Unit 3 课时5 Section B（Vocabulary in Use）（分层作业）英语新教材人教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 初中英语新授课同步练，以A/B/C组+拓展分层设计，从词汇句型到语篇应用递进，衔接中考，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|基础词汇与句型|单词拼写、短语填空，强化Unit3核心词汇（如metre, prince）及基础句型| |B组能力进阶|语法与句型综合|语法选择（语篇语境中考查介词、连词等）、完成句子（如“偶然交换人生”等情境应用）| |C组思维拔高|语篇理解与逻辑|完形填空（如Su Mei的故事，考查上下文逻辑与词汇辨析）、补全短文（篇章结构衔接）| |拓展链接中考|中考真题综合应用|阅读填空（2026长沙中考题，考查语法填空）、阅读理解（2026沈阳中考题，培养批判性思维）|

Unit 3 Same or Different 课时5 Section B（Vocabulary in Use）分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 metre n. 米 prince n. 王子 character n. 人物；个性 exchange v. & n. 交换 accident n. 意外；（交通）事故 expect v. 预料；期待 by accident 偶然；意外地 be afraid of......害怕...... in a straightforward way 以坦诚的方式 句型 1.They exchanged their lives by accident. 他们意外互换人生。 一、用所给提示或者所给词的适当形式填空。 1．There were several car a________ on the highway because of the heavy rain. 【答案】accidents/ccidents 【详解】句意：因为大雨，高速公路上发生了好几起车祸。several意为“几个”，后面接可数名词复数，且句中be动词were也提示主语是复数。根据“on the highway”（在高速公路上）、“because of the heavy rain”（由于大雨），结合首字母a，推断语境为“大雨引发多起交通事故”。名词accident意为“事故”，car accident表示“车祸”，用复数形式accidents。 2．I e________ to go on a fun trip to the mountains with my family this summer. 【答案】expect/xpect 【详解】句意：我期待今年夏天和家人去山里进行一次有趣的旅行。首字母为e，根据固定搭配expect to do sth.期待做某事，expect符合句意；主语为I，用动词原形expect。    3．The book is worth reading because it teaches you how to behave well in different ________ (situation). 【答案】situations 【详解】句意：这本书值得一读，因为它教你在不同的场合举止得体。different“不同的”后面必须接可数名词复数，situation复数形式为situations，故填situations。 4．The height of Mount Huangshan is more than 1864 ________ (metre). 【答案】metres 【详解】句意：黄山的高度超过1864米。句中“1864”为大于1的基数词，后面接可数名词复数，metre的复数形式为metres。故填metres。 5．I can’t r________ the hammer. Please hand it to me. 【答案】reach/each 【详解】句意：我够不到锤子。请递给我。根据“I can’t ... hand it to me”及首字母提示可知，此处“can’t”为情态动词，后需接动词原形，表示“不能做某事”，因此需要一个动词原形来表示“够到”的意思，动词“reach”，意为“伸手够到，触及”。故填reach。 6．My friend’s kind words always ________ (touch) my heart when we talk freely. 【答案】touch 【详解】句意：当我们畅聊时，朋友暖心的话语总能打动我。句中包含频率副词“always”，且时间状语从句 “when we talk freely”使用了一般现在时，表明主句描述的是经常性、习惯性的动作或客观事实，因此主句应使用一般现在时。主句的主语是“My friend’s kind words”，其中心词是“words”，为复数形式。在一般现在时中，当主语为复数时，谓语动词使用原形，故填touch。 7．After finishing the cartoon books, the boy began to read some ________ (serious) history novels. 【答案】more serious 【详解】句意：看完漫画书后，这个男孩开始读一些更严肃的历史小说。serious“严肃的”，为形容词。此处与之前读的漫画书形成对比，表示“更严肃的”，故用比较级more serious。 8．The heroes in the classic novel Journey to the West are still popular ________ (character) among children today. 【答案】characters 【详解】句意：经典小说《西游记》中的英雄人物至今仍是当今孩子们喜爱的角色。character“人物；角色”，为可数名词。此处指《西游记》中多位英雄人物，应用复数形式，故填characters。 9．At the science fair last month, students ________ (exchange) their ideas on how to save energy. 【答案】exchanged 【详解】句意：在上个月的科学展上，学生们交流了关于如何节约能源的想法。exchange“交流”，为动词。时间状语last month表示过去，应用一般过去时，故填exchanged。 10．The p________ knew that unless the girl’s foot could fit the shoe, it was not the right girl. 【答案】prince/rince 【详解】句意：王子知道，除非这个女孩的脚能穿上这只鞋，否则她就不是要找的那个人。结合灰姑娘童话背景、首字母p以及句意，主语是王子，prince符合语境，谓语knew为过去式，主语用单数即可，故填prince。 二、完成句子 1．你能告诉我这两种植物的区别吗？它们看起来很相似。 Can you tell me the ________ ________ these two plants? They look quite similar. 【答案】 differences between 【详解】原句中“……的区别”是关键词，表示“……之间的区别”的短语是the differences between。中文“区别”对应名词difference，difference作“差异、不同之处”解时为可数名词。两种植物之间通常存在多处不同（外形、习性、花期等），语境上倾向于用复数differences，强调“种种不同之处”。“在……之间（指两者）”对应介词between。故填differences；between。 2．我们城市的人口近年来增长迅速。 ________ ________ ________ our city has increased rapidly in recent years. 【答案】 The population of 【详解】原句中“……的人口”是关键词，表示“……的人口”的短语是the population of，句首首字母大写。 3．教练期望所有球员在比赛中全力以赴。 The coach ________ all the players ________ try their best in the game. 【答案】 expects to 【详解】原句中“期望”是关键词。表示“期望某人做某事”的常用固定搭配是expect sb. to do sth.，句子描述教练的常规性要求，用一般现在时；主语The coach是第三人称单数，谓语动词expect要变为expects。expect后接宾语补足语需用动词不定式，即to try，故第二空填to。故填‌expects‌；‌to‌。 4．当她向他道谢时, 他回答说: “做这件事是我的荣幸。” When she thanked him, he replied, “It’s ________ ________ to do it.” 【答案】 my pleasure 【详解】原句中“我的荣幸”是关键，根据前句“When she thanked him”可知，横线处是他回应感谢的用语。回应感谢的常用礼貌用语是“It’s my pleasure.”，意为“这是我的荣幸”或“我很乐意”，与题干中文“做这件事是我的荣幸”意思相符。 5．我在找文件的时候偶然发现了这张旧照片。 I found this old photo ________ ________ when I was looking for my documents. 【答案】 by accident/chance 【详解】原句中“偶然”是关键，“偶然”的常用介词短语为by accident或by chance。所以填by；accident/chance。 6．事实上，一个真正的朋友会向你伸出援手并触动你的心灵。 In fact, a true friend ________ ________ your hand and touches your heart. 【答案】 reaches for 【详解】原句中“伸出援手”是关键词，此处考查短语reach for，意为“伸手去拉/寻求”。句子陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时。主语“a true friend”为第三人称单数，动词reach需变为三单形式reaches。故填reaches；for。 7．在小说中，王子与贫儿偶然交换了生活。 In the novel, the prince and the poor boy exchanged their lives ____________________. 【答案】by accident 【详解】原句中“偶然”是关键词，固定搭配by accident，此处作状语。 8．生活有时很艰难，但总有一线希望。 Life is hard sometimes, but there is always a ________ ________. 【答案】 silver lining 【详解】原句中“一线希望”是关键词。表示“一线希望”的固定习语是a silver lining；本句中a后面接名词短语，直接使用该短语。 9．邻居们总是乐于帮忙。 The neighbors are always willing to ________ ________ ________ . 【答案】 lend a hand 【详解】原句中“帮忙”对应固定短语lend a hand，be willing to后接动词原形，符合短语搭配与句子语境。 一、语法选择 阅读短文，从每题A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳答案。 Mrs Gao is my maths teacher. She is 1 the sunshine to me in my middle school life. Mrs Gao is a(n) 2 teacher. Each time I walk into her office, I always see her working on the computer. 3 Mrs Gao is busy, she never loses patience with her students. She takes time to explain answers 4 when we meet difficult problems. One day, I asked her, “Mrs Gao, how do you keep your patience with us all the time?” She 5 and answered, “When you have 6 with your studies and come to ask for help, I am happy that you have the initiative.” Mrs Gao is also happy to give us useful ideas on learning. To help us get good 7 in tests, she asks us to take quick notes. After all, it’s quite difficult to remember 8 in a short time. When I learn this, I can write important points down in class. With such a(n) 9 personality, Mrs Gao is popular with her students. What’s more, she also 10 her ideas with other teachers to make all of them better. We all learn much from her motto: There is no best, only better. 1．A．about B．like C．with 2．A．interesting B．friendly C．hard-working 3．A．Though B．Because C．When 4．A．quietly B．loudly C．carefully 5．A．laughed B．shouted C．worried 6．A．problems B．differences C．opinions 7．A．programmes B．grades C．symbols 8．A．something B．everything C．nothing 9．A．outgoing B．honest C．serious 10．A．saves B．forgets C．shares 【答案】1—5 BCACA 6—10 ABBAC 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者的数学老师高太太。她工作勤奋、耐心且乐于助人，深受学生喜爱，并乐于与其他老师分享经验。 【详解】1．句意：她对我来说就像中学生活中的阳光。根据“She is…the sunshine”可知，此处运用比喻，表示她“像”阳光一样温暖。be like意为“像……一样”。about“关于”、with“和”无法表示比喻。 2．句意：高太太是一位勤奋的老师。根据“always see her working on the computer”可知，她总是在工作，说明她很“勤奋”，hard-working符合语境。interesting“有趣的”；friendly“友好的”和后文描述不符。 3．句意：虽然高太太很忙，但她从未对学生失去耐心。“Mrs Gao is busy”与“she never loses patience”之间是转折让步关系，应用Though引导让步状语从句。Because“因为”；When“当……时候”逻辑不符。 4．句意：当我们遇到难题时，她会花时间仔细解释答案。根据“explain answers”及“difficult problems”可知，解释难题需要“仔细地”，carefully符合语境。quietly“安静地”；loudly“大声地”不符合语境。 5．句意：她笑着回答：“当你们在学习上遇到难题，主动前来寻求帮助时，我很欣慰你们拥有主动求知的积极性。”根据上文她很有耐心以及下文鼓励的话语，此处动作应体现友善，laughed在此处表示友善地笑。shouted“喊叫”；worried“担心”不符合语境。 6．句意：她笑着回答：“当你们在学习上遇到难题，主动前来寻求帮助时，我很欣慰你们拥有主动求知的积极性。”根据“come to ask for help”可知，是因为学习上有“问题”才寻求帮助。have problems with是固定搭配。differences“差异”；opinions“观点”无此搭配。 7．句意：为了帮助我们在考试中取得优异成绩，她要求我们快速记笔记。根据“in tests”可知，考试通常是为了取得“成绩”，get good grades意为“取得好成绩”。programmes“节目”；symbols“符号”不符合语境。 8．句意：毕竟，在短时间内记住所有东西是很困难的。根据“take quick notes”可知，做笔记是因为很难记住“一切”，everything符合逻辑。something“某事”；nothing“没事”不符合语境。 9．句意：拥有这样外向的性格，高太太深受学生欢迎。根据“popular with her students”可知，受人欢迎通常与“外向的”或友好的性格有关，outgoing最符合语境。honest“诚实的”；serious“严肃的”不符合语境。 10．句意：此外，她还和其他老师交流分享教学想法，让大家共同进步。根据“with other teachers”及“make all of them better”可知，此处指“分享”想法。share sth with sb是固定搭配。saves“节省”；forgets“忘记”无此搭配。 二、选词填空 prince; metre; character; situation; silver 1．I feel a little tired after running 800 . 2．The handsome gave the girl a kiss, and then she came back to life. 3．Clean water and green mountains are more important than the gold and . 4．They are twins, but they are as different as chalk and cheese (截然不同) in their . 5．My parents advise me to stay calm in stressful and to think twice before acting. 【答案】1．metres 2．prince 3．silver 4．characters 5．situations 【详解】1．句意：跑了800米后我感到有点累。句子里“800”是长度数值，方框里只有“metre”是长度单位，符合句意；“800”表示复数概念，“metre”需变为复数形式 “metres”。 2．句意：英俊的王子吻了女孩，然后她复活了。根据后半句“吻醒女孩”的童话情节及形容词“handsome”修饰，应填表示人物的“prince”，且主语为单数，故用原形。 3．句意：绿水青山比金银更重要。“gold and silver”是固定搭配，意为“金银”，泛指财富，“silver”在此作不可数名词，用原形。 4．句意：他们是双胞胎，但性格截然不同。主语“They”指代“twins”，指代两个人的性格，“character”在此意为“性格”，符合句意；且空格前有“their”，需变为复数形式“characters”。 5．句意：父母建议我在有压力的情况下保持冷静。“in stressful situations”是常用搭配，泛指各种有压力的情境，“situation”为可数名词，此处应用复数形式“situations”。 一、完形填空 Su Mei is a quiet girl. She used to agree with others all the time because she was afraid of arguing. One day, her class discussed whether students should wear uniforms every day. Her classmates thought uniforms were good, but Su Mei had a different idea. She believed students should wear their own clothes to show their personalities. However, she chose to 1 her idea because she was afraid of being different. Feeling upset, she talked to her grandfather. Her grandfather gave her a book, The Analects of Confucius. He asked her to read a 2 sentence: “The gentleman agrees with others in harmony but does not blindly follow others.” Su Mei didn’t 3 it at first. Her grandfather explained, “It means it’s okay to have 4 opinions. True friends respect each other’s ideas.” 5 , Su Mei realized that being different wasn’t a bad thing. She decided to 6 her own thought at the class meeting. To her surprise, many classmates supported her. They said they also wanted to wear their own clothes on Fridays. Since then, Su Mei has become more confident. She understands that 7 make life interesting, and true friendship doesn’t require everyone to be the 8 . Now, she and her classmates have a better relationship because they 9 their ideas openly. Differences can make a team much 10 . 1．A．show B．hide C．change D．lose 2．A．short B．long C．famous D．boring 3．A．understand B．enjoy C．finish D．write 4．A．same B．similar C．different D．wrong 5．A．Suddenly B．Usually C．Sadly D．Angrily 6．A．keep B．share C．forget D．solve 7．A．accidents B．characters C．differences D．populations 8．A．best B．tallest C．smartest D．same 9．A．exchange B．laugh C．shout D．cry 10．A．weaker B．stronger C．smaller D．slower 【答案】1—5 BCACA 6—10 BCDAB 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述苏梅因害怕不同而隐藏观点，后经祖父指点明白差异的价值，最终自信分享想法并改善同学关系的故事。 【详解】1．句意：然而，她选择隐藏她的想法，因为她害怕与众不同。根据“afraid of being different”可知，因害怕而不敢表达，所以隐藏想法，hide（隐藏）符合。show（展示）、change（改变）、lose（失去），不符语境。 2．句意：他让她读一句名言。根据《论语》及后文引用内容可知是名言，famous sentence（名言）符合题意。 3．句意：苏梅起初不理解它。根据后文“Her grandfather explained”，祖父解释，说明起初不懂，understand（理解）符合逻辑。 4．句意：有不同的意见是可以的。根据“True friends respect each other’s ideas”（真正的朋友尊重彼此的想法）及主题可知，指不同意见，different（不同的）符合文意。 5．句意：突然，苏梅意识到与众不同不是坏事。根据“realized”（意识到），顿悟时刻用突然Suddenly（突然）。 6．句意：她决定在班会上分享她的想法。根据后文“many classmates supported her.”，同学支持她，应是她分享了想法，share（分享）符合该描述。 7．句意：她明白差异让生活有趣。根据全文主题“differences”可知，应是差异让生活有趣，differences（差异）符合主题。 8．句意：真正的友谊不要求每个人都一样。根据前文“different”对应此处“same”，友谊不需相同，same（相同的）符合逻辑。 9．句意：因为他们公开交流想法。根据后接“ideas openly”可知，是公开“交流交换”想法，exchange（交流/交换）符合描述这种沟通方式。 10．句意：差异能让团队更强大。根据积极语境及团队效益可知，差异能让团队更强，stronger（更强的）符合语境。 二、补全短文 阅读短文，从A-E五个选项中选出最佳选项填入文中空白处，多余一项不选。 The world is an interesting place. Different people like different things. Some people like rock music. 1 They like light music. Many people like sports, but they do not all like the same sport. In some countries, baseball is a very popular sport. In others it is not popular at all. No one plays it or watches it on TV. However, most people like soccer. The World Cup Games are very popular. 2 Different people like different foods. Some people do not like meat. They eat fruit and vegetables most of the time. Some people do not like potatoes or bread. They like rice best. 3 Most people have their favourite colours. Some people like bright colours. Others like dark colours more. Many people like travelling. Different people like different places. Some people like to go to the country. They like the fresh air. Some people like to go to the cities, because they like shopping. 4 Because these places make them relaxed. What do you like? Do you have any ideas? A．Other people don’t like it. B．Many people watch them on TV. C．Not everyone likes the same colour. D．They usually play soccer at weekends. E．Other people enjoy beautiful places like the mountains or beaches. 【答案】1—4 ABCE 【导语】本文从音乐、体育运动、食物、颜色、旅行地点五个方面举例，说明不同的人拥有不一样的爱好。 【详解】1．前文介绍有人喜欢摇滚乐，后文说有人喜欢轻音乐，A项“Other people don’t like it.”承上启下，it指代前文提到的rock music。 2．前文介绍世界杯赛事十分受欢迎，很多人在电视上观看比赛。B项“Many people watch them on TV.”中them指代前文提及的The World Cup Games。 3．后文介绍人们对于不同颜色的喜好，C项“Not everyone likes the same colour.”符合文段主题，是对后文内容的概括。 4．前文介绍有的人喜欢城市，E项“Other people enjoy beautiful places like the mountains or beaches.”介绍有人喜欢高山或海滩，前后形成对比。 三、选词填空 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每空限填一个词或短语，每个词或短语限填一次。 make, with, remember, exercise, child, important, daily, especially, try, time Almost every day, we talk about the topic of health. But what is a healthy living? It means eating well and getting enough 1 . Here are some useful suggestions. Eat different kinds of food, 2 fruit and vegetables. We all know that eating them keeps us fit, but many of us only eat our favorite food. We should 3 that we can only get what our body needs by eating all kinds of food. Drink water and milk most often. Everyone knows that water is 4 . Besides water, 5 also need plenty of calcium (钙) to grow strong bones, which is rich in milk. In your 6 life, you should drink at least three cups of milk when you are 9 years old or older. You’d better try to have drinks 7 little sugar. Pay attention to your body. When you are eating, notice how your body feels. When your stomach is full, stop eating. Eating too much 8 you become unhealthy and fat. Reduce (减少) the 9 you spend in watching TV and playing computer games. Please 10 to spend more time doing sports, like running, swimming and so on. 【答案】1．exercise 2．especially 3．remember 4．important 5．children 6．daily 7．with 8．makes 9．time 10．try 【解析】本文围绕“健康生活”展开，指出健康生活意味着合理饮食和充足锻炼，并从饮食多样化、多喝水和牛奶、关注身体饱腹感、减少屏幕时间等方面给出具体建议，倡导人们养成健康的生活方式。 1．句意：这意味着吃得好且获得足够的锻炼。根据下文“spend more time doing sports”和备选词汇可知，花更多的时间进行体育锻炼，所以此处是指获得足够的锻炼；考查exercise“运动，锻炼”，不可数名词。故填exercise。 2．句意：吃不同种类的食物，尤其是水果和蔬菜。根据空后“fruit and vegetables”和备选词汇可知，此处应用especially“尤其”强调要多吃水果和蔬菜。故填especially。 3．句意：我们应该记住，只有通过吃各种食物，我们才能获得身体所需的东西。根据空后“that we can only get what our body needs by eating all kinds of food”和备选词汇可知，此处是指记住通过吃多种食物才能获取身体所需；考查remember“记住”，动词，空前为“should”，所以这里应用动词原形，后接that引导的宾语从句。故填remember。 4．句意：每个人都知道水是重要的。根据上文“Drink water and milk most often.”和备选词汇可知，最常喝水和牛奶，所以此处是指水是很重要的；考查important“重要的”，形容词，在句中作系动词“is”的表语。故填important。 5．句意：除了水，孩子们也需要大量的钙来生长强壮的骨骼，牛奶中富含钙。根据下文“need plenty of calcium to grow strong bones”和备选词汇可知，需要钙来长骨头的是孩子们；考查child“儿童，小孩”，名词；又根据谓语动词“need”可知，这里应用名词复数形式children作句子的主语。故填children。 6．句意：在你的日常生活中，当你9岁或更大时，你应该至少喝三杯牛奶。根据“In your … life”和备选词汇可知，此处是指在你的日常生活中；考查daily“每日的，日常的”，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词“life”。故填daily。 7．句意：你最好尝试喝少糖的饮料。根据“drinks … little sugar”和备选词汇可知，此处是指少糖的饮料，应用介词with“带有”表伴随状态。故填with。 8．句意：吃得太多会使你变得不健康和肥胖。根据“Eating too much … you become unhealthy and fat.”和备选词汇可知，此处是指吃得太多会使你变得不健康和肥胖；考查make sb. become...“使某人变得……”，固定搭配；句子陈述现在的情况，时态应用一般现在时，且主语“Eating too much”为动名词短语，谓语动词应用三单形式makes。故填makes。 9．句意：减少你花在看电视和玩电脑游戏上的时间。根据下文“you spend in watching TV and playing computer games”和备选词汇可知，此处是指花在看电视和玩电脑游戏上的时间；考查spend time in doing sth.“花时间做某事”，固定搭配，其中time“时间”，不可数名词。故填time。 10．句意：请尽量花更多时间做运动，比如跑步、游泳等。根据空后“to spend more time doing sports”和备选词汇可知，此处是指努力花更多时间做运动；考查try to do sth.“努力去做某事”，固定搭配，句子为祈使句，应用动词原形开头。故填try。 一、阅读填空 （2026·湖南长沙·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Song Lian was a famous historian and writer in the Ming Dynasty. When he was a child, he was crazy about reading. His family was really poor, so little Song had to borrow books 1 others. One day, Song borrowed a book 2 found himself liking it more with each page. He decided 3 (copy) it down for his own records. As the book was due (到期) soon, he copied it every day until midnight. The freezing weather made it difficult for him to move his fingers properly while writing. His mother said, “It’s not good for you to stay up so late. The 4 (own) of the book isn’t waiting to read it, is he?” “It doesn’t matter whether he’s waiting or not,” Song replied. “It’s a matter of integrity (诚信). If you make a habit of breaking 5 (you) promises, how can you win the respect (尊重) of others?” Another time, Song had made an appointment (约定) to visit a teacher who lived far away, but on the day he was to set out, it snowed 6 (heavy). “How can you travel so far on such a 7 (snow) day?” his mother asked. “Why don’t you wait until the snow 8 (stop)?” Song smiled, “Mom, no matter how hard the snow falls, I must go. It would be disrespectful to break my appointment with the teacher.” When Song went out of his way to arrive on time, with his shoes completely wet, the teacher 9 (touch) by him. He said, “Young man, nothing can stop you from keeping your word. You’ll surely have 10 bright future!” 【答案】1．from 2．and 3．to copy 4．owner 5．your 6．heavily 7．snowy 8．stops 9．was touched 10．a 【导语】本文讲述了明代史学家和文学家宋濂小时候借书抄书、雪中赴约的两个小故事，展现了他诚实守信、言出必行的品格。 【详解】1．句意：他的家境很穷，所以小宋濂不得不向别人借书。borrow...from...意为“从……借……”，表示借入的来源，应用介词from。 2．句意：有一天，宋濂借了一本书，发现自己越读越喜欢。空处连接“borrowed a book”和“found himself liking it”两个动作，表示顺承关系，应用连词and。 3．句意：他决定把它抄下来留作自己的记录。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，不定式作宾语，copy应用to copy。 4．句意：这本书的主人又不等着读它，不是吗？空处作句子的主语，表示“书的主人”，应用own的名词形式owner，意为“主人”。 5．句意：如果你养成不遵守自己承诺的习惯，你怎能赢得别人的尊重？空处修饰名词promises，表示“你的承诺”，应用you的形容词性物主代词your。 6．句意：但到了他出发的那一天，天下起了大雪。空处修饰动词snowed，应用heavy的副词形式heavily作状语，意为“大量地，猛烈地”。 7．句意：在这样一个下雪天，你怎么能走那么远？空处修饰名词day，表示“下雪天”，应用snow的形容词形式snowy，意为“下雪的”。 8．句意：你为什么不等到雪停呢？until引导的时间状语从句中，主语the snow为第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，谓语应用stop的第三人称单数形式stops。 9．句意：当宋濂穿着湿透的鞋子准时到达时，老师被他感动了。主语the teacher与动词touch之间为被动关系，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态was touched，意为“被感动”。 10．句意：你一定会有光明的未来。future为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一个光明的未来”，bright以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 二、阅读理解 （2026·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）When our friends ask for help, we often agree without a second thought. Why do we do this? Usually, we say yes because we want to give a helping hand, bring joy to others, or be at peace with everyone. However, always saying yes to everything is not wise. Does this mean we can always say no? The answer is clear. In some cases, to say yes is the only answer. For example, we must follow school rules. When it comes to keeping public safety and guarding national interests, we must say yes. But when can we say no? We can say no if the request (请求) is unreasonable. Saying no can help us stick to what is right and avert unnecessary problems. After knowing when to say no, it is time to learn how to say no in a proper way. Here are some ways to help us say no. ·Start small. Like any habit, saying yes to everything can be hard to break. We can begin by saying no to easier situations, and then practice more. ·Don’t say yes too early. Tell others we need to check our plans first. ·Keep answers short. We don’t need long excuses. A simple “No, I have other plans.” is enough. Make sure we say it in a polite way. ·Be brave. If we must say yes, say it with an open heart. If we must say no, say it without fear. Saying no is not the same as being selfish (自私的). We also need to stand up for others and a better society. 1．Why do we say yes when our friends ask for help? A．To care about our hands. B．To get on well with others. C．To take down our thoughts. D．To stay far away from joy. 2．What does the underlined word “avert” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Avoid. B．Face. C．Cause. D．Correct. 3．Which of the following is a proper way to say no according to the text? A．Consider others’ plans first. B．Answer as rapidly as possible. C．Start from difficult situations. D．Reply politely without long excuses. 4．What does the writer encourage readers to do? A．Keep requests in mind. B．Say yes to the power of no. C．Offer advice without fear. D．Give way to the need of friends. 【答案】1—4 BADB 【导语】本文主要讲述面对朋友求助时不要一味答应，要分清场合，学会合理拒绝，并介绍几种恰当拒绝他人的方法。 【详解】1．第一段给出原因“Usually, we say yes because we want to give a helping hand, bring joy to others, or be at peace with everyone.”，这说明我们答应朋友的请求，是希望和别人和睦相处。 2．第三段给出句子“Saying no can help us stick to what is right and avert unnecessary problems.”，拒绝可以坚守正确的事，避免不必要的麻烦，故划线部分意为“避免”，与avoid意思相同。 3．原文方法部分写明“Keep answers short. We don’t need long excuses. A simple ‘No, I have other plans.’ is enough. Make sure we say it in a polite way.”，说明回复要礼貌，不用冗长借口。 4．通读全文，文章主要阐述什么时候可以拒绝他人以及如何恰当拒绝，鼓励读者懂得拒绝的力量。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Same or Different 课时5 Section B（Vocabulary in Use）分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 n. 米 n. 王子 n. 人物；个性 v. & n. 交换 n. 意外；（交通）事故 v. 预料；期待 偶然；意外地 害怕...... 以坦诚的方式 句型 1.They exchanged their lives . 他们意外互换人生。 一、用所给提示或者所给词的适当形式填空。 1．There were several car a________ on the highway because of the heavy rain. 2．I e________ to go on a fun trip to the mountains with my family this summer. 3．The book is worth reading because it teaches you how to behave well in different ________ (situation). 4．The height of Mount Huangshan is more than 1864 ________ (metre). 5．I can’t r________ the hammer. Please hand it to me. 6．My friend’s kind words always ________ (touch) my heart when we talk freely. 7．After finishing the cartoon books, the boy began to read some ________ (serious) history novels. 8．The heroes in the classic novel Journey to the West are still popular ________ (character) among children today. 9．At the science fair last month, students ________ (exchange) their ideas on how to save energy. 10．The p________ knew that unless the girl’s foot could fit the shoe, it was not the right girl. 二、完成句子 1．你能告诉我这两种植物的区别吗？它们看起来很相似。 Can you tell me the ________ ________ these two plants? They look quite similar. 2．我们城市的人口近年来增长迅速。 ________ ________ ________ our city has increased rapidly in recent years. 3．教练期望所有球员在比赛中全力以赴。 The coach ________ all the players ________ try their best in the game. 4．当她向他道谢时, 他回答说: “做这件事是我的荣幸。” When she thanked him, he replied, “It’s ________ ________ to do it.” 5．我在找文件的时候偶然发现了这张旧照片。 I found this old photo ________ ________ when I was looking for my documents. 6．事实上，一个真正的朋友会向你伸出援手并触动你的心灵。 In fact, a true friend ________ ________ your hand and touches your heart. 7．在小说中，王子与贫儿偶然交换了生活。 In the novel, the prince and the poor boy exchanged their lives ____________________. 8．生活有时很艰难，但总有一线希望。 Life is hard sometimes, but there is always a ________ ________. 9．邻居们总是乐于帮忙。 The neighbors are always willing to ________ ________ ________ . 一、语法选择 阅读短文，从每题A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳答案。 Mrs Gao is my maths teacher. She is 1 the sunshine to me in my middle school life. Mrs Gao is a(n) 2 teacher. Each time I walk into her office, I always see her working on the computer. 3 Mrs Gao is busy, she never loses patience with her students. She takes time to explain answers 4 when we meet difficult problems. One day, I asked her, “Mrs Gao, how do you keep your patience with us all the time?” She 5 and answered, “When you have 6 with your studies and come to ask for help, I am happy that you have the initiative.” Mrs Gao is also happy to give us useful ideas on learning. To help us get good 7 in tests, she asks us to take quick notes. After all, it’s quite difficult to remember 8 in a short time. When I learn this, I can write important points down in class. With such a(n) 9 personality, Mrs Gao is popular with her students. What’s more, she also 10 her ideas with other teachers to make all of them better. We all learn much from her motto: There is no best, only better. 1．A．about B．like C．with 2．A．interesting B．friendly C．hard-working 3．A．Though B．Because C．When 4．A．quietly B．loudly C．carefully 5．A．laughed B．shouted C．worried 6．A．problems B．differences C．opinions 7．A．programmes B．grades C．symbols 8．A．something B．everything C．nothing 9．A．outgoing B．honest C．serious 10．A．saves B．forgets C．shares 二、选词填空 prince; metre; character; situation; silver 1．I feel a little tired after running 800 . 2．The handsome gave the girl a kiss, and then she came back to life. 3．Clean water and green mountains are more important than the gold and . 4．They are twins, but they are as different as chalk and cheese (截然不同) in their . 5．My parents advise me to stay calm in stressful and to think twice before acting. 一、完形填空 Su Mei is a quiet girl. She used to agree with others all the time because she was afraid of arguing. One day, her class discussed whether students should wear uniforms every day. Her classmates thought uniforms were good, but Su Mei had a different idea. She believed students should wear their own clothes to show their personalities. However, she chose to 1 her idea because she was afraid of being different. Feeling upset, she talked to her grandfather. Her grandfather gave her a book, The Analects of Confucius. He asked her to read a 2 sentence: “The gentleman agrees with others in harmony but does not blindly follow others.” Su Mei didn’t 3 it at first. Her grandfather explained, “It means it’s okay to have 4 opinions. True friends respect each other’s ideas.” 5 , Su Mei realized that being different wasn’t a bad thing. She decided to 6 her own thought at the class meeting. To her surprise, many classmates supported her. They said they also wanted to wear their own clothes on Fridays. Since then, Su Mei has become more confident. She understands that 7 make life interesting, and true friendship doesn’t require everyone to be the 8 . Now, she and her classmates have a better relationship because they 9 their ideas openly. Differences can make a team much 10 . 1．A．show B．hide C．change D．lose 2．A．short B．long C．famous D．boring 3．A．understand B．enjoy C．finish D．write 4．A．same B．similar C．different D．wrong 5．A．Suddenly B．Usually C．Sadly D．Angrily 6．A．keep B．share C．forget D．solve 7．A．accidents B．characters C．differences D．populations 8．A．best B．tallest C．smartest D．same 9．A．exchange B．laugh C．shout D．cry 10．A．weaker B．stronger C．smaller D．slower 二、补全短文 阅读短文，从A-E五个选项中选出最佳选项填入文中空白处，多余一项不选。 The world is an interesting place. Different people like different things. Some people like rock music. 1 They like light music. Many people like sports, but they do not all like the same sport. In some countries, baseball is a very popular sport. In others it is not popular at all. No one plays it or watches it on TV. However, most people like soccer. The World Cup Games are very popular. 2 Different people like different foods. Some people do not like meat. They eat fruit and vegetables most of the time. Some people do not like potatoes or bread. They like rice best. 3 Most people have their favourite colours. Some people like bright colours. Others like dark colours more. Many people like travelling. Different people like different places. Some people like to go to the country. They like the fresh air. Some people like to go to the cities, because they like shopping. 4 Because these places make them relaxed. What do you like? Do you have any ideas? A．Other people don’t like it. B．Many people watch them on TV. C．Not everyone likes the same colour. D．They usually play soccer at weekends. E．Other people enjoy beautiful places like the mountains or beaches. 三、选词填空 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每空限填一个词或短语，每个词或短语限填一次。 make, with, remember, exercise, child, important, daily, especially, try, time Almost every day, we talk about the topic of health. But what is a healthy living? It means eating well and getting enough 1 . Here are some useful suggestions. Eat different kinds of food, 2 fruit and vegetables. We all know that eating them keeps us fit, but many of us only eat our favorite food. We should 3 that we can only get what our body needs by eating all kinds of food. Drink water and milk most often. Everyone knows that water is 4 . Besides water, 5 also need plenty of calcium (钙) to grow strong bones, which is rich in milk. In your 6 life, you should drink at least three cups of milk when you are 9 years old or older. You’d better try to have drinks 7 little sugar. Pay attention to your body. When you are eating, notice how your body feels. When your stomach is full, stop eating. Eating too much 8 you become unhealthy and fat. Reduce (减少) the 9 you spend in watching TV and playing computer games. Please 10 to spend more time doing sports, like running, swimming and so on. 一、阅读填空 （2026·湖南长沙·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Song Lian was a famous historian and writer in the Ming Dynasty. When he was a child, he was crazy about reading. His family was really poor, so little Song had to borrow books 1 others. One day, Song borrowed a book 2 found himself liking it more with each page. He decided 3 (copy) it down for his own records. As the book was due (到期) soon, he copied it every day until midnight. The freezing weather made it difficult for him to move his fingers properly while writing. His mother said, “It’s not good for you to stay up so late. The 4 (own) of the book isn’t waiting to read it, is he?” “It doesn’t matter whether he’s waiting or not,” Song replied. “It’s a matter of integrity (诚信). If you make a habit of breaking 5 (you) promises, how can you win the respect (尊重) of others?” Another time, Song had made an appointment (约定) to visit a teacher who lived far away, but on the day he was to set out, it snowed 6 (heavy). “How can you travel so far on such a 7 (snow) day?” his mother asked. “Why don’t you wait until the snow 8 (stop)?” Song smiled, “Mom, no matter how hard the snow falls, I must go. It would be disrespectful to break my appointment with the teacher.” When Song went out of his way to arrive on time, with his shoes completely wet, the teacher 9 (touch) by him. He said, “Young man, nothing can stop you from keeping your word. You’ll surely have 10 bright future!” 二、阅读理解 （2026·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）When our friends ask for help, we often agree without a second thought. Why do we do this? Usually, we say yes because we want to give a helping hand, bring joy to others, or be at peace with everyone. However, always saying yes to everything is not wise. Does this mean we can always say no? The answer is clear. In some cases, to say yes is the only answer. For example, we must follow school rules. When it comes to keeping public safety and guarding national interests, we must say yes. But when can we say no? We can say no if the request (请求) is unreasonable. Saying no can help us stick to what is right and avert unnecessary problems. After knowing when to say no, it is time to learn how to say no in a proper way. Here are some ways to help us say no. ·Start small. Like any habit, saying yes to everything can be hard to break. We can begin by saying no to easier situations, and then practice more. ·Don’t say yes too early. Tell others we need to check our plans first. ·Keep answers short. We don’t need long excuses. A simple “No, I have other plans.” is enough. Make sure we say it in a polite way. ·Be brave. If we must say yes, say it with an open heart. If we must say no, say it without fear. Saying no is not the same as being selfish (自私的). We also need to stand up for others and a better society. 1．Why do we say yes when our friends ask for help? A．To care about our hands. B．To get on well with others. C．To take down our thoughts. D．To stay far away from joy. 2．What does the underlined word “avert” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Avoid. B．Face. C．Cause. D．Correct. 3．Which of the following is a proper way to say no according to the text? A．Consider others’ plans first. B．Answer as rapidly as possible. C．Start from difficult situations. D．Reply politely without long excuses. 4．What does the writer encourage readers to do? A．Keep requests in mind. B．Say yes to the power of no. C．Offer advice without fear. D．Give way to the need of friends. 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Same or Different 课时5 Section B（Vocabulary in Use）分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 metre prince character exchange accident expect by accident be afraid of...... in a straightforward way 句型 1.by accident 一、用所给提示或者所给词的适当形式填空。 1．【答案】accidents/ccidents 2．【答案】expect/xpect   3．【答案】situations 4．【答案】metres 5．【答案】reach/each 6．【答案】touch 7．【答案】more serious 8．【答案】characters 9．【答案】exchanged 10．【答案】prince/rince 二、完成句子 1．【答案】 differences between 2．【答案】 The population of 3．【答案】 expects to 4．【答案】 my pleasure 5．【答案】 by accident/chance 6．【答案】 reaches for 7．【答案】by accident 8．【答案】 silver lining 9．【答案】 lend a hand 一、语法选择 【答案】1—5 BCACA 6—10 ABBAC 二、选词填空 【答案】1．metres 2．prince 3．silver 4．characters 5．situations 一、完形填空 【答案】1—5 BCACA 6—10 BCDAB 二、补全短文 【答案】1—4 ABCE 三、选词填空 【答案】1．exercise 2．especially 3．remember 4．important 5．children 6．daily 7．with 8．makes 9．time 10．try 一、阅读填空 【答案】1．from 2．and 3．to copy 4．owner 5．your 6．heavily 7．snowy 8．stops 9．was touched 10．a 二、阅读理解 【答案】1—4 BADB 1 / 6 $