Unit 1 课时2 Reading：主题阅读（分层作业）英语新教材沪教版五四学制九年级下册

**基本信息** 本练习以“分层递进+语篇整合”为特色，通过基础词汇巩固、语篇应用提升、情境交际拓展到语法思维进阶的路径，全面培养语言能力与思维品质，适配新授课知识内化与能力初步发展需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础达标|核心词汇、短语|聚焦单元重点名词、动词、形容词及固定搭配，通过列表式速记夯实语言基础| |能力提升|词汇应用、语篇理解|以图书馆指南为情境，设计选词填空与细节信息题，实现单一词汇到语篇阅读的过渡| |拓展培优|情境交际|围绕校园欺凌主题设计补全对话，融合功能句型与课本建议，提升语言表达与问题解决能力| |思维进阶|语法综合、语篇分析|通过语法选择（如冠词、时态）、阅读回答问题及语法填空，考查语法规则应用与逻辑思维，体现从语言知识到综合素养的提升|

Unit1 Law and order 课时2 Reading：主题阅读（分层作业） 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 一、重点词汇 1. 核心名词 bully /ˈbʊli/ n. 欺凌者 bullying /ˈbʊliɪŋ/ n. 校园欺凌 psychologist /saɪˈkɒlədʒɪst/ n. 心理学家 courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/ n. 勇气 behaviour /bɪˈheɪvjə(r)/ n. 行为 advice /ədˈvaɪs/ n. 建议（不可数） safety /ˈseɪfti/ n. 安全 conversation /ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃn/ n. 交谈 knowledge /ˈnɒlɪdʒ/ n. 认识；知识 power /ˈpaʊə(r)/ n. 力量 victim /ˈvɪktɪm/ n. 受害者 2. 核心动词 bully /ˈbʊli/ v. 欺负，欺凌 avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ v. 回避，避开 report /rɪˈpɔːt/ v. 报告，举报 act /ækt/ v. 行动 stop /stɒp/ v. 制止 agree /əˈɡriː/ v. 赞同 speak up 大胆说出 prove /pruːv/ v. 证明 3. 核心形容词 unkind /ˌʌnˈkaɪnd/ adj. 不友善的 mean /miːn/ adj. 刻薄的 lonely /ˈləʊnli/ adj. 孤独的 brave /breɪv/ adj. 勇敢的 weak /wiːk/ adj. 软弱的 powerful /ˈpaʊəfl/ adj. 强有力的 二、重点短语 1. give advice about 就……给出建议 2. take courage 需要勇气 3. go through it alone 独自承受这一切 4. tell sb. what has happened 告诉某人发生的事情 5. report it to sb. 向某人举报这件事 6. put a stop to this behaviour 制止这种行为 7. feel safe and welcome 感到安全、被接纳 8. make some friends 交朋友 9. speak up 大胆说出，敢于发声 10. start by saying “hi” 从打招呼开始 11. make oneself feel strong 让自己显得强大 12. prove to be powerful 证明十分有作用 13. go on ever since 从那以后一直持续 一、选词填空 A．specially B．consist of C．silent D．environment E.widely A guide to the library in Feng Xian The Library in Feng Xian offers different types of studying places and provides a good study 1 . Zones The library is divided into different zones. The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for 2 reading, and places where you can sit and work with your own computer. The reading places 3 tables and chairs. The ground floor is the zone where you can talk. Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work. Computer You can use your own computer to connect to the wi-fi 4 prepared for notebook computers; you can also use applications, such as Microsoft Office. They are on the ground floor. A．active B．maps C．allowed D．books E.anywhere Group-study places If you want to discuss freely without disturbing others, you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor. Some study rooms are for 2—3 people and others can hold up to 6—8 people. All rooms are marked on the library 5 . There are 40 group—study rooms that must be booked through the website. To book, you need an 6 account and a valid card. You can use a room three hours per day, nine hours at most per week. Rules to be followed Mobile phone conversations are not permitted 7 in the library. Keep your phone in silent mode as if you were in a lecture and exit the library if you need to receive calls. Please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library, but you are 8 to have drinks and sweets with you. 二、阅读理解 To help Grade 9 students make better use of the school library, the library has released this guide. Resource Type Usage Frequency (频率) (Grade 9) Opening Hours Borrowing Rules Academic Print Books 62% (3-5 times/week) —Weekdays (Mon.-Fri.): 7:30 a.m.-7:00 p.m. (Extended (延长的) 1 hour exclusively (专门地) for Grade 9) —Weekends (Sat.-Sun.): 9:00 a.m.-5:30 p.m. (Last entry: 5:00 p.m.) —Public Holidays: 10:00 a.m.-3:00 p.m. (Closed on major festivals, such as National Day, Mid-Autumn Festival) —Academic print books: Loan (借阅) 3 weeks； 1 renewal (续借) (2 weeks) If unreserved —Digital resources: Downloadable for 72 hours (via school account) —Late fees: Print books=￥1 per day (max￥15); Audio-visual materials=￥2 per day Digital Textbooks 48% (2-4 times/week) Audio-Visual Materials (English videos) 35% (1-3 times/week) Collaborative (协作的) Study Spaces 29% (1-2 times/week) Tips for Grade 9 students! First, borrow academic print books 3 days early for exam study. Return them within 3 weeks to avoid late fees. Second, download digital textbooks at school to avoid Internet issues. Don’t use them for too long to protect your eyes. Third, spend 15 minutes daily on audio-visual materials (like English videos) to improve listening skills. Finally, use the library’s extended weekday hours (7:30 a.m. to 7:00 p.m.) for quiet study. 1．How often do Grade 9 students use academic print books? A．1-2 times/week B．2-4 times/week C．5-7 times/week D．3-5 times/week 2．Lily borrowed two print books and one audio-visual material from the library, but they were 3 days overdue (过期). How much does she need to pay? A．5 yuan B．12 yuan C．21 yuan D．17 yuan 3．What should students do to avoid internet problems with digital textbooks? A．Borrow print books instead. B．Download them at school. C．Use them only on weekends. D．Renew them online. 4．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Students can use the library all day on the Spring Festival. B．You can enter the library at 5:15 p.m. at weekends. C．Academic print books are used most often by Grade 9 students. D．Audio-visual materials are used 29% of the time. 5．What is the main purpose of the “Library Borrowing Tips”? A．To tell students library opening hours. B．To help Grade 9 students use library resources well. C．To explain late fee rules. D．To list new library policies. 6．Where would you most likely read this material? A．A science fiction book. B．An entertainment magazine. C．A school noticeboard. D．A cooking website. 三、补全对话 练习 1 Situation: Jimmy(J) talks with Dr Cordon(C) on the school online‑chat J: Dr Cordon, I’m a new student here. Some kids are bullying me. 1.________________________________________?（一般疑问句，问欺凌是不是从你两个月前到校之后就开始了） C: Yes. They said mean words about my height, and this has gone on ever since. J: 2.________________________________________?（特殊疑问句，How提问Jimmy现在感受如何） C: I feel really lonely. Other students are avoiding me and I’m scared to go to school. J: I’m sorry to hear that. 3.________________________________________.（课本建议：你不必独自承受，先告诉父母） C: Should I tell my teachers about it as well? J: Sure. With parents’ help, 4.________________________________________.（改写课本句子：向学校举报，学校应当制止这种行为） C: What else can I do to fit in? J: You can try to make some friends. 5.________________________________________.（课本建议：从和友善的同学打招呼开启对话） 练习 2 Situation: Two classmates discuss Dr Cordon’s advice about bullying A: Dr Cordon shares an important opinion about bullies. 1.________________________________________?（一般疑问句，问：是不是欺凌者内心才是软弱的一方） B: Yes. Often it is the bully who feels weak instead of the bullied person. A: 2.________________________________________?（特殊疑问句Why提问：为什么欺凌者做出恶劣行为） B: Because bullies want to make themselves feel strong by treating others badly. A: Is that knowledge helpful for us? B: 3.________________________.（肯定回答） It proves to be very powerful. A: 4.________________________________________?（特殊疑问句，问：如果我们遇到欺凌，我们不该忘记什么） B: We should remember we are not doing anything wrong; it is the bully that is wrong. A: That makes sense. 5.________________________________________.（提建议句型：我们也应该勇敢发声，不要保持沉默） 四、语法选择 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Nobody likes a bully, but bullying is a big problem around the world. According to the US National Bullying Prevention Center, one out of every five 1 in the US have been bullied. Nathan Fellars is 2 eighth grader at Centennial Middle School in Utah, the US. When he saw classmates being bullied, he 3 he had to do something. “People often deal with bullying after the bullying has happened. I wanted 4 if there was a way to reduce bullying before it happened at all,” Fellars told the Society for Science. After studying more about the causes of bullying, 5 had an idea to make the app Bully Block. On the app, students can share their lives, whether good 6 bad. Others can post their responses. But before the responses 7 , an AI program reads all of them. Only positive words will be shown. Fellars believes 8 this will naturally stop bullying both online and in schools. 9 useful app it is! “I would love to see my project be used 10 teachers and students,” said Fellars. “I love knowing that my invention can help somebody else in the world.” 1．A．students B．student C．students’ 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．know B．knows C．knew 4．A．see B．to see C．seeing 5．A．he B．him C．his 6．A．but B．or C．so 7．A．post B．is posted C．are posted 8．A．how B．what C．that 9．A．What a B．What an C．How 10．A．with B．by C．from 五、阅读回答问题 Do you like traveling by bike? Bike-riding is fun and good for our health. But it can be dangerous on the road. Here are some ways to ride safely. Never use your mobile phone when you are riding. When you look at your phone on your bike, it’s dangerous because it keeps you from paying attention to the road and the people around you. This can cause accidents. In some places, it’s also against the law to use a mobile phone while riding. If you are caught, you will have to pay a fine (罚款). So don’t use your phone when you are riding. Don’t change direction suddenly. Tell others what you are going to do before you do it. You can give people a sign, like looking around carefully before you change direction. Make sure others know that you have seen them. Then change your direction safely. If you don’t, you may hit a car. Check your bike often. It’s important for your safety. Also, check the brakes (刹车) to make sure they work well. If the brakes don’t work, you can’t stop your bike when riding. It’s very dangerous. You need to follow traffic rules. Stop at red lights and go at green lights. Don’t ride on the motorway (高速公路) because it’s for cars. If we follow these rules, we can ride safely and keep others safe, too. 1．What may happen if we are caught using a mobile phone while cycling in some places? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．How can we change our direction correctly? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．Why can’t we ride on the motorway? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．How many ways does the writer introduce for riding safely? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．What else can we do to be safe when riding a bike? (Your answer should be different from that in the text.) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 六、语法填空 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，将适当的单词填入空白处，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。每空一词。 Rules are like hidden guides in our daily lives. They play an important role in keeping everything in order. 1 rules, the world would be in a mess, because people might act as they want. In schools, rules such as being on time for class and respecting teachers help students focus on learning. They also teach students to be responsible and get on well with classmates. At home, simple 2 like finishing homework before playing or tidying up toys teach children good habits that help them all their lives. Rules are even more important in society. There 3 different rules in different places. Traffic rules, for example, keep roads safe for drivers and walkers. Laws (法律) against stealing or hurting others help to 4 people’s rights (权利) and make communities peaceful. In workplaces, rules make sure workers are treated fairly and help companies run well. In short, rules are not just limits (限制). They protect us, encourage fairness, 5 help communities develop well. Following rules shows respect for others and ourselves, making the world a better place to live in. ( 1 / 10 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit1 Law and order 课时2 Reading：主题阅读（分层作业） 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 一、重点词汇 1. 核心名词 bully /ˈbʊli/ n. 欺凌者 bullying /ˈbʊliɪŋ/ n. 校园欺凌 psychologist /saɪˈkɒlədʒɪst/ n. 心理学家 courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/ n. 勇气 behaviour /bɪˈheɪvjə(r)/ n. 行为 advice /ədˈvaɪs/ n. 建议（不可数） safety /ˈseɪfti/ n. 安全 conversation /ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃn/ n. 交谈 knowledge /ˈnɒlɪdʒ/ n. 认识；知识 power /ˈpaʊə(r)/ n. 力量 victim /ˈvɪktɪm/ n. 受害者 2. 核心动词 bully /ˈbʊli/ v. 欺负，欺凌 avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ v. 回避，避开 report /rɪˈpɔːt/ v. 报告，举报 act /ækt/ v. 行动 stop /stɒp/ v. 制止 agree /əˈɡriː/ v. 赞同 speak up 大胆说出 prove /pruːv/ v. 证明 3. 核心形容词 unkind /ˌʌnˈkaɪnd/ adj. 不友善的 mean /miːn/ adj. 刻薄的 lonely /ˈləʊnli/ adj. 孤独的 brave /breɪv/ adj. 勇敢的 weak /wiːk/ adj. 软弱的 powerful /ˈpaʊəfl/ adj. 强有力的 二、重点短语 1. give advice about 就……给出建议 2. take courage 需要勇气 3. go through it alone 独自承受这一切 4. tell sb. what has happened 告诉某人发生的事情 5. report it to sb. 向某人举报这件事 6. put a stop to this behaviour 制止这种行为 7. feel safe and welcome 感到安全、被接纳 8. make some friends 交朋友 9. speak up 大胆说出，敢于发声 10. start by saying “hi” 从打招呼开始 11. make oneself feel strong 让自己显得强大 12. prove to be powerful 证明十分有作用 13. go on ever since 从那以后一直持续 一、选词填空 A．specially B．consist of C．silent D．environment E.widely A guide to the library in Feng Xian The Library in Feng Xian offers different types of studying places and provides a good study 1 . Zones The library is divided into different zones. The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for 2 reading, and places where you can sit and work with your own computer. The reading places 3 tables and chairs. The ground floor is the zone where you can talk. Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work. Computer You can use your own computer to connect to the wi-fi 4 prepared for notebook computers; you can also use applications, such as Microsoft Office. They are on the ground floor. A．active B．maps C．allowed D．books E.anywhere Group-study places If you want to discuss freely without disturbing others, you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor. Some study rooms are for 2—3 people and others can hold up to 6—8 people. All rooms are marked on the library 5 . There are 40 group—study rooms that must be booked through the website. To book, you need an 6 account and a valid card. You can use a room three hours per day, nine hours at most per week. Rules to be followed Mobile phone conversations are not permitted 7 in the library. Keep your phone in silent mode as if you were in a lecture and exit the library if you need to receive calls. Please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library, but you are 8 to have drinks and sweets with you. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．E 8．C 【导语】本文介绍了奉贤图书馆的学习环境、功能区域、使用规则及相关注意事项。 【详解】1．句意：奉贤图书馆提供不同类型的学习场所，营造了良好的学习环境。根据前文“studying places” 及备选词可知，此处指良好的学习环境，environment“环境”符合语境，故选D。 2．句意：上层是安静区域，有上千个位置供安静阅读，还有可以坐下用自己电脑学习的地方。根据前文“quiet zone”及备选词可知，此处指安静阅读，silent“安静的” 符合语境，故选C。 3．句意：阅读区域由桌椅组成。根据“reading places”和“tables and chairs”的关系可知，此处指阅读区域由桌椅构成，consist of“由……组成”符合语境，故选B。 4．句意：你可以用自己的电脑连接专门为笔记本电脑准备的无线网络；你也可以使用应用程序，比如微软办公软件。根据“prepared for notebook computers”及备选词可知，此处指专门准备的无线网络，specially“专门地”符合语境，故选A。 5．句意：所有房间都标注在图书馆地图上。根据“marked”及备选词可知，此处指标注在图书馆地图上，maps“地图”符合语境，故选B。 6．句意：要预订，你需要一个活跃的账户和一张有效的信用卡。根据“To book”和“account”可知，此处表示帐户处于可使用或已启用状态，active“活跃的，已激活的”符合语境，故选A。 7．句意：图书馆内任何地方都不允许打电话。根据“Mobile phone conversations are not permitted”和备选词可知，此处指图书馆内的任何地方，anywhere“任何地方”符合语境，故选E。 8．句意：请注意图书馆内禁止携带食物和水果，但你可以携带饮料和糖果。根据前文“food and fruit are forbidden”和备选词可知，此处指被允许携带饮料和糖果，allowed“允许”符合语境，故选C。 二、阅读理解 To help Grade 9 students make better use of the school library, the library has released this guide. Resource Type Usage Frequency (频率) (Grade 9) Opening Hours Borrowing Rules Academic Print Books 62% (3-5 times/week) —Weekdays (Mon.-Fri.): 7:30 a.m.-7:00 p.m. (Extended (延长的) 1 hour exclusively (专门地) for Grade 9) —Weekends (Sat.-Sun.): 9:00 a.m.-5:30 p.m. (Last entry: 5:00 p.m.) —Public Holidays: 10:00 a.m.-3:00 p.m. (Closed on major festivals, such as National Day, Mid-Autumn Festival) —Academic print books: Loan (借阅) 3 weeks； 1 renewal (续借) (2 weeks) If unreserved —Digital resources: Downloadable for 72 hours (via school account) —Late fees: Print books=￥1 per day (max￥15); Audio-visual materials=￥2 per day Digital Textbooks 48% (2-4 times/week) Audio-Visual Materials (English videos) 35% (1-3 times/week) Collaborative (协作的) Study Spaces 29% (1-2 times/week) Tips for Grade 9 students! First, borrow academic print books 3 days early for exam study. Return them within 3 weeks to avoid late fees. Second, download digital textbooks at school to avoid Internet issues. Don’t use them for too long to protect your eyes. Third, spend 15 minutes daily on audio-visual materials (like English videos) to improve listening skills. Finally, use the library’s extended weekday hours (7:30 a.m. to 7:00 p.m.) for quiet study. 1．How often do Grade 9 students use academic print books? A．1-2 times/week B．2-4 times/week C．5-7 times/week D．3-5 times/week 2．Lily borrowed two print books and one audio-visual material from the library, but they were 3 days overdue (过期). How much does she need to pay? A．5 yuan B．12 yuan C．21 yuan D．17 yuan 3．What should students do to avoid internet problems with digital textbooks? A．Borrow print books instead. B．Download them at school. C．Use them only on weekends. D．Renew them online. 4．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Students can use the library all day on the Spring Festival. B．You can enter the library at 5:15 p.m. at weekends. C．Academic print books are used most often by Grade 9 students. D．Audio-visual materials are used 29% of the time. 5．What is the main purpose of the “Library Borrowing Tips”? A．To tell students library opening hours. B．To help Grade 9 students use library resources well. C．To explain late fee rules. D．To list new library policies. 6．Where would you most likely read this material? A．A science fiction book. B．An entertainment magazine. C．A school noticeboard. D．A cooking website. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要为九年级学生介绍了学校图书馆各类资源的使用频率、开放时间、借阅规则，并给出了使用建议。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据表格“Usage Frequency”列中“Academic Print Books”对应的“62% (3-5 times/week)”可知，九年级学生每周使用学术印刷书籍3-5次。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据表格“Borrowing Rules”中“Print books = ¥1 per day”和“Audio-visual materials = ¥2 per day”计算。两本印刷书过期3天需 ¥6；一份音像资料过期3天需¥6；总计¥12。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Tips for Grade 9 students!”部分的“Second, download digital textbooks at school to avoid Internet issues.”可知，为避免网络问题，学生应在学校下载数字教科书。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据表格数据，学术印刷书籍的使用频率为62%，是所有资源类型中最高的。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。“Library Borrowing Tips”部分给出的建议都是为了帮助学生更好地利用图书馆资源，因此其主要目的是帮助九年级学生用好图书馆资源。故选B。 6．推理判断题。本文是一份针对九年级学生的图书馆使用指南，包含具体的开放时间、规则和建议，最有可能出现在学校的公告栏上。故选C。 三、补全对话 练习 1 Situation: Jimmy(J) talks with Dr Cordon(C) on the school online‑chat J: Dr Cordon, I’m a new student here. Some kids are bullying me. 1.________________________________________?（一般疑问句，问欺凌是不是从你两个月前到校之后就开始了） C: Yes. They said mean words about my height, and this has gone on ever since. J: 2.________________________________________?（特殊疑问句，How提问Jimmy现在感受如何） C: I feel really lonely. Other students are avoiding me and I’m scared to go to school. J: I’m sorry to hear that. 3.________________________________________.（课本建议：你不必独自承受，先告诉父母） C: Should I tell my teachers about it as well? J: Sure. With parents’ help, 4.________________________________________.（改写课本句子：向学校举报，学校应当制止这种行为） C: What else can I do to fit in? J: You can try to make some friends. 5.________________________________________.（课本建议：从和友善的同学打招呼开启对话） 【答案及解析】 答案 1. Did the bullying start after you came to this school two months ago 2. How do you feel now 3. You don’t have to go through it alone. You should first tell your parents 4. report it to the school and the school should put a stop to this behaviour 5. Just start your conversation by saying “hi” to some kind classmates 解析 1. 一般过去时一般疑问句。故事发生在过去，助动词Did提前，谓语动词还原为start；信息源自Jimmy来信，考查一般过去时疑问句中考高频考点。 2. How引导特殊疑问句，对人的感受提问，中考高频句型；根据答句“I feel really lonely”判断问句询问情绪感受。 3. 直接使用课本原句go through it alone；考查情态动词should提建议，是交际对话核心考点。 4. report it to…、put a stop to this behaviour均为课文原短语；考查and连接并列宾语从句。 5. start by saying “hi”来自原文；考查祈使句给出建议的交际用法。 练习 2 Situation: Two classmates discuss Dr Cordon’s advice about bullying A: Dr Cordon shares an important opinion about bullies. 1.________________________________________?（一般疑问句，问：是不是欺凌者内心才是软弱的一方） B: Yes. Often it is the bully who feels weak instead of the bullied person. A: 2.________________________________________?（特殊疑问句Why提问：为什么欺凌者做出恶劣行为） B: Because bullies want to make themselves feel strong by treating others badly. A: Is that knowledge helpful for us? B: 3.________________________.（肯定回答） It proves to be very powerful. A: 4.________________________________________?（特殊疑问句，问：如果我们遇到欺凌，我们不该忘记什么） B: We should remember we are not doing anything wrong; it is the bully that is wrong. A: That makes sense. 5.________________________________________.（提建议句型：我们也应该勇敢发声，不要保持沉默） 【答案及解析】 参考答案 1. Is it true that often the bully is the one who feels weak 2. Why do bullies behave badly towards others 3. Yes, it is. 4. What shouldn’t we forget if we meet bullying 5. We should also speak up bravely instead of keeping silent 解析 1. 一般疑问句，内嵌课本重点强调句型it is…who…，用来强调主语the bully；中考复合句考点。 2. Why引导特殊疑问句，对原因提问；答句以Because回应，是中考阅读补全对话必考搭配。 3. 对Is引导一般疑问句做肯定简答，主谓保持一致。 4. What特殊疑问词提问事物；考查情态动词shouldn’t的疑问句语序；if引导条件状语从句。 5. speak up课本核心短语；instead of doing中考高频结构，of后面接动名词，用来表达“而不是”。 四、语法选择 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Nobody likes a bully, but bullying is a big problem around the world. According to the US National Bullying Prevention Center, one out of every five 1 in the US have been bullied. Nathan Fellars is 2 eighth grader at Centennial Middle School in Utah, the US. When he saw classmates being bullied, he 3 he had to do something. “People often deal with bullying after the bullying has happened. I wanted 4 if there was a way to reduce bullying before it happened at all,” Fellars told the Society for Science. After studying more about the causes of bullying, 5 had an idea to make the app Bully Block. On the app, students can share their lives, whether good 6 bad. Others can post their responses. But before the responses 7 , an AI program reads all of them. Only positive words will be shown. Fellars believes 8 this will naturally stop bullying both online and in schools. 9 useful app it is! “I would love to see my project be used 10 teachers and students,” said Fellars. “I love knowing that my invention can help somebody else in the world.” 1．A．students B．student C．students’ 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．know B．knows C．knew 4．A．see B．to see C．seeing 5．A．he B．him C．his 6．A．but B．or C．so 7．A．post B．is posted C．are posted 8．A．how B．what C．that 9．A．What a B．What an C．How 10．A．with B．by C．from 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个美国男孩开发了一款对付恶霸的应用程序。 【详解】1．句意：根据美国国家欺凌预防中心的数据，美国每五名学生中就有一名受到过欺凌。 students学生们，名词复数形式；student学生；students’学生的。根据“one out of every five…in the US have been bullied”可知，此处指美国每五名学生中就有一名受到过欺凌，空前为“every five”，空处应用名词复数，应填students。故选A。 2．句意：内森·费拉斯是美国犹他州百年中学的八年级学生。 a一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，定冠词，表特指。根据“Nathan Fellars is…eighth grader at Centennial Middle School”可知，此处指Fellars是一名八年级的学生，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，空后为“eighth”，是以元音音素开头，空处应填an。故选B。 3．句意：当他看到同学被欺负时，他知道他必须做点什么。 know知道；knows为know的第三人称单数形式；knew为know的过去式。根据“When he saw classmates being bullied”可知，此处讲述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，空处应用动词的过去式，应填knew。故选C。 4．句意：我想看看是否有办法在欺凌事件发生之前减少它。 see看见，动词原形；to see为动词不定式；seeing为see的动名词或现在分词形式。根据“I wanted…if there was a way to reduce bullying before it happened at all”可知，want to do sth.“想要做某事”，动词短语，空处应用动词不定式，应填to see。故选B。 5．句意：在研究了更多关于欺凌的原因后，他萌生了制作应用程序Bully Block的想法。 he他，人称代词的主格；him他，人称代词的宾格；his他的，名词性物主代词或形容词性物主代词。根据“…had an idea to make the app Bully Block”可知，此处缺少主语，应用人称代词的主格，应填he。故选A。 6．句意：在应用程序上，学生可以分享他们的生活，无论是好的还是坏的。 but但是；or或者；so因此。根据“students can share their lives, whether good…bad”可知，此处指学生可以分享他们的生活，无论是好的还是坏的；whether…or…“无论……还是……”，固定搭配，空处应填or。故选B。 7．句意：但在回复发布之前，人工智能程序会读取所有回复。 post发布；is posted被发布；are posted被发布。根据“But before the responses…an AI program reads all of them.”可知，此处指在回复发布之前，人工智能程序会读取所有回复；主语“the responses”与谓语动词“post”之间是被动关系，句子应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“be done”；主语为“the responses”，be动词应用are，空处应填are posted。故选C。 8．句意：费拉斯认为，这自然会阻止网络和学校中的欺凌行为。 how如何；what什么；that那个。根据“Fellars believes…this will naturally stop bullying both online and in schools. ”可知，此句为主从复合句，空前为动词“believes”，空处应用that引导宾语从句，that在句中不充当成分，故选C。 9．句意：这是一个多么有用的应用程序啊！ What a真是一个，其后接名词单数；What an真是一个，其后接名词单数；How后跟形容词或副词。根据“…useful app it is!”可知，此句为感叹句，中心词为单数名词“app”，应用“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词+主语+谓语”的结构；空后为形容词“useful”，是以辅音音素开头，空处应填What a。故选A。 10．句意：我希望看到我的应用程序被老师和学生使用。 with和；by被；from来自。根据“I would love to see my project be used…teachers and students”可知，此处指Fellars希望看到他的应用程序被老师和学生使用，应用介词by“被”。故选B。 五、阅读回答问题 Do you like traveling by bike? Bike-riding is fun and good for our health. But it can be dangerous on the road. Here are some ways to ride safely. Never use your mobile phone when you are riding. When you look at your phone on your bike, it’s dangerous because it keeps you from paying attention to the road and the people around you. This can cause accidents. In some places, it’s also against the law to use a mobile phone while riding. If you are caught, you will have to pay a fine (罚款). So don’t use your phone when you are riding. Don’t change direction suddenly. Tell others what you are going to do before you do it. You can give people a sign, like looking around carefully before you change direction. Make sure others know that you have seen them. Then change your direction safely. If you don’t, you may hit a car. Check your bike often. It’s important for your safety. Also, check the brakes (刹车) to make sure they work well. If the brakes don’t work, you can’t stop your bike when riding. It’s very dangerous. You need to follow traffic rules. Stop at red lights and go at green lights. Don’t ride on the motorway (高速公路) because it’s for cars. If we follow these rules, we can ride safely and keep others safe, too. 1．What may happen if we are caught using a mobile phone while cycling in some places? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．How can we change our direction correctly? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．Why can’t we ride on the motorway? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．How many ways does the writer introduce for riding safely? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．What else can we do to be safe when riding a bike? (Your answer should be different from that in the text.) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．We will have to pay a fine. 2．We can give people a sign, like looking around carefully before we change direction. 3．Because it’s for cars. 4．Four/5. 6．We should wear helmets when riding bikes. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了骑自行车上路的四种安全骑行规则和注意事项。 1．文中第二段直接指出“In some places, it’s also against the law to use a mobile phone while riding. If you are caught, you will have to pay a fine.”，在部分地区骑车用手机被抓后需要缴纳罚款，因此答案是原文直接提取信息。 2．文中第三段直接指出“You can give people a sign, like looking around carefully before you change direction.”，因此答案是原文直接提取信息。 3．文中第五段直接指出“Don’t ride on the motorway (高速公路) because it’s for cars.”，高速公路是为汽车设置的，因此不能骑自行车上去。 4．通读文章可知，文章依次介绍了四条安全骑行方法：骑车不玩手机、不突然变向、经常检查自行车、遵守交通规则。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，题干要求答案不能与原文内容重复，需要结合生活常识自主作答，合理即可。 六、语法填空 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，将适当的单词填入空白处，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。每空一词。 Rules are like hidden guides in our daily lives. They play an important role in keeping everything in order. 1 rules, the world would be in a mess, because people might act as they want. In schools, rules such as being on time for class and respecting teachers help students focus on learning. They also teach students to be responsible and get on well with classmates. At home, simple 2 like finishing homework before playing or tidying up toys teach children good habits that help them all their lives. Rules are even more important in society. There 3 different rules in different places. Traffic rules, for example, keep roads safe for drivers and walkers. Laws (法律) against stealing or hurting others help to 4 people’s rights (权利) and make communities peaceful. In workplaces, rules make sure workers are treated fairly and help companies run well. In short, rules are not just limits (限制). They protect us, encourage fairness, 5 help communities develop well. Following rules shows respect for others and ourselves, making the world a better place to live in. 【答案】1．Without 2．rules 3．are 4．protect 5．and 【导语】本文通过描述规则在日常生活、学校、家庭、社会和工作场所中的重要作用，强调了规则不仅是对行为的限制，更是保护、促进公平和社区发展的关键。 【详解】1．句意：没有规则，世界将会一团糟，因为人们可能会随心所欲地行事。根据“the world would be in a mess, because people might act as they want.”可知，此处指没有规则，世界将会一团糟，without“没有”，介词，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Without。 2．句意：在家里，像先完成作业再玩耍或整理玩具这样的简单规则，能教会孩子们受益终生的好习惯。根据“like finishing homework before playing or tidying up toys”可知，此处指一些规则，rule“规则”，可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指。故填rules。 3．句意：不同的地方有不同的规则。此处是there be句型，主语“different rules”是复数形式，且句子是一般现在时，be动词用are。故填are。 4．句意：禁止偷窃或伤害他人的法律有助于保护人们的权利，使社区和平。根据“Laws (法律) against stealing or hurting others help to...people’s rights (权利) and make communities peaceful.”可知，禁止偷窃或伤害他人的法律有助于保护人们的权利，protect“保护”，动词；help to do sth.“帮助做某事”，固定短语，此处应用动词原形。故填protect。 5．句意：它们保护我们，鼓励公平，并帮助社区良好发展。根据“They protect us, encourage fairness,...help communities develop well.”可知，此处指它们保护我们，鼓励公平，并帮助社区良好发展，应用and“和，并且”连接三个并列的谓语动词。故填and。 ( 1 / 10 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $