Unit 2 Greener Planet, Better Home 阅读还原5选5（热点题型专练）英语新教材仁爱科普版九年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦环境保护主题，通过基础到拔高的阅读还原5选5训练，系统培养上下文逻辑衔接能力，提升语言理解与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |巩固基础|10篇（如《How to Be a Greener Person》）|5选5还原，考查总分结构、过渡句及例证关系|从个人环保行动（3R原则、节约水电）到校园实践，逐步构建环保认知| |培优拔高|10篇（如《Cloud planting》）|5选5还原，涉及政策、技术及社会问题|从全球环保协议（《公海保护协议》）到技术应用（云播种）、复杂议题（塑料污染），深化环保逻辑链|

Unit 2 Greener Planet, Better Home 阅读还原 5 选 5 （话题：人与社会 —— 环境保护与绿色低碳生活） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 从A-E五个选项中选出五个填入短文空缺处，使短文完整流畅。 How to Be a Greener Person There are many ways to be a greener person in our daily life. 1 These three rules can help us protect the environment. First, reduce means producing less waste. 2 For example, we can use fewer plastic bags and buy products with less packaging. Second, reuse means using things again or in another way. 3 We can donate old clothes to charity or use the water from showers to clean the toilet. Third, recycle means turning used materials into new products. 4 We can recycle paper, glass and metal. 5 Every small action we take can make a big difference to our planet. A．We should all follow the three Rs in our lives. B．We can recycle many things in our daily life. C．The most important ones are the three Rs — reduce, reuse and recycle. D．This can help us produce less trash. E．This means we should not throw things away too quickly. Passage 2 Plan a Green Campaign That Works A green campaign should lead to a real change, not only a colorful poster. Many campaigns begin with great excitement but disappear when the special week ends. Careful planning can turn attention into a habit that lasts. 1 Choose one clear problem that your group can influence. “Protect the Earth” is too broad, while “reduce untouched lunch waste” can be measured. 2 For example, weigh untouched food for five ordinary school days and ask students why they left it. These facts will help you set a realistic goal instead of choosing an attractive number without evidence. Design an action that is easy to follow. If students need five minutes to understand a recycling rule, many will give up. 3 A clearly labeled bin placed where waste is produced is more useful than a long rule on a distant wall. Test the action with a small group before using it across school; their mistakes may reveal a problem the planning team did not notice. Share progress during the campaign. A weekly number, a short story or a photo can show whether the work matters. Do not report only the best day, because an unusual event may give a false picture. 4 Honest information builds trust and helps the group improve. It also allows other classes to learn from a plan without copying its weak points. At the end, compare the result with your starting point. Decide what should continue, change or stop. Thank volunteers, but do not treat the closing meeting as the finish line. 5 A successful campaign leaves behind a habit, a useful system or better knowledge. If nothing remains after the posters come down, the group has created an event rather than a solution. A．Before deciding how much to reduce, collect simple evidence about the present situation. B．Choose a person or system that will support the useful action after the campaign. C．Clear signs and convenient tools should make the better choice easy at the moment it is needed. D．Begin by turning the big environmental idea into one specific task. E．If the result is smaller than expected, report it and explain what the group will adjust. Passage 3 Protecting the environment is important for all of us, especially for teenagers. We can start with small actions at school. 1 Here are some ways to make our school greener. 2 We can make a class rule: everyone must turn off lights and fans when leaving the classroom. We can also put up signs to remind classmates to save water in the washroom. Second, set up a recycling corner in the classroom. 3 We can collect used paper, plastic bottles and cans, then send them to the school recycling center. Third, organize an environmental activity every month. 4 For example, we can clean up the school garden or plant small trees on the playground. Finally, spread the idea of environmental protection. 5 We can make posters or give speeches to let more students know the importance of protecting the earth. A．First, save energy and water. B．Many students don’t know how to start. C．We can ask our classmates to join us. D．Put different bins for paper and plastic. E．These activities can make more students take part in environmental protection. Passage 4 On March 4th, after 10 years of difficult talks, nearly 200 countries agreed to a new UN agreement—the High Seas Treaty (《公海保护协议》). It is the first of its kind in 40 years. 1 Oceans cover about 71% of the earth’s surface and are home to all kinds of animals and plants. Healthy oceans play a very important role in a healthy planet. 2 Overfishing (过度捕捞) has had a terrible effect on many species of fish and other animals. Pollution has caused serious damage (破坏) in many areas. In 1982, one UN sea agreement described the “high seas”—the parts of the oceans that aren’t controlled by any country. 3 The high seas cover about 2/3 of the ocean. But now only 1.2% of these areas are protected. 4 It also requires that research should first be done to assess what influence humans’ activities might have on the ocean environment. During the past 10 years, the talks were held time and time again. 5 For example, there are disagreements about how much to control fishing or pollution. Now the agreement has a long way to go, which must be officially accepted at a UN meeting and be supported by enough countries before it works. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．But the oceans are still in trouble. B．So all countries can fish and send ships there. C．And it’s a great success in protecting the world’s oceans. D．That is because different countries have their own different ideas. E．The new agreement sets a goal to turn 30% of the high seas into protected areas. Passage 5 Protecting the environment is our duty, and everyone can play a part. Simple actions in our daily lives can make a big difference. 1 ※Saving electricity  We should turn off lights and TVs when they’re not in use. 2 ※Recycling and reusing 3 There are bins for bottles, paper and food. This helps to reduce the waste that ends up in landfills (垃圾填埋场). We should also reuse plastic bags from supermarkets as garbage bags to cut down on plastic waste. ※Saving water 4 Fix any leaks (漏洞) in our homes. Every little bit of water saved will add up and be of benefit to our environment. ※Green living  We should consider riding bikes instead of driving cars for short trips. 5 If everyone does their part, we can make a big change in reducing waste and improving our environment. It’s a hard job, but it’s worth the effort for a cleaner planet. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．We can take shorter showers. B．This simple action can greatly reduce our energy waste. C．This reduces pollution and does good to our health. D．Here are the things we can do. E．We can sort our waste into different bins. Passage 6 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 Cities are the heart of modern life. However, a growing population and their increasing needs have put heavy pressure on urban (城市的) resources. We need to use available methods to make cities more sustainable (可持续的). 1 Build more green areas. Local governments opened up large areas of land for public gardens. Although many buildings are attractive, few things can make a city more beautiful than greenery (绿化). Let’s take a well-known eco-friendly city as an example. 2 It has many public gardens and uses the tops of houses as small gardens of the whole city. Encourage the use of public transport. 3 Public transportation has been welcomed in many cities. To this end, improving the choices of public transportation in the city can be very helpful. Besides, it also helps protect the environment and provides a safer way to travel. 4 Historical places are much more than old things. They add special beauty to a city and show its unique culture and important history. 5 Protecting natural areas can also bring the same positive effects. It is our duty to protect our cities and make them more sustainable. Let’s start doing this right now. A．Protect both historical sites and natural areas. B．There are three main ways to help cities make great improvements. C．If everyone drives a private car, it will surely increase air pollution. D．One famous example is Singapore, one of the greenest cities in the world. E．The unique beauty of these places will attract people from other areas. Passage 7 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯、意思完整。 Look at the Earth from space. Why does our planet look so blue? 1 Water is not just an important part of our planet. It is an important part of our body, too. More than half of our total body weight is water. 2 That’s why we need to drink plenty of water every day. We drink water. We use it to cook, clean, and carry waste out of our homes. Farmers use it to grow vegetables and crops (庄稼) like rice and corn; factories use it to make products. Since the 1950s, the amount (数量) of water people use has increased by three times. 3 Scientists worry that soon there won’t be enough water for us, as well as for the animals and plants that share our world. What can we do to help? Use water wisely. Having enough water isn’t our only problem. 4 Right now, ships and factories are putting wastes into seas, rivers and so on. Even chemicals that farmers use are running into rivers and lakes. 5 It can also harm fish and other water-living lives. We must do something to stop pollution. It’s the best way to protect our world’s most valuable natural resource. A．We also need it clean. B．But the water supply hasn’t. C．All this pollution can make the water dangerous to drink. D．Our body loses water whenever we exercise or go to the toilet (厕所). E．It’s blue because water covers almost three quarters of the Earth’s surface. Passage 8 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 People have used leather for a very long time. Long ago, early humans made clothes from leather. Today, we still use leather to make shoes, bags, belts, and even car seats. Leather comes from animal skin, usually cows. But now, some people think we don’t need real leather anymore. 1 Some of these are made from plastic, which can hurt the Earth. Others are made from plants, like mushrooms, pineapples, and cacti. Some scientists can even grow leather in a lab using tiny cells from animals. 2 The following are the different viewpoints of two students. Kathy: 3 Many people think it’s unacceptable to wear a fur coat, so why is it OK to wear a leather one? It’s still made from an animal. Most of the leather we use is from cows, and cows give off gases that make the Earth hotter. Making leather also makes the air and water dirty. We don’t need to use leather anymore. 4 We can use these instead. John: Leather is still a good choice. Many people around the world eat meat, so it makes sense to use those animal skins for leather instead of letting them go to waste. 5 Fake leather（人造皮革） is often made from plastic, which does not break down and can make pollution worse. It also doesn’t last as long, so we may need to buy new things more often. A．We should stop using leather. B．Shall we stop using leather? C．Leather is strong, lasts a long time, and breaks down naturally when we throw it away. D．They want to use other materials that look and feel like leather but are not from animals. E．There are plant-based leathers that look nice, cost less, and don’t hurt animals. Passage 9 The human population is growing so fast and so is the number of things we use and throw away every day.   1 Luckily, with the support of our friends, families and classmates, there are many simple things we can do to protect the environment. Drive our cars less. There are many ways to get around, so we don’t need to drive. 2 Going together in one car is also a great way to get around and it means we can spend more time with our friends and families. It is a very good way to reduce air pollution. Use less electricity and water. 3 And remember to turn off small machines when you aren’t using them as it saves a lot of energy through the day. Something as simple as turning off the water while brushing your teeth can also make a big difference to the earth. Recycle what we have to reduce the harm to the earth. 4 A cloth bag is enough. And we can work together with our families to decide what objects can be recycled at home. 5 It’s never too late to make a small change as long as you put your heart into it. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．One little step for humans is a big jump for the environment. B．The simplest thing is to turn off the lights when we leave a room. C．It’s time for us to think of ways to change what we are doing to the planet. D．We can walk, ride a bike or take a bus to where we need to go. E．When we buy fruit and vegetables, we should be careful not to use too many plastic bags. Passage 10 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 The ocean is home to water animals and water plants, especially water animals. It’s full of a lot of amazing animals. 1 According to a study, there are about 171 trillion (万亿) pieces of plastic in the sea. This is bad news for sea animals such as whales. 2 Eating plastic is dangerous for them. The plastic can build up in their stomachs and even lead to death. 3 A team at the Duke University Marine Lab in America has been looking into this question. The team’s research explains the reason. The problem all comes down to a process called echolocation (回声定位). Some kinds of whales search for food deep in the ocean where there’s little light. 4 But they can use echolocation to “hear” objects. However, scientists find that plastic and food cause similar echoes. That tricks the whales into eating plastic. Nowadays, many sea animals are in great danger. We should stop polluting the sea and try our best to make it clean. 5 A．However, it’s also full of plastic. B．How do whales mix (混淆) plastic up with food? C．It’s too dark for the whales to see. D．They may think the plastic is food. E．Let’s work together to save the animals! 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 March 22nd is World Water Day every year. According to a report from the United Nations, more than half of the world’s major rivers have serious water loss and are polluted. The Yellow River, the world’s sixth-longest river, watered some of the oldest farms on earth. But now it has a serious problem. 1 In most of the past 35 years, it didn’t reach the sea. The Nile in Egypt runs 6,650 km and it is the longest river in the world. 2 Now it is down to 2 billion m3 or so. Australia’s Murray River reaches the sea only every other year. One-fifth of America’s Rio Grande has no water, either. 3 Mostly it’s damming (筑坝) and global warming that make rivers dry. Dams hold water to irrigate (灌溉) fields and make power. Now about 45,000 of them lie across the world’s rivers. 4 Global warming is making things worse. Warmer weather takes water away. The glaciers (冰川) are becoming smaller. 5 Global warming has had certain effects on water sources. Droughts happening around the world make people pay more attention to this fact. A．They hold back around 15% of the world’s fresh water from running to the sea. B．The source of the Yellow River is drying up because of it. C．It used to carry 32 billion m3 of water a year. D．How does it happen? E．Its source (源头) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is drying up. Passage 2 We all love watching firework shows, but let’s stop and think about the price we pay for just a few minutes of excitement. First, the money we spend on fireworks is so much. 1 What we are really doing is burning money. Yet, year after year, thousands of cities and towns spend so much money on firework shows. The money should be used to feed the hungry and house the homeless. Second, there is the matter of pollution. Fireworks have chemicals that are harmful to people and animals. 2 Third, let’s consider the rubbish left behind after a firework show. People just enjoy the beautiful fireworks in the sky, but they don’t care what is left on the ground. 3 Fourth, 4 Some of them can be harmful to your hearing, especially the fireworks used in public shows that give off a big BANG. Losing your hearing is too high a price to pay. 5 Children from the ages of five to fourteen are the ones most often injured. In my opinion, public firework shows should be kept to a minimum (最少量). Those people who organize firework shows should clean up the mess they make. Also, kids should be very careful with fireworks. A．fireworks are dangerous. B．The excitement disappears quickly. C．Thousands of people are injured by fireworks every year. D．They will pollute the air we breathe and the water we drink. E．The mess on the ground shows they don’t care about our environment. Passage 3 阅读短文及文后A ~ E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In northern China, three large deserts were slowly moving toward each other. If they met, many homes would be lost. 1 Cloud planting is a way to grow trees in hard-to-reach areas. First, workers fill aircraft with seeds of desert-friendly plants like the suosuo tree. 2 This method works best on the edges of deserts where less than 5% of the land has plants. The seeds usually fall in June or July, when there is more rain to help them grow. In the 1980s, there were no satellites to guide the planes. Workers marked the areas with red flags and mirrors. 3 Their hard work paid off. Over the past forty years, cloud planting has helped turn about 470,000 hectares of desert into green areas. These areas now stop the two deserts from meeting. 4 At first, fast-growing trees like poplars and elms were used, but they did not live long in the dry land. So scientists changed to local species such as the suosuo tree. These native plants grow well with little water and help hold the sand. Thanks to cloud planting, forest coverage in the area has risen. 5 More than 30,000 local people now work in the forestry and tourism industries. Cloud planting shows that with creativity and hard work, even the driest deserts can be turned into hope. A．They walked for hours under the hot sun, carrying tools and food. B．Choosing the right seeds was also important. C．Then, they fly over sandy land and spread the seeds from above. D．The green areas not only protect the land but also bring new jobs. E．To stop this, local people tried an unusual method called “cloud planting”. Passage 4 Earth Day is celebrated every year on April 22. It is a special day to think about the Earth and learn about its problems. 1 Here are some ways you and your community can help. Start with small things. 2 For example, you can drink from reusable water bottles rather than use plastic ones. Don’t forget to recycle paper and cans, doing your part to reduce waste at home. Plant native (本地的) plants. Planting local trees and flowers helps animals and makes your garden or neighborhood look nice. 3 This is another way to reduce pollution because you can eat the food you grow and reduce pollution from trucks bringing food from far away. 4 Think of ways to help the Earth and share your ideas with others. You could ask your school to organize a neighborhood cleanup, inspiring friends and family to help as well. Join events. On Earth Day, people across the world will come together at special events, such as a march, a beach cleanup, or a nature walk. 5 By sharing and working together, you can create a better world for everyone. A．Call on more people. B．You can try to change small habits. C．People are encouraged to take actions. D．You could even start a vegetable garden. E．Check earthday.org to find events near you. Passage 5 阅读以下文章，在所给的A–E五个选项中选择合适句子填入文中空缺处。 In China, something amazing is happening. Many old landfills, once called “garbage mountains,” are changing. They are no longer just smelly places. 1 They are becoming valuable green spaces, energy sources or even land for new industries. How is this change possible? There are mainly three ways. First, some are turned into beautiful parks or green lands. For example, a big landfill in Hangzhou is now an ecological park with trees and clean air. 2 It shows that taking care of the environment can also bring benefits to the community. Second, technology helps us use waste as a resource. People now turn waste into electricity, gas or building materials. In Fuzhou, there is a special industrial park where almost nothing is wasted. The garbage is “eaten up” to produce things we can use. 3 This not only deals with waste but also creates new value. Finally, in big cities where land is very expensive, old landfills are being completely cleaned up. 4 In Shenzhen, a huge old landfill was removed. The cleaned land will be used to build a new center for future industries like artificial intelligence. This turns a past problem into a future opportunity. 5 It mixes environmental care, smart technology and good planning. It proves that protecting our planet can go hand in hand with creating a better, richer life for everyone. A．The park is loved by people living nearby. B．This clean energy can power thousands of homes. C．Instead, they are starting a new and useful life. D．The goal is to create clean land for new industries and buildings. E．This change from waste to wealth is truly wonderful. Passage 6 Can you say things that harm our environment? 1 However, agriculture (农业), which produces your food, is more harmful to the environment than cars, trucks, trains, and airplanes combined (总共的). Chemicals used on farms run into rivers and lakes and pollute them. When rainforests and grasslands are cleared for farm animals and crops, the result is often the extinction (灭绝) of wildlife. 2 These gases are a big cause of global warming. By 2050, the world population will be larger. The problem of feeding people will be more serious. How can we increase the amount of food and maintain (守住) a healthy planet? 3 ☆It’s important to stop cutting down forests for agriculture. This is destructive (破坏的) to the environment. ☆ 4 Producing meat leads to global warming. ☆We need to stop wasting food. In rich countries, about 50 percent of food goes to waste. In poor countries, a lot of food is lost between the farmer and the market because storage and transportation are not efficient. 5 But if we don’t try, the result will be terrible for future generations (代). All of us have to consider the connection between the food on our plates, the farmers who produce it, and the effect on the planet. Our food choices will decide our future. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 A．Here are some suggestions. B．We’d better not eat so much meat. C．It won’t be easy to make these changes. D．Many methods of farming produce harmful gases into the air. E．If you say smoke from factories, that’s a big part of the problem. Passage 7 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 Many people know Shanghai’s beautiful night view, especially the colorful lights from the buildings. 1 However, too much light becomes a kind of pollution. Many of us pay little attention to this pollution or even ignore (忽略) it. In fact, it causes a lot of problems. 2 Too much light can do harm to our health. First, it can make us feel bad and we can’t sleep well. Second, lights need electricity, and creating electricity will give off greenhouse gases. 3 Third, studies show people living under bright light for long can have cancer more easily. Too much light may be even harmful to wild animals. Thousands of birds die from it each year. Some hit into the lighted buildings, because they can’t see clearly in the strong light. Some birds sometimes lose their ways in the bright light. 4 5 Hopefully, in the near future, humans and all the wildlife will live in an environment without light pollution. A．In order to prevent things from going worse, governments and some organizations are working to reduce light pollution. B．Sea turtles can’t find the dark beaches to lay their eggs. C．Light helps us see and makes the city more beautiful. D．This affects the air and causes breathing problems. E．Light pollution can be almost as bad as carbon dioxide pollution. Passage 8 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 We often talk about the greenhouse effect, climate change and global warming in our daily life. 1 As a student, what can you do to reduce your carbon footprint? Here are just a few ideas. Raise awareness Your school community might not know much about things like greenhouse gases or climate change. 2 Things like school projects can help to educate students and their family about the importance of protecting the environment. This can help these around you to reduce their footprints. Shut off computers An IT lab with rows of idling (未熄火的) computers takes up a lot of energy. You can keep these computers turned off when they’re not in use. 3 Use local food This is a tip for just about every area of life. 4 If you can get your school to use local and fresh food for the kitchen, you can help save the planet and help local businesses. Take local trips 5 Instead of going to far places that require planes or trains, stick to something close by. Your emissions will be far lower, and you’ll contribute to the environment. Follow these ways, and you can make a big difference to the environment. You can even live a more eco-friendly life in no time at all. A．Locally-grown produce takes less energy to ship. B．Try and work towards field trips that are nearby. C．It’s a good way to reduce your school’s energy bills. D．You can change that by raising awareness of these issues. E．In fact, these terms are connected to the idea of a carbon footprint. Passage 9 Fairfield School is called “the greenest school in Britain”, because the pupils and the teachers at the school think it’s very important to look after the environment. 1 Growing vegetables The pupils in Fairfield School started their own vegetable garden. Both children and teachers plant and water the seeds, and then they pick the vegetables. The vegetables are used in school meals. 2 “School lunches are tastier than ever before!” says one pupil. Recycling The Fairfield pupils don’t just bring their books to school—they bring their rubbish, too! There are recycling bins in the playground for plastic bags, plastic bottles, paper and so on. 3 Planting trees Now every child has planted their own trees. 4 They’ve made the view from the classroom more beautiful! Finding cleaner ways to get around 5 “When the roads are busy, it’s faster to ride bikes than to go by car anyway,” says one pupil. Even the teachers don’t use their cars. “We don’t encourage our pupils to look after the environment if we don’t do it ourselves!” says one teacher. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．The teachers give a prize every month to the pupil who has tried the hardest to recycle. B．The following is what they are doing. C．Everyone walks or rides a bike to Fairfield School. D．They look after their own trees during the week. E．Now they can all enjoy healthy food at lunch time. Passage 10 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 Plastic pollution is a serious problem, and it’s getting worse. Plastic can stay for a long time. Scientists are trying to create plastic that breaks down quickly, but the best way for now is to use less plastic. 1 Stop using plastic bags. Instead, take your own reusable shopping bag to the store. Every year, people use tons of plastic bags worldwide. Some countries try to stop using plastic bags. 2 Say no to the straw (吸管). A study showed that around 8.3 billion plastic straws cover the world’s beaches. So when you order a drink, say no to the straw, or bring your own reusable one. 3 Carry a reusable water bottle with you. Around the world, nearly a million plastic bottles are thrown away every minute. The problem is so bad that in some countries, stores aren’t allowed to sell bottled water any more. Avoid plastic packaging (包装). 4 It’s almost everywhere. But there is something you can do, too: avoid fruit or vegetables packed in plastic. Recycle what you can. You can’t recycle all plastic things. 5 For example, you can recycle bottles and milk or juice bags. In some countries, machines take the bottles and give a little money back for each bottle. A．Don’t buy bottled water. B．But it is possible to start small. C．Here are five tips that can help you. D．Other countries make customers pay for them. E．Most things you buy come in plastic packaging. ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $函学科网·上好课 www.zxxk.com 上好每一堂课 Unit 2 Greener Planet,Better Home 阅读还原5选5（话题：人与社会一一 环境保护与绿色低碳生活) 热点题型概览 阅读还原5选5 Unit 2 Greener Planet,Better Home ①题型解读 ②解题技巧 考查形式：从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入 ·一读：通读全文，了解环保主题和文章结构 短文空白处的最佳选项 ·二定：观察空格位置，判断缺主题句、过渡句、 能力考查：环保、节约落大意、分析句间逻辑、抓住 细节句还是总结句 关利用、节能减排、绿色生活、环境保护 ·三找：图关键词，如they、it、this、because、 谭篇特点：说明文或议论文，围绕绿色地球与家园建设 so、but、and 展开；空格位于段首、段中或段尾 ·四配：把选项代入空格，检查前后逻辑是否通顺 易错提醒：只看关键词不看逻辑、误选过渡句、忽略 ·五核：再读完整段，确保意思连贯、代词指代 代词指代、答案与上下文不连贯 清楚 ③命题预测 。 高频话题：节约资源、垃圾分类、回收利用、节能减排、绿色出行、保护森 林、减少污染、精Home ·高频选项类型：主题概括句、原因解释句、过渡衔接句、具体建议句、总结句 语法线索：代词指代、becausel原因从句、should/had better、 般现在时、一般将来时、比较级 语篇逻辑：因果关系、转折关系、并列关系、顺序关系、总分总结构 题型夯基提升 巩固基础专项突破 Passage 1 1.C2.D3.E4.B5.A Passage 2 1.D2.A3.C4.E5.B Passage 3 1.B2.A3.D4.E5.C Passage 4 1.C2.A3.B4.E5.D 1/3 可学科网·上好课 www.zxxk.com 上好每一堂课 Passage 5 1.D2.B3.E4.A5.C Passage 6 1.B2.D3.C4.A5.E Passage 7 1.E2.D3.B4.A5.C Passage 8 1.D2.B3.A4.E5.C Passage 9 1.C2.D3.B4.E5.A Passage 10 1.A2.D3.B4.C5.E 培优拔高挑战攻坚 Passage 1 1.E5.C3.D4.A5.B Passage 2 1.B2.D3.E4.A5.C Passage 3 1.E2.C3.A4.B5.D Passage 4 1.C2.B3.D4.A5.E Passage 5 1.C2.A3.B4.D5.E Passage 6 1.E2.D3.A4.B5.C Passage 7 1.C2.E3.D4.B5.A Passage 8 1.E2.D3.C4.A5.B 2/3 西学科网·上好课 www.zxxk.com 上好每一堂课 Passage 9 1.B2.E3.A4.D5.C Passage 10 1.C2.D3.A4.E5.B 3/3 Unit 2 Greener Planet, Better Home 阅读还原 5 选 5 （话题：人与社会 —— 环境保护与绿色低碳生活） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 从A-E五个选项中选出五个填入短文空缺处，使短文完整流畅。 How to Be a Greener Person There are many ways to be a greener person in our daily life. 1 These three rules can help us protect the environment. First, reduce means producing less waste. 2 For example, we can use fewer plastic bags and buy products with less packaging. Second, reuse means using things again or in another way. 3 We can donate old clothes to charity or use the water from showers to clean the toilet. Third, recycle means turning used materials into new products. 4 We can recycle paper, glass and metal. 5 Every small action we take can make a big difference to our planet. A．We should all follow the three Rs in our lives. B．We can recycle many things in our daily life. C．The most important ones are the three Rs — reduce, reuse and recycle. D．This can help us produce less trash. E．This means we should not throw things away too quickly. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．E 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如何在日常生活中通过遵循“减少、重复使用、回收”这三个原则来成为一个更环保的人。 【详解】1．根据文章第一段空格后句“These three rules can help us protect the environment.”可知，此处应具体指出是哪三条规则，选项C提到了具体规则“the three Rs”，符合前后文逻辑。 2．根据文章第二段空格前句“First, reduce means producing less waste.”以及后句具体举例说明可知，此处应进一步说明减少浪费的结果，选项D提到“produce less trash”产生更少的垃圾，与之对应。 3．根据文章第三段空格前句“Second, reuse means using things again or in another way.”以及后句列举的具体做法可知，此处应解释不要随意丢弃物品以便重复使用，选项E中“not throw things away too quickly”进一步说明了不要太快丢弃物品，符合语境。 4．根据文章第四段空格后句“We can recycle paper, glass and metal.”可知，前文应提及生活中可以回收许多东西，选项B“We can recycle many things in our daily life.”引出下文的具体例子，符合逻辑。 5．根据文章第五段空格后句“Every small action we take can make a big difference to our planet.”可知，此处应为总结性建议，呼吁大家遵循上述原则，选项A呼吁大家遵循“the three Rs”原则，符合结尾语境。 Passage 2 Plan a Green Campaign That Works A green campaign should lead to a real change, not only a colorful poster. Many campaigns begin with great excitement but disappear when the special week ends. Careful planning can turn attention into a habit that lasts. 1 Choose one clear problem that your group can influence. “Protect the Earth” is too broad, while “reduce untouched lunch waste” can be measured. 2 For example, weigh untouched food for five ordinary school days and ask students why they left it. These facts will help you set a realistic goal instead of choosing an attractive number without evidence. Design an action that is easy to follow. If students need five minutes to understand a recycling rule, many will give up. 3 A clearly labeled bin placed where waste is produced is more useful than a long rule on a distant wall. Test the action with a small group before using it across school; their mistakes may reveal a problem the planning team did not notice. Share progress during the campaign. A weekly number, a short story or a photo can show whether the work matters. Do not report only the best day, because an unusual event may give a false picture. 4 Honest information builds trust and helps the group improve. It also allows other classes to learn from a plan without copying its weak points. At the end, compare the result with your starting point. Decide what should continue, change or stop. Thank volunteers, but do not treat the closing meeting as the finish line. 5 A successful campaign leaves behind a habit, a useful system or better knowledge. If nothing remains after the posters come down, the group has created an event rather than a solution. A．Before deciding how much to reduce, collect simple evidence about the present situation. B．Choose a person or system that will support the useful action after the campaign. C．Clear signs and convenient tools should make the better choice easy at the moment it is needed. D．Begin by turning the big environmental idea into one specific task. E．If the result is smaller than expected, report it and explain what the group will adjust. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．E 5．B 【导语】本文围绕如何策划一场有效的绿色活动展开，依次说明要确定具体问题、设计简易可行的行动、及时分享进展、活动结束后复盘并维持长期成效。 【详解】1．前文提到周密规划能让关注度转变为持久习惯，D选项“Begin by turning the big environmental idea into one specific task.”总领下文步骤，引出下文第一条实施建议。 2．后文举例称量食物、调研现状来设定目标，A选项“Before deciding how much to reduce, collect simple evidence about the present situation.”引出要收集现状依据，和后文事例相呼应。 3．后文讲述带清晰标识的垃圾桶比冗长规则更实用，C选项“Clear signs and convenient tools should make the better choice easy at the moment it is needed.”承接本段“行动要简单易懂”的中心，和后文例子逻辑契合。 4．前文指出不要只展示最好的数据，避免呈现虚假情况，E选项“If the result is smaller than expected, report it and explain what the group will adjust.”说明如实公布不理想结果，衔接后句“真实信息建立信任”。 5．前文强调不要把收尾会议当作终点，B选项“Choose a person or system that will support the useful action after the campaign.”说明要保障活动结束后行动持续推进，与下文中成功活动留下长期习惯的观点保持一致。 Passage 3 Protecting the environment is important for all of us, especially for teenagers. We can start with small actions at school. 1 Here are some ways to make our school greener. 2 We can make a class rule: everyone must turn off lights and fans when leaving the classroom. We can also put up signs to remind classmates to save water in the washroom. Second, set up a recycling corner in the classroom. 3 We can collect used paper, plastic bottles and cans, then send them to the school recycling center. Third, organize an environmental activity every month. 4 For example, we can clean up the school garden or plant small trees on the playground. Finally, spread the idea of environmental protection. 5 We can make posters or give speeches to let more students know the importance of protecting the earth. A．First, save energy and water. B．Many students don’t know how to start. C．We can ask our classmates to join us. D．Put different bins for paper and plastic. E．These activities can make more students take part in environmental protection. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了环保对所有人尤其是青少年十分重要，我们可从校园小事着手，通过节水节电、设回收角、每月办环保活动、传播环保理念这几个方法，打造更绿色的校园。 【详解】1．空前提到环保很重要、可以从校园小事做起，空后引出具体的环保方法，B选项“Many students don’t know how to start.”起到承上启下的衔接作用，符合语境。 2．空后内容是关灯关风扇、节约用水的相关举措，且后文有Second、Third等顺序标识，A选项“First, save energy and water.”对应段落主题，符合逻辑顺序。 3．本段段落主题是设置教室回收角，D选项“Put different bins for paper and plastic.”是搭建回收角的具体操作，契合段落内容。 4．空前提到每月组织环保活动，空后举例具体活动形式，E选项“These activities can make more students take part in environmental protection.”对环保活动的意义进行补充说明，衔接自然。 5．设空处所在段落主题是传播环保理念，C选项“We can ask our classmates to join us.”呼应后文制作海报、做宣讲推广环保的内容，符合语境。 Passage 4 On March 4th, after 10 years of difficult talks, nearly 200 countries agreed to a new UN agreement—the High Seas Treaty (《公海保护协议》). It is the first of its kind in 40 years. 1 Oceans cover about 71% of the earth’s surface and are home to all kinds of animals and plants. Healthy oceans play a very important role in a healthy planet. 2 Overfishing (过度捕捞) has had a terrible effect on many species of fish and other animals. Pollution has caused serious damage (破坏) in many areas. In 1982, one UN sea agreement described the “high seas”—the parts of the oceans that aren’t controlled by any country. 3 The high seas cover about 2/3 of the ocean. But now only 1.2% of these areas are protected. 4 It also requires that research should first be done to assess what influence humans’ activities might have on the ocean environment. During the past 10 years, the talks were held time and time again. 5 For example, there are disagreements about how much to control fishing or pollution. Now the agreement has a long way to go, which must be officially accepted at a UN meeting and be supported by enough countries before it works. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．But the oceans are still in trouble. B．So all countries can fish and send ships there. C．And it’s a great success in protecting the world’s oceans. D．That is because different countries have their own different ideas. E．The new agreement sets a goal to turn 30% of the high seas into protected areas. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．E 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了近200个国家达成了一项新的联合国协议——《公海保护协议》，介绍了海洋的重要性、面临的危险、公海的定义以及新协议的目标和谈判过程。 【详解】1．前文提到“On March 4th, after 10 years of difficult talks, nearly 200 countries agreed to a new UN agreement—the High Seas Treaty (《公海保护协议》).”，C选项“And it’s a great success in protecting the world’s oceans.”说明这是全球海洋保护方面的重大成就，承接上文引出这份新协议的重要意义。 2．前文提到“Healthy oceans play a very important role in a healthy planet.”，后文提到“Overfishing (过度捕捞) has had a terrible effect on many species of fish and other animals.”，A选项“But the oceans are still in trouble.”形成转折关系，引出海洋面临的各类问题。 3．前文提到“In 1982, one UN sea agreement described the “high seas”—the parts of the oceans that aren’t controlled by any country.”，B选项“So all countries can fish and send ships there.”顺承上文，说明公海管辖规则带来的结果。 4．后文提到“It also requires that research should first be done to assess what influence humans’ activities might have on the ocean environment.”，E选项“The new agreement sets a goal to turn 30% of the high seas into protected areas.”介绍协议设立的保护目标，和后文并列，同为协议内容。 5．前文提到“During the past 10 years, the talks were held time and time again.”，后文提到“For example, there are disagreements about how much to control fishing or pollution.”，D选项“That is because different countries have their own different ideas.”解释谈判艰难、多次举行的原因，衔接后文例子。 Passage 5 Protecting the environment is our duty, and everyone can play a part. Simple actions in our daily lives can make a big difference. 1 ※Saving electricity  We should turn off lights and TVs when they’re not in use. 2 ※Recycling and reusing 3 There are bins for bottles, paper and food. This helps to reduce the waste that ends up in landfills (垃圾填埋场). We should also reuse plastic bags from supermarkets as garbage bags to cut down on plastic waste. ※Saving water 4 Fix any leaks (漏洞) in our homes. Every little bit of water saved will add up and be of benefit to our environment. ※Green living  We should consider riding bikes instead of driving cars for short trips. 5 If everyone does their part, we can make a big change in reducing waste and improving our environment. It’s a hard job, but it’s worth the effort for a cleaner planet. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．We can take shorter showers. B．This simple action can greatly reduce our energy waste. C．This reduces pollution and does good to our health. D．Here are the things we can do. E．We can sort our waste into different bins. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．E 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了日常生活中保护环境的几个简单做法，包括节约用电、回收再利用、节约用水和绿色生活，最后呼吁大家共同努力。 【详解】1．根据前句“Simple actions in our daily lives can make a big difference.”可知，日常小行动能带来大改变，后文分别列举了“Saving electricity”、“Recycling and reusing”等具体做法。此处需要一句引出下文措施。选项D“Here are the things we can do.”中的“Here are”自然引出后续具体建议，承上启下，逻辑连贯。 2．前句“We should turn off lights and TVs when they’re not in use.”说明要关闭不用的电器，此处应补充这一行动带来的效果。选项B“This simple action can greatly reduce our energy waste.”中的“This simple action”指代前文的“turn off lights and TVs”，“reduce energy waste”与“saving electricity”主题一致，衔接紧密。 3．该段标题为“Recycling and reusing”，后句“There are bins for bottles, paper and food.”提到有不同分类的垃圾桶，说明要对垃圾进行分类。选项E“We can sort our waste into different bins.”中的“sort...into different bins”与后文的“bins for bottles, paper and food”直接对应，且与标题“Recycling”一致，逻辑自然。 4．该段标题为“Saving water”，后句“Fix any leaks in our homes.”举例说明节约用水的具体做法，此处应补充另一个做法。选项A“We can take shorter showers.”是节约用水的常见方式，与后句“Fix any leaks”并列，共同说明如何节约用水，语义合理。 5．前句“We should consider riding bikes instead of driving cars for short trips.”建议短途骑车代替开车，此处应说明骑车的好处。选项C“This reduces pollution and does good to our health.”中的“This”指代“riding bikes”，“reduces pollution”与环保主题一致，“does good to our health”补充个人益处，且后文“make a big change in reducing waste”与之呼应，逻辑完整。 Passage 6 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 Cities are the heart of modern life. However, a growing population and their increasing needs have put heavy pressure on urban (城市的) resources. We need to use available methods to make cities more sustainable (可持续的). 1 Build more green areas. Local governments opened up large areas of land for public gardens. Although many buildings are attractive, few things can make a city more beautiful than greenery (绿化). Let’s take a well-known eco-friendly city as an example. 2 It has many public gardens and uses the tops of houses as small gardens of the whole city. Encourage the use of public transport. 3 Public transportation has been welcomed in many cities. To this end, improving the choices of public transportation in the city can be very helpful. Besides, it also helps protect the environment and provides a safer way to travel. 4 Historical places are much more than old things. They add special beauty to a city and show its unique culture and important history. 5 Protecting natural areas can also bring the same positive effects. It is our duty to protect our cities and make them more sustainable. Let’s start doing this right now. A．Protect both historical sites and natural areas. B．There are three main ways to help cities make great improvements. C．If everyone drives a private car, it will surely increase air pollution. D．One famous example is Singapore, one of the greenest cities in the world. E．The unique beauty of these places will attract people from other areas. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．E 【导语】本文主要讲述了通过三种主要方法使城市更加可持续发展的建议。 【详解】1．根据“We need to use available methods to make cities more sustainable.”以及后文分点列出三种改善城市的举措可知，此处需要总起句引出下文三种方法，B选项“有三种主要方式助力城市实现大幅改善”承接上文、总领下文分论点。 2．根据“Let’s take a well-known eco-friendly city as an example.”可知，此处需要填入具体的生态城市事例，D选项“一个知名范例是新加坡，全球绿化最好的城市之一”承接上文举例要求，与后文新加坡绿化细节呼应。 3．根据小标题“Encourage the use of public transport.”可知本段围绕公共交通展开，C选项“如果人人都开私家车，必然会加剧空气污染”从私家车弊端反向凸显公共交通的必要性，贴合本段主题。 4．根据后文分述历史古迹、自然区域两类保护内容，A选项“同时保护历史古迹与自然区域”作为本段小标题，概括本段核心论述对象。 5．根据“They add special beauty to a city and show its unique culture and important history.”以及后一句“Protecting natural areas can also bring the same positive effects.”可知，此处讲述历史古迹的价值，E选项“这些地方独特的美景会吸引各地游人”承接上文古迹美感，引出后文自然区域的同等益处。 Passage 7 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯、意思完整。 Look at the Earth from space. Why does our planet look so blue? 1 Water is not just an important part of our planet. It is an important part of our body, too. More than half of our total body weight is water. 2 That’s why we need to drink plenty of water every day. We drink water. We use it to cook, clean, and carry waste out of our homes. Farmers use it to grow vegetables and crops (庄稼) like rice and corn; factories use it to make products. Since the 1950s, the amount (数量) of water people use has increased by three times. 3 Scientists worry that soon there won’t be enough water for us, as well as for the animals and plants that share our world. What can we do to help? Use water wisely. Having enough water isn’t our only problem. 4 Right now, ships and factories are putting wastes into seas, rivers and so on. Even chemicals that farmers use are running into rivers and lakes. 5 It can also harm fish and other water-living lives. We must do something to stop pollution. It’s the best way to protect our world’s most valuable natural resource. A．We also need it clean. B．But the water supply hasn’t. C．All this pollution can make the water dangerous to drink. D．Our body loses water whenever we exercise or go to the toilet (厕所). E．It’s blue because water covers almost three quarters of the Earth’s surface. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了水对地球和人类的重要性，指出了水资源面临的短缺危机以及水污染问题，并呼吁人们保护水资源。 【详解】1．前文抛出问题“Why does our planet look so blue?”，E选项“It’s blue because water covers almost three quarters of the Earth’s surface.”正好回答了这个疑问，解释蓝色的成因，上下文衔接自然。 2．后文“That’s why we need to drink plenty of water every day.”说明了我们每日需要大量饮水的缘由，D选项“Our body loses water whenever we exercise or go to the toilet.”讲述身体会流失水分，正好构成需要补水的原因，逻辑适配。 3．前半句“Since the 1950s, the amount of water people use has increased by three times.”表明人类用水量上涨了三倍，B选项“But the water supply hasn’t.”表示水的供应量却没有随之增长，前后形成转折，引出后文科学家担忧水资源不足的内容。 4．前文“Having enough water isn’t our only problem.”说明水量充足并不是我们面临的唯一难题，A选项“We also need it clean.”递进补充我们还需要洁净的水资源，顺利过渡到下文水污染的话题。 5．前文列举船只、工厂、农业化学品造成水体污染的种种现象，C选项“All this pollution can make the water dangerous to drink.”总结上述污染带来的危害，同时衔接后文“It can also harm fish and other water-living lives.”介绍污染对水生生物的负面影响。 Passage 8 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 People have used leather for a very long time. Long ago, early humans made clothes from leather. Today, we still use leather to make shoes, bags, belts, and even car seats. Leather comes from animal skin, usually cows. But now, some people think we don’t need real leather anymore. 1 Some of these are made from plastic, which can hurt the Earth. Others are made from plants, like mushrooms, pineapples, and cacti. Some scientists can even grow leather in a lab using tiny cells from animals. 2 The following are the different viewpoints of two students. Kathy: 3 Many people think it’s unacceptable to wear a fur coat, so why is it OK to wear a leather one? It’s still made from an animal. Most of the leather we use is from cows, and cows give off gases that make the Earth hotter. Making leather also makes the air and water dirty. We don’t need to use leather anymore. 4 We can use these instead. John: Leather is still a good choice. Many people around the world eat meat, so it makes sense to use those animal skins for leather instead of letting them go to waste. 5 Fake leather（人造皮革） is often made from plastic, which does not break down and can make pollution worse. It also doesn’t last as long, so we may need to buy new things more often. A．We should stop using leather. B．Shall we stop using leather? C．Leather is strong, lasts a long time, and breaks down naturally when we throw it away. D．They want to use other materials that look and feel like leather but are not from animals. E．There are plant-based leathers that look nice, cost less, and don’t hurt animals. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文主要围绕是否应该停止使用皮革展开讨论并阐述了不同观点 【详解】1．前文提到一些人认为不再需要真正的皮革，后文介绍了一些非动物来源的类似皮革的材料，如塑料、植物等，D选项“They want to use other materials that look and feel like leather but are not from animals.”能很好地衔接上下文。 2．前文介绍了多种非传统皮革的材料来源，后文引出两个学生的不同观点，B选项“Shall we stop using leather?”起到承上启下的作用，引出下文关于是否停止使用皮革的讨论。 3．此处是Kathy观点的主旨句。后文她论述了皮革对动物和环境的危害，结论是不再需要皮革，A 项“We should stop using leather.”准确概括了她的立场。 4．前文说不再需要使用皮革，后文说可以用这些来替代，E选项“There are plant-based leathers that look nice, cost less, and don’t hurt animals.”，说明了可以用来替代皮革的植物基皮革的优点，符合语境。 5．John认为皮革仍然是个不错的选择，后面提到人造皮革的缺点，C选项“Leather is strong, lasts a long time, and breaks down naturally when we throw it away.”，阐述了皮革相比人造皮革的优点，符合John支持皮革的观点。 Passage 9 The human population is growing so fast and so is the number of things we use and throw away every day.   1 Luckily, with the support of our friends, families and classmates, there are many simple things we can do to protect the environment. Drive our cars less. There are many ways to get around, so we don’t need to drive. 2 Going together in one car is also a great way to get around and it means we can spend more time with our friends and families. It is a very good way to reduce air pollution. Use less electricity and water. 3 And remember to turn off small machines when you aren’t using them as it saves a lot of energy through the day. Something as simple as turning off the water while brushing your teeth can also make a big difference to the earth. Recycle what we have to reduce the harm to the earth. 4 A cloth bag is enough. And we can work together with our families to decide what objects can be recycled at home. 5 It’s never too late to make a small change as long as you put your heart into it. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．One little step for humans is a big jump for the environment. B．The simplest thing is to turn off the lights when we leave a room. C．It’s time for us to think of ways to change what we are doing to the planet. D．We can walk, ride a bike or take a bus to where we need to go. E．When we buy fruit and vegetables, we should be careful not to use too many plastic bags. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文主要写了几种简单可行的保护环境的方法，呼吁大家从小事爱护地球。 【详解】1．前文讲述人口增长、废弃物变多，点明环境问题严峻；后文“Luckily”引出我们能做小事保护环境。 C选项 “It’s time for us to think of ways to change what we are doing to the planet.（是时候想办法改变我们对地球的所作所为了）”承上启下，衔接环境问题和后文环保措施。 2．本段主题是少开车、多种出行方式。前句“there are many ways to get around（有很多出行方式）”，D选项“We can walk, ride a bike or take a bus to where we need to go.（我们可以步行、骑车或坐公交出行）”列举绿色出行方式，和后文拼车出行并列，逻辑匹配。 3．本段主题是节约水电。后文讲不用时关掉小型电器、刷牙关水龙头；B选项“The simplest thing is to turn off the lights when we leave a room.（最简单的就是离开房间关灯）”属于节约用电的具体做法，贴合段落主旨。 4．本段主题是回收利用、减少地球伤害。后句“A cloth bag is enough.（一个布袋就够了）”对应少用塑料袋，E选项“When we buy fruit and vegetables, we should be careful not to use too many plastic bags.（买蔬果时尽量少用塑料袋）”完美衔接布袋的内容。 5．此处是全文结尾总结，后文“It’s never too late to make a small change（做出微小改变永远不晚）”呼应A选项“One little step for humans is a big jump for the environment.（人类一小步，环境一大步）”，升华全文“小事保护环境”的核心。 Passage 10 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 The ocean is home to water animals and water plants, especially water animals. It’s full of a lot of amazing animals. 1 According to a study, there are about 171 trillion (万亿) pieces of plastic in the sea. This is bad news for sea animals such as whales. 2 Eating plastic is dangerous for them. The plastic can build up in their stomachs and even lead to death. 3 A team at the Duke University Marine Lab in America has been looking into this question. The team’s research explains the reason. The problem all comes down to a process called echolocation (回声定位). Some kinds of whales search for food deep in the ocean where there’s little light. 4 But they can use echolocation to “hear” objects. However, scientists find that plastic and food cause similar echoes. That tricks the whales into eating plastic. Nowadays, many sea animals are in great danger. We should stop polluting the sea and try our best to make it clean. 5 A．However, it’s also full of plastic. B．How do whales mix (混淆) plastic up with food? C．It’s too dark for the whales to see. D．They may think the plastic is food. E．Let’s work together to save the animals! 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．E 【导语】本文主要讲述了海洋塑料污染对鲸鱼等海洋动物的危害，科学解释了鲸鱼误食塑料的原因（回声定位），并呼吁人们保护海洋环境及动物。 【详解】1．前文介绍海洋拥有大量神奇海洋生物，后文给出海洋塑料垃圾的海量数据，A选项“However, it’s also full of plastic.”用however形成转折，引出海洋塑料污染这一负面问题，前后语义对比衔接自然。 2．前文表明塑料污染对鲸鱼等海洋生物是坏消息，后文讲解吞食塑料的危害，D选项“They may think the plastic is food.”说明鲸鱼会把塑料误认成食物，解释它们吞食塑料的行为，承接前后内容。 3．后文说明美国杜克大学海洋实验室团队一直在研究这个问题，还阐释背后原理，B选项“How do whales mix plastic up with food?”抛出核心疑问，引出下文科研团队的研究解答，起到设问过渡作用。 4．前文提到部分深海觅食区域光线极少，后文说明鲸鱼依靠回声定位感知物体，C选项“It’s too dark for the whales to see.”解释深海光线不足、鲸鱼无法靠视觉分辨事物，为后文回声定位做铺垫，逻辑通顺。 5．前文呼吁停止海洋污染、净化海洋环境，E选项“Let’s work together to save the animals!”发出共同行动拯救海洋生物的倡议，收束全文、升华主旨。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 March 22nd is World Water Day every year. According to a report from the United Nations, more than half of the world’s major rivers have serious water loss and are polluted. The Yellow River, the world’s sixth-longest river, watered some of the oldest farms on earth. But now it has a serious problem. 1 In most of the past 35 years, it didn’t reach the sea. The Nile in Egypt runs 6,650 km and it is the longest river in the world. 2 Now it is down to 2 billion m3 or so. Australia’s Murray River reaches the sea only every other year. One-fifth of America’s Rio Grande has no water, either. 3 Mostly it’s damming (筑坝) and global warming that make rivers dry. Dams hold water to irrigate (灌溉) fields and make power. Now about 45,000 of them lie across the world’s rivers. 4 Global warming is making things worse. Warmer weather takes water away. The glaciers (冰川) are becoming smaller. 5 Global warming has had certain effects on water sources. Droughts happening around the world make people pay more attention to this fact. A．They hold back around 15% of the world’s fresh water from running to the sea. B．The source of the Yellow River is drying up because of it. C．It used to carry 32 billion m3 of water a year. D．How does it happen? E．Its source (源头) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is drying up. 【答案】1．E 5．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界主要河流面临的水量减少和污染问题，并分析了筑坝和全球变暖是导致河流干涸的主要原因。 【详解】1．根据第2段“But now it has a serious problem.”以及后文“In most of the past 35 years, it didn’t reach the sea.”可知，此处应具体说明黄河面临的问题。选项E“它在青藏高原的源头正在枯竭。”符合语境。 2．根据第3段“Now it is down to 2 billion m³ or so.”可知，此处应与过去的水量数据形成对比。选项C“它过去每年输送 320 亿立方米的水。”符合语境。 3．根据第4段“Mostly it’s damming and global warming that make rivers dry.”可知，此处应是一个引出原因解释的问句。选项D“这是怎么发生的？”符合语境。 4．根据第5段“Now about 45,000 of them lie across the world’s rivers.”可知，此处应继续说明这些水坝对水流的影响。选项A“它们阻挡了大约15%的世界淡水流向大海。”符合语境。 5．根据第6段“Global warming is making things worse.”及“The glaciers are becoming smaller.”可知，此处说明全球变暖造成的具体后果，且“it”指代全球变暖。选项B“黄河的源头正因为此而正在枯竭。”符合语境。 Passage 2 We all love watching firework shows, but let’s stop and think about the price we pay for just a few minutes of excitement. First, the money we spend on fireworks is so much. 1 What we are really doing is burning money. Yet, year after year, thousands of cities and towns spend so much money on firework shows. The money should be used to feed the hungry and house the homeless. Second, there is the matter of pollution. Fireworks have chemicals that are harmful to people and animals. 2 Third, let’s consider the rubbish left behind after a firework show. People just enjoy the beautiful fireworks in the sky, but they don’t care what is left on the ground. 3 Fourth, 4 Some of them can be harmful to your hearing, especially the fireworks used in public shows that give off a big BANG. Losing your hearing is too high a price to pay. 5 Children from the ages of five to fourteen are the ones most often injured. In my opinion, public firework shows should be kept to a minimum (最少量). Those people who organize firework shows should clean up the mess they make. Also, kids should be very careful with fireworks. A．fireworks are dangerous. B．The excitement disappears quickly. C．Thousands of people are injured by fireworks every year. D．They will pollute the air we breathe and the water we drink. E．The mess on the ground shows they don’t care about our environment. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了烟花表演虽然令人兴奋，但带来了巨大的金钱浪费、环境污染、垃圾残留和安全隐患等问题，呼吁减少公共烟花表演，并提醒相关人员和儿童注意安全。 【详解】1．根据第一段“First, the money we spend on fireworks is so much.”提到花钱太多，后文说“What we are really doing is burning money.我们真正做的是在烧钱”，B选项“The excitement disappears quickly.”承接前文，说明兴奋感消失很快，与花大量钱只换来几分钟兴奋形成对比。 2．根据第二段“there is the matter of pollution. Fireworks have chemicals that are harmful to people and animals.”提到污染和有害化学物质，D选项“They will pollute the air we breathe and the water we drink.”是对污染的具体说明。 3．根据第三段“let’s consider the rubbish left behind after a firework show.”提到垃圾问题，E选项“The mess on the ground shows they don’t care about our environment.”承接垃圾话题，说明人们不关心环境。 4．根据第四段后文提到“Some of them can be harmful to your hearing”以及“Losing your hearing is too high a price to pay.烟花对听力的损害”，A选项“fireworks are dangerous.”引出危险性话题，统领本段。 5．根据第四段“Children from the ages of five to fourteen are the ones most often injured.”提到儿童受伤，C选项“Thousands of people are injured by fireworks every year.”作为总结，说明每年成千上万人因烟花受伤，与前文呼应。 Passage 3 阅读短文及文后A ~ E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In northern China, three large deserts were slowly moving toward each other. If they met, many homes would be lost. 1 Cloud planting is a way to grow trees in hard-to-reach areas. First, workers fill aircraft with seeds of desert-friendly plants like the suosuo tree. 2 This method works best on the edges of deserts where less than 5% of the land has plants. The seeds usually fall in June or July, when there is more rain to help them grow. In the 1980s, there were no satellites to guide the planes. Workers marked the areas with red flags and mirrors. 3 Their hard work paid off. Over the past forty years, cloud planting has helped turn about 470,000 hectares of desert into green areas. These areas now stop the two deserts from meeting. 4 At first, fast-growing trees like poplars and elms were used, but they did not live long in the dry land. So scientists changed to local species such as the suosuo tree. These native plants grow well with little water and help hold the sand. Thanks to cloud planting, forest coverage in the area has risen. 5 More than 30,000 local people now work in the forestry and tourism industries. Cloud planting shows that with creativity and hard work, even the driest deserts can be turned into hope. A．They walked for hours under the hot sun, carrying tools and food. B．Choosing the right seeds was also important. C．Then, they fly over sandy land and spread the seeds from above. D．The green areas not only protect the land but also bring new jobs. E．To stop this, local people tried an unusual method called “cloud planting”. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了中国北方通过“云植树”这一创新方法治理沙漠化、恢复植被以及由此带来的生态和经济效益。 【详解】1．空前提到“In northern China, three large deserts were slowly moving toward each other. If they met, many homes would be lost.”，空处应与这一危机有关。选项E“To stop this, local people tried an unusual method called ‘cloud planting’.”是针对该一危机的解决方法，其中的“To stop this”指代上文提到的沙漠逼近问题，并引出下文对云植树的介绍。 2．空前提到“First, workers fill aircraft with seeds of desert-friendly plants like the suosuo tree.”，说明空处应描述接下来的步骤。选项C“Then, they fly over sandy land and spread the seeds from above.”中的“Then”与上文的“First”构成时间顺序，符合植树流程。 3．空前提到“Workers marked the areas with red flags and mirrors.”，空后提到“Their hard work paid off.”，说明空处应具体描述工人的辛苦工作。选项A“They walked for hours under the hot sun, carrying tools and food.”具体描绘了地面工作的艰辛，与上下文语境一致。 4．空后提到“At first, fast-growing trees like poplars and elms were used…So scientists changed to local species such as the suosuo tree…”，这说明本段主要讨论树种的选择。选项B“Choosing the right seeds was also important.”作为主题句概括了本段内容。 5．空后提到“Thanks to cloud planting, forest coverage in the area has risen.”，空后提到“More than 30,000 local people now work in the forestry and tourism industries.”，说明此处应连接生态改善与就业。选项D“The green areas not only protect the land but also bring new jobs.”承上启下，符合逻辑。 Passage 4 Earth Day is celebrated every year on April 22. It is a special day to think about the Earth and learn about its problems. 1 Here are some ways you and your community can help. Start with small things. 2 For example, you can drink from reusable water bottles rather than use plastic ones. Don’t forget to recycle paper and cans, doing your part to reduce waste at home. Plant native (本地的) plants. Planting local trees and flowers helps animals and makes your garden or neighborhood look nice. 3 This is another way to reduce pollution because you can eat the food you grow and reduce pollution from trucks bringing food from far away. 4 Think of ways to help the Earth and share your ideas with others. You could ask your school to organize a neighborhood cleanup, inspiring friends and family to help as well. Join events. On Earth Day, people across the world will come together at special events, such as a march, a beach cleanup, or a nature walk. 5 By sharing and working together, you can create a better world for everyone. A．Call on more people. B．You can try to change small habits. C．People are encouraged to take actions. D．You could even start a vegetable garden. E．Check earthday.org to find events near you. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．E 【导语】本文通过列举保护环境的四种实用做法，号召大家关注地球现状与环境问题，呼吁大家携手共建美好地球。 【详解】1．前文介绍了地球日的意义，后文列举了各种环保办法，C选项“People are encouraged to take actions.”指出人们要采取行动，承上启下，符合逻辑。 2．空后“For example, you can drink from reusable water bottles rather than use plastic ones.”举例说明要使用可重复利用的水杯，符合B选项“You can try to change small habits.”从小事做起的具体做法，且与本段小标题“Start with small things.”相呼应。 3．空后“you can eat the food you grow”提到可以吃自己种植的食物，D选项“You could even start a vegetable garden.”与种植植物直接相关，符合逻辑。 4．空后“Think of ways to help the Earth and share your ideas with others...as well.”涉及分享和鼓励亲友参与的内容，A选项“Call on more people.”概括本段主题，符合小标题要求。 5．空前“On Earth Day, people across the world will come together at special events, such as a march, a beach cleanup, or a nature walk.”列举了各类地球日活动，E选项“Check earthday.org to find events near you.”提供参与活动的具体途径，逻辑连贯。 Passage 5 阅读以下文章，在所给的A–E五个选项中选择合适句子填入文中空缺处。 In China, something amazing is happening. Many old landfills, once called “garbage mountains,” are changing. They are no longer just smelly places. 1 They are becoming valuable green spaces, energy sources or even land for new industries. How is this change possible? There are mainly three ways. First, some are turned into beautiful parks or green lands. For example, a big landfill in Hangzhou is now an ecological park with trees and clean air. 2 It shows that taking care of the environment can also bring benefits to the community. Second, technology helps us use waste as a resource. People now turn waste into electricity, gas or building materials. In Fuzhou, there is a special industrial park where almost nothing is wasted. The garbage is “eaten up” to produce things we can use. 3 This not only deals with waste but also creates new value. Finally, in big cities where land is very expensive, old landfills are being completely cleaned up. 4 In Shenzhen, a huge old landfill was removed. The cleaned land will be used to build a new center for future industries like artificial intelligence. This turns a past problem into a future opportunity. 5 It mixes environmental care, smart technology and good planning. It proves that protecting our planet can go hand in hand with creating a better, richer life for everyone. A．The park is loved by people living nearby. B．This clean energy can power thousands of homes. C．Instead, they are starting a new and useful life. D．The goal is to create clean land for new industries and buildings. E．This change from waste to wealth is truly wonderful. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文介绍了中国旧垃圾填埋场从 “垃圾山” 转变为绿地、能源或产业用地的三种方式，展现了变废为宝的环保创新实践。 【详解】1．根据前文“They are no longer just smelly places.”和后文“They are becoming valuable green spaces, energy sources or even land for new industries.”可知，此处需体现转折关系，说明垃圾填埋场开启了新的有用的生命，对应选项C“Instead, they are starting a new and useful life.”，故选C。 2．根据前文“a big landfill in Hangzhou is now an ecological park with trees and clean air.”可知，此处需延续公园的例子，说明公园的受欢迎程度，对应选项A“The park is loved by people living nearby.”，故选A。 3．根据前文“The garbage is 'eaten up' to produce things we can use.”和后文“This not only deals with waste but also creates new value.”可知，此处需说明垃圾转化的能源用途，对应选项B“This clean energy can power thousands of homes.”，故选B。 4．根据前文“old landfills are being completely cleaned up.”和后文“the cleaned land will be used to build a new center for future industries”可知，此处需说明清理的目的，对应选项D“The goal is to create clean land for new industries and buildings.”，故选D。 5．根据后文“It mixes environmental care, smart technology and good planning. It proves that protecting our planet can go hand in hand with creating a better, richer life for everyone.”可知，此处需总结全文变废为宝的主题，对应选项E“This change from waste to wealth is truly wonderful.”，故选E。 Passage 6 Can you say things that harm our environment? 1 However, agriculture (农业), which produces your food, is more harmful to the environment than cars, trucks, trains, and airplanes combined (总共的). Chemicals used on farms run into rivers and lakes and pollute them. When rainforests and grasslands are cleared for farm animals and crops, the result is often the extinction (灭绝) of wildlife. 2 These gases are a big cause of global warming. By 2050, the world population will be larger. The problem of feeding people will be more serious. How can we increase the amount of food and maintain (守住) a healthy planet? 3 ☆It’s important to stop cutting down forests for agriculture. This is destructive (破坏的) to the environment. ☆ 4 Producing meat leads to global warming. ☆We need to stop wasting food. In rich countries, about 50 percent of food goes to waste. In poor countries, a lot of food is lost between the farmer and the market because storage and transportation are not efficient. 5 But if we don’t try, the result will be terrible for future generations (代). All of us have to consider the connection between the food on our plates, the farmers who produce it, and the effect on the planet. Our food choices will decide our future. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 A．Here are some suggestions. B．We’d better not eat so much meat. C．It won’t be easy to make these changes. D．Many methods of farming produce harmful gases into the air. E．If you say smoke from factories, that’s a big part of the problem. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了农业对环境的危害远超交通工具，通过减少肉类消费、停止毁林开荒、减少食物浪费等措施，我们可以在满足粮食需求的同时保护地球环境。 【详解】1．前文提问“Can you say things that harm our environment?”，后文用“However”转折指出农业危害更大，此处需要回应前面的提问。E项“If you say smoke from factories, that’s a big part of the problem.”以假设方式回答工厂烟尘是问题的一部分，与后文构成转折关系。 2．前文描述农业化学品污染水源、开垦导致野生动物灭绝，后文指出“These gases are a big cause to global warming.”，此处需要说明气体的来源。D项“Many methods of farming produce harmful gases into the air.”解释了农业方式产生有害气体，与后文“These gases”形成指代衔接。 3．前文提出“How can we increase the amount of food and maintain a healthy planet?”，后文分条列出具体做法，此处需要引出建议。A项“Here are some suggestions.”作为过渡句，自然引出下文的三条建议。 4．前文为第一条建议“停止砍伐森林”，后文“Producing meat leads to global warming.”说明生产肉类导致全球变暖，此处需要提出与肉类相关的建议。B项“We’d better not eat so much meat.”符合语境，与后文构成因果关系。 5．后文“But if we don’t try, the result will be terrible...”用转折指出不尝试的后果，此处需要说明做出改变的难度。C项“It won’t be easy to make these changes.”与后文构成让步转折关系，符合段落逻辑。 Passage 7 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 Many people know Shanghai’s beautiful night view, especially the colorful lights from the buildings. 1 However, too much light becomes a kind of pollution. Many of us pay little attention to this pollution or even ignore (忽略) it. In fact, it causes a lot of problems. 2 Too much light can do harm to our health. First, it can make us feel bad and we can’t sleep well. Second, lights need electricity, and creating electricity will give off greenhouse gases. 3 Third, studies show people living under bright light for long can have cancer more easily. Too much light may be even harmful to wild animals. Thousands of birds die from it each year. Some hit into the lighted buildings, because they can’t see clearly in the strong light. Some birds sometimes lose their ways in the bright light. 4 5 Hopefully, in the near future, humans and all the wildlife will live in an environment without light pollution. A．In order to prevent things from going worse, governments and some organizations are working to reduce light pollution. B．Sea turtles can’t find the dark beaches to lay their eggs. C．Light helps us see and makes the city more beautiful. D．This affects the air and causes breathing problems. E．Light pollution can be almost as bad as carbon dioxide pollution. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了光污染的危害及应对措施。 【详解】1．根据“Many people know Shanghai’s beautiful night view, especially the colorful lights from the buildings.”以及“However, too much light becomes a kind of pollution.”可知，此处需衔接“光的积极作用”与“光污染的消极影响”，选项C“光帮助我们看清事物，让城市更美丽。”符合语境，先肯定光的好处，再转折引出污染问题。故选C。 2．根据“In fact, it causes a lot of problems.”以及下文具体说明光污染的危害可知，此处需一个过渡句，强调光污染的严重性，选项E“光污染几乎和二氧化碳污染一样严重。”符合语境，引出下文对具体危害的阐述。故选E。 3．根据“Second, lights need electricity, and creating electricity will give off greenhouse gases.”以及“Third, studies show people living under bright light for long can have cancer more easily.”可知，此处需说明气体对健康的影响，选项D“这会影响空气，导致呼吸问题。”承接上文“释放气体”，解释其后果。故选D。 4．根据“Too much light may be even harmful to wild animals. Thousands of birds die from it each year. Some hit into the lighted buildings, because they can’t see clearly in the strong light. Some birds sometimes lose their ways in the bright light.”可知，此处需补充另一个野生动物受影响的例子，选项B“海龟找不到黑暗的海滩产卵。”符合语境，进一步说明光对野生动物的危害。故选B。 5．根据“Hopefully, in the near future, humans and all the wildlife will live in an environment without light pollution.”可知，此处需说明为实现这一目标的行动，选项A“为了防止情况恶化，政府和一些组织正努力减少光污染。”符合语境，说明正在采取的措施，衔接未来展望。故选A。 Passage 8 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 We often talk about the greenhouse effect, climate change and global warming in our daily life. 1 As a student, what can you do to reduce your carbon footprint? Here are just a few ideas. Raise awareness Your school community might not know much about things like greenhouse gases or climate change. 2 Things like school projects can help to educate students and their family about the importance of protecting the environment. This can help these around you to reduce their footprints. Shut off computers An IT lab with rows of idling (未熄火的) computers takes up a lot of energy. You can keep these computers turned off when they’re not in use. 3 Use local food This is a tip for just about every area of life. 4 If you can get your school to use local and fresh food for the kitchen, you can help save the planet and help local businesses. Take local trips 5 Instead of going to far places that require planes or trains, stick to something close by. Your emissions will be far lower, and you’ll contribute to the environment. Follow these ways, and you can make a big difference to the environment. You can even live a more eco-friendly life in no time at all. A．Locally-grown produce takes less energy to ship. B．Try and work towards field trips that are nearby. C．It’s a good way to reduce your school’s energy bills. D．You can change that by raising awareness of these issues. E．In fact, these terms are connected to the idea of a carbon footprint. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要围绕如何减少碳足迹展开，介绍了在日常生活中可以采取的一些措施，包括提高对温室效应、气候变化和全球变暖等问题的认识、关闭不用的电脑、使用本地食物、进行本地旅行等，以帮助保护环境，过上更环保的生活。 【详解】1．根据前文“We often talk about the greenhouse effect, climate change and global warming in our daily life.”可知，我们在日常生活中经常谈论温室效应、气候变化和全球变暖。由此推知，空格处应进一步说明这些术语与碳足迹的关系。选项E“事实上，这些术语与碳足迹的概念相关联。”符合语境，故选E。 2．根据前文“Your school community might not know much about things like greenhouse gases or climate change.”可知，你的学校社区可能对温室气体或气候变化等了解不多。由此推知，空格处应说明如何改变这种状况。选项D“你可以通过提高对这些问题的认识来改变这一点。”符合语境，故选D。 3．根据前文“An IT lab with rows of idling computers takes up a lot of energy. You can keep these computers turned off when they’re not in use.”可知，一个摆满闲置电脑的IT实验室会消耗大量能源，你可以在不使用这些电脑时保持关闭状态。由此推知，空格处应说明这样做的好处。选项C“这是减少学校能源账单的好方法。”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据前文“Use local food”和后文“If you can get your school to use local and fresh food for the kitchen, you can help save the planet and help local businesses.”可知，空格处应说明使用本地食物的好处。选项A“本地种植的农产品运输所需的能源更少。”符合语境，故选A。 5．根据前文“Take local trips”和后文“Instead of going to far places that require planes or trains, stick to something close by. Your emissions will be far lower, and you’ll contribute to the environment.”可知，空格处应说明进行本地旅行的好处或建议。选项B“尽量选择附近的实地考察旅行。”符合语境，故选B。 Passage 9 Fairfield School is called “the greenest school in Britain”, because the pupils and the teachers at the school think it’s very important to look after the environment. 1 Growing vegetables The pupils in Fairfield School started their own vegetable garden. Both children and teachers plant and water the seeds, and then they pick the vegetables. The vegetables are used in school meals. 2 “School lunches are tastier than ever before!” says one pupil. Recycling The Fairfield pupils don’t just bring their books to school—they bring their rubbish, too! There are recycling bins in the playground for plastic bags, plastic bottles, paper and so on. 3 Planting trees Now every child has planted their own trees. 4 They’ve made the view from the classroom more beautiful! Finding cleaner ways to get around 5 “When the roads are busy, it’s faster to ride bikes than to go by car anyway,” says one pupil. Even the teachers don’t use their cars. “We don’t encourage our pupils to look after the environment if we don’t do it ourselves!” says one teacher. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．The teachers give a prize every month to the pupil who has tried the hardest to recycle. B．The following is what they are doing. C．Everyone walks or rides a bike to Fairfield School. D．They look after their own trees during the week. E．Now they can all enjoy healthy food at lunch time. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了被称为“英国最环保的学校”的Fairfield学校，该校的学生和老师认为保护环境非常重要，并详细描述了他们为保护环境所采取的行动，包括种植蔬菜、回收物品、植树以及寻找更环保的出行方式。 【详解】1．根据上文“Fairfield School is called ‘the greenest school in Britain’, because the pupils and the teachers at the school think it’s very important to look after the environment.”可知，Fairfield学校被称为“英国最环保的学校”，因为该校的学生和老师认为保护环境非常重要。下文则具体介绍了他们为了保护环境所做的事情。B选项“以下是他们正在做的事情”起到了承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选B。 2．根据上文“The vegetables are used in school meals.”可知，这些蔬菜被用于学校餐食。E选项“现在他们都可以在午餐时间享受健康的食物了”与上文紧密相连，说明了蔬菜被用于学校餐食后带来的好处，符合语境。故选E。 3．根据上文“There are recycling bins in the playground for plastic bags, plastic bottles, paper and so on.”可知，操场上设置了回收箱，用于回收塑料袋、塑料瓶、纸张等。A选项“老师们每个月都会给最努力回收的学生颁发奖品”与上文紧密相连，进一步说明了学校在回收方面的举措和激励措施，符合语境。故选A。 4．根据上文“Now every child has planted their own trees.”可知，现在每个孩子都种了自己的树。D选项“他们在这一周内照顾自己的树”与上文紧密相连，说明了孩子们种树后的责任和行动，符合语境。故选D。 5．根据下文“‘When the roads are busy, it’s faster to ride bikes than to go by car anyway,’ says one pupil. Even the teachers don’t use their cars.”可知，一个学生说：“当道路繁忙时，骑自行车总比开车快。”甚至老师们也不使用汽车。C选项“每个人都步行或骑自行车去Fairfield学校”与下文紧密相连，说明了学校师生为了保护环境而选择的出行方式，符合语境。故选C。 Passage 10 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 Plastic pollution is a serious problem, and it’s getting worse. Plastic can stay for a long time. Scientists are trying to create plastic that breaks down quickly, but the best way for now is to use less plastic. 1 Stop using plastic bags. Instead, take your own reusable shopping bag to the store. Every year, people use tons of plastic bags worldwide. Some countries try to stop using plastic bags. 2 Say no to the straw (吸管). A study showed that around 8.3 billion plastic straws cover the world’s beaches. So when you order a drink, say no to the straw, or bring your own reusable one. 3 Carry a reusable water bottle with you. Around the world, nearly a million plastic bottles are thrown away every minute. The problem is so bad that in some countries, stores aren’t allowed to sell bottled water any more. Avoid plastic packaging (包装). 4 It’s almost everywhere. But there is something you can do, too: avoid fruit or vegetables packed in plastic. Recycle what you can. You can’t recycle all plastic things. 5 For example, you can recycle bottles and milk or juice bags. In some countries, machines take the bottles and give a little money back for each bottle. A．Don’t buy bottled water. B．But it is possible to start small. C．Here are five tips that can help you. D．Other countries make customers pay for them. E．Most things you buy come in plastic packaging. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。围绕“塑料污染”这一严重问题展开，指出塑料残留时间长，当前最有效的解决方式是减少塑料使用，随后从“停止使用塑料袋、拒绝塑料吸管、不购买瓶装水、避免塑料包装、回收可回收塑料”五个方面给出具体实用的建议，帮助人们在日常生活中践行减塑行动。 【详解】1．根据前文“but the best way for now is to use less plastic”及后文列举的五条减塑建议可知，前文提出“减少塑料使用”的核心观点，后文是具体实施方法，选项C“这里有五个能帮到你的建议”起到承上启下的作用，既回应前文“减少塑料使用”的需求，又引出后文的具体建议，故选C。 2．根据“Some countries try to stop using plastic bags.”可知，前文提到“一些国家尝试停止使用塑料袋”，选项D“其他国家让消费者为塑料袋付费”。以“其他国家”与“一些国家”形成并列，补充了不同国家应对塑料袋的措施，衔接自然，故选D。 3．根据“Carry a reusable water bottle with you. Around the world, nearly a million plastic bottles are thrown away every minute.”可知，后文围绕“塑料瓶”的危害及“携带可重复使用水瓶”的建议展开，选项A“不要购买瓶装水”作为该段落的主旨句，明确核心建议，呼应后文“减少塑料瓶使用”的内容，故选A。 4．根据“Avoid plastic packaging.”及“It’s almost everywhere.”可知，前文提出“避免塑料包装”的建议，后文强调“塑料包装几乎无处不在”，选项E“你买的大多数东西都有塑料包装”解释了“塑料包装无处不在”的具体表现，衔接前文建议与后文的现状描述，故选E。 5．根据“You can’t recycle all plastic things.”及“For example, you can recycle bottles and milk or juice bags.”可知，前文说明“并非所有塑料都能回收”，后文举例“可以回收瓶子、牛奶或果汁袋”，选项B“但从小处着手是可行的”通过“but”转折，缓解“不能全部回收”的局限感，引出“回收部分塑料”的具体做法，逻辑连贯，故选B。 ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $