Unit 4 Heroes who 引导的定语从句（核心语法精练）英语新教材外研版九年级上册

**基本信息** 以who引导的定语从句为核心，构建“概念解析-关系词辨析-多题型语篇应用”三层训练体系，融合英雄主题语篇，提升语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|1个核心概念+1个关系词表格|通过表格对比who/whom/whose的指代对象与从句成分|从定语从句构成（先行词+引导词+从句）切入，建立关系词选用的判断框架| |考点夯基-单项选择|20题|“找先行词-判断从句成分-匹配关系词”三步解题法|覆盖who作主语/宾语、whose作定语等核心考法，强化关系词功能辨析| |考点夯基-完成句子|10题|合并句子时关系词省略规则与介词+whom结构应用|从简单句合并到同义改写，实现语法规则向语言表达的转化| |综合提升-完形/语法选择/短文填空|3篇语篇|在英雄事迹（张桂梅、杨振宁等）语境中运用定语从句|将语法知识融入真实语篇，培养语境分析与逻辑推理能力|

Unit 4 Heroes 核心语法精练 （who 引导的定语从句） 目录 二、考点夯基 2 一、单项选择 2 二、完成句子 6 一、完形填空 8 二、语法选择 11 一、短文填空 12 定语从句 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词（也叫关系词）。 定语从句的构成：先行词+关系词+定语从句 如：I know the girl who is sitting under the tree. ↓ ↓ ↓ 先行词 引导词 从句（定语从句） 2. 关系词的选用： 关系代词 指代 在定从中所作成分 例句 who 人 主语 宾语 The girl who has long hair is his sister. 留长发的女孩子是他姐姐。 whom 人 宾语 He is the student that/who/whom I like best.他是我最喜欢的学生 whose 人的，物的 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history. 我喜欢那些话题是历史的书 一、单项选择 1．The man ________ is a great scientist is respected by all people. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 2．The folk play tells a story about a fisherman ________ keeps asking the goldfish for more things. A．which B．whom C．who D．whose 3．—He is the kind of man ________ never gives up. —That’s why I admire him. A．which B．whom C．who D．what 4．Wang Zhenyi was a female mathematician and an astronomer ________ lived in the Qing dynasty. A．which B．who C．where D．what 5．The girl ________ you met at the school gate is my sister. A．which B．whom C．where D．when 6．It’s stressful for the person ________ is running late. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 7．—Do you know the scientist ________ we talked about just now? —Yes. He is Yuan Longping. A．what B．whom C．whose D．where 8．I respect the people ________ devote themselves to helping others. A．which B．who C．whose D．what 9．The students ________ are playing basketball are from Class 3. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 10．Not all children ________ watch this video will become scientists, but some may become interested in science. A．whom B．which C．who D．whose 11．The volunteer ______ we talked about is very helpful. A．who B．whose C．which D．what 12．The singer ________ we talked about has won many music prizes. A．whom B．which C．what D．whose 13．Anyone ______ helps others is worthy of praise. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 14．A person ______ works hard will always make progress. A．who B．whose C．whom D．which 15．The boy ________ father is a doctor studies very hard. A．who B．which C．whose D．that 16．We admire the writer ________ works show the beauty of ordinary life. A．whose B．that C．who D．which 17．We will remember the heroes ______ stories touch our hearts. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 18．We respect the doctor ______ life is simple but great. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 19．The nurse ______ patience makes us warm is excellent. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 20．Teenagers ________ know how to share thoughts with partners are more likely to succeed in group work. A．which B．who C．whose D．what 二、完成句子 21．The person is kind. You spoke to him. (合并定语从句) The person ________ you spoke to ________ kind. 22．The volunteer is young. We met her yesterday. (合并定语从句) The volunteer ________ ________ ________ yesterday is young. 23．The soldier is brave. He saved many people. (同义改写) The soldier ________ ________ many people is brave. 24．The teacher inspires us. We like her best. (合并句子) The teacher ________ we like best ________ us. 25．The boy helps homeless people. He sets us a good example.（用who合并定语从句） The boy ________ ________ homeless people sets us a good example. 26．The woman is our new manager. She is very organized. (用who合并为定语从句) The woman ________ ________ very organized is our new manager. 27．The girl is a great scholar. The girl’s name is Wang Zhenyi. (改为定语从句) The girl ________ ________ is Wang Zhenyi is a great scholar. 28．I admire the hero. His story is moving. (用whose改写) I admire the hero ________ ________ is moving. 29．We respect the doctor. Her spirit is great. (用whose合并) We respect the doctor ________ ________ is great. 30．This is the volunteer. I worked with him during the flood drill. (用介词 + whom 合并) This is the volunteer ________ ________ I worked during the flood drill. 一、完形填空 Zhang Guimei is a hero in many people’s hearts. She has devoted herself to 1 for over 40 years. She believes that education can change a girl’s destiny and help her family get out of poverty. Her story has inspired millions of people. She once said, “As long as I have a breath, I will stand on the podium and do my best to 2 the students.” Her spirit of never giving up has encouraged many young teachers to follow her example. They volunteer to work in remote areas to help children who 3 education. Zhang’s story tells us that a hero is not someone who does extraordinary things, but someone who does ordinary things with extraordinary love. She is a shining example of how one person can make a 4 to the world. We should all learn from her and try to be a 5 in our own way. Many people ask her why she works so hard. She smiles and says, “I do it for the girls. They are the future of our country.” Her words are simple, but they show her deep love for the students. She is not only a teacher, but also a 6 . She has lit up the path for thousands of girls who would otherwise have been left in the dark. Her school is not just a building, but a 7 of hope. Every morning, the girls’ loud reading can be heard across the campus. It is the sound of dreams taking flight. Zhang Guimei’s life is a testament to the power of one person’s determination. She has proven that with a 8 heart and unwavering will, even the toughest mountains can be moved. She is a true 9 of our time, and her story will continue to inspire generations to 10 . 1．A．teaching B．learning C．nursing D．farming 2．A．teach B．help C．support D．encourage 3．A．need B．want C．refuse D．hate 4．A．living B．difference C．decision D．choice 5．A．hero B．teacher C．student D．volunteer 6．A．mother B．friend C．leader D．guide 7．A．sign B．symbol C．signal D．mark 8．A．kind B．warm C．loving D．brave 9．A．model B．example C．hero D．leader 10．A．come B．go C．arrive D．follow 二、语法选择 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 On October 18th, 2025, a great man, Yang Zhenning, passed away in Beijing. He was one of the greatest physicists in 1 20th century. Yang was born in 1922 in Anhui. He 2 by his father deeply from a young age and this helped him find his interest in science. When he was only 13, he already dreamed of winning the Nobel Prize. 3 the age of 16, he entered Southwest Associated University and then was 4 accepted to the University of Chicago in the US for further study. He worked very hard, 5 he achieved (取得) outstanding results later. In 1957, 35-year-old Yang won the Nobel Prize in Physics with another Chinese physicist Li Zhengdao for their discovery of parity non-conservation (宇称不守恒). This showed the world 6 Chinese scientists could achieve. Ever since then, it 7 up Chinese scientists’ confidence. His great achievements came from a deep love for science. He also loved 8 country. In his eighties, Yang returned to Tsinghua University 9 physics. Over 90, he still worked every day. He gave all his life to his dream and his country. Yang’s death is a great loss to the world. Many people paid their respects. They said he was among 10 heroes in their hearts and that his spirit would continue to inspire young students. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．is influenced B．was influenced C．was influencing 3．A．In B．On C．At 4．A．success B．successful C．successfully 5．A．so B．but C．or 6．A．what B．whether C．that 7．A．builds B．is building C．has built 8．A．he B．his C．him 9．A．teaching B．to teach C．taught 10．A．great B．greater C．the greatest 三、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空 Heroes come in many forms. Some are famous, while 1 are ordinary people who do extraordinary things. One such hero is my grandmother, 2 lived through the war and helped many people survive. When I was young, I only knew her 3 a kind old lady who made delicious food. But 4 I grew older, I learned about her past. During the war, she 5 (hide) wounded soldiers in her home and gave them food and medicine. She did this 6 the risk of her own life. She never talked about these 7 (thing) because she was a modest person. But her actions have left a deep 8 (impress) on me. She taught me that a hero is not someone 9 seeks fame, but someone who helps others when 10 is needed most. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Heroes 核心语法精练 （who 引导的定语从句） 目录 二、考点夯基 2 一、单项选择 2 二、完成句子 6 一、完形填空 8 二、语法选择 11 一、短文填空 12 定语从句 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词（也叫关系词）。 定语从句的构成：先行词+关系词+定语从句 如：I know the girl who is sitting under the tree. ↓ ↓ ↓ 先行词 引导词 从句（定语从句） 2. 关系词的选用： 关系代词 指代 在定从中所作成分 例句 who 人 主语 宾语 The girl who has long hair is his sister. 留长发的女孩子是他姐姐。 whom 人 宾语 He is the student that/who/whom I like best.他是我最喜欢的学生 whose 人的，物的 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history. 我喜欢那些话题是历史的书 一、单项选择 1．The man ________ is a great scientist is respected by all people. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：那位是一位伟大科学家的男士受到所有人的尊敬。 who谁，指人（主格）；which哪个，指物；whom谁，指人（宾格）；whose谁的，指所属。先行词The man指人，且在从句中作主语，故填who。 2．The folk play tells a story about a fisherman ________ keeps asking the goldfish for more things. A．which B．whom C．who D．whose 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个民间戏剧讲述了一个渔夫的故事，他不断向金鱼索要更多的东西。 which指物；whom指人；who指人；whose指所属关系。本句为含有定语从句的复合句，先行词为“a fisherman”，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用who。故选C。 3．—He is the kind of man ________ never gives up. —That’s why I admire him. A．which B．whom C．who D．what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——他是那种永不放弃的人。——这就是我钦佩他的原因。 which指代物；whom指代人且在从句中作宾语；who指代人且在从句中作主语；what不能引导定语从句。先行词“the kind of man”指人，定语从句中缺少主语，因此选用“who”符合语境。 4．Wang Zhenyi was a female mathematician and an astronomer ________ lived in the Qing dynasty. A．which B．who C．where D．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：王贞仪是一位生活在清朝的女数学家和天文学家。 which指物；who指人；where指地点；what不是关系词。分析句子可知此处是定语从句的关系代词，先行词a female mathematician and an astronomer指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导定语从句。 5．The girl ________ you met at the school gate is my sister. A．which B．whom C．where D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你在学校门口遇到的那个女孩是我的妹妹。 which指物；whom指人（作宾语）；where指地点；when指时间。此处是定语从句的关系代词，先行词The girl指人，且在从句中作met的宾语，应用whom引导。 6．It’s stressful for the person ________ is running late. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对于那个快要迟到的人来说，这是很有压力的。 which哪一个，指物；who谁，指人，主格；whom谁，指人，宾格；whose谁的，表所属。先行词是the person，指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who。 7．—Do you know the scientist ________ we talked about just now? —Yes. He is Yuan Longping. A．what B．whom C．whose D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你认识我们刚才谈论的那位科学家吗？——认识，他是袁隆平。 what不能引导定语从句；whom指代人，在定语从句中作宾语；whose可指代人或物，表所属关系；where是关系副词，在定语从句中作地点状语。此处引导定语从句，先行词the scientist指人，且从句中talked about后缺少宾语，应填whom。 8．I respect the people ________ devote themselves to helping others. A．which B．who C．whose D．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我尊重那些致力于帮助他人的人。 which‌指代事物，不能用于指代表示人的先行词the people； who‌指代人，可在定语从句中作主语； whose‌表示所属关系，在从句中作定语，不能作从句的主语；what‌不能引导定语从句，无先行词时才可使用。 根据先行词the people指代人，且定语从句中缺少指代人、作主语的关系代词可知，只有who符合语法规则。 9．The students ________ are playing basketball are from Class 3. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：正在打篮球的学生们来自三班。 句子是定语从句，先行词“The students”指人，且在从句中作主语，因此用who引导定语从句。 10．Not all children ________ watch this video will become scientists, but some may become interested in science. A．whom B．which C．who D．whose 【答案】C 【详解】句意：并不是所有观看这个视频的孩子都会成为科学家，但有一部分可能会对科学产生兴趣。 whom关系代词，指代人，在从句中作宾语；which关系代词，指代事物；who关系代词，指代人，在从句中作主语；whose关系代词，表所属关系，意为“……的”。先行词children指人，定语从句缺少主语，who可指代人并且充当从句主语。 11．The volunteer ______ we talked about is very helpful. A．who B．whose C．which D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们谈论的那位志愿者非常乐于助人。 who谁；whose谁的；which哪一个；what什么。先行词“The volunteer”指人，定语从句“we talked about”中缺少介词“about”的宾语，需用关系代词“who”指代人并在从句中作宾语。 12．The singer ________ we talked about has won many music prizes. A．whom B．which C．what D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们谈论过的那位歌手赢得了许多音乐奖项。 whom谁（宾格）；which哪一个（指物）；what什么；whose谁的。先行词是The singer，指人，且在从句中作介词about的宾语，应用whom。 13．Anyone ______ helps others is worthy of praise. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：任何帮助他人的人都值得赞扬。 which哪一个；whose谁的；who谁（在定语从句中作主语）；whom谁（在定语从句中作宾语）。先行词“Anyone”指人，定语从句“helps others”中缺少主语，需用关系代词“who”作主语。 14．A person ______ works hard will always make progress. A．who B．whose C．whom D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：一个努力工作的人总会取得进步。 who谁（主格）；whose谁的；whom谁（宾格）；which哪一个（指物）。先行词是“A person”，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，因此用who引导。 15．The boy ________ father is a doctor studies very hard. A．who B．which C．whose D．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：父亲是医生的那个男孩学习很努力。 who谁；which哪一个；whose谁的；that那个。分析句子结构可知，先行词是The boy，空处引导定语从句，关系词在从句中修饰father，表示所属关系，即“男孩的父亲”，因此需用关系代词whose。 16．We admire the writer ________ works show the beauty of ordinary life. A．whose B．that C．who D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们敬佩那位作品展现平凡生活之美的作家。 whose表所属关系，whose works相当于the writer’s works，表示“作家的作品”；that可指人或物，不作定语；who指代人，在从句中作主语；which指代物。此处需要关系代词作works的定语，应填whose。 17．We will remember the heroes ______ stories touch our hearts. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们会铭记那些故事打动我们心灵的英雄。 who谁，先行词是人，在从句里作主语/宾语；whom谁，先行词是人，在从句里只作宾语；whose谁的，在定语从句中作定语；which哪个，先行词是事物，不能指人。此句要表达 “英雄的故事”，是所属关系，应填whose。 18．We respect the doctor ______ life is simple but great. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们尊敬那位生活简朴但伟大的医生。 who谁（在定语从句中作主语或宾语）；whom谁（在定语从句中作宾语）whose谁的；which哪一个。先行词“The doctor”指人，定语从句中“life”与先行词之间存在所属关系（医生的生活），需用关系代词“whose”作定语修饰“life”。 19．The nurse ______ patience makes us warm is excellent. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：那位耐心让我们感到温暖的护士非常优秀。 who谁；whom谁；whose谁的；which哪一个。根据“The nurse ______ patience makes us warm”可知，先行词是The nurse，空后是名词patience，表示所属关系，意为“护士的耐心”，需用whose引导定语从句。应填whose。 20．Teenagers ________ know how to share thoughts with partners are more likely to succeed in group work. A．which B．who C．whose D．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：懂得如何与同伴分享想法的青少年在小组活动中更容易取得成功。 which哪一个（先行词指物）；who谁（先行词指人，在定语从句中作主语）；whose谁的（在从句中作定语）；what什么（不能引导定语从句）。先行词为“Teenagers”指代人，从句缺少主语，应填who。 二、完成句子 21．The person is kind. You spoke to him. (合并定语从句) The person ________ you spoke to ________ kind. 【答案】 who/whom/that is 【详解】句意：这个人很善良。你和他交谈过。先行词The person指代人，在定语从句中作spoke to的宾语，使用关系代词who/whom/that；主句主语The person为第三人称单数，主句为一般现在时，谓语动词使用is。 22．The volunteer is young. We met her yesterday. (合并定语从句) The volunteer ________ ________ ________ yesterday is young. 【答案】 who/whom/that we met 【详解】句意：志愿者很年轻。我们昨天见过她。第一空：这里要把两个简单句合并成定语从句，主句主语是The volunteer，指人，因此先行词为人，从句原句为“We met her”，其中her指代The volunteer且在从句中作宾语，指代人且在从句中作宾语，关系词可填who，whom或that；定语从句需使用陈述语序（关系代词 + 主语 + 谓语），因此第二空填we，第三空填met。 23．The soldier is brave. He saved many people. (同义改写) The soldier ________ ________ many people is brave. 【答案】 who saved 【详解】句意：这名士兵很勇敢。他救了许多人。先行词为The soldier（指人），在后置的定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导从句；从句描述过去发生的动作，谓语动词需用过去式saved。 24．The teacher inspires us. We like her best. (合并句子) The teacher ________ we like best ________ us. 【答案】 who inspires 【详解】句意：这位老师激励我们。我们最喜欢她。合并为含有定语从句的复合句，先行词The teacher指人，关系代词用who；主句主语The teacher是单数，谓语动词用inspires。 25．The boy helps homeless people. He sets us a good example.（用who合并定语从句） The boy ________ ________ homeless people sets us a good example. 【答案】 who helps 【详解】句意：这个男孩帮助无家可归的人。他给我们树立了一个好榜样。先行词the boy是人，用关系代词who引导限制性定语从句，who在从句中作主语，指代the boy，谓语动词用第三人称单数helps。应填who；helps。 26．The woman is our new manager. She is very organized. (用who合并为定语从句) The woman ________ ________ very organized is our new manager. 【答案】 who is 【详解】句意：这位女士是我们的新经理。她很有条理。改变后的句意为：这位很有条理的女士是我们的新经理。先行词是人，且关系代词在从句中作主语，关系代词用who，先行词是第三人称单数，be动词用is。 27．The girl is a great scholar. The girl’s name is Wang Zhenyi. (改为定语从句) The girl ________ ________ is Wang Zhenyi is a great scholar. 【答案】 whose name 【详解】句意：这个女孩是一位伟大的学者。这个女孩的名字叫王贞仪。题目要求将两个简单句合并为含有定语从句的复合句；主句的主语是The girl，即定语从句修饰的先行词；原句中提到“The girl’s name”，表示所属关系，即“女孩的”，在定语从句中应使用表示所有格的关系代词whose，从句部分意为“名字叫王贞仪”，完整结构应为“whose name is Wang Zhenyi”。 28．I admire the hero. His story is moving. (用whose改写) I admire the hero ________ ________ is moving. 【答案】 whose story 【详解】句意：我钦佩这位英雄，他的故事令人感动。根据“用 whose改写”可知，本题需用whose引导的定语从句将两个简单句合并为一个复合句。whose在此句中作定语，修饰其后的名词story（“他的故事”），在从句“whose story is moving”中作定语，意为“……的”。故填whose；story。 29．We respect the doctor. Her spirit is great. (用whose合并) We respect the doctor ________ ________ is great. 【答案】 whose spirit 【详解】句意：我们尊重这位医生，她的精神很伟大。根据“用whose合并”可知，本题需用whose引导的定语从句将两个简单句合并为一个复合句。whose在此句中作定语，修饰其后的名词spirit（“她的精神”），在从句“whose spirit is great”中作定语，意为“……的”。故填whose；spirit。 30．This is the volunteer. I worked with him during the flood drill. (用介词 + whom 合并) This is the volunteer ________ ________ I worked during the flood drill. 【答案】 with whom 【详解】句意：这就是我在防汛演练期间共事的志愿者。原句中先行词the volunteer指代人，要求用“介词+whom”结构引导定语从句，原句搭配work with sb.表示“和某人共事”，将介词with提前至关系代词whom前，构成with whom，放在先行词后引导从句。 一、完形填空 Zhang Guimei is a hero in many people’s hearts. She has devoted herself to 1 for over 40 years. She believes that education can change a girl’s destiny and help her family get out of poverty. Her story has inspired millions of people. She once said, “As long as I have a breath, I will stand on the podium and do my best to 2 the students.” Her spirit of never giving up has encouraged many young teachers to follow her example. They volunteer to work in remote areas to help children who 3 education. Zhang’s story tells us that a hero is not someone who does extraordinary things, but someone who does ordinary things with extraordinary love. She is a shining example of how one person can make a 4 to the world. We should all learn from her and try to be a 5 in our own way. Many people ask her why she works so hard. She smiles and says, “I do it for the girls. They are the future of our country.” Her words are simple, but they show her deep love for the students. She is not only a teacher, but also a 6 . She has lit up the path for thousands of girls who would otherwise have been left in the dark. Her school is not just a building, but a 7 of hope. Every morning, the girls’ loud reading can be heard across the campus. It is the sound of dreams taking flight. Zhang Guimei’s life is a testament to the power of one person’s determination. She has proven that with a 8 heart and unwavering will, even the toughest mountains can be moved. She is a true 9 of our time, and her story will continue to inspire generations to 10 . 1．A．teaching B．learning C．nursing D．farming 2．A．teach B．help C．support D．encourage 3．A．need B．want C．refuse D．hate 4．A．living B．difference C．decision D．choice 5．A．hero B．teacher C．student D．volunteer 6．A．mother B．friend C．leader D．guide 7．A．sign B．symbol C．signal D．mark 8．A．kind B．warm C．loving D．brave 9．A．model B．example C．hero D．leader 10．A．come B．go C．arrive D．follow 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了“时代楷模”张桂梅老师扎根山区教育四十余年，用爱心和坚持改变无数女孩命运的感人事迹。 【详解】 1．句意：她投身于教育事业已超过40年。 根据后文“She believes that education can change a girl’s destiny”以及她作为老师的身份可知，她奉献的是教学事业。teaching“教学”符合语境。learning“学习”、nursing“护理”、farming“耕作”均与张桂梅教师的职业身份不符。 2．句意：只要我还有一口气，我就要站在讲台上，尽我所能去帮助学生们。 根据上下文，张桂梅不仅教书，更致力于改变贫困女孩的命运，“帮助”最能体现她对学生全方位的关怀与付出。help“帮助”符合语境。teach“教”虽相关但语意较窄；support“支持”、encourage“鼓励”均不如help涵盖面广且贴合“do my best to ...”的奉献语境。 3．句意：他们志愿到偏远地区工作，以帮助那些需要教育的孩子们。 根据前文提到的“remote areas”及张桂梅的事迹可知，那里的孩子缺乏教育资源，因此是“需要”教育。need“需要”符合逻辑。want“想要”主观性太强；refuse“拒绝”、hate“讨厌”与文意完全相反。 4．句意：她是一个光辉的榜样，展示了一个人如何能对世界产生影响。 make a difference意为“产生影响，作出贡献”，符合文中赞美她改变世界的语境。living“生活”、decision“决定”、choice“选择”均不能与make a构成表示“产生积极影响”的固定短语。 5．句意：我们都应该向她学习，努力以自己的方式成为一名英雄。 根据前文“Zhang Guimei is a hero in many people’s hearts”及本段主旨，作者号召大家像她一样成为“英雄”。hero“英雄”与前文呼应。teacher“老师”、student“学生”、volunteer“志愿者”虽然也是正面角色，但无法概括全文升华的主题。 6．句意：她不仅是一名老师，更是一位母亲。 根据后文“deep love for the students”及“not only a teacher”可知，此处强调她如母亲般的慈爱。mother“母亲”符合语境。friend“朋友”、leader“领导”、guide“向导”均无法体现这种超越师生关系的亲情与大爱。 7．句意：她的学校不仅仅是一座建筑，更是希望的象征。 symbol of hope意为“希望的象征”，用来形容华坪女高对山区女孩的意义最为恰当。sign“迹象/标志”、signal“信号”、mark“记号”均缺乏“象征”这一深层抽象含义。 8．句意：她已经证明，拥有一颗充满爱的心和坚定的意志，即使是最艰难的山岳也能被移走。 前文多次提到她对学生的“deep love”，此处loving heart“充满爱的心”与之形成完美呼应。kind“善良的”、warm“温暖的”、brave“勇敢的”与情感线索“love”不符。 9．句意：她是我们这个时代真正的英雄，她的故事将继续激励一代又一代人。 根据首句“Zhang Guimei is a hero”及全文基调，此处再次点题，称她为时代的英雄。hero“英雄”符合文意。model“模范”、example“榜样”、leader“领袖”虽有道理，但hero更能表达作者崇高的敬意和情感浓度。 10．句意：她是我们这个时代真正的英雄，她的故事将继续激励一代又一代人。 inspire generations to come“激励后世的人们”。come在此处指代“后来者、后代”。go“去”、arrive“到达”、follow“跟随”在搭配和意境上均不如come自然流畅。 二、语法选择 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 On October 18th, 2025, a great man, Yang Zhenning, passed away in Beijing. He was one of the greatest physicists in 1 20th century. Yang was born in 1922 in Anhui. He 2 by his father deeply from a young age and this helped him find his interest in science. When he was only 13, he already dreamed of winning the Nobel Prize. 3 the age of 16, he entered Southwest Associated University and then was 4 accepted to the University of Chicago in the US for further study. He worked very hard, 5 he achieved (取得) outstanding results later. In 1957, 35-year-old Yang won the Nobel Prize in Physics with another Chinese physicist Li Zhengdao for their discovery of parity non-conservation (宇称不守恒). This showed the world 6 Chinese scientists could achieve. Ever since then, it 7 up Chinese scientists’ confidence. His great achievements came from a deep love for science. He also loved 8 country. In his eighties, Yang returned to Tsinghua University 9 physics. Over 90, he still worked every day. He gave all his life to his dream and his country. Yang’s death is a great loss to the world. Many people paid their respects. They said he was among 10 heroes in their hearts and that his spirit would continue to inspire young students. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．is influenced B．was influenced C．was influencing 3．A．In B．On C．At 4．A．success B．successful C．successfully 5．A．so B．but C．or 6．A．what B．whether C．that 7．A．builds B．is building C．has built 8．A．he B．his C．him 9．A．teaching B．to teach C．taught 10．A．great B．greater C．the greatest 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了著名物理学家杨振宁的生平事迹、学术成就及其对祖国科学事业的贡献，表达了对他的怀念之情。 【详解】 1．句意：他是20世纪最伟大的物理学家之一。 根据“20th century”是序数词，序数词前通常加定冠词the表示特指。 2．句意：他从小深受父亲影响。 根据“He was born in 1922”可知故事发生在过去，且他与影响之间是被动关系，was influenced符合语境。 3．句意：在16岁时。 根据固定搭配“at the age of...”表示“在……岁时”。At符合语境。 4．句意：然后被成功录取到美国芝加哥大学。 此处修饰动词accepted，需用副词。Successfully符合语境。 5．句意：他努力工作，所以后来取得了杰出成果 前后句存在因果关系，努力是因，成果是果，so符合语境。 6．句意：这向世界展示了中国科学家能取得什么成就 从句中achieve缺少宾语，指代事物。根据语法合理性，可知应用what引导。 7．句意：从那时起，它建立了中国科学家的自信。 根据时间状语“Ever since then”可知应用现在完成时。根据语法合理性，可知应填has built。 8．句意：他也爱他的祖国。 此处修饰名词country，需用形容词性物主代词。His符合语境。 9．句意：杨回到清华大学教物理。 此处表示回到大学的目的，应用动词不定式，to teach符合语境。 10．句意：他是他们心中最伟大的英雄之一。 根据“among...heroes”及语境可知表示“最……之一”，需用最高级，the greatest符合语境。 三、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空 Heroes come in many forms. Some are famous, while 1 are ordinary people who do extraordinary things. One such hero is my grandmother, 2 lived through the war and helped many people survive. When I was young, I only knew her 3 a kind old lady who made delicious food. But 4 I grew older, I learned about her past. During the war, she 5 (hide) wounded soldiers in her home and gave them food and medicine. She did this 6 the risk of her own life. She never talked about these 7 (thing) because she was a modest person. But her actions have left a deep 8 (impress) on me. She taught me that a hero is not someone 9 seeks fame, but someone who helps others when 10 is needed most. 【答案】 1．others 2．who 3．as 4．as/when 5．hid 6．at 7．things 8．impression 9．who 10．it 【导语】本文讲述祖母这位平凡英雄在战争中救助伤员的故事，阐释英雄不必追逐名望，危难时刻助人就是英雄。 【详解】 1．句意：英雄有很多种。一些人声名远扬，另一些是做出非凡事迹的普通人。固定搭配some…others…，意为“一些……另一些……”。 2．句意：我的祖母就是这样一位英雄，她经历过战争并帮助很多人活了下来。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词my grandmother指人，从句缺少主语，用关系代词who。 3．句意：小时候，我只知道她是一位会做美味食物的善良老太太。固定搭配know sb. as…，表示“知晓某人是……”。 4．句意：但随着我慢慢长大，我了解到了她的过往。此处需要引导时间状语从句，when侧重“在某个时间节点”，as侧重“伴随着成长这个渐进过程”，as与when两者均可引导时间状语从句，语法、语义都成立。 5．句意：战争期间，她把受伤士兵藏在家中，供给他们食物和药品。动作发生在过去战争时期，使用一般过去时，hide的过去式为hid。 6．句意：她冒着生命危险做这件事。固定短语at the risk of，表示 “冒着……的危险”。 7．句意：她从不提起这些事，因为她为人谦逊。these后接可数名词复数，thing复数形式为things。 8．句意：但她的行为给我留下了深刻的印象。固定搭配leave a deep impression on sb.，表示“给某人留下深刻印象”，需要使用impress的名词形式impression。 9．句意：她教会我，英雄不是追逐名望的人，而是在最需要援助之时伸出援手的人。定语从句先行词someone指人，从句缺少主语，用关系代词who。 10．句意：她教会我，英雄不是追逐名望的人，而是在最需要援助之时伸出援手的人。when引导状语从句，从句缺少主语；it指代前文的援助他人这件事。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $