Unit 4 Heroes 英雄（单元阅读精练）英语新教材外研版九年级上册

**基本信息** 以中国英雄事迹为主题，通过记叙文阅读与完形填空训练，融合语言能力培养与家国情怀渗透的专项设计。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |时文阅读|2篇阅读理解（王浩泽、南仁东）|细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意|按英雄成长经历→追梦历程→成就影响的时间线展开，构建人物事迹叙述链| |实战演练|3篇阅读理解（吴孟超、邓稼先、袁隆平）+1篇完形填空（张桂梅）|细节题占比60%，含词义猜测、事件排序，完形侧重语境词汇辨析|围绕医学、科技、教育领域英雄，从生平事迹提炼奉献精神，形成"个人奋斗-国家贡献"的价值逻辑|

Unit 4 Heroes 英雄 单元阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 215 中国首位女性飞行工程师王浩泽的成长与追梦历程 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 285 “中国天眼之父”南仁东的经历。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 216 “中国肝胆外科之父”吴孟超的生平经历、医学成就与奉献精神。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 355 中国“两弹元勋”邓稼先留美归国、领导核试验、亲历辐射事故并最终因公殉职的感人事迹。 Passage3 阅读理解 议论文 190 袁隆平的生平事迹 Passage4 完形填空 记叙文 301 “时代楷模”张桂梅老师扎根山区教育四十余年，用爱心和坚持改变无数女孩命运的感人事迹。 Passage1 From a Rocket Engineer to a Space Hero Wang Haoze made history in 2024 as China’s first female flight engineer and a member of the Shenzhou-19 crew. Her journey to space is a story of hard work. It shows that even the hardest goals can be achieved with a willing mind. Born in 1990 in Hebei Province, Wang grew up in a strict but loving family. Her mother was a teacher, and her father worked as a policeman. From a young age, she learned the value of persistence. In 2008, she passed the Gaokao and joined Southeast University in Nanjing. There, she was good at studying and loved sports, often competing in races. After graduating in 2015, Wang became a rocket engineer in Beijing. In 2018, she applied for China’s astronaut program. Over two years, she faced hard tests against 2,500 people. Although she failed many times, she never gave up. Finally, she became one of the 18 new astronauts—and the only woman in the group. On October 30, 2024, Wang’s dream came true. She flew into space with two teammates aboard Shenzhou-19, becoming China’s third female astronaut. Wang Haoze’s story shows that normal people can make extraordinary things. Her story inspires more people to pursue their dreams, no matter how impossible they seem. 1．When did Wang Haoze become China’s first female flight engineer? A．In 2015. B．In 2018. C．In 2024. D．In 2008. 2．What was Wang’s job before she became an astronaut? A．A teacher. B．A rocket engineer. C．A police officer. D．A pilot. 3．How many people did Wang compete against in the astronaut selection? A．200. B．500. C．2,000. D．2,500. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．Wang Haoze became an astronaut immediately after graduation. B．Wang’s parents didn’t support her dream. C．Wang faced many difficulties but never gave up. D．Wang was the only woman in the Shenzhou-19 crew. 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．The history of China’s space program. B．How to become a rocket engineer. C．The inspiring journey of Wang Haoze. D．The importance of sports in life. Passage2 Most students know Yuan Longping and Tu Youyou, but few know the name Nan Rendong. He was a great scientist and the “Father of China’s Sky Eye”. His work helps us learn more about the stars and the universe. Nan was born in 1945. From a young age, he showed great interest in the sky and stars. He studied hard and later became a famous astronomer (天文学家). In 1993, he had a big dream—to build the world’s largest radio telescope (望远镜) in China. At that time, many people thought it was too difficult, but Nan never gave up. For the next 22 years, Nan put all his heart into this project. He walked over many mountains in Guizhou to find the best place. He worked with his team day and night, even when he was ill. Finally, in 2016, the “Sky Eye” was finished. It is 500 meters wide and can “hear” sounds from far away in space. Standing beside the huge telescope, Nan often said that science needs patience and courage. The big dish looks like a huge ear, listening to messages from space. Because of him, China now has the most powerful eye to watch the universe. He gave his whole life to science and the country. His story tells us that big dreams are not easy to achieve and need great effort. Today, people around the world respect his great work. His spirit will continue to encourage young students to reach for the stars. We should all learn from his dedication (奉献) to science and his love for our country. China is proud of having such a great scientist. 1．What does the writer suggest by mentioning Yuan Longping and Tu Youyou in Paragraph 1? A．To show they are more famous than Nan Rendong. B．To explain why Nan Rendong chose to study stars. C．To introduce a less-known great scientist to readers. D．To compare their achievements with Nan’s project. 2．Why did Nan Rendong walk over many mountains in Guizhou? A．To look for a suitable place for the telescope. B．To study the local plants and wildlife there. C．To find a quiet place to watch the stars. D．To get away from the busy city life. 3．Which of the following best describes Nan Rendong’s spirit according to the passage? A．Rich and successful. B．Warm-hearted and friendly. C．Careful and humorous. D．Strong-minded and hard-working. 4．What is the main purpose of the last paragraph? A．To describe what the “Sky Eye” looks like. B．To encourage readers to learn from Nan’s spirit. C．To explain how the telescope was built step by step. D．To show the difficulties Nan faced during the project. Passage 1 Wu Mengchao is known as the “Father of Hepatobiliary Surgery (肝胆外科)” in China. He was born in 1922 in Fujian Province. When he was five years old, he went to Malaysia with his family. In 1940, he returned to China to study medicine. At that time, hepatobiliary surgery was very backward in China. Many patients died because of the lack of proper treatment. Wu decided to devote himself to this field. He worked hard and made many breakthroughs. In 1960, he successfully performed the first liver tumor operation in China. Wu Mengchao has performed more than 16,000 operations in his life. Even at the age of 90, he still stood in the operating room. He said, “I am a doctor, and my duty is to save lives.” He trained many young doctors and wrote several books on hepatobiliary surgery. His contributions have saved countless lives and improved the health of the Chinese people. In 2005, he was awarded the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award, the highest scientific honor in China. He donated all the prize money to set up a fund to train young doctors. Wu Mengchao is a hero who has made great contributions to China's medical development. His spirit of dedication and hard work will always be remembered. 1．When did Wu Mengchao return to China? A．In 1922. B．In 1940. C．In 1960. D．In 2005. 2．What did Wu Mengchao do in 1960? A．He returned to China. B．He performed the first liver tumor operation in China. C．He received the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award. D．He went to Malaysia. 3．What does the underlined word “backward” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Advanced. B．Developed. C．Underdeveloped. D．Modern. 4．What can we learn from Wu Mengchao's story? A．We should study medicine. B．We should work hard and dedicate ourselves to our country. C．We should go abroad to study. D．We should donate money to charity. Passage 2 Deng Jiaxian was a Chinese physicist, known as the Father of China’s Atomic Bomb (原子弹). Born in Anhui Province, Deng attended the National Southwestern Associated University in 1941 and went to America for further study in physics. He studied a lot and got much useful knowledge. After graduation, he didn’t accept the well-paid positions and superb research conditions provided by the American government or universities. Instead, he returned to Beijing in 1950 to work on nuclear research (核研究). Deng faced great difficulties at that time because there was no such research information to learn from and there were few scientists. He worked with a group of recent college graduates and used abacuses (算盘) for calculation. It took about a month to finish a stage of calculation and about a year to calculate it nine times. For about eight years, Deng worked very hard at the Gobi Desert nuclear testing site in northwest China. In October 1964, under Deng’s leadership, China successfully tested its first atomic bomb. In June 1967, China’s first hydrogen bomb test was also carried out successfully. In 1979, a parachute (降落伞) failure happened during one experiment, which caused an atomic bomb to crash to the ground, but it did not set off. Deng knew the danger of cleaning up the crashed bomb. “You are young; you can’t go to do this,” Deng said to his colleagues (同事). So he picked up the broken pieces of the bomb himself instead of sending his team. Deng’s wife, a doctor, learned that Deng had touched the broken pieces of the atomic bomb, and ordered him to return to Beijing for a full body check. The results showed that he had been badly hurt by deadly nuclear radiation (辐射). However, he still chose to return to the test site and continued to solve the problem himself. In 1986, at age 62, Deng passed away because of the radiation. As a national hero, he was awarded the Two Bombs and One Satellite Merit Medal in 1999. 1．What does the underlined word “superb” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Peaceful. B．Excellent. C．Different. D．Difficult. 2．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Deng’s wife was greatly worried about Deng’s health condition. B．Deng’s nuclear research was based on many scientists’ hard work. C．Deng used abacuses for calculation because they made fewer mistakes. D．Deng never took safety measures when picking up the broken pieces of the bomb. 3．What’s the correct order of the following events? ① China successfully tested its first atomic bomb. ② A parachute failure happened during one experiment. ③ China’s first hydrogen bomb test was carried out successfully. ④ Deng Jiaxian picked up the broken pieces of the bomb himself. A．①②③④ B．①③②④ C．②①③④ D．③②①④ 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The history and development of China’s nuclear program. B．The greatest hero winning a Merit Medal in Chinese history. C．A Chinese physicist who achieved his dream with hard work. D．A national hero who gave his whole life to China's nuclear program. Passage 3 Yuan Longping is not just a great scientist. He is also a great example of what it means to be a hero. By studying his life, we can learn many valuable lessons. First, we learn about persistence. Yuan faced over 3,000 failures before he succeeded. Many people would have given up. But he didn’t. He said, “Every time I fall down, I’ll get up and try again.” This teaches us that failure is not the end. It is a step towards success. Second, we learn about purpose. Yuan could have chosen an easier path. But he chose to solve a problem that affected millions of people. His mission gave his life meaning and purpose. Third, we learn about humility (谦逊). Yuan was world-famous, but he remained humble. He still worked in the rice fields even when he was old. He moved his house next to the fields so that he could continue his research. Finally, we learn about the power of one person. Yuan’s work has saved millions of lives. This shows us that one person, with enough determination, can make a huge difference in the world. 1．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Yuan Longping was a famous scientist. B．We can learn many lessons from Yuan Longping. C．Hybrid rice is a great invention. D．China needs more scientists. 2．What lesson does Yuan’s 3,000 failures teach us? A．Failure is always bad. B．Failure is a step towards success. C．We should avoid failure. D．Only successful people are heroes. 3．According to the passage, what gave Yuan’s life meaning and purpose? A．His fame. B．His mission to feed people. C．His money. D．His travels. 4．What does Yuan’s humility teach us? A．We should never be proud of our work. B．Hard work is more important than fame. C．Only poor people can be heroes. D．Scientists should not be famous. 5．What is the power of one person according to the passage? A．One person can make a huge difference. B．One person cannot change the world. C．Only groups of people can succeed. D．Heroes must be famous. Passage 4 Zhang Guimei is a hero in many people’s hearts. She has devoted herself to 1 for over 40 years. She believes that education can change a girl’s destiny and help her family get out of poverty. Her story has inspired millions of people. She once said, “As long as I have a breath, I will stand on the podium and do my best to 2 the students.” Her spirit of never giving up has encouraged many young teachers to follow her example. They volunteer to work in remote areas to help children who 3 education. Zhang’s story tells us that a hero is not someone who does extraordinary things, but someone who does ordinary things with extraordinary love. She is a shining example of how one person can make a 4 to the world. We should all learn from her and try to be a 5 in our own way. Many people ask her why she works so hard. She smiles and says, “I do it for the girls. They are the future of our country.” Her words are simple, but they show her deep love for the students. She is not only a teacher, but also a 6 . She has lit up the path for thousands of girls who would otherwise have been left in the dark. Her school is not just a building, but a 7 of hope. Every morning, the girls’ loud reading can be heard across the campus. It is the sound of dreams taking flight. Zhang Guimei’s life is a testament to the power of one person’s determination. She has proven that with a 8 heart and unwavering will, even the toughest mountains can be moved. She is a true 9 of our time, and her story will continue to inspire generations to 10 . 1．A．teaching B．learning C．nursing D．farming 2．A．teach B．help C．support D．encourage 3．A．need B．want C．refuse D．hate 4．A．living B．difference C．decision D．choice 5．A．hero B．teacher C．student D．volunteer 6．A．mother B．friend C．leader D．guide 7．A．sign B．symbol C．signal D．mark 8．A．kind B．warm C．loving D．brave 9．A．model B．example C．hero D．leader 10．A．come B．go C．arrive D．follow 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Heroes 英雄 单元阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 215 中国首位女性飞行工程师王浩泽的成长与追梦历程 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 285 “中国天眼之父”南仁东的经历。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 216 “中国肝胆外科之父”吴孟超的生平经历、医学成就与奉献精神。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 355 中国“两弹元勋”邓稼先留美归国、领导核试验、亲历辐射事故并最终因公殉职的感人事迹。 Passage3 阅读理解 议论文 190 袁隆平的生平事迹 Passage4 完形填空 记叙文 301 “时代楷模”张桂梅老师扎根山区教育四十余年，用爱心和坚持改变无数女孩命运的感人事迹。 Passage1 From a Rocket Engineer to a Space Hero Wang Haoze made history in 2024 as China’s first female flight engineer and a member of the Shenzhou-19 crew. Her journey to space is a story of hard work. It shows that even the hardest goals can be achieved with a willing mind. Born in 1990 in Hebei Province, Wang grew up in a strict but loving family. Her mother was a teacher, and her father worked as a policeman. From a young age, she learned the value of persistence. In 2008, she passed the Gaokao and joined Southeast University in Nanjing. There, she was good at studying and loved sports, often competing in races. After graduating in 2015, Wang became a rocket engineer in Beijing. In 2018, she applied for China’s astronaut program. Over two years, she faced hard tests against 2,500 people. Although she failed many times, she never gave up. Finally, she became one of the 18 new astronauts—and the only woman in the group. On October 30, 2024, Wang’s dream came true. She flew into space with two teammates aboard Shenzhou-19, becoming China’s third female astronaut. Wang Haoze’s story shows that normal people can make extraordinary things. Her story inspires more people to pursue their dreams, no matter how impossible they seem. 1．When did Wang Haoze become China’s first female flight engineer? A．In 2015. B．In 2018. C．In 2024. D．In 2008. 2．What was Wang’s job before she became an astronaut? A．A teacher. B．A rocket engineer. C．A police officer. D．A pilot. 3．How many people did Wang compete against in the astronaut selection? A．200. B．500. C．2,000. D．2,500. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．Wang Haoze became an astronaut immediately after graduation. B．Wang’s parents didn’t support her dream. C．Wang faced many difficulties but never gave up. D．Wang was the only woman in the Shenzhou-19 crew. 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．The history of China’s space program. B．How to become a rocket engineer. C．The inspiring journey of Wang Haoze. D．The importance of sports in life. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国首位女性飞行工程师王浩泽的成长与追梦历程。用亲身经历证明普通人凭借坚持与不懈努力，也能实现看似遥不可及的非凡目标，激励更多人勇敢追逐梦想。 【详解】 1．根据文章第一段第一句“Wang Haoze made history in 2024 as China’s first female flight…”可知，王浩泽在2024年成为中国首位女性飞行工程师。 2．根据文章第三段第一句“After graduating in 2015, Wang became a rocket engineer in Beijing.”可知，在成为宇航员之前，她的职业是火箭工程师。 3．根据文章第三段第三句“Over two years, she faced hard tests against 2,500 people.”可知，她在宇航员选拔中与其他2,500人竞争。 4．根据文章第三段“Although she failed many times, she never gave up.”以及全文对她奋斗历程的描述，可以推断出她面对许多困难但从未放弃。A项毕业时间是2015 年，申请宇航员是2018年，并非立即；B项文中提到家庭是“strict but loving”，并未说不支持；D项文中只说她是18名新宇航员中唯一的女性，未明确说明神舟十九号乘组中她是唯一女性。 5．文章主要讲述了王浩泽从出生、求学、成为工程师到最终入选宇航员并飞向太空的励志故事，最后一段也总结了她的故事激励人心。 【全文翻译】 从火箭工程师到太空英雄 2024 年，王浩泽创造历史，成为中国首位女性飞行工程师，也是神舟十九号乘组的一员。她的太空逐梦之路是一段艰苦奋斗的故事。这表明，只要拥有坚定的信念，即便最艰巨的目标也能够实现。 王浩泽 1990 年出生于河北省，在一个管教严格却充满关爱的家庭长大。母亲是一名教师，父亲是警察。年少时，她就懂得了坚持不懈的意义。2008 年，她参加高考，考入南京东南大学。在校期间，她学习优异，热爱运动，经常参加赛跑比赛。 2015 年毕业后，王浩泽在北京成为一名火箭工程师。2018 年，她报名参加中国航天员选拔项目。两年多时间里，她和 2500 人一同面对严苛考核。尽管多次失败，她从未放弃。最终，她成为 18 名新晋航天员之一，也是该批航天员中唯一的女性。 2024 年 10 月 30 日，王浩泽梦想成真。她与两名队友搭乘神舟十九号飞向太空，成为中国第三位女航天员。 王浩泽的故事告诉我们，普通人也可以做出非凡的成就。她的故事激励更多人追逐梦想，无论梦想看起来多么遥不可及。 【长难句分析】 1. 原句：Wang Haoze made history in 2024 as China’s first female flight engineer and a member of the Shenzhou19 crew. 分析：主句主谓宾结构；make history 创造历史；as 介词短语作方式状语，表示 “作为……”，并列两个表语：China’s first female flight engineer 和 a member of the Shenzhou19 crew。 翻译：2024 年，王浩泽创造历史，成为中国首位女性飞行工程师，也是神舟十九号乘组的一员。 2. 原句：Although she failed many times, she never gave up. Finally, she became one of the 18 new astronauts—and the only woman in the group. 分析：although 引导让步状语从句，意为 “虽然，尽管”，不能和 but 连用；one of + 复数名词，表示 “…… 之一”；破折号起到补充说明的作用。 翻译：尽管多次失败，她从未放弃。最终，她成为 18 名新晋航天员之一，也是该批航天员中唯一的女性。 3. 原句：Her story inspires more people to pursue their dreams, no matter how impossible they seem. 分析：主句结构：inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事；no matter how 引导让步状语从句，意为 “无论多么……”，修饰形容词 impossible；they 指代前面的 dreams。 翻译：她的故事激励更多人追逐梦想，无论梦想看起来多么遥不可及。 【重难词汇梳理】 1. engineer /ˌendʒɪˈnɪə(r)/n. 工程师 2. crew /kruː/n. 全体机组 / 乘组人员 3. persistence /pəˈsɪstəns/n. 坚持；毅力 4. graduate /ˈɡrædʒueɪt/v. 毕业 5. apply /əˈplaɪ/v. 申请 6. extraordinary /ɪkˈstrɔːdnri/adj. 非凡的；杰出的 7. inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə(r)/v. 激励；鼓舞 8. pursue /pəˈsjuː/v. 追求；致力于 Passage2 Most students know Yuan Longping and Tu Youyou, but few know the name Nan Rendong. He was a great scientist and the “Father of China’s Sky Eye”. His work helps us learn more about the stars and the universe. Nan was born in 1945. From a young age, he showed great interest in the sky and stars. He studied hard and later became a famous astronomer (天文学家). In 1993, he had a big dream—to build the world’s largest radio telescope (望远镜) in China. At that time, many people thought it was too difficult, but Nan never gave up. For the next 22 years, Nan put all his heart into this project. He walked over many mountains in Guizhou to find the best place. He worked with his team day and night, even when he was ill. Finally, in 2016, the “Sky Eye” was finished. It is 500 meters wide and can “hear” sounds from far away in space. Standing beside the huge telescope, Nan often said that science needs patience and courage. The big dish looks like a huge ear, listening to messages from space. Because of him, China now has the most powerful eye to watch the universe. He gave his whole life to science and the country. His story tells us that big dreams are not easy to achieve and need great effort. Today, people around the world respect his great work. His spirit will continue to encourage young students to reach for the stars. We should all learn from his dedication (奉献) to science and his love for our country. China is proud of having such a great scientist. 1．What does the writer suggest by mentioning Yuan Longping and Tu Youyou in Paragraph 1? A．To show they are more famous than Nan Rendong. B．To explain why Nan Rendong chose to study stars. C．To introduce a less-known great scientist to readers. D．To compare their achievements with Nan’s project. 2．Why did Nan Rendong walk over many mountains in Guizhou? A．To look for a suitable place for the telescope. B．To study the local plants and wildlife there. C．To find a quiet place to watch the stars. D．To get away from the busy city life. 3．Which of the following best describes Nan Rendong’s spirit according to the passage? A．Rich and successful. B．Warm-hearted and friendly. C．Careful and humorous. D．Strong-minded and hard-working. 4．What is the main purpose of the last paragraph? A．To describe what the “Sky Eye” looks like. B．To encourage readers to learn from Nan’s spirit. C．To explain how the telescope was built step by step. D．To show the difficulties Nan faced during the project. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了“中国天眼之父”南仁东从小对星空的热爱、为建造世界最大射电望远镜“中国天眼”付出的22年心血，以及他身上坚韧不拔、为国奉献的精神，展现了这位科学家的伟大贡献与人格魅力。 【详解】 1．根据文章第一段中“Most students know Yuan Longping and Tu Youyou, but few know the name Nan Rendong.”可知，作者通过对比大家熟知的科学家与鲜为人知的南仁东，旨在引出并介绍这位伟大的科学家。 2．根据文章第三段中“He walked over many mountains in Guizhou to find the best place.”可知，南仁东走遍贵州群山是为了给望远镜寻找最佳的选址（suitable place）。 3．根据文章第二段中“never gave up（从不放弃）”、第三段中“put all his heart into this project... worked... day and night, even when he was ill（全心投入、日夜工作、生病坚持）”以及第四段中“patience and courage（耐心与勇气）”和“dedication（奉献）”，可以看出他意志坚强且勤奋工作。 4．根据文章最后一段中“His spirit will continue to encourage young students...（他的精神将继续鼓励年轻学生）”以及“We should all learn from his dedication...（我们都应学习他的奉献）”，表明该段的主要目的是号召读者学习南仁东的精神。 【全文翻译】 大多数学生都知道袁隆平和屠呦呦，但很少有人知道南仁东这个名字。他是一位伟大的科学家，被誉为 “中国天眼之父”。他的研究帮助我们更多地了解星辰与宇宙。 南仁东生于 1945 年。年少时，他就对天空和星辰表现出浓厚的兴趣。他刻苦学习，后来成为一名著名的天文学家。1993 年，他怀揣一个宏大梦想 —— 在中国建造世界上最大的射电望远镜。在那个时候，很多人认为这件事难度太大，但南仁东从未放弃。 在接下来的 22 年里，南仁东全身心投入这个项目。他踏遍贵州的群山，寻找最佳选址。他和团队夜以继日地工作，即便身患疾病也不曾停歇。终于在 2016 年，“天眼” 竣工。它口径 500 米，能够 “捕捉” 来自遥远太空的信号。 站在巨大的望远镜旁，南仁东常说，科学需要耐心与勇气。这个巨大的反射面如同一只巨耳，聆听来自宇宙的讯息。因为他，中国如今拥有观测宇宙最强大的 “眼睛”。他将一生奉献给了科学与国家。他的故事告诉我们，宏大的梦想来之不易，需要付出巨大努力。如今，世界各地的人们都敬重他卓越的贡献。他的精神将继续激励青年学生仰望星空、追逐理想。我们都应当学习他对科学的奉献精神以及对祖国的热爱。拥有这样一位伟大的科学家，中国为之自豪。 【长难句分析】 1. 原句：At that time, many people thought it was too difficult, but Nan never gave up. 分析：but 连接并列句；thought 后接省略 that 的宾语从句 it was too difficult；at that time 在那时；give up 放弃。 翻译：在那个时候，很多人认为这件事难度太大，但南仁东从未放弃。 2. 原句：For the next 22 years, Nan put all his heart into this project. He walked over many mountains in Guizhou to find the best place. 分析：for 引导时间状语；put all one’s heart into sth 全身心投入某事；不定式 to find the best place 作目的状语，表示爬山的目的。 翻译：在接下来的 22 年里，南仁东全身心投入这个项目。他踏遍贵州的群山，寻找最佳选址。 3. 原句：His story tells us that big dreams are not easy to achieve and need great effort. 分析：主句 His story tells us；that 引导宾语从句，从句中 and 并列两个谓语 are not easy to achieve 和 need great effort。 翻译：他的故事告诉我们，宏大的梦想来之不易，需要付出巨大努力。 【重难词汇梳理】 1. universe /ˈjuːnɪvɜːs/n. 宇宙；万物 2. astronomer /əˈstrɒnəmə(r)/n. 天文学家 3. telescope /ˈtelɪskəʊp/n. 望远镜 4. patience /ˈpeɪʃns/n. 耐心 5. courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/n. 勇气 6. effort /ˈefət/n. 努力；付出 7. respect /rɪˈspekt/v. 尊敬；敬重 8. dedication /ˌdedɪˈkeɪʃn/n. 奉献；献身 Passage 1 Wu Mengchao is known as the “Father of Hepatobiliary Surgery (肝胆外科)” in China. He was born in 1922 in Fujian Province. When he was five years old, he went to Malaysia with his family. In 1940, he returned to China to study medicine. At that time, hepatobiliary surgery was very backward in China. Many patients died because of the lack of proper treatment. Wu decided to devote himself to this field. He worked hard and made many breakthroughs. In 1960, he successfully performed the first liver tumor operation in China. Wu Mengchao has performed more than 16,000 operations in his life. Even at the age of 90, he still stood in the operating room. He said, “I am a doctor, and my duty is to save lives.” He trained many young doctors and wrote several books on hepatobiliary surgery. His contributions have saved countless lives and improved the health of the Chinese people. In 2005, he was awarded the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award, the highest scientific honor in China. He donated all the prize money to set up a fund to train young doctors. Wu Mengchao is a hero who has made great contributions to China's medical development. His spirit of dedication and hard work will always be remembered. 1．When did Wu Mengchao return to China? A．In 1922. B．In 1940. C．In 1960. D．In 2005. 2．What did Wu Mengchao do in 1960? A．He returned to China. B．He performed the first liver tumor operation in China. C．He received the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award. D．He went to Malaysia. 3．What does the underlined word “backward” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Advanced. B．Developed. C．Underdeveloped. D．Modern. 4．What can we learn from Wu Mengchao's story? A．We should study medicine. B．We should work hard and dedicate ourselves to our country. C．We should go abroad to study. D．We should donate money to charity. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍“中国肝胆外科之父”吴孟超的生平经历、医学成就与奉献精神。 【详解】 1．根据文章第1段“In 1940, he returned to China to study medicine.（1940年，他回到中国学医。）”可知，吴孟超1940年回到中国。 2．根据文章第2段“In 1960, he successfully performed the first liver tumor operation in China.（1960年，他成功完成中国第一例肝肿瘤手术。）”可知，1960年他完成国内首例肝肿瘤手术。 3．根据文章第2段“At that time, hepatobiliary surgery was very backward in China. Many patients died because of the lack of proper treatment.（那时候中国肝胆外科十分落后，很多病人因缺少恰当治疗而死亡。）”可推知backward意为“落后的”。Underdeveloped表示欠发达、落后；Advanced先进的，Developed发达的，Modern现代的，均不符合。 4．根据文章第4段“Wu Mengchao is a hero who has made great contributions to China's medical development. His spirit of dedication and hard work will always be remembered.（吴孟超是为中国医学发展做出巨大贡献的英雄，他勤奋奉献的精神将永远被铭记。）”可推知，我们要学习他努力奋斗、为国奉献的精神。 Passage 2 Deng Jiaxian was a Chinese physicist, known as the Father of China’s Atomic Bomb (原子弹). Born in Anhui Province, Deng attended the National Southwestern Associated University in 1941 and went to America for further study in physics. He studied a lot and got much useful knowledge. After graduation, he didn’t accept the well-paid positions and superb research conditions provided by the American government or universities. Instead, he returned to Beijing in 1950 to work on nuclear research (核研究). Deng faced great difficulties at that time because there was no such research information to learn from and there were few scientists. He worked with a group of recent college graduates and used abacuses (算盘) for calculation. It took about a month to finish a stage of calculation and about a year to calculate it nine times. For about eight years, Deng worked very hard at the Gobi Desert nuclear testing site in northwest China. In October 1964, under Deng’s leadership, China successfully tested its first atomic bomb. In June 1967, China’s first hydrogen bomb test was also carried out successfully. In 1979, a parachute (降落伞) failure happened during one experiment, which caused an atomic bomb to crash to the ground, but it did not set off. Deng knew the danger of cleaning up the crashed bomb. “You are young; you can’t go to do this,” Deng said to his colleagues (同事). So he picked up the broken pieces of the bomb himself instead of sending his team. Deng’s wife, a doctor, learned that Deng had touched the broken pieces of the atomic bomb, and ordered him to return to Beijing for a full body check. The results showed that he had been badly hurt by deadly nuclear radiation (辐射). However, he still chose to return to the test site and continued to solve the problem himself. In 1986, at age 62, Deng passed away because of the radiation. As a national hero, he was awarded the Two Bombs and One Satellite Merit Medal in 1999. 1．What does the underlined word “superb” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Peaceful. B．Excellent. C．Different. D．Difficult. 2．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Deng’s wife was greatly worried about Deng’s health condition. B．Deng’s nuclear research was based on many scientists’ hard work. C．Deng used abacuses for calculation because they made fewer mistakes. D．Deng never took safety measures when picking up the broken pieces of the bomb. 3．What’s the correct order of the following events? ① China successfully tested its first atomic bomb. ② A parachute failure happened during one experiment. ③ China’s first hydrogen bomb test was carried out successfully. ④ Deng Jiaxian picked up the broken pieces of the bomb himself. A．①②③④ B．①③②④ C．②①③④ D．③②①④ 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The history and development of China’s nuclear program. B．The greatest hero winning a Merit Medal in Chinese history. C．A Chinese physicist who achieved his dream with hard work. D．A national hero who gave his whole life to China's nuclear program. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了中国“两弹元勋”邓稼先留美归国、领导核试验、亲历辐射事故并最终因公殉职的感人事迹。 【详解】 1．文章第二段提到“After graduation, he didn’t accept the well-paid positions and superb research conditions provided by the American government or universities.”，superb在语境中修饰研究条件，与“well-paid positions”并列，表“极好、卓越”，选Excellent。 2．文中第六段指出妻子得知邓稼先触碰碎片后，“ordered him to return to Beijing for a full body check”（命令他返回北京进行全面体检），可推断出她非常担心他的健康。 3．通读第五段可知，时间线索：1964原子弹→1967氢弹→1979事故→捡碎片，故①③②④。 4．全文聚焦邓稼先为中国核事业奉献一生，选项D“一位为中国核事业奉献终生的民族英雄。”最全面准确。 Passage 3 Yuan Longping is not just a great scientist. He is also a great example of what it means to be a hero. By studying his life, we can learn many valuable lessons. First, we learn about persistence. Yuan faced over 3,000 failures before he succeeded. Many people would have given up. But he didn’t. He said, “Every time I fall down, I’ll get up and try again.” This teaches us that failure is not the end. It is a step towards success. Second, we learn about purpose. Yuan could have chosen an easier path. But he chose to solve a problem that affected millions of people. His mission gave his life meaning and purpose. Third, we learn about humility (谦逊). Yuan was world-famous, but he remained humble. He still worked in the rice fields even when he was old. He moved his house next to the fields so that he could continue his research. Finally, we learn about the power of one person. Yuan’s work has saved millions of lives. This shows us that one person, with enough determination, can make a huge difference in the world. 1．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Yuan Longping was a famous scientist. B．We can learn many lessons from Yuan Longping. C．Hybrid rice is a great invention. D．China needs more scientists. 2．What lesson does Yuan’s 3,000 failures teach us? A．Failure is always bad. B．Failure is a step towards success. C．We should avoid failure. D．Only successful people are heroes. 3．According to the passage, what gave Yuan’s life meaning and purpose? A．His fame. B．His mission to feed people. C．His money. D．His travels. 4．What does Yuan’s humility teach us? A．We should never be proud of our work. B．Hard work is more important than fame. C．Only poor people can be heroes. D．Scientists should not be famous. 5．What is the power of one person according to the passage? A．One person can make a huge difference. B．One person cannot change the world. C．Only groups of people can succeed. D．Heroes must be famous. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要通过介绍袁隆平的生平事迹，阐述了我们从他的生活中可以学到的四个宝贵教训：坚持、目标、谦逊以及个人的力量。 【详解】 1．文章第一段“By studying his life, we can learn many valuable lessons.”以及下文分别列举的“First, Second, Third, Finally”四个方面的教训，表明文章的主旨是我们可以从袁隆平身上学到很多教训。 2．文章第二段“This teaches us that failure is not the end. It is a step towards success.”表明3000次的失败教会我们：失败不是终点，而是迈向成功的一步。 3．文章第三段“But he chose to solve a problem that affected millions of people. His mission gave his life meaning and purpose.”表明赋予袁隆平生命意义和目的的是他选择解决影响数百万人的温饱问题的使命。 4．文章第四段“Yuan was world-famous, but he remained humble. He still worked in the rice fields even when he was old.”表明尽管袁隆平享誉世界，他年老仍坚持在田间科研，体现努力实干比名望更加重要。 5．文章最后一段“This shows us that one person, with enough determination, can make a huge difference in the world.”表明一个人只要拥有足够决心，就能够对世界产生巨大影响。 Passage 4 Zhang Guimei is a hero in many people’s hearts. She has devoted herself to 1 for over 40 years. She believes that education can change a girl’s destiny and help her family get out of poverty. Her story has inspired millions of people. She once said, “As long as I have a breath, I will stand on the podium and do my best to 2 the students.” Her spirit of never giving up has encouraged many young teachers to follow her example. They volunteer to work in remote areas to help children who 3 education. Zhang’s story tells us that a hero is not someone who does extraordinary things, but someone who does ordinary things with extraordinary love. She is a shining example of how one person can make a 4 to the world. We should all learn from her and try to be a 5 in our own way. Many people ask her why she works so hard. She smiles and says, “I do it for the girls. They are the future of our country.” Her words are simple, but they show her deep love for the students. She is not only a teacher, but also a 6 . She has lit up the path for thousands of girls who would otherwise have been left in the dark. Her school is not just a building, but a 7 of hope. Every morning, the girls’ loud reading can be heard across the campus. It is the sound of dreams taking flight. Zhang Guimei’s life is a testament to the power of one person’s determination. She has proven that with a 8 heart and unwavering will, even the toughest mountains can be moved. She is a true 9 of our time, and her story will continue to inspire generations to 10 . 1．A．teaching B．learning C．nursing D．farming 2．A．teach B．help C．support D．encourage 3．A．need B．want C．refuse D．hate 4．A．living B．difference C．decision D．choice 5．A．hero B．teacher C．student D．volunteer 6．A．mother B．friend C．leader D．guide 7．A．sign B．symbol C．signal D．mark 8．A．kind B．warm C．loving D．brave 9．A．model B．example C．hero D．leader 10．A．come B．go C．arrive D．follow 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了“时代楷模”张桂梅老师扎根山区教育四十余年，用爱心和坚持改变无数女孩命运的感人事迹。 【详解】 1．句意：她投身于教育事业已超过40年。 根据后文“She believes that education can change a girl’s destiny”以及她作为老师的身份可知，她奉献的是教学事业。teaching“教学”符合语境。learning“学习”、nursing“护理”、farming“耕作”均与张桂梅教师的职业身份不符。 2．句意：只要我还有一口气，我就要站在讲台上，尽我所能去帮助学生们。 根据上下文，张桂梅不仅教书，更致力于改变贫困女孩的命运，“帮助”最能体现她对学生全方位的关怀与付出。help“帮助”符合语境。teach“教”虽相关但语意较窄；support“支持”、encourage“鼓励”均不如help涵盖面广且贴合“do my best to ...”的奉献语境。 3．句意：他们志愿到偏远地区工作，以帮助那些需要教育的孩子们。 根据前文提到的“remote areas”及张桂梅的事迹可知，那里的孩子缺乏教育资源，因此是“需要”教育。need“需要”符合逻辑。want“想要”主观性太强；refuse“拒绝”、hate“讨厌”与文意完全相反。 4．句意：她是一个光辉的榜样，展示了一个人如何能对世界产生影响。 make a difference意为“产生影响，作出贡献”，符合文中赞美她改变世界的语境。living“生活”、decision“决定”、choice“选择”均不能与make a构成表示“产生积极影响”的固定短语。 5．句意：我们都应该向她学习，努力以自己的方式成为一名英雄。 根据前文“Zhang Guimei is a hero in many people’s hearts”及本段主旨，作者号召大家像她一样成为“英雄”。hero“英雄”与前文呼应。teacher“老师”、student“学生”、volunteer“志愿者”虽然也是正面角色，但无法概括全文升华的主题。 6．句意：她不仅是一名老师，更是一位母亲。 根据后文“deep love for the students”及“not only a teacher”可知，此处强调她如母亲般的慈爱。mother“母亲”符合语境。friend“朋友”、leader“领导”、guide“向导”均无法体现这种超越师生关系的亲情与大爱。 7．句意：她的学校不仅仅是一座建筑，更是希望的象征。 symbol of hope意为“希望的象征”，用来形容华坪女高对山区女孩的意义最为恰当。sign“迹象/标志”、signal“信号”、mark“记号”均缺乏“象征”这一深层抽象含义。 8．句意：她已经证明，拥有一颗充满爱的心和坚定的意志，即使是最艰难的山岳也能被移走。 前文多次提到她对学生的“deep love”，此处loving heart“充满爱的心”与之形成完美呼应。kind“善良的”、warm“温暖的”、brave“勇敢的”与情感线索“love”不符。 9．句意：她是我们这个时代真正的英雄，她的故事将继续激励一代又一代人。 根据首句“Zhang Guimei is a hero”及全文基调，此处再次点题，称她为时代的英雄。hero“英雄”符合文意。model“模范”、example“榜样”、leader“领袖”虽有道理，但hero更能表达作者崇高的敬意和情感浓度。 10．句意：她是我们这个时代真正的英雄，她的故事将继续激励一代又一代人。 inspire generations to come“激励后世的人们”。come在此处指代“后来者、后代”。go“去”、arrive“到达”、follow“跟随”在搭配和意境上均不如come自然流畅。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $