精品解析：湖南临澧县第一中学2026-2027学年高二上学期开学英语试题

高二年级上学期英语质量检测 满分：150分 时量：120分钟 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段录音，选出最佳选项。 1. How long will the woman perform? A. 30 minutes. B. 20 minutes. C. 10 minutes. 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. Dancing B. Taking photos. C. Playing sports. 3. What does the man plan to do this afternoon? A. Buy a phone. B. Wait for a call. C. Do some gardening. 4. Why will the man ask his friends for help? A. To do a test run. B. To learn to cook. C. To get some inspiration. 5. What is the man doing? A. Offering comfort. B. Giving instructions. C. Asking for help. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段录音，选出最佳选项。听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. When did the man’ s flight take off? A. Last Wednesday. B. Last Thursday. C. Last Friday. 7. What does the man say about Chinese people? A. They were polite. B. They were responsible. C. They were helpful. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. How did the man know about Mark Smith’ s new show? A. From a podcast. B. From a friend. C. From a TV program. 9. What does the man think Mark Smith is good at? A. Storytelling. B. Delivery. C. Timing. 10. What does the man want to do? A. Watch an interview. B. Write an article. C. Borrow a magazine. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. Why did the man go to Nigeria? A. To study. B. To volunteer. C. To see wildlife. 12. What bothered the man most in Nigeria? A. The local language. B. The hot weather. C. The accommodation. 13. Which aspect of body language did the man find strange in Nigeria? A. Eye contact. B. Hand gestures. C. Facial expressions. 听第9段录音，回答第14至16题 14. How does the man sound at the beginning of the conversation? A. Bored. B. Funny. C. Curious. 15. What impresses the woman about Billy Connolly? A. His body language. B. His everyday topics. C. His choice of words. 16. What will the man do next Saturday? A. Write jokes B. Make a video. C. Attend a comedy event. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题 17. What did the speaker talk about first during the course? A. His best jokes. B. His personal experiences. C. His favorite comedians. 18. How did the young woman react when the speaker told a joke? A. She laughed out loud. B. She ignored him C. She interacted with him. 19. What did the teacher do after the students came back? A. She gave a performance. B. She watched their videos. C. She practiced with them. 20. What was the speaker’s problem when he told a joke? A. He kept his voice unchanged. B. He failed to look at the audience. C. He laughed after finishing his joke. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Youth DIY Skills — Four-Week Course £140.00 Join us for a special four-week course aimed at young people age 10-16 who are keen to learn beginner DIY and woodworking skills. ★Course runs for 4 weeks with one session (节) per week. ★Each session is 1.5 hours. What is the Ash & Co DIY Skills Course for Children? This course is designed for teens and pre-teens who are looking for an in-depth introduction to DIY and woodworking skills. Over the four weeks we will cover all the basics to get started as a maker, including using saws, hammers, and drills (钻头). You will put these tools to practical use, ending with making your own bench hook (工作台挡板) that will be yours to keep. This course is only for young people who are truly interested in learning woodworking skills. We will be using real “adult” tools, and while this will be done safely and with full instruction, there will be no room for kids who mess around in this course! What woodworking and DIY skills will children learn? Week One: Learn how to saw, measure, mark and use wood glue. Discover how to hold wood safely. Practise sawing wood. Week Two: Learn how to use hammers and nails properly to attach pieces together. Shape wood using rasps (锉刀) and use these two new skills to make a small take-home project. Week Three: Learn all about drills and how to use them. Get hands-on and make lots of holes! Week Four: Bring all your new skills together to make your own bench hook — yours to keep and use on your woodworking journey. 1. How many hours does this course take in total? A. 1.5. B. 3. C. 4.5. D. 6. 2. What is a requirement for the learners? A. Bringing their own tools. B. Being at least 16 years old. C. Taking the course seriously. D. Having experience with DIY. 3. What will children learn in the third week? A. Drilling holes in wood. B. Shaping wood with rasps. C. Cutting and measuring wood. D. Creating their own bench hook. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍的是一门面向10-16岁青少年的DIY与木工技能四周课程，包括课程安排、学习内容及要求等信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据£140.00部分“Course runs for 4 weeks with one session (节) per week. (课程为期4周，每周一节。)”以及“Each session is 1.5 hours. (每节课1.5小时。)”可知，该课程总共需要6小时（4周 × 1.5小时/周 = 6小时）。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据What is the Ash & Co DIY Skills Course for Children?部分“This course is only for young people who are truly interested in learning woodworking skills. We will be using real ‘adult’ tools, and while this will be done safely and with full instruction, there will be no room for kids who mess around in this course! (这门课程只面向真正有兴趣学习木工技能的年轻人。我们将使用真正的‘成人’工具，虽然会在安全且有完整指导的情况下进行，但在这门课程中绝不允许孩子胡闹！)”可知，学习者需要认真对待这门课程。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据What woodworking and DIY skills will children learn?部分“Week Three: Learn all about drills and how to use them. Get hands-on and make lots of holes! (第三周：学习所有关于钻头的知识以及如何使用它们。动手实践，钻很多孔！)”可知，孩子们在第三周将学习在木头上钻孔。 B The little girl I tutor (辅导) threw her pencil down in frustration and defeat. That was my cue. I rushed to the whiteboard and started copying down the math problem. I guided her step by step through the solution, going back whenever I saw confusion on her face. After I explained, she turned back to the paper and tried again. She solved it! She defeated the problem! We got up from our chairs and celebrated the hard-earned victory. We played games as a reward. When I first started tutoring the young girl last summer, I didn’t understand how to prevent her stress from difficult math problems or bring out her confidence in writing. I pushed her to do one math problem after another and write numerous essays. Our sessions first started with many tears and frustrated screaming, but soon I started to understand how to approach the situation. Every time anything was finished, big or small, we celebrated. We started to take breaks between each worksheet and saw each problem we dealt with as something extraordinary. I brought her small rewards. She started feeling proud of herself for every challenge she fought. It became second nature for me to jump up in excitement with her and play board games every couple of minutes. It not only changed her attitude towards learning but also started to affect me as well. I used to be afraid of going home after tutoring her because it meant dealing with lots of homework, but slowly all the work has started to seem less frightening. I began allowing myself breaks between hour-long study sessions. Each paragraph written for a paper was significant and every math problem solved was an improvement. I stopped being so hard on myself and started encouraging myself with rewards. As a result, I’ve found myself less stressed and actually enjoying the things I do. I’m proud of every achievement. The girl I tutor has taught me lessons far greater than any math problem I could teach her: to celebrate the little things and love to learn. 4. What does the underlined word “cue” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Description. B. Signal. C. Situation. D. Issue. 5. What did the author do when she first tutored the girl? A. She offered her small prizes. B. She made her do lots of tasks. C. She taught her through games. D. She inspired her to ask questions. 6. How did the author use to feel after tutoring? A. Proud. B. Surprised. C. Disappointed. D. Anxious. 7. What did the author learn from her tutoring experience? A. Knowledge is power. B. Practice makes perfect. C. Material rewards matter a lot. D. Small progress should be valued. 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了作者辅导小女孩学习的经历，作者从最初不当的辅导方式慢慢做出改变，学会庆祝每一次微小的进步，在帮助女孩转变学习态度的同时，自己也得到成长，懂得要重视点滴进步、享受学习。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据原文第一段“The little girl I tutor threw her pencil down in frustration and defeat. That was my cue. I rushed to the whiteboard and started copying down the math problem.(我辅导的这个小女孩沮丧又挫败地扔下了铅笔。那就是我的cue。我冲到白板前，开始抄写这道数学题。)”可知，小女孩扔下铅笔这个举动是作者行动的“信号”，推知cue表示“信号”。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第二段“When I first started tutoring the young girl last summer, I didn’t understand how to prevent her stress from difficult math problems or bring out her confidence in writing. I pushed her to do one math problem after another and write numerous essays.(去年夏天我刚开始辅导这个小女孩的时候，我不知道如何缓解难题带给她的压力，也不知道如何激发她写作的自信心。我督促她一道接一道地做数学题，写大量的文章。)”可知，作者刚开始辅导女孩时，让她做大量的学习任务。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第四段“I used to be afraid of going home after tutoring her because it meant dealing with lots of homework, but slowly all the work has started to seem less frightening.(过去辅导完她之后，我害怕回家，因为那意味着要处理大量的家庭作业，但慢慢地所有的学习任务看起来不再那么令人恐惧。)”可知，作者过去辅导结束之后内心是焦虑的。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第四段“The girl I tutor has taught me lessons far greater than any math problem I could teach her: to celebrate the little things and love to learn.(我辅导的这个女孩教会我的道理，远比我教给她的任何一道数学题都重要：要为小事喝彩并且热爱学习。)”可知，作者从辅导经历中学到微小的进步应当被重视。 C Ants are many things. They’re hard workers and highly social. They’re quite strong for their size. And now they may also be a source of architectural inspiration too — for designing spaces that reduce the spread of disease. This discovery comes from a new study focused on Metarhizium brunneum (Mb), a common and deadly fungus (真菌) for insects, including the black garden ant. For this fungus to increase, it kills its host, taking over the host ant’s dead body and changing it into a spore-producing (生产孢子的) factory. “It’s basically completely covered in spores and is highly infectious (传染的).” says Nathalle Stroeymeyt, a behavioral ecologist. In 2018, Stroeymeyț and her workmates found that infected workers quickly stayed away from the nest to protect their nestmates. In addition, some of the healthy ants — the nurses that take care of the queen, eggs and the young — increased their distance from the foragers, which are the ones who work outside and face higher risks. Stroeymeyt wondered if the ants were making bigger changes — by changing the spaces they shared. So Stroeymeyt teamed up with Luke Leckie, a systems biologist, to investigate whether the ants could change how they dug and built their nests when threatened by the dangerous fungus. To determine the impact of infection on nest architecture, Leckie gave small groups of black garden ants a day to start building their nests. Then, in half of the nests, they introduced individual ants infected with the fungus. Over six days, they used CT imaging to view the 3D constructs of the nests. Results showed clear differences. Nests with infected ants had more separated rooms and fewer connections between passages. Entrances were built farther apart, and pathways became longer. Computer tests further confirmed that these changes effectively reduced the risk of the disease spreading. Although these changes made movement less effective, they helped stop the disease from spreading through the ant group. So perhaps one day, humans will benefit from this idea of architectural immunity (免疫), inspired not by antibodies-but by ant bodies. 8. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. How Mb spreads. B. The formation of spores. C. How ants fight against the fungus. D. The breakdown of dead ant bodies. 9. What was the purpose of Stroeymeyt and Leckie’s experiment? A. To study how infected ants affected nest architecture. B. To find out if ants could sense dangers around their nest. C. To observe how ants built nests under normal conditions. D. To check if infected ants dug and built nests effectively. 10. What is a feature of the nests with infected ants? A. Wider pathways. B. Closer entrances. C. Shortened room distances. D. Reduced passage connections. 11. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Architectural immunity works like antibodies. B. Human buildings will soon follow ant-inspired designs. C. Ants’ nest-adjusting may inspire human disease prevention. D. Architectural immunity will soon become a key research topic. 【答案】8. A 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述研究发现蚂蚁改造巢穴结构，该特点有望给人类建筑防疫带来启发。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“This discovery comes from a new study focused on Metarhizium brunneum (Mb), a common and deadly fungus (真菌) for insects, including the black garden ant. For this fungus to increase, it kills its host, taking over the host ant’s dead body and changing it into a spore-producing (生产孢子的) factory. “It’s basically completely covered in spores and is highly infectious (传染的).” says Nathalle Stroeymeyt, a behavioral ecologist.(这一发现源自一项新研究，研究对象是布氏绿僵菌（Mb），这是一种对昆虫（包括黑园蚁）而言常见且致命的真菌。这种真菌想要繁殖，就会杀死宿主，侵占蚂蚁宿主的尸体，将其改造为一座产孢子工厂。行为生态学家Nathalle Stroeymeyt说：“蚂蚁尸体上几乎布满孢子，传染性极强。”)”可知，第二段主要介绍Mb真菌的传播方式。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“So Stroeymeyt teamed up with Luke Leckie, a systems biologist, to investigate whether the ants could change how they dug and built their nests when threatened by the dangerous fungus.(于是Stroeymeyt与系统生物学家Luke Leckie合作，研究蚂蚁受到危险真菌威胁时，是否会改变挖掘和筑巢的方式。)”可知，实验目的是研究受感染蚂蚁对巢穴结构的影响。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Nests with infected ants had more separated rooms and fewer connections between passages.(有受感染蚂蚁的巢穴拥有更多独立房间，通道之间的连接变少。)”可知，存在受感染蚂蚁的巢穴的特点是通道连接减少。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“So perhaps one day, humans will benefit from this idea of architectural immunity, inspired not by antibodies‑but by ant bodies.(所以也许有一天，人类会从这种建筑免疫理念中获益，灵感并非来自抗体，而是来自蚂蚁。)”可知，蚂蚁调整巢穴的行为或许会启发人类开展疾病预防工作。 D Shen Kuo of China’s Northern Song Dynasty made significant contributions to early scientific thinking through his work Dream Pool Essays. Among his many investigations, Shen recorded a series of observations about environmental and geological phenomena that suggest an awareness of what we would now call climate variability. Though he did not advance a theory of climate change in the modern sense, he did describe climatic anomalies (反常现象) and long-term environmental and geological changes with remarkable insight (洞察力). One of the most notable examples of Shen Kuo’s insight is his account of fossilized (已成为化石的) bamboo discovered in the dry, northern region of Yanzhou, an area where bamboo could not then grow due to cold conditions. Shen thought that the region must have once experienced a warmer climate that could support such plants. This inference reflects key ideas later developed in the earth sciences. Shen’s work also reflects an appreciation for the role of long-term environmental processes in shaping the physical world. In a passage describing how heavy rains could cause landslides and change the course of rivers, he draws attention to the increasing power of slow-acting natural forces. Moreover, Shen often explored the question of human interaction with the environment. He recorded examples in which water-control projects, cutting or burning down trees, and farming practices seemed to affect local natural conditions. His awareness that human actions could worsen flooding, damage the quality of soil, or cause small changes in climate shows an early understanding of how people can influence the natural environment. Shen Kuo’s Dream Pool Essays thus offers a valuable pre-modern insight into environmental variability. His descriptions of past climate conditions, geological time, and landscape changes related to human activities place him among thinkers who have questioned the constancy (恒定性) of nature. For modern historians of climate science, Shen Kuo represents a significant voice from outside Western culture and a reminder that people recognized climatic change long before the industrial age. 12. How did Shen Kuo conduct his scientific investigations? A. By studying early scientific works. B. By working on reasonable assumptions. C. By observing and documenting changes. D. By comparing and testing existing theories. 13. What did Shen Kuo try to illustrate by mentioning fossilized bamboo? A. The limitations of plant adaptability. B. The early efforts in biology research. C. The extinction of ancient plant species. D. The changes in regional climate conditions. 14. How did Shen Kuo view natural forces? A. Their effects built up slowly over time. B. They did more good than harm to humans. C. Their regular patterns were hard to break. D. They were misunderstood by ancient people. 15. What is the significance of Dream Pool Essays? A. It connects climate with human activities. B. It presents a pre-modern view on environmental change. C. It shows China’s early role in global climate research. D. It stresses traditional Chinese approaches to climate science. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国北宋科学家沈括在《梦溪笔谈》中对环境变化、气候变异及人类活动影响的早期科学观察与洞察。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Among his many investigations, Shen recorded a series of observations about environmental and geological phenomena that suggest an awareness of what we would now call climate variability. (在他众多的调查研究中，沈括记录了一系列关于环境和地质现象的观察，这些观察表明他意识到了我们现在所说的气候变异)”以及第三段“In a passage describing how heavy rains could cause landslides and change the course of rivers, he draws attention to the increasing power of slow-acting natural forces. (在一段描述大雨如何引起山体滑坡并改变河流流向的文字中，他提请注意缓慢作用的自然力量日益增长的威力)”可知，沈括是通过观察和记录变化来进行科学研究的。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Shen thought that the region must have once experienced a warmer climate that could support such plants. (沈括认为，该地区一定曾经经历过较温暖的气候，能够支持此类植物生长)”可知，沈括提到竹化石是为了说明区域气候条件的变化。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In a passage describing how heavy rains could cause landslides and change the course of rivers, he draws attention to the increasing power of slow-acting natural forces. (在一段描述大雨如何引起山体滑坡并改变河流流向的文字中，他提请注意缓慢作用的自然力量日益增长的威力)”可知，沈括认为自然力量的影响是随着时间的推移而慢慢积累起来的。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Shen Kuo’s Dream Pool Essays thus offers a valuable pre-modern insight into environmental variability. (因此，沈括的《梦溪笔谈》为环境变异提供了宝贵的现代化之前的见解)”可知，《梦溪笔谈》的意义在于它呈现了一种前现代的环境变化观。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The experience of coming to university is just as important for you as the degree you earn when you graduate. ____16____ One option you might be interested in is vlogging (制作视频博客). A vlog is basically a written blog presented in video format. Think of it as your own TV show, typically featuring you as the main star. ____17____ They can be posted publicly or kept private. There are plenty of reasons to start a vlog at university, but it’s mainly about finding a format that benefits you and enriches your journey. Don’t focus too much on what other vloggers are doing. ____18____ Documenting your journey through university can be helpful. Firstly, it will show others what kind of difficulties they may face before even starting their journey. ____19____ Since all of your family and friends will have the opportunity to see you at the same time, you can keep them all informed at one go. ____20____ It can help fight the fear of public speaking. The more videos you make, the more confident you become. Eventually, public speaking will become easier for you, opening up new opportunities for you in your university and working life. On top of this, the more videos you create, the more you may need to edit them. This could include trimming clips (剪辑片断), adding sound effects and possibly some text as well. It may seem frightening, but you will develop a new skill in time that may benefit you in the future. A. Videos can be as short or as long as you like. B. Instead, find a style that suits you and stick to it. C. Vlogging can also help your growth as a professional. D. In addition, it will be a good diary for you to rewatch later on. E. The equipment you need will depend on the type of vlog you want to create. F. It’s a period of personal growth, and documenting it can bring many benefits. G. Secondly, it will show your family and friends what it’s like living away from home. 【答案】16. F 17. A 18. B 19. G 20. C 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了大学期间制作视频博客的方法和好处。 【16题详解】 根据上文“The experience of coming to university is just as important for you as the degree you earn when you graduate.(上大学的经历对你来说和你毕业时获得的学位一样重要)”和下文“One option you might be interested in is vlogging (制作视频博客).(你可能感兴趣的一个选择是制作视频博客)”可知，此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句，F项“It`s a period of personal growth, and documenting it can bring many benefits.(这是一个个人成长的时期，记录它可以带来很多好处)”中的a period of personal growth对应上文的The experience of coming to university，documenting it引出下文的vlogging，能够承上启下。 【17题详解】 根据上文“A vlog is basically a written blog presented in video format. Think of it as your own TV show, typically featuring you as the main star.(视频博客基本上是以视频格式呈现的书面博客。把它想象成你自己的电视节目，通常以你为主角)”以及下文“They can be posted publicly or kept private.(它们可以公开发布，也可以保密)”可知，此处与上下文内容一致，介绍视频博客的基本信息，A项“Videos can be as short or as long as you like.(视频的长短随你喜欢)”介绍的正是视频博客时长的基本信息，同时下文中的They与A项中的Videos正好满足指代关系。 【18题详解】 根据上文“There are plenty of reasons to start a vlog at university, but it’s mainly about finding a format that benefits you and enriches your journey. Don’t focus too much on what other vloggers are doing.(在大学里制作视频博客有很多原因，但主要是为了找到一种对你有益并丰富你的旅程的格式。不要太关注其他视频博主在做什么)”可知，此处应承接上文，建议制作视频博客要找到适合自己的风格，B项“Instead, find a style that suits you and stick to it.(相反，找到一种适合你的风格，并坚持下去)”承接上文，指出关于制作视频博客风格方面的正确做法。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Firstly, it will show others what kind of difficulties they may face before even starting their journey.(首先，它将向其他人展示他们在开始旅程之前可能面临的困难)”可知，此处承接上文，接着介绍记录你的大学之旅的另一个好处，G项“Secondly, it will show your family and friends what it’s like living away from home.(其次，它将向你的家人和朋友展示离家生活的感受)”中的Secondly与上文的Firstly构成顺序逻辑。 【20题详解】 根据下文“It can help fight the fear of public speaking. The more videos you make, the more confident you become. Eventually, public speaking will become easier for you, opening up new opportunities for you in your university and working life. On top of this, the more videos you create, the more you may need to edit them. This could include trimming clips, adding sound effects and possibly some text as well. It may seem frightening, but you will develop a new skill in time that may benefit you in the future.(它可以帮助对抗公众演讲的恐惧。你制作的视频越多，你就越自信。最终，公开演讲对你来说会变得更容易，为你在大学和工作生活中开辟新的机会。除此之外，您创建的视频越多，可能需要编辑的视频就越多。这可能包括剪辑视频片段、添加音效，也可能包括一些文本。这可能看起来很可怕，但随着时间的推移，你会掌握一项新技能，这可能会在未来对你有益)”可知，本段主要讲的是通过多次编辑制作，制作视频博客可以帮助你从业余走向专业，C项“Vlogging can also help your growth as a professional.(制作视频博客还可以帮助你成长为一个专业人士)”概括了本段主旨，符合题意。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Before I was born, my father toured the U.S. by motorcycle. He chose cloth patches (布贴) as his souvenirs because they were inexpensive and reflective of the places he’d ____21____ — not to mention small and lightweight, which was important given how little ____22____ he had in his motorcycle’s saddlebags (挂包). Throughout my childhood, he looked for patches to ____23____ his collection everywhere we went. I picked up the ____24____ at age 18 and still seek out patches today. I currently have a camera bag and a jacket covered in patches. Using these items makes me ____25____ because they remind me of past travels, and they’re a great conversation piece. Because they become ____26____ items, they’re not going to end up in a landfill (垃圾填埋场) anytime soon. My ____27____ on collecting patches also saves me money when I travel. They’re generally ____28____. When I buy a patch, I’m less likely to spend money on pricey clothes. Not every place sells patches, however. When that ____29____, I turn to DIY souvenirs — ____30____, some of the best souvenirs aren’t bought; they`re ____31____. Many places allow me to learn how to blow glass or create other items as part of the ____32____. I can then ____33____ these unique pieces with my friends back home. Taking a mindful approach to souvenirs is important. The ____34____ souvenirs will bring a smile to your face without any bad consequences, and you`ll be content with ____35____ eco-friendly options. 21. A. identified B. promoted C. visited D. marked 22. A. clothing B. food C. money D. space 23. A. put away B. add to C. learn from D. show off 24. A. habit B. task C. trade D. conversation 25. A. attractive B. special C. busy D. happy 26. A. small B. useful C. pretty D. familiar 27. A. lesson B. impact C. focus D. comment 28. A. acceptable B. suitable C. noticeable D. affordable 29. A. improves B. happens C. matters D. repeats 30. A. after all B. in return C. above all D. for example 31. A. mixed B. found C. made D. ordered 32. A. tradition B. contribution C. research D. experience 33. A. expect B. prepare C. share D. compare 34. A. right B. safe C. usual D. funny 35. A. imagining B. selecting C. counting D. rating 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者受父亲影响收藏布贴作为旅行纪念品，并提倡选择环保纪念品的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词。​句意：他选择布贴作为他的纪念品，因为它们便宜且能反映他曾去过的那些地方——更不用说它们小巧轻便了，考虑到他的摩托车挂包里空间有多小，这一点很重要。A. identified识别，认出；B. promoted促进，提升；C. visited参观，访问；D. marked标记。根据前文“Before I was born, my father toured the U.S. by motorcycle.”可知，父亲骑摩托车游览美国，布贴反映的是他参观的地方。 【22题详解】 考查名词。​句意：同上。A. clothing衣服；B. food食物；C. money钱；D. space空间。根据前文“small and lightweight”以及“motorcycle’s saddlebags”可知，挂包内非常有限的是空间。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语。​句意：在我的整个童年时期，无论我们去哪里，他都在寻找布贴来扩充他的收藏。A. put away收好，放好；B. add to增加，扩充；C. learn from向……学习；D. show off炫耀。 根据空前“looked for patches”以及“his collection”可知，父亲是在寻找布贴增添到他的收藏中。 【24题详解】 考查名词。​句意：我在18岁时养成了这个习惯，直到今天我还在寻找布贴。A. habit习惯；B. task任务；C. trade交易，行业；D. conversation对话。根据前文“Throughout my childhood, he looked for patches to ________ his collection everywhere we went.”可知，父亲一生都在收集布贴，作者18岁也开始收集，所以是继承了这一习惯。 【25题详解】 考查形容词。​句意：使用这些物品让我开心，因为它们让我想起过去的旅行，而且它们是很好的聊天话题。A. attractive有吸引力的；B. special特别的；C. busy忙碌的；D. happy快乐的。根据后文“because they remind me of past travels, and they’re a great conversation piece”可知，这些回忆和话题给作者带来的是积极情绪，即“快乐”。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。​ 句意：因为它们变成了有用的物品，所以它们不会很快被扔进垃圾填埋场。A. small小的；B. useful有用的；C. pretty漂亮的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文“they’re not going to end up in a landfill (垃圾填埋场) anytime soon.”可知，不会被轻易丢弃通常是因为物品还具有用处。 【27题详解】 考查名词。​句意：我对收集布贴的专注也在我旅行时帮我省钱。A. lesson课程，教训；B. impact影响；C. focus关注，专注；D. comment评论。根据前文第4空后“still seek out patches today”可知，作者一直坚持寻找布贴，这是一种“专注”。 【28题详解】 考查形容词。​句意：它们通常价格实惠。 A. acceptable可接受的；B. suitable合适的；C. noticeable明显的；D. affordable负担得起的，便宜的。根据后文“I’m less likely to spend money on pricey clothes”可知，布贴不贵，即买得起的。 【29题详解】 考查动词。​句意：当那种情况发生时，我就转向DIY纪念品——毕竟，最好的纪念品并非都是买来的；而是亲手制作的。A. improves改善；B. happens发生；C. matters重要；D. repeats重复。 根据前文“Not every place sells patches, however.”可知，遇到没有布贴售卖的情况发生时，作者就会选择其他方式。 【30题详解】 考查短语。​句意：同上。A. after all毕竟；B. in return作为回报；C. above all首先，尤其是；D. for example例如。 后文“some of the best souvenirs aren’t bought”是对前文转向DIY的进一步解释，用after all“毕竟”引出合理的解释。 【31题详解】 考查动词。​句意：同上。 A. mixed混合；B. found发现；C. made制作；D. ordered命令，订购。根据前文“DIY souvenirs”可知，这类纪念品不是购买的，而是亲手制作的。 【32题详解】 考查名词。​句意：许多地方允许我学习吹玻璃或制作其他物品，作为体验的一部分。A. tradition传统；B. contribution贡献；C. research研究；D. experience体验，经历。根据前文“Many places allow me to learn how to blow glass or create other items”可知，参与手工制作是旅行过程中的一种特色体验。 【33题详解】 考查动词。​句意：然后我可以与家乡的朋友们分享这些独特的作品。 A. expect期待；B. prepare准备；C. share分享；D. compare比较。 根据后文“with my friends back home”可知，作者是回家后向朋友分享这些作品。 【34题详解】 考查形容词。​句意：合适的纪念品会让你面带微笑，而没有任何不良后果，你也会对选择了环保选项感到满意。A. right正确的，合适的；B. safe安全的；C. usual通常的；D. funny有趣的。根据后文“will bring a smile to your face without any bad consequences”可知，能给人带来笑容，说明纪念品是合适的。 【35题详解】 考查动词。​句意：同上。A. imagining想象；B. selecting选择；C. counting数数，依赖；D. rating评级。根据空后“eco-friendly options”可知，此处指挑选环保的旅行纪念品。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5.分，满分15.分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What could cities of the future look like? How will they sustain (供养) growing populations? Could they even float on water? These are the questions students from across New Mexico are dealing with in the yearly Future City Competition. ____36____ (organize) by Sandia National Laboratories, the event is part of a national program ____37____ encourages middle school students to imagine, design and build sustainable future cities that are ____38____ (innovate), safe and secure. This year, students from 18 schools are participating. The winning team will compete in the national competition in February in Washington, D. C. “It is fantastic to see the ____39____ (grow) in participation from New Mexico schools over the years, not only in ____40____ number of schools but also in the diversity of New Mexico ____41____ (location),” said regional coordinator (协调员) Junko Mondragon. Sandia ____42____ (host) this competition for more than 10 years to promote STEM education and inspire middle schoolers ____43____ (explore) STEM fields. “It’s nice to see that some New Mexico educators have integrated this competition into their main science curriculum,” said Amy Sun, Future City educator coordinator ____44____ Sandia systems engineer. “They are teaching students how our environment impacts city planning and safe living.” Volunteers from Sandia serve a number of roles in the competition, such as ____45____ (provide) workshops and talks or serving as advisors, judges or coordinators. 【答案】36. Organized 37. that##which 38. innovative 39. growth 40. the 41. locations 42. has hosted 43. to explore 44. and 45. providing 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍新墨西哥州未来城市竞赛的举办、目的、规模以及桑迪亚实验室为此开展的相关工作。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这项活动由桑迪亚国家实验室组织，是一个全国项目的一部分，该项目鼓励中学生想象、设计并建造具有创新性、安全可靠的可持续未来城市。本空作状语，the event和organize是被动关系，用过去分词Organized。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这项活动由桑迪亚国家实验室组织，是一个全国项目的一部分，该项目鼓励中学生想象、设计并建造具有创新性、安全可靠的可持续未来城市。本空引导定语从句，先行词program指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词that/which。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这项活动由桑迪亚国家实验室组织，是一个全国项目的一部分，该项目鼓励中学生想象、设计并建造具有创新性、安全可靠的可持续未来城市。本空与safe、secure并列作表语，用形容词innovative“创新的”。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：“看到这些年来新墨西哥州学校的参与度有所增长，不仅是学校数量，还有新墨西哥州参赛地区的多样性，这真是太好了。”地区协调员Junko Mondragon说道。本空作宾语，用grow的名词形式growth“增长”。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：“看到这些年来新墨西哥州学校的参与度有所增长，不仅是学校数量，还有新墨西哥州参赛地区的多样性，这真是太好了。”地区协调员Junko Mondragon说道。固定搭配the number of...“……的数量”。 【41题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：“看到这些年来新墨西哥州学校的参与度有所增长，不仅是学校数量，还有新墨西哥州参赛地区的多样性，这真是太好了。”地区协调员Junko Mondragon说道。diversity of后接可数名词复数，本空用location的复数locations“地区，地点”。 【42题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：桑迪亚实验室已经举办这项竞赛十多年，旨在推广STEM教育，激励中学生探索STEM相关领域。根据时间状语for more than 10 years可知，用现在完成时；主语为Sandia，助动词用has，host过去分词hosted。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：桑迪亚实验室已经举办这项竞赛十多年，旨在推广STEM教育，激励中学生探索STEM相关领域。固定搭配inspire sb. to do sth.“激励某人做某事”，本空用to explore。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：身为未来城市竞赛教育协调员兼桑迪亚系统工程师的Amy Sun说：“很高兴看到部分新墨西哥州教育工作者把这项竞赛融入主要科学课程。”Future City educator coordinator与Sandia systems engineer为并列关系，用and连接。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：来自桑迪亚实验室的志愿者在竞赛中承担多种工作，例如开设研习班、开展讲座，或是担任顾问、评委以及协调员。such as后接动名词作宾语，本空用provide的动名词providing“提供”。 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，最近你校计划开展“国家公园保护”主题教育活动，需收集国内外的优秀保护案例。你的英国朋友Leo曾多次参与国外的环保公益活动。请你给Leo写一封邮件，请他提供案例，内容包括： (1)写邮件的目的； (2)具体要求； (3)期待回复。 注意：(1)写作词数应为80个左右；(2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Leo, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Leo, Knowing that you have taken part in many environmental protection activities abroad, I’m writing to ask you for a favor. Our school will hold an educational activity themed “National Park Protection”. We are collecting excellent protection cases at home and abroad. Could you please offer some typical foreign cases? It would be better if you attach simple introductions to their effective protective measures. I would appreciate it if you could help me. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给英国朋友Leo写一封邮件，请他提供国家公园保护的案例。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：take part in → participate in 举办(活动)：hold  → launch 优秀的：excellent → outstanding 有效的：effective → resultful/efficient 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Our school will hold an educational activity themed “National Park Protection”.  拓展句：Our school will hold an educational activity, whose theme is “National Park Protection”.  【点睛】【高分句型1】Our school will hold an educational activity themed “National Park Protection”.（运用了过去分词短语作后置定语） 【高分句型2】It would be better if you attach simple introductions to their effective protective measures.（运用了if 引导条件状语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The basketball playoffs were at their height, and the air was thick with tension. Our team had battled through a series of tough games to reach this match. A loss here meant the end of our season. I first stepped onto the basketball court in sixth grade. I wasn’t born with natural athleticism, but my love for basketball burned brightly within me. I spent countless hours outside practicing. Days turned into weeks, and weeks into months. My shot gradually improved. By eighth grade, my hard work paid off. I made the school team and worked my way up to being a starter. I became the unofficial rebounder (篮板手) of the team. Although I couldn’t run as fast or jump as high as some of my more naturally gifted teammates, I never let that get me down. I believed that through hard work, I could achieve anything I set my mind to. As the playoff game entered its final moments, the situation was serious. There were only two seconds left on the clock, and we were down by one point. I found myself standing at the free-throw line, the weight of the game resting on my shoulders. If I made the first shot, I’d get a second chance. But if I lost, our season would be over. This was supposed to be my moment, the high point of all my years of effort. I was a good free-throw shooter, having practiced the shot thousands of times. I took a deep breath, focused, and threw the ball. Time seemed to slow down as the ball flew through the air. But then, disaster struck. The ball hit the rim and bounced (弹跳) off. Without a second’s hesitation, I jumped up for the rebound. I reached out my arms as far as I could, but to my disappointment, a player from the other team caught the rebound. The buzzer (蜂鸣器) sounded, and the game was over. 注意：(1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Our season was finished, and we were out of the playoffs. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then, the coach looked over the crowd and called out my name. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Our season was finished, and we were out of the playoffs. My head hung lower than ever, tears burning at the corners of my eyes. I avoided looking at my teammates, overwhelmed by guilt — all those hours of practice, and I’d missed the most important shot. The gym was quiet except for soft sighs from my team; some players sat on the bench with downcast faces, while others patted each other’s shoulders silently. I thought my hard work had meant nothing, and I felt like I had let everyone down. Then, the coach looked over the crowd and called out my name. I walked over nervously, but his eyes were warm instead of angry. He put a hand on my shoulder and said, “I’ve seen you practice free throws every dawn and chase rebounds tirelessly. That shot doesn’t define you — your perseverance does.” My teammates gathered around, hugging me and saying they were proud of my effort. At that moment, I realized hard work wasn’t wasted, and this failure was just part of my basketball journey. 【解析】 【导语】本文以篮球季后赛为背景，讲述了热爱篮球、凭借刻苦努力成为校队主力篮板手的“我”，在季后赛决胜时刻站上罚球线，却罚丢关键一球、错失篮板，最终导致球队赛季终结的故事，展现了努力、遗憾与成长的主题。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句可知，第一段可描写比赛结束后球队的低落氛围、队友的反应以及“我”内心的愧疚、失落与自我怀疑。 ②由第二段首句可知，第二段可描写教练对“我”的鼓励与肯定，点明努力的意义，让“我”走出自责、重拾信心。 2. 续写线索：赛季终结——全队失落——“我”深陷愧疚自责——教练点名——教练暖心鼓励——肯定努力——“我”释怀成长 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ① 垂下：hang lower/droop/bow ② 拥抱：hug/embrace/hold tightly 情绪类 ① 沮丧：downcast/depressed ② 温暖：warm/heart-warming 【点睛】[高分句型 1] I avoided looking at my teammates, overwhelmed by guilt — all those hours of practice, and I’d missed the most important shot. (运用了动名词作宾语) [高分句型 2] My teammates gathered around, hugging me and saying they were proud of my effort.(运用了现在分词作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二年级上学期英语质量检测 满分：150分 时量：120分钟 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段录音，选出最佳选项。 1. How long will the woman perform? A. 30 minutes. B. 20 minutes. C. 10 minutes. 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. Dancing B. Taking photos. C. Playing sports. 3. What does the man plan to do this afternoon? A. Buy a phone. B. Wait for a call. C. Do some gardening. 4. Why will the man ask his friends for help? A. To do a test run. B. To learn to cook. C. To get some inspiration. 5. What is the man doing? A. Offering comfort. B. Giving instructions. C. Asking for help. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段录音，选出最佳选项。听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. When did the man’ s flight take off? A. Last Wednesday. B. Last Thursday. C. Last Friday. 7. What does the man say about Chinese people? A. They were polite. B. They were responsible. C. They were helpful. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. How did the man know about Mark Smith’ s new show? A. From a podcast. B. From a friend. C. From a TV program. 9. What does the man think Mark Smith is good at? A. Storytelling. B. Delivery. C. Timing. 10. What does the man want to do? A. Watch an interview. B. Write an article. C. Borrow a magazine. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. Why did the man go to Nigeria? A. To study. B. To volunteer. C. To see wildlife. 12. What bothered the man most in Nigeria? A. The local language. B. The hot weather. C. The accommodation. 13. Which aspect of body language did the man find strange in Nigeria? A. Eye contact. B. Hand gestures. C. Facial expressions. 听第9段录音，回答第14至16题 14. How does the man sound at the beginning of the conversation? A. Bored. B. Funny. C. Curious. 15. What impresses the woman about Billy Connolly? A. His body language. B. His everyday topics. C. His choice of words. 16. What will the man do next Saturday? A. Write jokes B. Make a video. C. Attend a comedy event. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题 17. What did the speaker talk about first during the course? A. His best jokes. B. His personal experiences. C. His favorite comedians. 18. How did the young woman react when the speaker told a joke? A. She laughed out loud. B. She ignored him C. She interacted with him. 19. What did the teacher do after the students came back? A. She gave a performance. B. She watched their videos. C. She practiced with them. 20. What was the speaker’s problem when he told a joke? A. He kept his voice unchanged. B. He failed to look at the audience. C. He laughed after finishing his joke. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Youth DIY Skills — Four-Week Course £140.00 Join us for a special four-week course aimed at young people age 10-16 who are keen to learn beginner DIY and woodworking skills. ★Course runs for 4 weeks with one session (节) per week. ★Each session is 1.5 hours. What is the Ash & Co DIY Skills Course for Children? This course is designed for teens and pre-teens who are looking for an in-depth introduction to DIY and woodworking skills. Over the four weeks we will cover all the basics to get started as a maker, including using saws, hammers, and drills (钻头). You will put these tools to practical use, ending with making your own bench hook (工作台挡板) that will be yours to keep. This course is only for young people who are truly interested in learning woodworking skills. We will be using real “adult” tools, and while this will be done safely and with full instruction, there will be no room for kids who mess around in this course! What woodworking and DIY skills will children learn? Week One: Learn how to saw, measure, mark and use wood glue. Discover how to hold wood safely. Practise sawing wood. Week Two: Learn how to use hammers and nails properly to attach pieces together. Shape wood using rasps (锉刀) and use these two new skills to make a small take-home project. Week Three: Learn all about drills and how to use them. Get hands-on and make lots of holes! Week Four: Bring all your new skills together to make your own bench hook — yours to keep and use on your woodworking journey. 1. How many hours does this course take in total? A. 1.5. B. 3. C. 4.5. D. 6. 2. What is a requirement for the learners? A. Bringing their own tools. B. Being at least 16 years old. C. Taking the course seriously. D. Having experience with DIY. 3. What will children learn in the third week? A. Drilling holes in wood. B. Shaping wood with rasps. C. Cutting and measuring wood. D. Creating their own bench hook. B The little girl I tutor (辅导) threw her pencil down in frustration and defeat. That was my cue. I rushed to the whiteboard and started copying down the math problem. I guided her step by step through the solution, going back whenever I saw confusion on her face. After I explained, she turned back to the paper and tried again. She solved it! She defeated the problem! We got up from our chairs and celebrated the hard-earned victory. We played games as a reward. When I first started tutoring the young girl last summer, I didn’t understand how to prevent her stress from difficult math problems or bring out her confidence in writing. I pushed her to do one math problem after another and write numerous essays. Our sessions first started with many tears and frustrated screaming, but soon I started to understand how to approach the situation. Every time anything was finished, big or small, we celebrated. We started to take breaks between each worksheet and saw each problem we dealt with as something extraordinary. I brought her small rewards. She started feeling proud of herself for every challenge she fought. It became second nature for me to jump up in excitement with her and play board games every couple of minutes. It not only changed her attitude towards learning but also started to affect me as well. I used to be afraid of going home after tutoring her because it meant dealing with lots of homework, but slowly all the work has started to seem less frightening. I began allowing myself breaks between hour-long study sessions. Each paragraph written for a paper was significant and every math problem solved was an improvement. I stopped being so hard on myself and started encouraging myself with rewards. As a result, I’ve found myself less stressed and actually enjoying the things I do. I’m proud of every achievement. The girl I tutor has taught me lessons far greater than any math problem I could teach her: to celebrate the little things and love to learn. 4. What does the underlined word “cue” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Description. B. Signal. C. Situation. D. Issue. 5. What did the author do when she first tutored the girl? A. She offered her small prizes. B. She made her do lots of tasks. C. She taught her through games. D. She inspired her to ask questions. 6. How did the author use to feel after tutoring? A. Proud. B. Surprised. C. Disappointed. D. Anxious. 7. What did the author learn from her tutoring experience? A. Knowledge is power. B. Practice makes perfect. C. Material rewards matter a lot. D. Small progress should be valued. C Ants are many things. They’re hard workers and highly social. They’re quite strong for their size. And now they may also be a source of architectural inspiration too — for designing spaces that reduce the spread of disease. This discovery comes from a new study focused on Metarhizium brunneum (Mb), a common and deadly fungus (真菌) for insects, including the black garden ant. For this fungus to increase, it kills its host, taking over the host ant’s dead body and changing it into a spore-producing (生产孢子的) factory. “It’s basically completely covered in spores and is highly infectious (传染的).” says Nathalle Stroeymeyt, a behavioral ecologist. In 2018, Stroeymeyț and her workmates found that infected workers quickly stayed away from the nest to protect their nestmates. In addition, some of the healthy ants — the nurses that take care of the queen, eggs and the young — increased their distance from the foragers, which are the ones who work outside and face higher risks. Stroeymeyt wondered if the ants were making bigger changes — by changing the spaces they shared. So Stroeymeyt teamed up with Luke Leckie, a systems biologist, to investigate whether the ants could change how they dug and built their nests when threatened by the dangerous fungus. To determine the impact of infection on nest architecture, Leckie gave small groups of black garden ants a day to start building their nests. Then, in half of the nests, they introduced individual ants infected with the fungus. Over six days, they used CT imaging to view the 3D constructs of the nests. Results showed clear differences. Nests with infected ants had more separated rooms and fewer connections between passages. Entrances were built farther apart, and pathways became longer. Computer tests further confirmed that these changes effectively reduced the risk of the disease spreading. Although these changes made movement less effective, they helped stop the disease from spreading through the ant group. So perhaps one day, humans will benefit from this idea of architectural immunity (免疫), inspired not by antibodies-but by ant bodies. 8. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. How Mb spreads. B. The formation of spores. C. How ants fight against the fungus. D. The breakdown of dead ant bodies. 9. What was the purpose of Stroeymeyt and Leckie’s experiment? A. To study how infected ants affected nest architecture. B. To find out if ants could sense dangers around their nest. C. To observe how ants built nests under normal conditions. D. To check if infected ants dug and built nests effectively. 10. What is a feature of the nests with infected ants? A. Wider pathways. B. Closer entrances. C. Shortened room distances. D. Reduced passage connections. 11. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Architectural immunity works like antibodies. B. Human buildings will soon follow ant-inspired designs. C. Ants’ nest-adjusting may inspire human disease prevention. D. Architectural immunity will soon become a key research topic. D Shen Kuo of China’s Northern Song Dynasty made significant contributions to early scientific thinking through his work Dream Pool Essays. Among his many investigations, Shen recorded a series of observations about environmental and geological phenomena that suggest an awareness of what we would now call climate variability. Though he did not advance a theory of climate change in the modern sense, he did describe climatic anomalies (反常现象) and long-term environmental and geological changes with remarkable insight (洞察力). One of the most notable examples of Shen Kuo’s insight is his account of fossilized (已成为化石的) bamboo discovered in the dry, northern region of Yanzhou, an area where bamboo could not then grow due to cold conditions. Shen thought that the region must have once experienced a warmer climate that could support such plants. This inference reflects key ideas later developed in the earth sciences. Shen’s work also reflects an appreciation for the role of long-term environmental processes in shaping the physical world. In a passage describing how heavy rains could cause landslides and change the course of rivers, he draws attention to the increasing power of slow-acting natural forces. Moreover, Shen often explored the question of human interaction with the environment. He recorded examples in which water-control projects, cutting or burning down trees, and farming practices seemed to affect local natural conditions. His awareness that human actions could worsen flooding, damage the quality of soil, or cause small changes in climate shows an early understanding of how people can influence the natural environment. Shen Kuo’s Dream Pool Essays thus offers a valuable pre-modern insight into environmental variability. His descriptions of past climate conditions, geological time, and landscape changes related to human activities place him among thinkers who have questioned the constancy (恒定性) of nature. For modern historians of climate science, Shen Kuo represents a significant voice from outside Western culture and a reminder that people recognized climatic change long before the industrial age. 12. How did Shen Kuo conduct his scientific investigations? A. By studying early scientific works. B. By working on reasonable assumptions. C. By observing and documenting changes. D. By comparing and testing existing theories. 13. What did Shen Kuo try to illustrate by mentioning fossilized bamboo? A. The limitations of plant adaptability. B. The early efforts in biology research. C. The extinction of ancient plant species. D. The changes in regional climate conditions. 14. How did Shen Kuo view natural forces? A. Their effects built up slowly over time. B. They did more good than harm to humans. C. Their regular patterns were hard to break. D. They were misunderstood by ancient people. 15. What is the significance of Dream Pool Essays? A. It connects climate with human activities. B. It presents a pre-modern view on environmental change. C. It shows China’s early role in global climate research. D. It stresses traditional Chinese approaches to climate science. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The experience of coming to university is just as important for you as the degree you earn when you graduate. ____16____ One option you might be interested in is vlogging (制作视频博客). A vlog is basically a written blog presented in video format. Think of it as your own TV show, typically featuring you as the main star. ____17____ They can be posted publicly or kept private. There are plenty of reasons to start a vlog at university, but it’s mainly about finding a format that benefits you and enriches your journey. Don’t focus too much on what other vloggers are doing. ____18____ Documenting your journey through university can be helpful. Firstly, it will show others what kind of difficulties they may face before even starting their journey. ____19____ Since all of your family and friends will have the opportunity to see you at the same time, you can keep them all informed at one go. ____20____ It can help fight the fear of public speaking. The more videos you make, the more confident you become. Eventually, public speaking will become easier for you, opening up new opportunities for you in your university and working life. On top of this, the more videos you create, the more you may need to edit them. This could include trimming clips (剪辑片断), adding sound effects and possibly some text as well. It may seem frightening, but you will develop a new skill in time that may benefit you in the future. A. Videos can be as short or as long as you like. B. Instead, find a style that suits you and stick to it. C. Vlogging can also help your growth as a professional. D. In addition, it will be a good diary for you to rewatch later on. E. The equipment you need will depend on the type of vlog you want to create. F. It’s a period of personal growth, and documenting it can bring many benefits. G. Secondly, it will show your family and friends what it’s like living away from home. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Before I was born, my father toured the U.S. by motorcycle. He chose cloth patches (布贴) as his souvenirs because they were inexpensive and reflective of the places he’d ____21____ — not to mention small and lightweight, which was important given how little ____22____ he had in his motorcycle’s saddlebags (挂包). Throughout my childhood, he looked for patches to ____23____ his collection everywhere we went. I picked up the ____24____ at age 18 and still seek out patches today. I currently have a camera bag and a jacket covered in patches. Using these items makes me ____25____ because they remind me of past travels, and they’re a great conversation piece. Because they become ____26____ items, they’re not going to end up in a landfill (垃圾填埋场) anytime soon. My ____27____ on collecting patches also saves me money when I travel. They’re generally ____28____. When I buy a patch, I’m less likely to spend money on pricey clothes. Not every place sells patches, however. When that ____29____, I turn to DIY souvenirs — ____30____, some of the best souvenirs aren’t bought; they`re ____31____. Many places allow me to learn how to blow glass or create other items as part of the ____32____. I can then ____33____ these unique pieces with my friends back home. Taking a mindful approach to souvenirs is important. The ____34____ souvenirs will bring a smile to your face without any bad consequences, and you`ll be content with ____35____ eco-friendly options. 21. A. identified B. promoted C. visited D. marked 22. A. clothing B. food C. money D. space 23. A. put away B. add to C. learn from D. show off 24. A. habit B. task C. trade D. conversation 25. A. attractive B. special C. busy D. happy 26. A. small B. useful C. pretty D. familiar 27. A. lesson B. impact C. focus D. comment 28. A. acceptable B. suitable C. noticeable D. affordable 29. A. improves B. happens C. matters D. repeats 30. A. after all B. in return C. above all D. for example 31. A. mixed B. found C. made D. ordered 32. A. tradition B. contribution C. research D. experience 33. A. expect B. prepare C. share D. compare 34. A. right B. safe C. usual D. funny 35. A. imagining B. selecting C. counting D. rating 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5.分，满分15.分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What could cities of the future look like? How will they sustain (供养) growing populations? Could they even float on water? These are the questions students from across New Mexico are dealing with in the yearly Future City Competition. ____36____ (organize) by Sandia National Laboratories, the event is part of a national program ____37____ encourages middle school students to imagine, design and build sustainable future cities that are ____38____ (innovate), safe and secure. This year, students from 18 schools are participating. The winning team will compete in the national competition in February in Washington, D. C. “It is fantastic to see the ____39____ (grow) in participation from New Mexico schools over the years, not only in ____40____ number of schools but also in the diversity of New Mexico ____41____ (location),” said regional coordinator (协调员) Junko Mondragon. Sandia ____42____ (host) this competition for more than 10 years to promote STEM education and inspire middle schoolers ____43____ (explore) STEM fields. “It’s nice to see that some New Mexico educators have integrated this competition into their main science curriculum,” said Amy Sun, Future City educator coordinator ____44____ Sandia systems engineer. “They are teaching students how our environment impacts city planning and safe living.” Volunteers from Sandia serve a number of roles in the competition, such as ____45____ (provide) workshops and talks or serving as advisors, judges or coordinators. 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，最近你校计划开展“国家公园保护”主题教育活动，需收集国内外的优秀保护案例。你的英国朋友Leo曾多次参与国外的环保公益活动。请你给Leo写一封邮件，请他提供案例，内容包括： (1)写邮件的目的； (2)具体要求； (3)期待回复。 注意：(1)写作词数应为80个左右；(2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Leo, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The basketball playoffs were at their height, and the air was thick with tension. Our team had battled through a series of tough games to reach this match. A loss here meant the end of our season. I first stepped onto the basketball court in sixth grade. I wasn’t born with natural athleticism, but my love for basketball burned brightly within me. I spent countless hours outside practicing. Days turned into weeks, and weeks into months. My shot gradually improved. By eighth grade, my hard work paid off. I made the school team and worked my way up to being a starter. I became the unofficial rebounder (篮板手) of the team. Although I couldn’t run as fast or jump as high as some of my more naturally gifted teammates, I never let that get me down. I believed that through hard work, I could achieve anything I set my mind to. As the playoff game entered its final moments, the situation was serious. There were only two seconds left on the clock, and we were down by one point. I found myself standing at the free-throw line, the weight of the game resting on my shoulders. If I made the first shot, I’d get a second chance. But if I lost, our season would be over. This was supposed to be my moment, the high point of all my years of effort. I was a good free-throw shooter, having practiced the shot thousands of times. I took a deep breath, focused, and threw the ball. Time seemed to slow down as the ball flew through the air. But then, disaster struck. The ball hit the rim and bounced (弹跳) off. Without a second’s hesitation, I jumped up for the rebound. I reached out my arms as far as I could, but to my disappointment, a player from the other team caught the rebound. The buzzer (蜂鸣器) sounded, and the game was over. 注意：(1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Our season was finished, and we were out of the playoffs. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then, the coach looked over the crowd and called out my name. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $