Unit 1 People of Achievement 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习-2026-2027学年高二英语选择性必修第一册（人教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦“People of Achievement”单元核心词汇与语法，通过词形转换、单句语法、语篇填空等模块，构建从基础词汇到语篇应用的递进训练体系，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单词变形|21题|词形转换（形-动-名/副等派生）|词汇派生规则（词根词缀逻辑）| |单句语法填空|20题|语法应用（词性/时态/从句连接词）|语法规则在单句语境中的应用| |单词拼写|10题|语境提示拼写核心词汇|词汇音形义结合记忆| |完成句子|10题|汉译英（固定句型/搭配）|句型结构与意义表达对应| |语法填空|2篇|语篇语法综合应用|词汇语法在语篇语境中的连贯运用|

Unit 1 People of Achievement 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 单词变形 1. adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→ vt. 承诺；保证(某个人、机构等)vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→ n. 投入；承诺 2． n. 结论；推论→ v. 下结论；得出结论 3． vt. 承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢→ n. 承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 4． adj. 温柔的；文静的→ adv. 温柔地；温和地 5． vt.&vi. (使)沸腾；煮开；烧开　n. 沸腾；沸点→ adj. 煮开的→ adj. 沸腾的 6． adj. 非凡的；显著的→ adv.惊人地→ v．&n. 谈论；评论 7． n. 结果；后果→ adj. 随之发生的；作为结果的→ adv. 结果；因此 8． vt. 评价；评估→ n. 评价；评估 9. adv. 显而易见；看来；显然→ adj. 显而易见的；明显的 10． adv. 逐渐地；逐步地→ adj. 逐渐的 11． vt. 分析→ n. 分析师；分析家→ n. 分析→(pl.) 12． adj. 科学(上)的；关于科学的→ adv. 合乎科学地→ n. 科学→ n. 科学家 13． adj. 清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→ adj. 独特的；特别的；有特色的→ n. 清楚；清晰 14． n. 理论；学说→ adj. 理论上的 15． n. 小说家→ n. (长篇)小说 16． n. 从政者；政治家；政客→ n. 政治→ adj. 与政治有关的 17． n. 相对论；相对性→ adj. 相对的 n. 亲戚→ v. 叙述；使有联系；有关联 18. vt. 推断；推定→ n. 推断；推论 19． n. 酷爱；激情→ adj. 热情的；狂热的 20． n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→ adj. 学业的；学术的→ adv. 学业上；学术上 21． n. 目标；目的　adj. 客观的→ n. 物体v. 反对→(反) adj. 主观的 一、单句语法填空 1． (science) advances in artificial intelligence have raised both hopes and concerns among experts. 2．It is vital (evaluate) the results before making a decision. 3．As he was building sunmao toys for his first child, Hao saw an opportunity and founded Qiaolin, which (gradual) gains a foothold in the toy market dominated by foreign brands like Lego. 4．What I really admire is the way she (acknowledge) recently that good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier, too! 5．He is a man full of (curious), always eager to explore new things. 6．The scientist’s new theory, which is based on years of research, is expected (change) people’s understanding of the universe. 7．The book written by the famous scientist is well worth (read). 8．She was awarded the Nobel Prize for her (contribute) to medical science. 9．When (ask) about his secret of success, the scientist said hard work was the key. 10．He is determined to commit (he) to the cause of education. 11．Though she has been teaching English for twenty years, she is still (passion) about teaching. 12．James, a (commit) conservationist, has devoted his life to fighting for a safer and cleaner planet. 13．They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written (sum) online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. 14．My sons, Liam and Patrick, love baking our family’s special Swedish bread, we make only once a year. 15．An expert in Chinese character culture has been invited to the campus, major responsibility is to teach students how to use the ancient printing technology. 16．To showcase the beauty of Chinese architecture, the game features over twenty scenes, temples and towers are modeled after Shanxi’s ancient buildings. 17．The first public hotline, is a tool for enhancing citizen participation and improving city management, started in London in 1937. 18．In ancient times, the pipa was a popular instrument among scholars and artists, many of wrote poems and music inspired by the pipa. 19．Scientists are transforming barren sands into productive land in China’s northwest, towns once moved away from advancing deserts, offering ecological and economic hope to local communities. 20．The Stone Age is the name given to the time over 2,000,000 years ago, life was very different from today. 二、单词拼写 21．He applied for a  ____________ (专利证书) for a new method of removing paint. 22．It is ________ (至关重要的) that we arrive at the opening ceremony on time. 23．He ________ (承诺) to finishing all the decorations before the festival. 24．From the conversation, we can ________ (推断) that Wang Le admires his father very much. 25．We looked up to the scientist as a shining example of devotion to the ________ (科学的) cause. 26．I couldn’t see Don, but as I approached the tractor he jumped out onto the road, ________ (显然地) unhurt, and dashed back to me. 27．They came to a ________ (结论) that it was a thief who had stolen their diamond necklace. 28．But one thing is certain: all people ________ (遇到) difficulties in their life. 29．The university is famous for its high ________(学术的) standards. 30．President Xi solemnly points out that under no __________ (条件，环境) does the nation submit to any invaders or enemies. 三、完成句子 31．那就是为什么我坚持认为长江之行将会是更好的选择。 That’s why I ________________ will be a better choice. 32．老师坚持要求我们每天背诵 10 个英语单词。 The teachers ________ ________ us reciting 10 English words every day. 33．你必须不断总结经验，提高工作效率。 It is necessary for you _______ ________ _______ constantly and improve the efficiency of your work. 34．Under no circumstances ________________ terrible things to other people. 在任何情况下我们都不应该对别人做可怕的事情。 35．He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end ________________ he had just received an electric shock. 他胡须浓密，头发又长又白，有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。 36．十年前，成千上万的人因那场大地震而失去了生命。 Ten years ago, thousands of people lost their lives ________________ the big earthquake. 37．Li Shizhen ________________ a famous pharmacist in Ming Dynasty. 李时珍是中国明代的一位著名医药学家。 38．________________, she found a substance that worked. 通过使用更低的温度萃取提取物后，她发现了一种有效物质。 39．Even in winter the roadsides were places of beauty, ______ countless birds came to ______ ______ the berries. 即使在冬天，路边也是美丽的地方，无数的鸟儿来这里吃浆果。 40．这个产品经久耐用。 This product can stand ________ _________ ________. 四、语法填空 （25-26高二上·福建厦门·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Zhong Nanshan, 1 is considered one of the most outstanding doctors in China, has made numerous contributions to our country. He is a courageous and kind figure 2 (love) by many people. This devoted and patient physician was born in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province in October, 1936. He 3 (commit) himself to caring for and treating patients ever since he graduated from Peking Medical School. In 2020, Wuhan 4 (encounter) COVID-19. What impressed us most was that this 84-year old man rushed to the first line without 5 (hesitate). Dangerous as it was, he and his team risked 6 (they) lives, working day and night to search for the treatment for the disease. Despite many 7 (fail), they never acknowledged defeat. Finally, the team succeeded in the fight against the disease, 8 (save) numerous lives. With their efforts, the spread was 9 control and our country got back on its feet. Doctor Zhong has won great respect 10 admiration from all the people and has been awarded the Medal of the Republic. （25-26高二上·河南郑州·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chen Ning Yang, a famous Chinese physicist and Nobel Prize winner, was known as one of the 1 (influential) scientists in the world. In 1957, Yang and another physicist, Tsung-Dao Lee, 2 (win) the Nobel Prize in Physics for their research on the law of parity. Their discovery helped people better understand elementary particles, the tiny parts that make up all matter. Born in 1922 in Anhui Province, Yang was the eldest of five children. Growing up on the campus of Tsinghua University, 3 his father taught mathematics, he developed 4 deep love for science. As a teenager, Yang once told his parents, “One day, I want to win the Nobel Prize.” 5 (remarkable), this dream came true at the age of 35. Having earned his bachelor’s degree in 1942 from the National Southwest Associated University in Kunming, Yang kept on 6 (complete) a master’s degree at Tsinghua. After the Sino-Japanese War, he went to the United States on a Tsinghua scholarship 7 studied at the University of Chicago under Enrico Fermi, who built the world’s first nuclear reactor. Throughout his long career, Yang devoted 8 (he) to many fields of physics, focusing especially 9 statistical mechanics and symmetry principles. It was not only the Nobel Prize that honored him; in 1957, he received the Albert Einstein Commemorative Award, and a year later, an honorary doctorate from Princeton University — a clear 10 (recognize) of his lifelong devotion to science. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 People of Achievement 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 单词变形 1.committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→commit vt. 承诺；保证(某个人、机构等)vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→commitment n. 投入；承诺 2．conclusion n. 结论；推论→conclude v. 下结论；得出结论 3．acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢→acknowledgment n. 承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 4．gentle adj. 温柔的；文静的→gently adv. 温柔地；温和地 5．boil vt.&vi. (使)沸腾；煮开；烧开　n. 沸腾；沸点→boiled adj. 煮开的→boiling adj. 沸腾的 6．remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的→remarkably adv.惊人地→remark v．&n. 谈论；评论 7．consequence n. 结果；后果→consequent adj. 随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv. 结果；因此 8．evaluate vt. 评价；评估→evaluation n. 评价；评估 9.apparently adv. 显而易见；看来；显然→apparent adj. 显而易见的；明显的 10．gradually adv. 逐渐地；逐步地→gradual adj. 逐渐的 11．analyse vt. 分析→analyst n. 分析师；分析家→ analysis n. 分析→(pl.) analyses 12．scientific adj. 科学(上)的；关于科学的→scientifically adv. 合乎科学地→science n. 科学→scientist n. 科学家 13．distinct adj. 清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→distinctive adj. 独特的；特别的；有特色的→distinction n. 清楚；清晰 14．theory n. 理论；学说→theoretical adj. 理论上的 15．novelist n. 小说家→novel n. (长篇)小说 16．politician n. 从政者；政治家；政客→politics n. 政治→political adj. 与政治有关的 17．relativity n. 相对论；相对性→relative adj. 相对的 n. 亲戚→relate v. 叙述；使有联系；有关联 18.infer vt. 推断；推定→inference n. 推断；推论 19．passion n. 酷爱；激情→passionate adj. 热情的；狂热的 20．academy n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→academic adj. 学业的；学术的→academically adv. 学业上；学术上 21．objective n. 目标；目的　adj. 客观的→object n. 物体v. 反对→(反)subjective adj. 主观的 一、单句语法填空 1． (science) advances in artificial intelligence have raised both hopes and concerns among experts. 【答案】Scientific 【详解】句意：人工智能领域的科学进步让专家们既满怀期待又心生担忧。修饰名词advances需用形容词，science的形容词形式为scientific“科学的”；Scientific advances“科学进步”，句首首字母大写。 2．It is vital (evaluate) the results before making a decision. 【答案】to evaluate 【详解】句意：在做出决定之前，评估结果至关重要。句中的it是形式主语，空格处应该用不定式形式to evaluate作真正的主语，构成固定句型“It+be+adj+to do something”，用于表达对某件事情的看法或评价。 3．As he was building sunmao toys for his first child, Hao saw an opportunity and founded Qiaolin, which (gradual) gains a foothold in the toy market dominated by foreign brands like Lego. 【答案】gradually 【详解】句意：在为第一个孩子制作榫卯玩具的过程中，郝看到了商机，创办了巧林公司。该公司在乐高（Lego）等外国品牌主导的玩具市场中逐渐站稳了脚跟。分析句子结构可知，空格修饰动词gains需用副词；gradual的副词形式为gradually，意为“逐渐地”。 4．What I really admire is the way she (acknowledge) recently that good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier, too! 【答案】has acknowledged 【详解】句意：我真正钦佩的是她最近承认健康不仅让我们更美丽，也让我们更快乐！ 根据句子结构，“the way”后接省略了关系词that的定语从句，从句主语she为第三人称单数，且时间状语recently表明动作发生在近期并对现在有影响，故从句应用现在完成时，助动词用has。 5．He is a man full of (curious), always eager to explore new things. 【答案】curiosity 【详解】考查名词。句意：他是一个充满好奇心的人，总是渴望探索新事物。根据空前的介词of可知，此处需用名词作宾语，curious为形容词，意为“好奇的”，其名词形式为curiosity，意为“好奇心”，为不可数名词。故填curiosity。 6．The scientist’s new theory, which is based on years of research, is expected (change) people’s understanding of the universe. 【答案】to change 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位科学家的新理论基于多年的研究，有望改变人们对宇宙的理解。根据固定用法be expected to do sth.意为“有望做某事；被期望做某事”可知，此处需用动词不定式形式作主语补足语。change为动词，意为“改变”，其动词不定式形式为to change。故填to change。 7．The book written by the famous scientist is well worth (read). 【答案】reading 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位著名科学家写的书很值得一读。根据固定结构“be worth doing sth.”意为“值得做某事”可知，此处需用动名词形式作宾语，主动形式表示被动意义。故填reading。 8．She was awarded the Nobel Prize for her (contribute) to medical science. 【答案】contributions 【详解】考查名词。句意：她因对医学科学的贡献而被授予诺贝尔奖。空处作宾语，前面有形容词性物主代词修饰，应填名词“contribution”，为可数名词，此处用复数形式表示“贡献”。故填contributions。 9．When (ask) about his secret of success, the scientist said hard work was the key. 【答案】asked 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及成功的秘诀时，这位科学家说努力工作是关键。此处是when引导的时间状语从句的省略，从句主语也是the scientist，和ask之间是被动关系，故从句的完整形式是When he was asked about his secret of success，当状语从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有be动词时，可将从句主语和be动词省略。故填asked。 10．He is determined to commit (he) to the cause of education. 【答案】himself 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：他决心献身于教育事业。作宾语，和主语he为同一主体，用反身代词，“commit oneself to...”是固定短语，意为“致力于；献身于”。故填himself。 11．Though she has been teaching English for twenty years, she is still (passion) about teaching. 【答案】passionate 【详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然她教英语已经二十年了，但她仍然对教学充满热情。根据空前的“is still”可知，空处需用形容词作表语，passion的形容词形式是passionate，意为“热情的”，be passionate about为固定短语，意为“对……充满热情”。故填passionate。 12．James, a (commit) conservationist, has devoted his life to fighting for a safer and cleaner planet. 【答案】committed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：詹姆斯是一位坚定的环保主义者，他一生都在为一个更安全、更清洁的地球而奋斗。此处为形容词committed作定语修饰名词。故填committed。 13．They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written (sum) online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. 【答案】summary 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们调查了数百名公园游客，要求他们在网上提交一份书面总结，描述他们在公园里与大自然有意义的互动。空处作宾语，前面有不定冠词a修饰，故用名词单数形式，故填summary。 14．My sons, Liam and Patrick, love baking our family’s special Swedish bread, we make only once a year. 【答案】which 【详解】句意：我的儿子Liam和Patrick喜欢烘焙我们家特有的瑞典面包，这种面包我们一年只做一次。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为bread（指物），且关系词在从句中作make的宾语，用which引导。 15．An expert in Chinese character culture has been invited to the campus, major responsibility is to teach students how to use the ancient printing technology. 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：一位汉字文化专家被邀请到校园，其主要责任是教学生如何使用古代印刷技术。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作定语，与major responsibility为所属关系，应用whose引导。 16．To showcase the beauty of Chinese architecture, the game features over twenty scenes, temples and towers are modeled after Shanxi’s ancient buildings. 【答案】where 【详解】句意：为了展示中国建筑之美，游戏中有20多个场景，其中的寺庙和塔是仿照山西古代建筑设计的。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为scenes，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用where引导。 17．The first public hotline, is a tool for enhancing citizen participation and improving city management, started in London in 1937. 【答案】which 【详解】句意：首个公共热线于1937年在伦敦启用，它是提升公民参与度、优化城市管理的工具。“______ is a tool for enhancing citizen participation and improving city management”为非限制性定语从句，先行词是The first public hotline，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 18．In ancient times, the pipa was a popular instrument among scholars and artists, many of wrote poems and music inspired by the pipa. 【答案】whom 【详解】句意：在古代，琵琶在学者和艺术家中是一种流行的乐器，他们中的许多人以琵琶为灵感来源创作诗歌和音乐。此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句修饰scholars and artists（指人），设空处作介词的宾语，应用关系代词whom。 19．Scientists are transforming barren sands into productive land in China’s northwest, towns once moved away from advancing deserts, offering ecological and economic hope to local communities. 【答案】where 【详解】句意：在中国西北部，城镇曾经因沙漠推进而搬迁，科学家们正将不毛沙地改造为良田，这为当地社区带来了生态与经济希望。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为China’s northwest（指地点），关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以此处使用关系副词where。 20．The Stone Age is the name given to the time over 2,000,000 years ago, life was very different from today. 【答案】when 【详解】句意：石器时代是指两百多万年前的一段时期，那时的生活与现在截然不同。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the time，且关系词在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导。 二、单词拼写 21．He applied for a  ____________ (专利证书) for a new method of removing paint. 【答案】patent 【详解】句意：他为一种去除油漆的新方法申请了专利。根据a可知此处用名词，结合所给汉语可知答案为patent。 22．It is ________ (至关重要的) that we arrive at the opening ceremony on time. 【答案】vital 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们准时参加开幕式至关重要。空处作表语，形容词vital“至关重要的”符合题意。故填vital。 23．He ________ (承诺) to finishing all the decorations before the festival. 【答案】committed 【详解】考查动词。句意：他承诺在节日前完成所有装饰工作。表示“承诺”用动词commit，作谓语，陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填committed。 24．From the conversation, we can ________ (推断) that Wang Le admires his father very much. 【答案】infer 【详解】考查动词。句意：从对话中，我们可以推断出王乐非常钦佩他的父亲。根据汉语提示“推断”可知，本空用动词infer，情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填infer。 25．We looked up to the scientist as a shining example of devotion to the ________ (科学的) cause. 【答案】scientific 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们尊敬这位科学家，认为他是献身于科学事业的光辉榜样。根据汉语提示“科学的”可知，空处需要形容词scientific，在句中作定语，修饰名词cause。故填scientific。 26．I couldn’t see Don, but as I approached the tractor he jumped out onto the road, ________ (显然地) unhurt, and dashed back to me. 【答案】apparently 【详解】考查副词。句意：我看不见Don，但当我靠近拖拉机时，他跳到了路上，显然没有受伤，然后朝我冲了过来。根据汉语提示“显然地”可知，空格处应用副词apparently，作状语，修饰形容词unhurt。故填apparently。 27．They came to a ________ (结论) that it was a thief who had stolen their diamond necklace. 【答案】conclusion 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们得出结论：是一个小偷偷走了他们的钻石项链。根据空前不定冠词a和汉语提示“结论”可知，空处应填可数名词单数形式conclusion，作宾语，“come to a conclusion”是固定搭配，意为“得出结论”。故填conclusion。 28．But one thing is certain: all people ________ (遇到) difficulties in their life. 【答案】encounter 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：但有一件事是确定的：所有人一生中都会遇到困难。根据汉语提示，空处应填入表示“遇到”之意的动词，可用encounter，在句中作谓语，描述习惯性经常性动作应用一般现在时，主语为复数，用encounter即可。故填encounter。 29．The university is famous for its high ________(学术的) standards. 【答案】academic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这所大学因其高标准的学术水平而闻名。根据汉语提示可知用形容词academic，作定语修饰名词standards。故填academic。 30．President Xi solemnly points out that under no __________ (条件，环境) does the nation submit to any invaders or enemies. 【答案】circumstances 【详解】考查名词。句意：习主席郑重指出，在任何情况下，国家都不会向任何侵略者或敌人屈服。此处为名词作介词“under”的宾语，根据汉语提示“条件，环境”，对应的名词是circumstance，under no circumstances为固定搭配，意为“无论如何都不、在任何情况下都不”，该短语置于句首时句子需用部分倒装。故填circumstances。 三、完成句子 31．那就是为什么我坚持认为长江之行将会是更好的选择。 That’s why I ________________ will be a better choice. 【答案】insist that the trip along the Yangtze River 【详解】表示“坚持认为”用动词insist，句子时态是一般现在时，主语为I，谓语使用原形insist；后接that引导的宾语从句引出观点内容；“长江之行”译为 the trip along the Yangtze River，作宾语从句的主语。 32．老师坚持要求我们每天背诵 10 个英语单词。 The teachers ________ ________ us reciting 10 English words every day. 【答案】 insist on 【详解】考查动词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“坚持要求”，应用动词短语insist on，后接动名词形式作宾语；此处描述的是一般性的事实，句子时态应用一般现在时，主语The teachers是复数，所以insist用原形。故填insist on。 33．你必须不断总结经验，提高工作效率。 It is necessary for you _______ ________ _______ constantly and improve the efficiency of your work. 【答案】 to sum up 【详解】考查非谓语动词。空处表示“总结”用短语sum up，句中使用句型“It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”，其中It为形式主语，空处为真正主语，用不定式结构to sum up。故填①to②sum③up。 34．Under no circumstances ________________ terrible things to other people. 在任何情况下我们都不应该对别人做可怕的事情。 【答案】should we do 【详解】考查倒装句。under no circumstances意为“决不”，表示否定含义，当否定词提前放到句首时，句子应使用部分倒装语序，即将助动词should放于主语we之前，构成should we do。故填should we do。 35．He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end ________________ he had just received an electric shock. 他胡须浓密，头发又长又白，有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。 【答案】as though 【详解】考查状语从句。表示“好像”应用as though，引导方式状语从句。故填as though。 36．十年前，成千上万的人因那场大地震而失去了生命。 Ten years ago, thousands of people lost their lives ________________ the big earthquake. 【答案】as a consequence of/ in consequence of 【详解】考查介词短语。表示“因为，由于”短语为as a consequence of或in consequence of。故填as a consequence of/ in consequence of。 37．Li Shizhen ________________ a famous pharmacist in Ming Dynasty. 李时珍是中国明代的一位著名医药学家。 【答案】was known as 【详解】考查固定短语。此处结合语境理解为“被认为是……”应用be known as，根据后文in Ming Dynasty.可知为一般过去时，主语为李时珍，谓语用单数。故填was known as。 38．________________, she found a substance that worked. 通过使用更低的温度萃取提取物后，她发现了一种有效物质。 【答案】Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract 【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词短语。“使用更低的温度萃取提取物”翻译为use a lower temperature to draw out the extract，其中不定式作目的状语；根据空格后的逗号可知，空格处应该用非谓语形式作状语，动词use与句子的主语she之间是主动关系，所以use应该用现在分词形式作状语。故填Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract。 39．Even in winter the roadsides were places of beauty, ______ countless birds came to ______ ______ the berries. 即使在冬天，路边也是美丽的地方，无数的鸟儿来这里吃浆果。 【答案】 where feed on 【详解】考查定语从句和动词短语。第一空为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，在从句中作状语，所以使用关系副词，先行词places指的是地方，所以使用关系副词where；结合句意和题干中留置的两个空格可知，此处应为动词短语feed on，意为“以……为食”符合句意，第二空位于不定式符号to之后，所以此处使用动词原形。故填①where②feed③on。 40．这个产品经久耐用。 This product can stand ________ _________ ________. 【答案】 wear and tear 【详解】考查名词短语。对比中英文可知，空处和空前的stand搭配，表示“经久耐用”，可用名词短语wear and tear，意为“（正常使用造成的）磨损，损耗”。故填①wear；②and；③tear。 四、语法填空 （25-26高二上·福建厦门·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Zhong Nanshan, 1 is considered one of the most outstanding doctors in China, has made numerous contributions to our country. He is a courageous and kind figure 2 (love) by many people. This devoted and patient physician was born in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province in October, 1936. He 3 (commit) himself to caring for and treating patients ever since he graduated from Peking Medical School. In 2020, Wuhan 4 (encounter) COVID-19. What impressed us most was that this 84-year old man rushed to the first line without 5 (hesitate). Dangerous as it was, he and his team risked 6 (they) lives, working day and night to search for the treatment for the disease. Despite many 7 (fail), they never acknowledged defeat. Finally, the team succeeded in the fight against the disease, 8 (save) numerous lives. With their efforts, the spread was 9 control and our country got back on its feet. Doctor Zhong has won great respect 10 admiration from all the people and has been awarded the Medal of the Republic. 【答案】 1．who 2．loved 3．has committed 4．encountered 5．hesitation 6．their 7．failures 8．saving 9．under 10．and 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了钟南山院士的生平事迹及他对抗击新冠肺炎疫情所做出的巨大贡献。 1．考查定语从句。句意：钟南山被认为是中国最杰出的医生之一，他为我们的国家做出了无数贡献。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Zhong Nanshan，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：他是一个勇敢善良的人，深受许多人的喜爱。本句已有谓语动词is，love应用非谓语动词形式，love和逻辑主语figure之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动，作定语。故填loved。 3．考查时态。句意：自从他从北京医学院毕业后，他一直致力于照顾和治疗病人。commit himself to“投身于”。本空在句中作谓语，根据时间状语ever since he graduated from Peking Medical School可知，主句用现在完成时，表示从过去持续到现在的动作，主语是He，助动词用has。故填has committed。 4．考查时态。句意：2020年，武汉遭遇了新冠肺炎疫情。本空在句中作谓语，根据时间状语In 2020可知，句子描述的是过去的情况，时态用一般过去时，谓语用encounter“遇见”的过去式。故填encountered。 5．考查名词。句意：最让我们印象深刻的是，这位84岁的老人毫不犹豫地奔赴一线。本空作介词without的宾语，用名词hesitation“犹豫”。故填hesitation。 6．考查代词。句意：尽管很危险，他和他的团队冒着生命危险，日夜工作，寻找治疗这种疾病的方法。本空修饰名词lives，应用形容词性物主代词their，表示“他们的”。故填their。 7．考查名词的数。句意：尽管有许多失败，他们从未承认失败。本空在句中作介词Despite的宾语，应用名词failure，表示“失败的事”，根据many可知，用复数形式。故填failures。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，团队成功地战胜了疾病，拯救了无数生命。本句已有谓语动词succeeded，save“拯救”应用非谓语动词形式，save和逻辑主语the team之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填saving。 9．考查介词。句意：在他们的努力下，疫情得到了控制，我们的国家重新站了起来。固定搭配under control“处于控制之下”。故填under。 10．考查连词。句意：钟医生赢得了全国人民的尊敬和钦佩，并被授予共和国勋章。respect和admiration之间是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 （25-26高二上·河南郑州·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chen Ning Yang, a famous Chinese physicist and Nobel Prize winner, was known as one of the 1 (influential) scientists in the world. In 1957, Yang and another physicist, Tsung-Dao Lee, 2 (win) the Nobel Prize in Physics for their research on the law of parity. Their discovery helped people better understand elementary particles, the tiny parts that make up all matter. Born in 1922 in Anhui Province, Yang was the eldest of five children. Growing up on the campus of Tsinghua University, 3 his father taught mathematics, he developed 4 deep love for science. As a teenager, Yang once told his parents, “One day, I want to win the Nobel Prize.” 5 (remarkable), this dream came true at the age of 35. Having earned his bachelor’s degree in 1942 from the National Southwest Associated University in Kunming, Yang kept on 6 (complete) a master’s degree at Tsinghua. After the Sino-Japanese War, he went to the United States on a Tsinghua scholarship 7 studied at the University of Chicago under Enrico Fermi, who built the world’s first nuclear reactor. Throughout his long career, Yang devoted 8 (he) to many fields of physics, focusing especially 9 statistical mechanics and symmetry principles. It was not only the Nobel Prize that honored him; in 1957, he received the Albert Einstein Commemorative Award, and a year later, an honorary doctorate from Princeton University — a clear 10 (recognize) of his lifelong devotion to science. 【答案】 1．most influential 2．won 3．where 4．a 5．Remarkably 6．completing 7．and 8．himself 9．on 10．recognition 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了著名华裔物理学家、诺贝尔奖得主杨振宁的生平事迹、学术成就及所获荣誉，展现了他对物理学界的杰出贡献。 1．考查形容词最高级。句意：他被认为是世界上最具影响力的科学家之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”为固定结构，表示“最……之一”，influential的最高级形式为most influential。故填most influential。 2．考查动词时态。句意：1957年，杨振宁与另一位物理学家李政道因对宇称定律的研究共同获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。根据时间状语In 1957可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，win的过去式为won。故填won。 3．考查定语从句。句意：他在清华大学的校园里长大，他的父亲在那里教数学，在成长过程中，他对科学产生了浓厚的兴趣。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Tsinghua University，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故填where。 4．考查冠词。句意：他在清华大学的校园里长大，他的父亲在那里教数学，在成长过程中，他对科学产生了浓厚的兴趣。develop a love for...为固定搭配，表示“对……产生热爱”，deep是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 5．考查副词。句意：值得注意的是，这个梦想在他35岁时实现了。空格处修饰整个句子，作状语，需用副词形式，remarkable的副词为remarkably，句首首字母大写。故填Remarkably。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：1942年，杨振宁从昆明国立西南联合大学获得学士学位后，继续在清华大学攻读硕士学位。keep on doing sth.为固定搭配，表示“继续做某事”，所以此处用complete的动名词形式completing。故填completing。 7．考查连词。句意：抗日战争结束后，他凭借清华大学的奖学金前往美国，并在芝加哥大学师从恩里科·费米，费米建造了世界上第一座核反应堆。空格前后为两个并列的谓语动词went和studied，表示顺承关系，所以用连词and。故填and。 8．考查反身代词。句意：在漫长的职业生涯中，杨振宁致力于物理学的多个领域，尤其专注于统计力学和对称原理。devote oneself to...为固定搭配，表示“致力于……”，主语为Yang，对应的反身代词为himself。故填himself。 9．考查介词。句意：在漫长的职业生涯中，杨振宁致力于物理学的多个领域，尤其专注于统计力学和对称原理。focus on...为固定搭配，表示“专注于……”，所以此处用介词on。故填on。 10．考查名词。句意：不仅是诺贝尔奖表彰了他；1957年，他获得了阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦纪念奖，一年后，又获得了普林斯顿大学的荣誉博士学位——这是对他毕生致力于科学事业的明确认可。空格处前有不定冠词a和形容词clear修饰，需用名词形式，recognize的名词为recognition。故填recognition。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $