必修第3册 UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义围绕词汇、语法、写作三大核心考点，按“基础积累—语境应用—综合输出”逻辑层次展开，涵盖单词拼写、词性转换、句型公式、应用文及读后续写等模块，通过考点梳理、方法指导、真题训练（如2024新课标卷真题）等环节，帮助学生构建完整知识体系，突破高频难点。 资料以语言能力和思维品质培育为核心，创新采用“词汇—语法—写作”一体化训练模式，如读后续写中结合动作链（如“咬唇—瘸行—挥手”）和情感描写（如“泪如泉涌”）提升表达精准性，设置分层练习（基础巩固、能力提升）与即时反馈，确保高效复习，为教师把控复习节奏、学生提升应考能力提供有力支撑。

Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．(2025·全国一卷)My daily posts and the visits I received became a precious (宝贵的) ray of light in the chaos of my house. 2．(2025·南京综合训练)Mom's eyes filled with tears (眼泪)as she read the note, which said, “Thank you for your kindness yesterday.There is still good in the world.” 3．It was at the very moment that I was in total despair (绝望) and decided to go home.(情绪描写) 4．As is known to us，it's a virtue (美德) to give a hand to those in need，especially in such a competitive and stressful society. 5．Therefore (因此), instead of feeling frustrated and losing heart, you're supposed to summarize the reasons for the failure and continue to train hard. Ⅱ.语境运用 1．To my surprise, within hours, I received lots of responses (respond) from Weifang kite masters offering detailed advice. 2．(2026·贵阳七校联考)Maggie, with her big, scared (scare) eyes, expressed her gratitude to them in a barely audible voice. 3．What's more, they should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay energetic (energy) and fit. 4．I told him how harmful (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco­friendly options. 5．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published (publish) in 1755. 6．There is a growing tendency (tend) among young people to use digital platforms for learning and communication. 7．The replacement (replace) of the old bridge with a new one has significantly improved traffic flow in the area. 8．The students seemed to be expecting another boring and dull English lesson, some dropping their eyes and some whispering (whisper) in the back rows. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．给我印象最深的是他著名的人生哲学：“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐。 What impresses me most is his famous philosophy of life：“Be the first to worry about the troubles across the land, the last to enjoy universal happiness.” 2．他的心剧烈地跳动着，他轻轻地把她翻过身来，却发现她的嘴唇已经变得发青，身体也在剧烈地颤抖着。 His heart pounding wildly, he gently rolled her over, only to find her lips turning blue and her body shivering violently. 3．没有什么比躺在草地中央仰望星空更令人愉悦的事了。 There is no greater pleasure than lying on the middle of the grassland and staring at the night sky. respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应 (response n．回答，答复；反应) (1)respond to　对……做出回应或反应；答复 (2)in response to 对……的答复；对……做出反应 make a/no response to 对……做出回应/不予回答 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Their behavior returned to normal, responding (respond) with more excitement, as if sensing the love and attention.(2026·苏锡常镇四市调研) ②Greatly surprised by her response (respond)，I left with a mixture of gratitude, respect and shame.(情绪描写) ③我写信是为了回应你上一封信，在信中你要我就如何策划以“绿色北京”为主题的俱乐部活动提供建议。(2023·北京卷，书面表达) I am writing in response to your last letter asking me for advice on how to plan a club activity with the theme of “Green Beijing”． appoint vt.任命；委派 (appointment n．约会；约定，预约；委任 appointed adj.约定的；指定的) (1)appoint sb as/to be... 　 任命某人为…… appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事 (2)make/have an appointment (with sb) (与某人)约会/预约 keep/break an appointment 守约/违约 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I'm writing to apologise for not being able to accompany you to the bookshop at the appointed (appoint) time.(道歉信) ②他在得知自己被任命为队长后，难掩激动之情，手舞足蹈地进了屋。(动作描写) Learning that he was appointed as head of the team, he couldn't contain his excitement and danced into the house. ③很抱歉我不能陪你去书店，因为我已经预约了牙医。(道歉信) I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookstore，for I have made an appointment with my dentist． tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于(tendency n．倾向， 趋势) (1)tend to do...　倾向于做……；往往做…… tend to sb/sth 照料；照管；护理 (2)have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Studies have found that children who spend more time outside tend to be (be) healthier, better adjusted and better at dealing with stress.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) ②As a Senior 3 student, it is normal that you have a tendency to get (get) anxious with time going by. ③我写信是为了向在医院里照顾我妈妈的王女士表示真诚的感谢。(感谢信) I'm writing to express my sincere thanks to Ms.Wang who tended my mother in the hospital． scare vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓(scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的 scary adj.吓人的；恐怖的) (1)be scared to do sth　害怕/不敢做某事 be scared of sb/sth 害怕某人/某事 be scared to death 吓得要死 (2)scare sb into doing sth 恐吓某人做某事 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①With all those strangers surrounding her, she felt scared (scare) and started crying. ②After watching a scary (scare) film in the cinema，she was scared of walking home alone and therefore，she called a taxi. ③既害怕又震惊，莎拉呆立在原地，她的大脑飞速运转，想要弄明白刚刚发生了什么。(心理描写) Scared and shocked, Sarah stood frozen in place, her mind racing to make sense of what had just happened. ④意识到自己的错误后，我胆怯地低下了头，不敢看父亲那阴郁的脸色。(心理描写) Having realized my mistake, I bowed my head timidly, scared to look at my father's cloudy face． replace vt.接替；取代；更换；放回原处 (1)replace sth with/by sth　　用……替换…… (2)take the place of 代替 take one's place 代替 (3)in place of 代替 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①As far as I'm concerned，it is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with/by snacks. ②失去的财富可由勤奋而恢复，但失去的时间却一去不复返。(主旨升华) Lost wealth may be replaced by industry, but lost time is gone forever. ③喜欢其他文化并向其学习是件好事，但它们永远无法取代你自己的文化。 It's good to enjoy other cultures and learn from them，but they can never replace/take the place of your own culture． assist vt.帮助；协助；援助 (assistance n．帮助；协助 assistant n．助手；助理) (1)assist sb to do/in doing sth 　 帮助某人做某事 assist sb with/in sth 在某方面帮助某人 (2)come/go to one's assistance 来/去援助某人 with the assistance of... 在……的帮助下 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Whether it's helping classmates with their studies, assisting (assist) a teacher with classroom duties, or volunteering for community services, Zhang Jian is always there to lend a hand.(2023·天津3月卷，人物介绍) ②Should you require any assistance (assist) or materials, please don't hesitate to contact me.(2025·全国二卷，咨询信) ③Having a great deal of teaching experience at a primary school，I do believe that I am qualified to be your teaching assistant (assist).(申请信) ④在他们爸爸的帮助下，这对双胞胎成功了，脸上洋溢着快乐的笑容。 With the assistance of their father，the twins made it, their faces brimming with happy smiles. tear n．眼泪；泪水 vt.撕破 (tore, torn, tearing) (1)关于哭的描写： in tears　 　流着泪；含着泪 burst into tears 突然大哭起来 hold back tears 强忍住泪水 tears blurred/misted one's eyes 泪眼模糊 be filled with tears 泪流满面 be in floods of tears 大哭；泪如泉涌 (2) tear...into pieces 把……撕成 [练透]　完成句子/句式升级 ①她如此生气以至于把信撕成碎片，哭着跑进房间。 She was so angry that she tore the letter into pieces, running into her room in tears. ②听到他们的计划，伯纳德高兴得跳了起来，幸福和感激的泪水涌上双眼。(情绪描写) Hearing their plan，Bernard jumped for joy，tears of happiness and gratitude welling up in his eyes． ③David raised his head and stared at me and his eyes was filled with tears.(情感描写) →David raised his head and stared at me，his eyes filled with tears．(独立主格结构) a great deal (of) 大量 (1)a great/good deal of “许多的；大量的”，修饰不可数名词。 (2)a great deal用作名词短语，意为“大量；许多”，作主语或者宾语。 (3)a great/good deal用作副词，可修饰形容词或副词比较级来加强程度，也可以作状语修饰动词。 [练透]　选词填空(a great deal/a great deal of)/完成句子 ①Although David ran a great/good deal slower than the other kids, he made it to the finish line with a determined smile brimming on his face.(动作描写) ②He devoted a great deal of energy to promoting environmental protection activities. ③By participating in our well­organized activities, you will benefit a great deal from them. ④艾米莉对学习外语更加热情，并开始每天练习法语和西班牙语。(情绪描写) Emily was a great/good deal more enthusiastic about learning foreign languages, and she started practicing French and Spanish every day. 句型公式：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级 教材原句：To a person nothing is more precious than their life. 对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了。 表达最高级含义的特殊结构： (1)比较级与否定词连用，表示“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等。 (2)can/could＋never/not＋...＋形容词/副词 [练透]　完成句子 ①对我们来说，没有什么比向身处困境中的人们传递善意更重要的了。(主旨升华) To us, nothing is more important than passing on kindness to those in trouble. ②“我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐了！”妈妈激动地回答道。(情感描写) “I have never had a more delicious breakfast than this one！” the mother responded excitedly. ③和老人说话时，再礼貌也不为过。 When talking with the elderly, you can't be too polite/polite enough． 句型公式：无灵主语句 教材原句：The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. 中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了重要的作用。 (1)see意为“见证；目睹；经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历”了某事。 (2)find，witness，experience，wash等词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的修辞手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更形象。 [练透]　完成句子 ①令我惊讶的是，冈特毫不犹豫地写下他的电话号码并给了我。“只要您遵守承诺，先生。”一股感激之情涌上我的心头。(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷，动作＋心理描写) To my surprise, Gunter wrote down his phone number without hesitation and gave it to me.“Just keep your promise, Sir.” A feeling of gratitude washed over me． ②2025年见证了AI人工智能技术在多个行业的快速发展。 The year 2025 witnessed the rapid development of AI technology in many industries. ③不幸的是，随着经济的发展，近年来海洋受到了严重污染。 Unfortunately, as economy advances, recent years have seen the oceans being polluted seriously． 　熟词生义 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 1．When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.n.(咬下的)一口 2．There is always a chance that the body will reject the transplant.vt.排斥 3．The dog was chained to the leg of one solid garden seat.vt.用锁链拴住 4．When we tear one page from the calendar，it means our life has been shortened by one day.vt.撕掉 5．I think the moral of the story is to let people mind their own behaviors.n.寓意 6．The old man sat by the pond, feeding the fish bread and watching as they lapped at the surface.v.拍打 7．Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board.n.运行；操作 　一词多义 1．faint A．vi.昏倒；晕厥 B．n.昏倒；晕厥　C．adj.微弱的 D．adj.可能性不大的(生义) ①We heard a faint cry for help from the distance, so we immediately called the police. C ②There is still a faint hope that she may be cured. D ③When she heard the bad news about her father, she felt her legs go weak and fainted on the spot. A ④The sudden faint scared her family, so they took her to the hospital for a full check­up. B 2．sharp A．adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的 B．adj.锋利的 C．adj.明显的 D．adj.敏锐的　E．adj.剧烈的 F．adj.急转的(生义)　G．adv.整点地(生义) ①He exposed his sharp teeth, glaring at us as he ran forward. B ②Challenging work might help your brain stay sharp as you age. D ③After running for an hour, she felt a sharp pain in her side, which forced her to stop and rest for a while. E ④She planned to unlock the shop at 8：00 sharp this morning. G ⑤All the footmarks are quite sharp and clear. C ⑥The road ahead has a sharp turn, so drivers need to slow down and be cautious to avoid accidents. F ⑦There has been a sharp rise in temperature since last weekend. A 　破解构词法密码 词缀记忆法　前缀trans­表示“变化”“横跨”； 前缀multi­表示“多个” 规则 典例 前缀 trans­ ①transcontinental adj.横贯大陆的 ②transfat n. 反式脂肪 ③transplant n. 移植(手术)；移栽 v. 移植；移栽 ④transatlantic adj. 跨大西洋的 前缀 multi­ ①functional→multifunctional adj. 多功能的 ②national→multinational adj.跨国的 根据语境猜测句中加黑词的含义 1．(2025·北京卷)Guiding you to develop innovative solutions for real­world challenges and create transformative progress to benefit all communities.adj.变革性的，具有转化作用 2．Bluetooth chips allow mobile phone users to transmit data over short distances to other mobile phones.vt.传输 3．We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools.adj.多媒体的 4．In New York, a multicultural city, students like me are blessed with a chance to work with a diverse population.adj.多元文化的 5．Four years ago they all moved into a three­storey Victorian house in Bristol—one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof.adj.几代人的 6．A waiter's job, for example, that requires multitasking, teamwork and decision­making could be just as stimulating as any high­level office work.n.能同时处理多项事情 Ⅰ.应用文写作提分练—短文投稿(我的2025征文) 3段式：引入某次经历→具体介绍这次经历→说明该经历的意义 用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作并背诵全文。 假定你是李华。你校英语社团公众号正在举行主题为“我的2025”的征文活动，请写一篇文章投稿。在文中，你必须： 1．描述一件你今年亲身经历且让你有所成长的事情； 2．说明这件事对你的意义。 第一步　斟酌词句　靓化表达(黑体部分请用本单元所复习的词汇和句式) 1．今年我经历了许多有助于我个人成长的事情。然而，有一件事尤其让我印象深刻。 I have had numerous experiences this year that have contributed to my personal growth．However, there is one particular event that stands out above the rest. 2．今年早些时候，我参加了学校组织的一个志愿活动。 Earlier this year, I participated in a volunteering program organized by our school． 3．我们去了当地的一家孤儿院，花很多时间陪伴那些缺乏家庭关爱的孩子们。 We visited a local orphanage and spent a great deal of time with the children who lacked love and care of a family． 4．与这些孩子的互动不仅让他们快乐，也说明了同理心和善意的重要性。 Interacting with those children not only brightened their day but also illustrated the importance of empathy and kindness． 5．这次经历改变了我的生活观，让我树立了同理心和善良的价值观。 This experience has been transformative, which has shaped my perspective on life and instilled in me the values of empathy and kindness. 6．我很高兴有这个宝贵的机会让我成长，并用我的善良为他人点亮光明。 I am delighted that I have this precious opportunity to grow as an individual and spark light in others by my kindness. 第二步　恰当过渡　完美成文(请利用恰当的过渡衔接词汇，如therefore) I have had numerous experiences this year that have contributed to my personal growth.However, there is one particular event that stands out above the rest. Earlier this year, I participated in a volunteering program organized by our school.We visited a local orphanage and spent a great deal of time with the children who lacked love and care of a family.Interacting with those children not only brightened their day but also illustrated the importance of empathy and kindness. This experience has been transformative, which has shaped my perspective on life and instilled in me the values of empathy and kindness.Therefore，I am delighted that I have this precious opportunity to grow as an individual and spark light in others by my kindness. Ⅱ.读后续写提升练 Step 1　教材语料 亮词 [情感描写]　dilemma；complain；passive；scared；sharp；in memory of；in tears；in despair；tension [人物描写]　moral；virtue；precious；energetic；pregnant；flexible；appoint；elect；whisper；pass away；assist；replace；principle；chairman 美句 1.As a five­year­old girl，Lin Qiaozhi was deeply affected by her mother's death.At age 18，instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls，she chose to work and study.(人物描写) 2．She was more interested in tending patients，publishing medical research on care for women and children，and training the next generation of doctors.(人物描写) 3．Nothing good can come to a nation whose people only complain and expect others to solve their problems.(哲理感悟) 4．Early one morning，the king disguised himself and went to a local village.He placed a large stone in the middle of the main street and hid gold coins under the stone.Then he hid behind a huge maple tree and watched.(动作描写) 5．The king was in despair.(情感描写) Step 2　续写微场景练(主题：善行助人——求助→被助→治愈→感激→感悟) 根据续写故事情节和黑体部分的提示，利用本单元词汇和句式补全续写场景，并背诵。 　　当第六辆车连停都没停就驶过时，约翰的心绝望地沉了下去。然而，还有一点点希望——他看到了第七辆车。他咬着嘴唇，一瘸一拐地向前走，又挥了挥手。幸运的是，车停下了，司机摇下车窗，问他出了什么事。意识到理约翰的情况后，司机迅速下车，扶理查德上车。约翰泪如泉涌，用微弱的声音由衷道谢。最后，约翰获救并痊愈了。善良有时会迟到，但永远不会缺席。 　　When the sixth car passed without stopping, ①John's heart sank in despair．However, ②a faint hope remained—he saw the seventh car.③Biting his lip, he limped forward and waved his hands again.the car stopped and the driver rolled down the window, asking him what After realizing Richard's situation, the driver quickly got off，and helped Richard to the car (动作链).④John was in floods of tears, and extended his heartfelt gratitude in a weak voice.Finally, John got rescued and cured.Kindness will be late sometimes, but never miss. 佳句仿写(铺灰部分)：明亮的阳光已取代了乌黑的暴风雨的天空，他们在明亮的阳光下眨了眨眼，意识到善举真的重要。 ⑤They blinked in the bright sunlight that had replaced the dark, stormy sky, realizing it was the act of kindness that really counted． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $