基础必备 必修第三册 UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES（配套教参）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（人教版）

基础必备 UNIT 2 主题语境人与自我 道德品质 MORALS AND VIRTUES 话题词块 话题佳句 1.serve the people heart and soul 全心全意为人民服务L.Kindness is the sunshine in which virtue 2.share sorrows as well as happiness with sb. grows. 与某人同甘共苦 慈善是滋养美德的阳光。 3.be enthusiastic about... 对…热心2.It is recognised that kindness and diligence are 4.set a good example to 给…树立了好的榜样 both traditional virtues of Chinese people. 5.make contributions to 对…做出贡献 公认的是，善良和勤劳是中国人民的传统 6.devote oneself to education 献身于教育 美德。 7.Honesty is the best policy. 诚实为贵。 3.It hits me that what moves me most is that 8.sacrifice one's interests to benefit society she is always helpful when others come 牺牲自己的利益来造福社会 across difficulties. 9.assist those in need 帮助哪些需要帮助的人 我忽然想到最让我感动的是，当别人遇到困 10.carry me through the period 帮我度过艰难时期 难时，她总是乐于助人。 聚焦层级突破 学生用书P92 聚焦核心要点落实 第一板块] [练通]一单句语法填空/完成句子 -DIYIBANKUAI 词汇点拨台 ①(2023·北京卷)For example,stress could serve [核心词汇一 逐点清] as a cue that one responds to by eating,which L,appoint vt,任命；委派；安排 produces the reward-the reduction of stress. (1)appoint sb.as/to be... 任命某人为… 2Our country has set up many natural reserves in appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人做某事 response(respond)to wildlife's needs. (2)appointment n. 约会；约定，预约；委任 ③(2024·新课标I卷)..we are increasingly using make/have an appointment(with sb. observational data to investigate how species are (与某人)约会/预约 responding to global change,... keep/break an appointment 守约/违约 …我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研究物种如 (3)appointed adj. 约定的；指定的 何应对全球变化，… [练通]一一单句语法填空/完成句子 [金句]—一句多译 DThe man has been appointed to be(be)managing 接收到一个信息并不意味着你需要回复。 director of the department. Receiving a text does not mean you need to re- 2The disabled girl is attended throughout her schooldays spond to it.(respond) by a nurse appointed to guard(guard)her. 5Receiving a text does not mean you need to make a ③(2024·全国甲卷)People started queuing to make response to it.(response) an appointment (appoint)early in the morning. 3.tend vt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于 4Having made an appointment with the doctor,I (1)tend to do sth. 易于做某事；往往会发生某事 am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the tend sb./sth. 照看某人/某物 bookshop at the appointed time..(分词作状语) (2)tendency n. 倾向；趋势；偏好 由于已经和医生预约，我非常抱歉不能在约定的时 have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向 间陪你去书店了。 [练通]—单句语法填空/完成句子 2.respond vt.回答；回复vt.做出反应；回应 DThe prices of vegetables are reported to have a (1)respond to...回应…；对…作出反应 tendency(tend)to increase in some cities. respond that...回答说… ②(2o25·全国二卷)Tending(tend)to plants is an (2)response n. 反应；回答；回复 exercise in patience and learning. in response to 响应；反应（通常作状语） ③(2024·全国甲卷)However,when a cat is looking make (no)response to for affection,they tend to produce(往往发出) 对…（不）作出反应/回答 stretched and soft meows(喵喵的叫声). 87 高考总复习英语 [点津]“照顾”各种表达： 3He asked us to assist him in carrying through his (1)look after (2)take care of plan. (3)care for (4)attend(to)sb. 他请求我们帮他完成他的计划。 [金句]一一句多译 6.harm n.&vt.损害；伤害 这孩子倾向于在网上和陌生人聊天，这让他的父母很 生气。 (1 harm sb./sth.-do harm to sb./sth.-cause 4The child has a tendency to chat with strangers on harm to sb./sth. the Internet,making his parents very angry. 对某人/某物造成损害：损害某人/某物 (tendency) There is no harm in doing... 做…没有害处 5The child tends to chat with strangers on the In- (2)harmful adj. 有害的；导致损害的 ternet,making his parents very angry.(tend) be harmful to... 对…有害 4.replace vt..接替；取代；更换 (3)harmless adj. 无害的 ,sb./sth. 取代某人/某物 (1)replace {sb./sth.with/by..用…代替某人/某物 [练通]—单句语法填空 (sb./sth.as .. 作为…代替某人/某物 ①(2025·浙江1月卷)While gendering a product (2)replacement n.替换，更换；替代品；接替者 may be good marketing,it may also strengthen a replacement for替代…的物或人 outdated or harmful(harm)ideas about power and [练通]一单句语法填空/完成句子 identity. ①(2025·全国一卷)Describing her alarm at its pro 2Walking in the air full of haze does harm to us. posed replacement(replace)with an expressway, 3 Rubbish can be changed into harmless (harm) Jane Jacobs called on her mayor(市长)to champi- things. on "New York as a decent place to live,and not [金句]—句式升级 just rush through.” ④（倡议书）有些男生对玩电脑游戏简直到了痴迷的 2As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with/by a baseball uniform. 程度，这对他们的健康非常有害。 3It was said that she would replace Tom as monitor Some boys are addicted to playing games,which is of our class. very harmful to their health.(定语从句；harmful) ④We need to find a replacement for(替代…的人) -Some boys are addicted to playing games,cau- Mr.Smith as general manager. sing great harm to their health.(分词短语作状语， [点津]表达“代替…”的短语还有： harm) take one's/sth.'s place 7.pass away去世 take the place of sb./sth. in one's/sth.'s place pass by 经过；（时间）过去 in place of sb./sth. pass down 流传 [金句]一一句多译 pass on sth.to sb. 把某物传给某人 找一个人来代替现在的经理是不容易的。 pass out 昏倒 5It would be difficult to find a man in place of the [练通]—单句语法填空 present manager.(in place of) DA thoughtful official passed on some of the copies 6It would be difficult to find a man to replace the to the park authorities. present manager.(replace) DIt would be difficult to find a man to take the place 2I nearly passed out when I saw all the blood in the of the present manager.(take the place of) spot of a traffic accident. 5.assist vt.帮助；援助 3Three hours passing by,I became more and more impatient. (1)assist sb.in doing sth./in/with sth. 在…方面帮助某人 4Our duty is to pass down our traditions to the assist sb.to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 next generation. (2)assistance n. 帮助；援助 [金句]一微写作 (3)assistant n. 助手；助理；图书管理员 ⑤袁隆平院士去世的消息让每个中国人都感到悲伤 [练通]—单句语法填空/完成句子 -The news that academician Yuan Longping pas- ①(2024·全国甲卷)I was very impressed by the sed away made every Chinese feel sad. doctors and their assistants (assist)working and 8.in memory of作为对…的纪念 living in such little space. (1)in memory of=in honour of为纪念… 2As an assistant,he assisted the professor with the have a good/bad memory for... experiment.And his assistance made the experi- 对…记忆力好/差 ment easier to do. 作为助手，他协助教授做实验。他的帮助使实验更 in one's memory 在某人的记忆中 容易做。 (2)memorize vt. 记住；记忆 ·88· 基础必备必修第三册 [练通]一单句语法填空 2If I am lucky enough to win the election(elect), D Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention the first thing I will do is to enrich our students' winners,who will each receive a T-shirt in memo- after-class activities. ry of Earhart's final flight. [点津]在“elect sb.十职务”结构中，总统、市长等 的职位前不用加任何冠词。 2 He had a long memory for people who had 2.complain vi..&vt.抱怨；发牢骚 helped him. [练通]—单句语法填空 3Those who have dedicated their lives to their coun- D Dad never complained about/of unfairness!He try and people will live in our memory forever. even seemed to think that was fair. 4Many students like to spend time memorizing(memory) ②(2025·北京卷)He loved biking around his neigh English vocabulary. bourhood but grew upset seeing that many plastic [名师点津]“in十n.十of”型短语聚焦： bottles littered the parks and sidewalks.Instead in favour of支持 in need of 需要 of simply complaining (complain),he decided to in place of 代替 in case of 如果 do something about it. 3I'm going to complain to the manager about this. in praise of 赞扬 in search of 寻找 [点津]complain后面不能直接跟sb.作宾语，须加 in honour of为了纪念in possession of拥有 介词to。类似的词还有explain、announce、suggest等。 in charge of掌管in celebration of为了庆祝 [金句]—一微写作 [润中华]We held a series of celebrations in memory of ④一些学生抱怨说，他们每天有太多的家庭作业 the doctors who gave their lives to the country. 要做。 我们举办了一系列的庆祝活动来纪念那些为了国 Some students complain/make a complaint that 家而献出生命的医生。 they have too much homework to do every day. 3.operation n.手术；企业；经营 [孩师专享间考词] [练通]一单句语法填空 L.elect vt.选举；推选 DThe doctor will have to operate on the patient's [练通]一单句语法填空 eyes next day. DAfter Lincoln was elected (elect)President of the 2The act will come into operation(operate)later this year. US in 1861,they rented the house and sold most 3The new operator wasn't able to operate the ma- of their furniture. chine well.(operation) 主题语境·培优词汇库 子话题1一职位与职称 子话题2一工作 ①position n. 职位 ①interview n.&.vt. 采访；面试 ②assistant n. 助手；助理 2profession/occupation n. 职业 ③engineer n. 工程师；技师 ③get/be promoted 获得晋升 ④secretary n. 秘书；书记员 ④interviewee n. 参加面试者；接受采访者 ⑤accountant n. 会计；会计师 ⑤employ/hire ut. 雇用 ⑥consultant n. 顾问 (⑥recommend vt. 推荐 第二板块 句式精剖析 (2)can/could (形容词/副词十enough LDIERBANKUAI never/not+be+ltoo+形容词/副词 1.“否定词十形容词比较级”表达最高级含义 (any other-十单数名词 To a person nothing is more precious than their 比较级十 all the other+复数名词 life.… (3) anyone else than 对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更珍贵 any of the other-十复数名词 的了…。 the rest of-十复数名词或不可数名词 句中nothing is more precious than..为“否定词+形 [练通]一完成句子 容词/副词比较级十than..”结构，此处用比较级 DYour story is perfect;I've never heard a better one before(听过比这更好的故事). 形式表达最高级的含义。 ②Tom is taller than(比…高)any other student in (1)“否定词十比较级”表示“没有比…更…；没 our class. 有像…一样…”，常用的否定词有no、not ③You can never be too careful(越小心越好)while never、nothing、nobody、hardly等； crossing the street. ·89 高考总复习英语 [▣中华]As far as I'm concerned,as a student, ④(2023·全国乙卷)Four years later,she was the nothing is more important than hard study. first African American woman to receive a medical 就我个人而言，作为一名学生，没有什么比努力学 degree(获得医学学位). 习更重要的了。 3.独立主格结构 2.the+序数词十名词+to do sth. After a while,a group of women came along, She immediately became the first woman ever to be each balancing a pot of water on her head. hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN de- 过了一会儿，一群妇女走了过来，每个人头上都顶 partment of the PUMC Hospital. 着一罐水。 她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科有史以来第一位 (1)用法：独立主格结构在句中作状语，修饰谓语或 被聘为住院医师的女性。 整个句子，可置于句首、句中或句尾，用逗号与 句中the first woman ever to be hired为“the+序 主句隔开，表时间、条件、原因、伴随、目的或结 数词十名词十to do sth.”。 果等。 动词不定式短语通常放于下列两类结构的后面作 (2)结构： 定语。 名词/代词+doing(主动/进行) (1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等 名词/代词+done(被动/完成) 修饰时或前有the only、the last、the right等 名词/代词十todo(未发生的动作) 时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。 名词/代词十形容词/副词/介词短语 (2)在time、way、chance、ability、promise等抽象 [练通]一单句语法填空/完成句子 名词后，常用不定式作定语。动词不定式作后置 DThe children went home from the grammar school, 定语表示将要发生的动作。 their lessons finished(finish)for the day. [练通]—一完成句子 2Hands waving(wave),I dashed towards the bird, ①He is the only man to know the truth(唯一知道真 yelling to make myself noticed. 相的人) 3Many trees and flowers planted(plant),our new- ②(2025·全国二卷)School can keep those dreams ly-built school looks even more beautiful. alive by giving kids a way to learn(一种学习)and 4Hearing their plan,Bernard jumped for joy,tears grow. of happiness and gratitude welling up in his eyes. ③The next man to approach me(接着向我走过来的 听到他们的计划，伯纳德高兴得跳了起来，幸福和 那个人)was selling expensive pens and watches. 感激的泪水涌上双眼。 进阶>多维检测 学生用书P96 夯基固本多维运用 ◆[维度1]词形转换 9.The moment the assistant(assist)saw the scene, 用括号内所给词的适当变形填空 he froze there with nothing to say. 1.She majors in history.However,the majority(ma- 10.He knew I was energetic(energy)and dynamic jor)of her friends major in science. and would get things done. 2.She told her son that playing computer games too [维度2]固定用法 much was harmful(harm)to him. 1.Who do you suppose will be appointed as office 3.(2025·全国二卷)If you're scared(scare)about manager? something and thinking only about that,there's 2.It is typical of him to respond to other's requests no way you're going to be able to learn. in spite of his own business. 4.It is satisfying that the cultural exchange project 3.His colleagues assisted him in decorating the has received a positive response(respond). house for his wedding. 5.I couldn't agree more (much).That's a best place for a vacation. 4.The majority of students show respect to their 6.(2021·全国乙卷)We had a woman patient who teachers. was put to the test from a knee replacement opera- 5.The boys set off fireworks to scare away the mon- tion (operate). keys. 7.Let's congratulate the couple on/upon their happy 6.When the boss arrived,the joyful atmosphere was marriage(marry). replaced with a serious one. 8.Personally,I think store shopping will exist along 7.Some festivals are held in memory of their ances- with online shopping and will never be replaced tors. (replace). 8.I've got an appointment which I can't cancel. ·90· 基础必备必修第三册 9.In my opinion,nothing is more pleasant than travelling. 10.He tried to follow Jack's footsteps in the snow and tripped over a stone. ◆[维度3]话题写作（征文稿） [参考范文] 假定你是李华，你校英文报正在开展以“Thanks Thanks for Teachers for Teachers'”为主题的征文活动。请你结合自身经 Ms Zhang was my favorite teacher,who was al- 历，用英文写一篇短文，介绍你做过的一件感恩老师 ways so kind and considerate to us.I had been ho- 的事。要点包括： ping to express my gratitude to her,but there was 1.事情的起因； no chance until one day I knew her birthday by 2.事情的经过； chance.A good idea struck me. 3.你的感受或启示。 I called on my classmates to write our sincere 注意：1.词数80左右； thanks on the postcards and put them in Ms Zhang's 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 text book.We were all excited,seeing her surprised Thanks for Teachers face when she opened the book in class.Through this experience,I realize even the smallest action can become the strongest bridge to show your gratitude! 读后续写微技能13一做一位“品德高尚的人” 精彩词汇记牢 单句续写运用 virtue n. 高尚的道德；美德 用左栏的表达续写下列句子。 kind adj. 善良的 有才能的；天才的 DSince the death of his parents,he has developed a talented adi. strong sense of responsibility. ambitious adj. 宏大的；有雄心的 2When she was young,she planted the seeds of the seeds of virtue 美德的种子 virtue. a talented person 有天赋的人 3He works hard,so I believe that he has a promis a sense of responsibility 责任感 ing future. a promising future 前途光明 培优>提能加餐 学生用书 P97 高考对接素养培优 [培优1]单元知识链高考 一、熟词生义 二、一词多义一根据语境选出sharp的含义 1.Challenging work that requires lots of analytical A.adj,急剧的 B.adj.敏锐的 thinking,planning and other managerial skills C.adj.锋利的 D.adw.…点整 might help your brain stay sharp as you age,a E.aj,急转的：陡的 F.adj.清晰的 study published Wednesday in the journal Neurol- 1.She stared at the dolphin with her sharp bright ogy suggests. adj.思维敏捷的；头脑敏锐的 eyes. B 2.(全国卷)On certain major event days,i.e.Aus 2.There has been a sharp decline in the death rate tralia Day,Anzac Day,sporting and cultural because of the advanced technology. A days,special additional services may operate. 3.I was approaching a fairly sharp bend that swept .供使用的 downhill to the left. E 4.The volunteers will gather at the school gate at 3.(全国卷)Chris trips on the“-ld”,a pronunciation 8:00 sharp this morning. D difficulty for many non-native English speakers. 5.All the footmarks are quite sharp and clear. .磕巴 F 4.(2025·全国二卷)Things like kale ribs,.fish col- 6.She had her finger cut by a sharp knife by accident lars,rejected sweet potatoes... .别除；拒收 while she was cutting potatoes. C ·91· 高考总复习英语 [培优2]高考语篇培素养 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 (2021·新高考卷)My life as a tax-pay 1.A.sold B.ordered ing employed person began in middle C.made D.reserved school,when,for three whole days,I worked 2.A.stores B.families in a baking factory. C.schools D.citizens My best friend Betsy's father was a 3.A.generous B.financial manager at Hough Bakeries,which,at East- C.technical D.temporary er time,1 little bunny(兔子)cakes for 4.A.plans B.problems all its 2 throughout Cleveland.It hap- C.excuses D.hobbies pened that the plant downtown needed eight 5.A.offer B.earn kids for 3 help during our spring C.set D.suggest break,for which I had no 4 beyond lis- 6.A.worked B.closed tening to my favorite records.I'd 5 C.developed D.survived minimum wage.I'd see how a factory 7.A.ambition B.permission 6.My parents thought all of this was a C.experience D.invitation grand idea and called Betsy's dad with their 8.A.joys B.ideas 7· C.roles D.choices Our 8 in the factory were simple:9.A.Save B.Keep Place cakes on a moving belt.Attach icing C.Stop D.Remove (糖霜)ears.Apply icing eyes and nose., 10.A.harder B.better 9 bunny from the belt.This was 10 C.longer D.cheaper than it sounds.11 a bit and the cakes 11.A.Calm down B.Slow down pile up.As I told my parents at dinner that C.Stay on D.Move on first night,it was all a little more high-pres- 12.A.indicated B.witnessed sure than I'd 12 C.expected D.remembered Dad 13 The son of a grocer,he'd 13.A.cried B.smiled spent the summers of his childhood 14 C.hesitated D.refused food in Bernardsville,New Jersey.This was 14.A.tasting B.finding the sort of work that made you 15 the C.sharing D.delivering dollars you earned and respect those who 15.A.withdraw B.donate did the work,he told me. C.receive D.appreciate [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 5.B[根据上文这家工厂需要人临时帮忙可知，“我” 中学时“我”在烘焙工厂工作的经历。 最终在这家烘焙工厂工作了。结合该句中的mini l.C[根据上文中的“I worked in a baking factory” mum wage可知，“我”会挣最低的工资。] 可知，烘焙工厂自然应该“制作”蛋糕。] 6.A[下文一系列的描写性语言如“Place cakes on a 2.A[根据语境可知，its指的是Hough Bakeries,这 moving belt..”正是对这家工厂的日常运作情况 是一家烘焙工厂的名字。根据常识可知，烘焙工厂 的描写，故此处表示“我”会看到这家工厂是如何运 要向它的门店供货。] 转的。] 7.B[根据“My parents thought all of this was a 3.D[根据“during our spring break”可知，这家烘 grand idea.·.”可知，“我”的父母认为这是个好主 焙工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙。] 意，于是“准许”了并给“我”朋友的父亲打了电话。门 4.A[根据空前的for which可知，which指代的应 8.C[根据句中的“..in the factory were simple: 该是spring break。所以空处所在句是说春假期间 Place cakes on a moving belt..”以及下文一系列对 “我”除了听“我”最喜欢的唱片外没有别的 动作的描写可知，此处表示“我们”在工厂的角色很 “计划”。] 简单。] ·92· 基础必备必修第三册 9.D[根据上文中的“Place cakes on a moving (三)由文本辨熟词生义（将词义对应的字母填到横 blt.”可知，此处表达的意思与其相呼应，表示把 线上) 蛋糕从传送带上“取下来”。] 1.plant l0.A[根据本段最后一句中的“..it was all a little A.植物B.设备C.工二D.种植 more high-pressure than,.”可以判断，工厂实 ①(2o25·全国-卷)We should be looking into up 际的工作强度比“我”想象中的大。由此可知，空 grading drinking water treatment plants so they 处所在句是说工作要比听上去更难。] remove microplastics. ll.B[根据“a bit and the cakes pile up”并结合常识 2Water the plant regularly,never letting the soil 可知，工人的动作如果稍微慢下来，蛋糕就会堆积 dry out. A 起来。] 2.apply 12.C[根据上文可知，“我”原以为在烘焙工厂的工 作会很筒单，但其实工作的压力比想象的要大。 A.申请 B.涂，敷 再结合该句中的“..it was all a little more high C.适用 D.使用；应用 pressure than..”可以判断，C项符合语境。] DApply icing eyes and nose. B l3.B[根据“The son of a grocer,he'd spent the 2The new technology was applied to farming. summers of his childhood”可知，“我”的父亲儿时 D 也曾经在暑期打工。他对这种工作深有体会，所 ◆素养提升（完形填空之根据情节发展推理判断） 以在“我”讲述第一天工作的感受时，父亲笑了。] 完形填空解题技巧之一：根据情节发展推理判断」 14.D[根据“he'd spent the summers of his child- 即：事情的发展总是有序的，一个动作完成才有可 h0od.·.”以及最后一句可知，作者的父亲在童年 能发生另一动作。出题人根据事情发展的有序性， 的夏日也曾工作过，再结合“The son of a grocer” 抽出其中一个环节，考查学生的推理能力和连贯阅 可知，他的工作是派送(delivering)食品。] 读能力。 l5.D[根据“..respect those who did the work, 本文第9题就利用故事的发展顺序考查了学生的 he told me.”可知，父亲告诉“我”这种工作能让 推理和连贯的阅读能力。此处描述烘焙工厂的流 “我”“珍惜”自己挣到的钱。门 水线工作流程：(1)将蛋糕“放Place”在传送带上； ◆素材积累 (2)“固定Attach”糖霜耳朵；(3)在“涂上Apply”糖 (一)由文本积累主题词块 霜眼睛和鼻子。一个“小兔子蛋糕bunny cake'”完 1.employed person 从业人员 成了，下一步就要从传送带上移走(remove)。故选 2.spring break 春假 D项 3.have plans for 对…有打算 ◆[针对训练](2024·浙江1月卷) 4.a moving belt 传送带 。。 5.remove...from... 将…从…移开 (Paragraph 2)Over several hours,he would 6.slow down (使)放慢；（使）减速 tell me about how he had a two-year 7.pile up (使)堆积；（使）成堆 professional school to quickly find a job building (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 highways in order to help support his family... 1.tax-paying adj. 纳税的 A.visited B.financed 2.minimum adj. 最低的；（数量）极少的 C.attended D.founded 3.high-pressure adj. 非常紧张的；压力大的 解析：C[本题就考查了学生的情节发展推断能力 4.grocer n. 食品杂货商；食品杂货店 和阅读的连贯能力。情节发展到的空后动作是找 5.financial adj. 金融的；财政的 (find)到一份工作，此前的动作应该是就业前的学 6.temporary adj. 暂时的；临时的 习或培训。即：上职业学校(attend a two-year pro- 7.withdraw v. 撤回；撤离；停止提供 fessional school).] ·93·