Unit 3 Getting along with others 多角度词汇检测 -2026-2027学年第一学期高中英语译林版必修第一册

**基本信息** 以“与人相处”主题为核心，通过原创题型构建从词汇基础应用到语法综合输出的渐进式训练体系，融合语言能力与思维品质培养。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇应用|一至三（短文/句子填空）|语境化词汇检测，覆盖单元核心单词短语|从听力输入到语境输出，强化主题词汇在真实情境中的运用| |词汇深化|四至五（词性转换/形式填空）|词形变化及语法搭配专项训练|构建“形容词-副词-名词”词性网络，夯实语法基础| |思维拓展|六至八（改错/类比/谜语）|易错点辨析与逻辑推理结合|通过类比、谜语提升词汇联想与批判性思维| |语法综合|九至十（定语从句识别/翻译）|语法规则在语篇中的应用|以主题语境为载体，实现词汇与语法的融合输出| |听力理解|十一（对话选择）|真实交际场景听力训练|提升信息获取与情感理解的语言能力|

Unit 3 Getting along with others多角度词汇检测 英语译林版必修第一册 （原卷版） 题型预览 时间：约40分钟 难度 命题方式 一、听录音，用本单元所学单词或短语完成短文。 ★★ 原创 二、根据所给语境，用本单元所学单词完成句子。 ★★ 原创 三、根据所给语境，用本单元所学短语完成句子。 ★★ 原创 四、词性转换：根据要求写出相应的单词。 ★★★ 原创 五、用所给词的正确形式填空，每空一词。 ★★★ 原创 六、单句改错：易用错单词、短语专练。 ★★★★ 原创 七、用本单元所学单词，完成以下类比练习。 ★★★★ 原创 八、读谜语，猜单词，将答案写在横线上。 ★★★ 原创 九、语境学语法：找出关系代词引导的定语从句。 ★★★ 原创 十、汉译英：用本单元所学的定语从句翻译句子。 ★★★★ 原创 十一、听对话，选出正确答案。 ★★★★ 原创 🎧 一、听录音，用本单元所学单词或短语完成短文。✍️（原创） A Painful Lesson in Kindness Last week, I met an _________ situation in a _______. My friend Lily _________ from a ________ of confidence after her _________ in a speech contest. To _________ her, I _________ her true feelings and _________ with _________ but _________ advice: “Just _________ quickly and _________ more practice. It’s not a big deal.” She_________ for her _________—she stood up and left without finishing her drink. Later, I _________ my mistake. I had _________ her need: she wanted _________ and sympathy, not solutions. I _________ myself to be a careless friend. That evening, I _________ her again. I gave a _________ apology and admitted my words were  _________ wrong. She accepted it with _________ kindness. At that _________, I felt real_________—not because I fixed her problem, but because I finally offered true _________. This experience became the _________ for my new _________ on friendship: _________, listening is more important than advising. I now _________ every word with _________ care. _________, true comfort is not about _________ from difficult talks, but about _________ on our own _________. I _________ Lily’s honesty in teaching me that lesson. 二、根据所给首字母，用本单元所学单词完成句子。（原创） 1. After losing his job, Tom felt so a__________ that he didn't even want to talk to anyone. His confidence was being eaten away at by repeated failures. 2. The two friends had a h__________ argument and didn't speak to each other for a week. Their relationship was clearly on the rocks. 3. My grandfather is a famous p__________ who has written over 100 poems about nature. In my opinion, he deserves more recognition. 4. She decided to c__________ her old classmate through email to invite him to the party. She counted on him to bring some original ideas. 5. The teacher asked us to r__________ on the main character's feelings in the novel. Through careful reflection, we finally understood the theme of the story. 6. His rude b__________ made everyone at the table feel uncomfortable. He was clearly in the wrong, but he refused to apologize. 7. I didn't mean to i__________ your advice—I was just too busy to follow it. In any case, I truly value your opinion. 8. The young man tried to e__________ from the burning building through the back door. He sought every possible way to get over his fear. 9. We need to m__________ the success of our project by looking at the final results. Hard work always brings out the best quality in a team. 10. She a__________ her mother's courage and kindness more than anyone else. These qualities have been the basis of her mother's success in life. 三、根据所给语境，用本单元所学短语完成句子。（原创） 1. My parents' marriage has been __________ for months. They argue about everything, and I'm really worried that this situation will eat away at their love completely. 2. Don't let that little disagreement __________ you __________ your best friend. True friendship is worth protecting, and you should let go of your pride to smooth out the conflict. 3. When I first moved to this city, I felt completely __________ and didn't know where to start looking for a job. Even my social media friends couldn't comfort me at that moment. 4. You can always __________ me when you need help. I'll be there for you __________, no matter what happens. As the high point of our friendship, we've always benefited from each other's support. 5. The young couple decided to __________ their past misunderstandings and start a new relationship with honest communication. They realized that holding onto anger would only come between them and destroy their future happiness. 6. Constant worry about money is __________ his health. He needs to learn to relax and seek professional help if necessary. 7. After months of online communication, they finally decided to meet __________ to discuss the project face to face. They believed that in-person communication was more efficient than emails. 8. I failed my driving test twice, but I'm determined to __________ this difficulty and try a third time. My father told me that failure is meant to test our courage, not defeat us. 9. The new manager has __________ a more positive attitude since she took over the department. Her leadership has brought out the best in every team member in full measure. 10. __________, a person's true character is shown not in times of success but in moments of failure. I strongly believe that and I've seen this in full measure in my own life. 四、词性转换：根据要求写出相应的单词。（原创） 1. awkward adj. 笨拙的；令人尴尬的 → ______ adv. 笨拙地 → ______ n. 笨拙，尴尬 2. original adj. 起初的；独创的 → ______ adv. 独创地 → ______ n. 独创性 3. horrible adj. 令人震惊的；极坏的 → ______ adv. 令人震惊地→ ______ n 恐怖 4. recover v. 恢复；重新获得 → ______ n. 恢复，追回 5. respond v. 回答；作出反应 → ______ n. 回答，反应 → ______ adj. 反应迅速的 6. judge v. 评价；判断 n. 法官 → ______ n. 判断力 7. apologize v. 道歉 → ______ n. 道歉 8. generous adj. 宽宏大量的；慷慨的 → ______ adv. 慷慨地 → ______ n. 慷慨 9. shallow adj. 肤浅的；浅的 → ______ adv. 肤浅地 → ______ n. 肤浅 10. efficient adj. 效率高的 → ______ adv. 高效率地 → ______ n. 效率 五、用所给词的正确形式填空，每空一词。（原创） 1. The __________ atmosphere made everyone feel uneasy, and he __________ walked away to avoid eye contact. His social __________ often prevents him from making friends easily. (awkward) 2. The artist’s __________ idea was widely praised, but few people recognized its __________. He came up with this solution __________ when others failed. (original) 3. The __________ accident left the whole town in horror. The scene was __________ described by the reporters. (horror) 4. After a long illness, he is slowly __________ his strength. His doctor says the __________ process may take several months. (recover) 5. When I asked about the delay, he gave no __________. His attitude was not __________ at all, which made me even more annoyed. (respond) 6. As a fair __________, she always exercises good __________ when making decisions. She is known for her wise __________ in court. (judge) 7. I must __________ for being late. Please accept my sincere __________. (apologize) 8. She __________ donated a large sum of money to the school. Her __________ is known to everyone in the community. (generous) 9. He only reads online headlines and never dives into details, so his understanding of the issue is rather __________. He spoke __________ without considering the facts. Such __________ often leads to misunderstandings. (shallow) 10. The new machine works much more __________ than the old one. Its high __________ has greatly reduced production costs. The manager praised the efficient design of the equipment. (efficient) 六、单句改错：易用错单词专练。（原创） 1. From the top of the mountain, we had a wonderful sight of the whole city. 2. Television and radio are important medium of spreading news. 3. His lose of confidence made him give up. 4. We should show aspect to our elders. 5. The quality of the products is not enough. We need more. 七、用本单元所学单词，完成以下类比练习。（原创） 1. Poet is to poem as blogger is to ______. 2. Café is to coffee as wine bar is to ______. 3. Loss is to suffer as comfort is to ______. 4. Shallow is to deep as awkward is to ______. 5. Original is to copy as theme is to ______. 八、读谜语，猜单词，将答案写在横线上。（原创） Riddle 1 I'm a place where people meet and talk, Over tea or coffee, they often walk. I serve hot drinks and sweet cakes too, A cozy corner for me and you. What am I? ( a noun in Unit 3) 谜底： Riddle 2 I'm a feeling that makes you want to hide, When you trip or fall, I'm by your side. Your face turns red, your heart beats fast, But don't worry—this moment won't last. What am I? ( a noun in Unit 3) 谜底： Riddle 3 I'm a person who writes with grace, With rhythm and rhyme, I find my place. I turn feelings into words so bright, And bring your emotions into light. What am I? ( a noun in Unit 3) 谜底： Riddle 4 I'm the way you act and what you do, The world can see me, and judge you too. I show your kindness or your pride, I'm always there, right by your side. When you say "please" or "thank you" bright, I show the world if you're wrong or right. What am I? ( a noun in Unit 3) 谜底： Riddle 5 I'm something you have when you work or try, I show if your product is good or poor. I'm not about how many you make, But how excellent you are for goodness' sake. What am I? ( a noun in Unit 3) 谜底： 九、语境学语法：找出关系代词引导的定语从句。（原创） A Friendship Tested and Renewed My best friend Lily whose advice I had once ignored finally repaired our friendship that had been on the rocks. The conflict started from a misunderstanding that caused us great loss and  awkward silence. I was clearly in the wrong but refused to contact her, a mistake which ate away at our trust. I felt at a loss and didn't know how to recover our bond. Then I recognized the real cause for which I later apologized in person. I wrote a frank email expressing my true feelings and  sought to smooth out the conflict. I also asked a friend who knew us both to deliver my message, a friend whom I trusted completely. To my surprise, she didn't respond immediately. But a week later, she generously replied with a message that filled me with joy. We met at a café which served great wine and had a thorough chat. That moment taught me a lesson which I will never forget. Now I measure every word with extra care. In my opinion, friends should count on each other and never let go of real connections, a belief that I will always hold. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 十、汉译英：用本单元所学的定语从句翻译句子。（原创） 1. 我喜欢那位写了很多诗的人。 2. 她找不到她丢失的那副眼镜。 3. 我们钦佩那些行为良好的人。 4. 他正在读一本主题是关于友谊的书。 5. 我认识那位正在和我哥哥聊天的女孩。 6. 她无法忘记她在那家咖啡馆度过的快乐时光。 7. 这就是那位我们刚才联系过的医生。 8. 我没有收到你昨天写的那封邮件。 9. 那些忽视健康建议的人可能会遭受损失。 10. 他买了一件质量很好的外套。 十一、听对话，选出正确答案。（原创） 1. What is Mike's problem? A. He lost his best friend. B. He feels guilty and helpless. C. He argued with Tom over the phone. 2. What does Amy advise Mike to do? A. Wait for Tom to calm down. B. Forget about the old conflict. C. Offer Tom a sincere apology. 3. What can we infer about Amy? A. She is a supportive friend. B. She hates making apologies. C. She once had a similar fight. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Getting along with others多角度词汇检测 英语译林版必修第一册 （解析版） 题型预览 时间：约40分钟 难度 命题方式 一、听录音，用本单元所学单词或短语完成短文。 ★★ 原创 二、根据所给语境，用本单元所学单词完成句子。 ★★ 原创 三、根据所给语境，用本单元所学短语完成句子。 ★★ 原创 四、词性转换：根据要求写出相应的单词。 ★★★ 原创 五、用所给词的正确形式填空，每空一词。 ★★★ 原创 六、单句改错：易用错单词、短语专练。 ★★★★ 原创 七、用本单元所学单词，完成以下类比练习。 ★★★★ 原创 八、读谜语，猜单词，将答案写在横线上。 ★★★ 原创 九、语境学语法：找出关系代词引导的定语从句。 ★★★ 原创 十、汉译英：用本单元所学的定语从句翻译句子。 ★★★★ 原创 十一、听对话，选出正确答案。 ★★★★ 原创 🎧 一、听录音，用本单元所学单词或短语完成短文。✍️（原创） A Painful Lesson in Kindness Last week, I met an awkward situation in a café. My friend Lily suffered from a loss of confidence after her failure in a speech contest. To comfort her, I ignored her true feelings and responded with well-meaning but shallow advice: “Just recover quickly and seek more practice. It’s not a big deal.” She apologized for her behavior—she stood up and left without finishing her drink. Later, I recognized my mistake. I had misunderstood her need: she wanted respect and sympathy, not solutions. I judged myself to be a careless friend. That evening, I contacted her again. I gave a frank apology and admitted my words were  thoroughly wrong. She accepted it with generous kindness. At that moment, I felt real joy—not because I fixed her problem, but because I finally offered true company. This experience became the basis for my new opinion on friendship: definitely, listening is more important than advising. I now measure every word with extra care. Indeed, true comfort is not about escape from difficult talks, but about reflection on our own behavior. I admire Lily’s honesty in teaching me that lesson. 二、根据所给首字母，用本单元所学单词完成句子。（原创） 1. After losing his job, Tom felt so a__________ that he didn't even want to talk to anyone. His confidence was being eaten away at by repeated failures. 2. The two friends had a h__________ argument and didn't speak to each other for a week. Their relationship was clearly on the rocks. 3. My grandfather is a famous p__________ who has written over 100 poems about nature. In my opinion, he deserves more recognition. 4. She decided to c__________ her old classmate through email to invite him to the party. She counted on him to bring some original ideas. 5. The teacher asked us to r__________ on the main character's feelings in the novel. Through careful reflection, we finally understood the theme of the story. 6. His rude b__________ made everyone at the table feel uncomfortable. He was clearly in the wrong, but he refused to apologize. 7. I didn't mean to i__________ your advice—I was just too busy to follow it. In any case, I truly value your opinion. 8. The young man tried to e__________ from the burning building through the back door. He sought every possible way to get over his fear. 9. We need to m__________ the success of our project by looking at the final results. Hard work always brings out the best quality in a team. 10. She a__________ her mother's courage and kindness more than anyone else. These qualities have been the basis of her mother's success in life. 参考答案： 1. awkward（笨拙的，令人尴尬的） 解析：前文"失业"和后文"不想跟任何人说话"都指向"尴尬/难堪"的心理状态。 译文： 失业后，汤姆感到如此羞愧，以至于他甚至不想和任何人说话。他的信心正被反复的失败逐渐侵蚀。 2. horrible（令人震惊的，极坏的） 解析："一周不说话"说明争吵程度严重，需要用"极坏的"来形容。 译文： 这两个朋友进行了一场激烈的争吵，然后一个星期没跟对方说话。他们的关系显然岌岌可危。 3. poet（诗人） 解析："写了100多首关于自然的诗"直接指向"诗人"这一职业。 译文： 我的祖父是一位著名的诗人，他已经写了 100 多首关于自然的诗。在我看来，他值得获得更多的认可。 4. contact（联系，联络） 解析：‘通过电子邮件’是联系方式，故填contact（联系/联络）。 译文： 她决定通过电子邮件联系她的老同学，邀请他参加派对。她指望他能带来一些新颖的想法。 5. reflect （反思） 解析：此处最符合"体会、反思"语境的是 reflect on。 译文： 老师要求我们反思（或体会）小说中主角的感受。通过仔细的反思，我们最终理解了故事的主题。 6. behavior（行为，举止） 解析："让所有人感到不舒服"的是他的"行为举止"。 译文： 他粗鲁的行为让餐桌上的每个人都感到不舒服。显然错在他，但他拒绝道歉。 7. ignore（忽视，不予理会） 解析：后文"只是太忙了没时间照做"说明并非故意，而是"忽视了"。 译文： 我不是故意忽视你的建议——我只是太忙了没顾上遵循它。无论如何，我真的很重视你的意见。 8. escape（逃跑，逃脱） 解析："着火的建筑"和"后门"构成"逃生"的完整语境。 译文： 这个年轻人试图从后门逃离着火的大楼。他寻求一切可能的方式来克服自己的恐惧。 9. measure（估量，判定，测量） 解析："通过看最终结果"来"衡量/判定"项目的成功程度。 译文： 我们需要通过查看最终结果来衡量我们项目的成功。努力的工作总能激发出团队最好的品质。 10. admires（钦佩，欣赏） 解析："母亲的勇气和善良"是值得"钦佩"的品质。 译文： 她比任何人都更钦佩母亲的勇气和善良。这些品质一直是她母亲一生成功的基础。 三、根据所给语境，用本单元所学短语完成句子。（原创） 1. My parents' marriage has been __________ for months. They argue about everything, and I'm really worried that this situation will eat away at their love completely. 正确答案： on the rocks 解析： on the rocks 意为"（关系）陷于困境，濒临崩溃"。后文"为所有事情争吵"和"侵蚀他们的爱"都说明关系已濒临破裂。 中文翻译： 我父母的婚姻已经濒临崩溃好几个月了。他们为所有事情争吵，我真的很担心这种情况会彻底侵蚀他们的爱。 2. Don't let that little disagreement __________ you __________ your best friend. True friendship is worth protecting, and you should let go of your pride to smooth out the conflict. 正确答案： come between; and 解析： come between...and... 意为"损害……之间的关系，离间"。前文"小分歧"和后文"真正的友谊值得保护"形成对比，说明不能让小事"离间"朋友关系。 中文翻译： 别让那点小分歧损害你和你最好的朋友之间的关系。真正的友谊值得保护，你应该放下自尊去化解冲突。 3. When I first moved to this city, I felt completely __________ and didn't know where to start looking for a job. Even my social media friends couldn't comfort me at that moment. 正确答案： at a loss 解析： at a loss 意为"不知所措，困惑"。后文"不知道从哪里开始找工作"直接解释了"不知所措"的状态。 中文翻译： 当我刚搬到这个城市时，我感到完全不知所措，不知道从哪里开始找工作。就连我社交媒体上的朋友在那个时刻也无法安慰我。 4. You can always __________ me when you need help. I'll be there for you __________, no matter what happens. As the high point of our friendship, we've always benefited from each other's support. 正确答案： count on; through thick and thin 解析： count on 意为"依赖，依靠，指望"；through thick and thin 意为"不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦"。前文"你需要帮助时"可以"依靠我"，后文"无论发生什么"强调"同甘共苦"的承诺。 中文翻译： 你需要帮助时永远可以指望我。无论发生什么，我都会和你同甘共苦。作为我们友谊中最美好的部分，我们一直从彼此的支持中获益。 5. The young couple decided to __________ their past misunderstandings and start a new relationship with honest communication. They realized that holding onto anger would only come between them and destroy their future happiness. 正确答案： let go of 解析： let go of 意为"放弃，摒弃；松手，放开"。后文"以诚实的沟通开始新关系"说明他们要"摒弃"过去的误解。 中文翻译： 这对年轻夫妇决定摒弃过去的误解，以诚实的沟通开始新的关系。他们意识到耿耿于怀只会损害他们的关系，破坏未来的幸福。 6. Constant worry about money is __________ his health. He needs to learn to relax and seek professional help if necessary. 正确答案： eating away at 解析： eat away at 意为"腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏"。后文"他需要学会放松"说明担忧正在"侵蚀"他的健康。 中文翻译： 对金钱的持续担忧正在侵蚀他的健康。他需要学会放松，必要时寻求专业帮助。 7. After months of online communication, they finally decided to meet __________ to discuss the project face to face. They believed that in-person communication was more efficient than emails. 正确答案： in person 解析： in person 意为"亲自，亲身"。前文"数月的线上沟通"与后文"面对面讨论"形成对比，"亲自"是唯一符合的短语。 中文翻译： 经过数月的线上沟通，他们终于决定亲自见面讨论这个项目。他们相信亲自沟通比邮件更高效。 8. I failed my driving test twice, but I'm determined to __________ this difficulty and try a third time. My father told me that failure is meant to test our courage, not defeat us. 正确答案： get over 解析： get over 意为"克服；恢复常态"。宾语是"困难"（difficulty），"克服困难"是固定搭配。 中文翻译： 我驾照考试失败了两次，但我决心克服这个困难，再试第三次。我父亲告诉我，失败注定是要考验我们的勇气，而不是打败我们。 9. The new manager has __________ a more positive attitude since she took over the department. Her leadership has brought out the best in every team member in full measure. 正确答案： taken on 解析： take on 意为"呈现，具有"。宾语是"更积极的态度"（a more positive attitude），"呈现出某种态度"是固定搭配。 中文翻译： 新经理自从接管这个部门以来呈现出了更积极的态度。她的领导力最大限度地激发了每个团队成员的最佳表现。 10. __________, a person's true character is shown not in times of success but in moments of failure. I strongly believe that and I've seen this in full measure in my own life. 正确答案： In my opinion 解析： in one's opinion 意为"在某人看来"。后文是说话人对"性格如何显现"的个人观点，句首需要引出主观看法。 中文翻译： 在我看来，一个人的真实品格不是在成功时显现，而是在失败的时刻。我坚信这一点，并且在我自己的生活中已经充分体会到了。 四、词性转换：根据要求写出相应的单词。（原创） 1. awkward adj. 笨拙的；令人尴尬的 → ______ adv. 笨拙地 → ______ n. 笨拙，尴尬 答案： awkwardly / awkwardness 2. original adj. 起初的；独创的 → ______ adv. 独创地 → ______ n. 独创性 答案： originally / originality 3. horrible adj. 令人震惊的；极坏的 → ______ adv. 令人震惊地→ ______ n 恐怖 答案： horribly/horror 4. recover v. 恢复；重新获得 → ______ n. 恢复，追回 答案： recovery 5. respond v. 回答；作出反应 → ______ n. 回答，反应 → ______ adj. 反应迅速的 答案： response / responsive 6. judge v. 评价；判断 n. 法官 → ______ n. 判断力 答案： judgment 7. apologize v. 道歉 → ______ n. 道歉 答案： apology 8. generous adj. 宽宏大量的；慷慨的 → ______ adv. 慷慨地 → ______ n. 慷慨 答案： generously / generosity 9. shallow adj. 肤浅的；浅的 → ______ adv. 肤浅地 → ______ n. 肤浅 答案： shallowly / shallowness 10. efficient adj. 效率高的 → ______ adv. 高效率地 → ______ n. 效率 答案： efficiently / efficiency 五、用所给词的正确形式填空，每空一词。（原创） 1. The __________ atmosphere made everyone feel uneasy, and he __________ walked away to avoid eye contact. His social __________ often prevents him from making friends easily. (awkward) 答案： awkward / awkwardly / awkwardness 解析： 第一个空填形容词 awkward（尴尬的），修饰 atmosphere；第二个空填副词 awkwardly（笨拙地/尴尬地），修饰 walked；第三个空填名词 awkwardness（笨拙，尴尬），作主语。 译文： 尴尬的气氛让每个人都感到不自在，他笨拙地走开以避免眼神接触。他的社交笨拙常常使他难以交到朋友。 2. The artist’s __________ idea was widely praised, but few people recognized its __________. He came up with this solution __________ when others failed. (original) 答案： original / originality / originally 解析： 第一个空填形容词 original（独创的），修饰 idea；第二个空填名词 originality（独创性），作宾语；第三个空填副词 originally（起初，最初），表示他最初提出方案的时间。 译文： 那位艺术家的独创想法广受赞誉，但很少有人认识到它的独创性。当其他人失败时，他最初提出了这个解决方案。 3. The __________ accident left the whole town in horror. The scene was __________ described by the reporters. (horror) 答案： horrible / horribly 解析： 第一个空填形容词 horrible（令人震惊的），修饰名词 accident；第二个空填副词 horribly（令人震惊地），修饰动词 described。 译文： 那场可怕的事故让整个小镇陷入恐怖之中。记者们令人震惊地描述了现场情景。 4. After a long illness, he is slowly __________ his strength. His doctor says the __________ process may take several months. (recover) 答案： recovering / recovery 解析： 第一个空填动词现在分词 recovering（恢复），与 is 构成现在进行时；第二个空填名词 recovery（恢复），修饰 process。 译文： 久病之后，他正在慢慢恢复体力。医生说他恢复的过程可能需要几个月。 5. When I asked about the delay, he gave no __________. His attitude was not __________ at all, which made me even more annoyed. (respond) 答案： response / responsive 解析： 第一个空填名词 response（回答，反应），作 gave 的宾语；第二个空填形容词 responsive（回应的，配合的），作 was not 的表语。 译文： 当我问及延误原因时，他没有给出任何回应。他的态度一点也不配合，这让我更加恼火。 6. As a fair __________, she always exercises good __________ when making decisions. She is known for her wise __________ in court. (judge) 答案： judge / judgment / judgment 解析： 第一个空填名词 judge（法官），作主语；第二个空填名词 judgment（判断力），作宾语；第三个空填名词 judgment（判断，裁决），作介词 for 的宾语。 译文： 作为一位公正的法官，她在做决定时总是运用良好的判断力。她在法庭上以明智的裁决著称。 7. I must __________ for being late. Please accept my sincere __________. (apologize) 答案： apologize / apology 解析： 第一个空填动词原形 apologize（道歉），与 must 构成谓语；第二个空填名词 apology（道歉），作宾语。 译文： 我必须为迟到道歉。请接受我诚挚的歉意。 8. She __________ donated a large sum of money to the school. Her __________ is known to everyone in the community. (generous) 答案： generously / generosity 解析： 第一个空填副词 generously（慷慨地），修饰动词 donated；第二个空填名词 generosity（慷慨），作主语。 译文： 她慷慨地向学校捐赠了一大笔钱。她的慷慨在社区里人人皆知。 9. He only reads online headlines and never dives into details, so his understanding of the issue is rather shallow. He spoke __________ without considering the facts. Such __________ often leads to misunderstandings. (shallow) 答案： shallowly / shallowness 解析： 第一个空填副词 shallowly（肤浅地），修饰动词 spoke；第二个空填名词 shallowness（肤浅），作主语。 译文： 他只读网络标题从不深究细节，所以他对这个问题的理解相当肤浅。他不考虑事实就肤浅地发表看法。这种肤浅常常导致误解。 10. The new machine works much more __________ than the old one. Its high __________ has greatly reduced production costs. The manager praised the efficient design of the equipment. (efficient) 答案： efficiently / efficiency 解析： 第一个空填副词 efficiently（高效率地），修饰动词 works；第二个空填名词 efficiency（效率），作主语； 译文： 新机器比旧机器工作效率高得多。它的高效率大大降低了生产成本。经理称赞了该设备的高效设计。 六、单句改错：易用错单词专练。（原创） 1. sight / view / scene 易混用法常见错误： ❌ From the top of the mountain, we had a wonderful sight of the whole city. 错误原因： sight 指"视力"或"看见"的动作/状态，也可以指"景象/名胜"（通常用复数 sights）；view 指"从某处看到的风景/视野"，是固定搭配 have a view of。 正确用法： ✅ From the top of the mountain, we had a wonderful view of the whole city. ✅ The Great Wall is one of the most famous sights in China. 记忆口诀： "看风景用 view，名胜古迹用 sights。" 2. medium / media 易混用法常见错误： ❌ Television and radio are important medium of spreading news. 错误原因： medium 是单数（一种媒介），media 是复数（多种媒介）。本句主语 Television and radio 是复数，应使用 media。 正确用法： ✅ Television is an important medium of spreading news.（单数，一种媒介） ✅ Television and radio are important media of spreading news.（复数，多种媒介） ✅ Social media have changed the way we communicate. 记忆口诀： "一个媒介用 medium，所有媒体用 media。" 3. lose / loss / lost 易混用法常见错误： ❌ His lose of confidence made him give up. 错误原因： 本句主语位置需要名词，lose（动词）, 不正确。要用名词loss "丧失/损失"。而lost（过去式/形容词）。 正确用法： ✅ His loss of confidence made him give up.（名词，作主语） ✅ The young man lost his job and suffered a great loss.（动词过去式 + 名词） ✅ The little boy got lost in the crowd.（形容词，迷路的） 记忆口诀： "名词亏损用 loss，动词丢失用 lose，迷路丢失用 lost。" 4. respect / aspect 易混用法常见错误： ❌ We should show aspect to our elders. 错误原因： respect 意为"尊重/尊敬"；aspect 意为"方面/层面"。二者拼写相近但含义完全不同。 正确用法： ✅ We should show respect to our elders.（尊重） ✅ Every aspect of the plan should be carefully considered.（方面） 记忆口诀： "尊老爱幼用 respect，方方面面用 aspect。" 5. quality / quantity 易混用法常见错误： ❌ The quality of the products is not enough. We need more. 错误原因： quality 指"质量/品质"；quantity 指"数量"。后文说"我们需要更多"，说明强调数量而非质量。 正确用法： ✅ The quantity of the products is not enough. We need more.（数量不够） ✅ The quality of this product is excellent.（质量很好） ✅ The quantity of the wine produced this year is not enough.（融入本单元单词） 记忆口诀： "质量好坏用 quality，数量多少用 quantity。" 七、用本单元所学单词，完成以下类比练习。（原创） 1. Poet is to poem as blogger is to ______. 答案： blog 解析： poet（诗人）创作 poem（诗歌）；blogger（博主）创作 blog（博客）。均为"创作者 → 其作品"的关系。 2. Café is to coffee as wine bar is to ______. 答案： wine 解析： café（咖啡馆）主要出售 coffee（咖啡）；wine bar（酒吧）主要出售 wine（葡萄酒）。均为"场所 → 其主营产品"的关系。 3. Loss is to suffer as comfort is to ______. 答案： benefit 解析： loss（损失）会让人 suffer（受苦）；comfort（安慰）会让人 benefit（受益）。均为"事件 → 其带来的影响"的关系。 4. Shallow is to deep as awkward is to ______. 答案： skillful 解析： shallow（肤浅的/浅的）与 deep（深的）是反义词；awkward（笨拙的）与 skillful（熟练的）是反义词。词性均为形容词，对应工整。 5. Original is to copy as theme is to ______. 答案： detail 解析： original（原作的/起初的）与 copy（复制品）相对，强调"核心与衍生"；theme（主题）与 detail（细节）相对，强调"整体核心与局部"的关系。 八、读谜语，猜单词，将答案写在横线上。（原创） Riddle 1 I'm a place where people meet and talk, Over tea or coffee, they often walk. I serve hot drinks and sweet cakes too, A cozy corner for me and you. What am I? ( a noun in Unit 3) 谜底： café 解析： "serve hot drinks and sweet cakes"（供应热饮和甜点）是咖啡馆的典型特征；"cozy corner"（舒适的角落）符合咖啡馆的氛围。答案明确指向 café。 Riddle 2 I'm a feeling that makes you want to hide, When you trip or fall, I'm by your side. Your face turns red, your heart beats fast, But don't worry—this moment won't last. What am I? ( a noun in Unit 3) 谜底： awkwardness 解析： "trip or fall"（绊倒或摔倒）、"face turns red"（脸红）、"heart beats fast"（心跳加速）都是"尴尬"的典型表现。答案明确指向 awkwardness（尴尬）。 Riddle 3 I'm a person who writes with grace, With rhythm and rhyme, I find my place. I turn feelings into words so bright, And bring your emotions into light. What am I? ( a noun in Unit 3) 谜底： poet 解析： "writes with grace"（优雅地写作）、"rhythm and rhyme"（节奏和韵律）、"turn feelings into words"（将情感化为文字）都是诗人的典型特征。答案明确指向 poet。 Riddle 4 I'm the way you act and what you do, The world can see me, and judge you too. I show your kindness or your pride, I'm always there, right by your side. When you say "please" or "thank you" bright, I show the world if you're wrong or right. What am I? ( a noun in Unit 3) 谜底： behaviour 解析： "the way you act"（行为方式）、"say please or thank you"（具体行为表现）、"wrong or right"（好坏判断）都指向"行为/举止"。答案唯一指向 behaviour。 Riddle 5 I'm something you have when you work or try, I show if your product is good or poor. I'm not about how many you make, But how excellent you are for goodness' sake. What am I? ( a noun in Unit 3) 谜底： quality 解析： "show if your product is good or poor"（显示产品好坏）、"not about how many"（不是关于数量）直接排除 quantity，明确指向 quality（质量/品质）。 九、语境学语法：找出关系代词引导的定语从句。（原创） A Friendship Tested and Renewed My best friend Lily whose advice I had once ignored finally repaired our friendship that had been on the rocks. The conflict started from a misunderstanding that caused us great loss and  awkward silence. I was clearly in the wrong but refused to contact her, a mistake which ate away at our trust. I felt at a loss and didn't know how to recover our bond. Then I recognized the real cause for which I later apologized in person. I wrote a frank email expressing my true feelings and  sought to smooth out the conflict. I also asked a friend who knew us both to deliver my message, a friend whom I trusted completely. To my surprise, she didn't respond immediately. But a week later, she generously replied with a message that filled me with joy. We met at a café which served great wine and had a thorough chat. That moment taught me a lesson which I will never forget. Now I measure every word with extra care. In my opinion, friends should count on each other and never let go of real connections, a belief that I will always hold. 答案及解析： 1. My best friend Lily whose advice I had once ignored finally repaired our friendship... whose advice I had once ignored 为定语从句。whose 是关系代词，在从句中作定语，修饰 advice；先行词是 Lily。 2. ...our friendship that had been on the rocks. that had been on the rocks 为定语从句。that 是关系代词，在从句中作主语；先行词是 friendship。 3. The conflict started from a misunderstanding that caused us great loss and awkward silence. that caused us great loss and awkward silence 为定语从句。that 是关系代词，在从句中作主语；先行词是 misunderstanding。 4. ...refused to contact her, a mistake which ate away at our trust. which ate away at our trust 为定语从句。which 是关系代词，在从句中作主语；先行词是 a mistake。 5. Then I recognized the real cause for which I later apologized in person. for which I later apologized in person 为定语从句。which 是关系代词，在从句中作介词 for 的宾语；先行词是 the real cause。 6. I also asked a friend who knew us both to deliver my message... who knew us both to deliver my message 为定语从句。who 是关系代词，在从句中作主语；先行词是 a friend。 7. ...a friend whom I trusted completely. whom I trusted completely 为定语从句。whom 是关系代词，在从句中作宾语；先行词是 a friend。 8. ...she generously replied with a message that filled me with joy. that filled me with joy 为定语从句。that 是关系代词，在从句中作主语；先行词是 a message。 9. We met at a café which served great wine and had a thorough chat. which served great wine… 为定语从句。which 是关系代词，在从句中作主语；先行词是 café。 10. That moment taught me a lesson which I will never forget. which I will never forget 为定语从句。which 是关系代词，在从句中作宾语；先行词是 a lesson。 十、汉译英：用本单元所学的定语从句翻译句子。（原创） 1. 我喜欢那位写了很多诗的人。 2. 她找不到她丢失的那副眼镜。 3. 我们钦佩那些行为良好的人。 4. 他读了一本主题是关于友谊的书。 5. 我认识那位正在和我哥哥聊天的女孩。 6. 她无法忘记她在那家咖啡馆度过的快乐时光。 7. 这就是那位我们刚才联系过的医生。 8. 我没有收到你昨天写的那封邮件。 9. 那些忽视健康建议的人可能会遭受损失。 10. 他买了一件质量很好的外套。 参考答案 1. I like the person who has written many poems. 2. She can't find the glasses (which /that) she lost. 3. We admire the people who have good behavior. 4. He read a book whose theme is about friendship. 5. I know the girl who/that is chatting with my brother. 6. She can't forget the happy moments (which /that) she spent in that café. 7. This is the doctor (whom/who/that) we contacted just now. 8. I didn't receive the email (which/that) you wrote yesterday. 9. Those who ignore health advice may suffer loss. 10. He bought a coat whose quality is very good. 十一、听对话，选出正确答案。（原创） 1. What is Mike's problem? A. He lost his best friend. B. He feels guilty and helpless. C. He argued with Tom over the phone. 2. What does Amy advise Mike to do? A. Wait for Tom to calm down. B. Forget about the old conflict. C. Offer Tom a sincere apology. 3. What can we infer about Amy? A. She is a supportive friend. B. She hates making apologies. C. She once had a similar fight. 答案与详细解析 1. 答案：B 解析： 细节理解题。Mike 原话 “I can't recover from the guilt” 和 “I feel awkward and hopeless” 直接对应 guilty 和 helpless（同义转述 awkward and hopeless 为 helpless）。A 项 “lost” 过度绝对化，原文为 “on the rocks”（出现危机）；C 项 “misunderstood advice” 与原文 “misunderstood his well-meaning advice” 虽有重合，但 Mike 的主要困扰是内疚和无助感，而非单纯误解本身，故 B 最全面准确。 2. 答案：C 解析： 细节理解题。Amy 明确建议 “giving a frank apology”，对应 sincere apology（同义转述）。A 项 “wait” 是原文中 Amy 说的 “If he needs more time, you can wait”，这是让步性补充，而非核心建议；B 项 “forget” 与 Amy 说的 “don't let this friendship escape” 直接矛盾。C 为唯一正确项。 3. 答案：A 解析： 判断推理题。Amy 多次使用鼓励性语言（“That's the spirit!” “I admire your courage” “Now go and make it right!”），并承诺 “I'm counting on you to tell me how it goes”，充分体现她对朋友的 支持性（supportive）。B 项与原文相反——Amy 反而鼓励道歉；C 项为无中生有，对话从未提及 Amy 的个人经历。A 为最合理的推断。 录音文字材料 A Heart-to-Heart Talk Amy: Hey, Mike! You look terrible. What's going on? Mike: Hi, Amy. It's my friendship with Tom. It's on the rocks, and I'm totally at a loss. I misunderstood his well-meaning advice and ignored his calls. My pride has been eating away at me, but I just don't know what to do. Amy: I hear you. Have you thought about contacting him in person and giving a frank apology? A thorough talk might smooth out the whole mess. In my opinion, real friends are meant to stay together through thick and thin. He'll probably understand. Mike: But what if he refuses to see me? I can't recover from the guilt—I've really suffered from this loss. Every time I think about it, I feel awkward and hopeless. Amy: I totally get that. But in any case, you won't lose anything by trying. If he needs more time, you can wait. You should let go of your fear and just seek that honest moment. Even a small step will benefit you. Mike: You're right. I'll measure my words carefully and respect his feelings. I definitely won't let this friendship escape me again. Thanks for being here. Amy: That's the spirit! I admire your courage—it's not easy to apologize first. Now go and make it right! I'm counting on you to tell me how it goes. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Hey, mike, you look terrible. What's going on? It's my friendship with tongue. It's on the rocks, and i'm totally at a loss. I misunderstood his well meaning advice and ignored his calls. My pride has been eating away at me, but I just don't . know what to do. I hear you. Have you thought about contacting him in person in giving a Frank apology? A thero talk might smooth out the whole mass. In my opinion, real friends are meant to stay together through thick and fan. He'll probably understand. But what if he refuses to see me? I can't recover from the guilt i've really suffered from this loss. Every time I think about IT, I feel awkward in hopeless. I totally get that. But in any case, you won't lose anything by trying. If he needs more time, you can wait. You should let go of your fear and just seek that honest moment. Even a small step benefit you. You're right. I'll measure my words carefully and respect his feelings. I definitely will let this friendship escape me again. Thanks for being here. That's the spirit. I admire your courage. It's not easy to apologize first. Now go and make IT right. I'm counting on you to tell me how IT goes. A painful lesson in . kindness. Last week. I met an awkward situation in a cafe. My friend lilly suffered from a loss of confidence. After her failure in a speech contest to comfort her, I ignored her true feelings and responded with well meaning but shallow advice, just recover quickly and seek more practice. It's not a big deal. SHE apologised for her behaviour. SHE stood up and left without finishing her drink. Later, I recognized my mistake. I had misunderstood her need. SHE wanted respect in sympathy, not solutions. I judged myself to be a careless friend. That evening, I contacted her again. I gave a Frank apology and admitted my words were thoroughly wrong. SHE accepted IT with generous kindness. At that moment, I felt real joy, not because I fixed her problem, but because I finally offered true company. This experience became the basis for my new opinion on friendship. Definitely, listening is more important than advising. I now measure every word with extra care. Indeed, true comfort is not about escape from difficult talks, but about reflection on our own behavior. I admire lilly's honesty in teaching me that lesson. A painful lesson in kindness. Last week, I met an awkward situation in a cafe. My friend lilly suffered from a loss of confidence after her lier in a speech contest to comfort to her, I ignored her true feelings and responded with well meaning, but shallow advice just recovered quickly and seek more practice. It's not a big deal. SHE apologized for her behavior. SHE stood up and left without finishing her drink. Later, I recognized my mistake. I had misunderstood her need. SHE wanted respect in sympathy, not solutions. I judged myself to be a careless friend. That evening, I contacted her again. I gave a Frank pology and admitted my words, war thoroughly wrong. SHE accepted IT with generous kindness. At that moment, I felt real joy, not because I fixed your problem, but because I finally offered true company. This experience became the basis for my new opinion on friendship. Definitely, listening is more important than advising. I now measure every word with extra care. Indeed. true comfort is not about escape from difficult talks. What about reflection on our . own behavior? I admire lillies onesta in teaching me that lesson.