Unit 2 Safety（单元阅读精练）英语新教材北师大版八年级上册

**基本信息** 围绕“Safety”主题，整合多样体裁语篇与中考题型，系统关联安全知识与语言能力培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |时文阅读|2篇说明文（送餐安全、物联网安全）|阅读理解，聚焦社会热点安全问题|从现象描述（违规/隐患）到原因分析及解决措施，构建“问题-成因-方案”逻辑链| |实战演练|5篇（露营安全/火灾救援/规则匹配等）|涵盖完形、配对、选词、任务型阅读，体裁含说明/记叙/应用文|从户外安全到家庭自救，从个体行为到社会规则，形成“生活场景-安全准则-语言应用”知识网络，整合核心词汇与语法（如条件状语从句）|

Unit 2 Safety 单元阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 245 讲述送餐员频繁违反交通规则、事故高发的现状，分析企业罚款、顾客差评等高危诱因，并介绍多地出台的整治改善措施。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 280 介绍物联网的发展趋势，举例说明智能家居设备的功能优势，同时指出设备联网存在的安全隐患与设备兼容问题及行业应对方案。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 260 介绍露营成为青少年热门假期活动，阐明露营安全的重要性，从营地选择、装备准备、应急处理三方面讲解核心露营安全规则。 Passage2 完形填空 记叙文 310 讲述洛杉矶消防员因当地火灾坚守岗位、全力救灾，其妻子独自照顾年幼子女的日常，同时记录社会各界互帮互助、支援灾区的温暖故事。 Passage3 配对阅读 应用文 220 列举五位学生在团队活动、出行、公共场合等场景中违反规则的困惑，匹配对应的规范行为指导建议。 Passage4 选词填空 说明文 215 阐述规则在社会生活、交通、校园中的重要作用，说明规则能够维护秩序、规避问题、约束不良行为，呼吁人们自觉遵守规则。 Passage5 任务型阅读 说明文 230 详细介绍家庭突发大火时的全套自救方法，包含呼救、报警、避险、逃生等多项实用安全准则。 Passage1 English 中文翻译 Food deliverymen (送餐员) are always in a hurry. They wear blue, red or yellow helmets (头盔) and many of them don’t follow traffic rules. They drive on the wrong side of the road and run red lights. They use mobile phones while driving. 送餐员总是行色匆匆。他们佩戴蓝色、红色或黄色的头盔，其中很多人不遵守交通规则。他们逆向行驶、闯红灯，还会在骑行时使用手机。 In the first half of 2017, food deliverymen had 76 traffic accidents in Shanghai, according to Shanghai Public Security Bureau (上海公共安全局). That means every two and a half days, a food deliveryman will die or get hurt on the road. 据上海市公安局数据显示，2017年上半年，上海共发生76起送餐员相关交通事故。这意味着平均每两天半，就有一名送餐员在路上伤亡。 What makes deliverymen put themselves into such a danger? The strict rules of the food delivery service companies and the worried customers (顾客) may be the answer. Many companies will fine (罚款) a deliveryman up to 2,000 yuan if he fails to deliver an order on time, reported China Daily. Fines also go to those who get bad reviews (评价) from customers. 是什么让送餐员身处这般危险之中？外卖平台严苛的规章制度和焦急的顾客或许是答案。据《中国日报》报道，许多外卖平台规定，送餐员若无法按时送餐，最高会被罚款2000元，收到顾客差评也会被处罚。 To solve the problem, food delivery service companies need to do some changes. Some cities are also taking action. Shanghai has asked companies to train their deliverymen on traffic rules and safety. Now in Shenzhen, if a deliveryman breaks traffic rules more than twice, then he can’t do the job for a whole year. 为解决这一问题，外卖服务企业需要做出整改，多个城市也纷纷采取行动。上海已要求企业对送餐员开展交通规则和安全培训。目前深圳规定，送餐员交通违规次数超过两次，将被全年禁止从事送餐工作。 【长难句分析】 1. 原句：Many companies will fine (罚款) a deliveryman up to 2,000 yuan if he fails to deliver an order on time, reported China Daily. 翻译：据《中国日报》报道，许多外卖平台规定，送餐员若无法按时送餐，最高会被罚款2000元。 重点：if引导条件状语从句，为主从复合句核心考点；固定搭配fail to do sth. 意为“未能做某事”，deliver an order 意为“送餐”；up to 表示“多达、最高”，是七年级高频短语。 2. 原句：Now in Shenzhen, if a deliveryman breaks traffic rules more than twice, then he can’t do the job for a whole year. 翻译：目前深圳规定，送餐员交通违规次数超过两次，将被全年禁止从事送餐工作。 重点：if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”时态规则；break traffic rules 为固定搭配“违反交通规则”；more than 表示“超过”，贴合初中句式考点。 【重难词汇梳理】 1. delivery /dɪˈlɪvəri/ n. 递送，配送 2. helmet /ˈhelmɪt/ n. 头盔 3. traffic /ˈtræfɪk/ n. 交通 4. bureau /ˈbjʊərəʊ/ n. 局，办事处 5. fine /faɪn/ v. 罚款 adj. 美好的 6. review /rɪˈvjuː/ n. 评价，评论 7. solve /sɒlv/ v. 解决，处理 8. action /ˈækʃn/ n. 行动，举措 Passage2 English 中文翻译 Is your TV connected to the Internet? What about your chair, or your fridge? Probably they are not. But in the future, most things in your home may be connected, thanks to the so-called “Internet of things”. 你的电视联网了吗？你的椅子、冰箱呢？大概率是没有的。但在未来，得益于所谓的“物联网”，家中大部分设备或许都能实现联网。 The Internet of things may be coming sooner than you think. Earlier this year, Samsung CEO spent a lot of time talking about the Internet things. He said that four years from now, every Samsung product will be part of the Internet of things, no matter whether it’s a remote control or a washing machine. 物联网的普及或许比你想象的更快。今年早些时候，三星首席执行官多次谈及物联网。他表示，四年后，三星的所有产品，无论是遥控器还是洗衣机，都将接入物联网。 So, how do household(家用)objects that are part of the Internet of things work? Well, think of a common chair. When connected to the Internet, the chair warms up when it knows the user has just walked into the room and is feeling cold. 那么，接入物联网的家用设备是如何运作的呢？我们可以以普通椅子为例。联网后的智能椅子，感知到用户进屋且体感寒冷时，就会自动升温。 An Interet-connected camera could help people feel safer in their homes. It can know people’s faces and has an infrared sensor(红外传感器), so even if it’s dark it can see when someone passes by and sends you a message on your smart phone to let you know who’s there. If the person is someone you don’t know, it can tell you that, too. 联网监控摄像头能提升居家安全性。它具备人脸识别功能和红外传感功能，即便在黑暗环境中，也能识别过往人员，并向你的手机发送消息告知来人身份，陌生人到访也能精准识别提醒。 But according to MIT Technology Review, whether companies are connecting dog food bowls or security (安全)systems to the Internet, there may be some problems. For example, many early connected-home objects don’t have much built-in security, which means they could be hacked(被黑客攻击). Moreover, it could be difficult to get these new machines to work together, especially when they are made by different companies. To fight this, many companies have joined the Open Interconnect Consortium, which had 45 members by late 2015. 但据《麻省理工科技评论》报道，无论企业将狗食碗还是安防系统接入网络，都存在一定隐患。例如，很多早期智能家居设备内置安全防护薄弱，容易被黑客入侵。此外，不同厂商生产的智能设备很难兼容联动。为解决这一问题，多家企业加入了开放互联联盟，截至2015年末，该联盟已有45家成员企业。 So, picture this: you enter your home. The temperature changes to make you feel comfortable. Your favorite music starts playing for you. Do you think that this would be a good thing? It may happen sooner than you think. 不妨畅想这样的场景：你回到家中，室内温度自动调节至舒适状态，喜爱的音乐自动播放。你觉得这样的体验美好吗？这一切的到来，或许比你想象的更快。 【长难句分析】 1. 原句：He said that four years from now, every Samsung product will be part of the Internet of things, no matter whether it’s a remote control or a washing machine. 翻译：他表示，四年后，三星的所有产品，无论是遥控器还是洗衣机，都将接入物联网。 重点：that引导宾语从句，作主句谓语said的宾语；no matter whether引导让步状语从句，意为“无论……”；区分一般将来时用法，是初中核心从句考点。 2. 原句：For example, many early connected-home objects don’t have much built-in security, which means they could be hacked. 翻译：例如，很多早期智能家居设备内置安全防护薄弱，容易被黑客入侵。 重点：which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前文整句话内容，补充说明设备安全隐患的后果；built-in 为合成形容词，意为“内置的”，贴合初中拓展词汇考点。 【重难词汇梳理】 1. connect /kəˈnekt/ v. 连接，联网 2. household /ˈhaʊshəʊld/ adj. 家用的 n. 家庭 3. sensor /ˈsensə(r)/ n. 传感器 4. security /sɪˈkjʊərəti/ n. 安全，防护 5. built-in /ˌbɪlt ˈɪn/ adj. 内置的 6. hack /hæk/ v. 黑客入侵 7. consortium /kənˈsɔːtiəm/ n. 联盟，联合体 8. comfortable /ˈkʌmftəbl/ adj. 舒适的 Passage1 Camping has become a popular activity for teenagers during holidays. It allows them to enjoy nature, make friends, and experience outdoor life. However, camping without following safety rules can lead to serious dangers. Learning basic camping safety is essential for every teen who wants to go camping. First, choosing a safe campsite is important. Avoid places near rivers with fast-flowing water—heavy rain could cause floods. Also, stay away from dead trees, as they might fall down in strong winds. A flat and open area with no sharp rocks is the best choice for setting up a tent. Second, preparing the right equipment is necessary. Bring a waterproof tent to keep out rain, and a warm sleeping bag even if the weather seems hot—temperatures can drop a lot at night. Don’t forget a first-aid kit with bandages, antiseptic (消毒液), and painkillers for small injuries like cuts or insect bites. Also, carry enough clean water and non-perishable food (不易变质的食物) like canned meat and dried fruits. Third, knowing how to deal with emergencies matters. If you get lost, stay in one place and use a whistle to signal for help—three short blows are a standard distress signal (求救信号). Never try to pick wild fruits or mushrooms, as some may be poisonous. In case of a fire, use water or sand to put it out, and never leave the fire unattended. Following these safety rules can help teenagers have a fun and safe camping trip. Remember, safety should always come first when enjoying outdoor activities. 16．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Why camping is popular among teenagers. B．How to choose a good campsite for camping. C．The importance of learning camping safety rules for teenagers. D．What equipment teenagers need to bring for camping. 17．Why should teenagers avoid setting up tents near dead trees? A．Because there might be many insects there. B．Because dead trees could fall down in strong winds. C．Because the ground near dead trees is usually uneven. D．Because it’s hard to find clean water near dead trees. 18．What should teenagers do if they get lost while camping? A．Walk around to look for their friends. B．Pick wild fruits to eat. C．Stay in one place and use a whistle to signal for help. D．Set up a new tent in a flat area. 19．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as part of the first-aid kit? A．Bandages.B．Antiseptic.C．Painkillers.D．Waterproof tape. 【答案】16．C 17．B 18．C 19．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出露营是青少年假期热门活动，但不遵守安全规则会有危险，进而从选择安全营地、准备合适装备、掌握应急处理方法三个方面介绍了青少年露营需注意的安全规则，强调学习露营安全知识对青少年的重要性。 【详解】16．细节理解题。根据“Camping has become a popular activity for teenagers during holidays... However, camping without following safety rules can lead to serious dangers. Learning basic camping safety is essential for every teen who wants to go camping.”以及后文对露营安全规则的介绍可知，文章主要讲述的是学习露营安全规则对青少年的重要性，故选C。 17．细节理解题。根据“Also, stay away from dead trees, as they might fall down in strong winds.”可知，青少年应避免在枯树附近搭帐篷，是因为枯树可能在大风中倒下，故选B。 18．细节理解题。根据“If you get lost, stay in one place and use a whistle to signal for help—three short blows are a standard distress signal (求救信号).”可知，青少年露营时如果迷路，应待在原地并用哨子发出求救信号，故选C。 19．细节理解题。根据“Don’t forget a first-aid kit with bandages, antiseptic (消毒液), and painkillers for small injuries like cuts or insect bites.”可知，急救包中包含绷带、消毒液和止痛药，防水胶带（Waterproof tape）未被提及，故选D。 Passage2 In a typical month, Allexa Morales’ husband, Andrew, works 10 days as a firefighter: one day on, one day off, followed by a few days of rest. However, since the fires broke out in Los Angeles, his life has greatly changed. Andrew is 1 at Los Angeles Fire Department Station 69, which is in the Palisades. He was at home when the fires started last Monday. Allexa says, “We didn’t think much of them at first. Instead, we thought they would be taken care of 2 . After all, it’s not a fire season. Then, on Monday night, when the winds started getting really bad, things got out of control.” Allexa is thankful that her family’s home hasn’t been directly affected by the fires. However, the most challenging part of managing life since the fires has been taking responsibility as a 3 to their 4-year-old daughter, Ava, and 9-month-old son, Theo, while Andrew is away. “Theo was in the NICU (新生儿重症监护病房) for a month after he was born, and there are things we need to work through,” Allexa says. “My daughter, Ava, is 4, and she can’t stand a single second without her dad around. I’ll tell Andrew, ‘She’s 4 you to be here in the morning to take her to school. ’ ” “That’s my selfishness coming through, ” she adds. “I’m thinking about him taking her to school, and then I have to remind myself—people 5 him, and I’m here supporting him. It’s just that Ava’s at an age where she wants her dad with her all the time, and that makes it 6 on me. ” Since her kids are so young, they aren’t able to fully understand what is going on. Allexa says Ava knows that her dad goes to work to help people and put out fires, but that’s about it. Allexa adds that her husband and the other firefighters still have a long way to go before the fires are fully under control. “They also do a lot of cleanups. The strike teams that are still being sent out are going in to check for any 7 — people who didn’t get out in time, ” she explains. “A lot of houses still have flames. They go in and put those out. Over the next few months, different teams will be sent out to handle the ongoing cleanup, ” she continues. “We have so many restaurants and people 8 food, water and something else. It’s just lovely seeing so many people come together. ” 1．A．lined B．laid C．stationed D．left 2．A．carefully B．quickly C．slowly D．completely 3．A．babysitter B．friend C．teacher D．parent 4．A．expecting B．advising C．inviting D．allowing 5．A．love B．need C．want D．respect 6．A．hard B．impossible C．easy D．unbelievable 7．A．hopes B．signs C．remains D．chances 8．A．putting out B．hanging out C．handing out D．reaching out 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述消防员Andrew因洛杉矶火灾工作骤增，妻子Allexa独自照顾子女的困境，以及社区对灾区的支援。 【详解】1．句意：Andrew驻扎在Palisades的洛杉矶消防局69号站。 lined排列；laid放置；stationed驻扎；left离开。根据“Los Angeles Fire Department Station 69”（消防局站点），需填入“驻扎”。故选C。 2．句意：相反，我们以为火情会很快被控制。 carefully仔细；quickly快速；slowly缓慢；completely完全。根据“After all, it’s not a fire season.”后文提到“周一晚风力加剧失控”，说明起初预期是快速处理。故选B。 3． 句意：然而，自火灾发生以来，管理生活中最具挑战性的部分是在安德鲁不在的时候，作为母亲，Allexa要为他们4岁的女儿艾娃和9个月大的儿子西奥承担责任。 Passage3 配对阅读  左栏是5位学生在不同场景下遇到的与“规则”相关的困惑或问题，右栏是7条对应的解决建议。请将学生情况与对应建议进行匹配，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 20 Mike joined the school football team last month. He often forgets the team's training time and makes his teammates wait for him. 21 Jane was late for the school art exhibition because she rode her bike on the wrong side of the road. This led to a small traffic jam. 22 John played basketball in the community park yesterday. He didn't clean up his snack bags after the game, so the park keeper got angry. 23 Cindy took part in an English speech competition last week. She looked at her notes during the speech. It was against the rules. 24 Tony went to a concert with his friend last weekend. He kept talking loudly with his friend, and the people around were really unhappy. A．You should learn and obey traffic rules strictly when going out. Riding on the right side of the road can keep you and others safe. B．You must remember the team rules and keep the training time in mind. You can set an alarm on your phone to help you. C． You should prepare for the speech well before the match and trust your own ability. Obeying rules is more important than getting a high score. D．You need to follow the concert hall rules and keep quiet. If you want to talk with your friend, you can go to the rest area outside the hall. E. You should wear proper sports clothes and shoes when playing basketball. This can protect you from getting hurt during the game and make you play better. F. You have to follow the park rules and keep public places clean. You should pick up the rubbish when you leave. G. You should practice your spoken English more and ask your teacher to help with your speech skills. 【答案】20．B 21．A 22．F 23．C 24．D 【导语】本文介绍了五位学生在不同场景下遇到的与“规则”相关的困惑或问题，以及七条对应的解决建议，需要为学生匹配合适的建议。 【详解】20．根据“Mike joined the school football team last month. He often forgets the team's training time and makes his teammates wait for him.”可知，迈克经常忘记球队训练时间，需要提醒自己遵守团队规则。选项B“你必须记住团队规则并牢记训练时间。你可以在手机上设置闹钟来帮助自己。”与之匹配。故选B。 21．根据“Jane was late for the school art exhibition because she rode her bike on the wrong side of the road. This led to a small traffic jam.”可知，简因骑车逆行导致迟到和交通堵塞，需要遵守交通规则。选项A“外出时应严格遵守交通规则。在道路右侧骑行可以保护你和他人安全。”与之匹配。故选A。 22．根据“John played basketball in the community park yesterday. He didn't clean up his snack bags after the game, so the park keeper got angry.”可知，约翰在公园打球后未清理零食袋，需要遵守公园规定、保持公共场所清洁。选项F“你必须遵守公园规则并保持公共场所清洁。离开时应捡起垃圾。”与之匹配。故选F。 23．根据“Cindy took part in an English speech competition last week. She looked at her notes during the speech. It was against the rules.”可知，辛迪在演讲比赛中违规看笔记，需要赛前充分准备并遵守比赛规则。选项C“你应在比赛前充分准备演讲并相信自己的能力。遵守规则比获得高分更重要。”与之匹配。故选C。 24．根据“Tony went to a concert with his friend last weekend. He kept talking loudly with his friend, and the people around were really unhappy.”可知，托尼在音乐会上大声交谈影响他人，需要遵守音乐厅规则、保持安静。选项D“你需要遵守音乐厅规则并保持安静。如果想和朋友交谈，可以到厅外的休息区。”与之匹配。故选D。 Passage4选词填空 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化 (可添加助动词或者情态动词) ，填入空白处。 protect, go, make, spread, discuss, cause, get, do, keep, be, wear Rules are very important in our lives. They help 25 everything in order. There are many different causes of accidents in society, which is why rules are everywhere. For example, traffic rules make sure that cars and people can move safely on the roads. If there are no traffic rules, cars 26 all over the place and there will be a lot of trouble. On a bus, every passenger should follow the rules. First, we should 27 a seat belt on a bus. It can 28 us from getting into trouble. Although it’s a simple thing, it can make a big difference. Second, we should offer our seats to the old. This is a good thing to do. Rules in schools help students study well. They tell students when to go to class, when to rest, and how 29 along with each other. Rules can prevent (阻止) bad behaviours from 30 If someone 31 something bad and gets away with it, others may do the same. But with rules, people know what they can and can’t do. Rules also help to avoid 32 problems. Since 2010, there 33 many traffic accidents in our country. They are really important in our lives. We should be aware that rules are important. And we should follow the rules 34 our world a better place. 【答案】 25．keep/to keep 26．will go 27．wear 28．protect 29．to get 30．spreading 31．does 32．causing 33．have been 34．to make 【导语】本文介绍了规则在生活中的重要性，包括交通规则、校规等，以及规则对预防事故和维护秩序的作用。 【详解】25．句意：它们帮助保持一切井然有序。前文“Rules are very important in our lives.”说明规则很重要，后文“everything in order”表示“一切井然有序”，需要用表示“保持”的词。“keep...in order”意为“使……保持有序”。help后接动词原形或动词不定式。 26．句意： 如果没有交通规则，汽车就会到处乱跑。   前文“If there are no traffic rules”是假设条件，后文表示“没有规则就会发生的后果”。主句应用一般将来时。“go all over the place”意为“到处乱跑”，用will go。 27．句意：首先，我们应该在公交车上系好安全带。 搭配“wear a seat belt”意为“系安全带”，后文“It can protect us from getting into trouble”说明安全带的保护作用，因此填wear。 28．句意：它能保护我们免于陷入麻烦。搭配“protect...from”意为“保护……免受……”，安全带的作用是保护。can后接动词原形，故填protect。 29．句意：……以及如何与彼此相处。 “how to do”为不定式结构，作“tell”的宾语。“get along with”意为“与……相处”。故填to get。 30．句意：规则可以防止不良行为的蔓延。搭配“prevent...from doing”，表示“防止……做某事”，后接动名词。此处表示“不良行为发生”，故填spreading。 31．句意：如果某人做了坏事并逃脱惩罚…… “do something bad”意为“做坏事”。主语someone为第三人称单数，一般现在时用does，与后文gets并列。 32．句意：规则也有助于避免制造问题。 “avoid doing”表示“避免做某事”。此处表示“避免造成问题”，填causing。“cause problems”意为“制造问题/引起问题”，与“avoid”搭配合理。 33．句意：自2010年以来，我国发生了许多交通事故。“since 2010”为现在完成时的标志，主语“many traffic accidents”为复数，故用have been。“there have been”表示“有、存在”，用于现在完成时的there be句型。 34．句意：……我们应该遵守规则，以使我们的世界更美好。空格前“follow the rules”表示动作，后文“our world a better place”是结果，表示目的——为了让我们世界更美好。用不定式“to make”作目的状语。 Passage5任务型阅读 What should you do if a big fire happens at home? There is not much time to think, people need to act quickly. The following rules will be helpful: Shout out If you smell smoke or see fire, shout out “fire”! Shout as loudly as you can to wake people up. Call 119 Never try to put out a fire by yourself, even if it is a very small one. Get help from your parents or call 119. Keep down close to the floor If there is a lot of smoke in your room, keep down close to the floor. There is less smoke down there. It is easier to breathe (呼吸) and see where you are going. Take a wet towel to protect yourself from the fire and smoke. Check the door Check the door before you open it. Touch it with the back of your hand. If the door is cool, open it carefully. If the door is hot, do not open it. Get out If you can, get out of your home as quickly as you can. Don’t stop to pick up anything. A fire can become very big in a few seconds. Don’t use the lift (电梯) Never use the lift during a fire. Always use the stairs (楼梯). A lift may stop at a floor where the fire is burning. It may also go wrong and keep you inside. Don’t go back Never go back into a building on fire. Even if you have left your pet or favourite toy inside, do not go back for it. 35．Why should you shout loudly if you smell smoke or see fire? 36．Can you open the door if it is very hot? 37．What should you use during the fire, the lift or the stairs? 38．What will you do if a big fire happens at home? (more than 25 words) 【答案】 35．Because we need to wake people up quickly. 36．No, we can’t. 37．We should use the stairs. 38．First, I will shout out “fire” loudly to wake others up. Then I will call 119 for help at once. I’ll keep down close to the floor if there’s much smoke, check the door with the back of my hand before opening it, get out of the house quickly, use the stairs instead of the lift, and never go back into the burning house. 【导语】本文主要介绍了当家里发生大火时你该怎么做，并给出了几条建议。 【详解】35．“Shout out”部分的介绍提到“Shout as loudly as you can to wake people up”，说明大喊的目的是叫醒人们。答案是原文直接信息。 36．“Check the door”部分的介绍提到“If the door is hot, do not open it”，说明门发烫时不能开门。答案是原文直接信息。 37．“Don’t use the lift”部分的介绍提到“Never use the lift during a fire. Always use the stairs”，火灾时不能用电梯，要走楼梯。答案是原文直接信息。 38．开放性题目，答案不唯一，结合文中给出的全部逃生规则整理表述即可，满足字数要求。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Safety 单元阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 245 讲述送餐员频繁违反交通规则、事故高发的现状，分析企业罚款、顾客差评等高危诱因，并介绍多地出台的整治改善措施。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 280 介绍物联网的发展趋势，举例说明智能家居设备的功能优势，同时指出设备联网存在的安全隐患与设备兼容问题及行业应对方案。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 260 介绍露营成为青少年热门假期活动，阐明露营安全的重要性，从营地选择、装备准备、应急处理三方面讲解核心露营安全规则。 Passage2 完形填空 记叙文 310 讲述洛杉矶消防员因当地火灾坚守岗位、全力救灾，其妻子独自照顾年幼子女的日常，同时记录社会各界互帮互助、支援灾区的温暖故事。 Passage3 配对阅读 应用文 220 列举五位学生在团队活动、出行、公共场合等场景中违反规则的困惑，匹配对应的规范行为指导建议。 Passage4 选词填空 说明文 215 阐述规则在社会生活、交通、校园中的重要作用，说明规则能够维护秩序、规避问题、约束不良行为，呼吁人们自觉遵守规则。 Passage5 任务型阅读 说明文 230 详细介绍家庭突发大火时的全套自救方法，包含呼救、报警、避险、逃生等多项实用安全准则。 Passage1 English 中文翻译 Food deliverymen (送餐员) are always in a hurry. They wear blue, red or yellow helmets (头盔) and many of them don’t follow traffic rules. They drive on the wrong side of the road and run red lights. They use mobile phones while driving. 送餐员总是行色匆匆。他们佩戴蓝色、红色或黄色的头盔，其中很多人不遵守交通规则。他们逆向行驶、闯红灯，还会在骑行时使用手机。 In the first half of 2017, food deliverymen had 76 traffic accidents in Shanghai, according to Shanghai Public Security Bureau (上海公共安全局). That means every two and a half days, a food deliveryman will die or get hurt on the road. 据上海市公安局数据显示，2017年上半年，上海共发生76起送餐员相关交通事故。这意味着平均每两天半，就有一名送餐员在路上伤亡。 What makes deliverymen put themselves into such a danger? The strict rules of the food delivery service companies and the worried customers (顾客) may be the answer. Many companies will fine (罚款) a deliveryman up to 2,000 yuan if he fails to deliver an order on time, reported China Daily. Fines also go to those who get bad reviews (评价) from customers. 是什么让送餐员身处这般危险之中？外卖平台严苛的规章制度和焦急的顾客或许是答案。据《中国日报》报道，许多外卖平台规定，送餐员若无法按时送餐，最高会被罚款2000元，收到顾客差评也会被处罚。 To solve the problem, food delivery service companies need to do some changes. Some cities are also taking action. Shanghai has asked companies to train their deliverymen on traffic rules and safety. Now in Shenzhen, if a deliveryman breaks traffic rules more than twice, then he can’t do the job for a whole year. 为解决这一问题，外卖服务企业需要做出整改，多个城市也纷纷采取行动。上海已要求企业对送餐员开展交通规则和安全培训。目前深圳规定，送餐员交通违规次数超过两次，将被全年禁止从事送餐工作。 【长难句分析】 1. 原句：Many companies will fine (罚款) a deliveryman up to 2,000 yuan if he fails to deliver an order on time, reported China Daily. 翻译：据《中国日报》报道，许多外卖平台规定，送餐员若无法按时送餐，最高会被罚款2000元。 重点：if引导条件状语从句，为主从复合句核心考点；固定搭配fail to do sth. 意为“未能做某事”，deliver an order 意为“送餐”；up to 表示“多达、最高”，是七年级高频短语。 2. 原句：Now in Shenzhen, if a deliveryman breaks traffic rules more than twice, then he can’t do the job for a whole year. 翻译：目前深圳规定，送餐员交通违规次数超过两次，将被全年禁止从事送餐工作。 重点：if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”时态规则；break traffic rules 为固定搭配“违反交通规则”；more than 表示“超过”，贴合初中句式考点。 【重难词汇梳理】 1. delivery /dɪˈlɪvəri/ n. 递送，配送 2. helmet /ˈhelmɪt/ n. 头盔 3. traffic /ˈtræfɪk/ n. 交通 4. bureau /ˈbjʊərəʊ/ n. 局，办事处 5. fine /faɪn/ v. 罚款 adj. 美好的 6. review /rɪˈvjuː/ n. 评价，评论 7. solve /sɒlv/ v. 解决，处理 8. action /ˈækʃn/ n. 行动，举措 Passage2 English 中文翻译 Is your TV connected to the Internet? What about your chair, or your fridge? Probably they are not. But in the future, most things in your home may be connected, thanks to the so-called “Internet of things”. 你的电视联网了吗？你的椅子、冰箱呢？大概率是没有的。但在未来，得益于所谓的“物联网”，家中大部分设备或许都能实现联网。 The Internet of things may be coming sooner than you think. Earlier this year, Samsung CEO spent a lot of time talking about the Internet things. He said that four years from now, every Samsung product will be part of the Internet of things, no matter whether it’s a remote control or a washing machine. 物联网的普及或许比你想象的更快。今年早些时候，三星首席执行官多次谈及物联网。他表示，四年后，三星的所有产品，无论是遥控器还是洗衣机，都将接入物联网。 So, how do household(家用)objects that are part of the Internet of things work? Well, think of a common chair. When connected to the Internet, the chair warms up when it knows the user has just walked into the room and is feeling cold. 那么，接入物联网的家用设备是如何运作的呢？我们可以以普通椅子为例。联网后的智能椅子，感知到用户进屋且体感寒冷时，就会自动升温。 An Interet-connected camera could help people feel safer in their homes. It can know people’s faces and has an infrared sensor(红外传感器), so even if it’s dark it can see when someone passes by and sends you a message on your smart phone to let you know who’s there. If the person is someone you don’t know, it can tell you that, too. 联网监控摄像头能提升居家安全性。它具备人脸识别功能和红外传感功能，即便在黑暗环境中，也能识别过往人员，并向你的手机发送消息告知来人身份，陌生人到访也能精准识别提醒。 But according to MIT Technology Review, whether companies are connecting dog food bowls or security (安全)systems to the Internet, there may be some problems. For example, many early connected-home objects don’t have much built-in security, which means they could be hacked(被黑客攻击). Moreover, it could be difficult to get these new machines to work together, especially when they are made by different companies. To fight this, many companies have joined the Open Interconnect Consortium, which had 45 members by late 2015. 但据《麻省理工科技评论》报道，无论企业将狗食碗还是安防系统接入网络，都存在一定隐患。例如，很多早期智能家居设备内置安全防护薄弱，容易被黑客入侵。此外，不同厂商生产的智能设备很难兼容联动。为解决这一问题，多家企业加入了开放互联联盟，截至2015年末，该联盟已有45家成员企业。 So, picture this: you enter your home. The temperature changes to make you feel comfortable. Your favorite music starts playing for you. Do you think that this would be a good thing? It may happen sooner than you think. 不妨畅想这样的场景：你回到家中，室内温度自动调节至舒适状态，喜爱的音乐自动播放。你觉得这样的体验美好吗？这一切的到来，或许比你想象的更快。 【长难句分析】 1. 原句：He said that four years from now, every Samsung product will be part of the Internet of things, no matter whether it’s a remote control or a washing machine. 翻译：他表示，四年后，三星的所有产品，无论是遥控器还是洗衣机，都将接入物联网。 重点：that引导宾语从句，作主句谓语said的宾语；no matter whether引导让步状语从句，意为“无论……”；区分一般将来时用法，是初中核心从句考点。 2. 原句：For example, many early connected-home objects don’t have much built-in security, which means they could be hacked. 翻译：例如，很多早期智能家居设备内置安全防护薄弱，容易被黑客入侵。 重点：which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前文整句话内容，补充说明设备安全隐患的后果；built-in 为合成形容词，意为“内置的”，贴合初中拓展词汇考点。 【重难词汇梳理】 1. connect /kəˈnekt/ v. 连接，联网 2. household /ˈhaʊshəʊld/ adj. 家用的 n. 家庭 3. sensor /ˈsensə(r)/ n. 传感器 4. security /sɪˈkjʊərəti/ n. 安全，防护 5. built-in /ˌbɪlt ˈɪn/ adj. 内置的 6. hack /hæk/ v. 黑客入侵 7. consortium /kənˈsɔːtiəm/ n. 联盟，联合体 8. comfortable /ˈkʌmftəbl/ adj. 舒适的 Passage1 Camping has become a popular activity for teenagers during holidays. It allows them to enjoy nature, make friends, and experience outdoor life. However, camping without following safety rules can lead to serious dangers. Learning basic camping safety is essential for every teen who wants to go camping. First, choosing a safe campsite is important. Avoid places near rivers with fast-flowing water—heavy rain could cause floods. Also, stay away from dead trees, as they might fall down in strong winds. A flat and open area with no sharp rocks is the best choice for setting up a tent. Second, preparing the right equipment is necessary. Bring a waterproof tent to keep out rain, and a warm sleeping bag even if the weather seems hot—temperatures can drop a lot at night. Don’t forget a first-aid kit with bandages, antiseptic (消毒液), and painkillers for small injuries like cuts or insect bites. Also, carry enough clean water and non-perishable food (不易变质的食物) like canned meat and dried fruits. Third, knowing how to deal with emergencies matters. If you get lost, stay in one place and use a whistle to signal for help—three short blows are a standard distress signal (求救信号). Never try to pick wild fruits or mushrooms, as some may be poisonous. In case of a fire, use water or sand to put it out, and never leave the fire unattended. Following these safety rules can help teenagers have a fun and safe camping trip. Remember, safety should always come first when enjoying outdoor activities. 16．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Why camping is popular among teenagers. B．How to choose a good campsite for camping. C．The importance of learning camping safety rules for teenagers. D．What equipment teenagers need to bring for camping. 17．Why should teenagers avoid setting up tents near dead trees? A．Because there might be many insects there. B．Because dead trees could fall down in strong winds. C．Because the ground near dead trees is usually uneven. D．Because it’s hard to find clean water near dead trees. 18．What should teenagers do if they get lost while camping? A．Walk around to look for their friends. B．Pick wild fruits to eat. C．Stay in one place and use a whistle to signal for help. D．Set up a new tent in a flat area. 19．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as part of the first-aid kit? A．Bandages.B．Antiseptic.C．Painkillers.D．Waterproof tape. Passage2 In a typical month, Allexa Morales’ husband, Andrew, works 10 days as a firefighter: one day on, one day off, followed by a few days of rest. However, since the fires broke out in Los Angeles, his life has greatly changed. Andrew is 1 at Los Angeles Fire Department Station 69, which is in the Palisades. He was at home when the fires started last Monday. Allexa says, “We didn’t think much of them at first. Instead, we thought they would be taken care of 2 . After all, it’s not a fire season. Then, on Monday night, when the winds started getting really bad, things got out of control.” Allexa is thankful that her family’s home hasn’t been directly affected by the fires. However, the most challenging part of managing life since the fires has been taking responsibility as a 3 to their 4-year-old daughter, Ava, and 9-month-old son, Theo, while Andrew is away. “Theo was in the NICU (新生儿重症监护病房) for a month after he was born, and there are things we need to work through,” Allexa says. “My daughter, Ava, is 4, and she can’t stand a single second without her dad around. I’ll tell Andrew, ‘She’s 4 you to be here in the morning to take her to school. ’ ” “That’s my selfishness coming through, ” she adds. “I’m thinking about him taking her to school, and then I have to remind myself—people 5 him, and I’m here supporting him. It’s just that Ava’s at an age where she wants her dad with her all the time, and that makes it 6 on me. ” Since her kids are so young, they aren’t able to fully understand what is going on. Allexa says Ava knows that her dad goes to work to help people and put out fires, but that’s about it. Allexa adds that her husband and the other firefighters still have a long way to go before the fires are fully under control. “They also do a lot of cleanups. The strike teams that are still being sent out are going in to check for any 7 — people who didn’t get out in time, ” she explains. “A lot of houses still have flames. They go in and put those out. Over the next few months, different teams will be sent out to handle the ongoing cleanup, ” she continues. “We have so many restaurants and people 8 food, water and something else. It’s just lovely seeing so many people come together. ” 1．A．lined B．laid C．stationed D．left 2．A．carefully B．quickly C．slowly D．completely 3．A．babysitter B．friend C．teacher D．parent 4．A．expecting B．advising C．inviting D．allowing 5．A．love B．need C．want D．respect 6．A．hard B．impossible C．easy D．unbelievable 7．A．hopes B．signs C．remains D．chances 8．A．putting out B．hanging out C．handing out D．reaching out Passage3 配对阅读  左栏是5位学生在不同场景下遇到的与“规则”相关的困惑或问题，右栏是7条对应的解决建议。请将学生情况与对应建议进行匹配，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 20 Mike joined the school football team last month. He often forgets the team's training time and makes his teammates wait for him. 21 Jane was late for the school art exhibition because she rode her bike on the wrong side of the road. This led to a small traffic jam. 22 John played basketball in the community park yesterday. He didn't clean up his snack bags after the game, so the park keeper got angry. 23 Cindy took part in an English speech competition last week. She looked at her notes during the speech. It was against the rules. 24 Tony went to a concert with his friend last weekend. He kept talking loudly with his friend, and the people around were really unhappy. A．You should learn and obey traffic rules strictly when going out. Riding on the right side of the road can keep you and others safe. B．You must remember the team rules and keep the training time in mind. You can set an alarm on your phone to help you. C． You should prepare for the speech well before the match and trust your own ability. Obeying rules is more important than getting a high score. D．You need to follow the concert hall rules and keep quiet. If you want to talk with your friend, you can go to the rest area outside the hall. E. You should wear proper sports clothes and shoes when playing basketball. This can protect you from getting hurt during the game and make you play better. F. You have to follow the park rules and keep public places clean. You should pick up the rubbish when you leave. G. You should practice your spoken English more and ask your teacher to help with your speech skills. Passage4选词填空 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化 (可添加助动词或者情态动词) ，填入空白处。 protect, go, make, spread, discuss, cause, get, do, keep, be, wear Rules are very important in our lives. They help 25 everything in order. There are many different causes of accidents in society, which is why rules are everywhere. For example, traffic rules make sure that cars and people can move safely on the roads. If there are no traffic rules, cars 26 all over the place and there will be a lot of trouble. On a bus, every passenger should follow the rules. First, we should 27 a seat belt on a bus. It can 28 us from getting into trouble. Although it’s a simple thing, it can make a big difference. Second, we should offer our seats to the old. This is a good thing to do. Rules in schools help students study well. They tell students when to go to class, when to rest, and how 29 along with each other. Rules can prevent (阻止) bad behaviours from 30 If someone 31 something bad and gets away with it, others may do the same. But with rules, people know what they can and can’t do. Rules also help to avoid 32 problems. Since 2010, there 33 many traffic accidents in our country. They are really important in our lives. We should be aware that rules are important. And we should follow the rules 34 our world a better place. Passage5任务型阅读 What should you do if a big fire happens at home? There is not much time to think, people need to act quickly. The following rules will be helpful: Shout out If you smell smoke or see fire, shout out “fire”! Shout as loudly as you can to wake people up. Call 119 Never try to put out a fire by yourself, even if it is a very small one. Get help from your parents or call 119. Keep down close to the floor If there is a lot of smoke in your room, keep down close to the floor. There is less smoke down there. It is easier to breathe (呼吸) and see where you are going. Take a wet towel to protect yourself from the fire and smoke. Check the door Check the door before you open it. Touch it with the back of your hand. If the door is cool, open it carefully. If the door is hot, do not open it. Get out If you can, get out of your home as quickly as you can. Don’t stop to pick up anything. A fire can become very big in a few seconds. Don’t use the lift (电梯) Never use the lift during a fire. Always use the stairs (楼梯). A lift may stop at a floor where the fire is burning. It may also go wrong and keep you inside. Don’t go back Never go back into a building on fire. Even if you have left your pet or favourite toy inside, do not go back for it. 35．Why should you shout loudly if you smell smoke or see fire? 36．Can you open the door if it is very hot? 37．What should you use during the fire, the lift or the stairs? 38．What will you do if a big fire happens at home? (more than 25 words) 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $