摘要:
**基本信息**
以“概念-识别-应用-综合”为逻辑主线,系统覆盖被动语态核心考点,通过分层题型强化时态判断与主被动关系分析能力,提升语言运用与思维辨析素养。
**专项设计**
|模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|概念辨析|4题|通过正误判断强化被动语态基本结构及时态匹配|从基础概念入手,建立“时态标志词→be动词形式→过去分词”逻辑链|
|单项选择|15题|结合时间标志词(every day/last year)考查主被动关系及时态选择|衔接概念与应用,训练语境中语态识别能力|
|填空/句型转换|25题|训练被动语态否定、疑问及情态动词被动结构;主动变被动三步法|深化语法规则应用,形成“主动→被动”转换思维|
|完成句子/语法填空|15题|结合语境运用被动语态表达实际意义;语篇中综合运用不同时态被动|实现从单句到语篇的能力迁移,培养语言综合运用能力|
内容正文:
八年级英语下册 Unit 8 A green world 语法
基础提升专项检测卷
( 满分:100分 时间:45分钟 )
姓名:__________ 班级:__________ 得分:__________
第一部分 被动语态概念辨析(共4小题,每小题2分,共8分)
判断下列句子被动语态运用是否正确,正确写T,错误写F,并简要说明理由。
1. Many trees are cut down last year. ( )____________________________________
2. The glass bottle is reused by my mother every day. ( )________________________
3. A lot of waste was throw away by people in the past. ( )______________________
4. This old bike was repaired yesterday. ( )_________________________________
第二部分 单项选择(共15小题,每小题2分,共30分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
( ) 1. —When ______ these paper bags ______?
—They were made two weeks ago.
A. are; made B. were; made C. do; make D. did; make
( ) 2. Lots of rubbish ______ into the river every day. We must do something to stop it.
A. is thrown B. was thrown C. throws D. threw
( ) 3. More trees ______ in our city last spring.
A. plant B. planted C. were planted D. are planted
( ) 4. The used clothes ______ for recycling every month.
A. collect B. are collected C. collected D. were collecting
( ) 5. —Who ______ the poster about protecting the environment?
—It ______ by Tom yesterday.
A. designed; designed B. designed; was designed
C. was designed; designed D. was designed; was designed
( ) 6. Metal ______ to make different kinds of things in our daily life.
A. is used B. was used C. uses D. used
( ) 7. Thousands of plastic bottles ______ away last month. It was a big waste.
A. are thrown B. were thrown C. throw D. threw
( ) 8. ______ the park ______ by volunteers every weekend?
A. Was; cleaned B. Did; clean C. Is; cleaned D. Does; clean
( ) 9. This kind of new energy ______ widely ______ in many cities now.
A. is; used B. was; used C. did; use D. does; use
( )10. Some old houses ______ in the town in 2023.
A. pull down B. pulled down C. are pulled down D. were pulled down
( )11. The waste water ______ before it goes into the river.
A. should treat B. should be treated C. treated D. was treating
( )12. —Why didn’t you hand in your report?
—It ______ yet.
A. isn’t finished B. wasn’t finished C. hasn’t been finished D. didn’t finish
( )13. A lot of useful things ______ from waste in the past few years.
A. are produced B. were produced C. have been produced D. produced
( )14. People ______ to sort rubbish in our neighbourhood every day.
A. are asked B. were asked C. ask D. asked
( )15. The speech on green living ______ in the school hall yesterday afternoon.
A. held B. was held C. is held D. holds
第三部分 用所给词的适当形式填空(共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)
用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. Plastic bags ____________ (not use) in many supermarkets now.
2. Lots of bottles ____________ (recycle) last year.
3. This piece of cloth ____________ (make) into a small bag every week.
4. Many posters about green life ____________ (put) up on the wall yesterday.
5. Old clothes ____________ (collect) for the poor every winter.
6. —____________ the desk ____________ (repair) yesterday?
—Yes, it was.
7. The problem of pollution ____________ (discuss) at every class meeting.
8. These metal cans ____________ (turn) into new toys last month.
9. A lot of energy ____________ (save) if we take simple daily action.
10. Those waste books ____________ (not throw) away. They can be reused.
第四部分 句型转换(共5小题,每小题3分,共15分)
按要求改写下列句子,每空一词。
1. People throw lots of plastic into the sea every year.(改为被动语态)
Lots of plastic ______ ______ into the sea every year.
2. Workers built many new green parks in our town last year.(改为被动语态)
Many new green parks ______ ______ in our town last year.
3. They didn’t clean the river banks last Sunday.(改为被动语态)
The river banks ______ ______ last Sunday.
4. We reuse glass bottles to make new glass.(改为被动语态)
Glass bottles ______ ______ to make new glass.
5. The government set up a new recycling centre in 2024.(改为一般疑问句被动)
______ a new recycling centre ______ ______ by the government in 2024?
第五部分 完成句子(共5小题,每小题3分,共15分)
根据中文提示完成下列句子,每空一词。
1. 在我们学校,每天都要求学生进行垃圾分类。
Students ______ ______ ______ sort waste every day in our school.
2. 去年,大量旧物被回收利用。
Lots of old things ______ ______ ______ last year.
3. 这些纸张可以被重新用来制作贺卡。
This paper can ______ ______ to make greeting cards.
4. 过去很多有害的垃圾被倒进河里。
Much harmful rubbish ______ ______ into the river in the past.
5. 每年大量的树木被种植来保护环境。
Lots of trees ______ ______ every year to protect the environment.
第六部分 语法填空(共10小题,每小题1.2分,共12分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式。
Now more and more people want a green world. Rubbish 1. ________ (sort) in many cities now. In the past, lots of waste 2. ________ (put) into rivers. Fresh water 3. ________ (pollute) seriously at that time.
Today, many things 4. ________ (reuse). Old clothes 5. ________ (give) away to poor people. Metal and paper 6. ________ (collect) for recycling. Last year, many new recycling boxes 7. ________ (place) in our community. More rules 8. ________ (make) to protect our environment every year.
Much energy 9. ________ (save) if we change our lifestyle. Everyone hopes that a better green world 10. ________ (build) for us in the future.
解析版答案
单元核心语法:一般现在时被动语态 am/is/are + done;一般过去时被动语态 was/were + done
解题要点:①判断主语与动词主动/被动关系;②找准时间标志词,确定用现在还是过去被动;③注意否定、疑问句式变化;④情态动词被动:can/should + be + 过去分词。
第一部分 被动语态概念辨析(共4小题,每小题2分,共8分)
1. F
解析:时间状语 last year (去年)是一般过去时标志,要使用一般过去时被动 was/were+过去分词 。本句用了一般现在时被动 are cut down ,时态错误。正确:Many trees were cut down last year.
2. T
解析: every day 为一般现在时标志;主语the glass bottle和reuse是被动关系;单数主语be动词用is,reuse过去分词reused。一般现在时被动结构 is reused 使用正确,句意:玻璃瓶每天被我妈妈重复利用。
3. F
解析: in the past (在过去)为一般过去时标志,被动语态需要用动词过去分词。throw的过去分词是thrown,不能用原形throw。正确:A lot of waste was thrown away by people in the past.
4. T
解析: yesterday 昨天,一般过去时;主语this old bike单数,be动词用was;repair过
去分词repaired。一般过去时被动 was repaired 结构、时态均正确。句意:这辆旧自行车昨天被修理好了。
第二部分 单项选择(共15小题,每小题2分,共30分)
1. B
解析:答句 were made two weeks ago 两周前制造,为一般过去时。问句主语these paper bags是复数,与make被动关系,一般过去时被动疑问句: Were + 主语 + 过去分词 ,故选B。
2. A
解析: every day 每天,一般现在时;rubbish是不可数名词,视作单数;垃圾是被扔进河里,一般现在被动 is thrown 。B是过去被动;C、D为主动语态。选A。
3. C
解析: last spring 去年春天,一般过去时;主语More trees复数,树被种植,一般过去被动 were planted 。A、B主动;D为一般现在被动。选C。
4. B
解析: every month 每个月,一般现在时;主语the used clothes复数,旧衣物被收集用于回收,一般现在被动 are collected 。A主动原形;C过去式主动;D过去进行时。选B。
5. B
解析:第一空:who作主语,询问“谁设计海报”,人做主语,主动语态,用过去式designed;第二空it指代poster,poster和design被动,时间yesterday,一般过去被动 was designed 。故选B。
6. A
解析: in our daily life 日常生活,描述客观常态,一般现在时;metal金属和use被动关系,不可数名词,一般现在被动 is used 。B过去被动;C、D主动。选A。
7. B
解析: last month 上个月,一般过去时;主语Thousands of plastic bottles复数,瓶子被扔掉,一般过去被动 were thrown 。A现在被动;C、D主动。选B。
8. C
解析: every weekend 每周末,一般现在时;主语the park单数,公园被志愿者打扫,
一般现在被动疑问句 Is +主语+过去分词 。A过去被动;B、D是主动疑问句结构。选C。
9. A
解析: now 现在,描述当下客观情况;energy不可数名词,新能源被广泛使用,一般现在被动 is used 。B过去被动;C、D主动形式。选A。
10. D
解析: in 2023 过去时间,一般过去时;some old houses复数,房屋被拆除,一般过去被动 were pulled down 。A、B主动;C现在被动。选D。
11. B
解析:should情态动词,情态动词被动结构:should + be + 过去分词。废水应当被处理,故选 should be treated 。A主动;C、D时态语态错误。选B。
12. C
解析: yet 常用于现在完成时否定句,report报告和finish被动关系。现在完成时被动 hasn’t been finished 表示“至今尚未被完成”,强调到现在为止的结果。A一般现在被动;B一般过去被动;D主动。选C。
13. C
解析: in the past few years 在过去几年,现在完成时标志;事物是被制造出来,现在完成时被动 have been produced 。A一般现在被动;B一般过去被动;D主动。选C。
14. A
解析: every day 每天,一般现在时;people与ask被动,人们被要求垃圾分类;主语people复数,一般现在被动 are asked 。B过去被动;C、D主动。选A。
15. B
解析: yesterday afternoon 昨天下午,一般过去时;the speech演讲和hold被动关系,单数主语,一般过去被动 was held 。A主动过去式;C现在被动;D一般现在主动。选B。
第三部分 用所给词的适当形式填空(共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)
1. aren’t used
解析: now 现在,一般现在时;plastic bags复数,塑料袋不被使用,一般现在被动否定:are not used,缩写aren’t used。
2. were recycled
解析: last year 去年,一般过去时;bottles复数,瓶子被回收,一般过去被动were recycled。
3. is made
解析: every week 每周,一般现在时;this piece of cloth中心词cloth不可数,单数;布料被做成小包,一般现在被动is made。
4. were put
解析: yesterday 昨天,一般过去时;posters复数,海报被张贴;put过去分词仍为put,一般过去被动were put。
5. are collected
解析: every winter 每年冬天,一般现在时;old clothes复数,旧衣服被收集,一般现在被动are collected。
6. Was; repaired
解析:答句 Yes, it was 提示一般过去被动疑问句;主语the desk单数,be动词Was提前,repair过去分词repaired。
7. is discussed
解析: at every class meeting 每一次班会,经常性动作,一般现在时;the problem不可数单数,问题被讨论,一般现在被动is discussed。
8. were turned
解析: last month 上个月,一般过去时;metal cans复数,金属罐被变成新玩具,一般过去被动were turned。
9. is saved
解析:if引导条件状语从句,描述客观事实,主将从现;主句为被动,energy不可数,一般现在被动is saved。句意:如果我们采取简单日常行动,大量能源就会被节约。
10. shouldn’t be thrown / are not thrown
解析:后句“They can be reused.它们可以被再利用”,表达“不应该被扔掉”优先填shouldn’t be thrown;也可用一般现在被动否定 are not thrown 。
第四部分 句型转换(共5小题,每小题3分,共15分)
主动变被动步骤:①原句宾语作被动句主语;
②根据时间确定be动词时态与单复数;
③动词变过去分词。
1. is thrown
解析:every year一般现在时;plastic不可数名词作主语,被动语态,be动词用is,throw过去分词thrown。
2. were built
解析:last year一般过去时;parks复数作主语,公园被建造;build过去分词built,be动词用were。
3. weren’t cleaned
解析:last Sunday一般过去时;原句为否定句;主语river banks复数,河岸没有被打扫,were not缩写weren’t,clean过去分词cleaned。
4. are reused
解析:描述常态,一般现在时;glass bottles复数,玻璃瓶被重复利用,reuse过去分词reused,be动词are。
5. Was; set up
解析:in 2024过去时间;主语a new recycling centre单数,被动一般疑问句,be动词Was提前;set的过去分词set。
第五部分 完成句子(共5小题,每小题3分,共15分)
1. are asked to
解析:every day一般现在时;学生“被要求”做某事:be asked to do sth;主语students复数,be动词are。
2. were recycled
解析:last year去年,一般过去时;old things复数,物品被回收利用,一般过去被动were recycled。
3. be reused
解析:情态动词can后接被动结构 be+过去分词 ;reuse过去分词reused。
4. was thrown
解析:in the past过去;rubbish不可数名词,垃圾被倒进河里;一般过去被动,be动词用was,throw过去分词thrown。
5. are planted
解析:every year每年,一般现在时;trees复数,树木被种植;plant过去分词planted,be动词are。
第六部分 语法填空(共10小题,每小题1.2分,共12分)
1. is sorted
解析:now提示一般现在时;rubbish不可数,垃圾被分类,一般现在被动is sorted。
2. were put
解析:In the past过去时;lots of waste此处视作复数概念,废弃物被倒入河中;put过去分词put,一般过去被动were put。
3. was polluted
解析:at that time在那时,过去时;fresh water不可数,淡水被污染,一般过去被动was polluted。
4. are reused
解析:Today现在,一般现在时;many things复数,物品被重复利用,一般现在被动are reused。
5. are given
解析:陈述现在常态;old clothes复数,旧衣物被赠送给穷人,一般现在被动are given。
6. are collected
解析:and并列,一般现在时;Metal and paper两类事物作主语表复数,金属纸张被收集回收,are collected。
7. were placed
解析:Last year去年,一般过去时;many new recycling boxes复数,回收箱被放置,place过去分词placed,were placed。
8. are made
解析:every year每年,一般现在时;More rules复数,规则被制定,make过去分词made,are made。
9. will be saved
解析:if引导条件状语从句,主将从现;能源“将会被节约”,一般将来时被动will be saved。
10. will be built
解析: in the future 将来;世界将会被建造,一般将来时被动will be built。
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