Unit 1 Friendship 语法填空（热点题型专练）英语新教材沪教版七年级上册

**基本信息** 以“人与社会——百科知识”为话题，通过真实人物传记语篇系统训练语法填空，覆盖基础到拔高梯度，融合语言能力与文化意识培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |巩固基础·专项突破|8篇（含郎朗、袁隆平等人物传记）|单句语法填空，考查动词形式、代词、介词等基础点|从核心语法点（如非谓语动词、名词复数）到简单语境应用，构建“词法-句法”基础逻辑链| |培优拔高·挑战攻坚|6篇（含中考真题及模拟题）|语篇语法填空，涉及时态、连词、固定搭配等复杂点|从基础语法到语篇语境综合运用，通过历史事件、文化保护等主题提升语法迁移能力，强化思维品质|

Unit 1 Friendship 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与社会——百科知识） 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1（2024·广东省深圳市新华中学月考） 1．musicians 2．playing 3．himself 4．surprised 5．from 6．a 7．gave 8．twenties 9．because 10．to learn Passage 2（2025·广东省深圳市宝安中学集团期中考） 1．on 2．became 3．years 4．world’s 5．first 6．really 7．and 8．a 9．to have 10．more important Passage 3（2025·广东省深圳市百合外国语学校期中考） 1．death   2．At   3．won   4．really   5．illness   6．an   7．himself   8．and   9．children 10．replied Passage 4（2024·广东省深圳市石厦学校期中考） 1．greatest 2．intelligent 3．was born 4．third 5．as 6．Unluckily 7．However 8．the 9．including 10．that Passage 5（2025·广东省深圳市福田区期末考） 1．the 2．developing 3．but 4．years 5．first 6．greatly 7．In 8．has helped 9．highest 10．him Passage 6（2025·广东省深圳市实验中学单元考） 1．achievement/achievements 2．working 3．to get 4．met 5．but 6．intelligence 7．a 8．himself 9．of 10．really Passage 7 1．education 2．himself 3．found 4．free 5．success Passage 8 1．knowledge 2．them 3．in 4．countries 5．traditional 6．is discovered 7．will appear 8．carefully 9．to check 10．amazing 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1（2025·广东省深圳市中考） 1．has reached 2．to meet 3．herself 4．at 5．wrote 6．truly 7．has touched 8．her 9．importance 10．stronger Passage 2（2025·江苏省宿迁市中考） 1．a 2．found 3．deeper 4．swimmer 5．was saved 6．learn 7．fourth 8．successfully 9．from 10．and Passage 3 1．writing 2．harder 3．publishers 4．dreams 5．readers Passage 4（2025·辽宁省沈阳市模拟考） 1．their 2．personal 3．the 4．has brought 5．for 6．to guard 7．When 8．highest 9．closely 10．were laid Passage 5（2026·广东省深圳外国语模拟考） 1．is considered 2．us 3．beauty 4．The 5．about 6．how 7．deeply 8．has changed 9．To understand 10．valuable Passage 6 1．at 2．contributions 3．widely 4．A 5．themselves 6．was completed 7．eighties 8．highest 9．moving 10．themselves 1 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Friendship 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与社会——百科知识） 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1（2024·广东省深圳市新华中学月考） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lang Lang was born on June 14, 1982 in Shenyang, Liaoning Province. He is one of the most famous 1 (music) in the world. He is popular because of his intelligence and love for music. When Lang Lang was two and a half years old, he liked a famous cartoon, Tom and Jerry. One day, he watched Tom playing the piano on TV, and then he became interested in it. From then on, he enjoyed 2 (play) his father’s old piano. Soon he could play a short tune (曲子) by 3 (he). His father was really 4 (surprise) and began to let him take piano lessons. When he was three, Lang Lang learned the piano 5 Zhu Yafen, a famous music teacher. Two years later, he took part in 6 competition for the first time and won first prize. After that, he 7 (give) the first concert of his life. In his 8 (twenty), Mr. Obama invited him to play the piano at the White House. Lang Lang played the song My Motherland. When the concert was over, he said to the reporter, “I chose this song 9 I love China.” Now, lots of people love his beautiful music. He is really a born artist! We are all proud of him. More importantly, Lang Lang encourages millions of young people 10 (learn) classical music (古典音乐)! Passage 2（2025·广东省深圳市宝安中学集团期中考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jane Goodall, a world-famous scientist famous for her work with chimpanzees (黑猩猩), died at the age of 91. She passed away of natural causes in California, the US 1 1 October 2025. Goodall was a United Nations Messenger (使者) of Peace and the founder of the Jane Goodall Institute. Born in Britain, Goodall 2 (become) well-known in the 1960s for her research on chimpanzees in Tanzania. She spent more than 60 3 (year) studying these animals in the wild. She is considered the 4 (world) top expert on them. Her discoveries changed how people see animals and science. Goodall showed that chimpanzees use tools, have feelings, and live in groups with different roles. She was the 5 (one) to see chimpanzees making tools from grass to catch small insects. This discovery made scientists around the world 6 (real) surprised. Also, she found that chimpanzees can feel happiness and sadness, just like humans. Besides her research, Goodall was a strong supporter of environmental protection. She travelled around the world, giving speeches 7 encouraging young people to protect nature. “Every single person can make 8 difference,” she often said. She started Roots & Shoots, a program that helps young people work on environmental projects. Jane Goodall taught us 9 (have) a deeper respect for nature and to build a more hopeful world. Her message of care for our planet is now 10 (important) than ever. Her life and work continue to inspire people around the world. Passage 3（2025·广东省深圳市百合外国语学校期中考） Have you ever read the book A Brief History of Time? It was written by Stephen Hawking in 1988. Stephen Hawking was born on January 8th, 1942, exactly 300 years after the 1 (die) of Galileo in Oxford, England. 2 the age of eleven, Stephen went to Oxford University, his father’s old college. After three years, he 3 (win) a first-class honors degree in natural science. In October 1962, Stephen arrived at the University of Cambridge to do research. He 4 (real) enjoyed his time there. Unluckily, Stephen had a bad 5 (ill) shortly after his 21st birthday in 1963 and was given two years to live. Yet, he went on working hard to become 6 excellent scientist. Stephen didn’t live by 7 (he). He fell in love with Jane Wilde 8 they got married in 1965. Then they had three 9 (child). Hawking liked China very much. He had visited China several times. On November 24th, 2017, Hawking 10 (reply) to Wang Junkai on his Weibo. He said he was pleased to answer the excellent question from Mr. Wang Junkai. Passage 4（2024·广东省深圳市石厦学校期中考） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 Many of you should hear of the book Tiangong Kaiwu. It is one of the 1 (great) encyclopedias written in the 17th century. But how much do you know about its 2 (intelligence) writer, Song Yingxing? Song was a great scientist. He 3 (bear) in 1587 and had a happy childhood. He and his brother Song Yingsheng went to school together. Song won the 4 (three) place in the provincial Imperial Exam (省级科举考试). Later, they took the national Imperial Exam, but they both failed. Song worked 5 a teacher for many years. Meanwhile, he took part in the national Imperial Exam for another four times. 6 (lucky), he never got success. 7 , he learned about the technologies that were used in different fields on his repeated trips to take the exams. His wide knowledge made him finish writing Tiangong Kaiwu in 8 1630s. The book covers more than 130 technologies, 9 (include) many pictures to help with the understanding of the text. The book became popular soon after it came out. In Song’s final years, he wrote many articles and poems against (反对) the new king. The king was so angry 10 he burned all of Song’s works. But Tiangong Kaiwu had already spread to many other countries. Passage 5（2025·广东省深圳市福田区期末考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yuan Longping (1930-2021) was a world-famous Chinese agricultural scientist. People call him 1 “Father of Hybrid Rice.” He spent his whole life 2 (develop) new kinds of rice. In the early 1960s, Yuan began his research, 3 the key breakthrough did not come until 1964, when he discovered a special natural rice plant in Hainan. After many 4 (year) of hard work, in 1973, he and his team successfully developed the world’s 5 (one) hybrid rice. The yield (产量) increased 6 (great), from about 150 kg to over 500 kg per mu. Thanks to their work, China has been able to feed its large population. 7 addition, since the 1970s, his work 8 (help) to feed people in many other parts of the world. Farmers in a lot of countries now grow his hybrid rice. Yuan won many awards for his research, including one of China’s 9 (high) honors, the Medal of the Republic. Yuan passed away in 2021. People in China and around the world remember 10 (he) as a hero. His work and spirit continue to inspire us all. Passage 6（2025·广东省深圳市实验中学单元考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词 （有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式）。 China has many heroes in science. Nan Rendong is one of them who is well-known for his great 1 (achieve) in building the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST), the largest radio telescope (无线电望远镜) in the world. Nan Rendong spent over twenty years 2 (work) on this project. At first, he had to go to many far-away places across the country. Without good paths, he had to walk for hours 3 (get) to proper spots. When he 4 (meet) bad weather, like heavy rain and strong winds, he never complained. He faced lots of problems, 5 he never stopped trying. His efforts and determination led to his success. Nan was undoubtedly a man of great 6 (intelligent) and responsibility (责任心). He always thought about the project first. When there was 7 problem, he was always the first to come and help. He actually devoted 8 (he) to his career. Even after his death, people still remember him and are proud 9 him. His story tells us that if we keep trying, we will solve any problem. He is 10 (real) a role model of our time. Passage 7 Benjamin Franklin was a great man in American history. He was a writer, scientist, inventor and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. From a young age, Franklin's great love of learning set him apart from many others. As one of 17 children in a big family, Franklin had only two years of 1 (educate) before he had to start working. While working in his brother's print shop, Franklin taught 2 (he) by reading a lot. He often borrowed books from booksellers and stayed up very late in order to return them early the next day. Curious about the world around him, Franklin once became interested in studying storms. He followed the storms and did many tests. Then he 3 (find) out that storms moved from one place to another. His findings helped predict the weather. What's more, Franklin had a great love for science, so his countless inventions came as no surprise. Even in his late 70s, he invented a type of special glasses to help him see better. Franklin did not make money from any of his inventions but let people use them for 4 (free). His greatness goes further than that. As a lifelong learner, he saw learning as an exciting and endless journey, full of wonder and 5 (succeed). This is his greatest gift to the world. Passage 8 Online encyclopedias are like endless treasure boxes filled with 1 (know) on the Internet. Wherever you are, as long as you have a computer, tablet, or smartphone, you can open 2 (they) and explore a wide world of information. You can learn about the great leaders 3 history, the latest findings in science, the cultures of different 4 (country), and even the secrets of ancient civilizations. What makes online encyclopedias special is that they can be updated constantly. Unlike 5 (tradition) books, which need a long time to revise and publish new editions, information on online encyclopedias can change every day. For instance, when a new planet 6 (discover) in space or a popular movie is released, details about them 7 (appear) online soon. However, we must use online encyclopedias 8 (careful). Sometimes, people might write wrong information by accident, or some content may not be fully checked. So, if you use the information from online encyclopedias for homework or research, it’s important 9 (check) it with other trusted resources, like school books or government websites.​ All in all, online encyclopedias are 10 (amaze) tools. They help us learn quickly and satisfy our curiosity. With smart use, they will be our best friends on the learning journey. 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1（2025·广东省深圳市中考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 “Ninger, It is truly a matter of great regret that your mother has not been able to complete her responsibility in your education. Today, as your mother has firmly engaged in the anti-Manchurian and anti-Japanese struggle, the end of my life 1 (reach). I have no chance 2 (meet) each other again in this life. I cannot educate you with many words—your mother gave 3 (she) to the country. After my death, you must continue with the fight, grow strong, and comfort your mother in the underworld.” Zhao Yiman wrote this letter 4 the age of 41. She 5 (write) it when she was in prison in 1936. It is 6 (true) a regret that she had not been able to complete her duty as a mother. The letter shows her deep love for her son and her loyalty to the country. Zhao Yiman’s story 7 (touch) many people till now. We should remember 8 (she) and learn from her spirit of patriotism. We also need to understand the 9 (important) of protecting our country and make it 10 (strong) than before. Passage 2（2025·江苏省宿迁市中考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to Yuan Longping, we will think of him as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”. In fact, he is also good at reading, swimming and playing the violin. Yuan has a reading habit—reading aloud. In the first year of high school, there was 1 speech competition. Yuan took part in the competition. He chose a topic, wrote his speech and read it aloud in the morning. After that, he 2 (find) reading aloud was a good method. It could make his memory much better and he could have a 3 (deep) understanding of articles than before. Yuan is a good 4 (swim). When he was 8 years old, he and his family took a ship to Hunan. He fell from the ship. He 5 (save) by a boatman. This made him 6 (learn) to swim—he wanted to be able to save others just as the boatman had saved him. In a national swimming competition in Chengdu, Yuan finished 7 (four) in the race, while the top three entered China’s national swimming team 8 (successful). Yuan is also a good music lover. He learned to play the violin 9 a music teacher at college. He said, “Music is the warmth that has accompanied (陪伴) me throughout my life.” Yuan once said, “We should be good both in mind 10 body.” Not only did he finish great things, but he also had a unique soul (独特的灵魂). As middle school students, we should also find our own interests and life dreams like Yuan Longping. Passage 3 My favourite writer is J.K. Rowling. She was born in England in 1965 and developed a love for 1 (write) at a young age. The idea for Harry Potter came to her during a train journey. She worked 2 (hard) than ever to complete the first book. It was rejected by twelve 3 (publish) before finally being accepted. Now the series has sold over 500 million copies worldwide. Rowling’s success teaches us never to give up on our 4 (dream). Her books have brought joy to millions of 5 (read) and inspired a generation to love reading. Passage 4（2025·辽宁省沈阳市模拟考） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 On April 22, 2026, a special flight landed at Shenyang Taoxian International Airport. The aircraft was a Y-20B, China’s large military (军事的) transport plane. It carried 12 fallen heroes—the remains of Chinese People’s Volunteers (CPV) soldiers who gave 1 (they) lives in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea (1950-1953). Along with them came 146 pieces of 2 (person) belongings. This was 3 13th batch (一批) of CPV martyrs’ remains returned from South Korea. Since 2014, China 4 (bring) home 1, 023 fallen soldiers. For this mission (任务), the Y-20B was given a special call sign: “Glory Return 50”. The number “50” stands 5 the year 1950, when the CPV soldiers first crossed the Yalu River to fight. The call sign means: “Heroes, you went to war in 1950, now, you are coming home in glory (光荣).” As the Y-20B entered Chinese airspace, four J-20 fighter jets flew alongside 6 (guard) it. The five aircraft formed an arrow-shaped formation. The J-20s carried the call sign “Red Eagle” — a symbol of strength in today’s air force. 7 the Y-20B landed at the airport, it was welcomed with a water salute (敬礼). Two fire trucks sprayed (喷洒) water arches over the plane, the 8 (high) honor in aircraft industry. The welcoming ceremony was held at the airport. Soldiers in formal uniforms carried the coffins, each covered with the five-star red flag, and placed them in rows. An honor guard held guns, standing 9 (close) to protect the heroes’ spirits. More than 1,800 people attended the ceremony. After the ceremony, a motorcade of 70 police motorcycles guarded the soldiers’ remains to the CPV Martyrs’ Cemetery in Shenyang. In the following days, the 12 soldiers 10 (lay) to rest. Each year, in spring, when the flowers bloom in full, the fallen heroes come home. Their sacrifice and bravery will always be remembered. Passage 5（2026·广东省深圳外国语模拟考） Pearl S. Buck (1892–1973), also known as Sai Zhenzhu, was an American writer. Even today, she 1 (consider) one of the most important Westerners to write about China. Her writing shows 2 (we) that understanding between people is always possible. The Good Earth, Buck’s most popular novel, came out in 1931. In this book, Buck wrote not only about poverty but also about the 3 (beautiful) of daily life, the warmth of family, and the quiet courage of farmers. 4 society that she described was warm and full of life. Through this book, many people in the West learned 5 China and began to see Chinese farmers as honest, kind, and hardworking people. Buck’s importance lies in 6 she got to know different cultures. She grew up in China and spent many years living and working with local people. This helped her understand their lives 7 (deep). We can learn from Buck that meaningful cultural exchange starts with everyday experiences, not imagination. However, China 8 (change) greatly and become more connected to the world today. 9 (understand) modern China, reading Buck’s books alone is not enough. Yet it is still 10 (value) to see people through their shared feelings as Buck did. Passage 6 Fan Jinshi, known as the “Daughter of Dunhuang”, passed away in Dunhuang, Gansu on November 22nd, 2025 1 the age of 87. She devoted her whole life to the protection and research of the Mogao Grottoes, and her spirit will always inspire generations of people. Fan Jinshi made great 2 (contribute) to the protection of Dunhuang cultural relics and is 3 (wide) respected by people all over the country. Born in Shanghai in 1938, Fan studied archaeology at Peking University. She first came to Dunhuang in 1963, and since then she has tied her life closely with the ancient grottoes. At that time, the living conditions in Dunhuang were very hard. There was no fresh water, no comfortable house, and the wind and sand were blowing all year round. 4 young woman like her had to face all kinds of difficulties. But she never thought of giving up. She and her colleagues recorded the murals one by one, sorted out the documents, and studied the history of the grottoes by 5 (they). In the 1980s, Fan Jinshi first put forward the idea of “Digital Dunhuang”. She wanted to use digital technology to permanently preserve the murals and let more people see Dunhuang without going there. After decades of hard work, the Digital Dunhuang project 6 (complete) successfully. Now people can enjoy the beautiful murals online clearly. Even in her 7 (eighty), Fan Jinshi still went to work every day and guided young researchers. In 2019, she was awarded the Medal of the Republic—the 8 (high) honor in China. From Fan Jinshi, we can learn the spirit of perseverance and deep love for traditional culture. She always said that protecting Dunhuang is a lifelong career, and we should keep 9 (move) forward and never stop. Her story encourages more young people to devote 10 (they) to cultural heritage protection. 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Friendship 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与社会——百科知识） 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1（2024·广东省深圳市新华中学月考） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lang Lang was born on June 14, 1982 in Shenyang, Liaoning Province. He is one of the most famous 1 (music) in the world. He is popular because of his intelligence and love for music. When Lang Lang was two and a half years old, he liked a famous cartoon, Tom and Jerry. One day, he watched Tom playing the piano on TV, and then he became interested in it. From then on, he enjoyed 2 (play) his father’s old piano. Soon he could play a short tune (曲子) by 3 (he). His father was really 4 (surprise) and began to let him take piano lessons. When he was three, Lang Lang learned the piano 5 Zhu Yafen, a famous music teacher. Two years later, he took part in 6 competition for the first time and won first prize. After that, he 7 (give) the first concert of his life. In his 8 (twenty), Mr. Obama invited him to play the piano at the White House. Lang Lang played the song My Motherland. When the concert was over, he said to the reporter, “I chose this song 9 I love China.” Now, lots of people love his beautiful music. He is really a born artist! We are all proud of him. More importantly, Lang Lang encourages millions of young people 10 (learn) classical music (古典音乐)! 【答案】1．musicians 2．playing 3．himself 4．surprised 5．from 6．a 7．gave 8．twenties 9．because 10．to learn 【导语】本文主要介绍了朗朗的情况。 1．句意：他是世界上最著名的音乐家之一。根据“He is one of the most famous”可知，此处是one of the+最高级+复数名词“最……之一”，是固定结构，故填musicians。 2．句意：从那时起，他就喜欢弹他父亲的旧钢琴。enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”，是固定短语，故填playing。 3．句意：不久，他就能自己弹一支短曲子了。根据“Soon he could play a short tune (曲子) by”可知，此处是短语by oneself“独自地”，故填himself。 4．句意：他的父亲非常惊讶，开始让他上钢琴课。空处作表语，应用形容词，修饰人用ed形容词，故填surprised。 5．句意：三岁时，郎朗师从著名音乐老师朱亚芬学习钢琴。learn from“向……学习”，是固定短语，故填from。 6．句意：两年后，他第一次参加比赛并获得了一等奖。空处修饰单数名词“competition”，表示泛指用不定冠词，辅音音素开头的单词用a修饰，故填a。 7．句意：在那之后，他举办了有生以来的第一场音乐会。介绍过去的事情，动词用过去式，故填gave。 8．句意：20多岁时，奥巴马邀请他在白宫弹钢琴。此处是结构“in one’s+基数词的复数形式”，表示不确定年龄，故填twenties。 9．句意：我选择这首歌是因为我爱中国。空格前后是因果关系，后句是原因，应用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。 10．句意：更重要的是，郎朗鼓励数百万年轻人学习古典音乐！encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，是固定短语，故填to learn。 Passage 2（2025·广东省深圳市宝安中学集团期中考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jane Goodall, a world-famous scientist famous for her work with chimpanzees (黑猩猩), died at the age of 91. She passed away of natural causes in California, the US 1 1 October 2025. Goodall was a United Nations Messenger (使者) of Peace and the founder of the Jane Goodall Institute. Born in Britain, Goodall 2 (become) well-known in the 1960s for her research on chimpanzees in Tanzania. She spent more than 60 3 (year) studying these animals in the wild. She is considered the 4 (world) top expert on them. Her discoveries changed how people see animals and science. Goodall showed that chimpanzees use tools, have feelings, and live in groups with different roles. She was the 5 (one) to see chimpanzees making tools from grass to catch small insects. This discovery made scientists around the world 6 (real) surprised. Also, she found that chimpanzees can feel happiness and sadness, just like humans. Besides her research, Goodall was a strong supporter of environmental protection. She travelled around the world, giving speeches 7 encouraging young people to protect nature. “Every single person can make 8 difference,” she often said. She started Roots & Shoots, a program that helps young people work on environmental projects. Jane Goodall taught us 9 (have) a deeper respect for nature and to build a more hopeful world. Her message of care for our planet is now 10 (important) than ever. Her life and work continue to inspire people around the world. 【答案】1．on 2．became 3．years 4．world’s 5．first 6．really 7．and 8．a 9．to have 10．more important 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界著名的黑猩猩研究专家珍·古道尔的生平事迹、研究发现以及她在环境保护方面做出的巨大贡献。 1．句意：她于2025年10月1日在美国加利福尼亚州自然离世。“1 October 2025”为具体日期，前面需用介词on。 2．句意：古道尔出生于英国，20世纪60年代因在坦桑尼亚开展黑猩猩研究而闻名。时间状语in the 1960s为过去时间，谓语动词become需用过去式became。 3．句意：她花费六十多年在野外研究这类动物。基数词60后接复数可数名词，year的复数形式为years。 4．句意：她被公认为全球顶尖的黑猩猩研究专家。此处需用名词所有格修饰名词top expert，world的所有格形式为world’s“世界的”。 5．句意：她是第一个观察到黑猩猩用草制作工具捕捉小昆虫的人。定冠词the后接序数词，one对应的序数词为first，the first to do sth表示“第一个做某事的人”，固定搭配。 6．句意：这一发现让全世界科学家大为震惊。此处需用副词修饰形容词surprised，real的副词形式为really。 7．句意：她周游世界，发表演讲并鼓励年轻人保护自然。“giving speeches”和“encouraging young people”是两个并列的动名词短语，表示并列关系，应用连词and连接。 8．句意：她常说：“每一个人都能带来改变。” make a difference意为“产生影响，起作用”，固定短语。 9．句意：珍・古道尔教会我们要更加敬畏自然，建设充满希望的世界。teach sb. to do sth.表示“教某人做某事”，固定搭配，此处需用不定式to have。 10．句意：她关爱地球的理念如今比以往任何时候都更加重要。than是比较级的标志词，important的比较级为more important。 Passage 3（2025·广东省深圳市百合外国语学校期中考） Have you ever read the book A Brief History of Time? It was written by Stephen Hawking in 1988. Stephen Hawking was born on January 8th, 1942, exactly 300 years after the 1 (die) of Galileo in Oxford, England. 2 the age of eleven, Stephen went to Oxford University, his father’s old college. After three years, he 3 (win) a first-class honors degree in natural science. In October 1962, Stephen arrived at the University of Cambridge to do research. He 4 (real) enjoyed his time there. Unluckily, Stephen had a bad 5 (ill) shortly after his 21st birthday in 1963 and was given two years to live. Yet, he went on working hard to become 6 excellent scientist. Stephen didn’t live by 7 (he). He fell in love with Jane Wilde 8 they got married in 1965. Then they had three 9 (child). Hawking liked China very much. He had visited China several times. On November 24th, 2017, Hawking 10 (reply) to Wang Junkai on his Weibo. He said he was pleased to answer the excellent question from Mr. Wang Junkai. 【答案】1．death   2．At   3．won   4．really   5．illness   6．an   7．himself   8．and   9．children 10．replied 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，简要介绍了英国物理学家斯蒂芬·霍金的生平，包括其教育经历、疾病抗争、家庭生活以及对中国的喜爱，展现了他坚韧不拔的科学精神与人格魅力。 1．句意：斯蒂芬·霍金于1942年1月8日出生在英国牛津，恰好是伽利略去世300年后。根据“the…of Galileo”可知，“the+名词+of”表所属关系，此处需用die的名词形式death，故填death。 2．句意：11岁时，斯蒂芬进入了牛津大学——他父亲的母校。根据“the age of eleven”可知，此处为固定搭配“at the age of”，表示“在……岁时”，句首首字母大写，故填At。 3．句意：三年后，他获得了自然科学一级荣誉学位。根据“After three years”并结合前文“went”可知，这句话用一般过去时，此处用win的过去式won，故填won。 4．句意：他真的很享受在那里的时光。根据“enjoyed”可知，此处用副词really修饰动词enjoyed，故填really。 5．句意：不幸的是，1963年霍金21岁生日后不久患上了重病，医生说他只剩两年寿命。根据“a bad”可知，不定冠词a后接名词，此处需用ill的名词形式illness，故填illness。 6．句意：然而，他仍继续努力成为一名杰出的科学家。根据“excellent scientist”可知，这是单数可数名词，excellent以元音音素开头，此处用不定冠词an表泛指，故填an。 7．句意：霍金并非独自生活。根据“live by”可知，此处为固定搭配“live by oneself”，表示“独自生活”，主语是he，故填himself。 8．句意：他爱上了简·王尔德，并于1965年结婚。根据“He fell in love with Jane Wilde”和“they got married”的顺承关系可知，此处用连词and连接两个并列动作，故填and。 9．句意：后来他们有了三个孩子。根据“three”可知，此处需用child的复数形式children，故填children。 10．句意：2017年11月24日，霍金在微博上回复了王俊凯。根据“On November 24th, 2017”可知，这是过去的时间，这句话为一般过去时，此处用reply的过去式replied，故填replied。 Passage 4（2024·广东省深圳市石厦学校期中考） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 Many of you should hear of the book Tiangong Kaiwu. It is one of the 1 (great) encyclopedias written in the 17th century. But how much do you know about its 2 (intelligence) writer, Song Yingxing? Song was a great scientist. He 3 (bear) in 1587 and had a happy childhood. He and his brother Song Yingsheng went to school together. Song won the 4 (three) place in the provincial Imperial Exam (省级科举考试). Later, they took the national Imperial Exam, but they both failed. Song worked 5 a teacher for many years. Meanwhile, he took part in the national Imperial Exam for another four times. 6 (lucky), he never got success. 7 , he learned about the technologies that were used in different fields on his repeated trips to take the exams. His wide knowledge made him finish writing Tiangong Kaiwu in 8 1630s. The book covers more than 130 technologies, 9 (include) many pictures to help with the understanding of the text. The book became popular soon after it came out. In Song’s final years, he wrote many articles and poems against (反对) the new king. The king was so angry 10 he burned all of Song’s works. But Tiangong Kaiwu had already spread to many other countries. 【答案】1．greatest 2．intelligent 3．was born 4．third 5．as 6．Unluckily 7．However 8．the 9．including 10．that 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了明代科学家宋应星及其著作《天工开物》的相关信息。 1．句意：它是17世纪编写的最伟大的百科全书之一。此句为“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”“最……的……之一”结构。空处填形容词最高级。great“伟大的”，形容词，最高级为greatest。故填greatest。 2．句意：但你对它聪明的作者宋应星了解多少？空处修饰名词“writer”，需用形容词形式。 intelligence“才智”，名词，形容词为intelligent“聪明的”。故填intelligent。 3．句意：他出生于1587年，有一个快乐的童年。根据“in 1587”可知，此句时态为一般过去时。bear“生育”，动词，与主语“He”是逻辑上的动宾关系，用一般过去时态的被动语态，结构为was/were done。主语为“He”，be动词用was；bear的过去分词为born。故填was born。 4．句意：宋应星在省级科举考试中获得了第三名。“place”前需用序数词表示名次。three“三”，基数词，序数词为third“第三”。故填third。 5．句意：宋应星担任教师多年。根据“ a teacher”可知，此处指担任教师一职。work as“担任……，以……身份而工作”。故填as。 6．句意：不幸的是，他从未成功。空处修饰整个句子，需用副词形式。且根据“he never got success.”可知，参加四次科考，一次都没成功是不幸的。lucky“幸运的”，形容词，unluckily“不幸地”，副词，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Unluckily。 7．句意：然而，在他多次参加考试的旅途中，他了解了不同领域使用的技术。空处修饰句子，填副词。前后句为转折关系，虽然没有成功，但是了解了各种技术。需用表示转折关系的副词however“然而”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填However。 8．句意：他的广博知识使他在17世纪30年代完成了《天工开物》。“1630s”表示“17世纪30年代”，需加定冠词the。故填the。 9．句意：这本书涵盖了130多项技术，包括许多帮助理解文本的图片。空处填现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示附加说明。include“包括”，动词，现在分词为including。故填including。 10．句意：国王是如此的生气，以至于他烧毁了宋应星的所有作品。根据“The king was so angry”可知，国王生气的结果是烧了宋应星的作品，用so…that…引导结果状语从句。故填that。 Passage 5（2025·广东省深圳市福田区期末考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yuan Longping (1930-2021) was a world-famous Chinese agricultural scientist. People call him 1 “Father of Hybrid Rice.” He spent his whole life 2 (develop) new kinds of rice. In the early 1960s, Yuan began his research, 3 the key breakthrough did not come until 1964, when he discovered a special natural rice plant in Hainan. After many 4 (year) of hard work, in 1973, he and his team successfully developed the world’s 5 (one) hybrid rice. The yield (产量) increased 6 (great), from about 150 kg to over 500 kg per mu. Thanks to their work, China has been able to feed its large population. 7 addition, since the 1970s, his work 8 (help) to feed people in many other parts of the world. Farmers in a lot of countries now grow his hybrid rice. Yuan won many awards for his research, including one of China’s 9 (high) honors, the Medal of the Republic. Yuan passed away in 2021. People in China and around the world remember 10 (he) as a hero. His work and spirit continue to inspire us all. 【答案】1．the 2．developing 3．but 4．years 5．first 6．greatly 7．In 8．has helped 9．highest 10．him 【导语】本文介绍了袁隆平院士在杂交水稻领域的重大贡献及其全球影响。 1．句意：人们称他为“杂交水稻之父”。根据上下文，此处需填入定冠词the，表示特指“杂交水稻之父”这一称号。故填the。 2．句意：他一生致力于研发新型水稻。根据“spent his whole life”结构，后面需接动名词作宾语，表示持续进行的活动。故填developing。 3．句意：1939年袁隆平开始研究，但关键突破直到1964年才出现。根据前后句转折关系，需用连词but连接两个时间节点。故填but。 4．句意：经过多年努力后，1973年他成功研发杂交水稻。根据“many”和“of hard work”可知需用复数名词years表示时间跨度。故填years。 5．句意：他和团队成功研发出世界首个杂交水稻品种。根据“world’s”和序数词用法，需用first表示“首个”。故填first。 6．句意：产量从150公斤/亩大幅提升至500公斤/亩。根据“increased”和“from…to”结构，需用副词greatly修饰动词。故填greatly。 7．句意：此外，自1970年代起他的成果还帮助了其他国家。根据“China has been able…”和“since the 1970s”的递进关系，需用固定搭配in addition表示补充说明。故填In。 8．句意：他的工作帮助了全球多国人民。根据“since the 1970s”时间状语，需用现在完成时has helped表示持续影响。故填has helped。 9．句意：他获得过中国最高荣誉之一的共和国勋章。根据“one of China’s”和“honors”可知需用形容词最高级highest修饰名词。故填highest。 10．句意：中国和世界人民都将他铭记为英雄。根据“remember”动词搭配，需用宾格代词him作宾语。故填him。 Passage 6（2025·广东省深圳市实验中学单元考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词 （有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式）。 China has many heroes in science. Nan Rendong is one of them who is well-known for his great 1 (achieve) in building the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST), the largest radio telescope (无线电望远镜) in the world. Nan Rendong spent over twenty years 2 (work) on this project. At first, he had to go to many far-away places across the country. Without good paths, he had to walk for hours 3 (get) to proper spots. When he 4 (meet) bad weather, like heavy rain and strong winds, he never complained. He faced lots of problems, 5 he never stopped trying. His efforts and determination led to his success. Nan was undoubtedly a man of great 6 (intelligent) and responsibility (责任心). He always thought about the project first. When there was 7 problem, he was always the first to come and help. He actually devoted 8 (he) to his career. Even after his death, people still remember him and are proud 9 him. His story tells us that if we keep trying, we will solve any problem. He is 10 (real) a role model of our time. 【答案】1．achievement/achievements 2．working 3．to get 4．met 5．but 6．intelligence 7．a 8．himself 9．of 10．really 【导语】本文讲述了中国科学家南仁东的生平事迹。 1．句意：南仁东就是他们其中之一，他以在建造世界上最大的射电望远镜——500米口径球面射电望远镜（FAST）方面的伟大成就而闻名。根据“is well-known for his great...in building the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST)”以及所给单词可知，此处表示他的伟大成就。achievement“成就”，可用单数形式achievement，也可用复数形式achievements。故填achievement/achievements。 2．句意：南仁东在这个项目上花了二十多年的时间。spend time (in) doing sth“花费时间做某事”。故填working。 3．句意：没有好的垫子，他不得不走几个小时来到达合适的地方。根据“he had to walk for hours...to proper spots.”以及所给单词可知，应填get的动词不定式形式to get，做目的状语。故填to get。 4．句意：当他遇到大雨和强风等恶劣天气时，他从不抱怨。根据主句中的“complained”可知，从句时态也为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式met。故填met。 5．句意：他面临着很多问题，但他从未停止过努力。根据“He faced lots of problems”和“he never stopped trying”可知，两者之间是转折关系，用连词but“但是”连接。故填but。 6．句意：毫无疑问，南是一个非常有智慧和责任心的人。根据“a man of great...and responsibility (责任心).”以及所给单词可知，应填intelligent的名词形式intelligence“智力、智慧”，和后面的responsibility并列。故填intelligence。 7．句意：当有问题时，他总是第一个来帮忙的。根据“When there was...problem, he was always the first to come and help.”可知，应填一个不定冠词，泛指一个问题，problem以辅音音素开头，所以用a。故填a。 8．句意：他实际上全身心投入到了他的事业中。根据“He actually devoted...to his career.”以及所给单词可知，应填he的反身代词形式himself“他自己”，作宾语。devote oneself to“致力于、全身心投入”。故填himself。 9．句意：即使在他去世后，人们仍然记得他，并为他感到骄傲。be proud of“为……感到骄傲”。故填of。 10．句意：他真的是我们这个时代的榜样。根据“He is...a role model of our time.”以及所给单词可知，应填real的副词形式really“真正地”，作状语。故填really。 Passage 7 Benjamin Franklin was a great man in American history. He was a writer, scientist, inventor and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. From a young age, Franklin's great love of learning set him apart from many others. As one of 17 children in a big family, Franklin had only two years of 1 (educate) before he had to start working. While working in his brother's print shop, Franklin taught 2 (he) by reading a lot. He often borrowed books from booksellers and stayed up very late in order to return them early the next day. Curious about the world around him, Franklin once became interested in studying storms. He followed the storms and did many tests. Then he 3 (find) out that storms moved from one place to another. His findings helped predict the weather. What's more, Franklin had a great love for science, so his countless inventions came as no surprise. Even in his late 70s, he invented a type of special glasses to help him see better. Franklin did not make money from any of his inventions but let people use them for 4 (free). His greatness goes further than that. As a lifelong learner, he saw learning as an exciting and endless journey, full of wonder and 5 (succeed). This is his greatest gift to the world. 【答案】1．education 2．himself 3．found 4．free 5．success 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了美国历史上杰出人物本杰明·富兰克林的成长经历、科学探索和发明创造，以及他终身学习的精神。 1．句意：作为大家庭中17个孩子之一，富兰克林在不得不开始工作之前只接受了两年的教育。该处需名词作介词“of”的宾语，括号内所给动词“educate”需变为名词，故填education。 2．句意：在哥哥的印刷店工作时，富兰克林通过大量阅读自学。该处需反身代词作动词“taught”的宾语，表示“自学”，括号内所给代词“he”需变为反身代词，故填himself。 3．句意：然后他发现风暴从一个地方移动到另一个地方。该处需谓语动词描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，括号内所给动词“find”需变为过去式，故填found。 4．句意：富兰克林没有从任何发明中赚钱，而是让人们免费使用它们。该处需构成搭配“for free”表示“免费”，括号内所给词“free”不需变化，故填free。 5．句意：他把学习看作一段激动人心、永无止境的旅程，充满奇迹和成功。该处需名词作介词“of”的宾语，与“wonder”并列，括号内所给动词“succeed”需变为名词，故填success。 Passage 8 Online encyclopedias are like endless treasure boxes filled with 1 (know) on the Internet. Wherever you are, as long as you have a computer, tablet, or smartphone, you can open 2 (they) and explore a wide world of information. You can learn about the great leaders 3 history, the latest findings in science, the cultures of different 4 (country), and even the secrets of ancient civilizations. What makes online encyclopedias special is that they can be updated constantly. Unlike 5 (tradition) books, which need a long time to revise and publish new editions, information on online encyclopedias can change every day. For instance, when a new planet 6 (discover) in space or a popular movie is released, details about them 7 (appear) online soon. However, we must use online encyclopedias 8 (careful). Sometimes, people might write wrong information by accident, or some content may not be fully checked. So, if you use the information from online encyclopedias for homework or research, it’s important 9 (check) it with other trusted resources, like school books or government websites.​ All in all, online encyclopedias are 10 (amaze) tools. They help us learn quickly and satisfy our curiosity. With smart use, they will be our best friends on the learning journey. 【答案】1．knowledge 2．them 3．in 4．countries 5．traditional 6．is discovered 7．will appear 8．carefully 9．to check 10．amazing 【导语】本文介绍了在线百科全书的特点和优势，强调了它们能快速更新信息，但同时提醒用户在使用时需谨慎核实内容的准确性。 1．句意：在线百科全书就像互联网上无尽的装满知识的宝盒。根据“filled with”可知，with是介词，后应接名词；know“知道”，其名词为knowledge“知识”，不可数。故填knowledge。 2．句意：无论你在哪里，只要你有一台电脑、平板电脑或智能手机，你就可以打开它们，探索广阔的信息世界。空前的open是动词，后接人称代词的宾格，they的宾格为them。故填them。 3．句意：你可以了解历史上的伟大领袖，科学上的最新发现，不同国家的文化，甚至是古代文明的秘密。此处指历史上的伟大领袖，in history表示“历史上”。故填in。 4．句意：你可以了解历史上的伟大领袖，科学上的最新发现，不同国家的文化，甚至是古代文明的秘密。根据空前的different可知，空处应是可数名词country的复数形式countries。故填countries。 5．句意：与需要很长时间修改和出版新版本的传统书籍不同，在线百科全书上的信息每天都在变化。修饰名词books应用形容词，tradition的形容词为traditional“传统的”。故填traditional。 6．句意：例如，当在太空中发现一颗新行星或一部受欢迎的电影上映时，有关它们的细节很快就会出现在网上。根据“ a new planet ... in space”可知，新行星是在太空中“被发现”，再根据“is released”可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语“a new planet”为单数，be动词用is。故填is discovered。 7．句意：例如，当在太空中发现一颗新行星或一部受欢迎的电影上映时，有关它们的细节很快就会出现在网上。根据“soon”可知，此处应用一般将来时，结构为will do。故填will appear。 8．句意：然而，我们必须谨慎地使用在线百科全书。修饰动词use，应用careful的副词carefully。故填carefully。 9．句意：所以，如果你使用在线百科全书的信息来做家庭作业或研究，重要的是要与其他可信的资源核对，比如学校书籍或政府网站。it is adj. to do sth.“做某事是……的”，空处应用不定式。故填to check。 10．句意：总而言之，在线百科全书是令人惊奇的工具。根据“online encyclopedias are ... tools.”可知，修饰物应用-ing结尾的形容词，amazing“令人惊奇的”符合语境。故填amazing。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1（2025·广东省深圳市中考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 “Ninger, It is truly a matter of great regret that your mother has not been able to complete her responsibility in your education. Today, as your mother has firmly engaged in the anti-Manchurian and anti-Japanese struggle, the end of my life 1 (reach). I have no chance 2 (meet) each other again in this life. I cannot educate you with many words—your mother gave 3 (she) to the country. After my death, you must continue with the fight, grow strong, and comfort your mother in the underworld.” Zhao Yiman wrote this letter 4 the age of 41. She 5 (write) it when she was in prison in 1936. It is 6 (true) a regret that she had not been able to complete her duty as a mother. The letter shows her deep love for her son and her loyalty to the country. Zhao Yiman’s story 7 (touch) many people till now. We should remember 8 (she) and learn from her spirit of patriotism. We also need to understand the 9 (important) of protecting our country and make it 10 (strong) than before. 【答案】1．has reached 2．to meet 3．herself 4．at 5．wrote 6．truly 7．has touched 8．her 9．importance 10．stronger 【导语】本文节选了赵一曼烈士在狱中写给儿子宁儿的家书，以及后人对这封家书的评价，讲述了赵一曼为国家献身、未能尽到母亲职责的遗憾，表达了她对儿子的爱与对国家的忠诚，同时呼吁后人铭记她的爱国精神。 1．句意：如今，因为你的母亲坚定地投身于抗日反满斗争，我的生命已走到尽头。此处表示站在写遗书的时间点，生命尽头已经到来，对当时有影响，用现在完成时。 2．句意：我没有机会在今生再次相见。have no chance to do sth是固定搭配，意为“没有机会做某事”，空处填不定式。 3．句意：我无法用太多话语教导你——你的母亲把自己奉献给了国家。主语为your mother，宾语也是她自己，表示“把自己奉献给了国家”，需用反身代词。 4．句意：赵一曼在41岁时写下了这封信。at the age of是固定搭配，意为“在……岁时”。 5．句意：1936年，她在狱中写下了它。句中“in 1936”表明动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。 6．句意：她未能尽到母亲的职责，这真是一种遗憾。此处修饰整个句子，需用副词形式。 7．句意：到目前为止，赵一曼的故事感动了许多人。句中“till now.”表明动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时。 8．句意：我们应该铭记她，学习她的爱国精神。此处作动词remember的宾语，用宾格代词。 9．句意：我们也需要明白保护国家的重要性，让它比以前更强大。此处是“the+名词+of”的结构，表示“……的……”，空处用名词形式。 10．句意：我们也需要明白保护国家的重要性，让它比以前更强大。句中“than before.”表示比较，需用形容词比较级。 Passage 2（2025·江苏省宿迁市中考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to Yuan Longping, we will think of him as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”. In fact, he is also good at reading, swimming and playing the violin. Yuan has a reading habit—reading aloud. In the first year of high school, there was 1 speech competition. Yuan took part in the competition. He chose a topic, wrote his speech and read it aloud in the morning. After that, he 2 (find) reading aloud was a good method. It could make his memory much better and he could have a 3 (deep) understanding of articles than before. Yuan is a good 4 (swim). When he was 8 years old, he and his family took a ship to Hunan. He fell from the ship. He 5 (save) by a boatman. This made him 6 (learn) to swim—he wanted to be able to save others just as the boatman had saved him. In a national swimming competition in Chengdu, Yuan finished 7 (four) in the race, while the top three entered China’s national swimming team 8 (successful). Yuan is also a good music lover. He learned to play the violin 9 a music teacher at college. He said, “Music is the warmth that has accompanied (陪伴) me throughout my life.” Yuan once said, “We should be good both in mind 10 body.” Not only did he finish great things, but he also had a unique soul (独特的灵魂). As middle school students, we should also find our own interests and life dreams like Yuan Longping. 【答案】1．a 2．found 3．deeper 4．swimmer 5．was saved 6．learn 7．fourth 8．successfully 9．from 10．and 【导语】本文主要介绍了被视为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平还擅长阅读、游泳和拉小提琴。 1．句意：在高中的第一年，有一场演讲比赛。根据“there was...speech competition. ”可知，应填一个不定冠词，泛指一场演讲比赛，speech以辅音音素开头，所以用a。故填a。 2．句意：在那之后，他发现大声朗读是一种很好的方法。根据“After that, he...reading aloud was a good method.”以及所给单词可知，时态为一般过去时，陈述过去发生的事，谓语动词用过去式found。故填found。 3．句意：这可以使他的记忆力大大提高，他可以比以前更深入地理解文章。根据“have a...understanding of articles than before.”以及所给单词可知，应填deep的比较级形式deeper“更深的”，表示比以前更深入地理解文章。故填deeper。 4．句意：袁是一个不错的游泳者。根据“a good...”以及所给单词可知，此处表示一个不错的游泳者。swimmer“游泳者”，根据前面的“a”可知，用单数。故填swimmer。 5．句意：他被一个船夫救了。根据“He...by a boatman.”以及所给单词可知，时态为一般过去时，陈述过去发生的事，主语He和动词save之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用was，save的过去分词形式为saved。故填was saved。 6．句意：这让他学会了游泳——他想能够像船夫救他一样救别人。根据“made him...to swim”以及所给单词可知，应填动词learn的原形，作宾语补足语。make sb do sth“让某人做某事”。故填learn。 7．句意：在成都举行的全国游泳比赛中，袁获得了第四名，而前三名则成功进入了中国国家游泳队。根据“finished...in the race”以及所给单词可知，应填four的序数词形式fourth“第四”，表示在比赛中获得第四名。故填fourth。 8．句意：在成都举行的全国游泳比赛中，袁获得了第四名，而前三名则成功进入了中国国家游泳队。根据“entered China’s national swimming team...”以及所给单词可知，应填successful的副词形式successfully“成功地”，作状语，修饰动词entered。故填successfully。 9．句意：他在大学里向一位音乐老师那里学会了拉小提琴。learn to do sth from sb“向某人学习做某事”。故填from。 10．句意：我们应该身心都健康。根据“be good both in mind...body.”可知，应填连词and“和”，表示身心都健康。both...and...“……和……都”。故填and。 Passage 3 My favourite writer is J.K. Rowling. She was born in England in 1965 and developed a love for 1 (write) at a young age. The idea for Harry Potter came to her during a train journey. She worked 2 (hard) than ever to complete the first book. It was rejected by twelve 3 (publish) before finally being accepted. Now the series has sold over 500 million copies worldwide. Rowling’s success teaches us never to give up on our 4 (dream). Her books have brought joy to millions of 5 (read) and inspired a generation to love reading. 【答案】1．writing 2．harder 3．publishers 4．dreams 5．readers 【导语】本文介绍作家罗琳的成长经历、《哈利・波特》的创作历程，并讲述她的成功带给人们的启示。 1．句意：她1965年出生于英国，从小就对写作产生了浓厚的兴趣。空处需填名词作宾语。根据“developed a love for”可知，此处指对写作感兴趣。write对应的名词writing（写作）符合语境。 2．句意：她比以往更加努力地完成了第一本书。根据“than”可知，此处需填hard的比较级harder。 3．句意：它曾被十二个出版商拒绝，最终才被接受。根据“It was rejected by”可知，此处指被出版商拒绝。publish对应的名词publisher（出版商）符合语境。空前“twelve”提示此处需用名词复数形式。 4．句意：罗琳的成功告诉我们，永远不要放弃我们的梦想。此处指永远不要放弃我们的梦想。根据“our”可知，此处需填dream的复数形式。 5．句意：她的书籍为数以百万计的读者带来了欢乐，并激励了一代人热爱阅读。根据“have brought joy to millions of”可知，此处指为读者带来了快乐。read对应的名词reader（读者）符合语境。“millions of”提示此处需用reader的复数形式readers。 Passage 4（2025·辽宁省沈阳市模拟考） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 On April 22, 2026, a special flight landed at Shenyang Taoxian International Airport. The aircraft was a Y-20B, China’s large military (军事的) transport plane. It carried 12 fallen heroes—the remains of Chinese People’s Volunteers (CPV) soldiers who gave 1 (they) lives in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea (1950-1953). Along with them came 146 pieces of 2 (person) belongings. This was 3 13th batch (一批) of CPV martyrs’ remains returned from South Korea. Since 2014, China 4 (bring) home 1, 023 fallen soldiers. For this mission (任务), the Y-20B was given a special call sign: “Glory Return 50”. The number “50” stands 5 the year 1950, when the CPV soldiers first crossed the Yalu River to fight. The call sign means: “Heroes, you went to war in 1950, now, you are coming home in glory (光荣).” As the Y-20B entered Chinese airspace, four J-20 fighter jets flew alongside 6 (guard) it. The five aircraft formed an arrow-shaped formation. The J-20s carried the call sign “Red Eagle” — a symbol of strength in today’s air force. 7 the Y-20B landed at the airport, it was welcomed with a water salute (敬礼). Two fire trucks sprayed (喷洒) water arches over the plane, the 8 (high) honor in aircraft industry. The welcoming ceremony was held at the airport. Soldiers in formal uniforms carried the coffins, each covered with the five-star red flag, and placed them in rows. An honor guard held guns, standing 9 (close) to protect the heroes’ spirits. More than 1,800 people attended the ceremony. After the ceremony, a motorcade of 70 police motorcycles guarded the soldiers’ remains to the CPV Martyrs’ Cemetery in Shenyang. In the following days, the 12 soldiers 10 (lay) to rest. Each year, in spring, when the flowers bloom in full, the fallen heroes come home. Their sacrifice and bravery will always be remembered. 【答案】1．their 2．personal 3．the 4．has brought 5．for 6．to guard 7．When 8．highest 9．closely 10．were laid 【导语】本文记述了2026年4月22日，中国用Y-20B运输机接回第13批在抗美援朝战争中牺牲的志愿军烈士遗骸及其146件个人物品，归葬沈阳，并详细描写了接机仪式、空中护航、水门礼遇等庄严肃穆的迎接场景，表达对英烈的崇高敬意与永恒缅怀。 1．句意：它搭载了12位牺牲的英雄——即在抗美援朝战争（1950–1953）中献出他们生命的中国人民志愿军战士的遗骸。空格后是名词“lives”，前面应使用形容词性物主代词修饰；they是人称代词主格，此处需their“他们的”。 2．句意：随同遗骸一同归国的还有146件个人物品。“belongings”是名词，“personal belongings”是固定搭配，翻译为“私人物品、个人财物”；题干给出的person是名词，翻译为“个人”，不能直接修饰名词；其形容词personal“个人的”，符合语法结构。 3．句意：这是从韩国接回的第13批中国人民志愿军烈士遗骸。“13th”是序数词，前面必须加定冠词“the”，表示特指“第十三批”。 4．句意：自2014年以来，中国已接回1023名牺牲将士。时间状语“Since 2014”，表明句子需用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”；主语“China”为第三人称单数，题干给出动词bring“带来”。故填has brought。 5．句意：数字“50”代表1950年——志愿军战士首次跨过鸭绿江参战的年份。“stand for”是固定搭配，翻译为“代表、象征”。 6．句意：当Y-20B进入中国领空时，四架J-20战斗机伴飞以护卫它。此处“flew alongside”是主句谓语，题干给出的动词guard翻译为“守卫”，此处需用不定式作目的状语表示“为了护卫它”。 7．句意：当Y-20B降落在机场时，它受到了水门礼遇。空格后是完整句子“it was welcomed...”，空格处需填入词语引导时间状语从句；应用When表示“当什么的时候”放在语境中最为自然，放在句首首字母大写。 8．句意：两辆消防车向飞机喷洒水柱拱门——这是航空工业中最高规格的礼遇。题干给出的high是形容词，表示“高的”，前有the修饰；最高级结构为“the+最高级”，此处“in aircraft industry”表明在行业内比较，“highest honor”翻译为“最高荣誉/规格”。 9．句意：仪仗队持枪紧密地站立，以守护英烈之灵。“standing”是动词现在分词形式，后面应用副词修饰动作方式；close是形容词指物理距离近，而其副词closely强调“紧密地、严密地”，用于抽象或仪式性语境更贴切。 10．句意：在随后几天里，这12名战士被安葬。“the 12 soldiers”是动作承受者，应用被动语态即“be动词+过去分词”；“lay to rest”是固定短语表示“安葬、下葬”，其中lay“放置”是动词原形，其过去分词为“laid”，事情发生在过去，且主语是复数形式，故应填were laid。 Passage 5（2026·广东省深圳外国语模拟考） Pearl S. Buck (1892–1973), also known as Sai Zhenzhu, was an American writer. Even today, she 1 (consider) one of the most important Westerners to write about China. Her writing shows 2 (we) that understanding between people is always possible. The Good Earth, Buck’s most popular novel, came out in 1931. In this book, Buck wrote not only about poverty but also about the 3 (beautiful) of daily life, the warmth of family, and the quiet courage of farmers. 4 society that she described was warm and full of life. Through this book, many people in the West learned 5 China and began to see Chinese farmers as honest, kind, and hardworking people. Buck’s importance lies in 6 she got to know different cultures. She grew up in China and spent many years living and working with local people. This helped her understand their lives 7 (deep). We can learn from Buck that meaningful cultural exchange starts with everyday experiences, not imagination. However, China 8 (change) greatly and become more connected to the world today. 9 (understand) modern China, reading Buck’s books alone is not enough. Yet it is still 10 (value) to see people through their shared feelings as Buck did. 【答案】1．is considered 2．us 3．beauty 4．The 5．about 6．how 7．deeply 8．has changed 9．To understand 10．valuable 【导语】本文介绍了美国作家赛珍珠（Pearl S. Buck）及其代表作《大地》。文章阐述了她作为中西方文化交流桥梁的重要性，指出她通过深入中国日常生活，向西方世界展示了真实、温暖的中国农民形象。尽管当今中国已发生巨大变化，但赛珍珠作品中体现的基于共同情感的理解依然具有宝贵的价值。 1．句意：即使在今天，她仍被认为是撰写关于中国题材的最重要的西方人之一。主语she与动词consider之间是被动关系，且时间状语Even today暗示这是一种持续至今的状态或普遍认知，应用一般现在时的被动语态“is + 过去分词”。consider的过去分词为considered，故填is considered。 2．句意：她的作品向我们表明，人与人之间的理解总是可能的。动词shows后接双宾语，此处作间接宾语，需用代词的宾格形式。“we”的宾格为us。 3．句意：在这本书中，巴克不仅写了贫困，还写了日常生活的美、家庭的温暖以及农民们安静的勇气。定冠词the后需接名词作宾语。“beautiful”的名词形式为beauty，意为“美”。 4．句意：她描述的社会是温暖且充满生机的。此处特指巴克在书中描述的那个社会，需用定冠词The修饰，位于句首，首字母大写。 5．句意：通过这本书，许多西方人了解了中国，并开始将中国农民视为诚实、善良和勤劳的人。“learn about sth.”是固定搭配，意为“了解某事”。 6．句意：巴克的重要性在于她是如何了解不同文化的。介词in后接宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”，故填连接副词how。 7．句意：这帮助她深刻地理解了他们的生活。修饰动词understand，需用副词形式。“deep”的副词形式为deeply，意为“深刻地”。 8．句意：然而，如今中国已经发生了巨大的变化，并与世界更加紧密地联系在一起。根据时间状语today及语境（强调变化对现在的影响）可知，句子应用现在完成时。主语China是第三人称单数，助动词用has，change的过去分词为changed，故填has changed。 9．句意：要了解现代中国，仅阅读巴克的书籍是不够的。此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填To understand。 10．句意：然而，像巴克那样通过人们共同的情感去看待他人，仍然是有价值的。“It is + adj. + to do sth.”是固定句型，此处需用形容词作表语。“value”的形容词形式为valuable，意为“有价值的”。 Passage 6 Fan Jinshi, known as the “Daughter of Dunhuang”, passed away in Dunhuang, Gansu on November 22nd, 2025 1 the age of 87. She devoted her whole life to the protection and research of the Mogao Grottoes, and her spirit will always inspire generations of people. Fan Jinshi made great 2 (contribute) to the protection of Dunhuang cultural relics and is 3 (wide) respected by people all over the country. Born in Shanghai in 1938, Fan studied archaeology at Peking University. She first came to Dunhuang in 1963, and since then she has tied her life closely with the ancient grottoes. At that time, the living conditions in Dunhuang were very hard. There was no fresh water, no comfortable house, and the wind and sand were blowing all year round. 4 young woman like her had to face all kinds of difficulties. But she never thought of giving up. She and her colleagues recorded the murals one by one, sorted out the documents, and studied the history of the grottoes by 5 (they). In the 1980s, Fan Jinshi first put forward the idea of “Digital Dunhuang”. She wanted to use digital technology to permanently preserve the murals and let more people see Dunhuang without going there. After decades of hard work, the Digital Dunhuang project 6 (complete) successfully. Now people can enjoy the beautiful murals online clearly. Even in her 7 (eighty), Fan Jinshi still went to work every day and guided young researchers. In 2019, she was awarded the Medal of the Republic—the 8 (high) honor in China. From Fan Jinshi, we can learn the spirit of perseverance and deep love for traditional culture. She always said that protecting Dunhuang is a lifelong career, and we should keep 9 (move) forward and never stop. Her story encourages more young people to devote 10 (they) to cultural heritage protection. 【答案】1．at 2．contributions 3．widely 4．A 5．themselves 6．was completed 7．eighties 8．highest 9．moving 10．themselves 【导语】本文讲述了被誉为“敦煌的女儿”的樊锦诗于2025年11月22日在甘肃敦煌逝世，享年87岁。她一生致力于莫高窟的保护与研究，提出了“数字敦煌”的构想，其坚持不懈、热爱传统文化的精神激励着一代又一代人。 1．句意：樊锦诗于2025年11月22日在甘肃敦煌去世，享年87岁。“at the age of...”为固定搭配，意为“在……岁时”，故填at。 2．句意：樊锦诗为敦煌文物的保护做出了巨大贡献。“make contributions to...”为固定搭配，意为“为……做出贡献”，且由“great”修饰，需用名词复数形式，故填contributions。 3．句意：她受到全国人民的广泛尊敬。此处修饰动词“respected”，应用副词形式，故填widely。 4．句意：像她这样的一位年轻女性不得不面对各种困难。此处泛指“一位年轻女性”，“young”以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词A，且位于句首，首字母大写。 5．句意：她和同事们逐一记录壁画、整理文献，并独自研究石窟的历史。“by oneself”意为“独自”，主语为“She and her colleagues”（复数），故填themselves。 6．句意：经过几十年的努力，数字敦煌项目已成功完成。“project”与“complete”之间为被动关系，且此处描述已完成的事实，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was completed。 7．句意：即使在她八十多岁时，樊锦诗仍然每天去上班并指导年轻研究者。“in one’s + 基数词复数”表示“在某人……多岁时”，故填eighties。 8．句意：2019年，她被授予共和国勋章——中国的最高荣誉。由“the”和“in China”可知此处需用最高级，故填highest。 9．句意：我们应该不断前进，永不停歇。“keep doing sth.”为固定搭配，意为“持续做某事”，故填moving。 10．句意：她的故事鼓励更多年轻人投身于文化遗产保护。“devote oneself to...”为固定搭配，意为“投身于……”，主语为“more young people”（复数），故填themselves。 1 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $