精品解析：北京市丰台区第二中学2026-2027学年高三上学期开学考英语试题

北京丰台二中高三英语练习（8月） 本试卷满分100分 考试时间90分钟 姓名________ 班级________ 考号________ 第一部分 知识运用（共两节30分） 第一节：完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Last summer, as I got ready to move to a new city for a job, I stood in front of my crowded bookshelf. A wave of memories washed over me. Each book was a(n) ____1____ friend. A practical question kept echoing in my mind: “Will I ever read these again?” The thought of ____2____ them seemed too cold, and simply storing them seemed like a waste. I wanted the stories to live on. So I decided to find them new homes. I made a simple but detailed poster for our community board, ____3____ my books, with sections like “Classic Literature,” “Heartwarming Stories,” and “Young Adult Adventures,” and even added little notes about who might ____4____ each one. The ____5____ came quickly. The first call came from a teenage girl, and her voice was full of excitement. “Do you still have Pride and Prejudice?” she asked ____6____. When she arrived, her eyes scanned the piles of books and stopped at the novels. A warm smile spread across her face as she picked up the book she wanted. “Thank you so much!” she said, and ____7____ a handmade bookmark to me. “I made this,” she added. That small, kind gesture turned my earlier hesitation into quiet happiness. My books weren’t just being taken away; they were becoming someone else’s ____8____. Later, as I looked at my emptier shelves, I felt surprisingly light and ____9____. The physical weight of the books was gone, but in its place was a deep sense of warmth. The bookmark wasn’t just a gift; it was real human ____10____ — a reminder that stories could spark new journeys in others. Letting go, I realized, wasn’t really an ending. It was part of a beautiful, ongoing cycle. And the best joy was becoming a small link in that chain of sharing. 1. A. lost B. distant C. old D. funny 2. A. hiding B. selling C. lending D. adapting 3. A. ranking B. categorizing C. beautifying D. collecting 4. A. enjoy B. recognize C. recommend D. evaluate 5. A. challenge B. preparation C. response D. decision 6. A. confidently B. formally C. cautiously D. eagerly 7. A. presented B. dropped C. posted D. returned 8. A. dreams B. profits C. rewards D. treasures 9. A. calm B. curious C. content D. free 10. A. care B. connection C. generosity D. trust 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者搬家前将书送人并收获温暖与感悟的故事。 【1题详解】 考查形容词。句意：每本书都是一位老朋友。A. lost丢失的；B. distant遥远的；C. old老的；D. funny有趣的。根据上文“A wave of memories washed over me.”可知，每本书都勾起了作者的回忆，书籍陪伴自己许久，就像老朋友一样。 【2题详解】 考查动词。句意：卖掉它们的想法似乎太冷漠，而单纯存放又像是一种浪费。A. hiding隐藏；B. selling卖；C. lending借出；D. adapting改编。根据下文“So I decided to find them new homes.”可知，作者决定给这些书找新家，说明作者不想卖掉这些书。 【3题详解】 考查动词。句意：我为社区公告板做了一个简单但详细的海报，把我的书分类，有“经典文学”、“温馨故事”和“青少年冒险”等部分，甚至还添加了关于谁可能会喜欢每一本书的小注释。A. ranking排名；B. categorizing分类；C. beautifying美化；D. collecting收集。根据下文“with sections like “Classic Literature,” “Heartwarming Stories,” and “Young Adult Adventures,””可知，作者对书籍进行了分类。 【4题详解】 考查动词。句意：我为社区公告板做了一个简单但详细的海报，把我的书分类，有“经典文学”、“温馨故事”和“青少年冒险”等部分，甚至还添加了关于谁可能会喜欢每一本书的小注释。A. enjoy喜欢；B. recognize认出；C. recommend推荐；D. evaluate评估。根据上文“I wanted the stories to live on. So I decided to find them new homes.”及“added little notes”可知，作者想让这些故事继续存在，给这些书找新家，标注适合人群，说明作者希望这些书能被喜欢它们的人得到。 【5题详解】 考查名词。句意：回应来得很快。A. challenge挑战；B. preparation准备；C. response回应；D. decision决定。根据下文“The first call came from a teenage girl, and her voice was full of excitement.”可知，作者很快就接到了电话，说明有人对作者的海报做出了回应。 【6题详解】 考查副词。句意：“你还有《傲慢与偏见》吗？”她急切地问道。A. confidently自信地；B. formally正式地；C. cautiously谨慎地；D. eagerly急切地。根据上文“her voice was full of excitement”可知，这个女孩的声音充满了兴奋，说明她十分急切地询问书籍。 【7题详解】 考查动词。句意：“非常感谢！”她说，并送给我一个手工制作的书签。A. presented赠送，递交；B. dropped掉落；C. posted邮寄，张贴；D. returned归还。根据下文“a handmade bookmark to me”和“The bookmark wasn’t just a gift”可知，女孩拿到喜欢的书，把自制书签送给作者表感谢。 【8题详解】 考查名词。句意：我的书不仅仅是被拿走了；它们成了别人的珍宝。A. dreams梦想；B. profits利润；C. rewards奖励；D. treasures珍宝。根据上文“Thank you so much!”以及“That small, kind gesture turned my earlier hesitation into quiet happiness.”可知，这个女孩很感谢作者，说明对女孩来说这些书是珍宝。 【9题详解】 考查形容词。句意：后来，当我看着空荡荡的书架时，我感到出奇地轻松和满足。A. calm平静的；B. curious好奇的；C. content满足的；D. free自由的。根据下文“The physical weight of the books was gone, but in its place was a deep sense of warmth.”可知，作者通过赠书找到了书籍的新归宿，内心暖意满满，说明作者内心十分满足。 【10题详解】 考查名词。句意：这枚书签不仅仅是一份礼物；它是人与人之间真正的联结——提醒人们故事可以在别人心中点燃新的旅程。A. care关心；B. connection联结，联系；C. generosity慷慨；D. trust信任。根据下文“a reminder that stories could spark new journeys in others”可知，书签提醒人们故事可以在别人心中点燃新的旅程，说明书签是人与人之间的一种联结。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Rowena was at dinner when she heard a loud noise at the next table. She saw that something was wrong with a little girl. She suddenly realized that the baby was choking on food. Fortunately, Rowena knew what to do, as she ___11___ (complete) a first aid course for children before. “I sat on a chair and held the baby girl face down along the length of my right leg with her head ___12___ (low) than my knee,” Rowena said. “Then I started to hit her ___13___ the back. When the baby girl started to cry, I knew that she could breathe again.” That was ___14___ Rowena saved a baby’s life. 【答案】11. had completed 12. lower 13. on 14. how 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Rowena通过急救知识救了一名婴儿的故事。 【11题详解】 考查时态。句意：幸运的是，Rowena知道该怎么做，因为她之前已经完成了儿童急救课程。此处表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had completed。 【12题详解】 考查比较级。句意：Rowena说：“我坐在椅子上，把女婴脸朝下抱在右腿上，她的头低于我的膝盖。”。根据后文than可知为比较级。故填lower。 【13题详解】 考查介词。句意：然后我开始打她的背。此处为介词hit sb. on the back表示“拍打背部”。故填on。 【14题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：Rowena就是这样救了一个婴儿的命。引导表语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故用how。故填how。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The Chinese have created some of the greatest inventions in the world. They came up with a way to make modern paper thousands of years ago. The first paper ___15___ (invent) was made from worm fishing nets, bark of the mulberry tree, and cloth. These materials were found ___16___ (easy), which meant that large amounts of paper were cheaper to make. As paper became more affordable, it was used for writing on. During the Tang Dynasty, it was made into paper bags and used to preserve the flavour of tea. Today, paper ___17___ (use) for many different purposes around the world. 【答案】15. invented 16. easily 17. is used 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。中国人创造了一些世界上最伟大的发明。数千年前，他们发明了一种制造现代纸张的方法。发明的第一张纸是由蠕虫渔网、桑树皮和布制成的。这些材料很容易找到，这意味着大量的纸张制作起来更便宜。随着纸变得越来越便宜，它被用来写字。在唐朝，它被制成纸袋，用来保存茶的味道。今天，纸在世界各地被用于许多不同的用途。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：发明的第一张纸是由蠕虫渔网、桑树皮和布制成的。分析句子结构可知invent与paper构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填invented。 【16题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些材料很容易找到，这意味着大量的纸张制作起来更便宜。修饰动词find应用副词easily，作状语。故填easily。 【17题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：如今，纸张在世界各地被用于许多不同的用途。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据today可知为一般现在时，谓语用单数。故填is used。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 You never know what treasures the sea will offer. ___18___ (look) for a seashell is a fun hobby, and anyone at any age can do it. Plus, there’s even an official name for people ___19___ collect and study shells: “conchologist.” Besides being unique and interesting, shells serve an important function. They provide ___20___ (protect) for sea organisms. That brings us to the first rule of searching for seashells: Never keep a shell that still has a living creature inside. 【答案】18. Looking 19. who##that 20. protection 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了寻找贝壳这一活动。 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：找贝壳是一种有趣的爱好，任何年龄的人都可以做。作主语，应用动名词，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Looking。 【19题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：此外，收集和研究贝壳的人甚至有一个官方名称：“海螺学家”。定语从句修饰先行词people，在从句作主语，指人，故填who/that。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：它们为海洋生物提供保护。作宾语，应用名词protection。故填protection。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节38分） 第一节：（共15小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A General LRC rules We have a number of simple rules to help you use the Language Resource Centre (LRC). Please cooperate and enjoy your visit with us. ● No eating or drinking ● No copying of audio cassettes ● You can use the LRC cither on your own during self - access times or you may use it with your teacher as part of a lesson. ● If you use it as a self-access student, you must scan your borrower barcode (issued by the library staff) when entering and leaving. The LRC is for use by Language Centre students only. ● All bags must be put in the bag-rack. Please work quietly. This is a library and many students are studying for exams. Photocopying We have a photocopier available. Please ask the library staff to help you. The cost is 20c for one A4 sheet. Borrowing from the LRC Language Centre students are permitted to borrow materials from the library. Other schools’ students must use the facilities at their own schools. Full-time students: Give your photo — ID card to the librarian and you will get an LRC number. Part-time students: You will need to bring your $ 50. 00 deposit receipt from the cashier. When your course finishes, bring your library card back and your deposit will be refunded in cash. Loans Language students can borrow up to 4 items (of which no more than 2 can be kits) at one time. Kits are bags containing book(s) plus cassette(s). All teacher trainee students may borrow up to 3 items: ● Test materials 1 week ● Listening kits 1 week ● Most other books 2 weeks Books marked REF in red are reference books and cannot be taken out of the library. Books marked REF in green may be removed by staff only. Most items can be renewed once. Test materials cannot be renewed. 21. What can we learn from the passage? A. You can borrow and copy audio cassettes from the LRC. B. The LRC can only be used by students studying for exams. C. Students and teachers can photocopy materials at the LRC for free D. Teachers are allowed to use the LRC when giving lessons to students. 22. According to the passage, part -time students at the Language Center _________. A. can borrow at least four items at one time B. should renew the test materials once a week C. should pay a deposit before borrowing materials D. can take books marked REF in red out of the library 23. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To explain how to use the LRC. B. To recommend resources for language learning. C. To present the different functions of school facilities. D. To introduce how to borrow reference books from the LRC. 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了语言资源中心的一些使用规则。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“● You can use the LRC cither on your own during self - access times or you may use it with your teacher as part of a lesson. (你可以在自己的时间使用LRC，也可以和老师一起作为课程的一部分使用它)”可知，教师在给学生上课时可以使用LRC。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Borrowing from the LRC部分中“Part-time students: You will need to bring your $ 50. 00 deposit receipt from the cashier. When your course finishes, bring your library card back and your deposit will be refunded in cash.(非全日制学生：你需要带上你的50美元。这是出纳员给我的00英镑的存款收据。课程结束后，请将借书证带回来，押金将以现金退还)”可知，非全日制学生借用资料前应先付押金。故选C。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“We have a number of simple rules to help you use the Language Resource Centre (LRC). Please cooperate and enjoy your visit with us.(我们有一些简单的规则来帮助你使用语言资源中心。希望大家合作愉快)”可推知，这篇文章的目的是解释如何使用LRC。故选A。 B I was sixteen years old, and like many other teenage boys, I was in a band. So when we found out we’d been invited to play at a charitable event in a nursing home, we were very excited — it felt like our first real stage. On the day of the concert, we turned up early. As we headed backstage, still buzzing with excitement, the director of the nursing home came over to talk to us. “Some in the audience are suffering from physical or mental illnesses. These people have very few chances to see live entertainment of any kind. Just play your regular show, and you’ll do fine.” Soon it was time for the show. The auditorium was packed. But the silence that filled the room felt heavy, almost unnerving. Then we started playing our first few songs. We played probably the best show we had ever put on. As each song finished, there was a short pause. This was the time when the audience would normally applaud. Unfortunately, we were getting little applause. A sinking feeling settled in my chest. We unplugged our instruments and went backstage. Seeing this, the director ran backstage and asked us what was wrong. “Well, it seemed that the audience didn’t like the performances,” I replied, trying to hide my disappointment. “They like all of you. But maybe the songs are not quite the style they like.” On hearing this, we realized the problem. A spark of hope flickered. So I advised the director to give us a 10-minute break. We then had a heated discussion about what to play. Returning to the stage, we played seven songs for the elderly residents. Most of the music was gentle, and some of the songs were familiar to them. This time, the atmosphere shifted — some of them even stood up and danced to the music. With every cheer, the knot in my stomach loosened a little more. Finally, we finished our performance. What happened next shocked me more than anything. I went back to pack up, not knowing what to expect, only to find that at least ten people had gathered around the stage. Several people told us we were the best band to play for them in years. I stood there speechless, something warm and unexpected swelling in my chest. After that show, I made up my mind to have a career in music. I did play a few more shows with different bands over the years, and some crowds roared louder than that night. But no matter how much the audience cheered, I never felt as good as I did on that particular night — I learned that music is not about applause, but about truly touching someone. 24. Why did the band feel disappointed after their first few songs? A. They failed to play their best songs. B. The audience left the auditorium quietly. C. The director blamed them for their performance. D. They received hardly any applause from the audience. 25. What can we learn from the passage? A. The director asked the band to play louder. B. The band adjusted their song style to suit the elderly. C. The band made some mistakes during the performance. D. The elderly showed great interest in various live shows. 26. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 7 probably indicate? A. The author was surprised and thankful. B. The author expected praise from the director. C. The author began to feel relieved and confident. D. The author understood the meaning of the songs. 27. What can we conclude from this passage? A. Teamwork helps solve problems. B. True success lies in reaching others. C. First impression cannot always be trusted. D. One’s potential cannot always be underrated. 【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C 27. B 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了作者回忆少年时乐队在养老院演出的经历并最终领悟到真正的音乐价值不在于喝彩，而在于触动、温暖他人。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Unfortunately, we were getting little applause.(不幸的是，我们几乎没有得到什么掌声。)”可知，乐队感到失望是因为几乎没得到观众掌声。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“We then had a heated discussion about what to play.( 随后我们热烈讨论了接下来该演奏什么曲目。)”和第七段“Returning to the stage, we played seven songs for the elderly residents. Most of the music was gentle, and some of the songs were familiar to them.(重返舞台后，我们为养老院的老人们演唱了七首歌曲。曲风大多舒缓柔和，还有一些是他们耳熟能详的老歌。)”可知，乐队主动调整曲风，换成适合老人的舒缓老歌。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第七段“This time, the atmosphere shifted — some of them even stood up and danced to the music. With every cheer, the knot in my stomach loosened a little more.( 这一次，现场气氛完全变了——有些老人甚至起身随着音乐起舞。每一次欢呼，我心中的郁结都随之释怀几分。)”可推知，作者渐渐释怀、重拾自信。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“I learned that music is not about applause, but about truly touching someone.(我明白了，音乐不在于掌声，而在于真正打动人心、温暖他人)”可知，我们从文章中总结出真正的成功在于触动他人。 C Early or Later Day Care Many young parents are confused about whether their children should have early day care, and there have always been different views on this subject. The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby believes that separation from parents during the sensitive “attachment” period from birth to three may scar a child’s personality and lead to psychological problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby’s work that children should not be subjected to day care before three because of the parental separation it causes, and many people do believe this. According to Bowlby, a great deal of psychological harm can occur when young children are separated from their parents. If they are left without touch for a while, they will have a higher stress level. Parents’ influence on their children’s well-being may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child’s brain is developing rapidly and when nearly all of her or his experiences are shaped by parents and the family environment. However, there are critics. Some anthropologists (人类学家) point out that the love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. There has been a long history of the fact that father and mother did not bring up their children alone. Plato, around 394 B.C., argued that a system of early child care would free women to participate in society. Results from Israeli and Dutch studies show that child-raising duties are more evenly distributed among a broader group of people. Besides, studies have reported that early day care has a neutral or slightly positive effect on children’s development. They learn the benefits of being socially smart, understanding the concept of sharing and caring. They promote concentration skills, which is very important in their learning. There are games where children are taught basic language and mathematical skills through stories and everyday examples. Common sense tells us that early day care would not be so widespread if children had problems with it. But Bowlby’s analysis raises the possibility that it has delayed effects. The possibility that such care might lead to more mental illness 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics. Whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three dislike leaving their parents and show unhappiness. At the age of three almost all children find it easy to go to the nursery. The matter, then, is far from being clearly known, though experience and available evidence indicate that early day care is reasonable for young children. 28. The passage mainly argues whether ________. A. children over three will accept school education B. children under three should be sent to nursery schools C. the family relationship is different in traditional societies D. early day care should be totally replaced in modern societies 29. Which of the following supports Bowlby’s theory? A. Early day care wouldn’t be so popular if it had negative effects. B. Separation from parents for young children is common in history. C. Parents find the immediate effects of early day care difficult to deal with. D. Studies show early day care has a positive effect on children’s development. 30. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage? I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion A. B. C. D. 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讨论了婴幼儿早期日托是否合理的问题，呈现了正反两方面的观点，并最终得出结论，尽管存在争议，但经验和现有证据表明早期日托对幼儿是合理的。 【28题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段提出话题“Many young parents are confused about whether their children should have early day care, and there have always been different views on this subject. (许多年轻父母对是否应该让孩子接受早期日托感到困惑，而关于这个问题一直存在着不同的看法。)”，第二段介绍Bowlby反对早期日托的理论，第三段进一步阐述其理论依据，第四段提出批评者的反对意见，第五段列举支持早期日托的研究证据，最后一段总结讨论并指出早期日托对幼儿是合理的。全文围绕“幼儿是否应该被送到托儿所”这一核心问题展开论证。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段前两句“According to Bowlby, a great deal of psychological harm can occur when young children are separated from their parents. If they are left without touch for a while, they will have a higher stress level. (根据Bowlby的观点，当幼儿与父母分离时，可能会产生大量的心理伤害。如果他们有一段时间没有任何身体接触，就会处于更高的压力水平。)”可知，Bowlby的理论核心是，幼儿与父母分离会造成心理伤害。又根据最后一段第四、五句“Whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three dislike leaving their parents and show unhappiness. (无论长期影响如何，父母有时还是会发现（早期日托带来的）即时影响难以应对。三岁以下的孩子不喜欢离开父母，并且会表现出不快乐。)”可知，父母所感受到的早期日托带来的即时影响难以应对，具体就体现为三岁以下幼儿离开父母后流露的不快乐，这一现象正好印证了 Bowlby 关于分离会导致心理困扰的观点。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。文章的结构为：第一段提出问题（Introduction），第二段和第三段阐述Bowlby反对早期日托的观点（Point 1），其中第二段提出Bowlby的核心观点，0至3岁与父母分离会造成心理伤害，第三段进一步从压力水平升高、大脑发育关键期等角度解释其内在机制，两段之间是递进关系，共同服务于“反对早期日托”这一立场。第四段和第五段提出批评者及研究的相反观点（Point 2），其中第四段从历史与文化角度指出传统社会中父母并不单独育儿，对Bowlby的观点提出质疑，第五段则从儿童发展角度正面列举日托对社交、专注力、语言数学能力的积极影响，两段分别从两个方面支撑“支持早期日托”的立场，属于并列关系。最后一段在权衡正反双方后给出结论，尽管长期影响尚不明确，但经验和证据表明早期日托是合理的。因此结构应为： I→观点1（P）→观点2（P，含Sp1历史社会视角+Sp2儿童发展视角）→结论（C）。 D Because the commercial internet has been developed with so little regard for privacy, tech companies have been able to turn personal data into considerable profits, raising billions of dollars off their ability to collect and sell information about anyone who has wandered within shouting distance of their software. This week, Google announced a step in the right direction-but not a huge step, nor one that will stop Google from continuing to collect immense amounts of personal data. At issue is how online companies track internet users as they browse (浏览) from site to site online, typically through cookies (information that a website leaves in your computer so that the website will recognize you when you use it again). The most harmful version, “third-party” cookies, is the web alternative of a company posting security guards across the internet to monitor what you do, even when you’re on other companies’ sites. Google declared in a blog post Wednesday that it would no longer use or support third-party cookies, nor would it create or use any other technology that tracks individual users across the web. Given that Google is a main supplier of online advertising technology, its change in approach will impact far and wide. That’s welcome news, although with huge amounts of warning. As Lee Tien of the Electronic Frontier Foundation noted, third-party cookies were already on the retreat, with Apple and other makers of popular web browsers moving to block them. Meanwhile, Google, Facebook and other Big Tech companies continue to collect personal information in large quantities from people who use their sites and services through first-party cookies and similar techniques. The concerns about personal data collection are the same whether it’s being collected through first-party or third-party techniques, said Michelle Richardson of the Center for Democracy and Technology. “Companies may use the information to discriminate among internet users, offering different goods, services and even prices to different users.” Instead of helping advertisers track individuals, Google says, it is improving a technology that assigns users namelessly to large groups with common interests. That’s an improvement, even though it too may be at risk of abuse. But why do any form of tracking at all? Privacy advocates say pitches (兜售) can be targeted effectively by basing them on where the user is at the moment, not where he or she has browsed previously online. Ultimately, lawmakers are going to have to lay down regulations giving people far more control over whether and how personal information is used online. Ideally the federal (联邦的) government will set a strong floor under online privacy protections, but until then it will be up to state lawmakers or voters to act, as this state has done with its groundbreaking online privacy laws. It’s good to see Google move the ball forward, but there’s much farther to go. 31. What does the underlined phrase “on the retreat” in Para 4 most probably mean? A. Exposed. B. Removed. C. Emerging. D. Fading. 32. It can be learned from the declaration that Google . A. is developing new technologies to stop data collection B. refuses to work with companies tracking privacy C. intends to abandon its advertising technologies D. resolves to stop the use of third-party cookies 33. From the passage we can know that first-party cookies . A. are still collecting personal information B. are blocked by big companies like Apple C. are mainly used by advertising companies D. are less concerning than third-party cookies 34. What is the writer’s attitude towards Google’s new move? A. It is less satisfactory than expected. B. It needs to be more forceful to be effective. C. It will accelerate the disappearance of cookies. D. It has driven lawmakers to make new regulations. 【答案】31. D 32. D 33. A 34. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了本周谷歌宣布停止使用第三方cookies，这是朝着正确方向迈出的一步——但并不是很大的一步，也不会阻止谷歌继续收集大量的个人数据。 【31题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“As Lee Tien of the Electronic Frontier Foundation noted, third-party cookies were already on the retreat, with Apple and other makers of popular web browsers moving to block them. (正如电子前沿基金会的李田指出的那样，第三方cookies已经___________，苹果和其他流行浏览器制造商开始屏蔽它们。)”由“苹果和其他流行浏览器制造商开始屏蔽它们”可猜测划线短语on the retreat意为“衰退，逐渐消失”。故选D项。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Google declared in a blog post Wednesday that it would no longer use or support third-party cookies, nor would it create or use any other technology that tracks individual users across the web.(谷歌周三在一篇博客文章中宣布，它将不再使用或支持第三方cookies，也不会创建或使用任何其他技术来跟踪网络上的个人用户。)”可知，谷歌决心停止使用第三方cookies。故选D项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“The concerns about personal data collection are the same whether it’s being collected through first-party or third-party techniques, said Michelle Richardson of the Center for Democracy and Technology. (民主与技术中心的米歇尔·理查森表示，无论是通过第一方还是第三方技术收集个人数据，人们对这些数据收集的担忧是相同的。)”可知，第一方cookies仍然在收集个人信息。故选A项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ It’s good to see Google move the ball forward, but there’s much farther to go. (很高兴看到谷歌将向前推进，但是还有很长的路要走。)”可知，作者认为谷歌的新举措需要更加有力的推进才能有效。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As the higher education sector faces mounting pressures to provide value for money, it’s now often assumed that universities will provide its students with much more than just a degree. Most prospectuses(宣传册)introduction present institutions as being the “leaders” in academic research, student satisfaction, graduate employability and contact hours. ___35___ Visiting a university “in the flesh” on the open day is the only way you can truly get a feel for the place, and ensures you won’t get any unpleasant surprises when you start your course. ___36___ Remember that there is no such thing as the best university – only the best fit for you. Before your visit, conduct some online research and decide on a few universities you’d like to visit. Plan your day, booking any relevant sessions, and noting down any talks you would like to attend. Prepare a list of questions about all the aspects of university life. During your visit, you need to make plenty of notes!____37____ You’ll start to forget important things unless you put them down. Note which accommodation you like as well as how much it costs and where it is located. Bear in mind that you might not get your first choice of accommodation, so have a few others in mind as a back-up. ___38___Go along to application sessions and you can get the answers there. You could even show the admissions tutor a draft of your personal statement and ask for some direct feedback. Ask the experts -not only the admissions team and course tutors, but also the current students. While it might be tempting to let mum and dad take over, it’s you who will be going to university, not them, so don’t be afraid to speak up! Write down what you like about the university and compare it to others. Remember to make sure you prioritise your course over the university.___39___ If you don’t enjoy your course, then chances are you will fail to maximise your potential. It’s your choice, so make the best of it! A. Avoid being misled by claims and statistics. B. It doesn’t matter how famous the university is. C. It is important to find out the selection criteria. D. With so many choices, how can you make an informed decision? E. Faced with all the information, what you need to do is to get the most out of it. F. The conversations and experiences you’ve had will mix together after a few visits. G. Determine your own criteria –especially if you’re unsure about which subjects to study. 【答案】35. D 36. A 37. F 38. C 39. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。由于高等教育部门面临着提供物有所值的压力，现在人们通常认为大学将为学生提供的不仅仅是一个学位。目前的院校在学术研究、学生满意度、毕业生就业能力和联系时间方面都处于“领先地位”。作者就如何选择适合自己的学校提出了一些建议。 【35题详解】 根据上文Most prospectuses introduction present institutions as being the “leaders” in academic research, student satisfaction, graduate employability and contact hours.可知目前的院校在学术研究、学生满意度、毕业生就业能力和联系时间方面都处于“领先地位”。结合后文中提出了如何选择大学的建议，由此可知，本句承上启下，说明有这么多院校该如何做出明智的决定。故D选项“有这么多的选择，你怎么能做出明智的决定呢？”符合上下文语境，故选D。 【36题详解】 根据上文Visiting a university “in the flesh” on the open day is the only way you can truly get a feel for the place, and ensures you won’t get any unpleasant surprises when you start your course.可知在开放日“亲自”参观一所大学是你真正感受这个地方的唯一方式，并确保你在开始上课时不会遇到任何不愉快的意外。以及后文Remember that there is no such thing as the best university – only the best fit for you.可知记住，没有最好的大学，只有最适合你的大学。由此可知，本句是在说明要去参观你选择的大学，而不要被大学的宣传和统计数据所误导，没有最好的大学，只有最适合自己的大学。故A选项“避免被声明和统计数字误导”符合上下文语境，故选A。 【37题详解】 根据后文You’ll start to forget important things unless you put them down. Note which accommodation you like as well as how much it costs and where it is located. Bear in mind that you might not get your first choice of accommodation, so have a few others in mind as a back-up.可知你会开始忘记重要的事情，除非你把它们放下。 注意你喜欢哪个房间，以及它的价格和位置。 记住，你可能不会得到你的第一选择的住宿，所以有一些其他的心理作为后备。由此可知，经过几次拜访之后，你所经历的谈话和经验就会融合，导致你忘记重要的事情。故F选项“几次拜访之后，你的谈话和经历就会融合在一起”符合上下文语境，故选F。 【38题详解】 根据后文Go along to application sessions and you can get the answers there. You could even show the admissions tutor a draft of your personal statement and ask for some direct feedback. Ask the experts – not only the admissions team and course tutors, but also the current students.可知参加申请会议，你可以在那里得到答案。 你甚至可以给招生导师看一份你的个人陈述草稿，并要求他们给你一些直接的反馈。 问问专家——不仅是招生团队和课程导师，还有现在的学生。由此可知，本段是在说明找到选择大学的标准的方式。故C选项“找出选择标准是很重要的”符合上下文语境，故选C。 【39题详解】 根据上文Remember to make sure you prioritise your course over the university.可知记住，你要优先考虑你的课程，而不是大学。由此可知，大学出名并不重要，重要的是要优先考虑你的课程。故B选项“这所大学有多出名并不重要”符合上下文语境，故选B。 第三部分 阅读表达与写作（32分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 As the saying goes, “time waits for no man”. Time is always against us, and we just can’t stop it. Maybe that’s why some of us are always running late for appointments. But if timekeeping is not what you’re good at, don’t stress. There might be a good reason for your lack of punctuality. People’s attitudes to being on time vary. Some clock-watch and make sure they’re bang on time for a meeting. It is, after all, rude to be late, and if you can make it on time, why can’t everyone else? But if, like me, you want to make every second count, you might try to squeeze as much as you can into the time you have available. However, when your schedule doesn’t run to plan, your punctuality inevitably slips. People who lack promptness have been described as “time benders”. Author Grace Pacie told the BBC that “they’re the people who don’t want to be late, but they have a strange resistance to being early, and they don’t allow enough time.” They assume their journey to an appointment will always go smoothly, and the train will always be on time! Perceptions of unpunctual people are almost always negative — even if sometimes wrong. Experts say: Being consistently late might not be your fault. It could be your type. The punctually-challenged often share personality characteristics, such as optimism, low levels of self-control, anxiety, or a penchant for thrill-seeking. It is also possible people are late so not to be conspicuous and to avoid the anxious wait for others to turn up. Maybe we latecomers should make more of an effort and follow the advice I heard to not “try” to be on time but “decide” to be on time. 40. What does “time benders” refer to? _______________________________________________________________________________ 41. What are the personality characteristics of time benders? _______________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. According to Grace Pacie, time benders don’t care about being late so they don’t allow enough time. _______________________________________________________________________________ 43. What do you usually do to be on time? (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. It refers to people who lack promptness./People who lack promptness have been described as “time benders”. 41. The characteristics such as optimism, low levels of self-control, anxiety, or a penchant for thrill-seeking./They often share personality characteristics, such as optimism, low levels of self-control, anxiety, or a penchant for thrill-seeking. 42. According to Grace Pacie, time benders don’t care about being late so they don’t allow enough time. According to Grace Pacie, time benders don’t want to be late, but they have a strange resistance to being early, so they don’t allow enough time. 43. My method to be on time is making a clear schedule so that I can prepare in advance. Besides, I am used to allowing enough time in case something unexpected happens. Sometimes to get up early, I will set an alarm and check it before bedtime. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了也许迟到不是我们的错，并介绍了我们为什么会迟到。 【40题详解】 考查词句猜测。根据第三段“People who lack promptness have been described as “time benders”.(做事不及时的人被称为‘不守时的人’。)”可知，“不守时的人”是做事不及时的人。故答案为It refers to people who lack promptness./People who lack promptness have been described as “time benders”. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“The punctually-challenged often share personality characteristics, such as optimism, low levels of self-control, anxiety, or a penchant for thrill-seeking.(不守时的人通常有共同的性格特征，比如乐观、自制力低、焦虑或喜欢寻求刺激。)”可知，“不守时的人”的性格特征是乐观、自我控制水平低、焦虑或寻求刺激的倾向。故答案为The characteristics such as optimism, low levels of self-control, anxiety, or a penchant for thrill-seeking./They often share personality characteristics, such as optimism, low levels of self-control, anxiety, or a penchant for thrill-seeking. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“Author Grace Pacie told the BBC that “they’re the people who don’t want to be late, but they have a strange resistance to being early, and they don’t allow enough time.(作家Grace Pacie告诉BBC：‘他们是不想迟到的人，但他们对早到有一种奇怪的抗拒，他们不给自己足够的时间。’)”可知，不守时的人也不想迟到，但是他们对早到有一种奇怪的抗拒，所以他们不给自己足够的时间，“don’t care about being late”是错误的，故答案为According to Grace Pacie, time benders don’t care about being late so they don’t allow enough time. According to Grace Pacie, time benders don’t want to be late, but they have a strange resistance to being early, so they don’t allow enough time. 【43题详解】 考查推理判断。根据我自己的经验，我准时的方法是制定一个明确的时间表，这样我就可以提前做好准备。此外，我习惯留出足够的时间，以防意外发生。有时为了早起，我会设置闹钟并在睡觉前检查它。故答案为My method to be on time is making a clear schedule so that I can prepare in advance. Besides, I am used to allowing enough time in case something unexpected happens. Sometimes to get up early, I will set an alarm and check it before bedtime. 第三节 作文 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。为了缓解AI时代下人际疏离的问题，你的好友Jim正在策划一次主题为“连接”的活动，他发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 你的建议； 2. 说明理由。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m glad to know you’re planning an activity themed “Connection” to ease interpersonal alienation in the AI era. I’d like to offer two practical suggestions. First, organize a “Heart-to-Heart Sharing Session”. This session allows students to sit face-to-face, share daily troubles, study pressure and interesting stories, helping them listen patiently and understand each other, thus narrowing the distance between peers. Besides, hold cooperative team games. Tasks like group puzzles require close communication and cooperation without electronic devices. Working together helps them break the ice quickly, build trust and strengthen bonds in a relaxed way. These activities fit the “Connection” theme well and can solve the alienation problem. I hope my suggestions are helpful to you. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】题目要求考生以李华的名义给好友Jim写一封邮件，就他正在策划一次主题为“连接”的活动提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 帮助：help→assist 加强：strengthen→enhance 解决：solve→settle 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：I’m glad to know you’re planning an activity themed “Connection” to ease interpersonal alienation in the AI era. 拓展句：I’m glad to know you’re planning an activity whose theme is “Connection” to ease interpersonal alienation in the AI era. 【点睛】[高分句型1]This session allows students to sit face-to-face, share daily troubles, study pressure and interesting stories, helping them listen patiently and understand each other, thus narrowing the distance between peers.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） [高分句型2]Working together helps them break the ice quickly, build trust and strengthen bonds in a relaxed way.（运用了动名词短语作主语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京丰台二中高三英语练习（8月） 本试卷满分100分 考试时间90分钟 姓名________ 班级________ 考号________ 第一部分 知识运用（共两节30分） 第一节：完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Last summer, as I got ready to move to a new city for a job, I stood in front of my crowded bookshelf. A wave of memories washed over me. Each book was a(n) ____1____ friend. A practical question kept echoing in my mind: “Will I ever read these again?” The thought of ____2____ them seemed too cold, and simply storing them seemed like a waste. I wanted the stories to live on. So I decided to find them new homes. I made a simple but detailed poster for our community board, ____3____ my books, with sections like “Classic Literature,” “Heartwarming Stories,” and “Young Adult Adventures,” and even added little notes about who might ____4____ each one. The ____5____ came quickly. The first call came from a teenage girl, and her voice was full of excitement. “Do you still have Pride and Prejudice?” she asked ____6____. When she arrived, her eyes scanned the piles of books and stopped at the novels. A warm smile spread across her face as she picked up the book she wanted. “Thank you so much!” she said, and ____7____ a handmade bookmark to me. “I made this,” she added. That small, kind gesture turned my earlier hesitation into quiet happiness. My books weren’t just being taken away; they were becoming someone else’s ____8____. Later, as I looked at my emptier shelves, I felt surprisingly light and ____9____. The physical weight of the books was gone, but in its place was a deep sense of warmth. The bookmark wasn’t just a gift; it was real human ____10____ — a reminder that stories could spark new journeys in others. Letting go, I realized, wasn’t really an ending. It was part of a beautiful, ongoing cycle. And the best joy was becoming a small link in that chain of sharing. 1. A. lost B. distant C. old D. funny 2. A. hiding B. selling C. lending D. adapting 3. A. ranking B. categorizing C. beautifying D. collecting 4. A. enjoy B. recognize C. recommend D. evaluate 5. A. challenge B. preparation C. response D. decision 6. A. confidently B. formally C. cautiously D. eagerly 7. A. presented B. dropped C. posted D. returned 8. A. dreams B. profits C. rewards D. treasures 9. A. calm B. curious C. content D. free 10. A. care B. connection C. generosity D. trust 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Rowena was at dinner when she heard a loud noise at the next table. She saw that something was wrong with a little girl. She suddenly realized that the baby was choking on food. Fortunately, Rowena knew what to do, as she ___11___ (complete) a first aid course for children before. “I sat on a chair and held the baby girl face down along the length of my right leg with her head ___12___ (low) than my knee,” Rowena said. “Then I started to hit her ___13___ the back. When the baby girl started to cry, I knew that she could breathe again.” That was ___14___ Rowena saved a baby’s life. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The Chinese have created some of the greatest inventions in the world. They came up with a way to make modern paper thousands of years ago. The first paper ___15___ (invent) was made from worm fishing nets, bark of the mulberry tree, and cloth. These materials were found ___16___ (easy), which meant that large amounts of paper were cheaper to make. As paper became more affordable, it was used for writing on. During the Tang Dynasty, it was made into paper bags and used to preserve the flavour of tea. Today, paper ___17___ (use) for many different purposes around the world. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 You never know what treasures the sea will offer. ___18___ (look) for a seashell is a fun hobby, and anyone at any age can do it. Plus, there’s even an official name for people ___19___ collect and study shells: “conchologist.” Besides being unique and interesting, shells serve an important function. They provide ___20___ (protect) for sea organisms. That brings us to the first rule of searching for seashells: Never keep a shell that still has a living creature inside. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节38分） 第一节：（共15小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A General LRC rules We have a number of simple rules to help you use the Language Resource Centre (LRC). Please cooperate and enjoy your visit with us. ● No eating or drinking ● No copying of audio cassettes ● You can use the LRC cither on your own during self - access times or you may use it with your teacher as part of a lesson. ● If you use it as a self-access student, you must scan your borrower barcode (issued by the library staff) when entering and leaving. The LRC is for use by Language Centre students only. ● All bags must be put in the bag-rack. Please work quietly. This is a library and many students are studying for exams. Photocopying We have a photocopier available. Please ask the library staff to help you. The cost is 20c for one A4 sheet. Borrowing from the LRC Language Centre students are permitted to borrow materials from the library. Other schools’ students must use the facilities at their own schools. Full-time students: Give your photo — ID card to the librarian and you will get an LRC number. Part-time students: You will need to bring your $ 50. 00 deposit receipt from the cashier. When your course finishes, bring your library card back and your deposit will be refunded in cash. Loans Language students can borrow up to 4 items (of which no more than 2 can be kits) at one time. Kits are bags containing book(s) plus cassette(s). All teacher trainee students may borrow up to 3 items: ● Test materials 1 week ● Listening kits 1 week ● Most other books 2 weeks Books marked REF in red are reference books and cannot be taken out of the library. Books marked REF in green may be removed by staff only. Most items can be renewed once. Test materials cannot be renewed. 21. What can we learn from the passage? A. You can borrow and copy audio cassettes from the LRC. B. The LRC can only be used by students studying for exams. C. Students and teachers can photocopy materials at the LRC for free D. Teachers are allowed to use the LRC when giving lessons to students. 22. According to the passage, part -time students at the Language Center _________. A. can borrow at least four items at one time B. should renew the test materials once a week C. should pay a deposit before borrowing materials D. can take books marked REF in red out of the library 23. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To explain how to use the LRC. B. To recommend resources for language learning. C. To present the different functions of school facilities. D. To introduce how to borrow reference books from the LRC. B I was sixteen years old, and like many other teenage boys, I was in a band. So when we found out we’d been invited to play at a charitable event in a nursing home, we were very excited — it felt like our first real stage. On the day of the concert, we turned up early. As we headed backstage, still buzzing with excitement, the director of the nursing home came over to talk to us. “Some in the audience are suffering from physical or mental illnesses. These people have very few chances to see live entertainment of any kind. Just play your regular show, and you’ll do fine.” Soon it was time for the show. The auditorium was packed. But the silence that filled the room felt heavy, almost unnerving. Then we started playing our first few songs. We played probably the best show we had ever put on. As each song finished, there was a short pause. This was the time when the audience would normally applaud. Unfortunately, we were getting little applause. A sinking feeling settled in my chest. We unplugged our instruments and went backstage. Seeing this, the director ran backstage and asked us what was wrong. “Well, it seemed that the audience didn’t like the performances,” I replied, trying to hide my disappointment. “They like all of you. But maybe the songs are not quite the style they like.” On hearing this, we realized the problem. A spark of hope flickered. So I advised the director to give us a 10-minute break. We then had a heated discussion about what to play. Returning to the stage, we played seven songs for the elderly residents. Most of the music was gentle, and some of the songs were familiar to them. This time, the atmosphere shifted — some of them even stood up and danced to the music. With every cheer, the knot in my stomach loosened a little more. Finally, we finished our performance. What happened next shocked me more than anything. I went back to pack up, not knowing what to expect, only to find that at least ten people had gathered around the stage. Several people told us we were the best band to play for them in years. I stood there speechless, something warm and unexpected swelling in my chest. After that show, I made up my mind to have a career in music. I did play a few more shows with different bands over the years, and some crowds roared louder than that night. But no matter how much the audience cheered, I never felt as good as I did on that particular night — I learned that music is not about applause, but about truly touching someone. 24. Why did the band feel disappointed after their first few songs? A. They failed to play their best songs. B. The audience left the auditorium quietly. C. The director blamed them for their performance. D. They received hardly any applause from the audience. 25. What can we learn from the passage? A. The director asked the band to play louder. B. The band adjusted their song style to suit the elderly. C. The band made some mistakes during the performance. D. The elderly showed great interest in various live shows. 26. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 7 probably indicate? A. The author was surprised and thankful. B. The author expected praise from the director. C. The author began to feel relieved and confident. D. The author understood the meaning of the songs. 27. What can we conclude from this passage? A. Teamwork helps solve problems. B. True success lies in reaching others. C. First impression cannot always be trusted. D. One’s potential cannot always be underrated. C Early or Later Day Care Many young parents are confused about whether their children should have early day care, and there have always been different views on this subject. The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby believes that separation from parents during the sensitive “attachment” period from birth to three may scar a child’s personality and lead to psychological problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby’s work that children should not be subjected to day care before three because of the parental separation it causes, and many people do believe this. According to Bowlby, a great deal of psychological harm can occur when young children are separated from their parents. If they are left without touch for a while, they will have a higher stress level. Parents’ influence on their children’s well-being may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child’s brain is developing rapidly and when nearly all of her or his experiences are shaped by parents and the family environment. However, there are critics. Some anthropologists (人类学家) point out that the love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. There has been a long history of the fact that father and mother did not bring up their children alone. Plato, around 394 B.C., argued that a system of early child care would free women to participate in society. Results from Israeli and Dutch studies show that child-raising duties are more evenly distributed among a broader group of people. Besides, studies have reported that early day care has a neutral or slightly positive effect on children’s development. They learn the benefits of being socially smart, understanding the concept of sharing and caring. They promote concentration skills, which is very important in their learning. There are games where children are taught basic language and mathematical skills through stories and everyday examples. Common sense tells us that early day care would not be so widespread if children had problems with it. But Bowlby’s analysis raises the possibility that it has delayed effects. The possibility that such care might lead to more mental illness 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics. Whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three dislike leaving their parents and show unhappiness. At the age of three almost all children find it easy to go to the nursery. The matter, then, is far from being clearly known, though experience and available evidence indicate that early day care is reasonable for young children. 28. The passage mainly argues whether ________. A. children over three will accept school education B. children under three should be sent to nursery schools C. the family relationship is different in traditional societies D. early day care should be totally replaced in modern societies 29. Which of the following supports Bowlby’s theory? A. Early day care wouldn’t be so popular if it had negative effects. B. Separation from parents for young children is common in history. C. Parents find the immediate effects of early day care difficult to deal with. D. Studies show early day care has a positive effect on children’s development. 30. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage? I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion A. B. C. D. D Because the commercial internet has been developed with so little regard for privacy, tech companies have been able to turn personal data into considerable profits, raising billions of dollars off their ability to collect and sell information about anyone who has wandered within shouting distance of their software. This week, Google announced a step in the right direction-but not a huge step, nor one that will stop Google from continuing to collect immense amounts of personal data. At issue is how online companies track internet users as they browse (浏览) from site to site online, typically through cookies (information that a website leaves in your computer so that the website will recognize you when you use it again). The most harmful version, “third-party” cookies, is the web alternative of a company posting security guards across the internet to monitor what you do, even when you’re on other companies’ sites. Google declared in a blog post Wednesday that it would no longer use or support third-party cookies, nor would it create or use any other technology that tracks individual users across the web. Given that Google is a main supplier of online advertising technology, its change in approach will impact far and wide. That’s welcome news, although with huge amounts of warning. As Lee Tien of the Electronic Frontier Foundation noted, third-party cookies were already on the retreat, with Apple and other makers of popular web browsers moving to block them. Meanwhile, Google, Facebook and other Big Tech companies continue to collect personal information in large quantities from people who use their sites and services through first-party cookies and similar techniques. The concerns about personal data collection are the same whether it’s being collected through first-party or third-party techniques, said Michelle Richardson of the Center for Democracy and Technology. “Companies may use the information to discriminate among internet users, offering different goods, services and even prices to different users.” Instead of helping advertisers track individuals, Google says, it is improving a technology that assigns users namelessly to large groups with common interests. That’s an improvement, even though it too may be at risk of abuse. But why do any form of tracking at all? Privacy advocates say pitches (兜售) can be targeted effectively by basing them on where the user is at the moment, not where he or she has browsed previously online. Ultimately, lawmakers are going to have to lay down regulations giving people far more control over whether and how personal information is used online. Ideally the federal (联邦的) government will set a strong floor under online privacy protections, but until then it will be up to state lawmakers or voters to act, as this state has done with its groundbreaking online privacy laws. It’s good to see Google move the ball forward, but there’s much farther to go. 31. What does the underlined phrase “on the retreat” in Para 4 most probably mean? A. Exposed. B. Removed. C. Emerging. D. Fading. 32. It can be learned from the declaration that Google . A. is developing new technologies to stop data collection B. refuses to work with companies tracking privacy C. intends to abandon its advertising technologies D. resolves to stop the use of third-party cookies 33. From the passage we can know that first-party cookies . A. are still collecting personal information B. are blocked by big companies like Apple C. are mainly used by advertising companies D. are less concerning than third-party cookies 34. What is the writer’s attitude towards Google’s new move? A. It is less satisfactory than expected. B. It needs to be more forceful to be effective. C. It will accelerate the disappearance of cookies. D. It has driven lawmakers to make new regulations. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As the higher education sector faces mounting pressures to provide value for money, it’s now often assumed that universities will provide its students with much more than just a degree. Most prospectuses(宣传册)introduction present institutions as being the “leaders” in academic research, student satisfaction, graduate employability and contact hours. ___35___ Visiting a university “in the flesh” on the open day is the only way you can truly get a feel for the place, and ensures you won’t get any unpleasant surprises when you start your course. ___36___ Remember that there is no such thing as the best university – only the best fit for you. Before your visit, conduct some online research and decide on a few universities you’d like to visit. Plan your day, booking any relevant sessions, and noting down any talks you would like to attend. Prepare a list of questions about all the aspects of university life. During your visit, you need to make plenty of notes!____37____ You’ll start to forget important things unless you put them down. Note which accommodation you like as well as how much it costs and where it is located. Bear in mind that you might not get your first choice of accommodation, so have a few others in mind as a back-up. ___38___Go along to application sessions and you can get the answers there. You could even show the admissions tutor a draft of your personal statement and ask for some direct feedback. Ask the experts -not only the admissions team and course tutors, but also the current students. While it might be tempting to let mum and dad take over, it’s you who will be going to university, not them, so don’t be afraid to speak up! Write down what you like about the university and compare it to others. Remember to make sure you prioritise your course over the university.___39___ If you don’t enjoy your course, then chances are you will fail to maximise your potential. It’s your choice, so make the best of it! A. Avoid being misled by claims and statistics. B. It doesn’t matter how famous the university is. C. It is important to find out the selection criteria. D. With so many choices, how can you make an informed decision? E. Faced with all the information, what you need to do is to get the most out of it. F. The conversations and experiences you’ve had will mix together after a few visits. G. Determine your own criteria –especially if you’re unsure about which subjects to study. 第三部分 阅读表达与写作（32分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 As the saying goes, “time waits for no man”. Time is always against us, and we just can’t stop it. Maybe that’s why some of us are always running late for appointments. But if timekeeping is not what you’re good at, don’t stress. There might be a good reason for your lack of punctuality. People’s attitudes to being on time vary. Some clock-watch and make sure they’re bang on time for a meeting. It is, after all, rude to be late, and if you can make it on time, why can’t everyone else? But if, like me, you want to make every second count, you might try to squeeze as much as you can into the time you have available. However, when your schedule doesn’t run to plan, your punctuality inevitably slips. People who lack promptness have been described as “time benders”. Author Grace Pacie told the BBC that “they’re the people who don’t want to be late, but they have a strange resistance to being early, and they don’t allow enough time.” They assume their journey to an appointment will always go smoothly, and the train will always be on time! Perceptions of unpunctual people are almost always negative — even if sometimes wrong. Experts say: Being consistently late might not be your fault. It could be your type. The punctually-challenged often share personality characteristics, such as optimism, low levels of self-control, anxiety, or a penchant for thrill-seeking. It is also possible people are late so not to be conspicuous and to avoid the anxious wait for others to turn up. Maybe we latecomers should make more of an effort and follow the advice I heard to not “try” to be on time but “decide” to be on time. 40. What does “time benders” refer to? _______________________________________________________________________________ 41. What are the personality characteristics of time benders? _______________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. According to Grace Pacie, time benders don’t care about being late so they don’t allow enough time. _______________________________________________________________________________ 43. What do you usually do to be on time? (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 第三节 作文 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。为了缓解AI时代下人际疏离的问题，你的好友Jim正在策划一次主题为“连接”的活动，他发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 你的建议； 2. 说明理由。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $