Unit 6 Plan for yourself.语法精讲精练2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了人教版八上Unit 6“一般将来时”语法内容，涵盖用法、时间标志词、be going to/will结构、表达法辨析、there be将来时等核心范畴，搭建了从基础概念到句式变换再到综合应用的递进式学习支架。 清单以六大板块分层呈现知识体系，通过对比表辨析be going to与will的选用差异，用典型例题突破“主将从现”等难点，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。配套单项选择、句型转换等分层练习及答案解析，便于学生自主检测，教师可据此设计针对性教学活动，提升课堂实效。

人教版八上 Unit 6 Plan for yourself.语法精讲精练 —— 一般将来时 —— 使用说明 一般将来时是初中英语八大时态中的重点时态，也是中考单项选择、动词填空和句型转换的高频考点。本讲义围绕「用法—be going to 结构全句式—will/shall 结构—多种将来表达法辨析—时间标志词—there be 将来时」六大板块展开系统精讲，重点突破 be going to 与 will 的选用区别、位移动词现在进行时表将来、主将从现规则以及一般将来时的否定、疑问句式变换，配套结构总表、典型例题与分层演练。练习题涵盖单项选择、动词填空、句型转换、完成句子四大题型，答案与解析统一附于文末，便于自学与检测。 第一讲 知识精讲 一、用法 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。 We will have a meeting tomorrow. 我们明天要开会。（将来某时的动作） I will write to you every week. 我会每周给你写信。（将来反复发生的动作） She will be sixteen next year. 她明年就十六岁了。（将来的状态） 二、时间标志词 一般将来时常与表示将来时间的词语连用，常见标志词如下： 类别 常见标志词 tomorrow 系列 tomorrow（明天）, tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening, the day after tomorrow（后天） next 系列 next week/month/year/Sunday/weekend（下个……） 将来短语 in the future（将来）, soon（很快）, later（稍后）, in+时间段（……之后） this 系列 this evening/afternoon/Saturday（今天晚上/下午/周六，尚未发生时） 固定结构 from now on（从现在起）, in 2030（在2030年） He will come back in three days. 他三天后回来。（in + 时间段表将来） 三、be going to 结构 be going to 结构表示计划、打算做某事，或根据现有迹象预测即将发生的事。be 动词随主语人称变化（I 用 am，he/she/it 用 is，you/we/they 用 are），后接动词原形。 （一）肯定句 结构：主语 + am/is/are going to + 动词原形 + 其他。 I am going to visit China. 我打算游览中国。 They are going to hold a sports meeting. 他们打算举办一场运动会。 （二）否定句 结构：主语 + am/is/are + not + going to + 动词原形 + 其他。 I am not going to visit China. 我不打算游览中国。 She isn't going to watch TV tonight. 她今晚不打算看电视。 （三）一般疑问句及回答 结构：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他？ — Are you going to visit China? — Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. ——你打算游览中国吗？——是的。/ 不，我不打算。 — Is he going to buy a new bike? — Yes, he is. / No, he isn't. ——他打算买新自行车吗？——是的。/ 不。 （四）特殊疑问句 结构：特殊疑问词（组）+ am/is/are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他？ What are you going to do tomorrow? 你明天打算做什么？ Where is she going to spend her holiday? 她打算去哪里度假？ How are they going to get there? 他们打算怎么去那里？ （五）be going to + 地点：go 的省略 如果表示计划到某地去，由于谓语动词 go 与 going 重复，一般不再说 be going to go to + 地点，而直接说「be going to + 地点」。 We are going to China for a visit. 我们计划去中国游览。（不说 *We are going to go to China） I'm going to the library after class. 我课后要去图书馆。 四、will / shall 结构 will 可用于各种人称，后接动词原形，意为「将；会；愿意」；shall 主要用于第一人称（I/we），表示将来或提出建议、征求意见。 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + will/shall + 动词原形 I will/shall call you later. 我稍后给你打电话。 否定句 主语 + will not (won't) / shall not (shan't) + 动词原形 He won't come tomorrow. 他明天不来。 一般疑问句 Will/Shall + 主语 + 动词原形？ Will you be free this Sunday? 你周日有空吗？ 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + will + 主语 + 动词原形？ When will the train arrive? 火车什么时候到？ Shall we go to the park this weekend? 我们这个周末去公园好吗？（Shall we...? 表建议） I shall/will tell you the result as soon as possible. 我会尽快告诉你结果。 五、be going to 与 will 的区别 区别点 be going to will 计划性 事先经过考虑、计划好的打算 临时做出的决定 预测依据 根据现有迹象客观预测即将发生 主观认为、相信将来会发生 典型语境 Look at the clouds. It's going to rain. 看云，要下雨了。 —The phone is ringing. —I'll answer it. 我来接。 【易错警示】若句子中无明显「计划」或「迹象」依据，两者常可互换。但在含 if/when 引导的条件/时间状语从句的主句中，通常用 will，遵循「主将从现」。 六、一般将来时的其他表达法 （一）现在进行时表将来 go, come, leave, arrive, start, fly, move 等位移动词，可用现在进行时表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作。 We are leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我们明天动身去北京。 The train is arriving in five minutes. 火车五分钟后到达。 （二）一般现在时表将来 表示按时刻表、日程表既定发生的动作（如火车、飞机、电影、课程等），常用一般现在时表将来，动词有 come, go, leave, begin, start, open, close 等。 The plane takes off at 8 tomorrow morning. 飞机明早八点起飞。（航班时刻固定） The film begins at 7:30 this evening. 电影今晚七点半开始。 （三）be about to do：即将、马上 be about to do sth. 表示「即将、马上就要做某事」，时间很近，不与具体将来时间状语连用。 The meeting is about to begin. 会议马上就要开始了。 七、there be 句型的一般将来时 there be 句型的一般将来时有两种结构：there will be 和 there is/are going to be，意为「将有……」。 There will be a football match tomorrow. = There is going to be a football match tomorrow. 明天将有一场足球赛。 【易错警示】there will be 中 be 动词不能换成 have；there is/are going to be 中第二个 be 不能丢，且单复数由后面的名词决定。不能说 *There will have a meeting。 八、典型例题精讲 【例1】Look at the dark clouds! It ______ rain. A. will B. is going to C. shall D. would 【答案】B 【解析】由「看乌云」这一现有迹象客观预测即将下雨，用 be going to，故选 B。 【例2】—I'm sorry I forgot to post the letter. —Never mind. I ______ post it myself. A. am going to B. will C. shall be D. am to 【答案】B 【解析】说话时临时做出的决定用 will，故选 B。 【例3】There ______ a class meeting this Friday afternoon. A. will have B. is going to have C. will be D. is going to 【答案】C 【解析】there be 句型的将来时为 there will be 或 there is/are going to be，不能用 have，故选 C。 【例4】My uncle ______ to see us tomorrow. He told me on the phone just now. A. comes B. came C. is coming D. has come 【答案】C 【解析】位移动词 come 可用现在进行时表按计划即将发生的动作，故选 C。 【例5】If it ______ fine tomorrow, we ______ climbing. A. is; will go B. will be; go C. is; go D. will be; will go 【答案】A 【解析】if 引导条件状语从句遵循「主将从现」：从句用一般现在时 is，主句用一般将来时 will go，故选 A。 第二讲 综合演练 一、单项选择（每小题1分，共15分） 1. We ______ a test next week. A. have B. had C. will have D. have had 2. There ______ a talk on science in our school tomorrow. A. will have B. is going to have C. will be D. is going to 3. —______ you ______ your grandparents this Sunday? —Yes, we are. A. Will; visit B. Are; going to visit C. Do; visit D. Did; visit 4. Hurry up! The train ______ in ten minutes. A. leaves B. left C. has left D. leaving 5. I think it ______ cold later, so take a coat. A. is B. was C. is going to be D. being 6. —Ann is in hospital. —Oh, really? I didn't know. I ______ visit her. A. will B. am going to C. would D. was going to 7. My parents ______ buy me a new bike as my birthday present. A. are going to B. will be C. is going to D. going to 8. The students ______ an English party the day after tomorrow. A. have B. had C. are having D. are going to have 9. Look! The wind is blowing strongly. It ______ a storm. A. will be B. is going to be C. shall be D. would be 10. ______ we go for a walk after dinner? A. Will B. Shall C. Are D. Do 11. If he ______ free tomorrow, he ______ us with the work. A. will be; helps B. is; will help C. is; helps D. will be; will help 12. I ______ you as soon as I ______ in Shanghai. A. will call; arrive B. call; will arrive C. will call; will arrive D. call; arrive 13. —What ______ you ______ to be when you grow up? —A scientist. A. do; going B. are; going C. will; going D. are; go 14. The meeting ______ begin. Please take your seats. A. is about B. is about to C. will about D. about to 15. They ______ for London on business next Monday. A. leave B. left C. are leaving D. have left 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空（每小题1分，共10分） 1. There ______ (be) more trees in our school next year. 2. Look at those black clouds! It ______ (rain). 3. I ______ (help) you carry the heavy box if you need. 4. —______ we ______ (meet) at the school gate? —Good idea. 5. My sister ______ (fly) to America tomorrow morning. 6. What ______ you ______ (do) this weekend? 7. The train ______ (arrive) at 9:00 according to the timetable. 8. Don't worry. I ______ (be) with you. 9. They ______ (not go) to the concert because they are busy. 10. He is sure that he ______ (pass) the driving test. 三、句型转换（每小题2分，共10分） 1. We are going to visit the museum tomorrow.（改为否定句） We ______ ______ to visit the museum tomorrow. 2. He will finish the work in two hours.（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答） ______ he ______ the work in two hours? No, ______ ______. 3. They are going to hold a sports meeting next week.（对划线部分提问：hold a sports meeting） ______ are they going to ______ next week? 4. There will be a party this Saturday.（改为 be going to 结构） There ______ ______ ______ ______ a party this Saturday. 5. I will go shopping with my mother.（用 she 改写句子） ______ ______ go shopping with ______ mother. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子（每小题2分，共10分） 1. 明天将有一场足球赛。 ______ ______ ______ a football match tomorrow. 2. 我打算长大后当一名医生。 I ______ ______ ______ ______ a doctor when I grow up. 3. 要我帮你吗？ ______ ______ help you? 4. 如果你努力学习，你会通过考试的。 If you ______ hard, you ______ ______ the exam. 5. 火车马上就要开了。 The train ______ ______ ______ leave. 第三讲 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1. 【答案】C 【解析】next week 是将来时间标志，用一般将来时 will have。 2. 【答案】C 【解析】there be 句型的将来时为 there will be，不能用 have。 3. 【答案】B 【解析】由答语 Yes, we are 可知问句以 Are 开头，be going to 结构。 4. 【答案】A 【解析】火车按时刻表发车，用一般现在时表将来 leaves。 5. 【答案】C 【解析】由 later 和「带件外套」可知是根据迹象预测，用 be going to be。 6. 【答案】A 【解析】听到消息后临时决定去探望，用 will。 7. 【答案】A 【解析】my parents 为复数，be going to 中 be 用 are，即 are going to。 8. 【答案】D 【解析】the day after tomorrow 是将来时间，用 be going to have 表计划。 9. 【答案】B 【解析】由「风很大」这一迹象预测将有暴风雨，用 is going to be。 10. 【答案】B 【解析】Shall we...? 是提建议的固定句型，用于第一人称。 11. 【答案】B 【解析】if 条件句主将从现：从句一般现在时 is，主句 will help。 12. 【答案】A 【解析】as soon as 时间状语从句主将从现：主句 will call，从句 arrive。 13. 【答案】B 【解析】be going to be 表示「打算成为」，结构为 are you going to be。 14. 【答案】B 【解析】be about to do 表示「即将做某事」，固定结构。 15. 【答案】C 【解析】位移动词 leave 用现在进行时表按计划即将发生，即 are leaving。 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. 【答案】will be / are going to be 【解析】next year 表将来，there be 将来时为 will be 或 are going to be。 2. 【答案】is going to rain 【解析】由「乌云」这一迹象预测即将下雨，用 is going to rain。 3. 【答案】will help 【解析】if 条件句主句用一般将来时 will help。 4. 【答案】Shall; meet 【解析】Shall we...? 表建议征求意见，后接动词原形。 5. 【答案】is flying / will fly 【解析】位移动词 fly 可用现在进行时表计划，也可用一般将来时。 6. 【答案】are; going to do / will; do 【解析】this weekend 表将来，可用 be going to 或 will 结构。 7. 【答案】arrives 【解析】列车按时刻表运行，用一般现在时表将来，train 为单数用 arrives。 8. 【答案】will be 【解析】临时安慰、承诺用 will be。 9. 【答案】are not going to / won't go 【解析】由 are busy 可知不打算去，可用 aren't going to go 或 won't go。 10. 【答案】will pass / is going to pass 【解析】由 is sure 可知将来会通过，用一般将来时。 三、句型转换 1. 【答案】aren't going 【解析】be going to 否定句在 be 后加 not，we 用 are，缩写为 aren't。 2. 【答案】Will; finish; he won't 【解析】will 结构变一般疑问句将 will 提前，否定回答 No, he won't。 3. 【答案】What; do 【解析】对动作 hold a sports meeting 提问用 What，going to 后接动词原形 do。 4. 【答案】is going to be 【解析】there will be 可转换为 there is/are going to be，a party 为单数用 is。 5. 【答案】She will; her 【解析】主语改为 she 用 will，形容词性物主代词相应改为 her。 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 【答案】There will be / There is going to be 【解析】there be 句型的一般将来时。 2. 【答案】am going to be 【解析】be going to 表计划打算，主语 I 用 am，「成为」用 be。 3. 【答案】Shall I 【解析】Shall I...? 用于第一人称主动提出帮忙。 4. 【答案】study; will pass 【解析】if 条件句主将从现：从句 study，主句 will pass。 5. 【答案】is about to 【解析】be about to do 表示「即将、马上」。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $