Unit 4 Interests and Abilities(知识清单)英语新教材北师大版七年级上册

2026-09-03
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摘要:

该初中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了“Interests and Abilities”主题内容,涵盖主题词汇、实用短语、交际句型、核心语法及写作应用五大知识范畴,按“基础积累—功能句型—语法规则—综合输出”分模块搭建学习支架。 清单通过“词汇音标+搭配例句”“语法用法+对比分析”“写作框架+素材库”的方式呈现知识体系,如“ability”标注“have the ability to do”搭配及例句夯实语言能力,对比“can”与“be able to”用法差异培养思维品质,写作提供“性格-技能-志愿服务”框架支持学习能力。特别设计“易混词对比”(如“win”与“beat”)和“范文模板”,助力学生高效掌握,教师可直接用于课堂教学或分层辅导。

内容正文:

Unit 4 Interests and Abilities 主 题 词 汇 1. /ˈɪntrəst/ n.兴趣;爱好 搭配take an interest in(对……感兴趣) He has a great interest in science.(他对科学有浓厚兴趣) 2. /ˈhɒbi/ n.业余爱好 复数hobbies,搭配ones hobby(某人的爱好)、develop a hobby(培养爱好) Painting is my favourite hobby.(画画是我最喜欢的爱好) 3. /əˈbɪləti/ n. 能力;才能 搭配have the ability to do(有做……的能力) She has the ability to sing well.(她有唱歌的天赋) 4. /skɪl/n.技能;技巧 搭配learn a skill(学习一项技能)、practical skills(实用技能) 例:He is good at computer skills.(他擅长电脑技能) 5. /ˈtælənt/ n.天赋;才能 搭配have a talent for(有……的天赋) He has a talent for music.(他有音乐天赋) 6. /ˈefət/n.努力;气力 搭配put in effort(付出努力)、make an effort(努力) Success needs hard work and effort.(成功需要努力和付出) 7. /ˌdɪsəˈbɪləti/n.缺陷;障碍 搭配overcome a disability(克服障碍) He never gives up because of his disability.(他从未因残疾而放弃) 8. /ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/ adj. 精力充沛的 搭配an energetic boy(精力充沛的男孩) Swimming makes me energetic.(游泳让我精力充沛) 9. /rɪˈlækst/adj. 放松的 搭配feel relaxed(感到放松) Reading helps me feel relaxed.(阅读让我感到放松) 10. /ˈkjʊəriəs/adj.好奇的 搭配be curious about(对……好奇) She is curious about space.(她对太空充满好奇) 11. /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/adj.令人惊奇的 搭配an amazing ability(惊人的能力) He has an amazing voice.(他有一副惊人的嗓音) 12. /ˈpeɪʃnt/adj.有耐心的 搭配be patient with(对……有耐心) She is patient when teaching kids.(她教孩子时很有耐心) 13. /kriˈeɪtɪv/ adj.有创造力的 搭配a creative idea(有创意的想法) He is a creative artist.(他是一名有创造力的艺术家) 14. /mjuˈzɪʃn/ n.音乐家 搭配a famous musician(著名音乐家) Her dream is to be a musician.(她的梦想是成为一名音乐家) 15. /ˈsaɪəntɪst/n.科学家 搭配a great scientist(伟大的科学家) He wants to be a scientist and study nature.(他想成为科学家研究自然) 短 语 1. 对……感兴趣 She is interested in playing the piano.(她对弹钢琴感兴趣) 2. 痴迷于……;热衷于…… He is crazy about playing basketball.(他痴迷于打篮球) 3. 有……的能力 She has the ability to speak two languages.(她有说两种语言的能力) 4. 加入俱乐部 I want to join the Science Club because I like experiments.(我想加入科学俱乐部,因为我喜欢做实验) 5. 付出努力 You need to put in more effort to learn English well.(你需要付出更多努力学好英语) 6. 梦想;渴望 He dreams of becoming a pilot.(他梦想成为一名飞行员) 7. 弹钢琴/吉他 She can play the guitar very well.(她吉他弹得很好) 8. 做实验 We do experiments in the science lab every week.(我们每周在科学实验室做实验) 9. 参加;参与 He takes part in the school singing competition.(他参加学校的歌唱比赛) 10. 相信自己 To achieve your dream, you must believe in yourself.(要实现梦想,你必须相信自己) 11. 把……变成 He wants to turn his hobby into a job.(他想把爱好变成工作) 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 1.介绍兴趣:My hobby is + 名词 / I like + doing sth 我的爱好是…… / 我喜欢做…… My hobby is . I like books.(我的爱好是画画。/ 我喜欢读书) 直接表达个人兴趣,简洁明了 2.描述梦想职业:I want to be a/an + 职业名词 我想成为一名…… I want a doctor in the future.(我将来想成为一名医生) 职业名词前用适当冠词 a/an 3.俱乐部申请:I want to apply to join + 俱乐部名称. I can + 相关能力 我想申请加入……俱乐部,我能…… I want to the Dancing Club. I can dance well.(我想申请加入舞蹈俱乐部,我舞跳得很好) 4.冠词用法:a/an + 单数可数名词(泛指) / the + 名词(特指) 一个…… / 那个/这个…… I have a dog. is very cute.(我有一只狗,这只狗很可爱) 语法 Can(能力表达)+ 冠词(a/an/the) 写作 兴趣和能力 一、知识点精讲 1.crazy 意为“疯狂的;着迷的” 常用搭配“be crazy about sth./doing sth.”(对……狂热;着迷于……)。 She is crazy pop music.(她痴迷于流行音乐。) He is crazy about basketball.(他热衷于打篮球。) 2.science意为“科学” 相关词汇“scientist(科学家)”“scientific(科学的)”。 例句:He wants to study at university.(他想在大学里学习科学。) Einstein was a great .(爱因斯坦是一位伟大的科学家。) 3.ability意为“能力” 常用搭配“have the ability to do sth.”(有做某事的能力) 反义词为“inability(无能)”。 例句:She has the to speak three languages.(她有说三种语言的能力。) 拓展:形容词形式为“able(有能力的)” 常用结构“be able to do sth.(能做某事)” 与“can”的区别在于 “be able to”可用于各种时态, “can”只有现在式和过去式(could)。 例句:She is to finish the work on time.(她能按时完成工作。) He swim when he was five.(他五岁时就会游泳了。) 4.hope意为“希望” 用法(动词): “hope to do sth.”(希望做某事) “hope + 宾语从句”(希望……) 注意:不能用于“hope sb. to do sth.”结构。 例句:I hope visit Paris one day.(我希望有一天能参观巴黎。) We that our team will win.(我们希望我们队能赢。) 拓展:名词形式仍为“hope” 常用短语“in the hope of(抱着……的希望)”“lose hope(失去希望)”。 5.creative“有创造力的;创新的” 名词形式为“creation(创造)” 动词形式为“create(创造)”。 She is a artist.(她是一位有创造力的艺术家。) This job requires thinking.(这份工作需要创新思维。) 6.winner“获胜者” 拓展:动词形式为“win(赢得)”, 注意与“beat(打败)”的区别: “win”后接比赛、奖品等, “beat”后接对手。 例句:He is the of the singing competition.(他是歌唱比赛的获胜者。) We the game yesterday.(我们昨天赢得了比赛。) She all her opponents.(她打败了所有对手。) 7.interested意为“感兴趣的” 常用搭配“be interested in sth./doing sth.”(对……感兴趣),主语通常是人。 相关词汇“interesting(有趣的,修饰物)” “interest(名词,兴趣;动词,使感兴趣)”。 例句:I'm interested history.(我对历史感兴趣。) This is an story.(这是一个有趣的故事。) 8.He is crazy about painting.他醉心绘画。 用法:“be crazy about”强调对某事物的极度热爱,此处“painting”为动名词作宾语 9.I'm curious about many things, especially nature, planets and AI.我对许多事物都感到好奇,尤其是大自然、行星和人工智能。 用法:“be curious about”表示“对……好奇”, “especially”用于强调所列举的内容,使表达更具体。 例句:She is curious about foreign cultures, especially Japanese culture.(她对外国文化好奇,尤其是日本文化。) 10."I just have to put in more effort,”he says.他说:“我只是必须付出更多努力。” 用法:“put in effort”表示“付出努力” “have to”强调客观上的“必须” 拓展:同义短语“make more efforts” “work harder”。 二、核心语法精讲 一.情态动词can   情态动词can不能单独作谓语,必须与实义动词一起构成谓语,没有人称和数的变化。can的否定形式为can't或cannot。 一. 基本用法 (1)表示"能,会",指脑力或体力方面的能力。 Bill can swim but I can't. 比尔会游泳,但我不会。 (2)表示"可以",常用于口语中,指请求允许或许可做某事。 Can I take you home? 我送你回家好吗? You can take the car, if you want.如果想用那辆小汽车,你就尽管用吧。 (3)表示"可能",常用于否定句中,表示"某事肯定不真实"。 That can't be Mary — she's in New York.那不可能是玛丽——她在纽约呢。 二. 基本句式 (1)肯定句:主语+can+动词原形(+其他). Paul can play basketball. 保罗会打篮球。 (2)否定句:主语+can't+动词原形(+其他). I can't ride a bike. 我不会骑自行车。 (3)一般疑问句:Can+主语+动词原形(+其他)? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语+can. 否定回答:No, 主语+can't. —Can you swim? 你会游泳吗? —Yes, I can./No, I can't. 是的,我会。/不,我不会。 (4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形(+其他)? —What can you see in the picture? 你能在这幅画中看到什么? —I can see many beautiful flowers. 我能看到许多美丽的花。 二.冠词 一.不定冠词   a和an是不定冠词。a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。具体用法如下: (1)用在单数可数名词前泛指"某一个"。 There is a policeman at the door. 门口有一个警察。 (2)用于第一次出现的单数可数名词之前。 There is a box in the room. The box is heavy. 房间里有一个箱子。这个箱子很重。 (3)用于某些固定短语中。have a try试一下have a good time 玩得愉快 二.定冠词the (1)表示某个或某些特定的人或物。Give the book to me. 把这本书给我。 (2)用于上文提到过的人或物之前。It's a cup. The cup is blue. 它是一个杯子。这个杯子是蓝色的。 (3)用于某些形容词前,表示一类人。the rich 富人 (4)用于指说话双方都知道的人或物。 Please close the door. 请把门关上。 (5)用于表示地球、宇宙中独一无二的事物。the sun太阳 the earth地球 (6)用于序数词前表示顺序。 the third group 第三组 (7)用在"play+the+乐器类名词"结构中。play the piano弹钢琴play the violin拉小提琴 (8)与姓氏的复数形式连用,表示"……一家人"。The Blacks are in China. 布莱克一家人在中国。 三.不用冠词的情况 (1)play与球类、棋类名词连用时,名词前不使用冠词。play football 踢足球 play chess下国际象棋 (2)在表示一日三餐的名词前不用冠词。have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭 (3)在日期、节日、季节等名词前不用冠词。Children's Day 儿童节 注意:谈论具体的季节、日期和中国传统节日时常用定冠词。the Spring Festival 春节 (4)在一些固定搭配中。 by car坐汽车 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元的话题是“兴趣和能力”,写作任务是写一篇关于兴趣爱好和个人能力的文章。常见的写作维度有:①介绍你的兴趣爱好;②介绍你的个人技能。   该话题对应的文段表达的体裁以应用文(书信、电子邮件等)和说明文为主。在写应用文时要注意相应的写作格式。 2. 写作框架 根据所给的中文和英文提示,完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出真实的校名和姓名。 假如你是李华,你校下周将开展校园艺术节活动。目前,英语社团正为此活动招募负责宣传讲解、引导参观等工作的志愿者。请你用英语写一封自荐信,向社团展示你的独特优势,包含性格特征、兴趣技能以及你能为艺术节做的志愿服务。 提示词语:friendly, paint, be good at talking with people 提示问题:•What kind of personality have you got? •What interests and skills have you got? •What can you do at the School Arts Festival? Dear Teacher, Hi, I'm Li Hua, a student from Grade 7. I want to apply as a volunteer for the School Arts Festival. Yours, Li Hua 3. 写作素材 (1)get along with sb. 与某人和睦相处  (2)be interested in对……感兴趣  (3)be good at擅长  (4)join参加  (5)help do sth. 帮助做某事  (6)make a difference有影响,起作用  (7)consider仔细考虑 (8)reduce stress减少压力  (9)dream of doing sth. 梦想做某事 (10)succeed in成功  (11)step by step一步一步地,逐步地  (12)Books can open your mind and make you think.书可以让你的思想开阔,让你思考。  (13)When you have a hobby, it helps you get skills and knowledge.当你有爱好时,它会帮助你获得技能和知识。 4. 范文背诵 Dear Teacher,   Hi, I'm Li Hua, a student from Grade 7. I want to apply as a volunteer for the School Arts Festival.   I believe my skills and enthusiasm will make a difference. I hope you can consider me. Yours, Li Hua 一.单词拼写 1.While walking in the mountains, this young _________ (艺术家) collected many beautiful leaves. 2.A woman with a good ________ (声音) gives a show in the centre of the town. 3.Where are my ________ (钥匙)? I can’t find them. 4.It’s ________ (令人惊喜的) to receive such a big gift. 5.Hi, Jack! Do you want to ________ (加入) us? 6.It’s the first thing you see as you come around the corner. You can’t ________ (错过) it. 7.To go to a formal event, you should ________ (选择) some nice clothes. 8.When we meet new classmates, we should ________ ourselves clearly. (介绍) 9.It is our duty to love, respect and protect ________ (自然). 10.The boy is ________ (感兴趣) in collecting plants and insects. 二.正确形式填空 1.I can do it if I work ________ (careful). 2.She is a ________ (create) girl and thinks of new ideas. 3.Leonardo da Vinci is famous for his ________ (invent). 4.I need to gain lots of ________ (know) about animals. 5.He works very ________ (real) hard to achieve his dream. 6.We should learn to help ________ (blind) people cross the street. 7.I’m ________ (able) to solve this problem alone. Can you help me? 8.________ (take) care of pets is a good way to learn responsibility. 9.People with ________ (disable) need more care from society. 10.She is an ________ (ability) girl who can play the piano very well. 三.完成句子 1.体育是你最喜欢的学校活动吗? ________ PE your ________ school activity? 2.我相信我可以成为一名优秀的志愿者。 I ________ I can be a good ________. 3.你可以参加比赛。 You can ________ ________ in races. 4.我对绘画和拉二胡感兴趣。 I’m ________ in painting and ________ the erhu. 5.我擅长画画。 I ________ ________ ________ drawing. 四.选词填空 A 阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。请将答案写在下面题号后的横线上。每空限填一词。每词限用一次。 season    strong    wind    they    and    fly    child    top    ski    for Fangfang is my classmate. She likes exercise because it’s good 1 her. It can make her 2 and healthy. But she loves different activities in different 3 . In spring, the weather is usually fine. When it is 4 , she loves flying kites with her father. Her father 5 them very well. When it’s warm, she goes to the park to watch flowers. Summer is a good time for her to go swimming. So she often goes to the seaside (海边) with her parents. There are many parents and 6 enjoying swimming. Playing in the water brings 7 a lot of fun. When it’s sunny, the water looks clean, 8 they can even see fish in the water. In autumn, she likes climbing mountains. On 9 of the mountains, she can see the beautiful nature above. In winter, she likes 10 and skating (滑冰) . When it snows, she also loves making a snowman with her family. It’s a little cold, but she feels happy. B 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。 book   have   happy   and   what   too   draw   she   how   at   music   but Selena is a student in Grade 7. She’s always busy on the weekend. 1 does she do? On Saturday morning, Selena goes to the art club. She can 2 well. There are a lot of nice pictures in her room. She often gives them to 3 friends as gifts. In the afternoon, she goes to the 4 club. She can’t play any musical instruments, 5 she can sing well. She always 6 a good time there. On Sunday morning, Selena goes to the old people’s home. She usually reads 7 and newspapers for the old. She tells her school life to them, 8 . She always makes the old people 9 . On Sunday afternoon, Selena does her homework 10 home. Selena’s weekend is really busy but colorful! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Interests and Abilities 主 题 词 汇 1.interest /ˈɪntrəst/ n.兴趣;爱好 搭配take an interest in(对……感兴趣) He has a great interest in science.(他对科学有浓厚兴趣) 2.hobby/ˈhɒbi/ n.业余爱好 复数hobbies,搭配ones hobby(某人的爱好)、develop a hobby(培养爱好) Painting is my favourite hobby.(画画是我最喜欢的爱好) 3.ability/əˈbɪləti/ n. 能力;才能 搭配have the ability to do(有做……的能力) She has the ability to sing well.(她有唱歌的天赋) 4.skill/skɪl/n.技能;技巧 搭配learn a skill(学习一项技能)、practical skills(实用技能) 例:He is good at computer skills.(他擅长电脑技能) 5.talent/ˈtælənt/ n.天赋;才能 搭配have a talent for(有……的天赋) He has a talent for music.(他有音乐天赋) 6.effort/ˈefət/n.努力;气力 搭配put in effort(付出努力)、make an effort(努力) Success needs hard work and effort.(成功需要努力和付出) 7.disability/ˌdɪsəˈbɪləti/n.缺陷;障碍 搭配overcome a disability(克服障碍) He never gives up because of his disability.(他从未因残疾而放弃) 8.energetic/ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/ adj. 精力充沛的 搭配an energetic boy(精力充沛的男孩) Swimming makes me energetic.(游泳让我精力充沛) 9.relaxed/rɪˈlækst/adj. 放松的 搭配feel relaxed(感到放松) Reading helps me feel relaxed.(阅读让我感到放松) 10.curious/ˈkjʊəriəs/adj.好奇的 搭配be curious about(对……好奇) She is curious about space.(她对太空充满好奇) 11.amazing/əˈmeɪzɪŋ/adj.令人惊奇的 搭配an amazing ability(惊人的能力) He has an amazing voice.(他有一副惊人的嗓音) 12.patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/adj.有耐心的 搭配be patient with(对……有耐心) She is patient when teaching kids.(她教孩子时很有耐心) 13.creative/kriˈeɪtɪv/ adj.有创造力的 搭配a creative idea(有创意的想法) He is a creative artist.(他是一名有创造力的艺术家) 14.musician/mjuˈzɪʃn/ n.音乐家 搭配a famous musician(著名音乐家) Her dream is to be a musician.(她的梦想是成为一名音乐家) 15.scientist/ˈsaɪəntɪst/n.科学家 搭配a great scientist(伟大的科学家) He wants to be a scientist and study nature.(他想成为科学家研究自然) 短 语 1.be interested in 对……感兴趣 She is interested in playing the piano.(她对弹钢琴感兴趣) 2.be crazy about 痴迷于……;热衷于…… He is crazy about playing basketball.(他痴迷于打篮球) 3.have the ability to 有……的能力 She has the ability to speak two languages.(她有说两种语言的能力) 4.join a club 加入俱乐部 I want to join the Science Club because I like experiments.(我想加入科学俱乐部,因为我喜欢做实验) 5.put in effort 付出努力 You need to put in more effort to learn English well.(你需要付出更多努力学好英语) 6.dream of梦想;渴望 He dreams of becoming a pilot.(他梦想成为一名飞行员) 7.play the piano/guitar 弹钢琴/吉他 She can play the guitar very well.(她吉他弹得很好) 8.do experiments 做实验 We do experiments in the science lab every week.(我们每周在科学实验室做实验) 9.take part in 参加;参与 He takes part in the school singing competition.(他参加学校的歌唱比赛) 10.believe in oneself 相信自己 To achieve your dream, you must believe in yourself.(要实现梦想,你必须相信自己) 11.turn...into 把……变成 He wants to turn his hobby into a job.(他想把爱好变成工作) 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 1.介绍兴趣:My hobby is + 名词 / I like + doing sth 我的爱好是…… / 我喜欢做…… My hobby is painting. I like reading books.(我的爱好是画画。/ 我喜欢读书) 直接表达个人兴趣,简洁明了 2.描述梦想职业:I want to be a/an + 职业名词 我想成为一名…… I want to be a doctor in the future.(我将来想成为一名医生) 职业名词前用适当冠词 a/an 3.俱乐部申请:I want to apply to join + 俱乐部名称. I can + 相关能力 我想申请加入……俱乐部,我能…… I want to apply to join the Dancing Club. I can dance well.(我想申请加入舞蹈俱乐部,我舞跳得很好) 4.冠词用法:a/an + 单数可数名词(泛指) / the + 名词(特指) 一个…… / 那个/这个…… I have a dog. The dog is very cute.(我有一只狗,这只狗很可爱) 语法 Can(能力表达)+ 冠词(a/an/the) 写作 兴趣和能力 一、知识点精讲 1.crazy 意为“疯狂的;着迷的” 常用搭配“be crazy about sth./doing sth.”(对……狂热;着迷于……)。 She is crazy about pop music.(她痴迷于流行音乐。) He is crazy about playing basketball.(他热衷于打篮球。) 2.science意为“科学” 相关词汇“scientist(科学家)”“scientific(科学的)”。 例句:He wants to study science at university.(他想在大学里学习科学。) Einstein was a great scientist.(爱因斯坦是一位伟大的科学家。) 3.ability意为“能力” 常用搭配“have the ability to do sth.”(有做某事的能力) 反义词为“inability(无能)”。 例句:She has the ability to speak three languages.(她有说三种语言的能力。) 拓展:形容词形式为“able(有能力的)” 常用结构“be able to do sth.(能做某事)” 与“can”的区别在于 “be able to”可用于各种时态, “can”只有现在式和过去式(could)。 例句:She is able to finish the work on time.(她能按时完成工作。) He could swim when he was five.(他五岁时就会游泳了。) 4.hope意为“希望” 用法(动词): “hope to do sth.”(希望做某事) “hope + 宾语从句”(希望……) 注意:不能用于“hope sb. to do sth.”结构。 例句:I hope to visit Paris one day.(我希望有一天能参观巴黎。) We hope that our team will win.(我们希望我们队能赢。) 拓展:名词形式仍为“hope” 常用短语“in the hope of(抱着……的希望)”“lose hope(失去希望)”。 5.creative“有创造力的;创新的” 名词形式为“creation(创造)” 动词形式为“create(创造)”。 She is a creative artist.(她是一位有创造力的艺术家。) This job requires creative thinking.(这份工作需要创新思维。) 6.winner“获胜者” 拓展:动词形式为“win(赢得)”, 注意与“beat(打败)”的区别: “win”后接比赛、奖品等, “beat”后接对手。 例句:He is the winner of the singing competition.(他是歌唱比赛的获胜者。) We won the game yesterday.(我们昨天赢得了比赛。) She beat all her opponents.(她打败了所有对手。) 7.interested意为“感兴趣的” 常用搭配“be interested in sth./doing sth.”(对……感兴趣),主语通常是人。 相关词汇“interesting(有趣的,修饰物)” “interest(名词,兴趣;动词,使感兴趣)”。 例句:I'm interested in history.(我对历史感兴趣。) This is an interesting story.(这是一个有趣的故事。) 8.He is crazy about painting.他醉心绘画。 用法:“be crazy about”强调对某事物的极度热爱,此处“painting”为动名词作宾语 9.I'm curious about many things, especially nature, planets and AI.我对许多事物都感到好奇,尤其是大自然、行星和人工智能。 用法:“be curious about”表示“对……好奇”, “especially”用于强调所列举的内容,使表达更具体。 例句:She is curious about foreign cultures, especially Japanese culture.(她对外国文化好奇,尤其是日本文化。) 10."I just have to put in more effort,”he says.他说:“我只是必须付出更多努力。” 用法:“put in effort”表示“付出努力” “have to”强调客观上的“必须” 拓展:同义短语“make more efforts” “work harder”。 二、核心语法精讲 一.情态动词can   情态动词can不能单独作谓语,必须与实义动词一起构成谓语,没有人称和数的变化。can的否定形式为can't或cannot。 一. 基本用法 (1)表示"能,会",指脑力或体力方面的能力。 Bill can swim but I can't. 比尔会游泳,但我不会。 (2)表示"可以",常用于口语中,指请求允许或许可做某事。 Can I take you home? 我送你回家好吗? You can take the car, if you want.如果想用那辆小汽车,你就尽管用吧。 (3)表示"可能",常用于否定句中,表示"某事肯定不真实"。 That can't be Mary — she's in New York.那不可能是玛丽——她在纽约呢。 二. 基本句式 (1)肯定句:主语+can+动词原形(+其他). Paul can play basketball. 保罗会打篮球。 (2)否定句:主语+can't+动词原形(+其他). I can't ride a bike. 我不会骑自行车。 (3)一般疑问句:Can+主语+动词原形(+其他)? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语+can. 否定回答:No, 主语+can't. —Can you swim? 你会游泳吗? —Yes, I can./No, I can't. 是的,我会。/不,我不会。 (4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形(+其他)? —What can you see in the picture? 你能在这幅画中看到什么? —I can see many beautiful flowers. 我能看到许多美丽的花。 二.冠词 一.不定冠词   a和an是不定冠词。a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。具体用法如下: (1)用在单数可数名词前泛指"某一个"。 There is a policeman at the door. 门口有一个警察。 (2)用于第一次出现的单数可数名词之前。 There is a box in the room. The box is heavy. 房间里有一个箱子。这个箱子很重。 (3)用于某些固定短语中。have a try试一下have a good time 玩得愉快 二.定冠词the (1)表示某个或某些特定的人或物。Give the book to me. 把这本书给我。 (2)用于上文提到过的人或物之前。It's a cup. The cup is blue. 它是一个杯子。这个杯子是蓝色的。 (3)用于某些形容词前,表示一类人。the rich 富人 (4)用于指说话双方都知道的人或物。 Please close the door. 请把门关上。 (5)用于表示地球、宇宙中独一无二的事物。the sun太阳 the earth地球 (6)用于序数词前表示顺序。 the third group 第三组 (7)用在"play+the+乐器类名词"结构中。play the piano弹钢琴play the violin拉小提琴 (8)与姓氏的复数形式连用,表示"……一家人"。The Blacks are in China. 布莱克一家人在中国。 三.不用冠词的情况 (1)play与球类、棋类名词连用时,名词前不使用冠词。play football 踢足球 play chess下国际象棋 (2)在表示一日三餐的名词前不用冠词。have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭 (3)在日期、节日、季节等名词前不用冠词。Children's Day 儿童节 注意:谈论具体的季节、日期和中国传统节日时常用定冠词。the Spring Festival 春节 (4)在一些固定搭配中。 by car坐汽车 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元的话题是“兴趣和能力”,写作任务是写一篇关于兴趣爱好和个人能力的文章。常见的写作维度有:①介绍你的兴趣爱好;②介绍你的个人技能。   该话题对应的文段表达的体裁以应用文(书信、电子邮件等)和说明文为主。在写应用文时要注意相应的写作格式。 2. 写作框架 根据所给的中文和英文提示,完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出真实的校名和姓名。 假如你是李华,你校下周将开展校园艺术节活动。目前,英语社团正为此活动招募负责宣传讲解、引导参观等工作的志愿者。请你用英语写一封自荐信,向社团展示你的独特优势,包含性格特征、兴趣技能以及你能为艺术节做的志愿服务。 提示词语:friendly, paint, be good at talking with people 提示问题:•What kind of personality have you got? •What interests and skills have you got? •What can you do at the School Arts Festival? Dear Teacher, Hi, I'm Li Hua, a student from Grade 7. I want to apply as a volunteer for the School Arts Festival. Yours, Li Hua 3. 写作素材 (1)get along with sb. 与某人和睦相处  (2)be interested in对……感兴趣  (3)be good at擅长  (4)join参加  (5)help do sth. 帮助做某事  (6)make a difference有影响,起作用  (7)consider仔细考虑 (8)reduce stress减少压力  (9)dream of doing sth. 梦想做某事 (10)succeed in成功  (11)step by step一步一步地,逐步地  (12)Books can open your mind and make you think.书可以让你的思想开阔,让你思考。  (13)When you have a hobby, it helps you get skills and knowledge.当你有爱好时,它会帮助你获得技能和知识。 4. 范文背诵 Dear Teacher,   Hi, I'm Li Hua, a student from Grade 7. I want to apply as a volunteer for the School Arts Festival.   I'm a friendly and outgoing person, which makes it easy for me to get along with others. I'm interested in art and good at painting. Besides, I'm good at talking with people in English and can communicate effectively. If I have a chance to join as a volunteer, I can help promote the festival, guide visitors to enjoy the artworks and explain the exhibits to them.   I believe my skills and enthusiasm will make a difference. I hope you can consider me. Yours, Li Hua 一.单词拼写 1.While walking in the mountains, this young _________ (艺术家) collected many beautiful leaves. 【答案】artist 【详解】句意:在山中散步时,这位年轻的艺术家收集了许多美丽的树叶。此处表示“艺术家”用名词“artist”,因为“this young”后需接可数名词单数,故填artist。 2.A woman with a good ________ (声音) gives a show in the centre of the town. 【答案】voice 【详解】句意:一位嗓音优美的女士在镇中心进行演出。根据中文提示“声音”可知,对应的单词是voice。a good voice表示一副好嗓音,作介词with的宾语。 3.Where are my ________ (钥匙)? I can’t find them. 【答案】keys 【详解】句意:我的钥匙在哪里?我找不到它们了。括号里的“钥匙”对应的英文单词是key。句中的be动词是are,且后一句用了代词them(指代复数名词),说明这里需要用复数形式。故填keys。 4.It’s ________ (令人惊喜的) to receive such a big gift. 【答案】amazing 【详解】句意:收到这么大的礼物真是太令人惊喜了。“令人惊喜的”对应英文可用形容词amazing,修饰事或物,作表语。 5.Hi, Jack! Do you want to ________ (加入) us? 【答案】join 【详解】句意:嗨,杰克!你想要加入我们吗?join“加入”,want to后接动词原形。 6.It’s the first thing you see as you come around the corner. You can’t ________ (错过) it. 【答案】miss 【详解】句意:当你拐过这个弯时,首先映入眼帘的就是它。你绝对不会错过它的。情态动词can’t后接动词原形;中文“错过”提示单词是miss。 7.To go to a formal event, you should ________ (选择) some nice clothes. 【答案】choose 【详解】句意:要去参加正式的活动,你应该选择一些好看的衣服。根据“should”可知,should为情态动词,后接动词原形,“选择”的英文表达为choose,是动词。故填choose。 8.When we meet new classmates, we should ________ ourselves clearly. (介绍) 【答案】introduce 【详解】句意:当我们遇到新同学时,我们应该清楚地介绍自己。根据句意和括号内的中文提示可知,此处考查introduce“介绍”,动词;空格前为情态动词“should”,这里应用动词原形。故填introduce。 9.It is our duty to love, respect and protect ________ (自然). 【答案】nature 【详解】句意:热爱、尊重和保护自然是我们的责任。根据汉语提示“自然”可知,此处应填nature,为不可数名词,故填nature。 10.The boy is ________ (感兴趣) in collecting plants and insects. 【答案】interested 【详解】句意:这个男孩对收集植物和昆虫感兴趣。根据“is … in”可知,横线处需填形容词,构成固定短语“be interested in”,表示“对……感兴趣”。“感兴趣”的英文单词是“interest”,其形容词形式为“interested”。故填interested。 二.正确形式填空 1.I can do it if I work ________ (careful). 【答案】carefully 【详解】句意:如果我工作认真,我能做到它。careful意为“认真的;仔细的;小心的”,是形容词,此处修饰动词work“工作”,要用其副词形式,careful的副词形式是carefully,意为“认真地”。 2.She is a ________ (create) girl and thinks of new ideas. 【答案】creative 【详解】句意:她是一个有创造力的女孩,总能想出新点子。空格后是名词girl,需要用形容词修饰名词,create的形容词形式是creative,意为“有创造力的”。 3.Leonardo da Vinci is famous for his ________ (invent). 【答案】inventions 【详解】句意:列奥纳多·达·芬奇因他的发明而闻名。单词invent是动词,意为“发明”。空格前的形容词性物主代词his后面需要接名词,此处表达“达芬奇的多项发明”,要用invent对应的名词复数形式inventions。 4.I need to gain lots of ________ (know) about animals. 【答案】knowledge 【详解】句意:我需要掌握大量关于动物的知识。lots of后面接名词。括号内动词know,变为名词knowledge,意为“知识”,是不可数名词。 5.He works very ________ (real) hard to achieve his dream. 【答案】really 【详解】句意:他为实现梦想,工作十分努力。此处修饰副词hard,需要使用副词。real是形容词,意为“真正的,真实的”,它的副词形式是really;very和really共同加强语气。 6.We should learn to help ________ (blind) people cross the street. 【答案】blind 【详解】句意:我们应该学会帮助盲人过马路。blind“失明的、盲的”,句中“people”为名词,前面需要用形容词修饰,blind本身就是形容词,可直接作定语修饰people,blind people意为“盲人”,符合语义和语法要求。 7.I’m ________ (able) to solve this problem alone. Can you help me? 【答案】unable 【详解】句意:我无法独自解决这个问题。你能帮帮我吗?able为形容词,表示“能够的”,根据后文“Can you help me”可知此处表达否定含义。able应变为unable,表示“不能”。 8.________ (take) care of pets is a good way to learn responsibility. 【答案】Taking 【详解】句意:照顾宠物是学习承担责任的一种好方式。此处需要动名词作主语。take care of为动词短语,表示“照顾”,take为动词,应变为动名词taking,位于句首首字母大写。故填Taking。 9.People with ________ (disable) need more care from society. 【答案】disabilities 【详解】句意:残障人士需要来自社会更多的关怀。disable“使丧失能力、使伤残”,是动词,句中介词with后需要接名词作宾语,disable对应的名词形式是disability,此处表示泛指各类残障群体,使用复数形式disabilities更贴合语境。 10.She is an ________ (ability) girl who can play the piano very well. 【答案】able 【详解】句意:她是一个很有能力的女孩,钢琴弹得非常好。空格位于不定冠词an之后、空格后是名词girl,修饰名词需使用形容词,同时后文定语从句“who can play the piano very well”的语义也提示此处要表达“有能力的”这一含义。名词ability对应的形容词形式为able。 三.完成句子 1.体育是你最喜欢的学校活动吗? ________ PE your ________ school activity? 【答案】 Is favourite 【详解】原句中“是、最喜欢”是关键词,主语PE为单数,一般疑问句be动词用Is,放在句首首字母大写;favourite表示“最喜欢的”,修饰名词短语“school activity”。 2.我相信我可以成为一名优秀的志愿者。 I ________ I can be a good ________. 【答案】 believe volunteer 【详解】原句中“相信”和“志愿者”是关键词。“相信”用动词“believe”,主语“I”是第一人称,句子描述的是个人信念,时态用一般现在时,谓语动词“believe”用原形;“志愿者”是“volunteer”,前面有不定冠词“a”修饰,名词用单数形式。应填believe;volunteer。 3.你可以参加比赛。 You can ________ ________ in races. 【答案】 take part 【详解】原句中“参加”是关键词,表示“参加”的短语是take part in,take part in races意为“参加比赛”,情态动词can后面需要接动词原形。 4.我对绘画和拉二胡感兴趣。 I’m ________ in painting and ________ the erhu. 【答案】 interested playing 【详解】原句中“对……感兴趣”和“拉”是关键词。“对……感兴趣”用固定搭配“be interested in”;“拉二胡”是“play the erhu”,且与前面的“painting”(绘画,动名词形式)并列作“in”的宾语,动词需用动名词形式“playing”。应填interested;playing。 5.我擅长画画。 I ________ ________ ________ drawing. 【答案】 am good at 【详解】关键词“擅长”对应的常用英语固定短语是“be good at”;该句表示实际情况,用一般现在时,句子主语是I(第一人称单数),所以be动词要变为am。故填am good at。 四.选词填空 A 阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。请将答案写在下面题号后的横线上。每空限填一词。每词限用一次。 season    strong    wind    they    and    fly    child    top    ski    for Fangfang is my classmate. She likes exercise because it’s good 1 her. It can make her 2 and healthy. But she loves different activities in different 3 . In spring, the weather is usually fine. When it is 4 , she loves flying kites with her father. Her father 5 them very well. When it’s warm, she goes to the park to watch flowers. Summer is a good time for her to go swimming. So she often goes to the seaside (海边) with her parents. There are many parents and 6 enjoying swimming. Playing in the water brings 7 a lot of fun. When it’s sunny, the water looks clean, 8 they can even see fish in the water. In autumn, she likes climbing mountains. On 9 of the mountains, she can see the beautiful nature above. In winter, she likes 10 and skating (滑冰) . When it snows, she also loves making a snowman with her family. It’s a little cold, but she feels happy. 【答案】1.for 2.strong 3.seasons 4.windy 5.flies 6.children 7.them 8.and 9.top 10.skiing 【导语】本文介绍了芳芳在不同季节喜欢的运动与活动:春天放风筝、夏天游泳、秋天爬山、冬天滑雪滑冰。 【详解】1.句意:芳芳是我的同学。她喜欢锻炼,因为锻炼对她有好处。固定搭配“be good for”意为“对……有好处”,后面接受益对象。选for。 2.句意:锻炼能让她(变得)强壮和健康。“make+宾语+形容词”表示“使……变得……”,与“healthy”并列作补足语,需用形容词原形,表示身体强壮健康,选strong。 3.句意:但是她在不同的季节喜欢不同的活动。前文提到春、夏、秋、冬,指的是季节,选season,different后接可数名词复数,season的复数形式是seasons。 4.句意:当有风的时候,她喜欢和爸爸一起放风筝。放风筝需要“有风的”天气,选wind,作表语用形容词,wind的形容词形式是windy。 5.句意:她爸爸放风筝放得很好。前文提到“she loves flying kites with her father”她喜欢和爸爸一起放风筝,此处选fly,描述爸爸的能力,时态为一般现在时,主语“Her father”是第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,fly的第三人称单数形式是flies。   6.句意:有很多家长和孩子们在享受游泳。与“parents”并列,指海边的人群,选child,用“孩子”的复数形式。child的复数形式是children。   7.句意:在水里玩给他们带来了很多乐趣。此处指代前文的“芳芳和她的父母”,选they,作动词“brings”的间接宾语,用宾格形式。they的宾格形式是them。 8.句意:当天气晴朗时,水看起来很干净,而且他们甚至能看到水里的鱼。前后句为并列递进关系,水干净,还能看到鱼,,用并列连词连接,选and。 9.句意:在山的顶上,她能看到上方美丽的自然景色。固定搭配“on top of”意为“在……顶部”。 10.句意:在冬天,她喜欢滑雪和滑冰。与“skating”并列,且前文提到冬天雪上活动,选ski,like doing sth.“喜欢做某事”,ski的动名词形式是skiing。 B 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。 book   have   happy   and   what   too   draw   she   how   at   music   but Selena is a student in Grade 7. She’s always busy on the weekend. 1 does she do? On Saturday morning, Selena goes to the art club. She can 2 well. There are a lot of nice pictures in her room. She often gives them to 3 friends as gifts. In the afternoon, she goes to the 4 club. She can’t play any musical instruments, 5 she can sing well. She always 6 a good time there. On Sunday morning, Selena goes to the old people’s home. She usually reads 7 and newspapers for the old. She tells her school life to them, 8 . She always makes the old people 9 . On Sunday afternoon, Selena does her homework 10 home. Selena’s weekend is really busy but colorful! 【答案】1.What 2.draw 3.her 4.music 5.but 6.has 7.books 8.too 9.happy 10.at 【导语】本文讲述了七年级学生Selena忙碌又多彩的周末,她会参加兴趣活动、陪伴老人并完成作业,生活充实而有意义。 【详解】1.句意:她做了什么?此处为疑问句,结合备选词汇可知,特殊疑问词what“什么”符合语境,位于句首首字母需要大写,故填What。 2.句意:她能画得很好。由“can”可知,此处需要填动词原形,根据“Selena goes to the art club”并结合备选词汇可知,draw“画”符合语境。 3.句意:她经常把画当作礼物送给她的朋友们。此处需要形容词性物主代词或形容词修饰名词“friends”,结合备选词汇可知,“she”的形容词性物主代词her“她的”符合语境,故填her。 4.句意:下午,她去音乐俱乐部。根据后文提到的“musical instruments”和“sing”并结合备选词汇可知,应是music“音乐”俱乐部,故填music。 5.句意:她不会演奏任何乐器,但是她唱歌很好。前半句“She can’t play any musical instruments”和后半句“she can sing well”为转折关系,结合备选词汇可知but“但是”符合语境。 6.句意:她在那里总是玩得很开心。此处需要动词作谓语,结合备选词汇可知,固定搭配have a good time“玩得开心”符合语境,主语是第三人称单数She,时态为一般现在时,所以此处应用have的第三人称单数形式has。 7.句意:她通常给老人们读书和报纸。此处需要名词复数和“newspapers”并列,结合备选词汇可知,book“书”符合语境,故填books。 8.句意:她也给老人们讲述自己的校园生活。此处应填副词,结合前文“她给老人们读书读报”和备选词汇可知,too“也”符合语境。 9.句意:她总能让老人们心情愉悦。根据前文“给老人读书读报、讲学校生活”并结合备选词汇可知,应是使老人开心,happy“开心的”,是形容词作宾语补足语,符合固定搭配“make sb.+adj.”,故填happy。 10.句意:周日下午,Selena在家写作业。结合备选词汇可知,固定搭配at home符合语境,故填at。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 4 Interests and Abilities(知识清单)英语新教材北师大版七年级上册
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Unit 4 Interests and Abilities(知识清单)英语新教材北师大版七年级上册
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Unit 4 Interests and Abilities(知识清单)英语新教材北师大版七年级上册
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