Unit 1 The Changing World Section A(1a-2d) 讲义 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

本初中英语讲义聚焦“家乡今昔变化”主题，系统梳理描述变化的核心词汇（rough, be covered with, lack等）与used to do句型，通过看图对比（旧照片bare/dry到新照片wide/green）、听力获取信息（交通/医疗等今昔对比）、角色扮演及治理措施讨论，构建“观察-输入-内化-输出”的学习支架。 该资料以真实情境为载体，通过听力抓对比信号词（past/used to vs now）、口语表达支架（In the past... Now...）提升语言能力，2a问题排序活动（缺水/沙尘暴等按影响程度）培养思维品质，易错提醒和答题技巧发展学习能力。课中助教师高效授课，课后助学生回顾练习，巩固语言运用能力。

Unit 1 The Changing World Section A (1a–2d) · 谈论家乡的今昔变化　（讲义 · 学生用） 课时基本信息 课题 Unit 1 The Changing World Section A（1a–2d） 课型 听说·语言运用课（描述家乡今昔变化） 年级 九年级上册 课时 第 1 课时（对应教材 Section A 1a–2d） 教材 人教版（2024）九年级上册 Unit 1 The Changing World Section A（1a–2d），课本第 1–3 页 主题 家乡的环境、交通、生活今昔对比；used to do 句型；变化与治理话题表达 教学重难点 重点 掌握描述今昔变化的核心词汇（rough, be covered with, lack, shortage, support 等）与 used to do 句型的基本用法；能听懂关于环境、交通、生活对比的听力材料并获取关键信息；能运用目标句型进行口语交流，完成话题对话与情景表达。 难点 准确区分 used to do 与现在时态的用法差异，规避句式运用错误；在口语表达中灵活运用句型清晰描述生活变化，精准辨析听力中过去与现在的不同信息，形成连贯规范的语言表达。 （一）Look and share：看图对比家乡变化（课本 p.1–2） 观察下面两组照片，思考并回答：两幅照片有什么不同？为什么变化这么大？你的家乡随时间发生了哪些变化？ 图 1　Look and share 对比照片：同一地点今昔环境变化 【过渡语】先用形容词描述旧照片（bare, dry, desolate），再用形容词描述新照片（wide, green, full of life），体会今昔反差。 参考示范： 1. How are these two photos different? — The old photo shows a bare, dry land with only one lonely tree; the new photo shows a wide, green grassland with a clear river. The place has turned into a vibrant, healthy ecosystem. 2. Why did the places change so much? — Because people carried out tree-planting and grass-growing projects to stop desertification, which brought back vegetation and made the river clear again. 3. How has your hometown changed? — It used to be a small town with narrow roads and few green areas. Now the roads are wide and clean, with many parks and trees, and life is much more convenient. （二）Li Rui 的家乡：沙尘之地变绿洲（课本 p.2） 观察 Li Rui 家乡的今昔照片，回答下列问题：照片展现了哪些变化？你的感受是什么？ 图 2　Li Rui 的家乡：过去黄沙覆盖 → 如今绿树成荫 【知识点】描述变化常用结构：used to be + 状态 / 现在 be + 状态；用 but now / Now, … 形成今昔对比。 The photos show changes in Li Rui's hometown. Many years ago it was covered with sand. But now it is covered with beautiful trees. More and more people are living here. I'm amazed and I feel happy. （三）听力 1b：George 打给 Li Rui 的电话（课本 p.2） 听一段电话对话，回答问题。 问题 参考答案 1. Why does George call Li Rui? He and his father are going to visit Li Rui's hometown and he wants Li Rui to be their guide. 2. When did George's father last visit the place? About 20 years ago. 3. What is the relationship between George's father and Li Rui's grandfather? They are good friends. 【提示框】抓听关键句：be going to visit、last visit was about … years ago、became a good friend of … （四）Role-play 1b：模拟电话邀约（课本 p.2） 两人一组，模仿下面对话进行角色扮演（George 与 Li Rui）。 人物 话语 Li Rui Hello, George. George Hi, Li Rui. Guess what! My father, Bob, and I are going to visit your hometown. Could you be our guide? Li Rui Sure! I'd love to! George Wonderful! You know, my father's last visit was about 20 years ago. He became a good friend of your grandfather. Li Rui Grandpa will be so happy. They haven't seen each other for ages! George Yes, and my father really wants to see how the place has changed since he last visited. （五）听力 1c：Li Rui 一家带 George 父子参观家乡（课本 p.2） 听对话，完成下面关于家乡“过去—现在”变化的表格。 图 3　听力 1c 信息表：交通 / 医疗 / 购物 / 环境 的今昔对比 方面 过去 (used to) 现在 (now) 交通 trip took half a day / an hour to reach the town takes only an hour / 15 minutes 上学 bus nearly 40 minutes over rough roads only 15 minutes 医疗 medical had to travel far to see a doctor has built a new hospital 购物 shopping no such places has a supermarket 环境 environment covered with sand covered with beautiful trees （六）Role-play 1c：谈论参观途中的变化（课本 p.2） 人物 话语 Li Rui What do you think of your trip so far? Bob Amazing! When I first visited here, it took half a day to reach the town. Now, with the new roads, it takes only an hour. Li Rui Yes. When I was a child, the bus took nearly 40 minutes over rough roads to get to school. Now, it takes only 15 minutes. Bob Life is much easier! Li Rui Not only that. We used to have to travel far to see a doctor, but now our town has built a new hospital. Bob Great! And didn't I see a supermarket down the street? Li Rui Yes. We didn't have any such places for shopping until 10 years ago. Bob But the biggest change is on the hills. They used to be covered with sand. Li Rui And now they have been covered with beautiful trees! （七）Discuss：变化从何而来？（课本 p.2） 小组讨论 1c 表格中的各项变化，并思考它们是如何发生的。 Great changes have taken place in transportation, medical care, shopping and the environment. New roads make trips much faster; a new hospital and a supermarket bring easier daily life; tree-planting turns sandy hills green. These improvements come from the local government's infrastructure building, economic growth, long-term ecological protection, and the efforts of all local people. （八）2a：为家乡面临的问题排序（课本 p.3） 将下列问题按严重程度从 1（最严重）到 4（最轻）排序，并说明原因。 图 4　2a 四项家乡问题：沙尘暴 / 缺水 / 耕地短缺 / 技术缺乏 1. water shortage 缺水 — 没有水，人无法生存、无法耕种。 2. sandstorms 沙尘暴 — 危害健康、毁坏庄稼。 3. farmland shortage 耕地短缺 — 土地不足意味着粮食不足。 4. lack of technology 技术缺乏 — 虽重要，但人仍可凭双手劳动。 （九）听力 2b：George 的父亲与 Li Rui 的爷爷（课本 p.3） 听 George 的父亲与 Li Rui 爷爷的对话，找出他们在 2a 中提到的家乡问题。 【提示框】关注反复出现的名词：sandstorms、fields getting smaller、plant bushes / trees。 They mentioned sandstorms and farmland shortages. Grandpa: There used to be sandstorms all the time, and the fields were getting smaller and smaller. After one big sandstorm, they found a small bush with long roots that could hold the soil, and began planting it in sandy areas. The government provided support. Now there are fewer sandstorms and the environment is getting better; everyone has become richer and happier. （十）听力 2c：环境治理如何影响生活（课本 p.3） 方面 过去 → 现在 sandstorms 沙尘暴 all the time → fewer now fields 耕地 getting smaller and smaller → huge / fertile 劳动方式 work by hand → with machines 土壤 soil loose / sandy → held by long roots 生活 life poor → richer and happier （十一）Role-play 2b：倾听长辈的治沙故事（课本 p.3） 人物 话语 Bob I'm amazed by how green your hometown has become! Grandpa Have you seen the corn fields outside of the town yet? Bob Yeah! They're huge! Grandpa There used to be sandstorms all the time, and the fields were getting smaller and smaller. Then, after one big sandstorm, we decided to do something. Bob What did you do? Grandpa We found a small bush. It had long roots that could hold the soil together. We began planting it in sandy areas. The government provided support too. Bob Wasn't it difficult to plant so many bushes? Grandpa Yes, it was. At the beginning, we worked by hand. Later, we had machines to help. There are fewer sandstorms now and the environment is getting better. （十二）Discuss：问题是如何被解决的（课本 p.3） 两人一组，用 “The area used to … What did they do to solve this problem? They …” 结构讨论 2b 中的治理措施。 【过渡语】先说过去的问题（used to be covered with sand / face a serious farmland shortage），再给解决措施（plant bushes and trees / improve the soil）。 A: The area used to have terrible sandstorms very often. B: What did they do? A: They planted lots of bushes and trees on the bare hills. The trees can hold the soil and slow down the wind, so sandstorms have become much less frequent. A: The town used to face a serious farmland shortage. B: What did they do? A: They improved the soil by stopping desertification and built reasonable farmland plans. More fertile land was developed, and they used scientific farming to make the existing farmland more productive. （十三）核心词汇与句型（课本 p.2–3） 本课时重点词汇（含音标、词性、释义与例句）。 rough /rʌf/ adj. 崎岖的；粗糙的。The bark of the tree is rough. be covered with phr. 被……覆盖。The ground is covered with thick snow. lack /læk/ n./v. 缺乏。Lack of sleep made him tired. / They lack water. shortage /ˈʃɔːtɪdʒ/ n. 短缺。There is a shortage of water in this area. support /səˈpɔːt/ n.&v. 支持；支撑。He works hard to support his family. 【易混点】be covered with（表面状态）vs. be covered by（被动动作/执行者）；lack（可作 n./v.）vs. be short of（须搭配 be 的形容词短语）；shortage 与 lack 多可互换，shortage 更偏“供应短缺”。 易错提醒 ① used to do 表示“过去常常做（现在已不做）”，后接动词原形；否定 did not use to / used not to，疑问 Did … use to …? 勿漏助动词 did。 ② 区分 used to do（过去常做）与 be used to doing（习惯于做）/ be used to do（被用来做），三者易混。 ③ 描述“过去的状态”用 used to be + 形容词/名词，勿写成 use to。 ④ shortage / lack 作名词时常用 a shortage of / a lack of 结构，注意介词 of 不省略。 答题技巧 ① 听力抓对比信号词：past / used to / ago 表过去，now / but / however / today 表现 在，听到即圈出。 ② 完成“过去—现在”表格时，先预判每行两个空分别属于哪个时段，再听关键词填词。 ③ 口语描述变化用固定支架：In the past, … used to … Now, … 让表达更有条理。 ④ 排序题先按“影响生存→影响生活→影响发展”的轻重排，再补理由更稳妥。 语言点归纳 ● used to do：过去常常（现在不）。否定/疑问借助 did。 ● 今昔对比框架：used to be + 状态 ↔ now + 状态；be covered with sand ↔ be covered with trees。 ● 治理措施动词：plant bushes / trees, hold the soil, stop desertification, improve the soil, build hospitals / supermarkets, provide support。 ● 核心名词：rough roads, sandstorms, farmland shortage, water shortage, shortage of …, support from the government。 课堂总结 本课时以“家乡的今昔变化”为主线，掌握了 used to do 句型与 rough / be covered with / lack / shortage / support 等词汇；通过 1b–1c 听力与角色扮演，学会用对比结构描述交通、医疗、购物、环境的变化；通过 2a–2c 了解沙尘暴与耕地短缺的治理过程。课后可拍摄或回忆家乡的一处变化，用 3–4 句话写下来。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $