilled　2. morally　3. colleagues　4. insurance 5.physician 二、 1.virtue　2.precious　3.decade　4.principle　5.whisper 6.despair　7.hire　8.illustrate　9.fee　10.income 11.publish　12.bite 微语境·小测 1.decades　2.published　3. principle　4. income　5. hired 三、 1.marry　2.tendency　3.sharply→sharpen 4. accidental→accidentally　5.memoriz(s)e→memorable 6. harmful→harmfully→harmless　7.tense 8. appointment→appointed　9. flexibly→flexibility 10.discourage 微语境·小测 1. harmful　2.tendency　3. accidentally　4. memorable　5. sharpen 四、 1.仇恨;憎恨;厌恶　2.描述;描写;描绘 3.钟爱的;深受喜爱的　爱的人　 微语境·小测 1.hatred　2. beloved　3. depicts 五、 1.carry sb through sth 2.tend to do sth 3.尝试做某事;努力做某事 4.in memory of 5.in tears 6.大量 微语境·小测 1. made an attempt　2. in memory of 3.in tears　4. tend to　5.carry you through 【词句锐解·靶心精练】 Part Ⅰ 1. ①in　②The majority of the players warm up 2. ①to; that　②complaint　③complain about/make a complaint about the delayed flight ④complains about/makes a complaint about the loud music from the nearby shop, which disturbs his daily rest every evening 3. ①The only response from the ancient forest to our shouts ②In response to my confusion and anger ③she had to respond to the crisis at once 4. ①appointment　②appointed　③to collect 5. ①tendency　②to be 6. ①as　②with/by　③replacement 7. ①does not operate properly ②has been put into operation　③but many doctors were also sent to operate on the injured 8. ①to　②harmful　③harmless 9. ①deeper　②has been paid Part Ⅱ 1. ①We can􀆳t be too cautious when crossing the road, especially in the rush hour. ②Nothing is more important than keeping a calm mind when taking the college entrance examination. ③No event has been so profoundly transformative as the Industrial Revolution. 2. ①the best path to reach the top of the mountain ②the only player to be selected ③The last thing to do before leaving home is to check if the door is locked. 3. ①Many colorful balloons in the air　②The dinner cooked　③The birds singing in the tree 【写作提质·素养靶向练】 一、应用文增分练 【完成句子】 1. When it comes to the person to respect most in my life, the first one that comes to my mind is my English teacher — Ms. Wang./ As for the person to look up to most, my English teacher Ms Wang is the first to come to my mind. 2. She is a warm⁃hearted and dedicated teacher who tends and teaches us as if we were her own children. 3. As teenagers, we sometimes fall into situations where we are confused and in despair./ Being teenagers, we sometimes step into a state where we are puzzled and in despair. 4. Whenever we come across troubles, it is her who always carries us through the hardships. 5. She is respected by all the students, and nobody is a more beautiful teacher than her in our minds./ She has won the respect of all of us students, and no teacher is more beautiful than her in our hearts. 【组句成篇】 The Person I Respect When it comes to the person I respect most, the first one to come into my mind is my English teacher Ms.Wang. She is a warm⁃hearted and dedicated teacher, who tends and instructs us as if we were her own children. She has a flexible teaching method. When I encounter problems in English learning, she listens to me patiently and explains them carefully, helping me overcome the difficulties. As teenage students, we are sometimes put into situations where we get lost and fall in despair. Whenever we are in trouble, it is always her who carries us through the tough period. She has won great respect from all us students and in our minds, no one is more beautiful than her. 二、续写提能练 ①Scared to face the future, she often sobbed/wept with her face buried in her hands. Seeing his wife bathed in tears, her husband, Mark, was heartbroken. He tended her with great care and determined to assist her to regain strength and confidence and step out of such a passive dilemma. ②Gradually, Susan􀆳s tension was replaced by confidence. She whispered gently, “Mark, thank you. It is you who carry me through the tough situation.” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $