Unit 4 Hands-on fun（复习课件）英语新教材译林版八年级上册

该初中英语课件针对人教版七年级上Unit 4“Hands-on fun”主题进行单元复习，系统梳理核心词汇、短语、句型及语法知识，通过知识图谱分类呈现动词、名词、形容词等单词及词形变化规则，结合教材例句与即时训练串联考点，构建“词汇-短语-句型-语法”的完整知识网络。 其亮点在于采用“目标导向-分层训练”复习策略，主题写作引导学生用First/Next/Then等连接词有序描述制作过程，培养语言表达与逻辑思维能力，综合训练包含单项选择、适当形式填空等分层练习，满足不同学生需求，有效提升学习能力，助力教师精准把握学情，高效开展复习教学。

人教版·七年级上（新教材） Unit 4 Hands-on fun 单元复习 Unit 4 Hands-on fun 复习目标 知识图谱 考点串讲 单元语法 主题写作 综合训练 CONTNETS 听: 听懂关于DIY的材料，并且了解如何进行DIY。 说: 谈论关于DIY的经历，以及进行DIY的相关建议。 读: 读懂描述DIY的故事，以及对此的相关建议和所作的努力。 看: 通过看图片，了解关于做DIY的过程及对此的相关建议和所作的努力。 写: 写日记，记录和描述DIY活动的短文。 复习目标 知识图谱 Fun Clubs 短语 动词 名词 形容词 tie, untie, dry, reduce, 单词 句型 it is adj for sb to do sth.…… make sth with …, stop doing sth, had better do sth, 语法 祈使句， 用should 和 had better 提建议 写作 DIY activity complete, crazy, born, unlucky, surprised, impossible, dangerous, usual, be crazy about, fill … with…, in a mess, catch one’s eyes, not only… but also … mooncake, shelf, rose, tape, glue, mistake, brush, …… 1.__________ n. 月饼 mooncake 2.______ n. ( pl. shelves) 架子 shelf 3._____ n. 玫瑰(花) rose 4._____ n. 胶带 vt. 用胶带粘贴 tape 5._____ n. 胶，胶水 vt. (用胶水)黏合，粘贴 glue 6._____ vt. 折叠 fold 7._________ adj. 完成，结束；全部的 complete 8.______ adj. 狂热的；迷恋的 crazy 9._____ adj. 天生的 born 10.__________ n. (pl. handymen) 手巧的人 handyman 11.________ n. 错误 mistake 12._____ n. 管道，管子 pipe 13.________ adj. 不幸的，不顺利的 unlucky 14.________ adv. 反而 instead 15._______ n. 课程 course 16.______ n. 杂乱，不整洁 mess 17.______ n. 灯 lamp 18._________ vt. 使惊奇，使感到意外 surprise 19.___________ adj. 不可能的 impossible 20._______ adv. 几乎，差不多，将近 nearly 21.____ n. 金属容器，塑料容器 can 22.___________ adv. & pron. 到处 everywhere 23.______ n. 粉笔 chalk 24.______ n. 标记；分数 mark 25.______ n. 刷子；画笔 brush 26._____________ n. ( pl. ) 用法说明 instructions 27.__________ adj. 危险的 dangerous 28.______ adj. 通常的，寻常的 usual 29.________ vt. 扎染(织物) tie-dye 30.________ n. 方法 method 31.______ vt. 使扭曲，使弯曲 twist 32.______ n. 布料，织物 cloth 33.____ vt. ( 用线、绳等)系，拴，绑，捆 tie 34._______ n. 线 thread 35.____ vt. 给……染色，染 n. 染料，染液 dye 36.______ vt. 解开 untie 37.________ n. 产品 product 38._________ n. 作坊 workshop 39.________ n. 图案；模式 pattern 40._________ n. 衣服，服装 clothing 41._____ n. 卷；管 roll 42._______ vt. & vi. 减少 reduce 43.______ n. 浪费；废料 waste 44.____ n. 乐趣；高兴 joy 45._______ n. 理由，原因 reason 46._______ n. 结果，后果 result 47.______ n. 手套 glove 48._______ n. 纽扣；按钮 button 1.___________(n. 架子) 变f为v加es → ___________(复数) shelf shelves 2.___________[v. 生(孩子)] → ___________(adj. 天生的) bear born 3.___________(n. 手巧的人) → ___________(复数) handyman handymen 4.___________un-(否定前缀) + (adj. 幸运的) → ___________(adj. 不幸的，不顺利的) lucky unlucky 5.___________un-(否定前缀) + (vt. 系；拴) → ___________(vt. 解开) tie untie 6.___________im-(否定前缀) + (adj. 可能的) → ___________(adj. 不可能的) possible impossible 7.___________(adj. 近的) → ___________(adv. 几乎，差不多，将近) near nearly 8.___________(n. 危险) + -ous(形容词后缀) → ___________(adj. 危险的) danger dangerous 1. 动手活动 ________________________________ hands-on activities 2. 在……中受欢迎 _______________________________ be popular among 3. 组装；拼凑 ___________________________ put together 4. 制作纸玫瑰 _______________________________ make paper roses 5. 热衷于 _____________________________ be crazy about 6. 一个天生手巧的人 _______________________________ a born handyman 7. 犯错误 _____________________________ make a mistake 8. 停电 _________________________ power cut 9. 张贴；搭建 ______________________ put up 10. 使……充满 ________________________ fill...with 11. 独自 _________________________ by oneself 12. 乱七八糟 ________________________ in a mess 13. 引起某人注意 _____________________________ catch one's eye 14. 参加线上DIY课程 ______________________________________ take an online DIY course 15. 也；还 _______________________ as well 16. 制作一个架子 ___________________________ make a shelf 17. 玩得开心 ________________________ have fun 18. 节省钱 ___________________________ save money 19. 擅长 _________________________ be good at 20. 翻倒；摔倒，跌倒 _________________________ fall over ( 21. 在将来 ___________________________ in the future 22. 盼望；期待 _____________________________ look forward to 23. 依你之见 _____________________________ in your opinion 24. 寻找 _______________________ look for 25. 在……的顶端 ___________________________ on the top of 26. 确保 _________________________ make sure 27. 混淆；弄乱 _______________________ mix up 28. 从……剪出 __________________________ cut...out of 29. 在……的另一端 ________________________________ on the other side of 30. 把……放入 ________________________ put...into 31. 有耐心 _________________________ be patient 32. 整理；收拾 _______________________ tidy up 33. 用……捆绑 ________________________ tie...with 34. 给材料染色 ______________________________ dye the material 35. 从……取出 ___________________________ take...out of 36. 减少浪费 ___________________________ reduce waste 37. 与……共度时光 ______________________________ spend time with 38. 了解 __________________________ learn about 39. 折纸 ____________________________ fold the paper 40. 制作一个鸟箱 ______________________________ make a bird box 1. 有一次，他试图在他的卧室安装一盏更亮的灯，但是他犯了个错误，于是他整个屋子都断电了。 Once, he ______ to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he ______ __________, and his ______ house had a _______ ______. tried made a mistake whole power cut 2. 又有一次，他想在墙上挂一幅画，但他敲穿了管子，弄得房间里到处都是水。 _________ time, he wanted to ______ ______ a picture ______ ______ ______, but he ______ a pipe and ______ the room ______ water. Another put up on the wall hit filled with 3. 相反，他买了很多关于DIY的书，还参加了一个线上DIY课程。 ________, he _______ many books about DIY and ______ an online DIY course ______ ______. Instead bought took as well 4. “你最好有个书架来放它们。”他说。 “_______ _______ have a ______ ______ them,” he said. You’d better shelf for 5. 他觉得DIY是一种获得乐趣和省钱的好方式。 He _______ DIY is a ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ and ______ money. thinks good way to have fun save 6. 如今，例如在云南省的一些地方，当地人仍用传统扎染方法来制作诸如围巾、包之类的不同产品。 Today, in some ______ of Yunnan Province, ______ _________, local people still ______ __________ _________ of tie-dyeing ______ ______ different products ______ scarves and bags. parts for example use traditional methods to make like Unit 4 Hands-on fun 考点串讲 译林版·八年级上册 1. What are you going to do, Suzy? 苏茜，你打算做什么？（教材P49） be going to + 动词原形 be going to后接动词原形表示计划、打算要做某事，be有人称和数的变化，常用于口语中。 ①表示主观上打算在将来某时要做某事，常与tomorrow, next month, in a week等表示将来的时间状语连用。 例：We’re going to meet at the post office tomorrow. 我们打算明天在邮局见面。 即时训练 We ________________ (have) a meeting tomorrow afternoon. are going to have 句意：我们打算明天下午开会。tomorrow afternoon是将来时间，be going to后接动词原形表示计划、打算做某事，主语We是复数，be动词用are。 ②表示说话人根据已有的迹象认为即将发生某事。 例：Look! It’s going to rain. 看！快下雨了。 即时训练 Look at the dark clouds! It ________ rain. A．will B．is going to C．goes to D．was going to ✓ 句意：看那些乌云！快要下雨了。根据已有迹象（乌云）认为即将发生某事，用be going to结构，不用will。主语It是第三人称单数，be动词用is。 ③表示按计划或规定将要发生的动作或事情。 例：The train is going to leave at four o’clock in the afternoon. 火车将在下午4点离开。 即时训练 The plane ______________ (take) off at 8:00 tomorrow morning. is going to take 句意：飞机计划明天早上8点起飞。表示按计划或规定将要发生的动作，用be going to结构，后接动词原形。主语The plane是第三人称单数，be动词用is。 ④否定式：主语 + be not going to + 动词原形 + 其他。 例：He is not going to swim there. 他不打算去那儿游泳。 即时训练 He ________________ (not go) to the park this weekend. is not going to go 句意：他这个周末不打算去公园。be going to的否定式为"主语 + be not going to + 动词原形"，主语He是第三人称单数，be动词用is，否定形式为is not/isn't。 ⑤一般疑问式：Be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他？ 例：—Are you going to visit Mr Hu? 你打算去看望胡先生吗？ —Yes, I am./No, I’m not. 是的，我打算去。/不，我不打算去。 即时训练 —________ you going to visit your grandma this Sunday? —Yes, I ________. A．Are; am B．Do; do C．Will; will D．Are; do ✓ 句意：——你打算这周日去看望你奶奶吗？——是的，我打算去。be going to的一般疑问式为"Be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形"，主语you对应be动词are；肯定回答为"Yes, I am."。 ⑥特殊疑问句式：疑问词 + be + (主语 +) going to + 动词原形 + 其他？ 例：What are you going to do tomorrow? 你明天打算做什么？ 即时训练 What ________ you going ________ (do) this evening? are to do 句意：你今晚打算做什么？be going to的特殊疑问式为"疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形"，主语you对应be动词are，going to后接动词原形do。 巧记： be going to, 表打算，准备、计划将来干。表可能，有必然，通过现象来推断。 to之后，用原形，be的形式随主变。疑问句be提前； 否定句，更简单，not放在be后边。 即时训练 There ________ a football match on TV this evening. A．is going to have B．is going to be C．will have D．are going to be ✓ 句意：今晚电视上将有一场足球比赛。There be句型的将来时为"There is/are going to be..."，不能与have连用；主语a football match是单数，be动词用is。 2. I need some coloured paper, tape or glue and a pair of scissors. 我需要一些彩纸、胶带或胶水，还有一把剪刀。（教材P49） (1) tape ①[名词] 胶带；磁带 例：I used some tape to stick the paper together. 我用了一些胶带把纸粘在一起。 This tape contains some important recordings. 这盘磁带有一些重要的录音。 ②[及物动词] 用胶带粘贴；用胶带粘住；把……录在磁带上 例：Tape the box up before you send it. 在你邮寄这个盒子之前，用胶带把它封好。 We taped the music so that we could listen to it again later. 我们把音乐录下来了，以便以后可以再听。 即时训练 I used some ________ (tape) to stick the picture on the wall. tape 句意：我用了一些胶带把画贴在墙上。tape作名词意为"胶带；磁带"，是不可数名词，some后接tape原形。tape也可作动词，意为"用胶带粘贴；录制"。 3. When our job is complete, we’ll see some lovely roses. 当我们的工作完成时，我们会看到一些漂亮的玫瑰。（教材P49） complete ①[形容词] 完成，结束；全部的 例：Work on the new building is nearly complete. 新大楼快要竣工了。 I have a complete set of Shakespeare’s plays. 我有一整套莎士比亚戏剧全集。 ②[及物动词] 完成 例：It took Lisa a great deal of time and effort to complete the project. 莉萨花了大量的时间和努力来完成这个项目。 即时训练 It took him two hours ___________ (complete) the model plane. to complete 句意：他花了两个小时完成这个飞机模型。complete作及物动词意为"完成"，It takes sb some time to do sth是固定句型，意为"做某事花费某人多长时间"，后接动词不定式to complete。complete也可作形容词，意为"完成的；全部的"。 4. My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY. 我的表哥安德鲁热衷于DIY。（教材P50） (1) be crazy about 热衷于；对……着迷(=be mad about) 例：Tom is crazy about music. 汤姆对音乐着迷。 She is crazy about studying the new skill. 她热衷于学习这个新的技能。 (2) crazy [形容词] 狂热的；迷恋的；疯狂的 例：We went crazy when the band came. 乐队来的时候，我们欣喜若狂。 The neighbours must think we’re crazy. 邻居们一定会认为我们疯了。 即时训练 My brother is crazy about ________ (play) computer games. playing 句意：我哥哥热衷于玩电脑游戏。be crazy about意为"热衷于；对……着迷"，about是介词，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，故填playing。 5. However, he is not a born handyman! 然而，他并不是一个天生手巧的人！（教材P50） born [形容词] 天生的 be born 出生，后面通常接时间或地点状语，表示“出生于何时或何地”。通常用一般过去时。 a born artist 一个天生的艺术家 例：Confucius was born in 551 BC. 孔子出生在公元前551年。 即时训练 He _________ (bear) in a small village in 2008. was born 句意：他2008年出生在一个小村庄。be born意为"出生"，通常用一般过去时，主语He是第三人称单数，be动词用was。born作形容词还可意为"天生的"，如a born artist（一个天生的艺术家）。 6. Once, he tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake, and his whole house had a power cut. 有一次，他试图在他的卧室安装一盏更亮的灯，但是他犯了个错误，于是他整个屋子都断电了。（教材P50） mistake [可数名词] 错误；过错 make a mistake/make mistakes 犯错误 例：I made a mistake in my maths homework. 我在数学作业中犯了一个错误。 即时训练 He made a few _________ (mistake) in his English exam. mistakes 句意：他在英语考试中犯了几个错误。mistake是可数名词，意为"错误；过错"，make a mistake/make mistakes意为"犯错误"。a few后接可数名词复数，故填mistakes。 拓展 by mistake (由于疏忽)错误地，无意地 例：I’m sorry. I took your pen by mistake. 对不起，我错拿了你的钢笔。 即时训练 I took your umbrella ________ mistake yesterday. A．by B．in C．with D．for ✓ 句意：我昨天错拿了你的雨伞。by mistake是固定短语，意为"(由于疏忽)错误地，无意地"，在句中作状语。 7. Another time, he wanted to put up a picture on the wall, but he hit a pipe and filled the room with water. 又有一次，他想在墙上挂一幅画，但他敲穿了管子，弄得房间里到处都是水。（教材P50） (1) put up ①张贴；举起 例：You’d better put up a notice here. 你最好在这儿贴一个通知。②搭建；建造 例：Two men are putting up a tent in the rain. 两个男人正在雨中搭建帐篷。 注意 put up是“动词+副词”结构，当宾语是人称代词时，要放在put和up之间；当宾语是名词时，可以放在put与up之间，也可以放到up之后。 即时训练 You'd better ________ a notice on the wall to tell everyone the news. A．put up B．put on C．put off D．put away ✓ 句意：你最好在墙上贴个通知告诉大家这个消息。put up意为"张贴；搭建；举起"；put on意为"穿上；上演"；put off意为"推迟"；put away意为"放好；整理好"。根据句意选put up。 拓展 其他与put相关的常见短语： put away 放好；整理好 put off 推迟 put on 穿上；上演 put down 放下 即时训练 The sports meeting was ________ because of the heavy rain. A．put up B．put on C．put off D．put away ✓ 句意：因为大雨，运动会被推迟了。put up张贴；搭建；put on穿上；上演；put off推迟；put away放好；整理好。根据句意选put off。 (2) fill...with 使……充满 其中fill用作及物动词，意为“使充满”。 例：He filled the glass with water. 他把玻璃杯里装满了水。 拓展 be filled with = be full of 装满……，充满…… 例：The big family is filled with love. = The big family is full of love. 这个大家庭充满了爱。 即时训练 Andrew hit a pipe and the room was ______ ______ water. filled with fill...with使……充满；be filled with充满，装满。强调状态时，be filled with与be full of表达的意义相同。故填filled with或full of。 8. Instead, he bought many books about DIY and took an online DIY course as well. 相反，他买了很多关于DIY的书，还参加了一个线上DIY课程。（教材P50） (1) 辨析：instead 与 instead of instead：副词，反而；代替；却，修饰整个句子，位于句首或句末。 instead of：介词短语，反而；代替，后面常跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 【即时训练】 1．He didn't go to school. ________, he stayed at home. A．Instead of B．Instead C．Because D．Because of ✓ 句意：他没有去上学，相反，他待在家里。instead是副词，意为"反而；代替；却"，修饰整个句子，可位于句首或句末；用Instead。 (2) 辨析：as well, too, also 与 either 四者均有“也”的意思，但用法不同。 as well：肯定句，位于句末，前面不加逗号。 too：肯定句或疑问句，位于句末，前面可加逗号，也可不加。 also：肯定句，位于句中，助动词、情态动词、连系动词be之后，行为动词之前。 either：否定句，位于句末，前面可加逗号，也可不加。 例：I can swim too/as well. 我也会游泳。 He also wants to go. 他也想去。 He doesn’t want to go either. 他也不想去。 即时训练 You had better ______ ______ any salad cream on top of it. not put had better do sth “最好做某事”，其否定形式在had better后加not。故填not put。 9. One day, he found my room in a mess, with books all over my bed. 有一天，他发现我的房间乱七八糟，满床都是书。（教材P51） (1) in a mess 乱七八糟 例：The room was in a mess. 那个房间杂乱不堪。 When I got home, I found it in a mess. 当我回到家时，我发现家里一团糟。 The office was in a complete mess. 办公室乱得一塌糊涂。 即时训练 When I got home, I found my room ________ a mess. A．in B．on C．at D．with ✓ 句意：当我回到家时，我发现我的房间乱七八糟。in a mess是固定短语，意为"乱七八糟"，在句中作宾语补足语。 (2) mess [名词] 杂乱；不整洁 make a mess 搞得一塌糊涂 例：Your hair is a mess now. 现在你的头发很乱。 The children made a mess in the classroom. 孩子们把教室搞得一塌糊涂。 Don’t make a mess of things. 不要把事情弄得一团糟。 即时训练 The children ________ (make) a mess in the living room just now. made 句意：孩子们刚才把客厅搞得一塌糊涂。make a mess是固定短语，意为"搞得一塌糊涂"。just now意为"刚才"，是一般过去时的标志，make的过去式为made。 10. “You’d better have a shelf for them,” he said. “你最好有个书架来放它们。”他说。（教材P51） had better(=’d better) 最好 后面必须跟动词原形。用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望。 had better (not) do sth 最好(别)做某事 例：You had better read the book. 你最好读一读这本书。 We’d better not talk in the library. 在图书馆我们最好别说话。 拓展 It’s better to do sth 做某事更好。 例：It’s better to give than to receive. 给予比索取更好。 即时训练 You had better ________ (finish) your homework before dinner. finish 句意：你最好在晚饭前完成作业。had better(='d better)意为"最好"，用于表示劝告或建议，后面必须跟动词原形，即had better do sth。 11. I was surprised to know that he made it himself! 我惊讶地得知是他自己做的这盏灯！（教材P51） surprise [及物动词] 使惊奇；使感到意外 例：The news surprised everyone. 这条消息使每个人都很吃惊。 Will this gift surprise her? 这个礼物会让她惊喜吗？ We want to surprise our parents by cleaning the whole house before they come back from work. 我们想在父母下班回来之前把整个房子打扫干净，给他们一个惊喜。 即时训练 The news __________ (surprise) everyone at the meeting yesterday. surprised 句意：这个消息使会上的每个人都很吃惊。surprise作及物动词，意为"使惊奇；使感到意外"。yesterday是一般过去时的标志，surprise的过去式为surprised。 拓展 ① surprised [形容词] 感到惊讶的，通常说明人，指某人对某事感到惊讶。 ② surprising [形容词] 令人惊奇的，通常修饰事/物，指某事/某物令人惊奇。 例：He is surprised to hear this surprising news. 听到这个令人惊奇的消息，他很惊讶。 即时训练 We were all ______ at the ______ result of the game. A．surprised; surprised B．surprising; surprising C．surprised; surprising D．surprising; surprised ✓ 句意：我们都对这个令人惊奇的比赛结果感到惊讶。surprised意为"感到惊讶的"，通常说明人，指某人对某事感到惊讶，be surprised at意为"对……感到惊讶"；surprising意为"令人惊奇的"，通常修饰事物。第一空主语We是人，用surprised；第二空修饰result（事物），用surprising。 12. My cousin enjoys DIY and now no DIY job seems impossible to him. 我的表哥喜欢DIY，现在似乎没有什么DIY工作对他来说是不可能的了。（教材P51） impossible [形容词] 不可能的 它是由否定前缀im-加形容词possible构成的。 例：Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. 心之所愿，无事不成。 即时训练 It's ___________ (possible) for me to finish so much work in such a short time. impossible 句意：对我来说在这么短的时间内完成这么多工作是不可能的。impossible是形容词，意为"不可能的"，由否定前缀im-加possible构成。It's impossible for sb to do sth意为"对某人来说做某事是不可能的"。 13. He thinks DIY is a good way to have fun and save money. 他觉得DIY是一种获得乐趣和省钱的好方式。（教材P51） have fun 玩得高兴 此处的fun是不可数名词，意为“快乐；乐趣”。 have fun doing sth 做某事有乐趣 例：You can learn new things and have fun. 你能学到新的东西，还能玩得开心。 I have fun playing with my friends. 我和朋友们玩得很高兴。 即时训练 The children have fun ________ (play) games in the park. playing 句意：孩子们在公园里玩游戏玩得很高兴。have fun doing sth是固定搭配，意为"做某事有乐趣/很高兴"，fun是不可数名词，后接动词-ing形式，故填playing。 14. Last week, I decided to paint my bedroom blue because it is my favourite colour. 上周，我决定把卧室漆成蓝色，因为那是我最喜欢的颜色。（教材P53） 辨析：because 与 because of because：连词，引导状语从句，表示直接、明确的原因或理由。 because of：短语介词，后跟名词(短语)、代词或动词-ing形式。 例：I didn’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive. 我没有买那件衬衫，因为它太贵了。 Because of the heavy rain, we had to stay at home to watch TV. 因为下大雨，我们只好待在家里看电视。 即时训练 He was late for school ________ he got up late this morning. A．because B．because of C．so D．but ✓ 句意：他上学迟到了，因为他今天早上起晚了。because是连词，引导原因状语从句，后接完整的句子；because of是短语介词，后接名词(短语)、代词或动词-ing形式。空格后是完整的句子he got up late，故用because。 15. When I was nearly finished, my cat came in and a toy on the chair caught its eye. 将近完工的时候，我的猫进来了，椅子上的一个玩具引起了它的注意。（教材P53） nearly [副词] 几乎；差不多；将近 其近义词为almost。 例：It took Amy nearly one hour to go back home from her office. 埃米花了差不多1个小时 从办公室回家。 The beach was nearly empty. 海滩几乎空荡荡的。 即时训练 It took me ________ (near) two hours to clean the house. nearly 句意：我花了将近两个小时打扫房子。nearly是副词，意为"几乎；差不多；将近"，其近义词为almost。此处修饰数词two hours，表示"将近两个小时"，用nearly。 16. It jumped up to reach the toy, but hit the paint can and the can fell over. 它跳起来够那个玩具，却撞到了颜料罐，罐子翻倒了。（教材P53） (1) can ①[名词] 金属容器；塑料容器；金属罐 例：Please put the empty cans in the recycling bin. 请把空金属容器放进回收垃圾桶里。 I bought three cans of beer. 我买了三罐啤酒。 ②[情态动词] 表示能力 例：She can play the piano very well. 她钢琴弹得很好。 ③[情态动词] 表示请求、许可 例：Can I use your phone? 我可以用一下你的电话吗？ 即时训练 —________ I use your dictionary? —Sure, here you are. A．Must B．Should C．Can D．Need ✓ 句意：——我可以用一下你的字典吗？——当然，给你。can作情态动词可表示请求、许可，意为"可以"，符合句意。must必须；should应该；need需要。can还可表示能力、可能性等，也可作名词意为"金属罐"。 ④[情态动词] 表示可能性 例：It can’t be true. 这不可能是真的。 ⑤[情态动词] 表示建议或请求帮助 例：You can try this new method. 你可以试试这个新方法。 (2) fall over 翻倒；摔倒 例：The vase fell over and broke. 花瓶翻倒摔碎了。 He fell over when he was skating. 他滑冰的时候摔倒了。 The little boy was running too fast and fell over. 小男孩跑得太快，结果摔倒了。 拓展 fall off (从……上)摔下；fall down 摔倒；落下；倒塌；fall behind 落后；fall asleep 睡着，进入梦乡；fall ill 生病 即时训练 The old man ________ (fall) over and hurt his leg yesterday. fell 句意：那位老人昨天摔倒了，伤了腿。fall over意为"翻倒；摔倒"。yesterday是一般过去时的标志，fall的过去式为fell。拓展：fall off从……上摔下；fall behind落后；fall asleep睡着。 17 . You’d better not get too much paint on the brush. 你最好别在刷子上蘸太多油漆。（教材P55） 辨析：too much, much too 与 too many too much：太多，修饰不可数名词/修饰动词。 much too：太，修饰形容词或副词。 too many：太多，修饰可数名词复数。 例：I have got too much chocolate. 我有太多的巧克力。 Don’t eat too much. 不要吃太多。 It’s much too hot today. 今天天气太热了。 即时训练 There is ________ water on the floor. Be careful not to slip. A．too much B．much too C．too many D．many too ✓ 句意：地板上有太多水了，小心别滑倒。too much意为"太多"，修饰不可数名词；much too意为"太"，修饰形容词或副词；too many意为"太多"，修饰可数名词复数。water是不可数名词，用too much修饰。 巧记： too much, much too用法区别看后头。 much后接不可数，too后只跟形或副。 too many要记住，其后名词必复数。 18. Scissors can be dangerous. 剪刀可能很危险。（教材P55） dangerous [形容词] 危险的 例：It’s dangerous for people to swim in the river. 人们在这条河里游泳很危险。 The road is very dangerous at night. 这条路在晚上很危险。 Don’t touch the dangerous chemicals. 不要碰那些危险的化学品。 即时训练 It's __________ (danger) for children to play with fire. dangerous 句意：对孩子们来说玩火是危险的。dangerous是形容词，意为"危险的"，由名词danger加后缀-ous构成。It's dangerous for sb to do sth意为"对某人来说做某事是危险的"。 拓展 danger [不可数名词] 危险 be in (great) danger 处于(极大的)危险之中 be out of danger 脱离危险 例：There is some danger in climbing the mountain. 爬这座山有一些危险。 The old man is in great danger. 这位老人处于极大的危险之中。 助记：danger(n. 危险) + -ous(形容词后缀) → dangerous(adj. 危险的) 即时训练 The old man is ________ great danger. We must call 120 at once. A．in B．on C．at D．with ✓ 句意：这位老人处于极大的危险之中，我们必须马上拨打120。danger是不可数名词，意为"危险"。be in (great) danger意为"处于(极大的)危险之中"；be out of danger意为"脱离危险"。 19. Today, in some parts of Yunnan Province, for example, local people still use traditional methods of tie-dyeing to make different products like scarves and bags. 如今，例如在云南省的一些地方，当地人仍用传统扎染方法来制作 诸如围巾、包之类的不同产品。（教材P57） (1) 辨析：for example 与 such as 两者都意为“例如”，但用法上有区别。 for example：常只列举同类人或事物中的一个例子，在句中作插入语，可置于句首、句中或句末。 such as：常用于列举同类人或事物中的几个例子，置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间。 即时训练 He likes doing sports, ________, playing basketball and swimming. A．for example B．such as C．as well D．instead of ✓ 句意：他喜欢做运动，比如打篮球和游泳。for example和such as都意为"例如"，但for example常只列举一个例子，作插入语；such as常用于列举几个例子，置于被列举事物与前面名词之间。此处列举了两个例子playing basketball and swimming，用such as。 Unit 4 Hands-on fun 单元语法 译林版·八年级上册 一、祈使句 1. 基本概念 祈使句是英语的基本句型之一，当我们向他人发出命令、提出要求或建议时，常使用祈使句。祈使句主语通常不明确表示出来。 朗读时用降调。 例：Go and ask the teacher. 去问问老师。 Come and meet my family. 来见见我的家人。 即时训练 ________ me with my English, please. A．Helping B．To help C．Help D．Helps ✓ 句意：请帮我学英语。祈使句用于向他人发出命令、提出要求或建议，主语通常省略，以动词原形开头。故用Help。 2. 肯定形式 以动词原形开头。主要有三种形式： (1) Do型(行为动词原形 + 其他成分) 例：Sit down! 坐下！ Stand up! 起立！ 即时训练 ________ down, please. Let's begin our class. A．Sit B．Sitting C．To sit D．Sits ✓ 句意：请坐下，我们开始上课。祈使句的肯定形式以动词原形开头，Do型为"行为动词原形 + 其他成分"，故用Sit。 (2) Be型(Be + 表语，如名词、形容词) 例：Be quiet! 安静！ 即时训练 ________ quiet, please. The baby is sleeping. A．Is B．Be C．Being D．To be ✓ 句意：请安静，宝宝在睡觉。祈使句Be型为"Be + 表语(名词、形容词等)"，以be动词原形开头，故用Be。 (3) Let型(Let + 人称代词宾格 + 动词原形 + 其他成分) 例：Let me help you. 让我来帮助你。 即时训练 ________ me help you with your heavy box. A．Let B．Lets C．Letting D．To let ✓ 句意：让我来帮你搬这个重箱子。祈使句Let型为"Let + 人称代词宾格 + 动词原形 + 其他成分"，以let原形开头，故用Let。 3. 否定形式 通常在动词原形前加do not/don’t。 例：Don’t go there, please. 请别去那儿。 Please don’t pick flowers in the park. 请不要在公园里摘花。 即时训练 ________ smoke in the library, please. A．Not B．Don't C．No D．Doesn't ✓ 句意：请不要在图书馆里吸烟。祈使句的否定形式通常在动词原形前加do not/don't，即"Don't + 动词原形 + 其他"，故用Don't。 注意：为了显得更为客气和礼貌，我们常在祈使句中加上please。please位于句末时，常用逗号与其余部分隔开。 例：Please look after your little sister. 请照顾你的妹妹。 Come here, please. 请到这儿来。 即时训练 ________ open the window, please. It's too hot in the room. A．Don't B．Not C．Do D．No ✓ 句意：请打开窗户，房间里太热了。祈使句的肯定形式以动词原形开头，为了显得更客气可加please。根据后句"太热了"可知是请求打开窗户，用肯定形式Do open（do在此处起强调作用），或直接Open。选项中Do符合。 4. 句型Let’s 表示说话人向对方提出建议。 例：Let’s go shopping. 咱们去购物吧。 Let’s explore different kinds of hands-on activities and find the fun in them. 让我们探索不同种类的动手活动并从中找到乐趣。 即时训练 ________ go to the park and have a picnic this weekend. A．Let B．Let's C．Lets D．Let us to ✓ 句意：这个周末咱们去公园野餐吧。Let's是Let us的缩写，意为"咱们……吧"，表示说话人向对方提出建议，后接动词原形，故用Let's。 助记：祈使句的用法 祈使句，并不难，动词原形放句前。 否定句，很简单，don’t站在动原前。 尊重对方有礼貌，please句首、句末添。 二、should和had better 当我们给他人提建议时，可以用should和had better，表示“应该……”或“最好”，had better语气比should强一些。should和had better都是情态动词，后接动词原形，而且均没有人称和数的变化。 1. should为情态动词，意为“应该，应当”。should的否定形式为should not/shouldn’t。 例：He should work harder. 他应该更加努力工作。 You should help your mother with the housework. 你应该帮你母亲做家务。 We shouldn’t climb mountains alone. 我们不应该独自爬山。 即时训练 You _________ (should) eat too much junk food. It's bad for your health. shouldn't 句意：你不应该吃太多垃圾食品，这对你的健康有害。should是情态动词，意为"应该，应当"，后接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。其否定形式为should not/shouldn't，意为"不应该"。根据句意用否定形式。 拓展 should还可表示推测。 例：His backpack should be in the classroom. 他的书包应该在教室里。 即时训练 —Where is Tom? —He ________ be in the library. He likes reading there. A．can B．should C．mustn't D．need ✓ 句意：——汤姆在哪里？——他应该在图书馆，他喜欢在那里看书。should除了表示"应该"，还可表示推测，意为"应该会，估计"，表示根据已知情况做出的合理推测。can表示推测时通常用于否定句或疑问句；mustn't意为"禁止"；need意为"需要"。 2. had better意为“最好”，可简写为’d better，其后接动词原形(不带to的不定式)。含有“应该做”之意，不十分客气，所以一般只用于对晚辈或平辈，不用于对长辈。 had better的两种形式： (1) 肯定形式：had better + 动词原形，意为“最好做……”。 例：You’d better go to hospital at once. 你最好立即去医院。 即时训练 You'd better ________ (go) to see a doctor if you don't feel well. go 句意：如果你觉得不舒服，你最好去看医生。had better(='d better)意为"最好"，后接动词原形(不带to的不定式)，即had better do sth，意为"最好做某事"，故填go。 (2) 否定形式：had better + not + 动词原形，意为“最好不做……”。 例：You had better not miss the last bus. 你最好不要错过末班公共汽车。 即时训练 You had better ________ (not stay) up too late. It's bad for your health. not stay 句意：你最好不要熬夜太晚，这对你的健康有害。had better的否定形式为had better + not + 动词原形，即had better not do sth，意为"最好不做某事"，故填not stay。 语法专练 · 单项选择 1. Boys and girls, ______ up your hands if you want to take part in the summer camp(夏令营). A. putting B. to put C. put D. to putting ✓ 2. ______ more, and you’ll improve your spoken English. A. Speak B. Speaks C. Speaking D. To speak ✓ 语法专练 · 单项选择 1. It’s cold outside. You ______ put on your coat. A. had better to B. had better C. would better D. would better to ✓ 2. (天津中考)People ______ talk on a mobile phone while they are driving. A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. must D. can ✓ Unit 4 Hands-on fun 主题写作 译林版·八年级上册 主题写作 主题解读 本单元的话题为“动手制作”，要求写一篇关于“自己动手制作”的短文。写作时，首先根据写作提示介绍自己动手制作的起因；其次详细描述自己动手制作的过程和结果，可用first, next, then和finally等词进行描述；最后要介绍自己的感想，同时可以表达自己的希望。 写作时主要用第一人称或第三人称单数， 时态可用一般现在时或一般过去时。 表达希望时可用一般将来时。 主题写作 写作要点 点明活动 　　说明最喜欢的 DIY 活动是什么。 ◆ 材料准备 　　简要列出所需材料，如 strips of coloured paper。 ◆ 制作步骤 　　用 First / Next / Then / Finally 有序描述过程。 ◆ 成果收获 　　介绍成果，表达 relax、proud、happy 等感受。 主题写作 写作思路 开头 Beginning 点明最喜欢的 DIY 活动 ▸ My favourite DIY activity is making paper stars. 中间 Body 材料准备 + 分步制作过程 ▸ To make them, I need... First... Next... Finally... 结尾 Ending 介绍收获与感受 ▸ This activity helps me relax. I feel proud and happy. 主题写作 词汇运用 常用句型 • My favourite DIY activity is... • To make them, ... • First, ...Then/Next, ...After that, ...Finally, ... • Firstly, ...Secondly, ...Thirdly, ... • I fold...into... • It/This activity helps me relax. • I feel proud. • ...is really a great DIY activity. 教材典句 • First, ... Next, ... Finally, ... We felt very proud and happy! 主题写作 写作练习 如今，越来越多的人热衷于各种DIY活动。请你以“My Favourite DIY Activity”为题，写一篇英语短文，介绍你最喜欢的一项DIY活动，80词左右。内容包括： 1. 你最喜欢的DIY活动是什么； 2. 你是如何进行这项活动的； 要求： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 文中不得出现真实的人名和校名。 主题写作 写作范文 My Favourite DIY Activity My favourite DIY activity is making paper stars. It’s easy and fun. To make them, I need some strips of coloured paper. First, I fold one end of a paper strip into a small triangle, and then keep folding the strip around it to form a five-pointed shape. Next, I push the paper end inside. Finally, I blow gently on the star to make it look 3D. This activity helps me relax. When I finish making a lot of stars and use them to decorate my room, I feel very proud and happy. Making paper stars is really a great DIY activity! Unit 4 Hands-on fun 综合训练 译林版·八年级上册 一、单项选择 1. —Look at the dark clouds! It ________ rain soon. —Yes, let's go home quickly. A. will B. is going to C. goes to D. was going to ✓ 2. My little brother is crazy about ________ model planes. A. make B. makes C. making D. made ✓ 3. —Why are you so busy, Dad? —I'm ________ a shelf for my books. A. putting up B. putting on C. putting off D. putting away ✓ CONTNETS 4. After the party, the room was ________ rubbish. A. filled with B. fill with C. full with D. filled of ✓ 5. He didn't go to the cinema. ________, he stayed at home and read a book. A. Instead of B. Instead C. Because D. Because of ✓ 6. You'd better ________ too much coffee before going to bed. A. not drink B. not to drink C. don't drink D. to not drink ✓ CONTNETS 7. We were all ________ at the ________ news that he made the shelf himself. A. surprised; surprised B. surprising; surprising C. surprised; surprising D. surprising; surprised ✓ 8. The children had fun ________ games in the park yesterday. A. play B. plays C. playing D. to play ✓ 9. He was late for school ________ the heavy traffic this morning. A. because B. because of C. so D. but ✓ CONTNETS 10. There is ________ paint on the floor after the cat knocked over the paint can. A. too much B. much too C. too many D. many too ✓ 11. ________ touch the hot paint can. It's dangerous. A. Not B. Don't C. No D. Doesn't ✓ 12. Tie-dyeing is ________ a form of art ________ a lifestyle. A. not; but B. not only; but also C. either; or D. neither; nor ✓ CONTNETS 二、适当形式填空 1. We ________________ (have) a DIY class tomorrow afternoon. are going to have 2. I took your umbrella by _________ (mistake) yesterday. mistake 3. He was _________ (luck) enough to break his favourite cup. unlucky 4. The children ________ (make) a mess in the living room just now. made 5. A beautiful floor lamp in the shop ________ (catch) my eye yesterday. caught CONTNETS 6. It's ___________ (possible) for him to finish so much work in such a short time. impossible 7. My cousin enjoys ________ (do) DIY in his free time. doing 8. It took me ________ (near) two hours to make the paper roses. nearly 9. It's ___________ (danger) for children to play with scissors. dangerous 10. You ____________________ (should) eat too much junk food. It's bad for your health. shouldn't / should not CONTNETS 译林版·八年级上册（新教材） $