内容正文:
英 语
(8A译林版)
期末总复习
8A Unit 4
Hands-on fun
(知识全梳理&考点精准练)
In this unit,
we will
析教材 学知识:紧扣教材精讲、突出重点单词
练话题 讲典例:解题难点精析、快速提升能力
练考点 强知识:核心考点精练、精准句式归类
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内容导航——学习力三步曲
重 点 单 词 复 习
shelf /ʃelf/ n. (pl. shelves) 架子
tape /teɪp/ n. 胶带 vt. 用胶带粘贴
作名词时,还可意为“磁带,录音带,录像带”。
作动词时,还可意为“(用磁带)录音,录像”。
glue /ɡluː/ n. 胶,胶水
vt.(用胶水)黏合,粘贴
fold /fəʊld/ vt. 折叠
* fold up:折叠起来(强调收拢)
fold sth. in half:把某物对折
fold one’s arms:抱臂(肢体动作)
complete /kəmˈpliːt/ adj. 完成,结束;全部的
* 比较级:more complete;最高级:most complete
→ adv. completely 完全地;彻底地;完整地
* 还可作动词,意为“完成;结束;使完整”。
complete + 宾语(任务、工作、作品等)
complete doing sth.:完成做某事
DIY n. (= do it yourself) 自己动手
crazy /ˈkreɪzi/ adj. 狂热的;迷恋的
be crazy about 热衷于
After two hours of work, Tom put the last piece on his model car. The complete toy sat on his desk, looking just like a real one. He felt a complete joy — every part, from the wheels to the little windows, was perfect. Before, he thought he might not complete it today, but now, with the model done, he smiled happily.
标明complete的词性和词意。
adj. 已完成的,已结束的
adj. 完全的,彻底的
v. 完成
born /ˈbɔːn/ adj. 天生的
* 在名词前作定语。
* born也是动词 “bear(生育;出生 )” 的过去分词,常用于被动语态。
be born:出生 be born with:天生具有……
handyman /ˈhændimæn/ n. (pl. handymen) 手巧的人
* handy adj. 手巧的;有用的;方便的;手边的
come in handy:派上用场;有用
mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ n. 错误
* make a mistake/mistakes:犯错误
by mistake:错误地(因粗心、遗忘等所致)
* 还可作动词,意为“误会;看错”,
过去式为mistook,过去分词为mistaken。
mistake ... for ...:把……错认为……
1. 据说他生来就有绘画天赋。
It’s said that he ______ ______ ______ a gift for painting.
2. 她的父母认为她生来就该当医生。
Her parents think she ______ ______ ______ ______ a doctor.
3. 张欣出生于云南,她天生就是个舞者。
Zhang Xin ______ ______ ______ Yunnan and she is ______ ______ ______.
完成句子。
was born with
was born to be
was born in
a
born dancer
fill ... with 使……充满
* fill作动词,意为“使充满,使填满” 。
be filled with:满是
相关辨析:
full作形容词,意为“满的;吃饱了的” 。常构成短语be full of,意为“充满”,相当于“be filled with”;sb is/was full,意为“某人吃饱了”。
power cut n. 断电,停电
* 指因电力供应中断而导致的无电状态。
复数形式为 power cuts,表示多次停电。
unlucky /ʌnˈlʌki/ adj. 不幸的,不顺利的
→ 反义词:lucky 幸运的
→ adv. unluckily 不幸地;倒霉地
1. The street was ______ with people during the festival.
2. The classroom was ______ of laughter when the teacher told a joke.
3. Mom _______ the bag with fresh vegetables from the market.
根据句意,选用fill或full的适当形式填空。
filled
full
fills/ filled
instead /ɪnˈsted/ adv. 反而
* 可放在句首或句末。在口语中,常用于句首。
相关辨析:
instead of “而不是”,其后常接名词、代词、介词短语或动词的-ing形式。
course /kɔːs/ n. 课程
* take a course (in) ... 上一门(……)课程
mess /mes/ n. 杂乱,不整洁
in a mess 乱七八糟
* make a mess:弄得一团糟
mess还可作动词,意为“把……弄脏,弄乱” 。
1. I can’t go to your birthday party. My brother will go _________.
2. I usually go to school by bus _________ by bicycle on rainy days.
3. He didn’t go shopping. _________, he went to see a film.
用instead或instead of完成下列句子。
instead
instead of
Instead
surprised /səˈpraɪzd/ adj. 惊奇的,感到意外的
* be surprised at/by sb./sth.:对某人/某事感到吃惊
be surprised that + 从句:对……(一事)感到惊讶
be surprised to do sth.:做某事时感到惊讶
→ surprise v. 使惊讶 n. 令人惊奇的事情(或消息等)
come as no surprise 不足为奇
相关辨析:
surprised:描述 “人感到惊讶”(主语是人);
surprising:用来描述事物本身具有的性质,意为“令人惊奇的, 出人意料的”,主语通常是物。
impossible /ɪmˈpɒsəbl/ adj. 不可能的
* It is impossible (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事是不可能的
→ 反义词:possible 可能的
→ adv. impossibly 不可能地
单项选择。
( ) 1. Everyone was _____ at the _____ news.
A. surprising; surprising
B. surprised; surprised
C. surprising; surprised
D. surprised; surprising
( ) 2. She _______ _______ _______ see her favourite singer at
the airport yesterday.
A. was surprised at
B. is surprised to
C. was surprised to
D
C
paint /peɪnt/ u.n. 油漆;绘画颜料
* 也可作c.n. 意为“画作(尤指油画)”。
* 也可作v.,意为 “绘画;涂色;粉刷”,强调用颜料、油漆等进行创作或装饰的动作。paint sth. + 颜色:把某物涂成某种颜色
paint a picture/drawing:画一幅画
相关辨析:“draw” 侧重用铅笔、钢笔等勾勒线条,如素描、漫画。
→ painter n. 画家;油漆工 → painting u.n. 绘画;粉刷 c.n. 画作
can /kən/ n. 金属容器,塑料容器
* 常作情态动词,后接动词原形,可表示①“能力”(能;会)② “许可”(可以)③ “推测”(可能)。
chalk /tʃɔːk/ n. 粉笔
* 通常为不可数名词,指书写或绘画用的粉笔。
a piece of chalk:一支粉笔
mark /mɑːk/ n. 标记;分数
* 也可作动词,意为“做标记;评分”。
mark ... with ...:用……标记……
mark ... on ...:在……上标记……
mark down:记下;减价
brush /brʌʃ/ n. 刷子;画笔
→ pl. brushes
* 也可作v. 意为 “刷;擦;轻触”,强调用刷子或类似工具摩擦表面的动作。
instructions /ɪnˈstrʌkʃnz/ n. [pl] 用法说明
* 还可表示 “指示;命令”(针对行动的具体要求)follow instructions:遵守指示;按照说明做
dangerous /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ adj. 危险的
* 指某人或某物会给周围的人或物造成危险。
→ n. danger 危险
in danger:处境危险,在危险中
in danger of ...: 某人或某物处于……的危险中
out of danger:脱离危险
→ adj. dangerously 危险地
usual /ˈjuːʒuəl/ adj. 通常的,寻常的
* as usual:像往常一样
→ adv. usually 通常 → 反义词:unusual 不寻常的,罕见的
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tie-dye /ˈtaɪ daɪ/ vt. 扎染(织物)
* 动词过去式 / 过去分词:tie-dyed;现在分词:tie-dyeing
tie /taɪ/ vt.(用线,绳等)系,栓,绑,捆
* 动词过去式 / 过去分词:tied;现在分词:tying
tie up:捆紧;系牢;使忙碌;tie ... to ...:把……绑在……上
tie ... with ...:用……捆扎
还可作名词,意为“领带;领结”。
dye /daɪ/ vt. 给……染色,染 n. 染料,染液
* 过去式 / 过去分词:dyed;现在分词:dyeing
untie /ʌnˈtaɪ/ vt. 解开
* untie sth. from ...:把某物从……上解开
cloth /klɒθ/ n. 布料,织物
* 指用于制作衣物、窗帘、床单等物品的原材料,通常是由棉、麻、丝、毛、化纤等纤维通过纺织或编织而成,此时为不可数名词。
注:当 “cloth” 表示不同种类的布料或多块具有特殊用途的布时,可以用复数形式 “cloths” 。
* a piece of cloth:一块布
相关辨析:
cloth 与 clothes:
“cloth” 指布料本身或一块布;“clothes” 则指具体的衣服,没有单数形式,其前不能用不定冠词或数词,但可以用these,those,some,few,many等词修饰。
cloth 与 clothing:
“cloth” 强调的是制作衣服的材料;“clothing” 是衣服的总称,更侧重于抽象的概念。
method /ˈmeθəd/ n. 方法
* a method of doing sth./ to do sth.:做某事的方法
相关辨析:
method 强调 “系统性、步骤性”(如科学方法、教学方法);
way 最通用,可指任何方式(口语中常用,搭配 “a way of doing sth.”
或 “a way to do sth.”);
means 侧重 “工具、手段”(常用复数形式,搭配 “by means of” 表示 “通过……方式”)。
thread /θred/ n. 线
* 指用于缝纫、编织的线(可数或不可数名词,常用单数形式表示 “一根线”)。
a thread of:一根……线;一丝……(用于抽象含义,如 “一丝光线、一丝希望”)
product /ˈprɒdʌkt/ c.n. 产品
相关辨析:
product 指具体的 “产品、成果”;
production 指 “生产过程” 或 “产量”(不可数名词);
produce 指 “农产品”(不可数名词,集合概念)。
not only ... but also ... 不仅……而且……
* 用于连接两个并列成分。当连接两个主语时,谓语动词需遵循就近原则(即与靠近but also的主语单复数一致)。
workshop /ˈwɜːkʃɒp/ n. 作坊
* 还可意为“研讨会;讲习班”。
dry /draɪ/ vi. & vt.(使)变干;(把……)弄干
* dry up:(河流、湖泊等)干涸;(液体)蒸发掉
dry out:(使)完全变干;(因缺水)枯萎
* 也可作adj. 意为“干燥的,干的”。
pattern /ˈpætn/ n. 图案;模式
* a pattern of:……的图案/模式
roll /rəʊl/ n. 卷;管
* a roll of:一卷……
* 也可作v. 意为“滚动;卷;转动”。
reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ vt. & vi. 减少
* reduce ... to ...:把……减少到……
reduce ... by ...:把……减少了……
waste /weɪst/ n. 浪费;废料
* 通常为不可数名词,使用单数形式。
reduce waste:减少浪费
高频句型:It’s a waste of (time/money/...) to do sth./doing sth.
做某事是浪费时间/金钱/……
* 还可作vt.,意为“滥用,浪费(金钱、时间、精力等)”。
waste ... on sth.:浪费……在某事上
waste ... (in) doing sth.:浪费……做某事
* 还可作adj.,意为“废弃的;无用的”,修饰名词,指不再需要或无法使用的事物。
In this unit,
we will
析教材 学知识:紧扣教材精讲、突出重点单词
练话题 讲典例:解题难点精析、快速提升能力
练考点 强知识:核心考点精练、精准句式归类
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内容导航——学习力三步曲
stop to do sth.
1. He didn’t stop trying to fix things on his own.
他没有停止尝试自己解决问题。
He stopped reading when the phone rang.
stop doing sth.
电话响时,他停止了阅读。
停止正在做的事情
停下来去做另外一件事情
She stopped to help the old man cross the road.
她停下来,帮助老人过马路。
1. When the teacher came in, the students stopped _______ (talk).
2. We stop _______ (rest) after walking for an hour.
用所给单词的适当形式填空。
talking
to rest
2. Instead, he bought many books about DIY and took an online course as well.
相反,他买了很多关于DIY的书,还参加了一个在线课程。
instead adv.
反而
可放在句首或句末。在口语中,常用于句首。
He didn’t watch TV last night. He read a book instead.
他昨晚没看电视,而是读了一本书。
instead of
而不是
Instead of going to the cinema, we went to the park for a picnic.
我们没去看电影,而是去公园野餐了。
其后常接名词、代词、介词短语或动词的-ing形式。
1. I can’t go to your birthday party. My brother will go _________.
2. I usually go to school by bus _________ by bicycle on rainy days.
3. He didn’t go shopping. _________, he went to see a film.
用instead或instead of完成下列句子。
instead
instead of
Instead
as well
也;还
常用于肯定句中,且位于句末。
She likes painting, and she enjoys singing as well.
她喜欢画画,也喜欢唱歌。
also
用于肯定句中,通常位于句中。
My brother is good at math, and he also does well in English.
我弟弟擅长数学,英语也很好。
too
用于肯定句中,通常位于句末,常用逗号和前面的部分隔开。
I want to join the football club, and my best friend wants to join it, too.
我想加入足球俱乐部,我最好的朋友也想加入。
either
多用于否定句中,常位于句末。
He doesn’t like spicy food, and his sister doesn’t like it, either.
他不喜欢辛辣的食物,他妹妹也不喜欢。
3.
1. If he doesn’t go, I won’t go ________.
2. In this field he has knowledge and experience ________.
3. Simon likes playing football, and he ________ likes playing basketball.
4. He likes swimming, and his wife likes it, ________.
用as well, also, too或either完成句子。
either
as well
also
too
① Close the door.
关上门。
② Have a good day!
祝愿您有愉快的一天!
③ Give them more personal space.
给他们更多的个人空间。
④ Don’t be late!
别迟到!
祈使句
祈使句用来表达叮嘱、劝告、希望、禁止、请求或命令等,通常以动词原形开头,它的主语通常为第二人称(you),一般情况下可省略。
4.
(1). Be+表语(名词或形容词)(+其他)
祈使句的肯定结构
① Be quiet, please!
② Be a brave boy.
(2). Let+宾语+动词原形(+其他)
Let us have something iced to drink.
请保持安静!
做一个勇敢的男孩。
我们喝点冷饮吧。
(3)动词原形(+宾语)(+其他)
Open the door.
打开门。
为了使祈使句的语气变得委婉,可以在祈使句的句首或句末加上please。若please在句首,其后不用逗号;若please在句末,则通常会在它的前面加逗号。如:
= Pass me the ball, please.
Please pass me the ball.
请把球传给我。
祈使句的否定形式
(1) Don’t+be+表语(名词或形容词)(+其他)
Don’t be late again!
不要再迟到了!
(2) Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形(+其他)
Let+宾语+not+动词原形(+其他)
= Let him not go.
Don’t let him go.
别让他走。
(3)Don’t/Never+动词原形(+宾语)(+其他)
① Don’t open the door.
② Never answer the phone when driving.
别打开门。
开车时决不要接电话。
(1)否定的祈使句,反意疑问句常用will you。
Don’t play with fire, will you?
别玩火,好吗?
拓展
(2) 以Let’s开头,表示向对方提出建议的祈使句,反意
疑问句常用shall we。
Let’s go shopping, shall we?
我们去购物吧,好吗?
(3) 祈使句的肯定回答常用“OK, I will”,否定回答常用“Sorry, I won’t”。
若要表示强调,可在祈使句动词原形前加do,表示“一定,务必”。
① Do come on time!
一定要准时来!
② Do look out!
一定要小心!
(Come) This way, please.
这边请。
有时,祈使句中的动词或动词短语可以省略。
注意
In this unit,
we will
析教材 学知识:紧扣教材精讲、突出重点单词
练话题 讲典例:解题难点精析、快速提升能力
练考点 强知识:核心考点精练、精准句式归类
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内容导航——学习力三步曲
I. 单项选择。
( ) 1. Mary wants to cook meals for her parents on their
birthdays, so she is taking a ______ in cooking.
A. course B. break
C. chance D. vacation
( ) 2. The traffic is too heavy. It’s ______ for us to go to the
party on time.
A. useful B. different
C. important D. impossible
A
D
( ) 3. How fast Simon grows! He is _____ as tall as his father
now.
A. carefully B. badly
C. nearly D. safely
( ) 4. — Can you hear the big noise in the bathroom?
— Yes. Dad is _____ a new shower (淋浴设备) in it.
A. putting on B. putting in
C. putting up D. putting out
( ) 5. It’s really hot in the room. You’d better _____ the
windows.
A. not closing B. not to close
C. don’t close D. not close
C
B
D
A. 根据句意以及所给的汉语或首字母提示,用合适的单词填空。
1. Dad, I can’t find my _______(胶带). Can you buy another roll for me?
2. These __________(月饼) look delicious. Did you make them by yourself, Betty?
3. Nico _______(粘贴) a few pictures onto her notebook just now.
4. There are two s_________ in my father’s study and they are full of books.
5. — Lily, is your painting c_________?
— No. I think I need one more day to finish it.
tape
mooncakes
glued
helves
omplete
II. 词汇填空。
6. There are several oil _______(金属容器) in front of the factory.
7. George didn’t go to the zoo last Sunday. _______(反而), he worked as a volunteer in the community centre.
8. Jane looked ___________(到处) for her new bike, but she didn’t find it.
9. My dad is a __________(手巧的人). He can fix almost everything at home.
10. When she arrived home, the house was a complete _______(杂乱).
cans
Instead
everywhere
handyman
mess
B. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
11. For George, travelling is a great way ________(relax).
12. I was _________(surprise) to hear that our school basketball team lost the game.
13. My grandfather is over 70 years old, but he never stops ________(learn).
14. How beautiful these ________(lamp) are! Let’s buy one to decorate our living room.
15. When you have dinner with Russians, remember not to use your left hand to pass food, because they think it’s ________(luck) to do it.
to relax
surprised
learning
lamps
unlucky
1. 你最好不要对盲盒着迷,否则你会不停地买。
You’d better not _________________ blind boxes, or you’ll keep buying them.
2. 彼得正在海滩上用沙子填一个洞。
Peter ______________________ on the beach.
3. 当海伦走进商店时,一件漂亮的裙子吸引了她的注意。
When Helen entered the shop, a beautiful dress _____________________.
4. 如果我妈妈发现厨房一团糟,她会生气的。
If my mum finds the kitchen _________________, she will get angry.
5. 苏珊是个非常细心的人,所以她在工作中很少犯错。
Susan is a very careful person, so she seldom _________________ at work.
6. 昨晚格林一家正在看电视,突然停电了。
The Greens were watching TV last night when _________________ suddenly happened.
Ⅲ. 根据所给的汉语意思,完成下面的句子。
be crazy about
is filling a hole with sand
caught her eye/attention
(is) in a mess
makes mistakes
a power cut
7. 我花了大约两个小时组装好这张书桌。
I spent about two hours _______ _______ this desk.
8. 米莉上周给她的朋友们制作了纸玫瑰。
Millie ______ ______ ______ ______ her friends last week.
9. 刷墙前,你需要先清洁墙面并穿上你的旧衣服。
Before ________ ______ ______, you need to clean it and put on your old clothes.
10. 地板上有一把剪刀。你最好把它收起来。
There is ______ ______ ______ _______ on the floor. You’d better put them away.
11. 对小汤姆来说,叠衣服有点困难。
It’s a bit difficult for little Tom ______ ______ ______ ______.
putting together
made paper roses for
painting the wall
a pair of scissors
to fold his/the clothes
Bye-Bye!
学习学康鹤彪
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