Unit 4 语法填空专项练习 2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦人物传记语境，系统训练语法填空核心考点，融合语言能力与文化意识培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |人物传记类语法填空|10篇/100空（涵盖袁隆平、张桂梅等真实人物事迹）|语境化语法填空，考查动词时态、非谓语、名词复数等基础语法在语篇中的应用|以记叙文时间线为脉络，通过人物行为串联时态、非谓语等语法点，构建“事件描述-语法应用”的逻辑链条|

Unit 4 语法填空专项练习 2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册(学生版) Passage 1 Yuan Longping was a great Chinese scientist. He 1 (be) born in 1930. He spent his whole life 2 (research) hybrid rice. His work helped solve the food problem for millions of people around the world. In the 1960s, China 3 (face) a serious food shortage. Yuan Longping decided 4 (develop) a new kind of rice that could produce more food. He did thousands of 5 (experiment) and failed many times. But he 6 (never) gave up. Finally, in 1973, he 7 (success) in developing hybrid rice. This rice could produce 20% more than common rice. Yuan Longping 8 (call) the “Father of Hybrid Rice” by people all over the world. Yuan Longping passed away in 2021. But his spirit 9 (live) on. We should learn from him and do our best 10 (help) others. Passage 2 Last week, our class had a discussion about heroes. Everyone shared their ideas. Li Wei said his hero was his PE teacher. “He is very strong and brave,” he said. “Once he saved a boy from a river. He 11 (show) us what courage is.” Wang Mei talked about a famous singer. “She 12 (donate) a lot of money to help poor children. She is not only a great singer but also a kind 13 (person).” Zhang Hong chose Zhong Nanshan. “He is a great doctor. During the pandemic, he 14 (work) hard to help people. He is a real hero in my heart.” Our teacher told us that heroes are not only famous people. “Everyone can be a hero. If you help others, work hard 15 never give up, you are a hero too,” she said. I think heroes are people who make a difference 16 our lives. They teach us to be kind, brave and responsible. We should learn 17 them and try to be like them. What 18 (be) your idea of a hero? Share it with your friends. It will help you understand the meaning of 19 (hero) better. And remember, even small acts of kindness can make you 20 hero in someone’s eyes. Passage 3 Zhang Guimei is a true hero in the hearts of many Chinese people. She is a teacher 21 (devote) her life to education in the mountainous areas of Yunnan Province. Zhang was born in 1957. She 22 (lose) her parents at a young age and had a difficult childhood. However, these experiences didn’t stop her from 23 (help) others. In 2008, she founded the first free high school for girls 24 is located in Huaping County. Since then, she has helped over 2,000 girls from poor families 25 (realise) their dreams of going to college. Every morning, Zhang wakes up at 5 a.m. and uses a loudspeaker 26 (wake) the students up. She walks through the school with a flashlight, checking every classroom. Her health is not good, and she suffers from more than 20 27 (illness). But she never thinks about 28 (she). “I am not just a headmaster. I am a mother to these children,” she says. The girls 29 she has helped now work in different fields across the country. They are all grateful to “Mother Zhang”. Her story shows us that a true hero is someone 30 never gives up and always thinks of others first. Passage 4 Marie is a famous woman in the world. She 31 (make) a lot of important contributions (贡献) to the development of humans. She was born in Poland 32 (介词) 1867. Her father worked 33 (介词) a middle school headmaster and taught math and physics, so she enjoyed and did well in these 34 (subject) at school. Marie went to study in Paris University in 1891. She studied math and physics there and met a scientist 35 (call) Pierre Curie. They got married in 1895. From then on, she was called Madame Curie. Together, Pierre and Marie discovered radium (镭). In 1903, Marie became the 36 (one) woman to win the Nobel Prize. Then, in 1904, Pierre became a member of the “Academie Francaise” (法兰西学院). But Marie was not accepted by 37 (they) because women were not allowed to become members at that time. In 1906, Pierre died in 38 (冠词) accident, but Marie went on 39 (work) until she died in 1934. Madame Curie is our hero. Not only did she discover radium but also won the Nobel Prize 40 (two) in her lifetime. Passage 5 Every community has its heroes. Some are famous, 41 others are ordinary people who do extraordinary things. My local hero is Mr Zhang, a retired 42 (teach) in my village. Mr Zhang taught at our village school 43 over 40 years. He was so 44 (dedicate) that he often stayed after school to help students 45 were struggling. He bought books and 46 (supply) for poor students with his own money. 47 many of his students have become successful, they still remember him with great respect. Mr Zhang is 48 (true) a local hero. He is a person 49 changed the lives of many children. His example continues to encourage young people to 50 (follow) in his footsteps. Passage 6 Heroes come in many forms. Some are famous, while 51 are ordinary people who do extraordinary things. One such hero is my grandmother, 52 lived through the war and helped many people survive. When I was young, I only knew her 53 a kind old lady who made delicious food. But 54 I grew older, I learned about her past. During the war, she 55 (hide) wounded soldiers in her home and gave them food and medicine. She did this 56 the risk of her own life. She never talked about these 57 (thing) because she was a modest person. But her actions have left a deep 58 (impress) on me. She taught me that a hero is not someone 59 seeks fame, but someone who helps others when 60 is needed most. Passage 7 Do you know the story of the soldiers 61 fought in the Battle of Changjin Lake? This battle took place 62 the Korean War. The temperature was so low that it dropped 63 -40 C. The soldiers, 64 were poorly equipped, had to fight in the freezing cold. Many soldiers 65 (lose) their lives in the battle. Some died from the cold, while others 66 (fall) in the fighting. But they never gave up. They stayed at their 67 (post) and defended their positions. Those 68 survived continued to fight bravely. Today, we remember these soldiers 69 great respect. They are heroes 70 gave everything for their country. Their stories inspire us to be brave and selfless. Passage 8 On 7th September, 1950, some American officers arrived at Qian Xuesen’s home. They took him to 71 island and kept him there. They did this because Qian Xuesen was planning to return to China. Qian Xuesen had a successful career in the USA, but when he heard about the founding of the People’s Republic of China, he decided to go back 72 wanted to help his country himself. However, the USA refused to let him leave because he was a valuable scientist. Qian Xuesen did not give up. Finally, in 1955, he managed 73 (get) back to China. As soon as he returned, Qian Xuesen started a satellite and missile (导弹) programme. He worked day and night and 74 (he) hard work paid off. Five years later, he and his team 75 (success) tested the first Chinese missiles. In 1970, China sent the first satellite into space. This was the beginning 76 China’s space programme. A science centre in China 77 (build) with the help of Qian Xuesen as well. He trained many people there and they are now great rocket scientists themselves. The science centre has become one of the 78 (good) ones in the world. During his life, Qian Xuesen received a lot of 79 (award). In 1991, he received the award for National Outstanding Contributing Scientist. He 80 (die) in 2009. People always remember him as “the father of China’s missile and space programme”. Passage 9 The summer vacation is the best time for students to learn about heroes. I read a book about a great 81 (hero) — Florence Nightingale. She was 82 (bear) in 1820 in Italy. She 83 (study) nursing when she was young. At that time, nursing was not a popular job for women. But she 84 (become) a nurse anyway. During the Crimean War, she went to the front to 85 (help) wounded soldiers. She worked day and night to take care of them. She also 86 (improve) the hospital conditions, making them cleaner and safer. Because of her hard work, many soldiers 87 (survive). She became 88 (famous) all over the world. People called her “The Lady with the Lamp”. She 89 (die) in 1910, but people still 90 (remember) her today. She is a hero because she cared about others and made a great difference to the world. Passage 10 Yang Zhenning was born in Hefei, Anhui Province, China on September 22, 1922. He is one of the most famous physicists in the world. He is also the 91 (one) Nobel laureate in China. Unluckily, the great physicist passed away in Beijing at the age of 103. Yang Zhenning was 92 (talent) in science when he was young. He studied at Southwest Associated University in Kunming during the difficult war time. After finishing his study, he got a chance 93 (study) in the United States. There, he worked hard and made great achievements in physics. One of his most important contributions 94 (be) the Yang-Mills theory. This theory has a deep influence on modern physics. It helps 95 (scientist) better understand the basic forces and particles in the universe. Yang Zhenning’s work not only made 96 (he) win the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957, but also be respected in the international science world. In his later years, Yang Zhenning came back to China. He 97 (want) to do something for the development of science and education in his motherland. He worked hard to set up and develop the Institute for Advanced Study when he taught at Tsinghua University. This had a big influence on 98 (China) higher education. He also pushed international science exchanges and helped China have a louder voice in the world’s science field 99 (active). Yang Zhenning’s life is a great example of how 100 (get) great success through hard work and love for science. His story encourages young people around the world to follow their dreams in science. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 语法填空专项练习 2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册（教师版） Passage 1 Yuan Longping was a great Chinese scientist. He 1 (be) born in 1930. He spent his whole life 2 (research) hybrid rice. His work helped solve the food problem for millions of people around the world. In the 1960s, China 3 (face) a serious food shortage. Yuan Longping decided 4 (develop) a new kind of rice that could produce more food. He did thousands of 5 (experiment) and failed many times. But he 6 (never) gave up. Finally, in 1973, he 7 (success) in developing hybrid rice. This rice could produce 20% more than common rice. Yuan Longping 8 (call) the “Father of Hybrid Rice” by people all over the world. Yuan Longping passed away in 2021. But his spirit 9 (live) on. We should learn from him and do our best 10 (help) others. 【答案】 1．was 2．researching 3．faced 4．to develop 5．experiments 6．never 7．succeeded 8．was called 9．lives 10．to help 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了科学家袁隆平的生平、研究杂交水稻的事迹与精神。 【详解】1．句意：他出生于1930年。be born固定搭配，意为“出生”，出生发生在过去，用一般过去时，主语he是第三人称单数，be动词用was。 2．句意：他花费毕生的时间研究杂交水稻。research意为“研究”，是动词，此处固定句型spend time (in) doing sth.，意为“花费多长时间做某事”，in可省略，所以，此处用research的动名词形式researching。 3．句意：在20世纪60年代，中国面临严重的粮食短缺。face意为“面临”，是动词，根据时间状语in the 1960s可知，句子是一般过去时，动词要用过去式，face的过去式faced。 4．句意：袁隆平决定培育一种能够产出更多粮食的新型水稻。develop意为“培育”，是动词，decide to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”，因此，此处用develop的不定式to develop作宾语。   5．句意：他做了成千上万次实验，失败了很多次。experiment意为“实验”，是可数名词，thousands of意为“成千上万的”，其后接可数名词复数，experiment的复数形式是experiments。 6．句意：但是他从不放弃。never意为“从不”，是副词，此处修饰动词短语gave up。 7．句意：终于在1973年，他成功研发出杂交水稻。success意为“成功”，是名词；本句缺少谓语动词，success的动词形式是succeed，意为“成功”，根据“in 1973”可知，句子为一般过去时，动词要用过去式，succeed的过去式是succeeded，succeed in doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“成功做某事”。 8．句意：袁隆平被全世界人民称为“杂交水稻之父”。call意为“称呼”，根据by people“被人们”可知，call和主语Yuan Longping之间是被动关系，句子用被动语态，“杂交水稻之父”的称号是过去获得的，句子是一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是“was/were +动词的过去分词”，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was，call过去分词是called。 9．句意：但是他的精神永存。live on意为“继续存在”，live是动词，精神永存是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语spirit是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，live的第三人称单数形式是lives。 10．句意：我们应该向他学习，尽我们最大努力去帮助别人。help意为“帮助”，是动词，do one’s best to do sth.是固定短语，意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，因此，此处用动词不定式to help，作目的状语。 Passage 2 Last week, our class had a discussion about heroes. Everyone shared their ideas. Li Wei said his hero was his PE teacher. “He is very strong and brave,” he said. “Once he saved a boy from a river. He 11 (show) us what courage is.” Wang Mei talked about a famous singer. “She 12 (donate) a lot of money to help poor children. She is not only a great singer but also a kind 13 (person).” Zhang Hong chose Zhong Nanshan. “He is a great doctor. During the pandemic, he 14 (work) hard to help people. He is a real hero in my heart.” Our teacher told us that heroes are not only famous people. “Everyone can be a hero. If you help others, work hard 15 never give up, you are a hero too,” she said. I think heroes are people who make a difference 16 our lives. They teach us to be kind, brave and responsible. We should learn 17 them and try to be like them. What 18 (be) your idea of a hero? Share it with your friends. It will help you understand the meaning of 19 (hero) better. And remember, even small acts of kindness can make you 20 hero in someone’s eyes. 【答案】 11．showed 12．donates 13．person 14．worked 15．and 16．to 17．from 18．is 19．heroes 20．a 【导语】本文记述班级开展关于英雄的讨论，同学们分享各自心中的英雄，老师点明人人皆可成为英雄，启发读者理解英雄的内涵。 【详解】11．句意：他向我们展现了什么是勇气。根据前文“Once he saved a boy from a river.”可知，此处陈述过去发生的事件，时态为一般过去时，动词show需变为过去式showed。 12．句意：她捐赠大量钱财帮助贫困儿童。本句陈述这位歌手长期持续的善举，用一般现在时；主语“She”为第三人称单数，谓语动词donate应用三单形式donates。 13．句意：她不仅是一名出色歌手，还是一位善良的人。空格前有不定冠词“a”，后接单数可数名词，person本身为名词单数形式，无需变形。 14．句意：疫情期间，他努力工作帮助人们。“During the pandemic”为过去时间段，描述过去发生的动作，使用一般过去时，谓语动词work应用过去式worked。 15．句意：如果你乐于助人、勤奋努力且永不放弃，你也是英雄。空格前后 “help others, work hard”与“never give up”为并列成分，需用并列连词and连接。 16．句意：我认为英雄是那些对我们生活产生影响的人。固定搭配make a difference to表示“对……产生影响”，应用介词to。 17．句意：我们应当向他们学习，努力成为像他们一样的人。固定搭配learn from sb.表示“向某人学习”，应用介词from。 18．句意：你心中英雄是什么样子？主语“your idea”为单数，本句为一般现在时，be动词用is。 19．句意：这会帮助你更好理解英雄的含义。此处泛指“英雄”这一类概念，用复数形式heroes。 20．句意：记住，小小的善举也能让你在别人眼中成为一名英雄。hero是以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词，表泛指用不定冠词a。 Passage 3 Zhang Guimei is a true hero in the hearts of many Chinese people. She is a teacher 21 (devote) her life to education in the mountainous areas of Yunnan Province. Zhang was born in 1957. She 22 (lose) her parents at a young age and had a difficult childhood. However, these experiences didn’t stop her from 23 (help) others. In 2008, she founded the first free high school for girls 24 is located in Huaping County. Since then, she has helped over 2,000 girls from poor families 25 (realise) their dreams of going to college. Every morning, Zhang wakes up at 5 a.m. and uses a loudspeaker 26 (wake) the students up. She walks through the school with a flashlight, checking every classroom. Her health is not good, and she suffers from more than 20 27 (illness). But she never thinks about 28 (she). “I am not just a headmaster. I am a mother to these children,” she says. The girls 29 she has helped now work in different fields across the country. They are all grateful to “Mother Zhang”. Her story shows us that a true hero is someone 30 never gives up and always thinks of others first. 【答案】 21．devoting 22．lost 23．helping 24．that 25．realise/to realise 26．to wake 27．illnesses 28．herself 29．whom/who/that 30．who 【导语】本文讲述了张桂梅致力于云南山区教育，创办免费女子高中，帮助贫困女孩实现梦想的感人事迹。 【详解】21．句意：她是一名将毕生奉献给云南山区教育事业的教师。teacher与devote之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，填devoting。 22．句意：她年幼时失去了父母，童年艰难。根据“at a young age”可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式lost。 23．句意：然而，这些经历并没有阻止她帮助他人。介词from后接动名词作宾语，填helping。 24．句意：2008年，她创办了第一所位于华坪县的免费女子高中。先行词“the first free high school”有序数词“first”修饰，定语从句的关系代词只能用that。 25．句意：从那以后，她帮助了2000多名贫困女孩实现上大学的梦想。help sb (to) do sth为固定搭配，意为“帮助某人做某事”，填realise/to realise。 26．句意：每天早上，张5点起床，用扩音器叫醒学生。此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，填to wake。 27．句意：她的身体不好，患有20多种疾病。空前有数字20，空处应用名词复数形式，填illnesses。 28．句意：但她从来没有考虑过自己。主语是she，宾语指代主语本身，应用反身代词，she的反身代词是herself。 29．句意：她帮助过的女孩们现在在全国各地不同的领域工作。先行词是The girls，指人，从句中helped缺宾语，因此可用who/whom/that引导定语从句。 30．句意：她的故事告诉我们，真正的英雄是永不放弃、总是先为他人着想的人。先行词是不定代词someone，指人，此时关系代词只能用who。 Passage 4     Marie is a famous woman in the world. She 31 (make) a lot of important contributions (贡献) to the development of humans. She was born in Poland 32 (介词) 1867. Her father worked 33 (介词) a middle school headmaster and taught math and physics, so she enjoyed and did well in these 34 (subject) at school. Marie went to study in Paris University in 1891. She studied math and physics there and met a scientist 35 (call) Pierre Curie. They got married in 1895. From then on, she was called Madame Curie. Together, Pierre and Marie discovered radium (镭).     In 1903, Marie became the 36 (one) woman to win the Nobel Prize. Then, in 1904, Pierre became a member of the “Academie Francaise” (法兰西学院). But Marie was not accepted by 37 (they) because women were not allowed to become members at that time. In 1906, Pierre died in 38 (冠词) accident, but Marie went on 39 (work) until she died in 1934.     Madame Curie is our hero. Not only did she discover radium but also won the Nobel Prize 40 (two) in her lifetime. 【答案】 31．made 32．in 33．as 34．subjects 35．called 36．first 37．them 38．an 39．working 40．twice 【导语】本文介绍了著名科学家居里夫人（Marie Curie）的生平与成就。她出生于波兰，在巴黎大学学习物理和数学，与皮埃尔·居里结婚并共同发现镭。她于1903年成为首位获得诺贝尔奖的女性，丈夫去世后继续从事科学研究，一生中两次获得诺贝尔奖，是人类的英雄。 【详解】31．句意：她为人类的发展做出了许多重要贡献。描述过去的事实（was born提示过去时），make的过去式是made。 32．句意：她于1867年出生在波兰。表示年份前用介词in，in 1867意为“在1867年”。 33．句意：她的父亲担任中学校长，教授数学和物理，所以她在学校里喜欢这些学科，并且学得很好。表示“作为”，用介词as。固定搭配worked as意为“担任……工作”。 34．句意：她的父亲担任中学校长，教授数学和物理，所以她在学校里喜欢这些学科，并且学得很好。subject是可数名词，前面有these修饰，用复数形式subjects。 35．句意：她在那里学习数学和物理，并遇到了一位名叫皮埃尔·居里的科学家。此处用过去分词短语作定语修饰scientist，called意为“名叫……的”。 36．句意：1903年，玛丽成为第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性。定冠词the后接序数词，表示“第一位”，用序数词first。 37．句意：但玛丽没有被他们接纳，因为那时女性不被允许成为会员。介词by后面接人称代词作宾语时用宾格，they的宾格是them。 38．句意：1906年，皮埃尔在一次事故中去世，但玛丽继续工作，直到1934年去世。accident是以元音音素/æ/开头的可数名词单数，表示“一次事故”用不定冠词an。 39．句意：1906年，皮埃尔在一次事故中去世，但玛丽继续工作，直到1934年去世。go on doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“继续做某事”，work的动名词是working。 40．句意：她不仅发现了镭，而且在有生之年两次获得了诺贝尔奖。表示“两次”，用two对应的副词形式twice。 Passage 5 Every community has its heroes. Some are famous, 41 others are ordinary people who do extraordinary things. My local hero is Mr Zhang, a retired 42 (teach) in my village. Mr Zhang taught at our village school 43 over 40 years. He was so 44 (dedicate) that he often stayed after school to help students 45 were struggling. He bought books and 46 (supply) for poor students with his own money. 47 many of his students have become successful, they still remember him with great respect. Mr Zhang is 48 (true) a local hero. He is a person 49 changed the lives of many children. His example continues to encourage young people to 50 (follow) in his footsteps. 【答案】 41．while/but 42．teacher 43．for 44．dedicated 45．who/that 46．supplies 47．Although/Though 48．truly 49．who/that 50．follow 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者所在村庄的退休教师张先生作为当地英雄的事迹，他数十年如一日投身乡村教育、帮助困难学生，深刻影响了众多孩子的人生。 【详解】41．句意：一些人是名人，而另一些是做出非凡事迹的普通人。前后分句是转折关系/对比关系，用but/while连接，均符合语境。 42．句意：我们村的英雄是张先生，他是我们村的一位退休教师。空前有不定冠词a修饰，此处要把动词teach变为表示职业的名词teacher。 43．句意：张先生在我们村的学校教了40多年书。“for+时间段”是固定用法，用来表示动作持续的时长。 44．句意：他如此尽职，以至于经常放学后留下来帮助有困难的学生。此处位于系动词was后作表语，要把动词dedicate变为形容词dedicated，意为“敬业的、尽职的”。 45．句意：他如此尽职，以至于经常放学后留下来帮助有困难的学生。先行词是students，指人，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，可用who或者that引导。 46．句意：他用自己的钱为贫困学生买书本和学习用品。and连接并列的名词，和books对应，此处supply变为复数形式supplies，意为“日用品、补给品”。 47．句意：尽管他的很多学生已经功成名就，他们仍然怀着极大的敬意铭记他。前后分句是让步关系，用Although/Though引导让步状语从句。 48．句意：张先生确实是一位当地的英雄。此处修饰整个句子，要把形容词true变为副词truly，作状语。 49．句意：他是一个改变了许多孩子人生的人。先行词是a person，指人，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，可用who或者that引导。 50．句意：他的事迹依然激励年轻人追随他的脚步。固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.“激励某人去做某事”，此处to后接动词原形。 Passage 6 Heroes come in many forms. Some are famous, while 51 are ordinary people who do extraordinary things. One such hero is my grandmother, 52 lived through the war and helped many people survive. When I was young, I only knew her 53 a kind old lady who made delicious food. But 54 I grew older, I learned about her past. During the war, she 55 (hide) wounded soldiers in her home and gave them food and medicine. She did this 56 the risk of her own life. She never talked about these 57 (thing) because she was a modest person. But her actions have left a deep 58 (impress) on me. She taught me that a hero is not someone 59 seeks fame, but someone who helps others when 60 is needed most. 【答案】 51．others 52．who 53．as 54．as/when 55．hid 56．at 57．things 58．impression 59．who 60．it 【导语】本文讲述祖母这位平凡英雄在战争中救助伤员的故事，阐释英雄不必追逐名望，危难时刻助人就是英雄。 【详解】51．句意：英雄有很多种。一些人声名远扬，另一些是做出非凡事迹的普通人。固定搭配some…others…，意为“一些……另一些……”。 52．句意：我的祖母就是这样一位英雄，她经历过战争并帮助很多人活了下来。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词my grandmother指人，从句缺少主语，用关系代词who。 53．句意：小时候，我只知道她是一位会做美味食物的善良老太太。固定搭配know sb. as…，表示“知晓某人是……”。 54．句意：但随着我慢慢长大，我了解到了她的过往。此处需要引导时间状语从句，when侧重“在某个时间节点”，as侧重“伴随着成长这个渐进过程”，as与when两者均可引导时间状语从句，语法、语义都成立。 55．句意：战争期间，她把受伤士兵藏在家中，供给他们食物和药品。动作发生在过去战争时期，使用一般过去时，hide的过去式为hid。 56．句意：她冒着生命危险做这件事。固定短语at the risk of，表示 “冒着……的危险”。 57．句意：她从不提起这些事，因为她为人谦逊。these后接可数名词复数，thing复数形式为things。 58．句意：但她的行为给我留下了深刻的印象。固定搭配leave a deep impression on sb.，表示“给某人留下深刻印象”，需要使用impress的名词形式impression。 59．句意：她教会我，英雄不是追逐名望的人，而是在最需要援助之时伸出援手的人。定语从句先行词someone指人，从句缺少主语，用关系代词who。 60．句意：她教会我，英雄不是追逐名望的人，而是在最需要援助之时伸出援手的人。when引导状语从句，从句缺少主语；it指代前文的援助他人这件事。 Passage 7 Do you know the story of the soldiers 61 fought in the Battle of Changjin Lake? This battle took place 62 the Korean War. The temperature was so low that it dropped 63 -40°C． The soldiers, 64 were poorly equipped, had to fight in the freezing cold. Many soldiers 65 (lose) their lives in the battle. Some died from the cold, while others 66 (fall) in the fighting. But they never gave up. They stayed at their 67 (post) and defended their positions. Those 68 survived continued to fight bravely. Today, we remember these soldiers 69 great respect. They are heroes 70 gave everything for their country. Their stories inspire us to be brave and selfless. 【答案】 61．who/that 62．in 63．to 64．who 65．lost 66．fell 67．posts 68．who 69．with 70．who/that 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了长津湖战役战士们在极寒、装备匮乏的条件下浴血牺牲、坚守阵地的事迹，表达我们满怀敬意缅怀这些为国奉献的英雄。 【详解】61．句意：你知道那些在长津湖战役中奋勇作战的战士们的故事吗？本句是定语从句，先行词“soldiers”指代人，在句中作主语，需用who/that。 62．句意：这场战役发生在朝鲜战争期间。固定搭配：in+战争名称，表示“在某场战争中”，需用in。 63．句意：气温极低，下降到了零下40摄氏度。固定搭配：drop to+具体数字，表示“下降至某个数值”，需用to。 64．句意：这些装备十分简陋的战士，不得不在刺骨的严寒中作战。逗号隔开的非限制性定语从句，用来补充说明士兵的状态，先行词“the soldiers”指人，从句缺少主语，非限制性定语从句中，指代人作主语需用who。 65．句意：许多战士在这场战役中牺牲了。全文讲述长津湖战役，是过去发生的历史事件，时态为一般过去时。固定短语：lose one’s lives表示“牺牲、丧命”，lose表示“失去”，是动词原形，过去式为“lost”，需用lost。 66．句意：一部分战士冻死了，还有一部分在战斗中阵亡。while引导并列对比句，前半句动词“died”为过去式，后半句时态保持一般过去时。fall此处特指“阵亡、倒下”，其过去式为“fell”，需用fell。 67．句意：他们坚守各自的岗位，守卫阵地。固定搭配：stay at one’s post表示“坚守岗位”。主语they指代多名战士，每个人对应各自岗位，不止一个岗位，需用复数名词posts。 68．句意：那些幸存下来的战士继续奋勇作战。先行词“those”，此处指代前文的“soldiers”，先行词为“those”指代人时，定语从句关系代词只能用who。 69．句意：如今，我们怀着崇高的敬意缅怀这些战士。固定搭配：with great respect“满怀敬意”，with+抽象名词作伴随状语，故填with。 70．句意：他们是为祖国奉献了一切的英雄。限制性定语从句中，指人作主语，who和that均可通用。 Passage 8 On 7th September, 1950, some American officers arrived at Qian Xuesen’s home. They took him to 71 island and kept him there. They did this because Qian Xuesen was planning to return to China. Qian Xuesen had a successful career in the USA, but when he heard about the founding of the People’s Republic of China, he decided to go back 72 wanted to help his country himself. However, the USA refused to let him leave because he was a valuable scientist. Qian Xuesen did not give up. Finally, in 1955, he managed 73 (get) back to China. As soon as he returned, Qian Xuesen started a satellite and missile (导弹) programme. He worked day and night and 74 (he) hard work paid off. Five years later, he and his team 75 (success) tested the first Chinese missiles. In 1970, China sent the first satellite into space. This was the beginning 76 China’s space programme. A science centre in China 77 (build) with the help of Qian Xuesen as well. He trained many people there and they are now great rocket scientists themselves. The science centre has become one of the 78 (good) ones in the world. During his life, Qian Xuesen received a lot of 79 (award). In 1991, he received the award for National Outstanding Contributing Scientist. He 80 (die) in 2009. People always remember him as “the father of China’s missile and space programme”. 【答案】 71．an 72．and 73．to get 74．his 75．successfully 76．of 77．was built 78．best 79．awards 80．died 【导语】本文主要讲述了钱学森先生的归国经历，以及他为中国导弹与航天事业作出的卓越贡献，表达了对这位“中国导弹航天之父”的缅怀与敬意。 【详解】71．句意：他们把他带到一座岛上，把他关押在那里。此处泛指“一座岛屿”，island的发音以元音音素开头，要使用不定冠词an修饰。 72．句意：钱学森在美国事业有成，但当他得知中华人民共和国成立的消息后，他决定回国，想要亲自为祖国提供帮助。空格前后“他决定回国”和“想要亲自帮助自己的国家”是并列顺承的关系，需要用并列连词and连接。 73．句意：最终，在1955年，他成功回到了中国。manage to do sth.“设法做到某事”，是固定搭配，空处需要使用动词不定式to get。 74．句意：他夜以继日地工作，他的辛勤付出得到了回报。此处修饰名词“hard work”，需要使用形容词性物主代词，he对应的形容词性物主代词是his。 75．句意：五年后，他和他的团队成功试射了中国首批导弹。此处修饰动词tested，需要使用副词作状语，success对应的副词形式是successfully。 76．句意：这是中国太空项目的开端。此处是固定搭配the beginning of...，意为“……的开端”。 77．句意：中国的一所科学中心也是在钱学森的协助下建成的。主语“A science centre”和动词“build”之间是被动关系，且事件发生在过去，要使用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were done”，主语是单数，be动词用was，build的过去分词是built。 78．句意：这个科学中心已经成为世界上最顶尖的科学中心之一。此处是固定结构“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，意为“最……之一”，good的最高级形式是best。 79．句意：在钱学森的一生中，他获得了很多奖项。a lot of后面接可数名词时需要使用复数形式，award是可数名词，复数形式为awards。 80．句意：他于2009年逝世。时间状语in 2009是明确的过去时间，句子要使用一般过去时，die的过去式是died。 Passage 9 The summer vacation is the best time for students to learn about heroes. I read a book about a great 81 (hero) — Florence Nightingale. She was 82 (bear) in 1820 in Italy. She 83 (study) nursing when she was young. At that time, nursing was not a popular job for women. But she 84 (become) a nurse anyway. During the Crimean War, she went to the front to 85 (help) wounded soldiers. She worked day and night to take care of them. She also 86 (improve) the hospital conditions, making them cleaner and safer. Because of her hard work, many soldiers 87 (survive). She became 88 (famous) all over the world. People called her “The Lady with the Lamp”. She 89 (die) in 1910, but people still 90 (remember) her today. She is a hero because she cared about others and made a great difference to the world. 【答案】 81．hero 82．born 83．studied 84．became 85．help 86．improved 87．survived 88．famous 89．died 90．remember 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔的生平事迹，讲述她投身护理事业、救助伤员的故事。   【详解】81．句意：我读了一本关于伟大英雄——弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔的书。不定冠词a后接单数名词hero。 82． 句意：她于1820年出生在意大利。固定搭配be born表示“出生”。 83． 句意：她年轻时学习护理。根据时间状语when she was young可知时态为一般过去时，study的过去式为studied。 84．句意：但她还是成为了一名护士。全文叙述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，become的过去式为became。   85．句意：克里米亚战争期间，她奔赴前线救助受伤士兵。不定式to do在此处作目的状语，故填help。 86．句意：她还改善了医院环境，让环境更干净、更安全。故事发生在过去，采用一般过去时，improve的过去式为improved。 87．句意：由于她的辛勤付出，许多士兵活了下来。本段描述战争时期的往事，使用一般过去时，survive的过去式为survived。 88．句意：她举世闻名。系动词became后接形容词作表语，故填famous。 89．句意：她于1910年离世。“在1910年去世”是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，die的过去式为died。 90． 句意：但是如今人们依然记得她。根据时间状语today可知时态为一般现在时，主语people为复数，动词使用原形remember。 Passage 10 Yang Zhenning was born in Hefei, Anhui Province, China on September 22, 1922. He is one of the most famous physicists in the world. He is also the 91 (one) Nobel laureate in China. Unluckily, the great physicist passed away in Beijing at the age of 103. Yang Zhenning was 92 (talent) in science when he was young. He studied at Southwest Associated University in Kunming during the difficult war time. After finishing his study, he got a chance 93 (study) in the United States. There, he worked hard and made great achievements in physics. One of his most important contributions 94 (be) the Yang-Mills theory. This theory has a deep influence on modern physics. It helps 95 (scientist) better understand the basic forces and particles in the universe. Yang Zhenning’s work not only made 96 (he) win the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957, but also be respected in the international science world. In his later years, Yang Zhenning came back to China. He 97 (want) to do something for the development of science and education in his motherland. He worked hard to set up and develop the Institute for Advanced Study when he taught at Tsinghua University. This had a big influence on 98 (China) higher education. He also pushed international science exchanges and helped China have a louder voice in the world’s science field 99 (active). Yang Zhenning’s life is a great example of how 100 (get) great success through hard work and love for science. His story encourages young people around the world to follow their dreams in science. 【答案】 91．first 92．talented 93．to study 94．is 95．scientists 96．him 97．wanted 98． Chinese 99．actively 100．to get 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了著名物理学家杨振宁的生平事迹、在物理学领域的杰出贡献以及晚年回国后对中国科学和教育事业的推动作用。 【详解】91．句意：他也是中国第一位诺贝尔奖获得者。根据空前的定冠词“the”可知，此处应填序数词表示“第一”，one的序数词为first。 92．句意：杨振宁年轻时在科学方面很有天赋。空处在系动词was之后作表语，应使用形容词。talent的形容词形式为talented，be talented in...意为“在……方面有天赋”。 93．句意：完成学业后，他得到了一个去美国学习的机会。chance意为“机会”，常接动词不定式作后置定语，即a chance to do sth.，表示“做某事的机会”，故填to study。 94．句意：他最重要的贡献之一是杨-米尔斯理论。主语“One of his most important contributions”的中心词是“One”，谓语动词需用单数形式。此处陈述的是一个客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填is。 95．句意：它帮助科学家们更好地理解宇宙中的基本力和粒子。scientist为可数名词，此处泛指“科学家们”，且前面没有限定词，应用复数形式scientists。 96．句意：杨振宁的工作不仅使他赢得了1957年的诺贝尔物理学奖，而且使他在国际科学界受到尊重。空处在动词made之后作宾语，应用代词的宾格形式，he的宾格是him。 97．句意：他想为祖国的科学和教育发展做些事情。根据前一句“Yang Zhenning came back to China.”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，want的过去式为wanted。 98．句意：这对中国的高等教育产生了很大的影响。空处修饰后面的名词短语“higher education”，应用形容词形式，China的形容词是Chinese，意为“中国的”。 99．句意：他还积极推动国际科学交流，帮助中国在世界科学领域拥有更大的发言权。空处修饰前面的动词pushed和helped，应用副词形式作状语，active的副词是actively。 100．句意：杨振宁的一生是通过努力工作和对科学的热爱来获得巨大成功的一个伟大榜样。此处为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，how to get意为“如何获得”，作介词of的宾语，故填to get。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $