Unit 6 语法填空专项练习 2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦自然灾害与安全主题，通过10篇语篇100题系统训练语法填空，强化语境中语法知识的综合应用，提升语言理解与表达能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |自然灾害与安全主题语法填空|10篇短文（含火山爆发、海啸等场景），100题|语篇型语法填空，考查动词时态（一般过去时、过去进行时等）、非谓语动词（to do结构等）、词性转换（名词、形容词等）及连词、冠词等核心语法点|以真实灾害场景为载体，构建“语境理解-语法规则-语用表达”逻辑链条，覆盖初中核心语法体系，培养基于语篇的思维分析能力。|

Unit 6 语法填空专项练习 2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册（教师版） Passage 1 Mount Vesuvius is one of the most famous volcanoes in history. On that terrible day in 79 AD, Pliny the Younger 1 (stay) with his mother near Pompeii. The earth 2 (shake) for several days. That night, Pliny was 3 (sleep) when a huge earthquake happened. His mother rushed in 4 (wake) him up. They decided 5 (leave) the town. As they were leaving, they saw a dark cloud over the volcano. The cloud spread over the land 6 a flood. The air 7 (be) thick with smoke and ash. People all around 8 (cry) and shouting. After a 9 (night) of fear, the daylight returned. Everything was covered in ash, like snow 10 winter. Pliny and his mother survived the disaster and his writings still inspire us today. 【答案】 1．was staying 2．was shaking 3．sleeping 4．to wake 5．to leave 6．like 7．was 8．were crying 9．night 10．in 【导语】本文讲述公元 79 年维苏威火山喷发时，小普林尼和母亲在庞贝附近亲历地震与火山灾害、成功逃生的经历，他的记载流传至今。 【详解】1．句意：公元 79 年那个可怕的日子，小普林尼和母亲待在庞贝附近。时间状语on that terrible day in 79 AD特指当天，强调灾难发生当日他正和母亲身处此地，主语是第三人称单数，结构为was doing，用过去进行时。 2．句意：在那几天里，大地一直在摇晃。根据后文“a huge earthquake happened”可知，大地震发生前，大地持续晃动，用过去进行时，主语是第三人称单数，结构为was doing。 3．句意：当晚，大地震发生时，普林尼正在睡觉。“睡觉”这一动作在地震发生的那一刻正在进行，因此用过去进行时，结构为was doing。 4．句意：他的母亲冲进来叫醒他。不定式to wake作目的状语，表示母亲冲进来的目的是叫醒他。 5．句意：他们决定离开这座城镇。动词decide后接不定式，表示“决定做某事”。 6．句意：乌云像洪水一样向陆地蔓延开来。介词like表示比喻，“像……一样”。生动描绘乌云蔓延的样子。 7．句意：空气中充满浓烟和火山灰。描述当时空气的状态，时态为一般过去时；主语The air是单数，be动词用was。 8．句意：周围的人们都在哭喊。句中有and shouting，前后并列，都为现在分词，主语是people复数，因此前面用were crying构成过去进行时。 9．句意：经过一夜的恐惧，白昼终于回来了。 a night of fear，表示“一夜的恐惧”。 10．句意：一切都覆盖着火山灰，就像冬天的雪一样。季节前用介词in。 Passage 2 In making a poster about a natural disaster, it is important 11 (include) clear and useful information. First, explain 12 the disaster is and what causes it. For example, a tsunami is often 13 (cause) by earthquakes under the sea. Second, give advice on 14 people should behave during the disaster. Tell them 15 (stay) calm and move to safe places. Third, describe how technology can help. For example, warning systems can send 16 (message) to people’s phones. Finally, include stories of 17 (survive) who rebuilt their lives. This encourages people 18 (look) forward. With the support of family and friends, survivors can face 19 (difficult) with courage. A good poster should be 20 (inform) and inspiring. 【答案】 11．to include 12．what 13．caused 14．how 15．to stay 16．messages 17．survivors 18．to look 19．difficulties 20．informative 【导语】本文介绍制作自然灾害主题海报的方法，依次说明海报需要包含的四类关键信息：灾害成因、避险建议、科技救援手段以及幸存者故事，最后点明优质海报兼具知识性与鼓舞人心的作用。 【详解】11．句意：制作自然灾害海报时，包含清晰有用的信息是很重要的。固定句型it is important to do sth.，表示“做某事是重要的”，此处需要动词不定式，括号内动词include变为to include。 12．句意：首先，说明灾害是什么以及引发灾害的事物。explain后接宾语从句，从句缺少表语“什么”，使用连接词what引导从句。 13．句意：例如，海啸常常由海底地震引发。主语a tsunami和动词cause是被动关系，被动语态结构为be+过去分词，cause的过去分词是caused。 14．句意：其次，给出灾害期间人们应当如何行动的建议。根据后文behave（行为举止）可知此处表达“如何”，介词on后接how引导的宾语从句。 15．句意：告诉他们保持冷静并前往安全区域。固定搭配tell sb. to do sth.，意为“告诉某人做某事”，括号内stay变为不定式to stay。 16．句意：例如，预警系统可以向人们的手机发送信息。message是可数名词，前面无单数限定词，需使用复数形式messages。 17．句意：最后，收录幸存者重建生活的故事。介词of后接表示人的名词，括号内动词survive对应的表人名词为survivor；stories说明不止一位幸存者，使用复数survivors。 18．句意：这会鼓励人们向前看。固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，look变为不定式to look。 19．句意：在家人与朋友的支持下，幸存者能够勇敢面对困难。动词face后接名词作宾语，括号内形容词difficult对应的名词是difficulty；此处泛指各类磨难，用复数difficulties。 20．句意：一张好的海报应当兼具知识性与鼓舞性。be动词后需要形容词作表语，与并列词inspiring（鼓舞人心的）对应，动词inform的形容词形式为informative，意为“信息丰富的、知识性的”。 Passage 3 Steven is an engineer in a factory. He is busy working every day. He 21 (work) here for 5 years. He has a five-year-old daughter. He loves her very much, and nothing 22 (make) him happier than playing with his little daughter in his free time. Last Tuesday afternoon, while he 23 (walk) along the road, suddenly, he heard a woman crying for help. He ran up quickly there and asked, “What 24 (happen), lady?” “Oh, my baby is choking (窒息) on a piece of pear, what should I do?” The woman cried. The baby was too young 25 (save) herself, and the mother was so nervous that she 26 (not know) how to save her daughter properly. She 27 (not learn) first-aid knowledge yet. Luckily, Steven knew what to do. He took the baby in his arms without 28 (think) twice. With the mother’s help, he held the baby upside down and gave her a few pats (轻拍) on the back. After a short while, he succeeded in getting the piece of pear out of her mouth. Her mom was very thankful and said, “You are so kind, I won’t forget your kindness and what happened today.” Steven tried his best and saved the baby’s life. In his mind, helping others 29 (be) just helping himself. He hopes more and more people 30 (offer) to help people in need in the future. 【答案】 21．has worked 22．makes 23．was walking 24．is happening 25．to save 26．didn’t know 27．hadn’t learnt/hadn’t learned 28．thinking 29．is 30．will offer/can offer 【导语】本文通过讲述工程师Steven在上班途中运用急救知识救助窒息婴儿的故事，赞扬了他乐于助人的品质。 【详解】21．句意：他在这里工作已经5年了。时间状语for 5 years表示动作从过去持续至今，需使用现在完成时，且主语he为第三人称单数。 22．句意：没有什么事能比闲暇时陪小女儿玩耍更让他开心。根据“He loves...”和“and...”可知，本句时态为一般现在时。不定代词nothing作主语，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。 23．句意：上周二下午，当他正沿路行走时，突然听见一位女士呼救。while引导时间状语从句，从句walk为延续性动作；主句heard是瞬时动作，瞬时动作发生在持续动作的过程中，因此从句用过去进行时。 24．句意：女士，发生什么事了？现场即时询问当下正在发生的状况，使用现在进行时。疑问代词what作主语，谓语动词按第三人称单数变化。 25．句意：这个婴儿太小，无法自救。固定搭配too…to do sth.，意为“太……而不能……”，不定式作结果状语。 26．句意：母亲太紧张了，以至于不知道如何正确救女儿。全文主线为过去时态，本句描述当时母亲的状态应用一般过去时，一般过去时的否定结构为didn’t+动词原形。 27．句意：她还没有学过急救知识。故事发生在上周二下午，整体时态为一般过去时；“未学习急救知识” 这一动作发生在婴儿窒息、母亲慌乱这件过去事件之前，属于过去的过去，句中yet是完成时态标志性词汇，结合过去时间背景，所以用过去完成时；本空为否定含义，过去完成时否定结构为hadn’t +动词过去分词，learn的过去分词为learnt或learned。 28．句意：他毫不犹豫地抱起婴儿。介词“without”后接动词时，需用动名词形式。 29．句意：在他看来，帮助别人就是帮助自己。此处是一种人生哲理，应用一般现在时；动名词短语helping others作句子主语，谓语动词使用单数形式。 30．句意：他希望未来有更多人主动向有需要的人伸出援手。根据从句中的时间状语“in the future”可知，动作发生在将来，因此从句可使用一般将来时；也可以用情态动词can搭配动词原形offer，can此处表示“能够”，侧重期盼未来更多人可以主动提供帮助，带有主观期许的情感，贴合句子语境。 Passage 4 Natural disasters can happen anytime and anywhere. Last year, a sudden flood hit our village. It was raining heavily for three days, and the river near our village 31 (rise) quickly. When we realized what was happening, we 32 (try) to get to higher ground. My little sister was scared, but I 33 (tell) her to stay calm. We 34 (take) some food and water with us. When we arrived at the shelter, many people 35 (be) already there. Some volunteers 36 (give) us blankets and hot drinks. The flood 37 (destroy) many houses, but no one lost their life. After the flood, we 38 (learn) how to prepare for such disasters. We 39 (make) an emergency kit with flashlights, medicine and food. We also 40 (know) where to go if there was another flood. 【答案】 31．rose 32．tried 33．told 34．took 35．were 36．gave/were giving 37．destroyed 38．learned 39．made 40．knew 【导语】本文回忆去年村庄遭遇洪水的亲身经历，按照时间顺序记叙洪水来袭、紧急转移、避难安置以及灾后防灾准备全过程，通篇使用一般过去时叙述过去发生的事件。 【详解】31．句意：大雨连续下了三天，村子附近的河水迅速上涨。文章以last year为时间背景，讲述过去发生的洪水事件，河水上涨是过去发生并完成的动作，rise的过去式为rose，使用一般过去时。 32．句意：当我们意识到正在发生什么时，我们努力前往地势更高的地方。全文叙述去年洪水发生时的往事，动作发生在过去，try的过去式为tried，用一般过去时。 33．句意：我的小妹妹很害怕，但我告诉她保持冷静。故事发生在过去，“告诉”是当时发生的动作，tell的过去式为told，用一般过去时。 34．句意：我们随身带上了一些食物和水。动作发生在洪水发生的过去，take的过去式为took，使用一般过去时。 35．句意：当我们到达避难所时，很多人已经在那里了。主语many people是复数，句子描述过去的状态，be动词选用were。 36．句意：一些志愿者给我们分发毯子和热饮。本处可理解为到达避难所时志愿者正在分发物资，可用过去进行时were giving；也可单纯陈述过去发生的动作，give过去式gave，两种形式均合理。 37．句意：洪水摧毁了许多房屋，但没有人遇难。叙述洪水期间已经发生的事实，destroy的过去式为destroyed，使用一般过去时。 38．句意：洪水过后，我们学习如何应对这类灾害。讲述洪灾结束之后发生的事情，属于过去的动作，learn的过去式为learned，用一般过去时。 39．句意：我们准备了装有手电筒、药品和食物的应急包。动作发生在灾后，属于过去发生的行为，make的过去式为made，采用一般过去时。 40．句意：我们也清楚如果再次遭遇洪水该去往何处。描述灾后我们掌握相关避险地点这一过去形成的认知，know的过去式为knew，使用一般过去时。 Passage 5 Ben could hear strong winds outside his home in Alabama. Black clouds were 41 (make) the sky very dark. With no light outside, it 42 (feel) like midnight. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area. Everyone in the neighborhood was busy. Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows 43 his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. She also put some candles and 44 (match) on the table. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat 45 (heavy) against the windows. After dinner, they tried to play a card game, but it was hard to have fun with a serious storm 46 (happen) outside. Ben could not sleep at first. He finally fell 47 (sleep) when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. When he 48 (wake) up, the sun was rising. He went outside with his family and found the neighborhood in a mess. 49 (fall) trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together. Although the storm broke many things apart, it 50 (bring) families and neighbors closer together. 【答案】 41．making 42．felt 43．while 44．matches 45．heavily 46．happening 47．asleep 48．woke 49．Fallen 50．brought 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述阿拉巴马州一场猛烈暴风雨来袭的全过程，描写Ben一家提前做出各项居家防护举措、度过风暴的经历，风暴过后邻里互帮互助，拉近了家人以及街坊彼此的距离。 【详解】41．句意：乌云密布，正让天空变得十分昏暗。句子时态为过去进行时，过去进行时结构为“were + 现在分词”，make的现在分词形式是making，故填making。 42．句意：外面没有光亮，天色感觉就如同午夜一般。整篇叙事采用一般过去时，feel的过去式为felt，故填felt。 43．句意：Ben的爸爸正把木板铺在窗户上，与此同时妈妈检查手电筒、收音机能否正常工作。此处用while引导时间状语从句，表示两个动作同步发生，意为“与此同时”，故填while。 44．句意：她还在桌面上摆放了一些蜡烛以及火柴。限定词some后面需要接可数名词复数，match复数形式是matches，故填matches。 45．句意：Ben正帮妈妈做晚饭，这时雨开始猛烈地敲打窗户。此处单词修饰动词beat，要选用副词，heavy对应的副词形式是heavily，故填heavily。 46．句意：晚饭后他们试着玩纸牌游戏，但屋外正发生猛烈风暴，很难玩得开心。此处为with的复合结构，“with + 名词 + 现在分词”可表示动作正在进行，happen变形为happening，故填happening。 47．句意：起初Ben难以入眠，凌晨三点风势减弱的时候他终于睡着了。固定短语fall asleep意思是入睡，符合语境，故填asleep。 48．句意：当他醒来的时候，太阳已经升起。全篇使用过去时态，wake过去式为woke，故填woke。 49．句意：他和家人出门之后发现街区一片狼藉，倒伏的树木、破损的窗户和垃圾随处可见。此处需要形容词修饰trees，fallen表示“已经倒下的”，置于句首首字母大写，故填Fallen。 50．句意：尽管风暴毁坏了诸多物件，但它让家人与邻里之间变得更为亲密。主句描述过往发生的事件，采用一般过去时，bring过去式是brought，故填brought。 Passage 6 Understanding how to prepare for and respond to disasters is a key part of modern life. Today, we have more tools than ever before. For example, weather satellites can 51 (track) storms from space, giving us days of warning before they make landfall. Seismometers 52 (measure) the earth’s movements and can sometimes provide a few seconds’ warning before 53 (feel) an earthquake. This information is useless if people don’t know what to do with it. That’s why education is so important. Schools and communities teach people how to 54 (react). They learn to “Drop, Cover, and Hold On” during an earthquake, or to move to 55 (high) ground during a flood warning. 56 (have) a prepared mind is as important as having a prepared emergency kit. When you know what 57 (expect) and have practiced your response, you are less likely to panic. You can think clearly and 58 (take) the right actions to protect yourself and your family. 59 (understand) disasters doesn’t mean living in fear. It means living with confidence, 60 (know) that you are prepared to face challenges. 【答案】 51．track 52．measure 53．feeling 54．react 55．higher 56．Having 57．to expect 58．take 59．Understanding 60．knowing 【导语】本文介绍了现代科技如何帮助人们监测自然灾害，并强调了教育和心理准备在应对灾害中的重要性。 【详解】51．句意：例如，气象卫星可以从太空追踪风暴，在它们登陆前给我们数天的预警。情态动词can后接动词原形，故填track。 52．句意：地震仪测量地球的运动，有时可以在感觉到地震前提供几秒钟的预警。句子描述一般事实，主语Seismometers为复数，谓语动词用原形，故填measure。 53．句意：地震仪测量地球的运动，有时可以在感觉到地震前提供几秒钟的预警。介词before后接动名词形式，故填feeling。 54．句意：学校和社区教人们如何应对。疑问词how后接动词不定式结构，react用原形。 55．句意：他们学会在地震时“蹲下、掩护、抓牢”，或在洪水警报期间转移到更高的地方。根据语境，洪水时应转移到“更高的”地方，用形容词比较级higher修饰ground。 56．句意：拥有有准备的心态和有准备的应急包同样重要。此处作句子的主语，需用动名词短语Having a prepared mind，首字母大写，故填Having。 57．句意：当你知道会发生什么并练习过应对方式时，你就不太可能恐慌。疑问词what后接动词不定式作宾语，构成“what to do”结构。故填to expect。 58．句意：你可以清晰地思考并采取正确的行动来保护自己和家人。情态动词can后接动词原形，与think并列，故填take。 59．句意：了解灾害并不意味着生活在恐惧中。此处作句子的主语，需用动名词Understanding，首字母大写。 60．句意：它意味着带着信心生活，知道自己已准备好面对挑战。句中已有谓语动词means，此处用现在分词knowing作伴随状语，表示“知道”这个状态伴随“生活”，故填knowing。 Passage 7 Natural disasters can happen suddenly and 61 (cause) a lot of damage. It is very important 62 (know) what to do when they strike. For example, during an earthquake, if you 63 (be) indoors, you should “Drop, Cover, and Hold On.” 64 (drop) to the ground, take cover under a strong piece of furniture, and hold on until the shaking stops. 65 (not use) elevators. If there is a flood warning, you should move to 66 (high) ground immediately. 67 (not walk) or drive through floodwater. Having an emergency plan for your family is crucial. You should decide 68 (meet) and how to contact each other if separated. Also, prepare an emergency kit with enough food, water, and 69 (medicine) to last for at least three days. 70 (learn) about disasters and preparing in advance can save lives. 【答案】 61．cause 62．to know 63．are 64．Drop 65．Do not use/Don’t use 66．higher 67．Do not walk/Don’t walk 68．where to meet 69．medicine 70．Learning 【导语】本文主要介绍了应对自然灾害的一些常识和准备工作。 【详解】61．句意：自然灾害可能突然发生并造成巨大破坏。根据并列连词“and”可知，此处动词与前面的“happen”并列，共同作为情态动词“can”的谓语，情态动词后需接动词原形。 62．句意：了解灾害来袭时该怎么做十分重要。根据句型结构“It is very important…”可知，此处是“It is+adj.+to do sth.”句型，要求使用动词不定式作真正的主语。 63．句意：例如，地震发生时，如果你在室内，应当遵循 “蹲下、掩护、抓牢” 原则。根据主句“you should ‘Drop, Cover, and Hold On.’”中的情态动词“should”可知，“if”引导的条件状语从句需遵循主句含有情态动词时从句用一般现在时的原则，主语为you，系动词用are。 64．句意：趴在地上，躲在结实的家具下面，抓紧直到震动停止。根据后文“take cover…and hold on”可知，此处为几个连续动作的并列祈使句，需用动词原形开头，且位于句首单词的首字母需大写。 65．句意：不要乘坐电梯。根据语境和句子结构可知，本句没有主语，为祈使句的否定形式，需在动词原形前加Don’t或Do not，且位于句首单词的首字母需大写。 66．句意：如果收到洪水预警，你应当立刻前往地势更高的地方。根据常识和语境“If there is a flood warning”可知，发生洪水时要向更高的地方转移，此处暗含与当前位置的对比，需用形容词high的比较级higher。 67．句意：不要涉水行走，也不要驾车穿过洪水。根据并列成分“or drive”以及没有主语的结构可知，此处为祈使句的否定形式，需在动词原形前加Don’t或Do not，且位于句首单词的首字母需大写。 68．句意：你们应当约定好失散后的集合地点，以及互相联系的方式。根据后文“and how to contact each other”可知，此处结构应保持一致，要求使用疑问词加动词不定式结构作“decide”的宾语，结合常识此处表示决定在哪里碰头。 69．句意：同时，准备一套应急物资包，备好足够维持至少三天的食物、饮用水和药品。根据并列的不可数名词“food, water”可知，此处泛指药物，名词medicine作不可数名词符合语境。 70．句意：学习防灾知识、提前做好准备能够挽救生命。根据谓语动词“can save”和并列成分“and preparing”可知，此处需用动名词形式作句子的主语，且位于句首单词的首字母需大写。 Passage 8 When a major disaster strikes, the first 72 hours are often the most critical for 71 (rescue) efforts. Rescue teams from all over the country, sometimes the world, rush to the scene. Their job is 72 (find) and save survivors as quickly as possible. These teams use advanced equipment like life-detecting devices and trained dogs 73 (locate) people 74 (trap) under collapsed buildings. Every minute counts. At the same time, other forms of aid 75 (deliver). Medical teams set up field hospitals 76 (treat) the injured. Temporary shelters are built 77 (provide) a safe place for those who lost their homes. Food, water, and blankets are distributed. The spirit of unity and helping one another often shines brightest during these difficult times. People donate money, blood, and their time as volunteers. Stories of 78 (hero) and selflessness 79 (emerge), reminding us of the strength of the human spirit in the face of 80 (adversity). 【答案】 71．rescue 72．to find 73．to locate 74．trapped 75．are delivered 76．to treat 77．to provide 78．heroism 79．emerge 80．adversity 【导语】本文讲述了重大灾难发生后的救援工作，包括搜救队的紧急行动、医疗救护、临时安置以及社会各界的援助，展现了人类在逆境中团结互助的精神力量。 【详解】71．句意：当重大灾难发生时，最初的72小时通常是救援工作最关键的时期。此处需要名词修饰名词efforts，“rescue efforts”表示“救援工作”，用名词rescue作定语。 72．句意：他们的工作是尽快找到并拯救幸存者。本句为主系表结构，is后需用不定式to find作表语，说明主语job的具体内容。 73．句意：这些队伍使用先进的设备，如生命探测仪和训练有素的搜救犬，来定位被困在倒塌建筑物下的人。use sth. to do sth.意为“使用某物做某事”，不定式to locate在此处作目的状语。 74．句意：这些队伍使用先进的设备，如生命探测仪和训练有素的搜救犬，来定位被困在倒塌建筑物下的人。空格修饰名词people，people与trap之间是被动关系，表示“被困的人”，需用过去分词trapped作后置定语表被动。 75．句意：与此同时，各类援助物资正在被运送。主语“other forms of aid”与动词“deliver”是被动关系，全文为一般现在时，主语为复数，一般现在时被动语态结构为“are+动词过去分词”，deliver的过去分词为delivered。 76．句意：医疗队搭建野战医院来治疗伤者。搭建野战医院的目的是治疗伤者，需用不定式to treat作目的状语。 77．句意：搭建临时避难所，为那些失去家园的人提供一个安全的地方。搭建临时避难所的目的是提供安全场所，需用不定式to provide作目的状语。 78．句意：诸多英雄事迹与无私奉献的故事不断涌现。介词of后需填入抽象名词，与后文selflessness“无私”并列，heroism意为“英雄主义、英勇事迹”，符合并列结构要求。 79．句意：诸多英雄事迹与无私奉献的故事不断涌现。全文为一般现在时，主语Stories为复数，谓语动词用原形emerge。 80．句意：提醒我们人类精神在面对逆境时的力量。介词of后需接名词，adversity本身为不可数名词，意为“逆境、困境”，直接作介词宾语，“in the face of adversity”表示“面对逆境”。 Passage 9 Hello everyone, today our group 81 (present) on “Fire Safety in High-Rise Buildings.” Our goal is 82 (provide) you with practical knowledge. First, we 83 (show) you the location of fire exits and stairwells on this floor plan. It is vital 84 (know) these in advance. If you hear the fire alarm, do not use the elevators. You should use the stairs to evacuate 85 (quick). Second, we will discuss 86 (prevent) measures. Never block fire doors or corridors. Be careful with 87 (cook) and electrical appliances. Finally, we will demonstrate how to use a fire extinguisher 88 (proper). Remember the acronym PASS: Pull the pin, Aim at the base of the fire, Squeeze the handle, and Sweep from side to side. We 89 (practise) this presentation several times to ensure the information is clear. We hope you 90 (find) it useful. Thank you. 【答案】 81．will present/is presenting 82．to provide 83．will show 84．to know 85．quickly 86．prevention 87．cooking 88．properly 89．have practised/practised 90．will find 【导语】本文是一篇演讲稿，主要围绕高层建筑消防安全展开宣讲，依次介绍逃生要点、预防措施与灭火器使用方法。 【详解】81．句意：大家好，今天我们小组将要/正开展一场主题为“高层建筑消防安全”的宣讲。开篇是现场演讲开场语境，today点明当下宣讲场景，will present表即将进行的动作，is presenting表此刻正在开展宣讲，两种形式都贴合小组现场发言的语境。 82．句意：我们的目标是为大家提供实用知识。one’s goal is to do sth.表示“某人的目标是做某事”，结合语境，此处用不定式作表语，用来说明宣讲小组的核心目的。 83．句意：首先，我们会向大家展示这张楼层平面图里安全出口与楼梯的位置。后文多处使用will discuss、will demonstrate表宣讲流程里后续要完成的动作，此处并列承接宣讲步骤，用一般将来时will show匹配全文演讲流程的语境。 84．句意：提前了解这些信息至关重要。It is vital to do sth.意为“做某事是至关重要的”，it作形式主语，不定式to do为真正主语，结合语境，提前熟悉逃生通道是宣讲着重强调的关键事项，该句式适配此处表达。 85．句意：你应当走楼梯快速疏散。空格修饰动词evacuate（疏散），需要副词；形容词quick转换为副词quickly（快速地），贴合火情发生时要迅速撤离的消防安全语境。 86．句意：第二，我们会讨论预防措施。空格修饰名词measures，需要名词作定语；动词prevent转化为名词prevention，prevention measures意为“预防措施”，对应下文封堵防火门、小心厨具电器等防火相关内容。 87．句意：使用烹饪厨具和电器时要多加小心。介词with后接名词/动名词，cooking在此处指代烹饪相关操作，指代用火做饭的行为，贴合防火安全、防范厨房起火的语境。 88．句意：最后，我们会演示如何正确使用灭火器。空格修饰动词use，需要副词；形容词proper变为副词properly（正确地），用来修饰使用灭火器这个动作，贴合规范操作消防器材的宣讲语境。 89．句意：我们已经多次演练过这场宣讲，确保讲解内容清晰易懂。后文several times（数次）说明演练是宣讲前已经完成的动作，have practised现在完成时，强调过去演练对现在宣讲的影响；practised一般过去时，单纯陈述过去演练的行为，均贴合事前反复彩排的语境。 90．句意：我们希望大家会觉得本次宣讲内容实用。宣讲还未结束，听众感受是听完宣讲之后才会产生的，结合语境用一般将来时will find，表达小组对听众后续感受的期许。 Passage 10 Peter is a fifteen-year-old boy from England. He had an unforgettable holiday—when he was spending time with his dad and sister, they faced 91 terrible tsunami (海啸). Here is what he remembered. When the tsunami hit, we 92 (sleep). My sister and I woke up because we heard police sirens (警笛). We left Dad asleep and went to find out what was going on. Outside, people were standing in shock. 93 (sudden) a man shouted, “Another wave (海浪)... there’s another one coming!” We ran as quickly as possible to our room and found Dad 94 (talk) on the phone with Mom, but the phone 95 (stop) working. We three decided to leave. On our way to the airport, we saw the beach. It was full of 96 (break) beach umbrellas and boats. Many people were looking for their 97 (family). It was terrible! We were safe because we hadn’t gone to the beach earlier that morning! Lots of other people weren’t that lucky. We just wanted to go home, 98 when we got to the airport, we were told that the airport was not in service! That day changed 99 (we) lives. It made us realize that life is precious (珍贵的) and 100 important it is to be with family. 【答案】 91．a 92．were sleeping 93．Suddenly 94．talking/was talking 95．stopped 96．broken 97．families 98．but 99．our 100．how 【导语】本文叙述了Peter一家遭遇海啸的难忘经历，以及此事让他们感悟到生命珍贵、陪伴家人的重要性。 【详解】91．句意：他有一次难忘的假期——当他和爸爸、妹妹在一起时，他们遭遇了一场可怕的海啸。tsunami是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，用不定冠词a。 92．句意：海啸来袭时，我们正在睡觉。when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句表示过去正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，结构为“was/were+动词现在分词”；主语we是复数，be动词用were。 93．句意：突然，一个男人大喊：“又一个海浪……又来了一个！”此处需用副词作状语修饰整个句子，sudden的副词形式是suddenly，位于句首要大写首字母。 94．句意：我们以最快速度跑回房间，发现爸爸正在和妈妈通电话，但是电话断线了。find sb. doing sth.表示“发现某人正在做某事”；find后面还可以接that从句（that可以省略），本句表示兄妹俩进屋发现爸爸“正在”给妈妈打电话，用过去进行时，结构为“was/were+动词现在分词”，从句主语Dad为第三人称单数形式，be动词用was。所以本空可以填写两种答案。 95．句意：我们以最快速度跑回房间，发现爸爸正在和妈妈通电话，但是电话断线了。全文叙述过去发生的事，此处用一般过去时，stop的过去式是stopped。 96．句意：海滩上到处都是破损的沙滩伞和船只。此处需用形容词作定语，修饰名词beach umbrellas and boats，break的形容词形式broken意为“破损的”。 97．句意：很多人正在寻找他们的家人。their后接可数名词复数，family在此处指“家人”，复数形式是families。 98．句意：我们只想回家，但到了机场却被告知机场停止运营了。前后分句是转折关系，用并列连词but连接。 99．句意：那一天改变了我们的生活。此处需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词lives，we的形容词性物主代词是our。 100．句意：它让我们意识到生命是珍贵的，和家人在一起有多重要。此处是感叹句作宾语从句，how修饰形容词important，符合感叹句结构。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 语法填空专项练习 2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册（学生版） Passage 1 Mount Vesuvius is one of the most famous volcanoes in history. On that terrible day in 79 AD, Pliny the Younger 1 (stay) with his mother near Pompeii. The earth 2 (shake) for several days. That night, Pliny was 3 (sleep) when a huge earthquake happened. His mother rushed in 4 (wake) him up. They decided 5 (leave) the town. As they were leaving, they saw a dark cloud over the volcano. The cloud spread over the land 6 a flood. The air 7 (be) thick with smoke and ash. People all around 8 (cry) and shouting. After a 9 (night) of fear, the daylight returned. Everything was covered in ash, like snow 10 winter. Pliny and his mother survived the disaster and his writings still inspire us today. Passage 2 In making a poster about a natural disaster, it is important 11 (include) clear and useful information. First, explain 12 the disaster is and what causes it. For example, a tsunami is often 13 (cause) by earthquakes under the sea. Second, give advice on 14 people should behave during the disaster. Tell them 15 (stay) calm and move to safe places. Third, describe how technology can help. For example, warning systems can send 16 (message) to people’s phones. Finally, include stories of 17 (survive) who rebuilt their lives. This encourages people 18 (look) forward. With the support of family and friends, survivors can face 19 (difficult) with courage. A good poster should be 20 (inform) and inspiring. Passage 3 Steven is an engineer in a factory. He is busy working every day. He 21 (work) here for 5 years. He has a five-year-old daughter. He loves her very much, and nothing 22 (make) him happier than playing with his little daughter in his free time. Last Tuesday afternoon, while he 23 (walk) along the road, suddenly, he heard a woman crying for help. He ran up quickly there and asked, “What 24 (happen), lady?” “Oh, my baby is choking (窒息) on a piece of pear, what should I do?” The woman cried. The baby was too young 25 (save) herself, and the mother was so nervous that she 26 (not know) how to save her daughter properly. She 27 (not learn) first-aid knowledge yet. Luckily, Steven knew what to do. He took the baby in his arms without 28 (think) twice. With the mother’s help, he held the baby upside down and gave her a few pats (轻拍) on the back. After a short while, he succeeded in getting the piece of pear out of her mouth. Her mom was very thankful and said, “You are so kind, I won’t forget your kindness and what happened today.” Steven tried his best and saved the baby’s life. In his mind, helping others 29 (be) just helping himself. He hopes more and more people 30 (offer) to help people in need in the future. Passage 4 Natural disasters can happen anytime and anywhere. Last year, a sudden flood hit our village. It was raining heavily for three days, and the river near our village 31 (rise) quickly. When we realized what was happening, we 32 (try) to get to higher ground. My little sister was scared, but I 33 (tell) her to stay calm. We 34 (take) some food and water with us. When we arrived at the shelter, many people 35 (be) already there. Some volunteers 36 (give) us blankets and hot drinks. The flood 37 (destroy) many houses, but no one lost their life. After the flood, we 38 (learn) how to prepare for such disasters. We 39 (make) an emergency kit with flashlights, medicine and food. We also 40 (know) where to go if there was another flood. Passage 5 Ben could hear strong winds outside his home in Alabama. Black clouds were 41 (make) the sky very dark. With no light outside, it 42 (feel) like midnight. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area. Everyone in the neighborhood was busy. Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows 43 his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. She also put some candles and 44 (match) on the table. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat 45 (heavy) against the windows. After dinner, they tried to play a card game, but it was hard to have fun with a serious storm 46 (happen) outside. Ben could not sleep at first. He finally fell 47 (sleep) when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. When he 48 (wake) up, the sun was rising. He went outside with his family and found the neighborhood in a mess. 49 (fall) trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together. Although the storm broke many things apart, it 50 (bring) families and neighbors closer together. Passage 6 Understanding how to prepare for and respond to disasters is a key part of modern life. Today, we have more tools than ever before. For example, weather satellites can 51 (track) storms from space, giving us days of warning before they make landfall. Seismometers 52 (measure) the earth’s movements and can sometimes provide a few seconds’ warning before 53 (feel) an earthquake. This information is useless if people don’t know what to do with it. That’s why education is so important. Schools and communities teach people how to 54 (react). They learn to “Drop, Cover, and Hold On” during an earthquake, or to move to 55 (high) ground during a flood warning. 56 (have) a prepared mind is as important as having a prepared emergency kit. When you know what 57 (expect) and have practiced your response, you are less likely to panic. You can think clearly and 58 (take) the right actions to protect yourself and your family. 59 (understand) disasters doesn’t mean living in fear. It means living with confidence, 60 (know) that you are prepared to face challenges. Passage 7 Natural disasters can happen suddenly and 61 (cause) a lot of damage. It is very important 62 (know) what to do when they strike. For example, during an earthquake, if you 63 (be) indoors, you should “Drop, Cover, and Hold On.” 64 (drop) to the ground, take cover under a strong piece of furniture, and hold on until the shaking stops. 65 (not use) elevators. If there is a flood warning, you should move to 66 (high) ground immediately. 67 (not walk) or drive through floodwater. Having an emergency plan for your family is crucial. You should decide 68 (meet) and how to contact each other if separated. Also, prepare an emergency kit with enough food, water, and 69 (medicine) to last for at least three days. 70 (learn) about disasters and preparing in advance can save lives. Passage 8 When a major disaster strikes, the first 72 hours are often the most critical for 71 (rescue) efforts. Rescue teams from all over the country, sometimes the world, rush to the scene. Their job is 72 (find) and save survivors as quickly as possible. These teams use advanced equipment like life-detecting devices and trained dogs 73 (locate) people 74 (trap) under collapsed buildings. Every minute counts. At the same time, other forms of aid 75 (deliver). Medical teams set up field hospitals 76 (treat) the injured. Temporary shelters are built 77 (provide) a safe place for those who lost their homes. Food, water, and blankets are distributed. The spirit of unity and helping one another often shines brightest during these difficult times. People donate money, blood, and their time as volunteers. Stories of 78 (hero) and selflessness 79 (emerge), reminding us of the strength of the human spirit in the face of 80 (adversity). Passage 9 Hello everyone, today our group 81 (present) on “Fire Safety in High-Rise Buildings.” Our goal is 82 (provide) you with practical knowledge. First, we 83 (show) you the location of fire exits and stairwells on this floor plan. It is vital 84 (know) these in advance. If you hear the fire alarm, do not use the elevators. You should use the stairs to evacuate 85 (quick). Second, we will discuss 86 (prevent) measures. Never block fire doors or corridors. Be careful with 87 (cook) and electrical appliances. Finally, we will demonstrate how to use a fire extinguisher 88 (proper). Remember the acronym PASS: Pull the pin, Aim at the base of the fire, Squeeze the handle, and Sweep from side to side. We 89 (practise) this presentation several times to ensure the information is clear. We hope you 90 (find) it useful. Thank you. Passage 10 Peter is a fifteen-year-old boy from England. He had an unforgettable holiday—when he was spending time with his dad and sister, they faced 91 terrible tsunami (海啸). Here is what he remembered. When the tsunami hit, we 92 (sleep). My sister and I woke up because we heard police sirens (警笛). We left Dad asleep and went to find out what was going on. Outside, people were standing in shock. 93 (sudden) a man shouted, “Another wave (海浪)... there’s another one coming!” We ran as quickly as possible to our room and found Dad 94 (talk) on the phone with Mom, but the phone 95 (stop) working. We three decided to leave. On our way to the airport, we saw the beach. It was full of 96 (break) beach umbrellas and boats. Many people were looking for their 97 (family). It was terrible! We were safe because we hadn’t gone to the beach earlier that morning! Lots of other people weren’t that lucky. We just wanted to go home, 98 when we got to the airport, we were told that the airport was not in service! That day changed 99 (we) lives. It made us realize that life is precious (珍贵的) and 100 important it is to be with family. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $