2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册河北特有题型专练Unit 5（短文填空+阅读表达+情景交际）

**基本信息** 聚焦Unit 5主题，以生活情境（如包饺子、制作蔬菜薄饼）为载体，通过短文填空、阅读表达、情景交际三大题型，融合语言能力与文化意识，适配单元复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|----|----------|----------| |短文填空|2篇|动词形式转换（如excite→exciting）、固定搭配（turn into）|语法应用与语篇理解结合，依托真实生活叙事| |阅读表达|2篇|细节查找（小笼包起源）、信息整合（霉菌食物处理）|融入文化传承与生活常识，考查思维逻辑性| |情景交际|2段|实用表达（烹饪步骤询问）、对话连贯|模拟家庭烹饪场景，强调语言运用真实性|

八上人教版河北特有题型专练Unit 5 一、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。 A Four years ago, I moved to London for university. The school life was 1. (excite), but I felt so homesick (想家的). I often dreamed of 2. (have) meals at home. One cold evening, missing my family very much, I decided 3. (make) dumplings. It seemed like a simple thing, but I 4. (quick) realized it wasn’t! I took 5. a big bowl and started to mix flour and water, following my mum’s secret 6. (instruction), “Add water drop by drop while stirring. Not too wet 7. not too dry.” The kitchen soon turned 8. a mess with flour everywhere, but I didn’t give up. 9. (lucky), I succeeded in making the mixture into a soft dough (面团). Then, I cut 10. cabbage, carrots, and pork. Next, I 11. (add) some seasonings (调味品) and cooking oil to make the filling. After that, I started to make wrappers (饺子皮). However, I couldn’t make 12. (they) as well as my dad did. 13. (final), I put the filling in the centre of each wrapper. I folded and pinched the edges (捏住边缘). Some dumplings looked 14. (fun), but I was happy! Memories rushed back as I 15. (watch) the dumplings cook in the boiling water. Whenever we made dumplings at home, my family would crowd around the table, talking and laughing. As the dumplings warmed my body, they also warmed my homesick heart, connecting me with my family through every delicious bite. B My dream is to study nutrition (营养学) at college someday. I’ve always wanted to know how food 1. (influence) our health. But according to my mum, we don’t need much knowledge (知识) 2. (cook) healthy food. Last Saturday, she showed me her way to making meals, and I was really 3. (excite) to learn. We decided to make vegetable pancakes 4. they are our favourites. Mum, the perfect cook in her kitchen, got out 5. big bowl. She 6. (tell) me to mix flour, eggs, a little milk and some cheese together. “ 7. you mix,” she said, “do it 8. (slow), so the mixture doesn’t get lumpy (有团块的).” “Now, heat the pan 9. a low temperature,” Mum said, melting (化开) just a little butter. She 10. (pour) one spoon of the mixture into the pan. The 11. (wonder) smell of cooking filled the air. When the pancakes were cooked, Mum preheated the oven to cook some 12. (vegetable) later. The 13. (good) part wasn’t just eating the pancakes. It was learning Mum’s secret: healthy food 14. (be) simple, and cooking with family makes it even 15. (sweet). 二、阅读表达 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 A Xiaolongbao, also called steamed buns, is very popular in China. Many people love it for its soft skin, tasty fillings, and fresh soup. When it comes to xiaolongbao, some people easily associate (联想) it with Hangzhou, an important city in Zhejiang. They believe it is the birthplace of the food. Actually, the real birthplace of xiaolongbao is Shengzhou. The city is about 120 kilometres southeast of Hangzhou. Here’s how the misunderstanding(误解) started. Long ago, the owner of the first xiaolongbao restaurant in Shengzhou wanted to draw more customers. Since Hangzhou was already famous at the time, he planned to write “Hangzhou Xiaolongbao” on his signboard(广告牌). This trick worked, and more people came to his shop to try the snack. When the other shop owners saw this, they did the same thing. That’s why the name “Hangzhou” is still connected with the food today. Now, around 50,000 people from Shengzhou run over 20,000 xiaolongbao shops across China, making fresh, handmade buns every day. But the process takes time and needs much work. To save time, some shop owners turn to new machines to make frozen xiaolongbao. These frozen buns (包子) travel to supermarkets and homes across China, so everyone can enjoy Shengzhou’s special snack at any time. 1.Why do people like eating Xiaolongbao? 2.Where is the real birthplace of xiaolongbao? 3.Why did the owner of the restaurant write “Hangzhou Xiaolongbao” on his signboard? 4.Why do people turn to new machines to make frozen xiaolongbao now? 5.What influence do the frozen xiaolongbao bring us? Give one example and explain. B One day, you open the fridge and find some moldy (发霉的) food. But before you can throw it away, your mother stops you. She doesn’t want to waste food. She cuts off the moldy part and eats the rest. Is it safe to do this? Mold (霉菌) can grow on almost all kinds of food. Mold is usually green, white, black or gray. Mold makes food soft and changes its colour. Moldy food tastes quite bad and it’s not safe to eat. If you find mold in soft food, just throw it away. Bread, tomatoes and hot dogs are soft food. This kind of food allows mold to easily grow below its surface (表面). But it’s easy to remove mold from hard food. The mold can’t grow very deeply inside this kind of food. According to the news, you should cut about 2.5 cm around and below the mold and remove it. It’s OK to cut the moldy parts out of hard food and eat the rest. But if the food is completely covered with mold, you should still throw it away. Most kinds of mold are bad for us. But some kinds of mold can be used to make food. For example, penicillin (青霉菌) can be used to make many types of cheeses, such as blue cheese. These cheeses are safe to eat and they’re quite delicious as well. 1.What colour is mold usually? 2.Why can’t we eat moldy food? 3.Which food allows mold to easily grow? 4.What food should we throw away? 5.What other use does mold have? Give one example and explain. 三、情景交际 根据下面的对话情景，在空白处填入一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整、 A (Tom and Jenny are at home alone.) Tom: I’m very hungry! It’s already noon, but Mum and Dad still aren’t home. Jenny: They might be busy at work. 1. _______________ Let me cook something for you. Tom: Really? Can you make tomato and egg noodles? Jenny: Yes. I learnt how to cook it in school. It’s simple! Tom: Great! 2. _______________ Jenny: Of course. First, wash a tomato and cut it up. Then bring me some eggs. Tom: OK. 3. _______________ Jenny: Three. Tom: OK. 4. _______________ Jenny: Mix them in a bowl and add some salt. Tom: Now, should I heat some oil? Jenny: Yes! Wait until the oil is hot, then pour in the egg mixture and the tomatoes. Stir-fry them for about five minutes. After that, add some water and boil the noodles until they’re soft. Tom: Hmm. 5. _______________ I can’t wait to taste them. B (Linda and Ben are preparing for the lunch.) Linda: Hi, Ben. Let’s bake some cookies! Ben: OK. 1. Linda: No problem. Ben: 2. Linda: First, we read the recipe. Then we will know what we need. (In the kitchen) Ben: Linda, we have all the ingredients for our cookies. Linda: Now we mix everything together to make dough (生面团). Ben: I can mix them with this spoon, right? Linda: 3. Now take a little dough and make it into a ball. Ben: 4. Linda: Yes. When you finish, put the cookies into the oven! Then we need to wait for half an hour. (Half an hour later) Linda: Our cookies are OK. Ben: I can’t wait to eat them. Linda: Be careful! 5. Ben: OK. Wow, how delicious! 答案与解析 一、短文填空 A 【主旨大意】 四年前作者在伦敦上大学，十分想家。一个寒冷的夜晚，作者按照妈妈的要领尝试包饺子。过程并不顺利，厨房弄得很乱，包出来的饺子模样也有些古怪，但作者坚持完成了。煮饺子的时候，温暖的家庭回忆涌上心头。饺子温暖了身体，也慰藉了思乡的心。 1. exciting解析：形容词作表语。-ing 形容词修饰事物；-ed 形容词修饰人。主语 school life（校园生活）是事物，用 exciting（令人激动的）。句意：大学生活令人激动，但我非常想家。 2. having解析：固定搭配 dream of doing sth. 梦想 / 向往做某事。of 是介词，后面接动名词。dream of having meals at home 向往在家吃饭。 3.to make解析：固定搭配 decide to do sth. 决定做某事。decided to make dumplings 决定包饺子。 4. quickly解析：修饰动词 realized 要用副词。quick（形容词）→quickly（副词，很快地）。句意：这看起来简单，但我很快意识到并不是那样。 5. out解析：固定短语 take out拿出。took out a big bowl 拿出一个大碗。 6. instructions解析：instruction 表示 “操作说明、步骤”，常用复数 instructions。mum’s secret instructions 妈妈的独家操作要领。 7. and解析：否定句中并列成分，not too wet and not too dry 不要太湿，也不要太干。（前后两个否定的并列描述）。 8. into解析：固定搭配turn into a mess变得一团糟。厨房到处是面粉，很快变得乱糟糟。 9. Luckily解析：副词放句首，修饰整个句子。lucky（形容词）→Luckily（副词，幸运地），句首大写。 10.up解析：固定短语 cut up 切碎。cut up cabbage, carrots, and pork 把卷心菜、胡萝卜和猪肉切碎。 11. added解析：全文讲述四年前的往事，一般过去时。add 过去式 added。句意：接着我加入一些调味品和食用油来做饺子馅。 12.them解析：动词 make 后面接人称代词宾格。they 主格→them宾格，此处指代 wrappers 饺子皮。 13. Finally解析：副词作状语，表顺序 “最后”，句首首字母大写。final（形容词）→Finally（副词）。 14. funny解析：look 为系动词，后接形容词作表语。fun（名词，乐趣）→funny（形容词，滑稽的、样子古怪的）。一些饺子样子怪怪的，但我很开心。 15. watched解析：整篇故事为一般过去时。watch 过去式 watched。当我看着饺子在沸水里翻滚煮熟，回忆涌上心头。 B 【主旨大意】 作者梦想上大学学习营养学。上周六，他跟着妈妈一起学做蔬菜薄饼。他懂得了妈妈的秘诀：健康的食物很简单，和家人一起烹饪，会让一切更加美好。 1. influences解析：how 引导宾语从句；主语 food 为不可数名词，一般现在时，谓语动词用三单形式。句意：我一直想知道食物如何影响我们的健康。 2. to cook解析：固定结构need sth. to do sth. 需要某物做某事；don’t need much knowledge to cook healthy food 不需要很多知识来烹制健康食物。 3. excited解析：-ed 形容词修饰人，be excited to do sth. 做某事感到兴奋。exciting 修饰事物；excited 修饰人。 4. because解析：连词引导原因状语从句。我们决定做蔬菜薄饼，因为它们是我们的最爱。 5. a解析：bowl 是可数名词单数，big 以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。get out a big bowl 拿出一个大碗。 6. told解析：时间 Last Saturday（上周六），全文过去时；tell 的过去式 **told**。tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事。 7. When解析：when 引导时间状语从句，意为 “当…… 时候”，句首首字母大写。句意：当你搅拌的时候。 8. slowly解析：修饰动词 mix 要用副词。slow 形容词→slowly副词，慢慢地。 9. at解析：固定搭配 at a low temperature 在低温下；用小火。 10. poured解析：故事为一般过去时，pour 过去式poured。pour…into… 把…… 倒入……。 11. wonderful解析：修饰名词 smell 用形容词。wonder 名词（奇迹）→wonderful形容词（美妙的）。the wonderful smell 美妙的香味。 12. vegetables解析：some 后接可数名词复数。vegetable 复数vegetables。 13. best解析：定冠词 the 后面接形容词最高级。good 原级‑better 比较级‑best最高级。the best part 最美好的部分。 14. is解析：这是妈妈的感悟，表达客观道理，用一般现在时；主语 healthy food 为不可数名词，be 动词用is。 15. sweeter解析：even（甚至，更）用来修饰形容词比较级。sweet 原级→sweeter比较级。makes it even sweeter 让它更加美好。 二、阅读表达 A 【主旨大意】 本文介绍小笼包的小知识。很多人以为小笼包发源地是杭州，实际它产自嵊州。早年一位店家为吸引顾客，在招牌写上 “杭州小笼包”，由此产生这个误解。如今大量嵊州人经营小笼包店铺，机器生产的速冻小笼包，让全国各地的人们随时都能品尝这份特色美食。 1. Because of its soft skin, tasty fillings, and fresh soup.定位：第 1 段 Many people love it for its soft skin, tasty fillings, and fresh soup.解析：`for` 此处表示 “因为”，后接名词短语；`because of` 后接名词 / 名词短语，用来回答 why 问句。句意：人们喜欢小笼包，因为它外皮柔软、馅料美味、汤汁鲜美。 2. In Shengzhou, Zhejiang.定位：第 2 段 Actually, the real birthplace of xiaolongbao is Shengzhou.（Shengzhou 属于浙江，前文提到 Zhejiang）解析：很多人误以为小笼包起源于杭州，事实上真正发源地是嵊州。 3. To draw more customers.定位：第 3 段Long ago, the owner of the first xiaolongbao restaurant in Shengzhou wanted to draw more customers.解析：不定式 `to do` 表目的，回答 why 提问。老板想吸引更多顾客，于是招牌写上 “杭州小笼包”。 4. To save time.定位：第 4 段To save time, some shop owners turn to new machines to make frozen xiaolongbao.解析：制作手工小笼包费时费力，为了节省时间，一些店家使用机器制作速冻小笼包。 5. Frozen xiaolongbao make it easy for us to enjoy Shengzhou xiaolongbao. They can be bought in supermarkets so we can eat the snack at any time.解析：仿照原题型：提问 + 举一例并解释。速冻小笼包销往全国各地超市，让大家随时都可以吃到嵊州特色小吃。 B 【主旨大意】 本文介绍食物上霉菌的相关知识。霉菌有多种颜色，发霉的食物食用不安全。软性食物发霉就要直接丢掉；硬质食物发霉可以切掉发霉部分再食用，但如果全部发霉依旧要扔掉。大部分霉菌对人体有害，但少数霉菌可以用来制作蓝纹奶酪这类美食。 1. It is usually green, white, black or gray.定位：第 2 段 Mold is usually green, white, black or gray.解析：询问霉菌通常的颜色，直接摘抄原文信息即可。 2. Because it tastes quite bad and it’s not safe to eat.定位：第 2 段 Moldy food tastes quite bad and it’s not safe to eat.解析：why 问句用 because 回答；发霉食物味道很差，并且食用不安全。 3. Soft food.定位：第 3 段This kind of food allows mold to easily grow below its surface.，this kind of food 指代 soft food。解析：软性食物会让霉菌很容易在食物表层下方生长。例：面包、西红柿、热狗。 4. The food that is completely covered with mold.定位：第 4 段But if the food is completely covered with mold, you should still throw it away.解析：即使是硬质食物，如果完全被霉菌覆盖，也要直接扔掉。 5. Some mold can help make food. For example, penicillin can be used to make blue cheese. This kind of cheese is safe and delicious for people to eat.定位：最后一段 解析：大部分霉菌对人体有害，但有一部分霉菌可以用来制作食物，比如蓝纹奶酪。 三、情景交际 A 1. Don’t worry.解析：前文说爸妈还没回家，自己很饿。Jenny 安慰对方 “别担心，我来做饭”。 2. Could you tell me how to make it?解析：答句 Of course，后面开始一步步讲解做法，所以此处是询问制作方法。 3. How many eggs do we need?解析：答句 Three（三个），对数量提问，eggs 可数，用 how many。 4. What should I do with the eggs?解析：下一句 “把鸡蛋放碗里搅拌，加盐”，是讲鸡蛋要怎么做，所以提问鸡蛋该怎么处理。 5. That sounds good.解析：听完一整套做饭步骤，做出评价；后句 “我迫不及待想尝一尝”，语义顺承。 重点短语 1. might be busy at work 可能忙于工作 2. learn how to cook 学习如何做饭 3. cut up 切碎 4. mix …in a bowl 在碗里搅拌…… 5. add some salt 加一些盐 6. pour in 倒入 7. stir‑fry 翻炒 8. boil the noodles 煮面条 9. can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事 B 1. But you need to teach me, Linda.但是琳达，你得教我。后文 A 回答 “No problem.（没问题）”，说明 B 提出请求。Ben 想要烤饼干，但自己不会，请求 Linda 教他。 2. What do we do first?我们先做什么？ 答句 `First, we read the recipe.` 出现 first（首先），对应问句询问第一步做什么。 3. Yes.可以 / 是的。 B 是反义疑问句：*I can mix them with this spoon, right?* 我可以用这把勺子搅拌，对吗？后文继续讲解下一步操作，说明给予肯定回答。 4. Like this? 像这样吗？上文 A 让 Ben 把面团搓成小球；下文 A 回答 “Yes”，说明 Ben 在演示动作，询问自己做的是否正确。 5. They’re too hot!它们太烫了！ 前面 `Be careful!（小心！）`，刚出炉的饼干很烫，提醒对方小心烫伤。`they` 指代 cookies。 重点短语 1. bake some cookies 烤一些饼干 2. read the recipe 看食谱 3. all the ingredients 全部的食材 4. mix …together 把…… 混合在一起 5. make dough 揉面团 6. make…into a ball 把…… 搓成小球 7. put…into the oven 把…… 放进烤箱 8. can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $