Unit 1 Friendship 小题提优训练- 2026-2027学年译林版八年级上册英语

**基本信息** 聚焦Unit 1 Friendship核心词汇与语法，通过分层题型系统强化词形转换、词汇拼写及句型应用，助力语言能力与学习能力提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词形转换|30题|考查名词、形容词、副词等词性变化|围绕“友谊”主题词汇，从基础词形到派生转换，构建词汇网络| |单词拼写|20题|根据汉语提示填写核心词汇|强化单元重点词汇记忆，关联语境理解与拼写准确性| |完成句子|10题|补全含固定搭配的句型|整合词汇与语法，训练“词汇-句型-意义”的表达逻辑| |短文填空|20题|语法填空与首字母填空|通过语篇巩固词汇运用，体现“词-句-篇”的知识递进|

译林版（新教材）八年级上册Unit 1 Friendship 小题提优训练 答案+解析 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（30小题） 1. truth 解析：the后接名词，true形容词，名词truth“真相”。the truth of the matter 事情的真相。 2. bored 解析：get+形容词，修饰人用bored感到无聊的；boring修饰事物。 3. secrets 解析：one’s secret(s) 秘密，此处用复数secrets，keep one’s secrets 保守秘密。 4. the worst 解析：固定搭配 hope for the best but prepare for the worst 抱最好的希望，做最坏的打算。 5. humorous 解析：修饰名词boy用形容词，humor名词，humorous“幽默的”。 6. cheerfulest / most cheerful 解析：in our group表范围，用形容词最高级；cheerful多音节，最高级most cheerful。 7. careless 解析：根据后文makes silly mistakes犯低级错误，可知是“粗心的”careless。 8. simple 解析：as…as中间用形容词原级。 9. lie 解析：It’s not right to do sth. to后接动词原形lie“说谎”。 10. encouragement 解析：the+名词+of；encourage动词，encouragement名词“鼓励”。with the encouragement of 在……的鼓励下。 11. scared 解析：be scared by…被……吓到，修饰人scared感到害怕的。 12. more patient 解析：than比较级标志；patient比较级more patient。 13. friendship 解析：value our friendship 珍惜我们的友谊；friend朋友，friendship友谊。 14. winner 解析：the+名词；win动词，winner“获胜者”。 15. really 解析：修饰形容词interesting用副词really。 16. honesty 解析：his形容词性物主代词后接名词；honest形容词，honesty“诚实”。 17. happiness 解析：with+名词；happy形容词，happiness名词“开心”。cry with happiness 开心地哭。 18. foreigners 解析：many后接可数名词复数；foreign形容词，foreigner外国人，复数foreigners。 19. dying/dead 解析：be dying快要枯死；dead死的。这棵老树快枯死了，需要种新树，填dying更贴合语境。 20. meaningful 解析：修饰名词activity用形容词；mean动词，meaningful“有意义的”。 21. thought 解析：the good thought 好想法；think动词，thought名词“想法”。 22. sharing 解析：固定搭配 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事。 23. thoughtful 解析：修饰名词friends用形容词；thoughtful“体贴的，会思考的”。 24. to describe 解析：固定句型 It’s +adj.+to do sth.做某事是……。 25. to keep 解析：encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事。 26. solving 解析：after介词，后接动名词doing。 27. height 解析：the+名词+of；high形容词，height名词“高度”。 28. teenagers’ 解析：青少年的视野；teenager复数teenagers，所有格teenagers’。 29. bravery 解析：his后接名词；brave形容词，bravery名词“勇敢”。 30. understanding 解析：be+形容词；understanding善解人意的。 二、根据汉语提示完成单词（20小题） 1. sense 解析：a sense of direction 方向感。 2. seldom 解析：seldom副词，很少。 3. taught himself 解析：teach oneself自学；worked过去式，故teach用过去式taught。 4. encourages 解析：often一般现在时，主语our teacher三单，encourages鼓励。 5. However 解析：however然而，句首大写。 6. trustworthy 解析：trustworthy形容词，值得信赖的。 7. seats 解析：those后接复数名词seats座位。 8. worse 解析：even修饰比较级；bad比较级worse更差。 9. thoughtful 解析：thoughtful体贴的。 10. cheerful 解析：cheerful乐观快乐的。 11. laughter 解析：loud laughter 大声的笑声。 12. caring/thoughtful 解析：体贴的；caring/thoughtful均可。 13. attacked 解析：but后stopped过去式，attack用过去式attacked攻击。 14. badminton 解析：play badminton打羽毛球。 15. brave 解析：brave形容词勇敢的，修饰firefighter。 16. test 解析：pass the test通过测试。 17. upset 解析：upset沮丧的。 18. energy 解析：energy名词活力。 19. understand 解析：主语we，动词原形understand理解。 20. jokes 解析：tell jokes讲笑话，复数。 三、完成句子（10小题） 1. attack people in danger 解析：in danger 在危险中；助动词do not后接动词原形attack。 2. keep secrets for 解析：keep secrets for sb.为某人保守秘密；should后接动词原形。 3. cheer you up 解析：cheer sb. up使某人振作；how to do，to后接动词原形。 4. not as/so colourful as 解析：not as/so +形容词原级+as 不如……；colourful丰富多彩的。 5. support you 解析：support you支持你；will情态动词后动词原形。 6. pay attention to the good things in life 解析：pay attention to关注；learn to do，to后接动词原形。 7. has a good sense of humour 解析：have a good sense of humour很有幽默感；主语head teacher三单has。 8. feel bored; around 解析：feel bored感到无聊；with sb. around有某人在身边。will+动词原形。 9. quarrel/argue; calm down 解析：argue/quarrel with sb.和某人争吵；calm down冷静；if条件从句一般现在时；should后动词原形。 10. is willing to share; with 解析：be willing to do乐意做；share…with…和……分享；主语he，be动词is。 四、短文填空 第一篇（语法填空，给词适当形式/填一词） 1. our 解析：修饰名词life用形容词性物主代词our我们的。 2. an 解析：outgoing元音音素开头，an outgoing girl一个外向女孩。 3. (the) hardest 解析：Of all my friends最高级标志；study hardest学习最努力。副词最高级the可省略。 4. more talented 解析：than比较级标志；talented多音节，more talented。 5. and 解析：Karen and I 凯伦和我，并列主语。 6. songs 解析：all kinds of后接可数名词复数songs。 7. to do 解析：try one’s best to do sth.尽最大努力做某事。 8. got 解析：last week上周一般过去时，get过去式got。 9. twice 解析：twice a week一周两次。two基数词→twice频率副词。 10. will make 解析：in the near future在不久的将来，一般将来时will+动词原形。 第二篇（首字母填空） 1. another 解析：another kind of 另外一种。 2. mine 解析：next to mine = next to my bed，名词性物主代词mine我的（病床）。 3. older 解析：数字+years older than sb.比某人大几岁；than比较级。 4. alone 解析：alone and afraid孤独又害怕。 5. because 解析：父母送我去托儿所，因为他们很忙，表原因。 6. foreign 解析：后文language differences语言差异，foreign外国的。 7. began 解析：begin with以……开始；全文过去时，begin过去式began。 8. beat 解析：try to beat each other 努力打败对方；to后动词原形beat。 9. same 解析：the same as 和……一样固定搭配。 10. thank 解析：thank sb. for sth.因某事感谢某人；should后接动词原形。 答案：1.another 2.mine 3.older 4.alone 5.because 6.foreign 7.began 8.beat 9.same 10.thank 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 译林版（新教材）八年级上册Unit 1 Friendship 小题提优训练 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 (本大题共 30 小题，每小题 1 分，共 30 分)。 1．You will finally know the ________ (true) of the matter. 2．I never get ________ (bore) when I play computer games. 3．She kept her friend’s ________ (secret) from everyone for years. 4．—I’m not hopeful of my success. —Hope for the best but prepare for ________ (bad), my friend. 5．Alex is a ________ (humor) boy. He likes telling jokes to make his classmates laugh. 6．Sandy is the ________ (cheerful) person in our group. She always makes us laugh. 7．He is a ________ (care) boy, he often makes silly mistakes in exams. 8．Learning Chinese may not be as ________ (simple) as learning French. 9．It’s not right to ________ (lie) to your friends. 10．With the ________ of his parents, Jim made great progress in math. (encourage) 11．The old man was ________ (scare) by the sudden thunder. 12．My sister is ________ (patient) than me. She can wait for a long time without getting angry. 13．We all value our ________ (friend) deeply. 14．Who is the ________ (win) of the English singing competition? 15．It’s ________ (real) interesting to learn after-school clubs. 16．His ________ (honest) makes all teachers trust him. 17．The little girl cried with ________ (happy) when she saw her mum. 18．Many ________ (foreign) visit our school every spring. 19．The old tree in the park is ________ (die), so we need to plant a new one. 20．Reading books is a ________ (mean) activity that helps us learn new things every day. 21．The good ________ (think) came to me when I walked home after school yesterday. 22．I enjoy ________ (share) my secrets with my close friends. 23．We need ________ (think) friends to listen to our problems. 24．It’s easy ________ (describe) good friends with powerful words. 25．He always encourages me ________ (keep) trying. 26．After ________ (solve) the problem together, we became even better friends. 27．The ________ (high) of the wall stops the wind outside. 28．Camping can broaden ________ (teenager) horizons and teach them to protect our nature. 29．The soldier was awarded for his ________ (brave) in the battle. 30.We should learn to be ________ (understand) and patient with our friends. 二、根据汉语提示完成单词 (本大题共 20 小题，每小题 1 分，共 20 分) 1．She has a terrible ________ (感觉) of direction and always gets lost in new cities. 2．Millie ________ (很少) speaks in public, but she writes beautiful poems. 3．Franklin ________ (自学) by reading a lot when he worked in his brother’s print shop. 4．When we don’t pass an exam, our teacher often ________ us not to lose heart. (鼓励) 5． ________ (然而), I still choose to trust him though he made a mistake. 6．I know a ________ (值得信赖的) neighbour who always helps others without asking for anything in return. 7．Those _______ (座位) are for old people or pregnant women (孕妇). 8．After sleeping for two hours, I am feeling even ________ (更差)． 9．It was so ________ (体贴的) of him to bring flowers for his sick friend when visiting him in the hospital. 10．He has a ________ (乐观快乐的) personality and seldom feels sad. 11．Loud ________ (笑声) came from the hallway. 12．She is so ________ (体贴的) that she can always notice my unhappiness. 13．The dog ________ (攻击) the stranger suddenly, but the owner quickly stopped it and apologized. 14．I really enjoy playing ________ (羽毛球) with my classmates after school every Friday afternoon. 15．The ________ (勇敢的) firefighter saved the child from the burning house without thinking about himself. 16．I guess Tom can pass the ________ (测试) for the standing long jump this time because he practices really hard. 17．He felt ________ (沮丧的) because he failed the exam, but his friend cheered him up. 18．Her ________ (活力) makes everyone around happy. 19．We all ________ (理解) each other’s trouble. 20．He often tells funny ________ (笑话) after class. 三、完成句子 (本大题共 10 小题，每小题 3 分，共 30 分) 1．许多动物在危险时刻不会攻击人。 Many animals do not ___________________________________. 2．真正的朋友应该为你保守秘密。 A true friend should _________________________________ you. 3．当你感到沮丧时，她知道如何让你振作起来。 She knows how to ________ ________ ________ when you are feeling down. 4．我的学校生活不如汤姆的丰富多彩。 My school life is ________ ________ ________ ________ Tom’s. 5．真正的朋友会在你需要的时候支持你。 A true friend will ________ ________ ________ when you need help. 6．我们应该学会关注生活中的好事情。 We should learn to ______________________. 7．我们的班主任很有幽默感。 Our head teacher _____________________. 8．有他在身边，你永远不会感到无聊。 You will never ________ ________ with him ________. 9．如果你和朋友争吵，你应该先冷静下来。 If you ________ with your friend, you should ________ ________ first. 10．他乐意和朋友分享他的快乐。 He ________ ________ ________ ________ his happiness ________ his friends. 四、短文填空 (本大题共 20 小题，每小题 1 分，共 20 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 Do you have close friends? Having close friends is one of the best things in 1______ (we) life. In fact, everyone should have some close friends. If you have close friends, you can always have someone to work together with. For example, I am 2______outgoing girl but my friend Karen is quiet. Of all my friends, I think Karen studies 3______ (hard). What’s more, she is 4_______ (talented) in music than us. Karen 5_______ I like to write songs together. We write all kinds of wonderful 6_______ (song) by helping each other. Another reason for having close friends is that they can cheer you up. They try their best 7______ (do) this whenever you are sad. For example, when I 8_______ (get) a bad grade on my math test last week, my friend Rick told jokes to make me laugh and decided to help me learn math 9________ (two) a week. Now I feel much better. With his help, I think I 10________ (make) progress (进步) in the near future. Close friends help us enjoy life and get out of trouble. Life is better with close friends! 根据短文内容及首字母提示，写出所缺单词。 For most people, friends are those who stay with us for a long time in our life. But in fact, there is 1.a________ kind of friends—those who aren’t with us for a long time, but bring us happiness and warmth at some moment. I met my first such friend, Lily in the hospital. She was in the bed next to 2.m________. Lily was about two years 3.o_______ than me and much livelier. She would jump out of bed when the nurse left. Without her, I would be 4.a________ and afraid because my parents cannot stay with me all the time. Two years later, my parents sent me to a nursery school (托儿所) 5.b_______ they were quite busy. There, I met a 6.f________ girl. Our friendship 7.b________ with competitions (竞争) and we tried to 8.b_______ each other in all things. Our competitions made me feel happy and excited. And maybe she felt the 9.s________ as me. We couldn’t speak to each other because of the language differences, but we finally became good friends. Such friends often support (支撑着) us when something bad happened. And in our heart, we should 10.t_________ them for their love and wish them well. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $