Unit 4 The Earth 语法填空（热点题型专练）英语新教材沪教版七年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“人与自然——地球”主题，通过基础巩固与拔高攻坚两级模块，系统训练语法填空核心能力，融合语言能力与文化意识培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |巩固基础·专项突破|8篇基础Passage（含地球常识、校园环保等）|简单语境，考查冠词、代词、名词单复数等基础语法点|从核心语法概念（如there be句型、介词搭配）到基础应用，逐步构建语法体系| |培优拔高·挑战攻坚|6篇中考模拟题（含海龟保护、海洋污染等）|复杂语境，涉及从句、非谓语动词等综合语法点|在基础语法上拓展，结合跨文化环保主题，提升语言综合运用与思维品质|

Unit 4 The Earth 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与自然——地球） 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 1．are 2．forests 3．highest 4．more 5．wonderful 6．as 7．millions 8．lovely 9．with 10．supports Passage 2（2024·广东省深圳市罗湖区期末考） 1．the 2．years 3．to change 4．our 5．pollution 6．of 7．stopped 8．and 9．does 10．will become Passage 3（2024·广东省深圳市罗湖实验学校月考） 1．to think 2．seasons 3．the 4．When 5．spending 6．their 7．are 8．nights 9．snowy 10．but Passage 4（2025·广东省深圳市龙岗区期末考） 1．students 2．is 3．in 4．picked 5．our 6．If 7．amazing 8．an 9．clearly 10．difference Passage 5 1．has 2．visited 3．was 4．photos 5．to fly 6．bought 7．to protect 8．a 9．brushing 10．cleaner Passage 6 1．travels 2．are 3．an 4．exciting 5．pollution 6．trees 7．with 8．Luckily 9．to protect 10．So Passage 7 1．an 2．with 3．are 4．sunny 5．heavily 6．leaves 7．snows 8．to make 9．But 10．our Passage 8 1．a 2．protecting 3．plants 4．finds 5．their 6．better 7．and 8．second 9．In 10．to work 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1（2026·四川省广元市中考） 1．completely 2．challenges 3．them 4．a 5．to protect 6．watching 7．by 8．were sold 9．excited 10．that Passage 2（2026·黑龙江省绥化市模拟考） 1．bottles 2．move 3．hundreds 4．dangerous 5．to tell 6．Finally 7．created 8．them 9．is 10．used Passage 3（2026·河南省平顶山市模拟考） 1．an 2．is 3．for 4．to 5．it Passage 4（2026·江苏省南京市模拟考） 1．was introduced 2．to sort 3．guidance 4．that/which 5．benefits 6．more beautiful 7．an 8．how 9．awareness 10．greener Passage 5（2026·河南省廊坊市模拟考） 1．millions 2．serious 3．than 4．harmful 5．for 6．disappearing 7．To protect 8．less 9．cleaning 10．an 11．how 12．counts 13．makes 14．to find 15．will become Passage 6 1．electricity 2．it 3．different 4．kept 5．with 6．to do 7．teeth 8．but 9．exercise 10．the 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 The Earth 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与自然——地球） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Can you tell what I’m talking about? It’s an amazing planet. Some places there are hot. Some are freezing cold. There 1 fields and mountains, rivers and seas, 2 (forest) and deserts. The 3 (high) mountain on it is over 8,800 metres above sea level. And the deepest part of it is 4 (many) than 10,000 metres down. The plants on it are 5 (wonder) in many different ways. The tallest trees in it can reach over 100 metres in height. The smallest plant is 6 small as a grain of rice. It is the home to 7 (million) of animals. Some, like tigers and lions, live on land. Other animals, like birds, enjoy the wide open sky. Big blue whales call the sea home, along with many amazing fish. From bears to birds, from butterflies to seahorses, animals make it 8 (love) and interesting. Anything else? It provides us 9 all the things we need, such as food, water, air and energy. It is our home and the only planet we know that 10 (support) life. Did you find out what it is? Passage 2（2024·广东省深圳市罗湖区期末考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Going Green We hear a lot about how we should change our lives to help save our planet. Jim Barnes, 15, from Oxford, is talking about what his family did last year to save 1 planet. Jim Barnes: According to a study, a common family makes more than one ton of rubbish a year. Some of the waste takes hundreds of 2 (year) to decay (腐烂). So, to help save the planet, our family decided 3 (change) our life habits last year. We recycled (再利用) everything. For example, we collected used things, such as paper and bottles and reused them. We also grew 4 (we) own vegetables. The study shows that, in a year, a family like ours uses too much electricity (电) for things like watching TV and taking showers. So there is a lot of 5 (pollute) every year. This pollution can cause health problems and global warming. Because 6 all this, we decided to do something to save electricity last year. We watched less TV and used low-energy light bulbs. We also 7 (stop) using the air conditioners. What’s more, we tried to use our car less to cut down on air pollution. My parents took the subway three times a week 8 I rode my bicycle to school last year. It is so important to protect our Earth. In my mind, if everyone 9 (do) something to protect the Earth, our planet 10 (become) more and more beautiful. Passage 3（2024·广东省深圳市罗湖实验学校月考） The weather in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres (半球) is different. It is fun 1 (think) that when it is cold in one place, it is hot in another. The Earth’s tilt (地球轴线) is the reason for the different 2 (season). This means that while one hemisphere is tilted (倾斜) towards 3 Sun, the other is tilted away from it. 4 it’s winter in the North, it’s summer in the South. Students in the Southern Hemisphere look forward to 5 (spend) summer vacation at the beach, while those in the Northern Hemisphere enjoy building snowmen during 6 (they) winter holidays. There 7 (be) holidays in both hemispheres, but the weather makes them different. For example, on special 8 (night) like Christmas Eve and New Year’s Eve, people all over the world get together. Because of the different weather, fireworks might go off over 9 (snow) places or near the beach, making each celebration special. So, the Earth’s tilt not only gives us different weather 10 also makes our traditions unique. Passage 4（2025·广东省深圳市龙岗区期末考） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 John: Wendy, look at the candy wrappers on the floor. The floor was so clean months ago! Wendy: Yes. Some 1 (student) often throw rubbish everywhere. Look! There 2 (be) also a broken glass bottle over there. It’s very dangerous and harmful to our school. John: You are right. Last Sunday, my family took part 3 a River Clean-up Day. We did lots of things. For example, we 4 (pick) up three bags of plastic waste. Wendy: That’s cool! What can we do for 5 (we) school? John: There are many things we can do. 6 we talk to our head teacher tomorrow, she will help us start a “Green Club”. Wendy: Great idea! But how can we attract people to join? John: We can make posters with 7 (amaze) pictures. Then, we need to explain the importance of protecting the environment (环境). Wendy: And we can also ask everyone to think of 8 idea to help. John: Good! I think they are willing to share. After sharing the ideas with each other, they will understand 9 (clear) about this club. Wendy: Yeah! It will make a 10 (different). Let’s meet at the teachers’ office. Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Changzhou is a beautiful city in Jiangsu Province. It 1 (have) a long history and many modern parks. Last Sunday, my family and I 2 (visit) Hongmei Park. The weather 3 (be) sunny and warm. We saw many flowers and took lots of 4 (photo).    My little sister wanted 5 (fly) a kite, but there wasn’t enough wind. So we 6 (buy) some ice cream instead. It was delicious! On our way home, we saw a sign: “Save water, save life.” It reminded us 7 (protect) the environment. My father said, “Everyone can make 8 difference.” I agree. Even small actions, like turning off the tap while 9 (brush) teeth, can help. I love my hometown, and I hope it will become 10 (clean) and greener in the future. Passage 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Earth is our home. This planet is around 4.5 billion years old. It 1 (travel) around the Sun. About 70% of the Earth is covered by water. The green and brown parts are the land. There 2 (be) many white clouds above the ground. As far as we know, out of all the planets in the solar system, only one, the Earth, can support life. The Earth is 3 amazing planet with beautiful forests. Some of the trees are so tall! They reach high into the sky. There are so many 4 (excite) places on our planet for us to explore. However, a lot of areas are now in danger because of too much 5 (pollute). We cut down too many 6 (tree). What’s more, we pollute the air and water. The Earth provides us 7 everything we need. 8 (lucky), we have realized the problems the Earth is facing, and it’s very important for us 9 (protect) the Earth. 10 let’s take care of it now! Passage 7 Hello, everyone. Welcome to my blog. My name is Harry, and I come from China. Today, I read 1 amazing story about helping the Earth. I would like to share it 2 you. The Earth is a wonderful place. There are high mountains and deserts. There are rivers running through green forests. There 3 (be) also different seasons and weather. It is warm and 4 (sun) in spring. It often rains 5 (heavy) in summer. In autumn, 6 (leaf) are colorful. In winter, it 7 (snow) and becomes cold. It’s very exciting 8 (make) snowmen. The Earth is known as our home, and it gives us air, water and tasty food. 9 some people are doing bad things to it. We are supposed to stop them. I hope 10 (we) Earth will be better and better. Passage 8 Li Yuxuan is a middle school student from Chengdu. She loves the earth and she is 1 little helper for nature. Li often uses AI to learn about 2 (protect) nature. AI helps her get to know 3 (plant) and animals. Then she goes to the forest and 4 (find) them. She tries to protect them with the help of AI. Many people learn much from her. They say 5 (they) knowledge about nature helps a lot. And they get 6 (good) at protecting nature than before. Now Li works together with her family 7 classmates. Every weekend, they help with nature. Her friends Mary and Jack are the first and the 8 (two) to go with her. “AI makes helping nature easy”, Li says, “ 9 fact, AI gives more than ideas.” She decides 10 (work) harder to help nature. She shows us kids can also use AI to love and protect our earth. 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1（2026·四川省广元市中考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 There are different kinds of sea turtles in the world. The sea turtles are endangered. Several are in danger of being gone 1 (complete). Sea turtles lay large groups of eggs under the sand on beaches. The eggs face many 2 (challenge), both natural and man-made. In Costa Rica, one big challenge is poachers (偷猎者)—they take the eggs in order to sell 3 (they). Kim Williams Guillen is 4 scientist. She works for the University of Michigan and Paso Pacifico. She works 5 (protect) animals in Costa Rica. After 6 (watch) some TV shows, she suddenly had an idea. What if poachers could be followed 7 using a fake (假的) turtle egg with a GPS tracker (跟踪器) inside? Dr Williams Guillen showed that idea and it won a $10,000 prize. She then worked with other scientists to create the fake egg. It was made of a special material, just like a ping-pong ball. It was cheap and easy to make fake eggs, so they made a lot of them. The scientist put some fake eggs into 101 different turtle nests in Costa Rica. According to the results, most eggs 8 (sell) to local people. That wasn’t a big surprise, since in Costa Rica, turtle eggs are considered a special kind of food. The scientists were 9 (excite) about the results of the fake eggs. The test shows that such simple ways can work well. The scientists believe 10 similar ideas could be helpful in other places as well. Passage 2（2026·黑龙江省绥化市模拟考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Each year, billions of pounds of garbage end up in the oceans. Sometimes people throw away water 1 (bottle) or other plastic. They do not recycle their garbage. People may not know that wind and rain can 2 (move) garbage from land to sea. Plastic takes a very long time to break down. It can remain in the oceans for 3 (hundred) of years. Plastic pieces are very 4 (danger) to sea animals. One group, Washed Ashore, came up with a new idea 5 (tell) people about the problems in the oceans. First, they take the garbage from a beach. Then, they clean and sort it. 6 (final), they work with the plastic pieces to make huge works of art. The artwork is mostly of sea creatures (生物). Washed Ashore has 7 (create) more than seventy of these works of art. Some of 8 (they) are now traveling in a show all over the world. Each piece shows the effects of trash. In one show, people learn how plastic fools fish and other sea animals. They think the plastic 9 (be) food, eat it, and get very sick or even die. This would not happen if people 10 (use) less plastic and did not litter. The plastic would not end up in the ocean. Passage 3（2026·河南省平顶山市模拟考） A new report from the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) says that the sizes of animal populations around the world have dropped by 1 average of 73% since 1970. The WWF report says humans are the main reason why animal populations are dropping. The biggest problem 2 that humans are destroying the places where wild animals live. The report says that 40% of the land on Earth is used 3 growing food by humans. Climate change, pollution, and over-hunting are also major problems. The WWF says strong steps are needed 4 protect the planet’s animals; humans will need to make big changes in the ways they eat, farm, and create energy. The group also says 5 is important to protect 30% of the world’s land, oceans, and rivers by 2030. Leaders from around the world often meet at the United Nations meetings to discuss how to protect the world’s animals. Passage 4（2026·江苏省南京市模拟考） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Garbage sorting has become a common practice in Nanjing since it 1 (introduce) in 2020. The government has taken many measures to promote garbage sorting, including putting up posters, holding lectures and providing free garbage bags. At first, many people found it difficult 2 (sort) their garbage correctly. They were not sure which bin different kinds of waste should go into. To help them, community workers and volunteers stood by the garbage bins every day to give people 3 (guide). They explained the rules patiently and showed people how to sort their waste properly. Now, most people in Nanjing have developed the habit of garbage sorting. They know that kitchen waste should go into the green bin, recyclables into the blue bin, harmful waste into the red bin and other waste into the gray bin. Some communities have even introduced smart garbage bins 4 can automatically sort the waste and give people points for correct sorting. Garbage sorting has brought many 5 (benefit) to Nanjing. It has reduced the amount of waste that goes to landfills, saved a lot of resources and improved the environment. The city is now much cleaner and 6 (beautiful) than before. However, there is still room for improvement. Some people still do not sort their garbage correctly, and some even throw rubbish everywhere. We need to continue to promote garbage sorting and make it 7 important part of people’s daily lives. As middle school students, we should take the lead in garbage sorting. We should learn more about garbage sorting and teach our family and friends 8 to do it correctly. We can also organize activities at school to raise people’s 9 (aware) of environmental protection. Small actions can make a big difference. If everyone sorts their garbage correctly, we can make Nanjing a 10 (green) and more beautiful city to live in. Passage 5（2026·河北省廊坊市模拟考） The ocean covers about 70% of the Earth’s surface. It is home to 1 (million) of sea animals and plants. However, the ocean is in 2 (seriously) danger now because of human activities. One of the biggest problems is plastic pollution. Every year, more 3 8 million tons of plastic go into the ocean. This plastic is 4 (harm) to sea animals. They may eat it or get trapped (被困) in it. Many sea animals die 5 this reason. Another problem is overfishing. People catch too many fish in a short time. Some kinds of fish are 6 (appear) from the ocean. This breaks the balance of the ocean’s ecosystem. 7 (protect) the ocean, we need to take action right now. We can start with small things. For example, we should use 8 (little) plastic and reuse bottles. We can also take part in beach 9 (clean) activities. Schools can also play 10 important role. Teachers can organize educational activities about ocean protection. Students can learn 11 to sort (分类) waste properly. Every small action 12 (count). The government 13 (make) laws to stop overfishing and pollution. Scientists are working hard 14 (find) new ways to save the ocean. If we all work together, the ocean 15 (become) cleaner and safer for all living things. Passage 6 How did we help to save our earth this week? Let me tell you. First, my family tried to save 1 (electric). We never left the lights on when leaving the rooms. We turned off the TV when nobody was watching 2 . And my mom only used hot water when it was necessary. Second, we started recycling this week. We tried to write on both sides of our paper, not just on one side. We also divided our rubbish into 3 (difference) bags for bottles, paper and food. Mom 4 (keep) the plastic shopping bags from the supermarket to use them again as rubbish bags. Third, my family started to save water. We took short showers instead of taking long baths. We washed the toilet 5 used water. Mom and dad used less water 6 (do) the washing. My sister and I didn’t leave the water running when we brushed our 7 (tooth). At last, mom and dad began to save gas. Mom used to drive us to school, 8 now my sister and I start riding our bikes to school. It’s hard work but good 9 (exercise)! This week dad and a few of the people in his company also started to go to work in one car and shared 10 cost. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 The Earth 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与自然——地球） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Can you tell what I’m talking about? It’s an amazing planet. Some places there are hot. Some are freezing cold. There 1 fields and mountains, rivers and seas, 2 (forest) and deserts. The 3 (high) mountain on it is over 8,800 metres above sea level. And the deepest part of it is 4 (many) than 10,000 metres down. The plants on it are 5 (wonder) in many different ways. The tallest trees in it can reach over 100 metres in height. The smallest plant is 6 small as a grain of rice. It is the home to 7 (million) of animals. Some, like tigers and lions, live on land. Other animals, like birds, enjoy the wide open sky. Big blue whales call the sea home, along with many amazing fish. From bears to birds, from butterflies to seahorses, animals make it 8 (love) and interesting. Anything else? It provides us 9 all the things we need, such as food, water, air and energy. It is our home and the only planet we know that 10 (support) life. Did you find out what it is? 【答案】1．are 2．forests 3．highest 4．more 5．wonderful 6．as 7．millions 8．lovely 9．with 10．supports 【导语】本文主要介绍了地球的地貌、动植物的多样性，以及它作为人类与生物家园的重要性，最终点明它是唯一已知孕育生命的星球。 1．句意：有田野和山脉、河流与海洋、森林与沙漠。此处为“there be”句型缺少be动词，遵循“就近原则”，靠近be动词的“fields”是复数，故填are。 2．句意：有田野和山脉、河流与海洋、森林与沙漠。此处是“and”连接的两个并列名词，与“deserts”一样，需用“forest”的复数形式forests，故填forests。 3．句意：它上面最高的山海拔超过8800米。结合“over 8,800 metres”的描述，此处需用“high”的最高级形式highest，故填highest。 4．句意：而它最深的地方超过10000米深。“than”是比较级的标志，所以用“many”的比较级形式more，“more than”意为“超过”，故填more。 5．句意：上面的植物在很多方面都很奇妙。“be”动词后需用形容词作表语，“wonder”的形容词形式是wonderful，故填wonderful。 6．句意：最小的植物和一粒米一样小。根据“...small as a grain of rice”可知，此处为“as+形容词+as”结构，意为“和……一样……”，故填as。 7．句意：它是数百万动物的家园。“millions of”是固定短语，意为“数百万的”，故填millions。 8．句意：从熊到鸟，从蝴蝶到海马，动物让它变得可爱又有趣。根据“make it... and interesting”可知，此处为“make+宾语+形容词”结构，“love”的形容词形式是lovely，故填lovely。 9．句意：它为我们提供所有我们需要的东西，如食物、水、空气和能量。“provide sb. with sth.”是固定短语，意为“为某人提供某物”，故填with。 10．句意：它是我们的家园，并且是我们已知的唯一孕育生命的星球。根据“the only planet we know that...”可知此句为定语从句，先行词“planet”是单数，一般现在时中谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，故填supports。 Passage 2（2024·广东省深圳市罗湖区期末考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Going Green We hear a lot about how we should change our lives to help save our planet. Jim Barnes, 15, from Oxford, is talking about what his family did last year to save 1 planet. Jim Barnes: According to a study, a common family makes more than one ton of rubbish a year. Some of the waste takes hundreds of 2 (year) to decay (腐烂). So, to help save the planet, our family decided 3 (change) our life habits last year. We recycled (再利用) everything. For example, we collected used things, such as paper and bottles and reused them. We also grew 4 (we) own vegetables. The study shows that, in a year, a family like ours uses too much electricity (电) for things like watching TV and taking showers. So there is a lot of 5 (pollute) every year. This pollution can cause health problems and global warming. Because 6 all this, we decided to do something to save electricity last year. We watched less TV and used low-energy light bulbs. We also 7 (stop) using the air conditioners. What’s more, we tried to use our car less to cut down on air pollution. My parents took the subway three times a week 8 I rode my bicycle to school last year. It is so important to protect our Earth. In my mind, if everyone 9 (do) something to protect the Earth, our planet 10 (become) more and more beautiful. 【答案】1．the 2．years 3．to change 4．our 5．pollution 6．of 7．stopped 8．and 9．does 10．will become 【导语】本文主要介绍了吉姆·巴恩斯一家去年为拯救地球所做的事情。 1．句意：来自牛津的15岁的吉姆·巴恩斯正在讲述他的家人去年为拯救地球所做的事情。空处位于可数名词planet前，表示特指，用the，the planet“地球”。故填the。 2．句意：有些废物需要数百年才能腐烂。空处位于数词hundreds of后，填可数名词复数作宾语。year“年”，可数名词，其复数形式为years。故填years。 3．句意：所以，为了帮助拯救地球，我们家去年决定改变我们的生活习惯。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，空处填动词不定式。change“改变”，动词，其不定式为to change。故填to change。 4．句意：我们还自己种蔬菜。one’s own sth“某人自己的……”，空处填形容词性物主代词。we“我们”，主格，其形容词性物主代词为our。故填our。 5．句意：所以每年都有很多污染。空处位于a lot of后，填名词作表语。pollute“污染”，动词，其名词为pollution“污染”，不可数名词。故填pollution。 6．句意：因为这一切，去年我们决定做一些事情来节约用电。because of“因为”，后接单词或短语。故填of。 7．句意：我们也停止使用空调。此处指去年发生的事情，用一般过去时。空处位于主语We后，填动词过去式作谓语。stop“停止”，动词，其过去式为stopped。故填stopped。 8．句意：去年，我父母每周乘三次地铁，并且我骑自行车上学。空处填连词连接前后两句话，且前后两句话是并列关系。and“并且”，表并列关系。故填and。 9．句意：在我看来，如果每个人都做一些事情来保护地球，我们的星球将变得越来越美丽。此句为if引导的条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”。空处位于从句，用一般现在时。空处位于主语everyone后，填动词三单形式作谓语。do“做”，动词，其三单形式为does。故填does。 10．句意：在我看来，如果每个人都做一些事情来保护地球，我们的星球将变得越来越美丽。此句为if引导的条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”。空处位于主句，用一般将来时，结构为will do。become“变成”，动词。故填will become。 Passage 3（2024·广东省深圳市罗湖实验学校月考） The weather in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres (半球) is different. It is fun 1 (think) that when it is cold in one place, it is hot in another. The Earth’s tilt (地球轴线) is the reason for the different 2 (season). This means that while one hemisphere is tilted (倾斜) towards 3 Sun, the other is tilted away from it. 4 it’s winter in the North, it’s summer in the South. Students in the Southern Hemisphere look forward to 5 (spend) summer vacation at the beach, while those in the Northern Hemisphere enjoy building snowmen during 6 (they) winter holidays. There 7 (be) holidays in both hemispheres, but the weather makes them different. For example, on special 8 (night) like Christmas Eve and New Year’s Eve, people all over the world get together. Because of the different weather, fireworks might go off over 9 (snow) places or near the beach, making each celebration special. So, the Earth’s tilt not only gives us different weather 10 also makes our traditions unique. 【答案】1．to think 2．seasons 3．the 4．When 5．spending 6．their 7．are 8．nights 9．snowy 10．but 【导语】本文介绍了由于地轴倾斜造成的南北半球天气的不同以及由此造成的各地独特的传统。 1．句意：想到一个地方寒冷时，另一个地方却炎热，这很有趣。此处是it is+形容词+to do句型，意为“做某事是……的”。故填to think。 2．句意：地球轴线的倾斜是季节不同的原因。根据“different”可知，此处指不同的季节，应该用复数。故填seasons。 3．句意：这意味着当一个半球倾向于太阳时，另一个半球则远离它。根据“Sun”可知，独一无二的事物前使用定冠词。故填the。 4．句意：当北半球是冬季时，南半球则是夏季。根据“it’s summer in the South.”可知，此处指在北半球是冬季时，南半球是夏季。需要使用when引导时间状语从句。故填When。 5．句意：南半球的学生期待着去海滩度过暑假，而北半球的学生则在享受在他们的寒假期间堆雪人。look forward to doing sth.意为“向往做某事”，固定搭配。故填spending。 6．句意：南半球的学生期待着去海滩度过暑假，而北半球的学生则在享受在他们的寒假期间堆雪人。根据“winter holidays”可知，此处指处于他们的寒假当中，需要使用物主代词。故填their。 7．句意：两个半球都有假期，但天气使它们变得不同。根据“holidays”可知，此处there be句型的主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are。 8．句意：例如，在像圣诞夜和新年前夕这样的特殊夜晚，全世界的人们都会聚在一起。根据“like Christmas’ Eve and New Year’s Eve”可知，此处指特殊的夜晚，不特指某一个，故要用复数。故填nights。 9．句意：由于不同的天气条件，烟花可能会在有雪的地方或靠近海滩的地方燃放，使得每个庆祝活动都显得特别。根据“places”可知，此处需要形容词作定语，意为多雪的地方。故填snowy。 10．句意：因此，地球轴线的倾斜不仅给我们带来了不同的天气，也使我们的传统变得独特。根据“not only”可知，此处是not only…but also…句型，意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。 Passage 4（2025·广东省深圳市龙岗区期末考） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 John: Wendy, look at the candy wrappers on the floor. The floor was so clean months ago! Wendy: Yes. Some 1 (student) often throw rubbish everywhere. Look! There 2 (be) also a broken glass bottle over there. It’s very dangerous and harmful to our school. John: You are right. Last Sunday, my family took part 3 a River Clean-up Day. We did lots of things. For example, we 4 (pick) up three bags of plastic waste. Wendy: That’s cool! What can we do for 5 (we) school? John: There are many things we can do. 6 we talk to our head teacher tomorrow, she will help us start a “Green Club”. Wendy: Great idea! But how can we attract people to join? John: We can make posters with 7 (amaze) pictures. Then, we need to explain the importance of protecting the environment (环境). Wendy: And we can also ask everyone to think of 8 idea to help. John: Good! I think they are willing to share. After sharing the ideas with each other, they will understand 9 (clear) about this club. Wendy: Yeah! It will make a 10 (different). Let’s meet at the teachers’ office. 【答案】1．students 2．is 3．in 4．picked 5．our 6．If 7．amazing 8．an 9．clearly 10．difference 【导语】本文主要讲述了John和Wendy看到学校地板上有垃圾，并讨论如何通过组建“绿色俱乐部”来改善学校环境。 1．句意：一些学生经常到处扔垃圾。“Some”修饰可数名词复数，student的复数形式为students。故填students。 2．句意：看！那边还有一个破碎的玻璃瓶。此句为There be句型，主语“a broken glass bottle”为单数，be动词应用is。故填is。 3．句意：上周日，我的家人参加了一个河流清洁日。“take part in”为固定短语，意为“参加”，此处缺少介词in。故填in。 4．句意：例如，我们捡了三袋塑料垃圾。根据前文的时间状语“Last Sunday”表示过去，动词应用一般过去时，pick的过去式为picked。故填picked。 5．句意：我们能为我们的学校做些什么？此处修饰名词“school”，需用形容词性物主代词，we的形容词性物主代词为our。故填our。 6．句意：如果我们明天和班主任谈谈，她会帮助我们成立一个“绿色俱乐部”。此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，应用连词if，位于句首，首字母大写。故填If。 7．句意：我们可以用令人惊叹的图片制作海报。此处修饰名词“pictures”，需用形容词形式，amaze的形容词为amazing。故填amazing。 8．句意：我们也可以请每个人都想出一个主意来帮忙。此处泛指“一个主意”，idea以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 9．句意：在彼此分享想法之后，他们会清楚地了解这个俱乐部。此处修饰动词“understand”，需用副词形式，clear的副词为clearly。故填clearly。 10．句意：这将会带来改变。根据“make a”可知，此处应填一个可数名词单数，different的名词为difference，“make a difference”意为“产生影响，带来改变”。故填difference。 Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Changzhou is a beautiful city in Jiangsu Province. It 1 (have) a long history and many modern parks. Last Sunday, my family and I 2 (visit) Hongmei Park. The weather 3 (be) sunny and warm. We saw many flowers and took lots of 4 (photo).    My little sister wanted 5 (fly) a kite, but there wasn’t enough wind. So we 6 (buy) some ice cream instead. It was delicious! On our way home, we saw a sign: “Save water, save life.” It reminded us 7 (protect) the environment. My father said, “Everyone can make 8 difference.” I agree. Even small actions, like turning off the tap while 9 (brush) teeth, can help. I love my hometown, and I hope it will become 10 (clean) and greener in the future. 【答案】1．has 2．visited 3．was 4．photos 5．to fly 6．bought 7．to protect 8．a 9．brushing 10．cleaner 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者一家上周日游览常州红梅公园的愉快经历，途中看到环保标语后引发对保护环境的思考，表达了对家乡的热爱和希望家乡变得更洁净、更环保的愿望。 1．句意：它有着悠久的历史和许多现代化的公园。have为动词，此处描述常州的客观情况，应用一般现在时，主语It为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式has。故填has。 2．句意：上周日，我和我的家人游览了红梅公园。visit为动词，根据时间状语“Last Sunday”可知，此处应用一般过去时，visit的过去式为visited。故填visited。 3．句意：天气晴朗温暖。be动词在此处作谓语，根据“Last Sunday”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语The weather为不可数名词，be动词应用was。故填was。 4．句意：我们看到了许多花，还拍了很多照片。photo为可数名词，“lots of”后接可数名词复数形式，photo的复数为photos。故填photos。 5．句意：我的小妹妹想放风筝，但是没有足够的风。fly为动词，“want to do sth.”为固定短语，意为“想要做某事”，此处应用动词不定式to fly。故填to fly。 6．句意：所以我们买了一些冰淇淋代替。buy为动词，根据上下文语境可知，此处描述上周日的经历，应用一般过去时，buy的过去式为bought。故填bought。 7．句意：它提醒我们要保护环境。protect为动词，“remind sb. to do sth.”为固定短语，意为“提醒某人做某事”，此处应用动词不定式to protect。故填to protect。 8．句意：每个人都能产生影响。“make a difference”为固定短语，意为“产生影响、起作用”，此处应填不定冠词a。故填a。 9．句意：即使是小小的行动，比如刷牙时关掉水龙头，也会有帮助。brush为动词，while引导时间状语从句时，若从句主语与主句主语一致且含有be动词，可省略主语和be动词，此处完整形式为“while we are brushing teeth”，省略后应用brushing。故填brushing。 10．句意：我爱我的家乡，我希望它在未来会变得更干净、更环保。clean为形容词，根据空后“and greener”可知，此处应用clean的比较级cleaner，与greener构成并列关系，体现家乡未来的变化。故填cleaner。 Passage 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Earth is our home. This planet is around 4.5 billion years old. It 1 (travel) around the Sun. About 70% of the Earth is covered by water. The green and brown parts are the land. There 2 (be) many white clouds above the ground. As far as we know, out of all the planets in the solar system, only one, the Earth, can support life. The Earth is 3 amazing planet with beautiful forests. Some of the trees are so tall! They reach high into the sky. There are so many 4 (excite) places on our planet for us to explore. However, a lot of areas are now in danger because of too much 5 (pollute). We cut down too many 6 (tree). What’s more, we pollute the air and water. The Earth provides us 7 everything we need. 8 (lucky), we have realized the problems the Earth is facing, and it’s very important for us 9 (protect) the Earth. 10 let’s take care of it now! 【答案】1．travels 2．are 3．an 4．exciting 5．pollution 6．trees 7．with 8．Luckily 9．to protect 10．So 【导语】本文讲述了地球是我们的家园，是太阳系中唯一有生命的星球，因污染等问题正面临危机，我们需保护地球。 1．句意：它围绕太阳运转。travel“运转，旅行”，动词；本句描述客观真理，用一般现在时，主语It是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填travels。 2．句意：地面上方有许多白云。本句是there be句型，be动词的单复数由后面的名词决定，many white clouds是复数，be动词用are。故填are。 3．句意：地球是一颗有着美丽森林的神奇星球。planet是可数名词单数，amazing是以元音音素开头的单词，表泛指用不定冠词an。故填an。 4．句意：我们的星球上有很多令人兴奋的地方供我们探索。excite“使兴奋”，动词；此处修饰名词places，用形容词exciting，意为“令人兴奋的”。故填exciting。 5．句意：然而，由于污染严重，很多地区现在正处于危险之中。pollute“污染”，动词；too much后接不可数名词，pollute的名词形式是pollution。故填pollution。 6．句意：我们砍伐了太多的树。tree“树”，可数名词；too many后接可数名词复数，tree的复数形式是trees。故填trees。 7．句意：地球为我们提供了我们需要的一切。固定搭配provide sb. with sth.意为“为某人提供某物”。故填with。 8．句意：幸运的是，我们已经意识到了地球正面临的问题。lucky“幸运的”，形容词；此处修饰整个句子，用副词Luckily。故填Luckily。 9．句意：对我们来说，保护地球是非常重要的。固定句型It’s+adj.+for sb. to do sth.意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。故填to protect。 10．句意：所以现在就让我们爱护它吧！前文提到地球面临的问题和保护地球的重要性，此处表因果关系，用连词So。故填So。 Passage 7 Hello, everyone. Welcome to my blog. My name is Harry, and I come from China. Today, I read 1 amazing story about helping the Earth. I would like to share it 2 you. The Earth is a wonderful place. There are high mountains and deserts. There are rivers running through green forests. There 3 (be) also different seasons and weather. It is warm and 4 (sun) in spring. It often rains 5 (heavy) in summer. In autumn, 6 (leaf) are colorful. In winter, it 7 (snow) and becomes cold. It’s very exciting 8 (make) snowmen. The Earth is known as our home, and it gives us air, water and tasty food. 9 some people are doing bad things to it. We are supposed to stop them. I hope 10 (we) Earth will be better and better. 【答案】1．an 2．with 3．are 4．sunny 5．heavily 6．leaves 7．snows 8．to make 9．But 10．our 【导语】本文是Harry博客中的一篇短文，介绍了地球的自然环境、四季变化，并呼吁人们保护地球。 1．句意：今天，我读了一个关于帮助地球的惊人故事。由“amazing story”可知，此处表示泛指，amazing以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an，表示“一个”。故填an。 2．句意：我想和你分享它。share sth. with sb.“和某人分享某物”，固定搭配。故填with。 3．句意：也有不同的季节和天气。there be句型中，时态为一般现在时，主语“different seasons and weather”为复数，be动词应用are。故填are。 4．句意：春天温暖且阳光明媚。由“warm and”可知，and连接并列形容词，sun的形容词sunny“阳光明媚的”符合语境。故填sunny。 5．句意：夏天经常下大雨。修饰动词rains，应用heavy的副词heavily“大量地”。故填heavily。 6．句意：在秋天，树叶是五彩缤纷的。leaf为可数名词，由“are”可知，此处用复数leaves表示泛指。故填leaves。 7．句意：在冬天，下雪并且变冷。描述自然现象，应用一般现在时，主语it为第三人称单数，谓语动词snow应用三单形式snows。故填snows。 8．句意：堆雪人是非常令人兴奋的。由“It’s very exciting”可知，It’s+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是……的”，固定句型。故填to make。 9．句意：但是一些人对它做坏事。根据“The Earth is known as our home...it gives us...”和“some people are doing bad things to it”可知，前后为转折关系，应用But“但是”。故填But。 10．句意：我希望我们的地球会越来越好。修饰名词Earth，应用we的形容词性物主代词our“我们的”。故填our。 Passage 8 Li Yuxuan is a middle school student from Chengdu. She loves the earth and she is 1 little helper for nature. Li often uses AI to learn about 2 (protect) nature. AI helps her get to know 3 (plant) and animals. Then she goes to the forest and 4 (find) them. She tries to protect them with the help of AI. Many people learn much from her. They say 5 (they) knowledge about nature helps a lot. And they get 6 (good) at protecting nature than before. Now Li works together with her family 7 classmates. Every weekend, they help with nature. Her friends Mary and Jack are the first and the 8 (two) to go with her. “AI makes helping nature easy”, Li says, “ 9 fact, AI gives more than ideas.” She decides 10 (work) harder to help nature. She shows us kids can also use AI to love and protect our earth. 【答案】1．a 2．protecting 3．plants 4．finds 5．their 6．better 7．and 8．second 9．In 10．to work 【导语】本文讲述了中学生李雨轩，她热爱地球，是自然的小帮手。她使用AI来学习保护自然。 1．句意：她热爱地球，并且她是大自然的一个小帮手。根据“little helper for nature”可知，此处表示“一个小帮手”，用不定冠词表示泛指，“little”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用“a”。故填a。 2．句意：李经常使用人工智能来了解保护自然。根据“learn about...nature”可知，此处表示“了解保护自然”，“about”是介词，所以“protect”要用动名词形式“protecting”。故填protecting。 3．句意：人工智能帮助她了解植物和动物。根据“and animals”可知，此处表示“植物和动物”，用名词复数形式，“plant”的复数是“plants”。故填plants。 4．句意：然后她去森林里寻找它们。根据“Then she goes to the forest and...them.”可知，此处表示“去森林里寻找它们”，and连接两个并列的谓语动词，“goes”是三单形式，所以“find”也用三单形式“finds”。故填finds。 5．句意：他们说他们关于自然的知识很有帮助。根据“knowledge about nature”可知，此处修饰名词，用形容词性物主代词，“they”的形容词性物主代词是“their”。故填their。 6．句意：并且他们比以前更擅长保护自然了。根据“than before”可知，此处表示比较，用比较级，“good”的比较级是“better”。故填better。 7．句意：现在李和她的家人以及同学一起工作。根据“her family...classmates”可知，此处表示“家人和同学”，用连词“and”连接。故填and。 8．句意：她的朋友玛丽和杰克是第一个和第二个和她一起去的人。根据“the first and the...”可知，此处表示“第一个和第二个”，用序数词，“two”的序数词是“second”。故填second。 9．句意：事实上，人工智能提供的不仅仅是想法。根据“fact”可知，此处表示“事实上”，用固定短语“in fact”，句首首字母大写。故填In。 10．句意：她决定更加努力地工作来帮助自然。根据“decides...harder to help nature”可知，此处表示“决定更加努力地工作”，用固定短语“decide to do sth.”表示“决定做某事”，所以“work”用动词不定式形式“to work”。故填to work。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1（2026·四川省广元市中考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 There are different kinds of sea turtles in the world. The sea turtles are endangered. Several are in danger of being gone 1 (complete). Sea turtles lay large groups of eggs under the sand on beaches. The eggs face many 2 (challenge), both natural and man-made. In Costa Rica, one big challenge is poachers (偷猎者)—they take the eggs in order to sell 3 (they). Kim Williams Guillen is 4 scientist. She works for the University of Michigan and Paso Pacifico. She works 5 (protect) animals in Costa Rica. After 6 (watch) some TV shows, she suddenly had an idea. What if poachers could be followed 7 using a fake (假的) turtle egg with a GPS tracker (跟踪器) inside? Dr Williams Guillen showed that idea and it won a $10,000 prize. She then worked with other scientists to create the fake egg. It was made of a special material, just like a ping-pong ball. It was cheap and easy to make fake eggs, so they made a lot of them. The scientist put some fake eggs into 101 different turtle nests in Costa Rica. According to the results, most eggs 8 (sell) to local people. That wasn’t a big surprise, since in Costa Rica, turtle eggs are considered a special kind of food. The scientists were 9 (excite) about the results of the fake eggs. The test shows that such simple ways can work well. The scientists believe 10 similar ideas could be helpful in other places as well. 【答案】1．completely 2．challenges 3．them 4．a 5．to protect 6．watching 7．by 8．were sold 9．excited 10．that 【导语】本文介绍了海龟濒临灭绝，龟卵遭偷猎。一位科学家制作带GPS的假龟卵追踪偷猎者，实验发现龟卵大多卖给当地人，证明该方法可行。 1．句意：一些面临完全灭绝的危险。此处修饰动词gone，需用副词形式；complete“完全的”的副词形式是completely。 2．句意：这些龟卵面临着诸多来自自然和人类的威胁。challenge“挑战，威胁”，可数名词，many修饰可数名词的复数形式challenges。 3．句意：在哥斯达黎加，一个大的威胁是偷猎者——他们偷龟蛋是为了卖掉。they“它们”，指代eggs；此处用宾格代词作动词sell的宾语；they的宾格形式是them。 4．句意：金·威廉姆斯·吉伦是一个科学家。此处泛指一个科学家，需用不定冠词；scientist是以辅音音素开头的，故填a。 5．句意：她工作是为了保护哥斯达黎加的动物们。protect“保护”是动词；此处表示工作的目的是保护动物们，用不定式作目的状语，填to protect。 6．句意：她看了一些电视节目后，突然有了一些想法。watch“观看”是动词，介词After“在……之后”接动词时需变为动名词形式，作宾语，填watching。 7．句意：如果通过使用一个装有GPS跟踪器的假海龟蛋来跟踪偷猎者，会怎么样呢？“使用一个装有GPS跟踪器的假海龟蛋”是“跟踪偷猎者”的方法/手段；介词by“通过”，by doing sth.“通过做某事”，符合语境。 8．句意：结果显示大多数蛋被卖给了当地人。研究结果是过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时；主语eggs(蛋)和动词sell(卖)之间是动宾关系，需用被动语态；此处用一般过去时的被动语态were sold。 9．句意：科学家们对假蛋追踪实验的结果十分振奋。excite“使兴奋”，是动词；修饰人scientists用-ed结尾的形容词excited(兴奋的)；exciting(令人兴奋的)用来形容事物。 10．句意：科学家们相信，类似的办法也能在其他地方起到作用。此处位于动词believe后，引导宾语从句，从句句意完整不缺成分，用that。 Passage 2（2026·黑龙江省绥化市模拟考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Each year, billions of pounds of garbage end up in the oceans. Sometimes people throw away water 1 (bottle) or other plastic. They do not recycle their garbage. People may not know that wind and rain can 2 (move) garbage from land to sea. Plastic takes a very long time to break down. It can remain in the oceans for 3 (hundred) of years. Plastic pieces are very 4 (danger) to sea animals. One group, Washed Ashore, came up with a new idea 5 (tell) people about the problems in the oceans. First, they take the garbage from a beach. Then, they clean and sort it. 6 (final), they work with the plastic pieces to make huge works of art. The artwork is mostly of sea creatures (生物). Washed Ashore has 7 (create) more than seventy of these works of art. Some of 8 (they) are now traveling in a show all over the world. Each piece shows the effects of trash. In one show, people learn how plastic fools fish and other sea animals. They think the plastic 9 (be) food, eat it, and get very sick or even die. This would not happen if people 10 (use) less plastic and did not litter. The plastic would not end up in the ocean. 【答案】1．bottles 2．move 3．hundreds 4．dangerous 5．to tell 6．Finally 7．created 8．them 9．is 10．used 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了塑料垃圾进入海洋的危害，以及组织“Washed Ashore”通过创作艺术品来警示人们减少塑料使用、保护海洋生物。 1．句意：有时人们会扔掉水瓶或其他塑料制品。“water”为名词，此处泛指水瓶，用复数形式表示类别。故填bottles。 2．句意：人们可能不知道风和雨可以将垃圾从陆地转移到海洋。情态动词“can”后接动词原形。故填move。 3．句意：它可以在海洋中存留数百年。固定搭配“hundreds of”意为“数百”，表示大约的数量。故填hundreds。 4．句意：塑料碎片对海洋动物非常危险。“be dangerous to”为固定搭配，意为“对……危险”，“danger”的形容词形式为“dangerous”。 5．句意：一个名为“Washed Ashore”的组织想出了一个新主意来告诉人们海洋中的问题。不定式作目的状语，“tell”变为“to tell”。 6．句意：最后，他们用塑料碎片制作巨大的艺术品。副词修饰整个句子，“final”的副词形式为“finally”，位于句首首字母大写。 7．句意：“Washed Ashore”已经创作了七十多件这样的艺术品。现在完成时“has”后接过去分词，“create”的过去分词为“created”。 8．句意：其中一些正在世界各地的展览中巡展。介词“of”后接人称代词宾格，“they”的宾格为“them”。 9．句意：它们以为塑料是食物……。“plastic”为不可数名词，描述一般事实，用一般现在时“is”。 10．句意：如果人们使用更少的塑料并且不乱扔垃圾，这种情况就不会发生。与“did not litter”并列，条件状语从句用一般过去时，“use”的过去式为“used”。 Passage 3（2026·河南省平顶山市模拟考） A new report from the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) says that the sizes of animal populations around the world have dropped by 1 average of 73% since 1970. The WWF report says humans are the main reason why animal populations are dropping. The biggest problem 2 that humans are destroying the places where wild animals live. The report says that 40% of the land on Earth is used 3 growing food by humans. Climate change, pollution, and over-hunting are also major problems. The WWF says strong steps are needed 4 protect the planet’s animals; humans will need to make big changes in the ways they eat, farm, and create energy. The group also says 5 is important to protect 30% of the world’s land, oceans, and rivers by 2030. Leaders from around the world often meet at the United Nations meetings to discuss how to protect the world’s animals. 【答案】1．an 2．is 3．for 4．to 5．it 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍世界自然基金会（WWF）发布的一份新报告，指出自1970年以来全球动物种群数量大幅下降，并分析了原因及保护对策。   1．句意：世界自然基金会（WWF）的一份新报告称，自1970年以来，全球动物种群规模平均下降了73%。依据原文“dropped by...average of 73%”，average是以元音音素开头的单数可数名词，其前用不定冠词an表示“一个平均值”。 2．句意：最大的问题是人类正在破坏野生动物居住的地方。依据原文“The biggest problem...that humans are destroying...”，此处引导表语从句，主语为The biggest problem，系动词用is。 3．句意：报告称，地球上40%的土地被人类用于种植食物。依据原文“is used...growing food”，be used for doing sth.意为“被用来做某事”，故填介词for。 4．句意：世界自然基金会表示，需要采取强有力的措施来保护地球上的动物。依据原文“steps are needed...protect”，此处动词不定式作目的状语，填入to构成to protect。 5．句意：该组织还表示，到2030年保护世界上30%的土地、海洋和河流是很重要的。依据原文“says...is important to protect...”，此处填入it作形式主语，真正的主语是其后的动词不定式短语。 Passage 4（2026·江苏省南京市模拟考） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Garbage sorting has become a common practice in Nanjing since it 1 (introduce) in 2020. The government has taken many measures to promote garbage sorting, including putting up posters, holding lectures and providing free garbage bags. At first, many people found it difficult 2 (sort) their garbage correctly. They were not sure which bin different kinds of waste should go into. To help them, community workers and volunteers stood by the garbage bins every day to give people 3 (guide). They explained the rules patiently and showed people how to sort their waste properly. Now, most people in Nanjing have developed the habit of garbage sorting. They know that kitchen waste should go into the green bin, recyclables into the blue bin, harmful waste into the red bin and other waste into the gray bin. Some communities have even introduced smart garbage bins 4 can automatically sort the waste and give people points for correct sorting. Garbage sorting has brought many 5 (benefit) to Nanjing. It has reduced the amount of waste that goes to landfills, saved a lot of resources and improved the environment. The city is now much cleaner and 6 (beautiful) than before. However, there is still room for improvement. Some people still do not sort their garbage correctly, and some even throw rubbish everywhere. We need to continue to promote garbage sorting and make it 7 important part of people’s daily lives. As middle school students, we should take the lead in garbage sorting. We should learn more about garbage sorting and teach our family and friends 8 to do it correctly. We can also organize activities at school to raise people’s 9 (aware) of environmental protection. Small actions can make a big difference. If everyone sorts their garbage correctly, we can make Nanjing a 10 (green) and more beautiful city to live in. 【答案】1．was introduced 2．to sort 3．guidance 4．that/which 5．benefits 6．more beautiful 7．an 8．how 9．awareness 10．greener 【导语】本文介绍南京自2020年推行垃圾分类的发展历程，从初期民众分类困难到如今养成习惯，阐述垃圾分类带来的环境益处，同时点明现存不足并号召中学生带头践行垃圾分类。 1．句意：垃圾分类自2020年被推行后，在南京已经成为普遍做法。it指代垃圾分类，和introduce是被动关系，in2020为过去时间，用一般过去时被动语态was introduced。 2．句意：起初很多人发现正确分类垃圾很难。“find it+adj.+to do sth.”固定句型，it作形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语，用to sort。 3．句意：社区工作人员和志愿者每天守在垃圾桶旁给人们提供指导。give后需名词作宾语，guide动词变名词guidance（指导，不可数），故填guidance。 4．句意：一些社区甚至引进智能垃圾桶，它们能自动分类垃圾，人们分类正确还能获得积分。定语从句先行词为smart garbage bins（物），关系代词在从句中作主语，用that/which。 5．句意：垃圾分类给南京带来诸多好处。many后接可数名词复数，benefit复数形式为benefits。 6．句意：这座城市如今比以前干净漂亮得多。than提示用形容词比较级，beautiful的比较级为more beautiful。 7．句意：我们需要继续推广垃圾分类，让它成为人们日常生活重要的一部分。important以元音音素开头，“an important part”表示重要的一部分，用an。 8．句意：我们应当学习垃圾分类知识，教会家人和朋友如何正确分类。“teach sb. how to do sth.”固定搭配，表示教某人如何做某事，用how。 9．句意：我们也可以在校组织活动，提升人们的环保意识。名词所有格people’s后接名词，aware的名词形式是awareness。 10．句意：如果人人正确分类垃圾，我们能让南京变成一座更环保、更宜居的美丽城市。后文more beautiful为比较级，and连接并列比较级，green的比较级为greener。 Passage 5（2026·河北省廊坊市模拟考） The ocean covers about 70% of the Earth’s surface. It is home to 1 (million) of sea animals and plants. However, the ocean is in 2 (seriously) danger now because of human activities. One of the biggest problems is plastic pollution. Every year, more 3 8 million tons of plastic go into the ocean. This plastic is 4 (harm) to sea animals. They may eat it or get trapped (被困) in it. Many sea animals die 5 this reason. Another problem is overfishing. People catch too many fish in a short time. Some kinds of fish are 6 (appear) from the ocean. This breaks the balance of the ocean’s ecosystem. 7 (protect) the ocean, we need to take action right now. We can start with small things. For example, we should use 8 (little) plastic and reuse bottles. We can also take part in beach 9 (clean) activities. Schools can also play 10 important role. Teachers can organize educational activities about ocean protection. Students can learn 11 to sort (分类) waste properly. Every small action 12 (count). The government 13 (make) laws to stop overfishing and pollution. Scientists are working hard 14 (find) new ways to save the ocean. If we all work together, the ocean 15 (become) cleaner and safer for all living things. 【答案】1．millions 2．serious 3．than 4．harmful 5．for 6．disappearing 7．To protect 8．less 9．cleaning 10．an 11．how 12．counts 13．makes 14．to find 15．will become 【导语】本文介绍了海洋面临的两大问题——塑料污染和过度捕捞，并呼吁人们立即采取行动保护海洋。文章从个人、学校、政府和科学家等多个层面提出了建议，强调每一个小行动都很重要，只要大家共同努力，海洋就能变得更清洁、更安全。 1．句意：它是数百万海洋动植物的家园。“millions of”固定搭配，表示“数百万的”，修饰海洋动植物，符合语境。 2．句意：然而，由于人类活动，海洋现在正处于严重的危险之中。此处修饰名词danger，应该用形容词形式，seriously的形容词形式为serious。 3．句意：每年有超过800万吨塑料流入海洋。“more than”固定搭配，表示“超过”，修饰塑料的数量。 4．句意：这种塑料对海洋动物有害。“be harmful to”是固定搭配，表示“对……有害”，应该用harm的形容词形式harmful。 5．句意：许多海洋动物因此死亡。“for this reason”固定搭配，表示“由于这个原因”，呼应前文。 6．句意：有些种类的鱼正在从海洋中消失。由后文“breaks the balance of the ocean’s ecosystem”，可知是“正在消失”，用appear的反义词disappear“消失”，用现在进行时，结构为be+现在分词，disappear的现在分词为disappearing。 7．句意：为了保护海洋，我们需要立即采取行动。此处用动词不定式表示目的，句首首字母大写，应填To protect。 8．句意：例如，我们应该减少塑料使用并重复利用瓶子。此处与之前进行对比，应该用little的比较级less“更少的”。 9．句意：我们还可以参加海滩清洁活动。此处表示“海滩清洁活动”，是动名词作定语，应填clean的动名词cleaning。 10．句意：学校也可以发挥重要作用。“play an important role”固定搭配，important以元音音素开头，用an。 11．句意：学生可以学习如何正确分类垃圾。“learn how to...”表示“学习如何……”，是疑问词+动词不定式结构，用how。 12．句意：每一个小行动都很重要。主语Every small action是单数，时态是一般现在时，谓语动词应该使用第三人称单数形式counts。 13．句意：政府可以制定法律来制止过度捕捞和污染。主语The government是单数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词应该使用第三人称单数形式makes。 14．句意：科学家们正在努力寻找拯救海洋的新方法。“work hard to do sth”是固定搭配，此处用不定式表目的，应填to find。 15．句意：如果我们共同努力，海洋将会变得更加清洁和安全，造福所有生物。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将出现”，主句应该用一般将来时，结构为will+动词原形，应填will become。 Passage 6 How did we help to save our earth this week? Let me tell you. First, my family tried to save 1 (electric). We never left the lights on when leaving the rooms. We turned off the TV when nobody was watching 2 . And my mom only used hot water when it was necessary. Second, we started recycling this week. We tried to write on both sides of our paper, not just on one side. We also divided our rubbish into 3 (difference) bags for bottles, paper and food. Mom 4 (keep) the plastic shopping bags from the supermarket to use them again as rubbish bags. Third, my family started to save water. We took short showers instead of taking long baths. We washed the toilet 5 used water. Mom and dad used less water 6 (do) the washing. My sister and I didn’t leave the water running when we brushed our 7 (tooth). At last, mom and dad began to save gas. Mom used to drive us to school, 8 now my sister and I start riding our bikes to school. It’s hard work but good 9 (exercise)! This week dad and a few of the people in his company also started to go to work in one car and shared 10 cost. 【答案】1．electricity 2．it 3．different 4．kept 5．with 6．to do 7．teeth 8．but 9．exercise 10．the 【导语】本文以第一人称视角，从节电、回收、节水、节油四个方面，介绍了作者一家本周为保护环境、节约资源所做的具体行动。 1．句意：首先，我们全家努力节约用电。save后接名词作宾语，electric的名词形式为electricity，不可数名词。 2．句意：没人看电视的时候，我们会把电视关掉。此处需用it指代前文提到的the TV。 3．句意：我们还把垃圾分到不同的袋子里，分别装瓶子、纸张和食物残渣。bags为名词，需用形容词修饰，difference的形容词形式为different，形容词作定语。 4．句意：妈妈把超市的塑料购物袋留了下来，再次用作垃圾袋。全文叙述过去一周的事，用一般过去时，keep的过去式为kept。 5．句意：我们用用过的水冲厕所。此处表示用废水来冲厕所，需用介词with，表示“用某种工具/材料/物品”。 6．句意：爸爸妈妈用更少的水洗衣服。固定结构：use sth. to do sth.“用某物做某事”，此处需用动词不定式to do。 7．句意：我和姐姐刷牙时，也不会让水一直开着。brush one’s teeth“刷牙”，牙齿用tooth的复数形式teeth。 8．句意：妈妈过去常开车送我们上学，但现在我和姐姐开始骑自行车去学校了。前半句“过去开车送我们上学”，后半句“现在骑自行车”，前后为转折关系，表示转折需用but。 9．句意：这虽然很累，但却是很好的锻炼！形容词good修饰名词，exercise“锻炼”，不可数名词。 10．句意：这周爸爸和公司里的几个人也开始拼车上班，分摊费用。此处特指“拼车的费用”，需用定冠词the表示特指。 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $