Unit 3 Family ties.语法精讲精练2026-2027学年外研版英语七年级上册

2026-09-02
| 11页
| 80人阅读
| 2人下载
普通

摘要:

该初中英语知识清单聚焦外研版七上Unit 3“Family ties”名词所有格专题,系统梳理's所有格、of所有格、双重所有格三种形式,涵盖构成规则、适用对象、重难点(如复数所有格撇号位置、并列名词共同与各自所有等),搭建从基础规则到特殊用法再到综合应用的递进式学习支架,配套分层专项练习。 清单通过“易错警示”标注(如撇号位置区分单复数、节日表达规范)、典型例题精讲(如共同所有“Lily and Lucy's room”解析)强化语言能力,设计“三种所有格选择速判表”培养思维品质,分层练习与答案解析支持不同学生自主学习,教师可据此精准突破语法难点,提升教学实效。

内容正文:

外研版 七上 Unit 3 Family ties.语法精讲精练 —— 名词所有格专题 —— 使用说明 名词所有格表示名词与名词之间的所属关系,相当于汉语「……的」。英语名词所有格主要有三种形式:'s 所有格、of 所有格和双重所有格。本讲系统梳理三种所有格的构成规则与适用对象,重点突破复数名词所有格的撇号位置、并列名词「共同所有」与「各自所有」、所有格后名词的省略以及双重所有格,配套分层专项练习,答案与解析统一附于文末。 第一讲 知识精讲 一、's 所有格:表示「……的」 (一)'s 所有格的构成规则 名词类型 构成方法 示例 一般单数名词 词尾直接加 's Mary's mother 玛丽的妈妈;the teacher's desk 讲桌;Tom's bike 以 -s 结尾的复数名词 只在词尾加撇号 ' the teachers' office 教师办公室;the students' books 学生们的书;my parents' room 不以 -s/-es 结尾的不规则复数名词 仍加 's Children's Day 儿童节;Women's Day 妇女节;men's room 男厕所;the People's Park 以 -s 结尾的单数专有名词 加 's 或只加 ' 均可 James's/James' book 詹姆斯的书;Dickens's/Dickens' novels 【易错警示】撇号位置决定单复数含义:the student's book(这个学生的书,单数)vs. the students' books(学生们的书,复数);节日表达要记牢:Children's Day、Women's Day 用 's,Teachers' Day 用 s'。 (二)并列名词的所有格:共同所有 vs 各自所有(重点) 类型 构成 含义 例句 共同所有 只在最后一个名词后加 's 几人共同拥有同一物,被修饰名词用单数 Lily and Lucy's room 莉莉和露西共同的房间(共住一间) 各自所有 每个名词后都加 's 各自分别拥有,被修饰名词用复数 Lily's and Lucy's rooms 莉莉和露西各自的房间(两间) Tom and Jerry's mother is a doctor. 汤姆和杰瑞的妈妈是医生。(两人是兄弟,同一妈妈) Tom's and Jerry's mothers are both doctors. 汤姆的妈妈和杰瑞的妈妈都是医生。(各自的妈妈) (三)'s 所有格的特殊适用对象 一般来说 's 所有格用于有生命的名词,但下列无生命名词也习惯用 's 所有格: 类别 示例 时间 today's newspaper 今天的报纸;ten minutes' walk 十分钟的路程;a week's holiday 一周的假期 距离 twenty minutes' ride 二十分钟车程;a mile's distance 一英里的距离 国家、城市、地点 China's capital 中国的首都;Beijing's weather 北京的天气;the city's parks 城市公园 价值、重量 a dollar's worth 一美元的价值;two tons' weight 两吨重 自然现象、拟人 the earth's surface 地球表面;nature's works 大自然的杰作;the sun's rays 阳光 交通工具、机构 the ship's crew 船员;the school's history 校史 二、of 所有格(主要用于无生命名词) 表示无生命物体的所属关系一般用「of + 名词」结构,语序与汉语相反:汉语说「A 的 B」,英语写为「the B of A」。 a map of China 一张中国地图(中国的地图) the door of the classroom = the classroom door 教室的门 the legs of the table 桌子的腿 the name of the book 这本书的名字 【易错警示】of 结构语序相反,不能说 *China's map(地图无生命),应说 a map of China;但国家可用 's(China's capital),二者在国家、地点类名词上有时可通用。 【注】当名词有较长的定语修饰时,即使是有生命名词也常用 of 所有格:the books of the boy sitting under the tree(坐在树下那个男孩的书)。 三、所有格后名词的省略(图片重点) 表示诊所、店铺、理发店、面包店或某人的家等地点时,名词所有格后面被修饰的名词(如 house, shop, office, clinic, store)常常省略,直接用「the + 职业/人名 + 's」表示该场所。 所有格省略式 完整形式 含义 at the doctor's at the doctor's clinic/office 在诊所(在医生那里看病) at Mr Black's at Mr Black's house 在布莱克先生家 at the baker's at the baker's shop 在面包店 at the barber's / the hairdresser's at the barber's shop 在理发店 at my uncle's at my uncle's home 在我叔叔家 go to the dentist's go to the dentist's clinic 去看牙医 I met an old friend at the butcher's. 我在肉店遇到一位老朋友。 We are going to have dinner at Grandma's. 我们要去奶奶家吃晚饭。 四、双重所有格:of + 名词所有格 / 名词性物主代词 双重所有格指「a/an/some/any/this/that + 名词 + of + 名词's / 名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his...)」,表示整体中的一部分或带有感情色彩。 结构 例句 含义 a/an + 名词 + of + 's a friend of my father's 我父亲的一位朋友(众多朋友之一) this/that + 名词 + of + 's that son of Mr Li's 李先生的那个儿子(含感情色彩) 名词 + of + 名词性物主代词 a friend of mine / some books of hers 我的一位朋友 / 她的一些书 【易错警示】双重所有格 of 后必须用名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his),不能用形容词性(my/your/his + 名词)。正确:a friend of mine;错误:*a friend of me / *a friend of my。 五、三种所有格选择速判 情形 所用所有格 示例 有生命的人或动物 's 所有格 the teacher's office; the dog's food 无生命的事物 of 所有格 the window of the room 时间/距离/国家/地点/自然 's 所有格 today's news; China's development 诊所、店铺、某人家(省略场所名词) 's 所有格 at the doctor's; at Tom's 表示「其中之一」、带感情色彩 双重所有格 a friend of mine; this bike of my brother's 六、典型例题精讲 【例1】This is ______ bedroom. They are twin sisters and share one room. A. Lily and Lucy's B. Lily's and Lucy's C. Lily's and Lucy D. Lily and Lucy 【答案】A 【解析】由 share one room 可知两人共同拥有一间卧室,共同所有只在最后加 's,故选 A。 【例2】Tomorrow is ______ Day. Let's buy some flowers for our teachers. A. Teacher B. Teacher's C. Teachers' D. Teachers 【答案】C 【解析】「教师节」为复数教师们的节日,teachers 以 s 结尾,只加撇号 Teachers' Day,故选 C。 【例3】It's about ______ walk from my home to school. A. ten minute B. ten minutes C. ten minute's D. ten minutes' 【答案】D 【解析】时间所有格,ten minutes 以 s 结尾,只加撇号,ten minutes' walk 步行十分钟的路程,故选 D。 【例4】My sister is ill, so she has to stay at ______ for two days. A. doctor B. the doctor C. the doctor's D. doctors 【答案】C 【解析】at the doctor's 表示「在诊所(看病)」,所有格后省略 clinic,故选 C。 【例5】He is a close friend of ______. We have known each other for years. A. me B. my C. mine D. I 【答案】C 【解析】双重所有格 a friend of + 名词性物主代词,用 mine,故选 C。 第二讲 综合演练 一、单项选择(每小题1分,共18分) 1. This is ______ office. They work in the same office. A. Mr Green and Mr Smith's B. Mr Green's and Mr Smith's C. Mr Green and Mr Smith D. Mr Green's and Mr Smith 2. June 1st is ______ Day. A. Child B. Child's C. Children's D. Childrens' 3. The supermarket is about ______ ride from here. A. half an hour B. half an hours' C. half an hour's D. half an hours's 4. I bought some bread at ______ on my way home. A. the baker B. the baker's C. bakers D. baker's shop is 5. Look! The ______ bikes are over there. They are playing games. A. boy B. boys C. boy's D. boys' 6. This is not my umbrella; it is a friend of ______. A. me B. my C. mine D. I 7. ______ is on September 10th every year. A. Teacher Day B. Teacher's Day C. Teachers' Day D. Teachers Day 8. Can you tell me the answer ______ this question? A. of B. to C. for D. with 9. Those are ______ rooms. They live on different floors. A. Tom and Jerry's B. Tom's and Jerry's C. Tom and Jerry D. Tom's and Jerry 10. We will have a ______ holiday after the exam. A. two month B. two month's C. two months' D. two-months 11. I'm going to ______ to have my hair cut this afternoon. A. barber B. the barber's C. barbers D. the barber 12. The man in blue is ______ father. A. Lucy and Lily's B. Lucy's and Lily's C. Lucy and Lily D. Lucy's and Lily 13. What is ______ name of the mountain near your town? A. a B. an C. the D. / 14. This new bike of ______ looks very cool. A. my brother B. my brother's C. my brothers D. mine brother 15. After ______ work, she went to ______ to pick up her son. A. a day; her mother B. a day's; her mother's C. day's; her mother D. a day'; her mothers' 16. March 8th is ______ Day. A. Woman B. Women's C. Woman's D. Womens' 17. The ______ classroom is next to the teachers' office. A. student B. students C. student's D. students' 18. He is going to ______ for a check-up tomorrow. A. dentist B. the dentist's C. dentist's is D. the dentists 二、用所给名词的适当所有格形式填空(每小题1分,共12分) 1. This is ______ (Mary) mother. She is a nurse. 2. The ______ (teacher) office is on the second floor. 3. June 1st is ______ (children) Day. 4. It's about twenty ______ (minute) walk to the library. 5. These are ______ (Tom and Jack) bedrooms. Each has his own. 6. This bedroom is ______ (Tom and Jack). They share it. 7. Have you read ______ (today) newspaper? 8. I had my bike repaired at the ______ (repairman) near the gate. 9. He is a classmate of my ______ (sister). 10. The ______ (women) clothes are on the third floor. 11. We had dinner at ______ (Mr Wang) last night. 12. This is ______ (China) longest river, the Yangtze. 三、根据汉语意思完成句子(每小题2分,共6分) 1. 步行五分钟就到医院了。 It's five ______ ______ to the hospital. 2. 这是我爸爸的一位老朋友。 This is an old friend ______ ______ ______. 3. 露西和莉莉的裙子都很漂亮(各自的裙子)。 ______ and ______ skirts are both very beautiful. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1. 【答案】A 【解析】同一间办公室,共同所有只在最后加 's 2. 【答案】C 【解析】Children's Day,children 不规则复数加 's 3. 【答案】C 【解析】时间所有格 half an hour's walk,单数加 's 4. 【答案】B 【解析】at the baker's 在面包店,省略 shop 5. 【答案】D 【解析】boys' bikes,复数以 s 结尾只加撇号 6. 【答案】C 【解析】双重所有格 a friend of mine,用名词性物主代词 7. 【答案】C 【解析】Teachers' Day,teachers 以 s 结尾只加撇号 8. 【答案】B 【解析】the answer to the question 固定搭配,钥匙/答案/入口用 to 9. 【答案】B 【解析】different floors 各自所有,两个都加 's 10. 【答案】C 【解析】two months' holiday,复数 s 结尾只加撇号 11. 【答案】B 【解析】at the barber's 在理发店,省略 shop 12. 【答案】A 【解析】the man 单数,两人同一个爸爸,共同所有 13. 【答案】C 【解析】of 所有格,the name of the mountain 特指加 the 14. 【答案】B 【解析】双重所有格 this bike of my brother's 15. 【答案】B 【解析】a day's work 一天的工作;her mother's 省略 home 16. 【答案】B 【解析】Women's Day,women 不规则复数加 's 17. 【答案】D 【解析】students' classroom 学生们的教室,复数 s' 18. 【答案】B 【解析】at the dentist's 在牙医诊所,省略 clinic 二、所有格形式填空 1. 【答案】Mary's 【解析】单数名词直接加 's 2. 【答案】teachers' 【解析】教师办公室,复数 s 结尾只加撇号 3. 【答案】Children's 【解析】children 不规则复数加 's 4. 【答案】minutes' 【解析】twenty minutes 复数 s 结尾加撇号 5. 【答案】Tom's and Jack's 【解析】each has his own 各自所有,两个都加 6. 【答案】Tom and Jack's 【解析】share it 共同所有,只在最后加 7. 【答案】today's / 不填(today's) 【解析】时间所有格 today's newspaper 8. 【答案】repairman's 【解析】at the repairman's 在修理铺,省略 shop 9. 【答案】sister's 【解析】双重所有格 a classmate of my sister's 10. 【答案】women's 【解析】women 不规则复数加 's 11. 【答案】Mr Wang's 【解析】at Mr Wang's 在王先生家,省略 home 12. 【答案】China's 【解析】国家所有格 China's longest river 三、完成句子 1. 【答案】minutes' walk 【解析】时间距离所有格,复数 s 结尾加撇号 2. 【答案】of my father's 【解析】双重所有格 of + 's 3. 【答案】Lucy's; Lily's 【解析】各自所有,两个名词都加 's 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

资源预览图

Unit 3 Family ties.语法精讲精练2026-2027学年外研版英语七年级上册
1
Unit 3 Family ties.语法精讲精练2026-2027学年外研版英语七年级上册
2
Unit 3 Family ties.语法精讲精练2026-2027学年外研版英语七年级上册
3
相关资源
示范课
由于学科网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不确保部分用户上传资料的 来源及知识产权归属。如您发现相关资料侵犯您的合法权益,请联系学科网,我们核实后将及时进行处理。