Unit 3 Food and Culture知识背诵清单-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

该高中英语知识清单围绕“Food and Culture”单元，系统梳理46个核心词汇及10个重难点词汇用法。从基础词汇的词性、释义、搭配到重难点词汇的深层用法、语境应用，构建从认知到运用的学习支架。 知识链路按“词汇梳理—重难点深化”逻辑展开，词汇标注近义词、搭配及例句，重难点结合语境辨析用法。融合语言能力（词汇应用）、文化意识（饮食文化词汇）、思维品质（对比辨析），通过例句和运用题帮助学生建立知识框架，提升综合语言运用能力。

Unit 3 Food and Culture Step 1 词汇梳理 1.cuisine n.｜C］＆｜U］烹调法；烹饪；菜肴 2. prior adj.［正式用语］［只用于名词前］先前的；早前的 在...之前的：prior to 来中国之前，我只在美国接触过中式烹饪。 Prior to coming to China，my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America n. 优先考虑的事: priority 优先考虑；给...优先权：give priority to 3. pepper n ［C］ 胡椒；甜椒；灯笼椒；［U］胡椒粉 4. recipe n｜C］食谱；秘诀： 5.bold n. ［U］ 黑体；粗体： Highlight the important words in bold.用粗体字突出重要的词语。 大胆的举动／想法a bold action／idea 6.chef ［C］主厨；厨师；厨师长 7.peppercorn n ［C］ 胡椒粒 8.vinegar n［U］醋 9.onion [C]＆｜U］ 洋葱；葱头 10. lamb｜C］ 羔羊；小羊；［U］ 羔羊肉 lamb kebabs 烤羊肉串 11.elegant adj优雅的；雅致的；精美的 n［U］优雅；优美: elegance 12.dim sum U］ 点心（中国食品） 13.exceptional 杰出的;罕见的；特别的：(同义词：outstanding; remarkable,unusual) 极其；非常 Adv. exceptionally 例外；除外 n. exception 无例外地 without exception 除...之外 with the exception of 非凡的才能/勇气exceptional talent/bravery 在特殊情况下in exceptional cases/circumstances 14.temper n ［C］ ＆ ［U］ 脾气；心情： 【搭配】(1)发／控制脾气: lose／control one’s temper (2)勃然大怒: get/fly into a temper(思考：其他表达方式) 15.vegetarian［C］ 素食者 16.Junk n ［U］ 无用的东西 （rubbish，garbage）；垃圾食品（junk food） 17.garlic［U］大蒜；蒜 18.bacon［U］咸肉；熏肉；培根 19.ham n ［C］ ＆ ［U］ 火腿 20.Sausage n［C］＆［U］ 香肠；腊肠 21.cabbage［C］ ＆［U］ 卷心菜；洋白菜 22.bean curd［U］豆腐 23.brand n.①品牌；牌子： a brand name 商标 ②类型： 某种类型的幽默a brand of humor V. to describe sb as being sth bad or unpleasant,especially unfairly：（尤指不公正地）丑化(某人)，败坏某人的名声 24.olive［C］油橄榄；橄榄树 25.fig［C］无花果 26.ingredient ①（烹饪用的）材料；成分：fresh／basic ingredients 新鲜食材／基本配料 ②（完成某事的）要素；因素：(factor,element)基本要素：essential ingredient 27.haggis n.羊杂碎肚 28.Canteen 食堂；餐厅 29. Cafeteria 自助餐厅；自助食堂 30.bun／bʌn／n｜C］圆面包；小圆甜饼 31.Chilli 辣椒 32.pork n［U］猪肉： braise v.炖，蒸 red braised pork 红烧肉 33.pearl n｜C］ 珍珠 a pearl of wisdom 妙语如珠 34.somewhat adv稍微；有点 (近义词组：slightly, sort/kind of) 情况有所改善。The situation has improved somewhat. 35.madam n［正式用语］［对妇女的尊称］女士；夫人 36.calorie／kæləri／n｜C］卡路里（食物的热量单位） 37.category n ［C］ 种类；类别；范畴：(近义词：class,kind) v.分类：categorize 文学可分为两大类： 小说和纪实文学。 Literature can be divided into two main categories： fiction and non-fiction. 38.vitamin［C］维生素 39.fibre［C］＆［U］ 纤维；纤维制品；纤维素： 40.dairy n 乳制品；乳品店；牛奶厂 adj奶制的；乳品（业）的 41.moderation n［U］ 适度；合理 →适度的，中等的adj. moderate→adv. moderately 42.ideal adj理想的；完美的→绝好机会：ideal opportunity→n［C］理想;想象中的人／事物： Ideals are like the stars - we never reach them，but like sailors，we chart our course by them. 理想犹如天上的星星，我们虽不能触及，却可以像水手一样靠它们调整航向。 43.fundamental adj基础的；根本的；十分重大的： 是...的基础；对...至关重要 be fundamental to...(意思相近词：vital,crucial) 【运用】新鲜空气对健康来说是不可缺少的。Fresh air is fundamental to good health. n［C］［常用复数］基本规律／原理；根本法则；基础： the fundamentals of mathematics数学基本原理 44.chew vt＆vi咀嚼；嚼碎；咬住：n［C］咀嚼chew sth over 深思熟虑；仔细考虑 【运用】Rose chewed (on) her lip and stared at the floor.罗斯咬着嘴唇，眼睛盯着地板。 45.consistent adj（人、言行、文章等）前后一致的；始终如一的；连续的 adv.一致地；始终如一地 consistently 【搭配】与某物相一致；与某物相吻合：be consistent with sth. 【运用】(1)Remember，even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis. 记住，即使是世界冠军运动员也要一直练习他们的技能。 (2)证人在法庭上说的话和警方的陈述不一致。 What the witness said in court was not consistent with the statement he made to the police. 46.modest adj.谦虚的；谦逊的; 些许的；不太大的；不太贵的;庄重的；朴素的→modest price适中的价格 47.overall adj.［只用于名词前］全部的；全面的 adv 总共；［句子副词］总的说来 Step2 重难点 1. consist 【搭配】→ Adj. consistent → 与...一致 be consistent with → 在...方面一致 be consistent in (1)consist of由...构成；由...组成：(同义短语：be made up of, be composed of ; be comprised of) 生活不仅有阳光，还有风雨。Life consists of not only sunshine but also storms． (2)consist in［正式用语］在于；存在于：(=lie in)Happiness consists in contentment.知足常乐。 (3) consist with 与...一致 【运用】他言行一致，因此我们对他评价很高。 His action consists with his words, so all of us think highly of him. 2.stuff n［U］东西；物品： vt把....填（满）；给......填馅： 【搭配】(1)用...装（填，塞）满 stuff...with... (2)被...填满 be stuffed with (3)把...装入 stuff....into (4)塞住，堵上 stuff...up 【运用】(1)The buses are already stuffed with passengers during the rush hour. (2)With his ears stuffed(stuff) with cotton wool, he felt that his sense of hearing had suddenly failed. (3)The high school student handed in the bag stuffed(stuff)with money to the policeman. (4)Please don't stuff worthless food into my children ;I'd like to control what they eat. 3.slice n[C] 【搭配】(1)薄片；切片：(2)份；部分：a slice of bread／ham一片面包／火腿 vt把······切成（薄）片：切，割，划 切下 slice off 【运用】Her speech sliced through all the confusion surrounding the situation. 她的话把整个事态的一切纷扰剖析得清清楚楚。 4.minimum 反义 maximum 【搭配】(1)n.（pl minima／minimums）最低限度；最小量： ①处于最小限度:be at a/the minimum ②把...减少到最小/最低reduce/bring ...to a minimum (2) Adj.［只用于名词前］最低的；最小的；最少的： ① 最低要求 minimum requirements ② 以最低的成本at the minimum cost 5.consume →n.消费者 consumer→n.消费 consumption 【搭配】(1)吃；喝：消耗；耗费；消费： Lighting accounts for about 7％ of the total electricity consumed in the US． 照明用电约占美国总耗电量的7％。 (2)to fill sb with a strong feeling使充满（强烈的感情） 使着迷；使全神贯注；被...吞噬 be consumed by/with 【运用】(1)事发后，他深感内疚。He was consumed with guilt after the accident (2)在冬天，燃料消耗量急剧上升。 In winter, there is a dramatic rise in fuel consumption. 6.stable adj. 稳定的（近义词：steady）；稳重的 n. 马厩 →反义词：unstable→n.稳固性 stability[U] 【搭配】政治/社会/经济稳定 political/social/economical stability 【运用】我认识的人中，大概他最稳重。He is about the most stable person I know. 7.association n.协会；社团；关联；联系；联想；交往 【搭配】(1)与...联合/合作in association with.....(2)与...(没)有联have (no) association with....... 【运用】(1)我们正联合一家当地的公司，为无家可归的人筹款。 We are working in association with a local company to raise money for the homeless. (2)被动吸烟和癌症之间被证实有关系。 There is a proven association between passive smoking and cancer. V. associate vt.联系，联想；vi交往 →n. [C]同事(近义词：colleague)；生意伙伴→adj.副的 an associate editor 副主编 【搭配】(1)把...与...联系起来associate ....with.....(2)与...有关联;与...共存 be associated with (3)与某人交往 associate with sb. 【运用】(1)我们往往把新鲜空气和身体保健联系在一起。 We tend to associate fresh air with health care. (2)野生动物数量的减少与环境污染有关。 The decrease of the number of wild animals is associated with environmental pollution. 8.regardless adv不顾；不加理会 regard （注意、关心） ＋ -less （＋-less（没有、无） 【搭配】(1)regardless of 不管；不顾：(2)不管种族，宗教，性别regardless of race,religion/sex (3)表示尽管的词或短语： despite/in spite of 【运用】她决心不管未来如何，都要过充实的生活。 She is determined to live a fulfilling life regardless of what the future holds. 9.quantity n.[C,U]数量；大量；数目; [U]量 （易混：质量 quality) 【搭配】(1)许多的，大量的 a quantity of, quantities of (后加可数名词复数及不可数) (2)大量地 in quantity/in large quantities 【运用】(1)每年都有大量的土壤被雨水冲走。 A large quantity of soil was washed away by rain every year. (2)他们大量收购棉花。They buy cotton in quantity. 10.trick adj.狡猾的；棘手的 tricky 棘手的问题/形式 tricky problem/situation 【搭配】(1)n[C]诡计；花招；恶作剧;戏法；把戏;诀窍 ①捉弄某人 play a trick/tricks on②表演魔术 perform magic tricks ③do the trick［非正式用语］奏效；起作用；达到目的： 这种药应该能起作用，你很快就会感觉好一些了。 The medicine ought to do the trick, and you’ll feel better in no time. (2) vt欺骗；哄骗： ①欺骗某人做某事trick sb into doing②骗取某人某物 trick sb out of sth ③表示欺骗某人cheat/fool sb into doing sth④骗取某人某物cheat sb (out of) sth 【运用】广告商可能试图哄骗顾客购买产品或服务。 An advertiser might be trying to trick customers into buying a product or a service. 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $