Unit 1 The Changing World 阅读还原5选5（热点题型专练）英语新教材仁爱科普版九年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“人与社会——家乡与社会生活变迁”主题，通过“基础-拔高”分层设计，系统训练阅读还原5选5题型，强化语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |巩固基础·专项突破|10篇短文|阅读还原5选5，主题涵盖家乡变化、阅读方式、城乡生活等基础话题|从具体生活场景切入，围绕“过去-现在”对比展开，培养信息匹配与逻辑衔接能力| |培优拔高·挑战攻坚|7篇短文|阅读还原5选5，涉及中国发展、国际视角、科技影响等深度话题|深化社会变迁主题，融入跨文化对比与批判性思维，提升语篇理解与推理能力|

Unit 1 The Changing World 阅读还原 5 选 5 （话题：人与社会——家乡与社会生活变迁） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 On a busy subway in Beijing, many people quietly read e-books or listen to audio-books (有声书). Reading is no longer a special activity. 1 People read while waiting in line, on the bus, and even before going to sleep. Changes in the way people read 2 In the past, reading was closely connected with examinations and social mobility (社会阶层流动). Books were a key to getting better chances. And paper books were people’s main way of reading. Today, the love of reading is still strong. But the way people read has changed a lot. 3 Readers don’t need to go to physical shelves. With a phone or tablet, books are always easy to get and read. A better environment for reading Behind this change is a richer reading environment. China now offers over 70 million digital titles. These include biography, history, science, and so on. Online literature has also developed quickly and many works have improved in quality. 4 At the same time, the government is building a reading society by encouraging reading festivals, book shows and book-sharing programs in different neighborhoods every year. These activities are very helpful for both cities and the countryside. 5 In the countryside, reading activities bring books closer to daily life. Today, reading is easier, richer, and offers wider choices. Although its forms keep changing, people’s love of reading remains strong. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．It has become part of everyday life. B．More readers now use digital products. C．Some have become popular across the country. D．In cities, reading festivals draw many people. E．Chinese people have loved reading for a long time. Passage 2 从 A-E 五个选项中选出五个填入短文空缺处，使短文完整流畅 Life in the City and the Countryside Many people are moving from the countryside to the city. 1 The city offers more job opportunities and better education. However, city life is not for everyone. 2 The streets are always crowded with people and cars. The cost of living is also much higher. On the other hand, life in the countryside is quieter and slower. 3 People there have more space and fresher air. They can enjoy a simpler life. But the countryside also has its challenges. 4 There are fewer schools and hospitals. Young people often have to leave to find good jobs. Each place has its own advantages and disadvantages. 5 Some prefer the excitement of the city, while others enjoy the peace of the countryside. A．It is often noisy and busy. B．The choice depends on personal preference. C．There are many reasons for this. D．It is less developed in some areas. E．People can enjoy fresh air and beautiful views. Passage 3 How to Record Changes in Your Hometown A hometown project should be more than a collection of attractive “before and after” photographs. Done carefully, it can explain how people lived, what they valued and why a change took place. 1 Start with one clear question. Instead of asking how the whole town has changed, study transport, shopping, housing or leisure in one area. A smaller topic helps you decide what evidence is truly useful. 2 Take the new photograph at about the same time of day, and record the date, place and direction from which both pictures were taken. Next, interview people of different ages and jobs. Prepare the same main questions so that answers can be compared, but leave time for each person to add details. 3 A bus timetable may prove how often buses once ran; an old receipt can show changes in prices or shopping habits. Do not present change as completely good or completely bad. A new road may shorten a journey but bring noise. Online shopping may help busy families while making survival harder for a small local store. 4 Finally, organize your findings around the central question rather than displaying everything you collected. A timeline shows stages, while a map explains changes in space. End with a question about the future. 5 In this way, the project connects memory with evidence and invites residents to think about what should happen next. A．Objects and written records can make spoken memories more exact. B．The following steps can help turn separate materials into a trustworthy story. C．For example, ask what kind of town residents hope to build together. D．Then look for an old picture and return to the position where it was taken. E．Showing both gains and costs makes the project fairer and more useful. Passage 4 The world is changing faster than ever. How can we adapt to these changes? Here are some useful tips for you. 1 With the development of technology, new skills are needed every day. We should keep learning new things, such as computer skills, foreign languages or cooking. This can help us keep up with the changing world. Second, stay open-minded. Don’t be afraid of new things. 2 Try to understand different ideas and cultures. This can help us grow as a person. Third, communicate with others. 3 By talking to people from different backgrounds, we can learn more about the world and get new ideas. We can also share our own thoughts with others. Fourth, take care of the environment. 4 We should try to reduce waste, save energy and protect natural resources. This can help us build a better world for future generations. Finally, enjoy the changes. 5 Every change brings new opportunities. We should try to see the good side of changes and make the most of them. A．Changes are not always bad. B．First, keep learning. C．Many changes are caused by human activities. D．The world is full of different people and cultures. E．Communication is a good way to learn and grow. Passage 5 In ancient China, people sent letters by pigeons and carried goods by horses. Communication was slow and difficult. Now great changes have taken place in communication. We can talk with family far away easily on mobile phones. 1 2 The Internet makes it possible for us to watch live shows, take online classes and shop at home. We can share pictures and videos with friends in seconds. However, every coin has two sides. 3 Some people spend too much time chatting online and ignore their family around them. We should make good use of communication tools. Use them to connect with people, but don’t let them take up all your free time. 4 5 We should enjoy the convenience and learn to use new technology properly. A．New technology brings us lots of convenience. B．We can also send messages quickly on the Internet. C．Online communication also brings some problems. D．It is also important to talk face to face with people. E．The world is becoming smaller because of modern communication. Passage 6 I come from a small town in China. 1 It was a small, quiet town with narrow dirt roads and old-fashioned houses. Most people worked as farmers, and there were very few modern tools. Life was peaceful but not always easy, especially when it rained and the roads turned muddy (泥泞的). Now, thanks to China’s rapid development, my hometown has changed a lot. 2 Streetlights line both sides of the roads. Tall apartment buildings and modern shopping malls stand where there were once empty fields. A new industrial zone (工业区) has brought in many companies. It has created thousands of job opportunities. 3 We now have a modern hospital with better medical technology. Our schools have smart classrooms with computers and the Internet. The town center has a beautiful new square, where people gather to exercise and relax in the evenings. The environment has also been carefully protected during the development. The government has planted thousands of trees and built several parks. A river that used to be polluted has been cleaned up. 4 These changes have brought us a more comfortable life, but we should also protect our hometown. While enjoying modern conveniences (便利设施), we must work together to protect our environment. 5 And I believe it will develop in an even better way. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺，内容完整。 A．Now people can see fish there again. B．What has improved most is public services. C．I’m proud of the great changes in my hometown. D．Wide and clean roads have replaced the old dirt streets. E．I still remember what my hometown was like when I was a child. Passage 7 Over the last few centuries, there have been many changes in our lives. 1 Planes were not very popular at that time because they used to be a very expensive way to travel. Nowadays, more and more people can travel by plane and we can take many other fast and comfortable vehicles. Secondly, in the past, people had to work much harder because they did not have the tools we have today. 2 Thirdly, in the past, the living conditions were not as good as they are now. 3 Many people could not buy things like fridges, air conditioners or washing machines. Now, most families have several of these things. Lastly, communication has become much easier than before. In the past, we kept in touch with others by writing letters or sending faxes, but now we have many other ways to choose from, such as making a phone call, sending emails or messages and chatting online. 4 Thanks to the technology, especially the internet, our lives have become much easier and happier than before. 5 Don’t you think so? A．We can even see each other while chatting online. B．I’m sure our lives will become more wonderful in the future. C．There were no bathrooms or running water in many houses. D．Firstly, people were not able to travel such a long distance in such a short time in the past. E．Today, most of the difficult and dangerous work is done by computers and machines. Passage 8 Nowadays, the world is changing faster than ever before. Let’s talk about some of these changes. 1 For example, fifty years ago, people used letters to communicate with each other. It took days or even weeks to get a reply. Now, we can send emails or messages, and we can get a reply in seconds. 2 In the past, people had to go to stores to buy things. Now, we can shop online and have things delivered to our homes. We don’t even need to leave our houses. 3 Many factories now use robots to do work that was done by humans before. This makes production faster and more efficient. However, it also means that some people lose their jobs. 4 The population of the world is growing rapidly. More people means more need for food, water, and energy. This brings some problems, like pollution and resource shortage. 5 But no matter what changes happen, we need to learn to adapt to them. We should try to use the good changes to improve our lives, and find ways to solve the problems brought by the changes. A．Another big change is in how we work. B．One of the biggest changes is in communication. C．The second change is in shopping. D．There are also changes in population. E．These changes affect every part of our lives. Passage 9 从A—E中选出合适的句子，还原短文。 Changes in Our Country China is developing quickly these years. Many great changes have appeared around us. 1 At that time, people lived in small old houses. They had few kinds of food to eat. Transportation was slow and inconvenient. People could hardly travel far. 2 People’s life becomes rich and colorful. Tall buildings stand everywhere in cities and towns. People live in bright and comfortable houses. 3 High-speed trains and new highways connect every corner of the country. People can travel anywhere in a short time. The environment is also improving. 4 More parks and green land appear in the city. Sandstorms are fewer than before. All these changes make us proud. 5 We are sure our country will become stronger and more beautiful. A．Traffic becomes much better. B．In the past, life was very difficult. C．Now everything has totally changed. D．The sky is bluer and the water is cleaner. E．We love the great changes in our country. Passage 10 阅读短文，从A—E中选择合适的句子填入文中空白处。 Great Changes in My Hometown My hometown is a small town. It has changed greatly in recent years. 1 People lived in small old houses. The roads were narrow. There were few shops and people had little entertainment. Most people went to work or school on foot. 2 Many tall buildings stand everywhere. More wider and cleaner roads connect different places. 3 People can take buses, cars or high-speed trains to travel around. The environment also becomes much better. 4 Rivers are clean again. People plant many trees and flowers to make our town beautiful. I love these changes. 5 I believe my hometown will become more wonderful in the future. A．Now life is quite different. B．In the past, life was very hard. C．Traffic is much more convenient now. D．I am proud of the development of my hometown. E．There are no more terrible sandstorms. 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 In the past few decades, China has been developing at a breathtaking speed, and its changes have surprised the world. 1 The most noticeable change is in China’s technology. Mobile payment (like Alipay and WeChat Pay) is everywhere. 2 High-speed trains are great too. They run fast and on time, helping people travel far in a short time. 3 More people live in big, nice apartments. The education system has also made great progress, with a large number of students getting high-quality education. The healthcare system is also better, keeping people healthy. Big cities like Shanghai have many tall buildings and busy business streets. In the field of international influence, China is playing an increasingly important role. It works with other countries through projects like the Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路倡议). 4 Chinese arts, like Peking Opera, are also loved by more people around the world. In a word, the changes in China are important for its own people. 5 We strongly believe that China’s development story will continue to surprise the world with its continuous progress. A．Besides, they have a far-reaching influence on the whole world. B．People use phones to pay for food, clothes and other things easily. C．The improvement in people’s living conditions is also seen in general. D．Foreigners who have visited or lived in China have seen these great changes firsthand. E．Chinese culture, including traditional festivals, is gaining more popularity globally. Passage 2 Recently, a very simple question became widely spread online: 1 A foreign girl living in China gave a very touching answer. Lanlan, whose real name is Negar Kordi, is from Canada. She came to China five years ago and is a student at Ningbo University. Now she has 120, 000 fans on the internet and the number is still growing. Lanlan loves China and Chinese. 2 And that’s why she is so well accepted among Chinese net friends. The following is China in her eye. “It is the easiest country in which to find a job. If you are not too lazy, it is really very simple to find a job in China. I believe there’re more job chances here than that in any other country in the world.” 3 About 400 million Chinese are studying English. If they can speak good English in the future, China will have the greatest number of English speakers in all non-English speaking countries. “The speed of Chinese trains is fast. From Wuhan to Guangzhou, the train runs 1,000 kilometres for four hours and the ticket fare is only 460 yuan.” “Its public security is great. 4 I have travelled in many countries, and I think China is really safe.” “There are many more things China should be proud of. Some Chinese people often criticize (批评) China. At first, I believed that they didn’t like China or loved Western countries. But later, I realized that they just set a very high standard for China. 5 China must be much better than other countries.” 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．What should China be proud of? B．The ability of foreign language is amazing. C．This country of 1.4 billion people makes me feel safe. D．They believe that it’s not enough for China to be number one in the world. E．She believes China will be the strongest country in the world in the future. Passage 3 When your great grandparents were young, the world was very different. There were no high-tech (高科技的) products at that time. 1 So it took longer for people to know about what was going on in the world. 2 From the 1860s to the 1870s, letters were carried by horse. 3 By the early 1900s, planes were used as a faster way to carry letters across the country and around the world. As time went by, new inventions (发明) made it easy to reach friends and family in a short time. 4 We can also take pictures and make a video call with them. Computers have made some of the biggest changes in communication. 5 We can also chat with friends online.   Although new technology helps us keep in touch with each other, many people still enjoy sending and getting letters. With so many ways to communicate, it’s easy to find your favourite way to keep in touch. 从下面五个选项中选出最佳选项,使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．Long ago, people wrote letters to keep in touch. B．Then trains began to carry letters from city to city. C．Now we can take the smartphones with us wherever we travel. D．People didn’t have things such as mobile phones or computers. E．The Internet helps send email messages around the world in a short time. Passage 4 We’ve probably heard our grandparents say, “Back in our days…” From what they say, we feel life has changed greatly in many ways over the past half century. Keep reading, and you’ll see what I mean. 1 50 years ago, having a tiny computer in your pocket would seem like something in a sci-fi movie. Today, 77% of Americans have a smartphone. That number continues to climb. With it, you can get in touch with people easily. 2 We communicate differently. In the 1960s, if you wanted to get in touch with a friend, you rang them up on a telephone or wrote a letter. 3 For example, how their relationships are going, where they go on vacation, and even what they had for breakfast. Paper books are being replaced. If you went on a vacation 50 years ago and wanted to read something, you had to take some heavy books with you. Now, all you need is a smartphone to take your personal library everywhere. Getting older isn’t what it used to be. 4 You no longer worked. You might already be a grandparent. And you probably didn’t look like you were 35. Today, more people can work longer even in their old age; life now and technology are making people look much younger. International products are easy to get. International flights have become cheaper and the internet has made goods produced elsewhere more available (可获得的). 5 From clothes to food, it’s never been simpler to have something from abroad shipped to your door. A．Now, with social media, we can know what’s going on with our friends in no time. B．Most people nowadays have a smartphone. C．Just 50 years ago, being 60 meant a few things. D．So it’s much easier to get something nice from other countries. E．And you can also use it to play music, read books and so on. Passage 5 In the past few decades, China has been developing at a breathtaking speed, and its changes have surprised the world. 1 The most noticeable change is in China’s technology. Mobile payment (like Alipay and WeChat Pay) is everywhere. 2 High-speed trains are great too. They run fast and on time, helping people travel far in a short time. 3 More people live in big, nice apartments. The education system has also made great progress, with a large number of students getting high-quality education. The healthcare system is also better, keeping people healthy. Big cities like Shanghai have many tall buildings and busy business streets. In the field of international influence, China is playing an increasingly important role. It works with other countries through projects like the Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路倡议). 4 Chinese arts, like Peking Opera, are also loved by more people around the world. In a word, the changes in China are important for its own people. 5 We strongly believe that China’s development story will continue to surprise the world with its continuous progress. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．Besides, they have a far-reaching influence on the whole world. B．People use phones to pay for food, clothes and other things easily. C．The improvement in people’s living conditions is also seen in general. D．Foreigners who have visited or lived in China have seen these great changes firsthand. E．Chinese culture, including traditional festivals, is gaining more popularity globally. Passage 6 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 Every year, with the Spring Festival on its way. It’s time to start thinking about everyone’s favorite topic: gifts More specifically (确切地), 1 This means that each place has different gift habits due to its culture. I have found gift-giving to be quite different in China from my home country. One example is the time of when to open a gift. The person who gives a gift is called the “gifter”. The person who gets a gift is called the “giftee”. In the US, 2 The gifter wants to see the giftee’s reaction of excitement and joy. In China, however, it’s more polite to thank the gifter for the gift but open it later in the giftee’s home. 3 . Although people in the US might give money to their children, it is usually done very secretly with the money put in a card and not discussed out loud. In China, it is much more open. For example, kids get lucky money from parents during the Spring Festival. Finally, the value of the gift can play a big role in China. 4 . An expensive gift in the US is usually greeted with great excitement. But in China, it can make the giftee feel embarrassed because of a sense of having to return the favor in the future to the gifter. As the old saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” 5 . So, next time you give a gift to somebody, remember that culture and meaning are part of every action we take. A．This is different from that in the US B．it’s the giving of gifts and the culture behind it C．It’s necessary to know the different traditions about giving gifts D．the gifter usually wants to see the giftee open the present at once E．Also, I find the difference is the openness and directness of giving money Passage 7 Everyone knows that climate change is a big problem for our planet. But as we go about our everyday lives, we often forget about it. In fact, climate change is already affecting some of our favourite foods and drinks. 1 Many people start their day with a cup of coffee. But rising temperatures may make them give up their habit. 2 And some areas are becoming too hot for the plants to grow in. And changing to tea won’t help anything, either, because like coffee plants, tea plants don’t grow well in hot and dry weather. It can change how tea tastes and how many tea leaves we can get. Chocolate is also in danger! Cocoa plants are important for chocolate-making. But the highest temperature that cocoa plants can grow in is around 32℃. 3 Climate change also affects important crops like wheat and rice. A large number of people in the world need these foods to live. 4 These days, farmers and scientists are working together to grow new crops. These kinds of crops need less water and can grow better in changing weather. 5 If we don’t stop climate change, we may not have enough food to eat in the future. A．They have had some success, but we must act quickly. B．And it might make us change what we eat and drink soon. C．But these crops are in danger because of rising temperatures. D．If it keeps getting hotter, we could lose chocolate by the year 2050. E．Warmer weather is making it easier for fungi (真菌) to spread among coffee plants. ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 The Changing World 阅读还原 5 选 5 （话题：人与社会——家乡与社会生活变迁） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 On a busy subway in Beijing, many people quietly read e-books or listen to audio-books (有声书). Reading is no longer a special activity. 1 People read while waiting in line, on the bus, and even before going to sleep. Changes in the way people read 2 In the past, reading was closely connected with examinations and social mobility (社会阶层流动). Books were a key to getting better chances. And paper books were people’s main way of reading. Today, the love of reading is still strong. But the way people read has changed a lot. 3 Readers don’t need to go to physical shelves. With a phone or tablet, books are always easy to get and read. A better environment for reading Behind this change is a richer reading environment. China now offers over 70 million digital titles. These include biography, history, science, and so on. Online literature has also developed quickly and many works have improved in quality. 4 At the same time, the government is building a reading society by encouraging reading festivals, book shows and book-sharing programs in different neighborhoods every year. These activities are very helpful for both cities and the countryside. 5 In the countryside, reading activities bring books closer to daily life. Today, reading is easier, richer, and offers wider choices. Although its forms keep changing, people’s love of reading remains strong. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．It has become part of everyday life. B．More readers now use digital products. C．Some have become popular across the country. D．In cities, reading festivals draw many people. E．Chinese people have loved reading for a long time. 【答案】1．A 2．E 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文介绍中国人阅读方式的变化：从过去纸质书为主、关联考试晋升，到现在手机平板阅读普及，数字资源丰富，政府也通过读书节等活动推动全民阅读，阅读更便捷多元。 【详解】1．空前一句提到“阅读不再是一种特殊活动”，空后一句列举了人们排队、乘车、睡前阅读等场景。选项A“It has become part of everyday life.”既承接了上文的“不再特殊”，又概括了下文的日常场景，符合语境。 2．本段小标题为“人们阅读方式的变化”，空后一句紧接着说“在过去，阅读与考试紧密相连……”。选项E“Chinese people have loved reading for a long time.”作为本段首句，总领全段，引出对过去阅读习惯的描述，与后文的“今天”形成时间对比。 3．空前一句指出“人们阅读的方式改变了很多”，空后一句提到“读者不需要去实体书架，用手机或平板……”。选项 B“More readers now use digital products.”具体说明了阅读方式的变化，且与后文的电子设备相呼应。 4．空前一句提到“网络文学发展迅速，许多作品质量提高”。选项C“Some have become popular across the country.”中的"Some"指代前文的“many works”，意为“其中一些作品在全国范围内变得流行”，逻辑连贯，是对网络文学发展成果的进一步补充。 5．空前一句提到活动对“城市和乡村”都有帮助，空后一句具体阐述了“在乡村”的情况。为了保持结构平行和内容完整，空缺处应阐述“在城市”的情况。选项D“In cities, reading festivals draw many people.”符合这一逻辑。 Passage 2 从 A-E 五个选项中选出五个填入短文空缺处，使短文完整流畅 Life in the City and the Countryside Many people are moving from the countryside to the city. 1 The city offers more job opportunities and better education. However, city life is not for everyone. 2 The streets are always crowded with people and cars. The cost of living is also much higher. On the other hand, life in the countryside is quieter and slower. 3 People there have more space and fresher air. They can enjoy a simpler life. But the countryside also has its challenges. 4 There are fewer schools and hospitals. Young people often have to leave to find good jobs. Each place has its own advantages and disadvantages. 5 Some prefer the excitement of the city, while others enjoy the peace of the countryside. A．It is often noisy and busy. B．The choice depends on personal preference. C．There are many reasons for this. D．It is less developed in some areas. E．People can enjoy fresh air and beautiful views. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．E 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要对比了城市生活和乡村生活的优缺点，并指出选择取决于个人偏好。 【详解】1．根据文章第1段“The city offers more job opportunities and better education.”可推知，此处需要承接上文说明人们搬往城市是有很多原因的，引出下文具体的原因。选项C“There are many reasons for this.”符合语境。 2．前文提到城市生活不适合每个人，此处需要解释为什么城市生活不适合每个人，同时引出下文城市街道拥挤的问题。选项A“It is often noisy and busy.”符合语境。 3．前文提到乡村生活节奏缓慢且环境安静，后文提到人们有更多的空间和更新鲜的空气，此处也需要说明乡村生活好的一面，选项E“People can enjoy fresh air and beautiful views.”符合语境。 4．前文提到乡村生活也存在挑战，此处需要说明乡村生活乡村在某些方面发展较差这个问题，引出后文有更少的学校和医院等问题，选项D“It is less developed in some areas.”符合语境。 5．前文总结不管是乡村还是城市都有自己的优缺点，此处需要说明选择哪个地方取决于个人，引出后文表明不同的人有不同的选择的观点。选项B“The choice depends on personal preference.”符合语境。 Passage 3 How to Record Changes in Your Hometown A hometown project should be more than a collection of attractive “before and after” photographs. Done carefully, it can explain how people lived, what they valued and why a change took place. 1 Start with one clear question. Instead of asking how the whole town has changed, study transport, shopping, housing or leisure in one area. A smaller topic helps you decide what evidence is truly useful. 2 Take the new photograph at about the same time of day, and record the date, place and direction from which both pictures were taken. Next, interview people of different ages and jobs. Prepare the same main questions so that answers can be compared, but leave time for each person to add details. 3 A bus timetable may prove how often buses once ran; an old receipt can show changes in prices or shopping habits. Do not present change as completely good or completely bad. A new road may shorten a journey but bring noise. Online shopping may help busy families while making survival harder for a small local store. 4 Finally, organize your findings around the central question rather than displaying everything you collected. A timeline shows stages, while a map explains changes in space. End with a question about the future. 5 In this way, the project connects memory with evidence and invites residents to think about what should happen next. A．Objects and written records can make spoken memories more exact. B．The following steps can help turn separate materials into a trustworthy story. C．For example, ask what kind of town residents hope to build together. D．Then look for an old picture and return to the position where it was taken. E．Showing both gains and costs makes the project fairer and more useful. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了撰写家乡变迁记录报告的整套方法，包含确定研究问题、比对新旧照片、走访采访结合实物资料、客观辩证看待利弊、合理整理资料并设置未来思考问题这几个步骤。 【详解】1．上文指出记录家乡变迁的项目不能只收集新旧照片，完整的项目能够反映当地人的生活、观念与变迁缘由。下文分段罗列了记录家乡变化的各项具体步骤。此处需要总起句，引出下文一系列实操方法。B项“The following steps can help turn separate materials into a trustworthy story.”符合语境。 2．上文说明选定细小的研究方向便于筛选有效资料，后文要求在同一时段拍摄新照片，标注两张照片的拍摄信息。此处需要衔接语句，说明找到旧照片、重回原拍摄点位进行拍摄。D项“Then look for an old picture and return to the position where it was taken.”符合语境。 3．前文讲述采访不同人群并预留受访者补充细节的空间，后文举例公交时刻表、老旧票据可以佐证过往真实情况。此处需要说明实物与文字资料能够印证口述回忆。A项“Objects and written records can make spoken memories more exact.”符合语境。 4．上文表示不要片面判定家乡变化的好坏，举例新路、网购各有利弊。此处需要总结客观展示利弊会让这份记录更加客观实用。E项“Showing both gains and costs makes the project fairer and more useful.”符合语境。 5．前文提到整理资料要围绕核心问题，搭配时间线、地图展示变化，结尾设置关于未来的问题。后文说明该方式结合回忆与实证，引发居民思考家乡未来发展。此处举例说明可以询问居民共建理想城镇这类问题。C项“For example, ask what kind of town residents hope to build together.”符合语境。 Passage 4 The world is changing faster than ever. How can we adapt to these changes? Here are some useful tips for you. 1 With the development of technology, new skills are needed every day. We should keep learning new things, such as computer skills, foreign languages or cooking. This can help us keep up with the changing world. Second, stay open-minded. Don’t be afraid of new things. 2 Try to understand different ideas and cultures. This can help us grow as a person. Third, communicate with others. 3 By talking to people from different backgrounds, we can learn more about the world and get new ideas. We can also share our own thoughts with others. Fourth, take care of the environment. 4 We should try to reduce waste, save energy and protect natural resources. This can help us build a better world for future generations. Finally, enjoy the changes. 5 Every change brings new opportunities. We should try to see the good side of changes and make the most of them. A．Changes are not always bad. B．First, keep learning. C．Many changes are caused by human activities. D．The world is full of different people and cultures. E．Communication is a good way to learn and grow. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．E 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕如何适应飞速变化的世界，依次列出五条实用建议。 【详解】1．后文依次出现Second、Third、Fourth、Finally，此处为第一条建议，B选项“First, keep learning.”结构匹配，总领本段持续学习的内容。 2．本段中心思想为保持开放心态，接纳新事物。后文提到理解不同想法与文化，D选项“世界充满不同的人群与文化”承接上下文。 3．本段主题是与人交流。E选项“沟通是学习与成长的好方式”总起，引出下文和不同背景人群交流的好处。 4．本段围绕保护环境展开，C选项“许多变化由人类活动造成”，自然衔接减少浪费、节约能源等环保举措。 5．本段主题为享受变化，后文表明变化带来机遇，要看到积极一面。A选项“变化并非总是坏事”契合段落观点。 Passage 5 In ancient China, people sent letters by pigeons and carried goods by horses. Communication was slow and difficult. Now great changes have taken place in communication. We can talk with family far away easily on mobile phones. 1 2 The Internet makes it possible for us to watch live shows, take online classes and shop at home. We can share pictures and videos with friends in seconds. However, every coin has two sides. 3 Some people spend too much time chatting online and ignore their family around them. We should make good use of communication tools. Use them to connect with people, but don’t let them take up all your free time. 4 5 We should enjoy the convenience and learn to use new technology properly. A．New technology brings us lots of convenience. B．We can also send messages quickly on the Internet. C．Online communication also brings some problems. D．It is also important to talk face to face with people. E．The world is becoming smaller because of modern communication. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，对比了中国古代与现代的通讯方式，介绍现代通讯带来的便利，同时指出网络交流存在的弊端，呼吁人们合理使用通讯工具。 【详解】1．前文提到如今通讯发生巨大变化，我们能用手机轻松和远方家人通话。后文介绍互联网可以观看直播、上网课、居家购物。B选项“We can also send messages quickly on the Internet.（我们也可以通过网络快速发送信息）”继续介绍网络通讯的便利，顺承上文手机沟通，引出后文互联网的各类功能，衔接上下文。 2．本空位于段首，后文列举了互联网带来的多种便利（如看直播、分享图片等），A选项“New technology brings us lots of convenience.（新技术给我们带来许多便利）”作为主题句概括本段内容，同时承接上文 。 3．前文“every coin has two sides（事物都有两面性）”进行转折，引出通讯方式存在弊端。C选项“Online communication also brings some problems.（线上交流也带来一些问题）”承上启下，引出后文关于忽视家人的具体问题。 4．前文提出我们应当充分利用通讯工具，不要让它们占用全部空闲时间。D选项“It is also important to talk face to face with people.（与人面对面交流同样重要）”进一步阐述正确的沟通方式，承接上文观点，符合段落主旨。 5．本段为文章结尾，旨在总结全文。E选项“The world is becoming smaller because of modern communication.（由于现代通讯，世界正变得更小）”升华全文，总结现代通讯带来的深远影响，收束全文。 Passage 6 I come from a small town in China. 1 It was a small, quiet town with narrow dirt roads and old-fashioned houses. Most people worked as farmers, and there were very few modern tools. Life was peaceful but not always easy, especially when it rained and the roads turned muddy (泥泞的). Now, thanks to China’s rapid development, my hometown has changed a lot. 2 Streetlights line both sides of the roads. Tall apartment buildings and modern shopping malls stand where there were once empty fields. A new industrial zone (工业区) has brought in many companies. It has created thousands of job opportunities. 3 We now have a modern hospital with better medical technology. Our schools have smart classrooms with computers and the Internet. The town center has a beautiful new square, where people gather to exercise and relax in the evenings. The environment has also been carefully protected during the development. The government has planted thousands of trees and built several parks. A river that used to be polluted has been cleaned up. 4 These changes have brought us a more comfortable life, but we should also protect our hometown. While enjoying modern conveniences (便利设施), we must work together to protect our environment. 5 And I believe it will develop in an even better way. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺，内容完整。 A．Now people can see fish there again. B．What has improved most is public services. C．I’m proud of the great changes in my hometown. D．Wide and clean roads have replaced the old dirt streets. E．I still remember what my hometown was like when I was a child. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文围绕作者家乡过去与如今的巨大变化展开，对比讲述家乡道路、建筑、就业、公共服务、环境等方面的发展，抒发对家乡变化的自豪与守护家乡的期许。 【详解】1．空后句子“It was a small, quiet town with narrow dirt roads and old-fashioned houses.”是在回忆家乡旧时样貌，选项E “I still remember what my hometown was like when I was a child.”总起下文对家乡过去的描述，衔接通顺。 2．本段核心讲家乡道路、楼房、工业区等基建变化，前文点明家乡大变样，空后介绍道路两侧路灯，选项D“Wide and clean roads have replaced the old dirt streets.” 承接上文“changed a lot”，先讲道路的改变，和后文街道路灯内容呼应。 3．空后整段介绍现代化医院、智能教室、休闲广场，均属于公共服务设施，选项B“What has improved most is public services.”为本段总起句，总领后文各类便民公共设施的描写。 4．前文提到“A river that used to be polluted has been cleaned up.”，按照逻辑，河流清理后会出现积极结果。选项A“Now people can see fish there again.​ ”是河流被清理后的合理结果，与前文“cleaned up”形成因果关联。 5．前文阐述家乡在多方面的变化，后文“And I believe it will develop in an even better way.”表达对未来的信心，因此空处需体现对家乡变化的情感态度。选项C“I’m proud of the great changes in my hometown.”​ 既承接前文家乡的变化，又能自然过渡到后文对未来发展的信心，符合情感与逻辑的连贯性。 Passage 7 Over the last few centuries, there have been many changes in our lives. 1 Planes were not very popular at that time because they used to be a very expensive way to travel. Nowadays, more and more people can travel by plane and we can take many other fast and comfortable vehicles. Secondly, in the past, people had to work much harder because they did not have the tools we have today. 2 Thirdly, in the past, the living conditions were not as good as they are now. 3 Many people could not buy things like fridges, air conditioners or washing machines. Now, most families have several of these things. Lastly, communication has become much easier than before. In the past, we kept in touch with others by writing letters or sending faxes, but now we have many other ways to choose from, such as making a phone call, sending emails or messages and chatting online. 4 Thanks to the technology, especially the internet, our lives have become much easier and happier than before. 5 Don’t you think so? A．We can even see each other while chatting online. B．I’m sure our lives will become more wonderful in the future. C．There were no bathrooms or running water in many houses. D．Firstly, people were not able to travel such a long distance in such a short time in the past. E．Today, most of the difficult and dangerous work is done by computers and machines. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文从出行、工作、居住条件、通讯四个方面，对比古今生活差异，讲述科技带来的改变，并展望未来生活会更加美好。 【详解】1．后文讲述过去飞机不普及，如今可以乘坐飞机等交通工具出行。D选项“Firstly, people were not able to travel such a long distance in such a short time in the past.”为总起句，引出出行方面的古今对比，和后文planes、travel话题对应，符合语境。 2．前文“Secondly, in the past, people had to work much harder because they did not have the tools we have today.”讲过去人们工作更辛苦，缺少工具。E选项“Today, most of the difficult and dangerous work is done by computers and machines.”承接上文，对比现在机器电脑承担繁重危险工作，围绕工作工具展开，符合语境。 3．本段主题是过去居住条件不如现在。C选项“There were no bathrooms or running water in many houses.”介绍过去房屋设施的欠缺，和后文没有冰箱、空调等家电的内容并列，说明旧时居住条件差，符合语境。 4．本段主题是通讯方式的变化，前文提到打电话、发邮件、网上聊天。A选项“We can even see each other while chatting online.”进一步补充网上聊天还可以视频见面，承接线上交流的话题，符合语境。 5．前文总结科技让生活更轻松幸福，后文反问“难道你不这样认为吗？”。B选项“I’m sure our lives will become more wonderful in the future.”对未来生活进行展望，放在文章结尾，收束全文，符合语境。 Passage 8 Nowadays, the world is changing faster than ever before. Let’s talk about some of these changes. 1 For example, fifty years ago, people used letters to communicate with each other. It took days or even weeks to get a reply. Now, we can send emails or messages, and we can get a reply in seconds. 2 In the past, people had to go to stores to buy things. Now, we can shop online and have things delivered to our homes. We don’t even need to leave our houses. 3 Many factories now use robots to do work that was done by humans before. This makes production faster and more efficient. However, it also means that some people lose their jobs. 4 The population of the world is growing rapidly. More people means more need for food, water, and energy. This brings some problems, like pollution and resource shortage. 5 But no matter what changes happen, we need to learn to adapt to them. We should try to use the good changes to improve our lives, and find ways to solve the problems brought by the changes. A．Another big change is in how we work. B．One of the biggest changes is in communication. C．The second change is in shopping. D．There are also changes in population. E．These changes affect every part of our lives. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍当今世界正在发生巨大变化，依次介绍沟通、购物、工作、人口方面的改变，最后呼吁我们学会适应各类变化。 【详解】1．原文第二段提到“For example, fifty years ago, people used letters to communicate with each other... Now, we can send emails or messages, and we can get a reply in seconds”，举例对比古今沟通方式，B选项“One of the biggest changes is in communication.”作为本段总起句，引出沟通方式的变化，贴合下文事例。 2．原文第三段提到“In the past, people had to go to stores to buy things. Now, we can shop online and have things delivered to our homes”，讲述购物方式的古今对比，C选项“The second change is in shopping.”总领本段，开启购物方面变化的介绍。 3．原文第四段提到“Many factories now use robots to do work that was done by humans before”，介绍工厂工作模式产生改变，A选项“Another big change is in how we work.”引出工作方式相关的变化，契合本段内容。 4．原文第五段提到“The population of the world is growing rapidly”，围绕世界人口增长展开叙述，D选项“There are also changes in population.”总起本段，引出人口方面的变化与衍生问题。 5．原文最后一段空格后提到“But no matter what changes happen, we need to learn to adapt to them”，阐述面对变化的做法，E选项“These changes affect every part of our lives.”总结前文列举的各类变化影响生活方方面面，自然衔接后文我们应当适应变化的观点。 Passage 9 从A—E中选出合适的句子，还原短文。 Changes in Our Country China is developing quickly these years. Many great changes have appeared around us. 1 At that time, people lived in small old houses. They had few kinds of food to eat. Transportation was slow and inconvenient. People could hardly travel far. 2 People’s life becomes rich and colorful. Tall buildings stand everywhere in cities and towns. People live in bright and comfortable houses. 3 High-speed trains and new highways connect every corner of the country. People can travel anywhere in a short time. The environment is also improving. 4 More parks and green land appear in the city. Sandstorms are fewer than before. All these changes make us proud. 5 We are sure our country will become stronger and more beautiful. A．Traffic becomes much better. B．In the past, life was very difficult. C．Now everything has totally changed. D．The sky is bluer and the water is cleaner. E．We love the great changes in our country. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文主要介绍了祖国日新月异的发展变化，第一段先总述国家发展快、变化多，随后开启对过去生活的描写。 【详解】1．空格后文“At that time”对应过去的生活描述，B项“In the past, life was very difficult.”总起过去生活艰难，完美引出后文旧时住房、饮食、交通的落后细节，衔接逻辑通顺。 2．本段先讲过去困苦生活，此处转向描写当下富足多彩的现代生活，形成今昔对比。 前文完整叙述完过去的艰难，后文开始介绍如今高楼、舒适住宅等新生活景象，C项“Now everything has totally changed.”起到转折过渡作用，引出当下全新的生活面貌。 3．前文介绍如今居住条件变好，本段围绕高铁、公路、出行便利展开交通相关内容。 空格后文“High-speed trains and new highways”都属于交通设施，A项“Traffic becomes much better.”总起交通方面的巨大改善，统领后文各类便捷交通方式的描写。 4．本段主题是生态环境改善，后文介绍城市绿地增多、沙尘暴减少，空格处需补充环境变好的具体景象。 D项“The sky is bluer and the water is cleaner.”是环境优化的直观体现，和后文公园、绿地、沙尘减少的内容并列，共同说明环境持续变好。 5．前文总结所有变化让我们感到自豪，后文表达对国家未来的美好期许，空格处抒发对国家巨变的情感。 E项“We love the great changes in our country.”承接前文“make us proud”的自豪情绪，抒发热爱之情，自然过渡到对国家未来更强、更美的展望。 Passage 10 阅读短文，从A—E中选择合适的句子填入文中空白处。 Great Changes in My Hometown My hometown is a small town. It has changed greatly in recent years. 1 People lived in small old houses. The roads were narrow. There were few shops and people had little entertainment. Most people went to work or school on foot. 2 Many tall buildings stand everywhere. More wider and cleaner roads connect different places. 3 People can take buses, cars or high-speed trains to travel around. The environment also becomes much better. 4 Rivers are clean again. People plant many trees and flowers to make our town beautiful. I love these changes. 5 I believe my hometown will become more wonderful in the future. A．Now life is quite different. B．In the past, life was very hard. C．Traffic is much more convenient now. D．I am proud of the development of my hometown. E．There are no more terrible sandstorms. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．E 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者家乡近年来发生的巨大变化。文章通过对比过去和现在，分别描述了家乡在住房、道路、交通、环境等方面的改善，表达了作者对家乡发展的自豪之情，并相信家乡未来会更加美好。 【详解】1．根据后文“People lived in small old houses... Most people went to work or school on foot.”可知，这段是在描述过去艰苦的生活条件。结合选项，B项“In the past, life was very hard.”符合语境，起到了总领全段的作用。 2．前一段描述了过去的艰苦，这一段紧接着说“Many tall buildings stand everywhere...”，显然是在描述现在的变化。结合选项，A项“Now life is quite different.”作为过渡句，引出了下文对现状的描述，符合逻辑。 3．空格前提到“More wider and cleaner roads connect different places”，空格后列举了公交车、汽车、高铁等交通工具。这说明本段重点在于交通的便利。结合选项，C项“Traffic is much more convenient now.”概括了这一主题。 4．本段主题是“The environment also becomes much better”。空格后提到“Rivers are clean again”。结合选项，E项“There are no more terrible sandstorms.”也是环境改善的具体表现，与上下文并列，符合语境。 5．空格前说“I love these changes”，空格后说“I believe my hometown will become more wonderful in the future”。这里表达的是作者的情感。结合选项，D项“I am proud of the development of my hometown.”承上启下，表达了对变化的喜爱和对未来的信心。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 In the past few decades, China has been developing at a breathtaking speed, and its changes have surprised the world. 1 The most noticeable change is in China’s technology. Mobile payment (like Alipay and WeChat Pay) is everywhere. 2 High-speed trains are great too. They run fast and on time, helping people travel far in a short time. 3 More people live in big, nice apartments. The education system has also made great progress, with a large number of students getting high-quality education. The healthcare system is also better, keeping people healthy. Big cities like Shanghai have many tall buildings and busy business streets. In the field of international influence, China is playing an increasingly important role. It works with other countries through projects like the Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路倡议). 4 Chinese arts, like Peking Opera, are also loved by more people around the world. In a word, the changes in China are important for its own people. 5 We strongly believe that China’s development story will continue to surprise the world with its continuous progress. A．Besides, they have a far-reaching influence on the whole world. B．People use phones to pay for food, clothes and other things easily. C．The improvement in people’s living conditions is also seen in general. D．Foreigners who have visited or lived in China have seen these great changes firsthand. E．Chinese culture, including traditional festivals, is gaining more popularity globally. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文讲述了过去几十年中国在科技、民生、国际影响力等方面发生的翻天覆地的变化，展现了中国发展的惊人速度及其对世界的深远影响。 【详解】1．第一段提出中国发展速度惊人，空格后开始具体阐述科技、民生等方面变化，因此空格处应起到承上启下的过渡作用。D项“Foreigners who have visited or lived in China have seen these great changes firsthand.”既承接首句“changes have surprised the world”，又自然引出后文具体变化，符合上下文逻辑。 2．第二段讲述科技领域的移动支付，空格前“Mobile payment is everywhere.”指出移动支付普及，空格处应具体说明移动支付的使用方式。B项“People use phones to pay for food, clothes and other things easily.”直接描述了移动支付的应用场景，与前文形成具体展开的关系。 3．第三段讲述民生改善，空格后“More people live in big, nice apartments.”和“The education system has also made great progress...”等句子均围绕“人民生活水平提高”展开，因此空格处应为该段的主题句。C项“The improvement in people’s living conditions is also seen in general.”是对本段内容的总括，符合段落结构。 4．第四段讲述国际影响力，空格前“It works with other countries through projects like the Belt and Road Initiative.”提及一带一路项目，空格后“Chinese arts, like Peking Opera, are also loved by more people around the world.”转入中国文化的影响力，因此空格处应承接前文“项目合作”并引出“文化影响力”话题。E项“Chinese culture, including traditional festivals, is gaining more popularity globally.”直接点明文化影响力，符合上下文逻辑。 5．最后一段进行总结，空格前“the changes in China are important for its own people”指出变化对本国人民的重要性，空格后“We strongly believe that China’s development story will continue to surprise the world”强调中国将继续给世界带来惊喜，因此空格处应总结中国变化的全球影响。A项“Besides, they have a far-reaching influence on the whole world.”中的“they”指代前文提到的“changes”，与后文“surprise the world”形成递进，符合总结段落的逻辑。 Passage 2 Recently, a very simple question became widely spread online: 1 A foreign girl living in China gave a very touching answer. Lanlan, whose real name is Negar Kordi, is from Canada. She came to China five years ago and is a student at Ningbo University. Now she has 120, 000 fans on the internet and the number is still growing. Lanlan loves China and Chinese. 2 And that’s why she is so well accepted among Chinese net friends. The following is China in her eye. “It is the easiest country in which to find a job. If you are not too lazy, it is really very simple to find a job in China. I believe there’re more job chances here than that in any other country in the world.” 3 About 400 million Chinese are studying English. If they can speak good English in the future, China will have the greatest number of English speakers in all non-English speaking countries. “The speed of Chinese trains is fast. From Wuhan to Guangzhou, the train runs 1,000 kilometres for four hours and the ticket fare is only 460 yuan.” “Its public security is great. 4 I have travelled in many countries, and I think China is really safe.” “There are many more things China should be proud of. Some Chinese people often criticize (批评) China. At first, I believed that they didn’t like China or loved Western countries. But later, I realized that they just set a very high standard for China. 5 China must be much better than other countries.” 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．What should China be proud of? B．The ability of foreign language is amazing. C．This country of 1.4 billion people makes me feel safe. D．They believe that it’s not enough for China to be number one in the world. E．She believes China will be the strongest country in the world in the future. 【答案】1．A 2．E 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一个名叫兰兰的加拿大女孩对中国看法的回答，涉及就业、外语、交通、安全及国人期望等方面。 【详解】1．后文说一位在中国生活的外国女孩给出了十分感人的回答。A选项“What should China be proud of?”提出网上流传的问题，引出下文女孩的回答。 2．前文写Lanlan热爱中国和中文，后文说明这就是她深受中国网友喜爱的原因。E选项“She believes China will be the strongest country in the world in the future.”表达她对中国的认可，承接上下文。 3．后文介绍大约4亿中国人在学英语，未来会拥有最多非英语国家的说英语人群。B选项“The ability of foreign language is amazing.”总起本段，谈论外语能力，和下文内容对应。 4．前后句都在讲中国公共安全很好、中国很安全。C选项“This country of 1.4 billion people makes me feel safe.”承接治安安全这一话题，语义连贯。 5．前文讲中国人批评中国，是对中国设置了很高的标准。D选项“They believe that it’s not enough for China to be number one in the world.”进一步解释中国人的想法，和后句“中国必须比其他国家更好”逻辑衔接。 Passage 3 When your great grandparents were young, the world was very different. There were no high-tech (高科技的) products at that time. 1 So it took longer for people to know about what was going on in the world. 2 From the 1860s to the 1870s, letters were carried by horse. 3 By the early 1900s, planes were used as a faster way to carry letters across the country and around the world. As time went by, new inventions (发明) made it easy to reach friends and family in a short time. 4 We can also take pictures and make a video call with them. Computers have made some of the biggest changes in communication. 5 We can also chat with friends online.   Although new technology helps us keep in touch with each other, many people still enjoy sending and getting letters. With so many ways to communicate, it’s easy to find your favourite way to keep in touch. 从下面五个选项中选出最佳选项,使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．Long ago, people wrote letters to keep in touch. B．Then trains began to carry letters from city to city. C．Now we can take the smartphones with us wherever we travel. D．People didn’t have things such as mobile phones or computers. E．The Internet helps send email messages around the world in a short time. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．E 【导语】本文主要介绍了通信方式从过去到现在的发展变化，包括信件、火车、飞机以及现代智能手机和互联网的应用。 【详解】1．第一空前提到过去没有高科技产品，D项“People didn’t have things such as mobile phones or computers.”承接前文，引出后文人们获取外界信息耗时更久的内容，逻辑通顺。 2．第二空位于段落开头，后文开始介绍不同时期的信件邮递方式，A项“Long ago, people wrote letters to keep in touch.”总起该段关于书信通信的内容，符合语境。 3．第三空前后分别提到19世纪六七十年代靠马送信、20世纪初用飞机送信，B项“Then trains began to carry letters from city to city.”按时间顺序补充了中间的邮递方式，衔接自然。 4．第四空后文提到我们还能用设备拍照、打视频电话，C项“Now we can take the smartphones with us wherever we travel.”引出智能手机的功能，契合后文描述。 5．第五空前后提到计算机给通信带来巨大改变、还可以在线和朋友聊天，E项“The Internet helps send email messages around the world in a short time.”介绍了互联网的通信作用，衔接上下文。 Passage 4 We’ve probably heard our grandparents say, “Back in our days…” From what they say, we feel life has changed greatly in many ways over the past half century. Keep reading, and you’ll see what I mean. 1 50 years ago, having a tiny computer in your pocket would seem like something in a sci-fi movie. Today, 77% of Americans have a smartphone. That number continues to climb. With it, you can get in touch with people easily. 2 We communicate differently. In the 1960s, if you wanted to get in touch with a friend, you rang them up on a telephone or wrote a letter. 3 For example, how their relationships are going, where they go on vacation, and even what they had for breakfast. Paper books are being replaced. If you went on a vacation 50 years ago and wanted to read something, you had to take some heavy books with you. Now, all you need is a smartphone to take your personal library everywhere. Getting older isn’t what it used to be. 4 You no longer worked. You might already be a grandparent. And you probably didn’t look like you were 35. Today, more people can work longer even in their old age; life now and technology are making people look much younger. International products are easy to get. International flights have become cheaper and the internet has made goods produced elsewhere more available (可获得的). 5 From clothes to food, it’s never been simpler to have something from abroad shipped to your door. A．Now, with social media, we can know what’s going on with our friends in no time. B．Most people nowadays have a smartphone. C．Just 50 years ago, being 60 meant a few things. D．So it’s much easier to get something nice from other countries. E．And you can also use it to play music, read books and so on. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了随着科技发展，人类生活发生的一些变化。 【详解】1．本段主要讲述智能手机的普及与发展。选项B“如今大多数人都有智能手机”作为主题句，概括了本段核心内容，并引出下文关于50年前后科技对比的具体描述。 2．前句提到“With it... get in touch with people easily”（用它可以轻松联系他人），选项E中的“it”指代智能手机，“also”表示递进，补充说明了手机的其他功能（播放音乐、读书等），符合语境逻辑。 3．本段主题是沟通方式的变化。前文提到过去用电话或信件，后文“For example”列举了了解朋友关系、度假、早餐等细节。选项A提到“通过社交媒体及时了解朋友动态”，与后文内容紧密衔接。 4．本段主题是关于变老（Getting older）。选项C提到“50年前，60岁意味着几件事”，引出下文对过去年老生活状态（不再工作、成为祖父母等）的具体描述，与段首句呼应。 5．本段讲述国际产品变得容易获得。选项D“所以从其他国家买东西更容易了”是对前文“国际航班变便宜、互联网使商品更易获得”的总结，并与段尾“from abroad”（来自国外）相呼应。 Passage 5 In the past few decades, China has been developing at a breathtaking speed, and its changes have surprised the world. 1 The most noticeable change is in China’s technology. Mobile payment (like Alipay and WeChat Pay) is everywhere. 2 High-speed trains are great too. They run fast and on time, helping people travel far in a short time. 3 More people live in big, nice apartments. The education system has also made great progress, with a large number of students getting high-quality education. The healthcare system is also better, keeping people healthy. Big cities like Shanghai have many tall buildings and busy business streets. In the field of international influence, China is playing an increasingly important role. It works with other countries through projects like the Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路倡议). 4 Chinese arts, like Peking Opera, are also loved by more people around the world. In a word, the changes in China are important for its own people. 5 We strongly believe that China’s development story will continue to surprise the world with its continuous progress. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．Besides, they have a far-reaching influence on the whole world. B．People use phones to pay for food, clothes and other things easily. C．The improvement in people’s living conditions is also seen in general. D．Foreigners who have visited or lived in China have seen these great changes firsthand. E．Chinese culture, including traditional festivals, is gaining more popularity globally. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文讲述中国数十年飞速发展，分别从科技、民生、国际影响力、文化四大维度介绍发展变化，展现国家全方位进步。 【详解】1．前文写中国数十年飞速发展，世界为之惊叹。选项D“Foreigners who have visited or lived in China have seen these great changes firsthand.”承接开篇总述，用外国人亲身见证的视角引出下文各类变化，贴合段落总起逻辑。 2．前句提到移动支付随处可见，选项B“People use phones to pay for food, clothes and other things easily.”具体解释移动支付的日常使用场景，紧密衔接mobile payment话题。 3．后文围绕住房、教育、医疗民生改善展开，选项C“The improvement in people’s living conditions is also seen in general.”总领民生板块，开启生活条件变化的分述。 4．后句提及京剧等中国艺术走向世界，选项E“Chinese culture, including traditional festivals, is gaining more popularity globally.”对应国际文化传播内容，衔接文化输出段落。 5．前文点明国内发展惠及本国人民，选项A“Besides, they have a far-reaching influence on the whole world.”递进补充发展对全球的深远影响，收尾全文升华主旨。 Passage 6 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 Every year, with the Spring Festival on its way. It’s time to start thinking about everyone’s favorite topic: gifts More specifically (确切地), 1 This means that each place has different gift habits due to its culture. I have found gift-giving to be quite different in China from my home country. One example is the time of when to open a gift. The person who gives a gift is called the “gifter”. The person who gets a gift is called the “giftee”. In the US, 2 The gifter wants to see the giftee’s reaction of excitement and joy. In China, however, it’s more polite to thank the gifter for the gift but open it later in the giftee’s home. 3 . Although people in the US might give money to their children, it is usually done very secretly with the money put in a card and not discussed out loud. In China, it is much more open. For example, kids get lucky money from parents during the Spring Festival. Finally, the value of the gift can play a big role in China. 4 . An expensive gift in the US is usually greeted with great excitement. But in China, it can make the giftee feel embarrassed because of a sense of having to return the favor in the future to the gifter. As the old saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” 5 . So, next time you give a gift to somebody, remember that culture and meaning are part of every action we take. A．This is different from that in the US B．it’s the giving of gifts and the culture behind it C．It’s necessary to know the different traditions about giving gifts D．the gifter usually wants to see the giftee open the present at once E．Also, I find the difference is the openness and directness of giving money 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中美两国在送礼文化上的差异，包括拆礼物的时间、给钱的方式以及礼物价值的观念等，并提醒人们在送礼时应尊重不同文化的习俗。 【详解】1．第一段提到“everyone’s favorite topic: gifts. More specifically”，后文提到“This means that each place has different gift habits due to its culture.”，选项B“it’s the giving of gifts and the culture behind it”能够承接上文，从“礼物”进一步聚焦到“送礼背后的文化”，与后文“不同地方有不同送礼习惯”形成自然衔接。 2．第三段提到“In the US”，后文提到“The gifter wants to see the giftee’s reaction of excitement and joy.”，选项D“the gifter usually wants to see the giftee open the present at once”能够承接上文，说明美国送礼者希望收礼者立刻拆开礼物，与后文“想看到对方兴奋的反应”逻辑一致，同时与下一句“In China, however, it’s more polite to...open it later”形成对比。 3．第四段提到“Although people in the US might give money to their children, it is usually done very secretly...”，选项E“Also, I find the difference is the openness and directness of giving money”能够承接上文，用“Also”引出另一个中美差异——给钱的方式，与后文美国“秘密给钱”和中国“公开给压岁钱”的对比相呼应。 4．第五段提到“the value of the gift can play a big role in China”，后文提到“An expensive gift in the US is usually greeted with great excitement. But in China, it can make the giftee feel embarrassed...”，选项A“This is different from that in the US”能够承接上文，指出中国对礼物价值的态度与美国不同，引出后文两国在礼物价值观念上的对比。 5．第六段引用谚语“When in Rome, do as the Romans do.”，后文提到“So, next time you give a gift to somebody, remember that culture and meaning are part of every action we take.”，选项C“It’s necessary to know the different traditions about giving gifts”能够承接上文，总结出“了解不同送礼传统很有必要”的结论，与后文的建议形成逻辑呼应。 Passage 7 Everyone knows that climate change is a big problem for our planet. But as we go about our everyday lives, we often forget about it. In fact, climate change is already affecting some of our favourite foods and drinks. 1 Many people start their day with a cup of coffee. But rising temperatures may make them give up their habit. 2 And some areas are becoming too hot for the plants to grow in. And changing to tea won’t help anything, either, because like coffee plants, tea plants don’t grow well in hot and dry weather. It can change how tea tastes and how many tea leaves we can get. Chocolate is also in danger! Cocoa plants are important for chocolate-making. But the highest temperature that cocoa plants can grow in is around 32℃. 3 Climate change also affects important crops like wheat and rice. A large number of people in the world need these foods to live. 4 These days, farmers and scientists are working together to grow new crops. These kinds of crops need less water and can grow better in changing weather. 5 If we don’t stop climate change, we may not have enough food to eat in the future. A．They have had some success, but we must act quickly. B．And it might make us change what we eat and drink soon. C．But these crops are in danger because of rising temperatures. D．If it keeps getting hotter, we could lose chocolate by the year 2050. E．Warmer weather is making it easier for fungi (真菌) to spread among coffee plants. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气候变化正在影响我们喜爱的食物和饮品，包括咖啡、茶、巧克力以及小麦、水稻等农作物，同时也提到了人们为应对这一问题所做出的努力。 【详解】1．第一段提到“climate change is already affecting some of our favourite foods and drinks”，引出气候变化对食物和饮品的影响这一话题，B选项“And it might make us change what we eat and drink soon.”起到承上启下的作用。 2．第二段指出“rising temperatures may make them give up their habit”，后文提到“And some areas are becoming too hot for the plants to grow in”，核心是说明高温会破坏咖啡种植、让人们放弃喝咖啡，此处需要补充高温危害咖啡的另一层原因，E选项“Warmer weather is making it easier for fungi to spread among coffee plants.”符合上下文逻辑。 3．第三段表明“the highest temperature that cocoa plants can grow in is around 32℃”，前文交代了可可树生长有温度上限，气温一旦超过这个限度就无法存活，顺着这个条件可以推导出变暖带来的严重后果，D选项“If it keeps getting hotter, we could lose chocolate by the year 2050.”衔接自然。 4．第四段说明“Climate change also affects important crops like wheat and rice. A large number of people in the world need these foods to live.”，前文先强调小麦、水稻是人类生存必不可少的粮食，此处需要转折引出这些粮食面临的危机，C选项“But these crops are in danger because of rising temperatures.”符合上下文逻辑。 5．第五段提到“farmers and scientists are working together to grow new crops. These kinds of crops need less water and can grow better in changing weather.”，后文提到“If we don’t stop climate change, we may not have enough food to eat in the future.”，前文讲人们培育新型耐气候作物的行动，后文警示不行动的严重后果，中间需要一句过渡连接两者，A选项“They have had some success, but we must act quickly.”衔接自然。 ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 The Changing World 阅读还原 5 选 5 （话题：人与社会——家乡与社会生活变迁） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 1．A 2．E 3．B 4．C 5．D Passage 2 1．C 2．A 3．E 4．D 5．B Passage 3 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．C Passage 4 1．B 2．D 3．E 4．C 5．A Passage 5 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．E Passage 6 1．E 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C Passage 7 1．D 2．E 3．C 4．A 5．B Passage 8 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．E Passage 9 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．E Passage 10 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．E 5．D 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．E 5．A Passage 2 1．A 2．E 3．B 4．C 5．D Passage 3 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．E Passage 4 1．B 2．E 3．A 4．C 5．D Passage 5 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．E 5．A Passage 6 1．B 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．C Passage 7 1．B 2．E 3．D 4．C 5．A ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $