Unit 4 Life is beautiful（知识清单）英语译林版新教材九年级上册

该初中英语单元知识清单全面覆盖“Life is beautiful”单元核心内容，包含词汇、短语、句型、语法（动词-ing与-ed用法）及写作模块，搭建从基础词汇变形到语法规则运用再到“有意义的生活”主题写作的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“对比表”“框架图”“助记口诀”系统呈现知识，如动词-ing与-ed形容词对比表明晰用法差异，写作模块提供核心短语、句型及范文，培养语言能力与思维品质。易错点标注“enjoy+doing”等固定搭配并附助记口诀，助力学生自主学习，教师可精准设计教学活动提升课堂实效。

Unit 4 Life is beautiful 词汇 1.exact adj.精确的；准确的—____________ adv.(答语)完全正确；准确地 2.used adj.用过的；旧的；二手的—____________ adj.未用过的 3.dig v.挖，掘，凿—(过去式和过去分词)____________—(现在分词)____________ 4.celebrate v.庆祝—____________n.庆祝；庆典 5.like prep.像—____________ prep.不像 6.bear v.结(果实),开(花);生(孩子)—(过去式)____________—(过去分词)____________ 7.attract v.吸引—____________ adj.吸引人的—____________ n.有吸引力的事 8.judge v.判断，认为—____________n.看法；意见；评价 9.hide v.隐藏—(过去式)__________—(过去分词)_________—________ adj.隐藏的，隐匿的 10.social adj.社会的；社交的—___________ n.社会 11.satisfy v.使满意；使满足—____________ adj.满意的—____________ adj.令人满意(或满足)的一____________ n.满足；满意 12.wife n.妻子一(复数)____________ 13.digital adj.数码的；数字式的—____________ v.使(信息)数字化 14.graduate v.(大学)毕业—____________ n.毕业 15.research n.研究—____________n.研究者 短语 1.______________________面对困难 2.______________________继续做；坚持干 3.______________________未使用的土地 4.______________________掘地；挖掘出 5.______________________几个 6.______________________结果实 7.______________________与……相比 8.______________________熬夜 9.______________________把某事记在心里 10.___________________________________在工作 11.______________________对……感到满意 12.______________________学习新事物 13.______________________休息一下 14.______________________占上风；取而代之；接管 句型 1 We can ____________ like bamboo till the hard time passes. 我们可以像竹子一样继续努力，直到困难的时刻过去。 2 "______ you all enjoy eating peanuts,let's make it a _________________." “既然你们都爱吃花生，就用它做块花生地吧。” 3 ______apples and peaches that ______________________ in the air and attract people with their beautiful colours,the peanut plant ______________________. 花生的果实埋在地里，不像苹果、桃子那样，把果实高高地挂在枝上，那美丽的颜色使人一见就生爱慕之心。 4 ___________________,you can't tell by looking at its thin stem_________________________. 你不能从它细细的茎上分辨出它是否结了果，必须挖出来才知道。 5 We ______________________that night and ate all the peanuts Mother had cooked for us. 我们那一晚谈到深夜才散，吃光了母亲做的所有花生。 语法 动词-ing的用法 动词-ed的用法 写作 有意义的生活 一、知识点精讲 1. example n.（名词）“例子, 范例, 榜样”，用法如下 ①派生词：exemplify v.“举例证明；是…的典范”exemplary adj.“典范的；可仿效的” ②常见搭配： （1）______________________例如 e.g. Many countries, for example, Mexico and Japan, have a lot of earthquakes. 例如，墨西哥和日本等许多国家都经常发生地震。 （2）______________________（为.......） 树立榜样 e.g. He set an example for the other students by working hard.他通过努力学习为其他同学树立了榜样。 （3）______________________效仿某人 e.g. We should follow his example and study hard.我们应该以他为榜样，努力学习。 2. self n.“自我；本来面目”，用法如下： ①作名词，可作主语、宾语或表语， e.g. I'm trying to find my true self.我正努力寻找真实的自我。 He lost himself in the music.他沉浸在音乐中。 ②常见搭配：self-confidence自信 self-control自控 self-esteem自尊 e.g. Developing self-confidence is the first step to achieving success. 培养自信是取得成功的第一步。 e.g. It takes great self-control to keep a healthy lifestyle. 保持健康的生活方式需要很强的自控力。 e.g. We should always respect others' self-esteem. 我们应该始终尊重他人的自尊。 3. unused adj.“未使用过的”，用法如下： ①核心词义：（1）未使用的，闲置的：指某物从未被使用过或目前不被使用 （2） 不习惯的，不熟悉的：指对某种情况或活动不熟悉（较少用） ②常见搭配：（1）___________________闲置土地 （2）___________________未利用资源 4. pity n.“遗憾”，用法如下： ①作___________名词，表示“怜悯，同情”： 【常用结构】______________________怜悯某人 e.g. She took pity on him and gave him some money.她同情他，给了他一些钱。 ②作____________名词，表示“可惜的事，憾事”： 【常用结构】（1）______________________遗憾的是…… e.g.It's a pity that you can't go with us!真遗憾你不能和我们一道去。 （2）______________________真可惜！ e.g.What a pity you missed the concert!你错过了音乐会，真可惜！ 5. dig vt.&vi. “挖；掘；凿；探究；戳；刺” ①过去式/过去分词：__________；现在分词：____________ ②常见固定搭配 dig a hole 挖洞 dig in 开始吃；投入工作 挖出 挖掘；翻找 dig for 寻找 dig into 深入研究 6. a couple of “几个；一对”，用法如下： ①后接___________复数，表示数量不多的几个， e.g.a couple of days几天，a couple of books几本书。 ②在口语中，也可表示“__________”， e.g.a couple of friends两个朋友。 7. celebration n.“庆祝；庆典”，用法如下： ①词性转换：动词形式为______________庆祝 ②常见搭配： （1）______________________举行庆祝活动 e.g.We will hold a celebration for our school's 70th anniversary next month. 我们下个月将为学校70周年校庆举行庆祝活动。 （2）______________________庆祝派对 e.g.We will hold a celebration party for our monitor's birthday this weekend. 这周末我们会为班长举办一场生日庆祝派对。 （3）______________________为庆祝…… e.g.They held a special party in celebration of their parents' 30th wedding anniversary. 他们举办了一场特别的派对，为庆祝父母结婚30周年。 8. unlike prep.“不像”，用法如下： ①作介词：用于对比人或事物的差异，后接名词、代词或动名词短语 （1）接名词：Unlike his brother, he is quite outgoing.不像他哥哥，他非常外向。 （2）接代词：She is very unlike her in terms of personality.在性格方面，她和她大不相同。 （3）接动名词短语：Unlike staying at home, traveling can broaden our horizons. 和待在家里不同，旅行能拓宽我们的视野。 ②易混淆词辨析unlike vs dislike： unlike是介词，表“不同；不像”； dislike是动词/名词，表“不喜欢；厌恶” 9. bear vt.“结（果实）；开（花）；生（孩子）”，用法如下： ①表示“结（果实）；开（花）”时，主语通常是植物，常见搭配为“____________”。 e.g.The apple tree bears a lot of fruit every autumn.这棵苹果树每年秋天结很多果实。 This kind of flower bears beautiful blossoms in spring.这种花在春天开出美丽的花朵。 ②表示“生（孩子）”时，主语通常是人或动物，常见搭配为“________________”。 e.g.She bore a healthy baby boy last week.她上周生下了一个健康的男婴。 The panda bore two cubs in the zoo.这只熊猫在动物园里生下了两只幼崽。 ③作为及物动词，'bear'还有其他常见用法： 常见搭配为“____________________”。 e.g.I can't bear the noise.（我无法忍受这种噪音。） bear的过去式为________，过去分词_________用于表示出生 e.g.She was born in 1990.她出生于1990年。 10. compare vt.“比较；对比”，用法如下： ①其过去式和过去分词为________,现在分词为__________,名词形式为___________,意为“比较；对比”。 ②常用结构：（1）把......与......比较 ____________________（常用于同类事物之间的比较） e.g.Compare this new phone with the old one, and you'll see which is better. （2）把......比作......___________________（常用于异类事物之间的比较或比喻） e.g.The poet compared the woman's eyes to stars in the sky. 11. ____________________“对某人抱有某种期望”，用法如下： ①核心含义：表示对某人有具体的期望、要求或标准，强调对方需要达到的目标或具备的品质。 ②结构解析：expect是及物动词，sth.是期望的具体内容（可以是行为、品质、成就等），of用于引出期望的对象sb. ③复习：______________________期望某人做某事 12. hidden adj.“隐藏的；隐匿的”，用法如下： ①核心含义与词源： hidden是____________的过去分词形式，用作形容词时表示“隐藏的、隐匿的”，强调某物被有意或无意地遮挡，不被轻易发现。 ②语法特征与词性转换： （1）作为形容词，hidden可作定语或表语， e.g. hidden treasure隐藏的宝藏 The truth is hidden from us真相被隐瞒 （2）作为动词hide的过去分词，可用于被动语态或完成时态， e.g.The spy was hidden in the attic间谍藏在阁楼上 She has hidden her feelings for years她多年来一直隐藏自己的感情 ③常见搭配与短语：________________隐含意义 13. society n.“社会”，用法如下： ①作“社会”解时，泛指人类群体，为不可数名词，前面不加冠词；特指某一社会时为可数名词 ②衍生词：__________社会的、sociology社会学、socialism社会主义 14. helpfulness n.“乐于助人”，用法如下： ①基本释义：乐于助人，有益，有帮助的性质或状态 ②用法说明：作为不可数名词，通常用于描述人的品质或行为的有益性 ③词源追溯：源自helpful（有帮助的）+ -ness（名词后缀，表示性质或状态） 15. purpose n.“重要的意义；目的；意图”，用法如下： ①常用搭配： （1）___________________故意地；有意地 e.g.I think he did that on purpose to annoy me. 意为“故意地、有意地”，在句中作状语，用于说明动作是行为人主观有意为之，符合例句语境。 （2）____________________为了……目的 e.g.The research was conducted for the purpose of finding a cure. （3）____________________的目的 e.g. The purpose of this meeting is to discuss our quarterly sales targets. ②近义词辨析： purpose 指心中怀着的目标，强调实现目标的决心 aim 指比较具体而明确的目标，但常指短期目标 goal 指经过考虑和选择，需经坚持不懈的努力奋斗才能达到的最终目标 16. satisfied adj. 满意的 •_____________ v. 使满意 •______________ n. 满足 【常用结构】对…… 感到满意______________________ e.g. 1. My parents are satisfied with my progress in the English exam. 我的父母对我在英语考试中取得的进步感到满意。 2. The customers are very satisfied with the service of this restaurant. 顾客们对这家餐厅的服务非常满意。 3. Our teacher was satisfied with our performance in the speech contest. 我们的老师对我们在演讲比赛中的表现感到满意。 17. devote v.“献身；致力；专心”，用法如下： ①常用固定搭配： （1）______________________致力于某事/做某事 e.g.He devoted himself to helping the poor.他致力于帮助穷人。 （2）______________________热爱某事/某人；致力于某事 e.g.She is devoted to her family.她深爱自己的家人。 ②派生词：（1）____________adj. 忠诚的；挚爱的；全心全意的 e.g.a devoted friend一位忠诚的朋友 （2）____________n. 奉献；忠诚；热爱 e.g.her devotion to her children她对孩子们的热爱 18. house vt. 收藏，安置 【常用结构】 （1） 珍藏宝物 ______________________ e.g.The museum houses many old treasures.这座博物馆珍藏诸多古文物。 （2） 妥善安置 e.g.The relics are housed safely indoors.文物被妥善安置在室内。 19. graduate vi. & vt. (大学) 毕业 •_____________ n. 毕业 【常用结构】 （1） 从…… 毕业 ______________________ e.g.I graduated from this university.我从这所大学毕业。 （2） 毕业于某专业 ______________________ e.g.He graduates in English. 他主修英语专业毕业。 20. serve vt. 能满足… 的需要 vt. & vi. 服务；提供 •___________ n.服务 【常用结构】 （1） 充当；担任______________________ e.g.He serves as our class monitor.他担任我们的班长。 （2） 接待顾客______________________ e.g.The shop assistant serves customers politely.店员礼貌地接待顾客。 二、核心语法精讲 动词-ing与动词-ed用法 一、语法概述 本单元重点学习动词-ing与动词-ed两种非谓语形式的核心用法。动词-ing形式分为动名词与现在分词两类：动名词具备名词属性，可在句中充当主语、宾语；现在分词具备形容词属性，可充当定语、表语、宾语补足语，还可与be动词搭配构成进行时态。动词-ed形式(过去分词)可活用为形容词，在句中作定语、表语，描述人的主观感受或事物的状态。 二、核心用法详解 (一)动词-ing用法 动词-ing形式可承担多种句法功能，是初中非谓语语法的核心板块： 句法功能 核心用法要点 例句 作主语 1.置于句首充当主语，表泛指、抽象的动作或概念，谓语动词用第三人称单数。 2.可与it作形式主语的句型同义转换，doing sth.+be+名词/形容词=It+be+名词/形容词+to do sth. Learning how to eat healthily is quite important. =It is quite important to learn how to eat healthily. 作宾语 1.作及物动词宾语，中考高频搭配：enjoy,mind,finish,practice,suggest等。 2.作介词宾语，常见搭配：thank sb. for,be good at,be for/against,spend...(in)doing等。 Ryan loves baking. Do you mind showing me how to use the app? Thank you for inviting me to your birthday party. 作定语 1.前置定语：置于名词前，表事物的用途，意为“用于……的”。 2.后置定语：置于名词后，表动作正在进行。 You can use a cleaning machine for help. Amy thinks honesty is an amazing quality. Do you know the boy running in the rain? 作表语 1.位于系动词后，说明主语的内容、身份或性质。 2.部分动词-ing已完全形容词化，可直接表事物特征。 Her favourite free-time activity is gardening. Her hobby is collecting stamps. The story is interesting. 作宾语补足语 中考感官动词必考考点，常用于hear,see,watch,catch,feel,notice等动词后，强调动作正在进行。 When I walked past his house,I heard him playing the piano. Did you notice somebody knocking at the door just now? 构成进行时态 与be动词连用构成各种进行时态，作句子谓语，结构：be+动词-ing。 I am cleaning the room now.(现在进行时) They were playing football when it started to rain.(过去进行时) (2) 动词-ed用法 动词-ed形式(过去分词)可活用为形容词，在句中作定语或表语，多描述人的主观感受，带有被动含义。 句法功能 核心用法要点 例句 作定语 1.多置于名词前，修饰人或人的表情、声音、神态等。 2.表“感到……的”,体现人的主观状态。 The stranger had a surprised look on his face and went away.这个陌生人面露惊讶的神色，走开了。 There was a frightened look in her eyes. 她眼中流露出恐惧的神情。 作表语 位于系动词(be,feel,get,become等)之后，可描述人的主观感受，也可说明事物所处的被动状态。 The washing machine is broken.这台洗衣机坏了。(表事物状态) Are you satisfied with the robot?你对这个机器人满意吗?(表人的感受) （三）-ing结尾的形容词和-ed结尾的形容词辨析 -ing结尾的形容词 表主动含义，描述事物本身的性质特征，意为“令人……的”,通常修饰事/物。 -ed结尾的形容词 表被动含义，描述人的主观感受，意为“感到……的”,通常修饰人。 常见对应词对照表： 动词原形 -ed形容词(感到……的) -ing形容词(令人……的) interest使感兴趣 interested感兴趣的 interesting有趣的 excite使兴奋 excited兴奋的 exciting令人兴奋的 bore使厌烦 bored厌倦的 boring令人厌倦的 tire使疲劳 tired疲劳的 tiring令人疲劳的 surprise使惊讶 surprised惊讶的 surprising令人惊讶的 amaze使惊奇 amazed惊奇的 amazing令人惊奇的 satisfy使满意 satisfied满意的 satisfying令人满意的 worry使担心 worried担心的 worrying令人担心的 disappoint使失望 disappointed失望的 disappointing令人失望的 relax使放松 relaxed感到放松的 relaxing令人放松的 frighten使害怕 frightened感到害怕的 frightening令人害怕的 confuse使困惑 confused感到困惑的 confusing令人困惑的 embarrass使尴尬 embarrassed感到尴尬的 embarrassing令人尴尬的 annoy使恼怒 annoyed感到恼怒的 annoying令人恼怒的 encourage鼓励，使鼓舞 encouraged受鼓舞的 encouraging鼓舞人心的 inspire鼓舞，启发 inspired受启发的；受鼓舞的 inspiring鼓舞人心的 move使感动 moved受感动的 moving令人感动的 touch触动，使感动 touched受触动的 touching触动人心的 puzzle使疑惑 puzzled感到疑惑的 puzzling令人疑惑的 【中考易错】 (1)当强调人本身具有令他人产生某种感受的特质时，人也可用-ing形容词修饰，意为“此人让人觉得……的”。这是中考单选高频易错题，切勿机械套用“人用-ed”的规则。 ▶He is an interesting person and always brings us a lot of fun. 他是个很有趣的人，总给我们带来很多欢乐。 ▶My teacher is inspiring.我的老师很鼓舞人心。 ▶The boy is so boring that no one wants to play with him. 这个男孩太无趣了，没人愿意和他玩。 (2)当修饰expression(表情)、look(神色)、voice(声音)、smile(笑容)等与人的感受直接相关的事物名词时，也可用-ed形容词作定语，体现人产生该感受后的外在表现。 ▶A surprised expression appeared on his face.他脸上露出了惊讶的神情。 ▶She shouted in an excited voice when she got the prize.她获奖时激动地喊了出来。 ▶There was a worried look on her mother's face.她妈妈脸上满是担忧的神色。 三、单元写作清单 如何写与有意义的生活相关的文章 1. 话题分析 本单元以“生活是美好的”为话题，介绍了不同的人对社会所做的贡献、如何过有意义的生活等，旨在帮助我们树立人生目标，提升自我。与此相关的写作通常涉及以下几个方面：①介绍对自己影响最大的人；②描写一位榜样人物；③通过某件事表达自己对人生的感悟。 在介绍对自己影响最大的人时，通常先介绍他/她的基本情况，然后介绍他/她做了什么事情，最后表达他/她如何影响自己或给自己带来的启迪。 2. 写作框架 3. 写作素材 【核心短语】 人物品质类 1.make a difference 产生影响；发挥作用 2.devote oneself to (doing) sth 致力于做某事 3.give up 放弃 4.keep on doing sth 坚持做某事 5.set a good example to us 给我们树立好榜样 6.be full of love and courage 充满爱与勇气 7.face difficulties bravely 勇敢面对困难 8.never give up in the face of trouble 面对困境永不放弃 人生感悟 & 有意义生活类 1.live a meaningful life 过有意义的生活 2.achieve one’s dream 实现某人的梦想 3.try one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事 4.learn a valuable lesson 得到宝贵的启示 5.make our world better 让我们的世界更美好 6.play an important role in… 在…… 中起重要作用 7.realize the value of life 认识生命的价值 影响启迪类 1.have a great influence on me 对我有很大影响 2.encourage me to do sth 鼓励我去做某事 3.teach me how to… 教会我如何…… 4.inspire me to move forward 激励我奋勇向前 【常用句型】 开头（引出榜样 / 话题） 1.If we want to live a meaningful life, we need to learn from great people. 如果我们想过有意义的生活，我们需要向伟大的人学习。 2.The person who has the greatest influence on me is ________. 对我影响最大的人是……（定语从句） 3.Everyone wonders what a meaningful life really means. 每个人都想知道有意义的生活究竟意味着什么。（宾语从句） 中间（介绍人物事迹） 1.He/She devotes most of his/her time to helping people in need. 他/她把大部分时间致力于帮助有需要的人。 2.Although he/she met lots of difficulties, he/she never gave up. 尽管他/她遇到很多困难，但从未放弃。（让步状语从句） 3.What he did moved many people around the country. 他所做的事情感动了全国很多人。（主语从句） 结尾（谈启发、感悟，升华主题） 1.That is why he sets a good example to me. 这就是为什么他给我树立了一个好榜样。（表语从句） 2.I have learned that life’s value lies in helping others. 我懂得了生命的价值在于帮助他人。（宾语从句） 3.I will try my best to do something good so that I can live a meaningful life. 我会尽我所能做善事，这样我就能过有意义的生活。（sothat 目的状语从句） 4.Even small things can make a difference if we put our heart into them. 如果我们用心去做，小事也能发挥大作用。（条件状语从句） 4. 范文背诵 Live a Meaningful Life Everyone wonders what a meaningful life really means. For me, the person who has the greatest influence on me is Zhang Guimei. She is a great teacher. She devotes all her life to helping poor girls get education. Although she met many hard problems, she kept on working and never gave up. She set up a free high school for girls. Thanks to her efforts, thousands of girls realized their dreams. What she does teaches me a valuable lesson. I have learned that the value of life is not only about ourselves. We can make a difference when we try to help others. I will learn from her. I plan to work hard and do small good things in daily life so that I can also live a meaningful life in the future. 【译文】 过有意义的生活 每个人都想知道，真正有意义的生活究竟是什么。对我来说，对我影响最大的人是张桂梅。 她是一位伟大的老师。她毕生致力于帮助贫困女孩获得教育。尽管她遇到许许多多艰难的问题，她始终坚持，从不放弃。她为女孩们创办了一所免费高中。多亏了她的努力，成千上万的女孩实现了梦想。 她所做的一切给了我宝贵的启示。我懂得了生命的价值不只是关乎我们自己。当我们尽力帮助他人，我们就能创造价值。我会向她学习。我打算努力学习，在日常生活中做力所能及的善事，将来也过上有意义的生活。 易错点01 verb‑ing 用法辨析 【助记口诀】动名词可作主语、宾语；see/hear/watch后接doing表看见正在发生；‑ing形容词修饰事物 【错因辨析】 1. 动词作主语/宾语，必须用doing，不能用动词原形 例：✘Live well means find your purpose. ✔Living well means finding your purpose. 2. see sb doing 看见某人正在做；see sb do看见全过程 3. ‑ing形容词：描述事物本身特征（exciting令人激动的） 【对点训练】 1. ________(enjoy) yourself is also important in our life. 2. The story is very ________(amaze). 易错点02 固定搭配：imagine / enjoy / involve + doing 【助记口诀】想象、享受、涉及，后面全部加doing 【错因辨析】 imagine doing 想象做某事；enjoy doing喜欢做；involve doing 包含、需要做某事 易错：imagine to do（错误，无此用法） 例：I imagine myself being just like her. 【对点训练】 1. He enjoys ________(work) as a dentist. 2. I can’t imagine ________(live) in such a poor place. 一、根据句意及所给的汉语提示或首字母写出单词 1.The__________(仙人掌)stands tough in the dry desert,with sharp spines instead of leaves to save water. 2.The__________(莲花)bloom beautifully in the quiet pond in summer,their pink petals standing above the green leaves. 3.In order to discover your true_________(自我),you need to face your strengths and weaknesses bravely. 4.Doctors and nurses stick to their posts in t_________conditions,working day and night to treat patients.They press on despite being tired and afraid,giving hope to people who need it most. 5.The thoughtful note on my desk r___________me to manage my time wisely and stay positive when facing life's challenges. 6.The c _________that you show in front of others will make you braver and help you make more friends who truly understand and support you. 7.Chinese New Year is a__________(庆祝)marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. 8.Very excited,the group____________(挖)a hole two feet deep.They finally found a small gold coin,though it was nearly worthless. 9.The discovery of___________(石油)brought many benefits to the town. 10.It was a__________(遗憾)that the research team failed to find such a plant that was described in the botanist's diary. 11.She_________(生孩子)a son and named him after his father. 12.It's convenient to__________(比较)quality and prices across different online shops before buying. 13.Any u__________goods can be returned to the shop. 14.Mark is very mean,so don't always e _________him to be friendly. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.During the Spring Festival,Chinese people take part in all kinds of_____________(celebrate), spending happy time with family,sharing delicious food and expressing best wishes to each other. 2.Batteries which are_________(use)for a longtime may have to be recharged. 3.What makes a city________(attractive)is that it provides much convenience and entertainment. 4.__________(like)other students who give up easily,he keeps trying and never loses heart.His strong will makes him stand out and achieve better grades in his studies. 5.They followed our________(suggest)and chose the same restaurant where we usually celebrate birthdays. 6.Recently,I found a note that my mum had left me,one that had remained________(hide)for years. 三、单项填空 （ ）1.Our school life is more interesting now _______we can enjoy ourselves in different clubs. A.because B.whether C.unless D.although （ ）2.Life is just like farming.You harvest_____you put in the soil. A. when B.who C.what D.where ( )3.—I don't know what to wear to the speech competition.What do you______? —What about yellow?It is the colour of wisdom. A. expect B.express C.suggest D.support （ ）4.—Noah,please don't tell anyone what I’ve just told you. 一______.Your secret is safe with me. A.My pleasure B.You have my word C.Let's call it a day D.You've made my day （ ）5.It isn't wise to_____one's weakness____others' strength. A.mix;with B.prefer;to C.compare;to D.compare;with （ ）6.In many families,parents expect their first-born child_____ A.look after B.to look after C.looking after D.looked after （ ）7.I like the Chinese saying—A thousand-mile journey begins with the first______. A.question B.accident C.step D.leap （ ）8.—Shall we recommend Angela to lead our birdwatching project? 一_____.She knows animals very well. A.Don't lose heart B.No idea about it C.Don't mention it D.No doubt about it 四、完形填空 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Charlie entered the shop and laid a wet 50-pence on the counter. “One Wonka’s Whipple-Scrumptious Fudgemallow Delight,” he said, ____1____ how much he had loved the one he had on his birthday. The man behind the counter looked fat and well-fed. He reached behind him for the chocolate bar, and handed it to Charlie. Charlie ____2____ tore (撕) off the wrapper and couldn’t wait to take a huge bite. Then he took another...and another...an oh, the joy of being able to eat large pieces of something sweet and solid into one’s mouth! “You look like you wanted that one, sonny,” the shopkeeper said ____3____. Charlie nodded, with his mouth full of chocolate. The shopkeeper put Charlie’s ____4____ on the counter. “Take it easy,” he said. “It’ll give you stomachache if you eat it like that without chewing.” Charlie went on with the chocolate. And in less than half a minute, the whole thing had ____5____ down his throat. He was quite out of breath, ____6____ he felt extraordinarily happy. He reached out to take the change but stopped. “I think,” he said quietly, “I think...I’ll have just ____7____ more of those chocolate bars. The same kind as before, please.” “Why not?” the fat shopkeeper said, reaching ____8____ him again and taking another Whipple-Scrumptious Fudgemallow Delight from the shelf. He laid it on the counter. Charlie ____9____ it up and tore off the wrapper...and suddenly...from under the wrapper....there came the brilliant flash of gold. Charlie’s heart stood still. “It’s a Golden Ticket!” screamed the shopkeeper, leaping about a foot in the air. “You’ve got a Golden Ticket! You’ve found the last Golden Ticket! Hey, would you ____10____ it! Come and look at this, everybody! The kid’s found Wonka’s last Golden-Ticket! There it is! Right there in his hands!” 1. A. remembering B. forgetting C. impressing D. discovering 2. A. simply B. quietly C. slowly D. quickly 3. A. rudely B. angrily C. pleasantly D. impatiently 4. A. gold B. change C. ticket D. chocolate 5. A. jumped B. turned C. broken D. disappeared 6. A. so B. though C. but D. unless 7. A. one B. two C. three D. many 8. A. above B. over C. beside D. behind 9. A. gave B. held C. picked D. turned 10. A. miss B. believe C. spread D. regret 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Life is beautiful 词汇 1.exact adj.精确的；准确的—exactly adv.(答语)完全正确；准确地 2.used adj.用过的；旧的；二手的—unused adj.未用过的 3.dig v.挖，掘，凿—(过去式和过去分词)dug—(现在分词)digging 4.celebrate v.庆祝—celebration n.庆祝；庆典 5.like prep.像—unlike prep.不像 6.bear v.结(果实),开(花);生(孩子)—(过去式)bore—(过去分词)borne 7.attract v.吸引—attractive adj.吸引人的—attraction n.有吸引力的事 8.judge v.判断，认为—judgement n.看法；意见；评价 9.hide v.隐藏—(过去式)hid—(过去分词)hidden—hidden adj.隐藏的，隐匿的 10.social adj.社会的；社交的—society n.社会 11.satisfy v.使满意；使满足—satisfied adj.满意的—satisfying adj.令人满意(或满足)的一satisfaction n.满足；满意 12.wife n.妻子一(复数)wives 13.digital adj.数码的；数字式的—digitalize v.使(信息)数字化 14.graduate v.(大学)毕业—graduation n.毕业 15.research n.研究—researcher n.研究者 短语 1.face difficulties面对困难 2.carry on继续做；坚持干 3.unused land未使用的土地 4.dig up掘地；挖掘出 5.a couple of几个 6.bear fruit结果实 7.compare with与……相比 8.stay up熬夜 9.keep sth in mind把某事记在心里 10.keep a balance between work and play在工作 11.be satisfied with对……感到满意 12.learn new things学习新事物 13.take a break休息一下 14.take over占上风；取而代之；接管 句型 1 We can carry on like bamboo till the hard time passes. 我们可以像竹子一样继续努力，直到困难的时刻过去。 2 "Since you all enjoy eating peanuts,let's make it a peanut field." “既然你们都爱吃花生，就用它做块花生地吧。” 3 Unlike apples and peaches that show their fruits in the air and attract people with their beautiful colours,the peanut plant hides its fruits in the earth. 花生的果实埋在地里，不像苹果、桃子那样，把果实高高地挂在枝上，那美丽的颜色使人一见就生爱慕之心。 4 Until you dig it out,you can't tell by looking at its thin stem whether it bears fruits or not. 你不能从它细细的茎上分辨出它是否结了果，必须挖出来才知道。 5 We stayed up late that night and ate all the peanuts Mother had cooked for us. 我们那一晚谈到深夜才散，吃光了母亲做的所有花生。 语法 动词-ing的用法 动词-ed的用法 写作 有意义的生活 一、知识点精讲 1. example n.（名词）“例子, 范例, 榜样”，用法如下 ①派生词：exemplify v.“举例证明；是…的典范”exemplary adj.“典范的；可仿效的” ②常见搭配： （1）for example例如 e.g. Many countries, for example, Mexico and Japan, have a lot of earthquakes. 例如，墨西哥和日本等许多国家都经常发生地震。 （2）set an example (for sb)（为.......） 树立榜样 e.g. He set an example for the other students by working hard.他通过努力学习为其他同学树立了榜样。 （3）follow one's example效仿某人 e.g. We should follow his example and study hard.我们应该以他为榜样，努力学习。 2. self n.“自我；本来面目”，用法如下： ①作名词，可作主语、宾语或表语， e.g. I'm trying to find my true self.我正努力寻找真实的自我。 He lost himself in the music.他沉浸在音乐中。 ②常见搭配：self-confidence自信 self-control自控 self-esteem自尊 e.g. Developing self-confidence is the first step to achieving success. 培养自信是取得成功的第一步。 e.g. It takes great self-control to keep a healthy lifestyle. 保持健康的生活方式需要很强的自控力。 e.g. We should always respect others' self-esteem. 我们应该始终尊重他人的自尊。 3. unused adj.“未使用过的”，用法如下： ①核心词义：（1）未使用的，闲置的：指某物从未被使用过或目前不被使用 （2） 不习惯的，不熟悉的：指对某种情况或活动不熟悉（较少用） ②常见搭配：（1）unused land闲置土地 （2）unused resources未利用资源 4. pity n.“遗憾”，用法如下： ①作不可数名词，表示“怜悯，同情”： 【常用结构】take pity on sb怜悯某人 e.g. She took pity on him and gave him some money.她同情他，给了他一些钱。 ②作可数名词，表示“可惜的事，憾事”： 【常用结构】（1）It's a pity that...遗憾的是…… e.g.It's a pity that you can't go with us!真遗憾你不能和我们一道去。 （2）What a pity!真可惜！ e.g.What a pity you missed the concert!你错过了音乐会，真可惜！ 5. dig vt.&vi. “挖；掘；凿；探究；戳；刺” ①过去式/过去分词：dug；现在分词：digging ②常见固定搭配 dig a hole 挖洞 dig in 开始吃；投入工作 dig out 挖出 dig up 挖掘；翻找 dig for 寻找 dig into 深入研究 6. a couple of “几个；一对”，用法如下： ①后接可数名词复数，表示数量不多的几个， e.g.a couple of days几天，a couple of books几本书。 ②在口语中，也可表示“两个”， e.g.a couple of friends两个朋友。 7. celebration n.“庆祝；庆典”，用法如下： ①词性转换：动词形式为celebrate庆祝 ②常见搭配： （1）hold a celebration举行庆祝活动 e.g.We will hold a celebration for our school's 70th anniversary next month. 我们下个月将为学校70周年校庆举行庆祝活动。 （2）celebration party庆祝派对 e.g.We will hold a celebration party for our monitor's birthday this weekend. 这周末我们会为班长举办一场生日庆祝派对。 （3）in celebration of为庆祝…… e.g.They held a special party in celebration of their parents' 30th wedding anniversary. 他们举办了一场特别的派对，为庆祝父母结婚30周年。 8. unlike prep.“不像”，用法如下： ①作介词：用于对比人或事物的差异，后接名词、代词或动名词短语 （1）接名词：Unlike his brother, he is quite outgoing.不像他哥哥，他非常外向。 （2）接代词：She is very unlike her in terms of personality.在性格方面，她和她大不相同。 （3）接动名词短语：Unlike staying at home, traveling can broaden our horizons. 和待在家里不同，旅行能拓宽我们的视野。 ②易混淆词辨析unlike vs dislike： unlike是介词，表“不同；不像”； dislike是动词/名词，表“不喜欢；厌恶” 9. bear vt.“结（果实）；开（花）；生（孩子）”，用法如下： ①表示“结（果实）；开（花）”时，主语通常是植物，常见搭配为“bear fruit”。 e.g.The apple tree bears a lot of fruit every autumn.这棵苹果树每年秋天结很多果实。 This kind of flower bears beautiful blossoms in spring.这种花在春天开出美丽的花朵。 ②表示“生（孩子）”时，主语通常是人或动物，常见搭配为“bear a child/cubs”。 e.g.She bore a healthy baby boy last week.她上周生下了一个健康的男婴。 The panda bore two cubs in the zoo.这只熊猫在动物园里生下了两只幼崽。 ③作为及物动词，'bear'还有其他常见用法： 常见搭配为“bear sth/doing sth”。 e.g.I can't bear the noise.（我无法忍受这种噪音。） bear的过去式为bore，过去分词born用于表示出生 e.g.She was born in 1990.她出生于1990年。 10. compare vt.“比较；对比”，用法如下： ①其过去式和过去分词为compared,现在分词为comparing,名词形式为comparison,意为“比较；对比”。 ②常用结构：（1）把......与......比较 compare...with...（常用于同类事物之间的比较） e.g.Compare this new phone with the old one, and you'll see which is better. （2）把......比作......compare...to...（常用于异类事物之间的比较或比喻） e.g.The poet compared the woman's eyes to stars in the sky. 11. expect sth. of sb.“对某人抱有某种期望”，用法如下： ①核心含义：表示对某人有具体的期望、要求或标准，强调对方需要达到的目标或具备的品质。 ②结构解析：expect是及物动词，sth.是期望的具体内容（可以是行为、品质、成就等），of用于引出期望的对象sb. ③复习：expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事 12. hidden adj.“隐藏的；隐匿的”，用法如下： ①核心含义与词源： hidden是hide的过去分词形式，用作形容词时表示“隐藏的、隐匿的”，强调某物被有意或无意地遮挡，不被轻易发现。 ②语法特征与词性转换： （1）作为形容词，hidden可作定语或表语， e.g. hidden treasure隐藏的宝藏 The truth is hidden from us真相被隐瞒 （2）作为动词hide的过去分词，可用于被动语态或完成时态， e.g.The spy was hidden in the attic间谍藏在阁楼上 She has hidden her feelings for years她多年来一直隐藏自己的感情 ③常见搭配与短语：hidden meaning隐含意义 13. society n.“社会”，用法如下： ①作“社会”解时，泛指人类群体，为不可数名词，前面不加冠词；特指某一社会时为可数名词 ②衍生词：social社会的、sociology社会学、socialism社会主义 14. helpfulness n.“乐于助人”，用法如下： ①基本释义：乐于助人，有益，有帮助的性质或状态 ②用法说明：作为不可数名词，通常用于描述人的品质或行为的有益性 ③词源追溯：源自helpful（有帮助的）+ -ness（名词后缀，表示性质或状态） 15. purpose n.“重要的意义；目的；意图”，用法如下： ①常用搭配： （1）on purpose故意地；有意地 e.g.I think he did that on purpose to annoy me. 意为“故意地、有意地”，在句中作状语，用于说明动作是行为人主观有意为之，符合例句语境。 （2）for the purpose of为了……目的 e.g.The research was conducted for the purpose of finding a cure. （3）the purpose of的目的 e.g. The purpose of this meeting is to discuss our quarterly sales targets. ②近义词辨析： purpose 指心中怀着的目标，强调实现目标的决心 aim 指比较具体而明确的目标，但常指短期目标 goal 指经过考虑和选择，需经坚持不懈的努力奋斗才能达到的最终目标 16. satisfied adj. 满意的 •satisfy v. 使满意 •satisfaction n. 满足 【常用结构】对…… 感到满意be satisfied with e.g. 1. My parents are satisfied with my progress in the English exam. 我的父母对我在英语考试中取得的进步感到满意。 2. The customers are very satisfied with the service of this restaurant. 顾客们对这家餐厅的服务非常满意。 3. Our teacher was satisfied with our performance in the speech contest. 我们的老师对我们在演讲比赛中的表现感到满意。 17. devote v.“献身；致力；专心”，用法如下： ①常用固定搭配： （1）devote oneself to (doing) sth致力于某事/做某事 e.g.He devoted himself to helping the poor.他致力于帮助穷人。 （2）be devoted to (doing) sth热爱某事/某人；致力于某事 e.g.She is devoted to her family.她深爱自己的家人。 ②派生词：（1）devoted adj. 忠诚的；挚爱的；全心全意的 e.g.a devoted friend一位忠诚的朋友 （2）devotion n. 奉献；忠诚；热爱 e.g.her devotion to her children她对孩子们的热爱 18. house vt. 收藏，安置 【常用结构】 （1） 珍藏宝物 house treasures e.g.The museum houses many old treasures.这座博物馆珍藏诸多古文物。 （2） 妥善安置 e.g.The relics are housed safely indoors.文物被妥善安置在室内。 19. graduate vi. & vt. (大学) 毕业 •graduation n. 毕业 【常用结构】 （1） 从…… 毕业 graduate from e.g.I graduated from this university.我从这所大学毕业。 （2） 毕业于某专业 graduate in e.g.He graduates in English. 他主修英语专业毕业。 20. serve vt. 能满足… 的需要 vt. & vi. 服务；提供 •service n.服务 【常用结构】 （1） 充当；担任 serve as e.g.He serves as our class monitor.他担任我们的班长。 （2） 接待顾客serve customers e.g.The shop assistant serves customers politely.店员礼貌地接待顾客。 二、核心语法精讲 动词-ing与动词-ed用法 一、语法概述 本单元重点学习动词-ing与动词-ed两种非谓语形式的核心用法。动词-ing形式分为动名词与现在分词两类：动名词具备名词属性，可在句中充当主语、宾语；现在分词具备形容词属性，可充当定语、表语、宾语补足语，还可与be动词搭配构成进行时态。动词-ed形式(过去分词)可活用为形容词，在句中作定语、表语，描述人的主观感受或事物的状态。 二、核心用法详解 (一)动词-ing用法 动词-ing形式可承担多种句法功能，是初中非谓语语法的核心板块： 句法功能 核心用法要点 例句 作主语 1.置于句首充当主语，表泛指、抽象的动作或概念，谓语动词用第三人称单数。 2.可与it作形式主语的句型同义转换，doing sth.+be+名词/形容词=It+be+名词/形容词+to do sth. Learning how to eat healthily is quite important. =It is quite important to learn how to eat healthily. 作宾语 1.作及物动词宾语，中考高频搭配：enjoy,mind,finish,practice,suggest等。 2.作介词宾语，常见搭配：thank sb. for,be good at,be for/against,spend...(in)doing等。 Ryan loves baking. Do you mind showing me how to use the app? Thank you for inviting me to your birthday party. 作定语 1.前置定语：置于名词前，表事物的用途，意为“用于……的”。 2.后置定语：置于名词后，表动作正在进行。 You can use a cleaning machine for help. Amy thinks honesty is an amazing quality. Do you know the boy running in the rain? 作表语 1.位于系动词后，说明主语的内容、身份或性质。 2.部分动词-ing已完全形容词化，可直接表事物特征。 Her favourite free-time activity is gardening. Her hobby is collecting stamps. The story is interesting. 作宾语补足语 中考感官动词必考考点，常用于hear,see,watch,catch,feel,notice等动词后，强调动作正在进行。 When I walked past his house,I heard him playing the piano. Did you notice somebody knocking at the door just now? 构成进行时态 与be动词连用构成各种进行时态，作句子谓语，结构：be+动词-ing。 I am cleaning the room now.(现在进行时) They were playing football when it started to rain.(过去进行时) (2) 动词-ed用法 动词-ed形式(过去分词)可活用为形容词，在句中作定语或表语，多描述人的主观感受，带有被动含义。 句法功能 核心用法要点 例句 作定语 1.多置于名词前，修饰人或人的表情、声音、神态等。 2.表“感到……的”,体现人的主观状态。 The stranger had a surprised look on his face and went away.这个陌生人面露惊讶的神色，走开了。 There was a frightened look in her eyes. 她眼中流露出恐惧的神情。 作表语 位于系动词(be,feel,get,become等)之后，可描述人的主观感受，也可说明事物所处的被动状态。 The washing machine is broken.这台洗衣机坏了。(表事物状态) Are you satisfied with the robot?你对这个机器人满意吗?(表人的感受) （三）-ing结尾的形容词和-ed结尾的形容词辨析 -ing结尾的形容词 表主动含义，描述事物本身的性质特征，意为“令人……的”,通常修饰事/物。 -ed结尾的形容词 表被动含义，描述人的主观感受，意为“感到……的”,通常修饰人。 常见对应词对照表： 动词原形 -ed形容词(感到……的) -ing形容词(令人……的) interest使感兴趣 interested感兴趣的 interesting有趣的 excite使兴奋 excited兴奋的 exciting令人兴奋的 bore使厌烦 bored厌倦的 boring令人厌倦的 tire使疲劳 tired疲劳的 tiring令人疲劳的 surprise使惊讶 surprised惊讶的 surprising令人惊讶的 amaze使惊奇 amazed惊奇的 amazing令人惊奇的 satisfy使满意 satisfied满意的 satisfying令人满意的 worry使担心 worried担心的 worrying令人担心的 disappoint使失望 disappointed失望的 disappointing令人失望的 relax使放松 relaxed感到放松的 relaxing令人放松的 frighten使害怕 frightened感到害怕的 frightening令人害怕的 confuse使困惑 confused感到困惑的 confusing令人困惑的 embarrass使尴尬 embarrassed感到尴尬的 embarrassing令人尴尬的 annoy使恼怒 annoyed感到恼怒的 annoying令人恼怒的 encourage鼓励，使鼓舞 encouraged受鼓舞的 encouraging鼓舞人心的 inspire鼓舞，启发 inspired受启发的；受鼓舞的 inspiring鼓舞人心的 move使感动 moved受感动的 moving令人感动的 touch触动，使感动 touched受触动的 touching触动人心的 puzzle使疑惑 puzzled感到疑惑的 puzzling令人疑惑的 【中考易错】 (1)当强调人本身具有令他人产生某种感受的特质时，人也可用-ing形容词修饰，意为“此人让人觉得……的”。这是中考单选高频易错题，切勿机械套用“人用-ed”的规则。 ▶He is an interesting person and always brings us a lot of fun. 他是个很有趣的人，总给我们带来很多欢乐。 ▶My teacher is inspiring.我的老师很鼓舞人心。 ▶The boy is so boring that no one wants to play with him. 这个男孩太无趣了，没人愿意和他玩。 (2)当修饰expression(表情)、look(神色)、voice(声音)、smile(笑容)等与人的感受直接相关的事物名词时，也可用-ed形容词作定语，体现人产生该感受后的外在表现。 ▶A surprised expression appeared on his face.他脸上露出了惊讶的神情。 ▶She shouted in an excited voice when she got the prize.她获奖时激动地喊了出来。 ▶There was a worried look on her mother's face.她妈妈脸上满是担忧的神色。 三、单元写作清单 如何写与有意义的生活相关的文章 1. 话题分析 本单元以“生活是美好的”为话题，介绍了不同的人对社会所做的贡献、如何过有意义的生活等，旨在帮助我们树立人生目标，提升自我。与此相关的写作通常涉及以下几个方面：①介绍对自己影响最大的人；②描写一位榜样人物；③通过某件事表达自己对人生的感悟。 在介绍对自己影响最大的人时，通常先介绍他/她的基本情况，然后介绍他/她做了什么事情，最后表达他/她如何影响自己或给自己带来的启迪。 2. 写作框架 3. 写作素材 【核心短语】 人物品质类 1.make a difference 产生影响；发挥作用 2.devote oneself to (doing) sth 致力于做某事 3.give up 放弃 4.keep on doing sth 坚持做某事 5.set a good example to us 给我们树立好榜样 6.be full of love and courage 充满爱与勇气 7.face difficulties bravely 勇敢面对困难 8.never give up in the face of trouble 面对困境永不放弃 人生感悟 & 有意义生活类 1.live a meaningful life 过有意义的生活 2.achieve one’s dream 实现某人的梦想 3.try one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事 4.learn a valuable lesson 得到宝贵的启示 5.make our world better 让我们的世界更美好 6.play an important role in… 在…… 中起重要作用 7.realize the value of life 认识生命的价值 影响启迪类 1.have a great influence on me 对我有很大影响 2.encourage me to do sth 鼓励我去做某事 3.teach me how to… 教会我如何…… 4.inspire me to move forward 激励我奋勇向前 【常用句型】 开头（引出榜样 / 话题） 1.If we want to live a meaningful life, we need to learn from great people. 如果我们想过有意义的生活，我们需要向伟大的人学习。 2.The person who has the greatest influence on me is ________. 对我影响最大的人是……（定语从句） 3.Everyone wonders what a meaningful life really means. 每个人都想知道有意义的生活究竟意味着什么。（宾语从句） 中间（介绍人物事迹） 1.He/She devotes most of his/her time to helping people in need. 他/她把大部分时间致力于帮助有需要的人。 2.Although he/she met lots of difficulties, he/she never gave up. 尽管他/她遇到很多困难，但从未放弃。（让步状语从句） 3.What he did moved many people around the country. 他所做的事情感动了全国很多人。（主语从句） 结尾（谈启发、感悟，升华主题） 1.That is why he sets a good example to me. 这就是为什么他给我树立了一个好榜样。（表语从句） 2.I have learned that life’s value lies in helping others. 我懂得了生命的价值在于帮助他人。（宾语从句） 3.I will try my best to do something good so that I can live a meaningful life. 我会尽我所能做善事，这样我就能过有意义的生活。（sothat 目的状语从句） 4.Even small things can make a difference if we put our heart into them. 如果我们用心去做，小事也能发挥大作用。（条件状语从句） 4. 范文背诵 Live a Meaningful Life Everyone wonders what a meaningful life really means. For me, the person who has the greatest influence on me is Zhang Guimei. She is a great teacher. She devotes all her life to helping poor girls get education. Although she met many hard problems, she kept on working and never gave up. She set up a free high school for girls. Thanks to her efforts, thousands of girls realized their dreams. What she does teaches me a valuable lesson. I have learned that the value of life is not only about ourselves. We can make a difference when we try to help others. I will learn from her. I plan to work hard and do small good things in daily life so that I can also live a meaningful life in the future. 【译文】 过有意义的生活 每个人都想知道，真正有意义的生活究竟是什么。对我来说，对我影响最大的人是张桂梅。 她是一位伟大的老师。她毕生致力于帮助贫困女孩获得教育。尽管她遇到许许多多艰难的问题，她始终坚持，从不放弃。她为女孩们创办了一所免费高中。多亏了她的努力，成千上万的女孩实现了梦想。 她所做的一切给了我宝贵的启示。我懂得了生命的价值不只是关乎我们自己。当我们尽力帮助他人，我们就能创造价值。我会向她学习。我打算努力学习，在日常生活中做力所能及的善事，将来也过上有意义的生活。 易错点01 verb‑ing 用法辨析 【助记口诀】动名词可作主语、宾语；see/hear/watch后接doing表看见正在发生；‑ing形容词修饰事物 【错因辨析】 1. 动词作主语/宾语，必须用doing，不能用动词原形 例：✘Live well means find your purpose. ✔Living well means finding your purpose. 2. see sb doing 看见某人正在做；see sb do看见全过程 3. ‑ing形容词：描述事物本身特征（exciting令人激动的） 【对点训练】 1. ________(enjoy) yourself is also important in our life. 【答案】Enjoying 【解析】句中缺少主语，动词作主语需用动名词形式，故填enjoy的动名词Enjoying，谓语动词用第三人称单数is，符合“动词作主语用doing”的语法规则。 2. The story is very ________(amaze). 【答案】amazing 【解析】此处修饰名词story（故事），描述事物本身的性质特征，需用-ing形容词amazing，表示“令人惊奇的”，符合“-ing形容词修饰事/物”的用法规则。 易错点02 固定搭配：imagine / enjoy / involve + doing 【助记口诀】想象、享受、涉及，后面全部加doing 【错因辨析】 imagine doing 想象做某事；enjoy doing喜欢做；involve doing 包含、需要做某事 易错：imagine to do（错误，无此用法） 例：I imagine myself being just like her. 【对点训练】 1. He enjoys ________(work) as a dentist. 【答案】working 【解析】动词enjoy表示“喜欢、享受”，属于固定接动名词doing作宾语的动词，遵循“enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事”的搭配规则，故填work的动名词形式working。 2. I can’t imagine ________(live) in such a poor place. 【答案】living 【解析】动词imagine表示“想象”，属于固定接动名词doing作宾语的动词，遵循“imagine doing sth. 想象做某事”的搭配规则，不存在imagine to do的用法，故填live的动名词形式living。 一、根据句意及所给的汉语提示或首字母写出单词 1.The__________(仙人掌)stands tough in the dry desert,with sharp spines instead of leaves to save water. 【答案】cactus 【解析】根据中文提示“仙人掌”，填入可数名词单数cactus，符合句意“仙人掌在干旱的沙漠中坚韧生长”。 2.The__________(莲花)bloom beautifully in the quiet pond in summer,their pink petals standing above the green leaves. 【答案】lotuses 【解析】根据中文提示“莲花”，结合谓语动词bloom为原形，填入可数名词复数lotuses。 3.In order to discover your true_________(自我),you need to face your strengths and weaknesses bravely. 【答案】self 【解析】根据中文提示“自我”，填入名词self，对应固定搭配true self“真实的自我”，为本单元核心词汇。 4.Doctors and nurses stick to their posts in t_________conditions,working day and night to treat patients.They press on despite being tired and afraid,giving hope to people who need it most. 【答案】terrible 【解析】根据首字母t和句意“医护人员在恶劣的条件下坚守岗位”，填入形容词terrible修饰conditions。 5.The thoughtful note on my desk r___________me to manage my time wisely and stay positive when facing life's challenges. 【答案】reminds 【解析】根据首字母r和固定搭配remind sb. to do sth.“提醒某人做某事”，主语note为单数，填入动词第三人称单数reminds。 6.The c _________that you show in front of others will make you braver and help you make more friends who truly understand and support you. 【答案】confidence 【解析】根据首字母c和句意“你在他人面前表现出的自信会让你更勇敢”，填入不可数名词confidence。 7.Chinese New Year is a__________(庆祝)marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. 【答案】celebration 【解析】根据中文提示“庆祝”，前面有不定冠词a，填入可数名词单数celebration，为本单元核心词汇。 8.Very excited,the group____________(挖)a hole two feet deep.They finally found a small gold coin,though it was nearly worthless. 【答案】dug 【解析】根据中文提示“挖”和后句的found为过去式，填入动词dig的过去式dug，为本单元重点变形词汇。 9.The discovery of___________(石油)brought many benefits to the town. 【答案】oil 【解析】根据中文提示“石油”，填入不可数名词oil，符合句意“石油的发现给小镇带来了很多好处”。 10.It was a__________(遗憾)that the research team failed to find such a plant that was described in the botanist's diary. 【答案】pity 【解析】根据中文提示“遗憾”，对应固定结构It is a pity that...“遗憾的是……”，填入名词pity，为本单元核心词汇。 11.She_________(生孩子)a son and named him after his father. 【答案】bore 【解析】根据中文提示“生孩子”和后句的named为过去式，填入动词bear的过去式bore，为本单元重点变形词汇。 12.It's convenient to__________(比较)quality and prices across different online shops before buying. 【答案】compare 【解析】根据中文提示“比较”和固定结构It is + adj. + to do sth.，填入动词原形compare，为本单元核心词汇。 13.Any u__________goods can be returned to the shop. 【答案】unused 【解析】根据首字母u和句意“任何未使用的商品都可以退回商店”，填入形容词unused，为本单元核心词汇。 14.Mark is very mean,so don't always e _________him to be friendly. 【答案】expect 【解析】根据首字母e和固定搭配expect sb. to do sth.“期望某人做某事”，前面有助动词don't，填入动词原形expect，为本单元核心词汇。 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.During the Spring Festival,Chinese people take part in all kinds of_____________(celebrate), spending happy time with family,sharing delicious food and expressing best wishes to each other. 【答案】celebrations 【解析】all kinds of后接可数名词复数，动词celebrate的名词形式为celebration，复数形式为celebrations，意为“各种各样的庆祝活动”。 2.Batteries which are_________(use)for a longtime may have to be recharged. 【答案】used 【解析】句意为“长时间使用的电池可能需要充电”，batteries和use之间是被动关系，用过去分词used作定语，意为“被使用的”。 3.What makes a city________(attractive)is that it provides much convenience and entertainment. 【答案】attractive 【解析】固定结构“make + 宾语 + 形容词”表示“使某物……”，名词attract的形容词形式为attractive，意为“有吸引力的”。 4.__________(like)other students who give up easily,he keeps trying and never loses heart.His strong will makes him stand out and achieve better grades in his studies. 【答案】Unlike 【解析】根据句意“不像其他轻易放弃的学生，他一直努力”，填入介词Unlike，意为“不像”，为本单元核心易混淆词汇，注意句首大写。 5.They followed our________(suggest)and chose the same restaurant where we usually celebrate birthdays. 【答案】suggestion 【解析】形容词性物主代词our后接名词，动词suggest的名词形式为suggestion，意为“建议”，符合句意“他们听从了我们的建议”。 6.Recently,I found a note that my mum had left me,one that had remained________(hide)for years. 【答案】hidden 【解析】句中remain为系动词，后需接形容词作表语，此处表示便条“被隐藏”的状态，需用hide的过去分词hidden作形容词，意为“隐藏的”，符合“remain + 形容词 保持某种状态”的用法规则。 三、单项填空 （ ）1.Our school life is more interesting now _______we can enjoy ourselves in different clubs. A.because B.whether C.unless D.although 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们现在的校园生活更有趣了，因为我们可以在不同的俱乐部里享受乐趣。前后句为因果关系，用because引导原因状语从句。B选项whether“是否”，C选项unless“除非”，D选项although“尽管”均不符合逻辑。 （ ）2.Life is just like farming.You harvest_____you put in the soil. A. when B.who C.what D.where 【答案】C 【解析】句意：生活就像耕种，你在土壤里付出什么，就会收获什么。what引导宾语从句，在从句中作put in的宾语，指代“付出的内容”。A选项when表时间，B选项who表人，D选项where表地点，均不符合句意。 ( )3.—I don't know what to wear to the speech competition.What do you______? —What about yellow?It is the colour of wisdom. A. expect B.express C.suggest D.support 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我不知道穿什么去演讲比赛，你有什么建议吗？——黄色怎么样？它是智慧的颜色。C选项suggest意为“建议”，符合语境。A选项expect“期望”，B选项express“表达”，D选项support“支持”均不符合对话逻辑。 （ ）4.—Noah,please don't tell anyone what I’ve just told you. 一______.Your secret is safe with me. A.My pleasure B.You have my word C.Let's call it a day D.You've made my day 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——诺亚，请不要把我刚才告诉你的事告诉任何人。——我向你保证，你的秘密在我这里很安全。B选项You have my word意为“我向你保证”，符合语境。A选项My pleasure“不客气”，C选项Let's call it a day“今天就到这里吧”，D选项You've made my day“你让我今天很开心”均不符合对话逻辑。 （ ）5.It isn't wise to_____one's weakness____others' strength. A.mix;with B.prefer;to C.compare;to D.compare;with 【答案】D 【解析】句意：把自己的弱点和别人的优点比较是不明智的。固定搭配compare...with...意为“把……与……比较（同类比较）”，符合句意。C选项compare...to...意为“把……比作……（异类比喻）”，A选项mix...with...“把……和……混合”，B选项prefer...to...“比起……更喜欢……”均不符合句意。 （ ）6.In many families,parents expect their first-born child_____ A.look after B.to look after C.looking after D.looked after 【答案】B 【解析】固定搭配expect sb. to do sth.意为“期望某人做某事”，为不定式作宾语补足语，为本单元核心考点。 （ ）7.I like the Chinese saying—A thousand-mile journey begins with the first______. A.question B.accident C.step D.leap 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我喜欢中国的谚语——千里之行，始于足下。C选项step意为“步，脚步”，符合谚语表达。A选项question“问题”，B选项accident“事故”，D选项leap“跳跃”均不符合谚语含义。 （ ）8.—Shall we recommend Angela to lead our birdwatching project? 一_____.She knows animals very well. A.Don't lose heart B.No idea about it C.Don't mention it D.No doubt about it 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——我们推荐安吉拉领导我们的观鸟项目好吗？——毫无疑问，她非常了解动物。D选项No doubt about it意为“毫无疑问”，符合语境。A选项Don't lose heart“别灰心”，B选项No idea about it“不知道”，C选项Don't mention it“不客气”均不符合对话逻辑。 四、完形填空 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Charlie entered the shop and laid a wet 50-pence on the counter. “One Wonka’s Whipple-Scrumptious Fudgemallow Delight,” he said, ____1____ how much he had loved the one he had on his birthday. The man behind the counter looked fat and well-fed. He reached behind him for the chocolate bar, and handed it to Charlie. Charlie ____2____ tore (撕) off the wrapper and couldn’t wait to take a huge bite. Then he took another...and another...an oh, the joy of being able to eat large pieces of something sweet and solid into one’s mouth! “You look like you wanted that one, sonny,” the shopkeeper said ____3____. Charlie nodded, with his mouth full of chocolate. The shopkeeper put Charlie’s ____4____ on the counter. “Take it easy,” he said. “It’ll give you stomachache if you eat it like that without chewing.” Charlie went on with the chocolate. And in less than half a minute, the whole thing had ____5____ down his throat. He was quite out of breath, ____6____ he felt extraordinarily happy. He reached out to take the change but stopped. “I think,” he said quietly, “I think...I’ll have just ____7____ more of those chocolate bars. The same kind as before, please.” “Why not?” the fat shopkeeper said, reaching ____8____ him again and taking another Whipple-Scrumptious Fudgemallow Delight from the shelf. He laid it on the counter. Charlie ____9____ it up and tore off the wrapper...and suddenly...from under the wrapper....there came the brilliant flash of gold. Charlie’s heart stood still. “It’s a Golden Ticket!” screamed the shopkeeper, leaping about a foot in the air. “You’ve got a Golden Ticket! You’ve found the last Golden Ticket! Hey, would you ____10____ it! Come and look at this, everybody! The kid’s found Wonka’s last Golden-Ticket! There it is! Right there in his hands!” 1. A. remembering B. forgetting C. impressing D. discovering 2. A. simply B. quietly C. slowly D. quickly 3. A. rudely B. angrily C. pleasantly D. impatiently 4. A. gold B. change C. ticket D. chocolate 5. A. jumped B. turned C. broken D. disappeared 6. A. so B. though C. but D. unless 7. A. one B. two C. three D. many 8. A. above B. over C. beside D. behind 9. A. gave B. held C. picked D. turned 10. A. miss B. believe C. spread D. regret 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了查理买巧克力并抽到最后一张金奖券的故事。 【1题详解】 句意：“一块旺卡的惠普尔美味软糖。”他说，想起了自己是多么喜欢生日那天吃的那块软糖。 remembering记得；forgetting忘记；impressing给……留下深刻印象；discovering发现。根据“...how much he had loved the one he had on his birthday.”可知，此处是指他想起了自己是多么喜欢生日那天吃的那块软糖。故选A。 【2题详解】 句意：查理迅速撕下包装纸，迫不及待地咬了一口。 simply简单地；quietly安静地；slowly慢慢地；quickly快速地。根据“Charlie...tore (撕) off the wrapper and couldn’t wait to take a huge bite”可知，查理应该是迅速撕下包装纸，迫不及待地咬了一口。故选D。 【3题详解】 句意：“孩子，你看起来很想要那个，”店主愉快地说。 rudely粗鲁地；angrily生气地；pleasantly愉快地；impatiently不耐烦地。根据“You look like you wanted that one, sonny”可知，店主说话的语气是愉快的。故选C。 【4题详解】 句意：店主把查理的零钱放在柜台上。 gold金子；change零钱；ticket票；chocolate巧克力。根据开头“Charlie entered the shop and laid a wet 50-pence on the counter.”可知，查理拿着的是零钱。故选B。 【5题详解】 句意：不到半分钟，整块巧克力就从他的喉咙里消失了。 jumped跳；turned转动；broken破坏；disappeared消失。根据“And in less than half a minute, the whole thing had...down his throat.”可知，不到半分钟，整块巧克力就从他的喉咙里消失了。故选D。 【6题详解】 句意：他上气不接下气，但他感到非常高兴。 so因此；though尽管；but但是；unless除非。根据“He was quite out of breath”和“he felt extraordinarily happy”可知，前后两句为转折关系。故选C。 【7题详解】 句意：“我想，”他平静地说，“我想……我再要一块那种巧克力棒。跟以前一样的那种。” one一个，某一个；two两个；three三个；many许多。根据“I’ll have just...more of those chocolate bars.”可知，此处是指再来一块，one more意为“再来一块”，符合语境。故选A。 【8题详解】 句意：“为什么不呢？”胖店主说，再次把手伸到他身后，从货架上拿起另一个惠普尔美味软糖。 above在……上面；over超过；beside在旁边；behind在后面。根据“reaching...him again and taking another Whipple-Scrumptious Fudgemallow Delight from the shelf.”可知，此处是指店主把手伸到他身后。故选D。 【9题详解】 句意：查理捡起它，撕下包装纸。 gave给；held拿着；picked捡起；turned转动。根据“He laid it on the counter.”可知，店主把软糖放在了柜台上，所以查理应该是捡起软糖。故选C。 【10题详解】 句意：嘿，你相信吗！ miss想念；believe相信；spread传播；regret后悔。根据“Come and look at this, everybody!”可知，店主的心情是兴奋的，此处指你相信吗。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $